diff --git a/paimon-core/src/main/java/org/apache/paimon/table/source/DataTableBatchScan.java b/paimon-core/src/main/java/org/apache/paimon/table/source/DataTableBatchScan.java
index 7d528db6c347..634c95e6eaaa 100644
--- a/paimon-core/src/main/java/org/apache/paimon/table/source/DataTableBatchScan.java
+++ b/paimon-core/src/main/java/org/apache/paimon/table/source/DataTableBatchScan.java
@@ -188,9 +188,11 @@ private Optional<StartingScanner.Result> applyPushDownLimit() {
     }
 
     private Optional<StartingScanner.Result> applyPushDownTopN() {
-        // Auth drops rows at read time, so split-level TopN pruning could drop authorized rows.
+        // A read-time filter (WHERE or auth) drops rows after split pruning, so split-level TopN
+        // pruning could keep too few splits. Skip it when either is present.
         if (topN == null
                 || pushDownLimit != null
+                || snapshotReader.hasNonPartitionFilter()
                 || authHasNonPartitionFilter
                 || !schema.primaryKeys().isEmpty()) {
             return Optional.empty();
diff --git a/paimon-core/src/test/java/org/apache/paimon/table/source/TableScanTest.java b/paimon-core/src/test/java/org/apache/paimon/table/source/TableScanTest.java
index 6c25574b0215..cd417058a8d4 100644
--- a/paimon-core/src/test/java/org/apache/paimon/table/source/TableScanTest.java
+++ b/paimon-core/src/test/java/org/apache/paimon/table/source/TableScanTest.java
@@ -421,6 +421,25 @@ public void testPushDownTopN() throws Exception {
                 .isEqualTo(60);
         assertThat(((DataSplit) splits2.get(2)).nullCount(field.id(), evolutions)).isEqualTo(2);
 
+        // A non-partition filter must disable TopN pushdown, else it prunes splits by sort-column
+        // stats unaware the filter removes rows. "b" >= 0 matches every row, so all 9 splits are
+        // kept instead of pruned to 3.
+        PredicateBuilder builder = new PredicateBuilder(table.rowType());
+        TableScan.Plan planWithFilter =
+                table.newScan()
+                        .withFilter(builder.greaterOrEqual(2, 0L))
+                        .withTopN(new TopN(ref, ASCENDING, NULLS_FIRST, 1))
+                        .plan();
+        assertThat(planWithFilter.splits().size()).isEqualTo(9);
+
+        // A partition-only filter keeps TopN pushdown enabled (surviving rows all pass): still 3.
+        TableScan.Plan planWithPartitionFilter =
+                table.newScan()
+                        .withFilter(builder.greaterOrEqual(0, 0))
+                        .withTopN(new TopN(ref, ASCENDING, NULLS_FIRST, 1))
+                        .plan();
+        assertThat(planWithPartitionFilter.splits().size()).isEqualTo(3);
+
         // with bottom1 null last
         TableScan.Plan plan3 =
                 table.newScan().withTopN(new TopN(ref, ASCENDING, NULLS_LAST, 1)).plan();