nested_brackets.py

"""
The nested brackets problem is a problem that determines if a sequence of
brackets are properly nested. A sequence of brackets s is considered properly nested
if any of the following conditions are true:

 - s is empty
 - s has the form (U) or [U] or {U} where U is a properly nested string
 - s has the form VW where V and W are properly nested strings

For example, the string "()()[()]" is properly nested but "[(()]" is not.

The function called is_balanced takes as input a string S which is a sequence of
brackets and returns true if S is nested and false otherwise.
"""


def is_balanced(s):

 stack = []
 open_brackets = set({"(", "[", "{"})
 closed_brackets = set({")", "]", "}"})
 open_to_closed = dict({"{": "}", "[": "]", "(": ")"})

 for i in range(len(s)):

 if s[i] in open_brackets:
 stack.append(s[i])

 elif s[i] in closed_brackets:
 if len(stack) == 0 or (
 len(stack) > 0 and open_to_closed[stack.pop()] != s[i]
 ):
 return False

 return len(stack) == 0


def main():
 s = input("Enter sequence of brackets: ")
 if is_balanced(s):
 print(s, "is balanced")
 else:
 print(s, "is not balanced")


if __name__ == "__main__":
 main()