diff --git a/manifest.json b/manifest.json
index 48212ab8b..1e11b333b 100644
--- a/manifest.json
+++ b/manifest.json
@@ -795,6 +795,21 @@
         "region": "zrh"
       },
       "notes": "API-centric cloud platform with regions in ZRH (Zurich), WDC (Washington DC), and LVS (Las Vegas). Granular resource control (CPU/RAM/Disk independently configurable). Uses 'cloudsigma' user for SSH."
+    },
+    "webdock": {
+      "name": "Webdock",
+      "description": "European VPS provider with affordable plans",
+      "url": "https://webdock.io/",
+      "type": "api",
+      "auth": "WEBDOCK_API_TOKEN",
+      "provision_method": "POST /v1/servers",
+      "exec_method": "ssh root@IP",
+      "interactive_method": "ssh -t root@IP",
+      "defaults": {
+        "profile": "webdockmicro",
+        "location": "fi",
+        "image": "ubuntu2404"
+      }
     }
   },
   "matrix": {
@@ -1337,6 +1352,21 @@
     "cloudsigma/opencode": "missing",
     "cloudsigma/plandex": "missing",
     "cloudsigma/kilocode": "missing",
-    "cloudsigma/continue": "implemented"
+    "cloudsigma/continue": "implemented",
+    "webdock/claude": "implemented",
+    "webdock/openclaw": "missing",
+    "webdock/nanoclaw": "missing",
+    "webdock/aider": "implemented",
+    "webdock/goose": "missing",
+    "webdock/codex": "missing",
+    "webdock/interpreter": "missing",
+    "webdock/gemini": "missing",
+    "webdock/amazonq": "missing",
+    "webdock/cline": "implemented",
+    "webdock/gptme": "missing",
+    "webdock/opencode": "missing",
+    "webdock/plandex": "missing",
+    "webdock/kilocode": "missing",
+    "webdock/continue": "missing"
   }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/test/mock.sh b/test/mock.sh
index 4e62ca284..7487b73a4 100644
--- a/test/mock.sh
+++ b/test/mock.sh
@@ -263,6 +263,7 @@ _strip_api_base() {
         https://cloudapi.atlantic.net/*)    ENDPOINT=$(echo "$URL" | sed 's|https://cloudapi.atlantic.net/\?||') ;;
         https://invapi.hostkey.com*)        ENDPOINT="${URL#https://invapi.hostkey.com}" ;;
         https://*.cloudsigma.com/api/2.0*)  ENDPOINT=$(echo "$URL" | sed 's|https://[^/]*.cloudsigma.com/api/2.0||') ;;
+        https://api.webdock.io/v1*)         ENDPOINT="${URL#https://api.webdock.io/v1}" ;;
     esac
     EP_CLEAN=$(echo "$ENDPOINT" | sed 's|?.*||')
 }
@@ -288,6 +289,7 @@ _validate_body() {
         vultr)       case "$EP_CLEAN" in /instances)        _check_fields "label region plan os_id" ;; esac ;;
         linode)      case "$EP_CLEAN" in /linode/instances) _check_fields "label region type image" ;; esac ;;
         civo)        case "$EP_CLEAN" in /instances)        _check_fields "hostname size region" ;; esac ;;
+        webdock)     case "$EP_CLEAN" in /servers)          _check_fields "name slug locationId profileSlug imageSlug" ;; esac ;;
     esac
 }
 
diff --git a/test/record.sh b/test/record.sh
index c33f78ce7..0e51c2adf 100644
--- a/test/record.sh
+++ b/test/record.sh
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ ERRORS=0
 PROMPT_FOR_CREDS=true
 
 # All clouds with REST APIs that we can record from
-ALL_RECORDABLE_CLOUDS="hetzner digitalocean vultr linode lambda civo upcloud binarylane ovh scaleway genesiscloud kamatera latitude hyperstack atlanticnet hostkey cloudsigma"
+ALL_RECORDABLE_CLOUDS="hetzner digitalocean vultr linode lambda civo upcloud binarylane ovh scaleway genesiscloud kamatera latitude hyperstack atlanticnet hostkey cloudsigma webdock"
 
 # --- Endpoint registry ---
 # Format: "fixture_name:endpoint"
@@ -141,6 +141,14 @@ get_endpoints() {
                 "keypairs:/keypairs/" \
                 "servers:/servers/"
             ;;
+        webdock)
