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OpenAgentPack targets multiple agent platforms behind one declarative config. Each platform is a provider. The same agents.yaml can deploy to any of them; capability differences are handled per provider.
| Feature | Bailian | Qoder | Claude | Volcengine Ark | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Environment | native | native | native | native | All four providers expose cloud environments. |
| Vault | native | native | native | native | Bailian and Qoder manage credentials through their vault APIs. |
| Skill | native | native | native | native | Claude uploads via files[]; the other providers upload zip archives. Volcengine Ark is create + attach only. |
| Agent | native | native | native | native | Core managed-agent resource. |
| MCP Server | native | native | native | native | Bailian uses official managed servers referenced by name. |
| Memory Store | unsupported | native | native | native | Qoder, Claude (beta), and Ark adapters implement the complete upstream lifecycle. |
| Multi-Agent | unsupported | unsupported | native | native | Coordinator topology is available on Claude and Volcengine Ark. |
| Deployment | native | native | native | emulated | Bailian, Qoder, and Claude use native deployments; Ark expands a deployment into a session at run time. |
| Session | native | native | native | native | Runtime sessions are native on every provider. |
- native — the provider supports the feature directly.
- emulated — OpenAgentPack reproduces the behavior on top of primitives the provider does have.
- unsupported — declaring the feature for that provider is a validation error with remediation guidance.
This matrix is verified against the SDK capability declarations in packages/sdk/src/internal/providers/*/capabilities.ts by scripts/provider-docs.test.ts.
The resource matrix above answers whether a declaration can be applied. The table below answers a different question: which optional workflows the current OpenAgentPack adapter actually implements. It is intentionally scoped to this repository, rather than every feature a provider may advertise.
| Adapter workflow | Bailian | Qoder | Claude | Volcengine Ark | Implementation notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| List agents, environments, and vaults | yes | yes | yes | yes | Powers resource discovery in the Web UI. |
Export resources to YAML (sync) | yes | yes | yes | limited | Ark cannot enumerate skills, so skill export is skipped. |
| Full drift comparison | Environment, Agent | Environment, Agent | no | no | Other supported resources degrade to existence checks; deployment content is never compared. |
| List uploaded files | yes | yes | yes | yes | File upload, metadata lookup, and deletion are also implemented by all adapters. |
| Resolve artifact download URL | no | yes | no | no | Qoder exposes a short-lived file content URL. |
| List skills | yes | yes | yes | no | Ark supports lookup by ID, but its adapter cannot enumerate skills. |
Download skill source during sync | no | no | yes | no | Only Claude currently materializes remote skill packages locally. |
| Non-blocking skill creation for Web UI polling | yes | no | no | no | Bailian can create from an uploaded file ID and let the UI poll scan status. |
| List provider models | no | yes | yes | no | Used for model selection where a provider exposes a model catalog. |
| Stream and page session events | yes | yes | yes | yes | All adapters normalize provider events to the shared session event shape. |
| Resume event stream from send cursor | no | yes | no | no | Qoder returns an event cursor; the others connect before sending to avoid missed events. |
yes means the corresponding optional ProviderAdapter facet is implemented. no means OpenAgentPack currently soft-degrades that workflow; it does not necessarily mean the upstream platform can never support it. limited means the workflow is implemented with the restriction described in the notes.
- Bailian: skill upload uses the Files API and supports scan-status polling; agent updates create provider-side versions. Official MCP servers are referenced by name. Deployments are native, with server-side cron schedules, manual runs, and pause/unpause.
- Qoder: tool names are translated from the lowercase config vocabulary to PascalCase. Session sends return a cursor, enabling resumable event consumption. Deployments are native and support manual or scheduled runs.
- Claude: deployments are native, including their server-side lifecycle. It is currently the only adapter that downloads remote skill packages during
sync. - Volcengine Ark: skills are create + get + attach only in the API behavior verified by this project. Updates re-upload a new skill; list and in-place update are unavailable; deletion is best-effort. Deployment is emulated as a session.
Last reviewed: 2026-07-17. The evidence labels below deliberately separate upstream product capability from OpenAgentPack support.