+            printf '%s\n' \
+                "account:/account" \
+                "publicKeys:/account/publicKeys" \
+                "servers:/servers" \
+                "profiles:/profiles" \
+                "locations:/locations"
+            ;;
     esac
 }
 
@@ -165,6 +173,7 @@ get_auth_env_var() {
         atlanticnet)   printf "ATLANTICNET_API_KEY" ;;
         hostkey)       printf "HOSTKEY_API_KEY" ;;
         cloudsigma)    printf "CLOUDSIGMA_EMAIL" ;;
+        webdock)       printf "WEBDOCK_API_TOKEN" ;;
     esac
 }
 
@@ -399,6 +408,7 @@ call_api() {
         atlanticnet)   atlanticnet_api "$endpoint" ;;
         hostkey)       hostkey_api "$endpoint" ;;
         cloudsigma)    cloudsigma_api GET "$endpoint" ;;
+        webdock)       webdock_api GET "$endpoint" ;;
     esac
 }
 
@@ -444,6 +454,9 @@ elif cloud == 'hostkey':
 elif cloud == 'cloudsigma':
     # CloudSigma returns error objects with 'error_message', 'error_type', etc
     sys.exit(0 if 'error_message' in d or 'error_type' in d else 1)
+elif cloud == 'webdock':
+    # Webdock returns error objects with 'message' field
+    sys.exit(0 if 'message' in d and len(d) <= 3 and not any(k in d for k in ('slug','name','status','ipv4')) else 1)
 else:
     sys.exit(1)
 " "$cloud" 2>/dev/null
@@ -822,6 +835,12 @@ _live_cloudsigma() {
     return 0
 }
 
+_live_webdock() {
+    local fixture_dir="$1"
+    printf '%b\n' "  ${YELLOW}skip${NC} Webdock live test (not implemented yet)" >&2
+    return 0
+}
+
 # --- Record one cloud ---
 # Check credentials and prompt if needed; returns 1 to skip this cloud
 _record_ensure_credentials() {
diff --git a/webdock/README.md b/webdock/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2383236b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webdock/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+# Webdock
+
+Webdock is a European VPS provider offering affordable cloud servers with API access.
+
+## Features
+
+- **REST API**: Full-featured API for server management
+- **Affordable pricing**: Starting from €2.15/month (Intel Xeon) or €4.30/month (AMD EPYC)
+- **Multiple locations**: Data centers in Europe (Finland, Netherlands, UK)
+- **Developer-friendly**: Free API, automated backups, free SSL, 1-click deployments
+- **SSH access**: Full root SSH access to all servers
+- **GDPR compliant**: European data protection standards
+
+## Authentication
+
+Set your Webdock API token as an environment variable:
+
+```bash
+export WEBDOCK_API_TOKEN="your-api-token-here"
+```
+
+To obtain an API token:
+1. Log in to [https://my.webdock.io](https://my.webdock.io)
+2. Go to Account Area > API & Integrations
+3. Generate a new API key
+
+The token will be automatically saved to `~/.config/spawn/webdock.json` for future use.
+
+## Usage
+
+Launch Claude Code on a Webdock server:
+
+```bash
+bash webdock/claude.sh
+```
+
+Or use the CLI:
+
+```bash
+spawn run webdock claude
+```
+
+## Available Scripts
+
+- `claude.sh` — Claude Code (Anthropic's CLI coding agent)
+- `cline.sh` — Cline (AI pair programming in your editor)
+- `aider.sh` — Aider (AI pair programming in the terminal)
+
+## Configuration
+
+### Server Profile
+
+Set the server profile (hardware tier) via environment variable:
+
+```bash
+export WEBDOCK_PROFILE="webdockmicro"  # Default
+```
+
+Available profiles:
+- `webdockmicro` — 1 vCPU, 1GB RAM, 25GB SSD (€2.15-4.30/mo)
+- `webdocksmall` — 1 vCPU, 2GB RAM, 50GB SSD
+- `webdockmedium` — 2 vCPU, 4GB RAM, 80GB SSD
+- `webdocklarge` — 4 vCPU, 8GB RAM, 160GB SSD
+- `webdockxl` — 6 vCPU, 16GB RAM, 320GB SSD
+
+Check [Webdock pricing](https://webdock.io/en/pricing) for the full list and current prices.
+
+### Location
+
+Set the server location via environment variable:
+
+```bash
+export WEBDOCK_LOCATION="fi"  # Default (Finland)
+```
+
+Available locations:
+- `fi` — Finland (Helsinki)
+- `nl` — Netherlands (Amsterdam)
+- `uk` — United Kingdom (London)
+
+### Image
+
+Set the OS image via environment variable:
+
+```bash
+export WEBDOCK_IMAGE="ubuntu2404"  # Default
+```
+
+Available images include Ubuntu, Debian, and various pre-configured stacks (LEMP, WordPress, etc.).
+Check the Webdock control panel for the full list of available images.
+
+### Server Name
+
+Set a custom server name:
+
+```bash
+export WEBDOCK_SERVER_NAME="my-ai-server"
+```
+
+If not set, you'll be prompted to enter one.
+
+## How It Works
+
+1. **Authenticate**: Validates your API token with Webdock
+2. **SSH Key**: Ensures your SSH key is registered (generates ed25519 key if needed)
+3. **Provision**: Creates a new server with the specified profile, location, and image
+4. **Wait**: Polls until the server is online and SSH-ready
+5. **Setup**: Installs the agent and configures OpenRouter API credentials
+6. **Launch**: Drops you into an interactive session with the agent
+
+## Cleanup
+
+Servers persist after the script exits. To destroy a server:
+
+```bash
+# Using the Webdock API
+curl -X DELETE "https://api.webdock.io/v1/servers/SERVER_SLUG" \
+  -H "Authorization: Bearer $WEBDOCK_API_TOKEN"
+```
+
+Or delete from the Webdock control panel: https://my.webdock.io/servers
+
+## Limitations
+
+- Webdock is primarily European-focused (data centers in EU only)
+- Profile availability may vary by location
+- Server creation can take 1-3 minutes depending on load
+
+## Links
+
+- Website: https://webdock.io
+- API Documentation: https://api.webdock.io/v1
+- Control Panel: https://my.webdock.io
+- Pricing: https://webdock.io/en/pricing
diff --git a/webdock/aider.sh b/webdock/aider.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..31edbba37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webdock/aider.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -eo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" 2>/dev/null && pwd)"
+# shellcheck source=webdock/lib/common.sh
+if [[ -f "${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib/common.sh" ]]; then
+    source "${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib/common.sh"
+else
+    eval "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/OpenRouterTeam/spawn/main/webdock/lib/common.sh)"
+fi
+
+log_info "Aider on Webdock"
+echo ""
+
+ensure_webdock_token
+ensure_ssh_key
+
+SERVER_NAME=$(get_server_name)
+create_server "${SERVER_NAME}"
+verify_server_connectivity "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}"
+wait_for_cloud_init "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" 60
+
+log_step "Installing Aider..."
+run_server "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" "pip install aider-chat 2>/dev/null || pip3 install aider-chat"
+log_info "Aider installed"
+
+echo ""
+if [[ -n "${OPENROUTER_API_KEY:-}" ]]; then
+    log_info "Using OpenRouter API key from environment"
+else
+    OPENROUTER_API_KEY=$(get_openrouter_api_key_oauth 5180)
+fi
+
+MODEL_ID=$(get_model_id_interactive "openrouter/auto" "Aider") || exit 1
+
+log_step "Setting up environment variables..."
+inject_env_vars_ssh "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" upload_file run_server \
+    "OPENROUTER_API_KEY=${OPENROUTER_API_KEY}"
+
+echo ""
+log_info "Webdock server setup completed successfully!"
+log_info "Server: ${SERVER_NAME} (slug: ${WEBDOCK_SERVER_SLUG}, IP: ${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP})"
+echo ""
+
+log_step "Starting Aider..."
+sleep 1
+clear
+interactive_session "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" "source ~/.zshrc && aider --model openrouter/${MODEL_ID}"
diff --git a/webdock/claude.sh b/webdock/claude.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1002977c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webdock/claude.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -eo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" 2>/dev/null && pwd)"
+# shellcheck source=webdock/lib/common.sh
+if [[ -f "${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib/common.sh" ]]; then
+    source "${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib/common.sh"
+else
+    eval "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/OpenRouterTeam/spawn/main/webdock/lib/common.sh)"
+fi
+
+log_info "Claude Code on Webdock"
+echo ""
+
+ensure_webdock_token
+ensure_ssh_key
+
+SERVER_NAME=$(get_server_name)
+create_server "${SERVER_NAME}"
+verify_server_connectivity "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}"
+wait_for_cloud_init "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" 60
+
+log_step "Verifying Claude Code installation..."