| Area | Claude Managed Agents (official) | Claude adapter | Volcengine Ark (official/public) | Ark adapter |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| API status and protocol | Direct Claude API is GA for Messages/Models; Managed Agents, Files, and Skills are beta and require managed-agents-2026-04-01 where applicable | Sends that beta header to api.anthropic.com/v1 | Official Managed Agents API under /api/v3, authenticated with a Bearer API Key | Uses the documented base URL and wire shapes |
| Stateful sessions | Server-side history, sandbox state, event send/stream, interruption, and resume | Create/list/get/delete, send, SSE stream, and paged event history | Official APIs cover session CRUD, event send/list/stream, resources, and multi-agent threads | Create/list/get/delete, send, SSE stream, and paged event history; session update/resources/threads are not exposed |
| Environment | Isolated cloud sandbox per session; reusable environment config, package cache, and network policy | CRUD and list implemented | Official create/list/get/update/delete endpoints | CRUD/list implemented and existence drift checked |
| Skills | Built-in Anthropic skills plus custom zip or individual-file uploads; max 20 per session | CRUD/list/get/download implemented; adapter uploads files[] | Official documentation currently lists create and get only | Create/get/attach implemented; update recreates; list/delete are unavailable upstream |
| Multi-agent | Coordinator delegates to persistent, context-isolated threads sharing sandbox/files/vaults | Coordinator topology implemented | Agent schema includes multiagent; Session APIs expose thread list/detail/events/stream | Coordinator topology implemented; thread inspection is not exposed through ProviderAdapter |
| Deployment | Native scheduled deployments with cron/timezone and run history | Native lifecycle and run implemented | The official Managed Agents API catalog contains no Deployment resource | Emulated locally and expanded into a Session at run time |
| Memory Store | Store CRUD/archive, memory CRUD, optimistic concurrency, immutable versions and redaction are implemented; paths are normalized from Claude's absolute form | Store CRUD, memory CRUD, Session binding, versions and redaction are implemented behind agent-memory-2026-07-22 | Store CRUD plus memory create/batch-create/list/get/update/delete are implemented | Full upstream surface is implemented; Ark is last-write-wins and does not expose version APIs |
Primary references: Claude API overview, Claude Managed Agents overview, sessions and event streaming, skills, multi-agent sessions, scheduled deployments, memory stores, and the Volcengine Ark Managed Agents API reference.
The Ark API catalog confirms an important distinction for maintainers: some upstream operations are not yet represented in ProviderAdapter (session update/resources/threads, vault update and credential lifecycle, full Memory Store operations), while the narrow Skill lifecycle is an upstream limitation rather than merely missing adapter work.
When adding a provider or optional adapter method:
- Update its
capabilities.tsfor resource-level support and implement the required lifecycle methods. - Re-check optional methods in
ProviderAdapter(listing, sync/export, drift, files, skills, models, and session-event resume) and update this matrix. - Record API limitations in adapter comments with the endpoint or observed behavior; distinguish upstream limitations from missing OpenAgentPack work.
- Run
bun test scripts/provider-docs.test.ts. The test verifies both the resource matrix and the optional-method rows against adapter prototypes.
Use these links as the starting point when refreshing the capability matrix or adding a provider method. Prefer official product/API pages over inferred behavior from this repository.
| Provider | Primary source | Useful follow-up sources | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bailian | Managed Agents quickstart | Model Studio docs root, single-agent application guide | Managed Agents quickstart shows the /api/v1/agentstudio endpoint family used by this adapter. |
| Qoder | Cloud Agents API overview | Cloud Agents overview, Agent Skills, Cloud Agents marketplace skill | API docs are the canonical source for gateway URL, headers, resources, pagination, and event streaming. |
| Claude | Claude API overview | Managed Agents overview, events and streaming, skills, multi-agent sessions, scheduled deployments, memory stores | API overview gives GA/beta status; Managed Agents pages give resource-specific behavior. |
| Volcengine Ark | Managed Agents API reference | Ark documentation center, API key management | The console API reference is the source for /api/v3 resources and confirms that Deployment is not a first-class resource. |
providers:
bailian:
api_key: ${DASHSCOPE_API_KEY}workspace_id: ${BAILIAN_WORKSPACE_ID}# base_url is derived from workspace_id when omitted:# https://<workspace_id>.cn-beijing.maas.aliyuncs.com/api/v1/agentstudioproviders:
qoder:
api_key: ${QODER_PAT}gateway: "https://api.qoder.com/api/v1/cloud"# optional; this is the defaultproviders:
claude:
api_key: ${ANTHROPIC_API_KEY}beta: "..."# optionalproviders:
ark:
api_key: ${ARK_API_KEY}Built-in tools are always written lowercase in config. Bailian and Claude use lowercase natively; Qoder uses PascalCase. OpenAgentPack translates automatically when applying to Qoder.
| Function | Config (lowercase) | Qoder native |
|---|---|---|
| Read file | read | Read |
| Find files | glob | Glob |
| Search content | grep | Grep |
| Fetch web page | web_fetch | WebFetch |
| Web search | web_search | WebSearch |
| Write file | write | Write |
| Edit file | edit | Edit |
| Shell | bash | Bash |
defaults.provider sets the default target. Set it to a single provider name, or to all to manage every declared provider from one config. On any command you can override with --provider <name>:
agents plan --provider claude
agents apply --provider qoderDeclare more than one provider and the same agent can be deployed to each. See examples/claude/multi-provider/ for a multi-provider project, and the provider-specific directories under examples/ for complete configurations.