+if ! run_server "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" "export PATH=\$HOME/.local/bin:\$PATH && command -v claude" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    log_step "Claude Code not found, installing manually..."
+    run_server "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" "curl -fsSL https://claude.ai/install.sh | bash"
+fi
+log_info "Claude Code is installed"
+
+echo ""
+if [[ -n "${OPENROUTER_API_KEY:-}" ]]; then
+    log_info "Using OpenRouter API key from environment"
+else
+    OPENROUTER_API_KEY=$(get_openrouter_api_key_oauth 5180)
+fi
+
+log_step "Setting up environment variables..."
+inject_env_vars_ssh "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" upload_file run_server \
+    "OPENROUTER_API_KEY=${OPENROUTER_API_KEY}" \
+    "ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL=https://openrouter.ai/api" \
+    "ANTHROPIC_AUTH_TOKEN=${OPENROUTER_API_KEY}" \
+    "ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=" \
+    "CLAUDE_CODE_SKIP_ONBOARDING=1" \
+    "CLAUDE_CODE_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=0"
+
+setup_claude_code_config "${OPENROUTER_API_KEY}" \
+    "upload_file ${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" \
+    "run_server ${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}"
+
+echo ""
+log_info "Webdock server setup completed successfully!"
+log_info "Server: ${SERVER_NAME} (slug: ${WEBDOCK_SERVER_SLUG}, IP: ${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP})"
+echo ""
+
+log_step "Starting Claude Code..."
+sleep 1
+clear
+interactive_session "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" "export PATH=\$HOME/.local/bin:\$PATH && source ~/.zshrc && claude"
diff --git a/webdock/cline.sh b/webdock/cline.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ce83ae19f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webdock/cline.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# shellcheck disable=SC2154
+set -eo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" 2>/dev/null && pwd)"
+# shellcheck source=webdock/lib/common.sh
+
+if [[ -f "${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib/common.sh" ]]; then
+    source "${SCRIPT_DIR}/lib/common.sh"
+else
+    eval "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/OpenRouterTeam/spawn/main/webdock/lib/common.sh)"
+fi
+
+log_info "Cline on Webdock"
+echo ""
+
+ensure_webdock_token
+ensure_ssh_key
+
+SERVER_NAME=$(get_server_name)
+create_server "${SERVER_NAME}"
+verify_server_connectivity "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}"
+wait_for_cloud_init "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" 60
+
+log_step "Installing Cline..."
+run_server "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" "npm install -g cline"
+log_info "Cline installed"
+
+echo ""
+if [[ -n "${OPENROUTER_API_KEY:-}" ]]; then
+    log_info "Using OpenRouter API key from environment"
+else
+    OPENROUTER_API_KEY=$(get_openrouter_api_key_oauth 5180)
+fi
+
+log_step "Setting up environment variables..."
+
+inject_env_vars_ssh "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" upload_file run_server \
+    "OPENROUTER_API_KEY=${OPENROUTER_API_KEY}" \
+    "OPENAI_API_KEY=${OPENROUTER_API_KEY}" \
+    "OPENAI_BASE_URL=https://openrouter.ai/api/v1"
+
+echo ""
+log_info "Webdock server setup completed successfully!"
+log_info "Server: ${SERVER_NAME} (slug: ${WEBDOCK_SERVER_SLUG}, IP: ${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP})"
+echo ""
+
+log_step "Starting Cline..."
+sleep 1
+clear
+interactive_session "${WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP}" "source ~/.zshrc && cline"
diff --git a/webdock/lib/common.sh b/webdock/lib/common.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..26a26376e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/webdock/lib/common.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Common bash functions for Webdock spawn scripts
+
+# Bash safety flags
+set -eo pipefail
+
+# ============================================================
+# Provider-agnostic functions
+# ============================================================
+
+# Source shared provider-agnostic functions (local or remote fallback)
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" 2>/dev/null && pwd)"
+if [[ -n "$SCRIPT_DIR" && -f "$SCRIPT_DIR/../../shared/common.sh" ]]; then
+    source "$SCRIPT_DIR/../../shared/common.sh"
+else
+    eval "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/OpenRouterTeam/spawn/main/shared/common.sh)"
+fi
+
+# Note: Provider-agnostic functions (logging, OAuth, browser, nc_listen) are now in shared/common.sh
+
+# ============================================================
+# Webdock specific functions
+# ============================================================
+
+readonly WEBDOCK_API_BASE="https://api.webdock.io/v1"
+# SSH_OPTS is now defined in shared/common.sh
+
+# Configurable timeout/delay constants
+INSTANCE_STATUS_POLL_DELAY=${INSTANCE_STATUS_POLL_DELAY:-5}  # Delay between instance status checks
+
+webdock_api() {
+    local method="$1"
+    local endpoint="$2"
+    local body="${3:-}"
+    generic_cloud_api "$WEBDOCK_API_BASE" "$WEBDOCK_API_TOKEN" "$method" "$endpoint" "$body"
+}
+
+test_webdock_token() {
+    local response
+    response=$(webdock_api GET "/account")
+    if echo "$response" | grep -q '"email"'; then
+        log_info "API token validated"
+        return 0
+    else
+        log_error "API Error: $(extract_api_error_message "$response" "Unable to parse error")"
+        log_error "How to fix:"
+        log_warn "  1. Log in to your Webdock account"
+        log_warn "  2. Go to Account Area > API & Integrations"
+        log_warn "  3. Generate a new API key"
+        log_warn "  4. Set WEBDOCK_API_TOKEN environment variable"
+        return 1
+    fi
+}
+
+ensure_webdock_token() {
+    ensure_api_token_with_provider \
+        "Webdock" \
+        "WEBDOCK_API_TOKEN" \
+        "$HOME/.config/spawn/webdock.json" \
+        "https://my.webdock.io/account" \
+        "test_webdock_token"
+}
+
+# Check if SSH key is registered with Webdock
+webdock_check_ssh_key() {
+    check_ssh_key_by_fingerprint webdock_api "/account/publicKeys" "$1"
+}
+
+# Register SSH key with Webdock
+webdock_register_ssh_key() {
+    local key_name="$1"
+    local pub_path="$2"
+    local pub_key
+    pub_key=$(cat "$pub_path")
+    local json_pub_key json_name
+    json_pub_key=$(json_escape "$pub_key")
+    json_name=$(json_escape "$key_name")
+    local register_body="{\"name\":$json_name,\"publicKey\":$json_pub_key}"
+    local register_response
+    register_response=$(webdock_api POST "/account/publicKeys" "$register_body")
+
+    if echo "$register_response" | grep -q '"id"'; then
+        return 0
+    else
+        log_error "API Error: $(extract_api_error_message "$register_response" "$register_response")"
+
+        log_warn "Common causes:"
+        log_warn "  - SSH key already registered with this name"
+        log_warn "  - Invalid SSH key format (must be valid ed25519 public key)"
+        log_warn "  - API token lacks write permissions"
+        return 1
+    fi
+}
+
+ensure_ssh_key() {
+    ensure_ssh_key_with_provider webdock_check_ssh_key webdock_register_ssh_key "Webdock"
+}
+
+get_server_name() {
+    get_validated_server_name "WEBDOCK_SERVER_NAME" "Enter server name: "
+}
+
+# get_cloud_init_userdata is now defined in shared/common.sh
+
+# Build JSON request body for Webdock server creation
+# Usage: _webdock_build_server_body NAME SLUG LOCATION_ID PROFILE_SLUG IMAGE_SLUG PUBLIC_KEY_IDS
+_webdock_build_server_body() {
+    local name="$1" slug="$2" location_id="$3" profile_slug="$4" image_slug="$5" public_key_ids="$6"
+    python3 -c "
+import json, sys
+name, slug, location_id, profile_slug, image_slug, public_key_ids = sys.argv[1:7]
+body = {
+    'name': name,
+    'slug': slug,
+    'locationId': location_id,
+    'profileSlug': profile_slug,
+    'imageSlug': image_slug,
+    'publicKeys': json.loads(public_key_ids) if public_key_ids != '[]' else []
+}
+print(json.dumps(body))
+" "$name" "$slug" "$location_id" "$profile_slug" "$image_slug" "$public_key_ids"
+}
+
+# Wait for Webdock server to become active and get its IP
+# Sets: WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP
+# Usage: _wait_for_webdock_server SERVER_SLUG [MAX_ATTEMPTS]
+_wait_for_webdock_server() {
+    local server_slug="$1"
+    local max_attempts=${2:-60}
+    generic_wait_for_instance webdock_api "/servers/${server_slug}" \
+        "online" \
+        "d['status']" \
+        "d['ipv4']" \
+        WEBDOCK_SERVER_IP "Server" "${max_attempts}"
+}
+
+create_server() {
+    local name="$1"
+    local slug="${name}"
+    local location_id="${WEBDOCK_LOCATION:-fi}"
+    local profile_slug="${WEBDOCK_PROFILE:-webdockmicro}"
+    local image_slug="${WEBDOCK_IMAGE:-ubuntu2404}"
+
+    # Validate env var inputs to prevent injection into Python code
+    validate_resource_name "$location_id" || { log_error "Invalid WEBDOCK_LOCATION"; return 1; }
+    validate_resource_name "$profile_slug" || { log_error "Invalid WEBDOCK_PROFILE"; return 1; }
+    validate_resource_name "$image_slug" || { log_error "Invalid WEBDOCK_IMAGE"; return 1; }
+    validate_resource_name "$slug" || { log_error "Invalid server slug"; return 1; }
+
+    log_step "Creating Webdock server '$name' (profile: $profile_slug, location: $location_id)..."
+
+    # Get all SSH public key IDs
+    local public_keys_response
+    public_keys_response=$(webdock_api GET "/account/publicKeys")
+    local public_key_ids
+    public_key_ids=$(echo "$public_keys_response" | python3 -c "
+import json, sys
+data = json.loads(sys.stdin.read())
+if isinstance(data, list):
+    ids = [k['id'] for k in data if 'id' in k]
+else:
+    ids = []
+print(json.dumps(ids))
+" 2>/dev/null || echo "[]")
+
+    local body
+    body=$(_webdock_build_server_body "$name" "$slug" "$location_id" "$profile_slug" "$image_slug" "$public_key_ids")
+
+    local response
+    response=$(webdock_api POST "/servers" "$body")
+
+    if echo "$response" | grep -q '"slug"'; then
+        WEBDOCK_SERVER_SLUG=$(echo "$response" | python3 -c "import json,sys; print(json.loads(sys.stdin.read())['slug'])")
+        export WEBDOCK_SERVER_SLUG
+        log_info "Server created: slug=$WEBDOCK_SERVER_SLUG"
+    else
+        log_error "Failed to create Webdock server"
+        log_error "API Error: $(extract_api_error_message "$response" "$response")"
+        log_warn "Common issues:"
+        log_warn "  - Insufficient account balance"
+        log_warn "  - Profile/location unavailable (try different WEBDOCK_PROFILE or WEBDOCK_LOCATION)"
+        log_warn "  - Server limit reached"
+        log_warn "  - Slug already in use"
+        log_warn "Check your dashboard: https://my.webdock.io/"
+        return 1
+    fi
+
+    _wait_for_webdock_server "$WEBDOCK_SERVER_SLUG"
+}
+
+# SSH operations — delegates to shared helpers (SSH_USER defaults to root)
+verify_server_connectivity() { ssh_verify_connectivity "$@"; }
+run_server() { ssh_run_server "$@"; }
+upload_file() { ssh_upload_file "$@"; }
+interactive_session() { ssh_interactive_session "$@"; }
+
+destroy_server() {
+    local server_slug="$1"
+    log_step "Destroying server $server_slug..."
+    webdock_api DELETE "/servers/$server_slug"
+    log_info "Server $server_slug destroyed"
+}
+
+list_servers() {
+    local response
+    response=$(webdock_api GET "/servers")
+    python3 -c "
+import json, sys
+data = json.loads(sys.stdin.read())
+servers = data if isinstance(data, list) else []
+if not servers:
+    print('No servers found')
+    sys.exit(0)
+print(f\"{'NAME':<25} {'SLUG':<25} {'STATUS':<12} {'IP':<16} {'PROFILE':<20}\")
+print('-' * 98)
+for s in servers:
+    name = s.get('name', 'N/A')
+    slug = s['slug']
+    status = s.get('status', 'N/A')
+    ip = s.get('ipv4', 'N/A')
+    profile = s.get('profileSlug', 'N/A')
+    print(f'{name:<25} {slug:<25} {status:<12} {ip:<16} {profile:<20}')
+" <<< "$response"
+}