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<!DOCTYPE html>
<htmllang="en">
<head>
<metacharset="utf-8" />
<metahttp-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1" />
<title>Accessible HTML Content Patterns</title>
<metaname="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
</head>
<body>
<!-- Start of #section-project-link -->
<asideid="section-project-link">
<ahref="https://github.com/ericwbailey/accessible-html-content-patterns">
<svgaria-labelledby="project-title project-description" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="80" height="80" viewBox="0 0 250 250" fill="#ffffff" role="img" style="position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0">
<titleid="project-title" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px;">View project repository on GitHub</title>
<!--[if !IE]> --><descid="project-description" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px;">A ribbon banner featuring a silhouette of GitHub's logo, the Octocat.</desc><!-- <![endif]-->
<pathd="M0 0l115 115h15l12 27 108 108V0z" fill="#000000"/>
<pathclass="octo-arm" d="M128 109c-15-9-9-19-9-19 3-7 2-11 2-11-1-7 3-2 3-2 4 5 2 11 2 11-3 10 5 15 9 16" style="-webkit-transform-origin: 130px 106px; transform-origin: 130px 106px"/>
<pathclass="octo-body" d="M115 115s4 2 5 0l14-14c3-2 6-3 8-3-8-11-15-24 2-41 5-5 10-7 16-7 1-2 3-7 12-11 0 0 5 3 7 16 4 2 8 5 12 9s7 8 9 12c14 3 17 7 17 7-4 8-9 11-11 11 0 6-2 11-7 16-16 16-30 10-41 2 0 3-1 7-5 11l-12 11c-1 1 1 5 1 5z"/>
</svg>
</a>
</aside>
<!-- End of #section-project-link -->
<!-- Start of #section-table-of-contents -->
<navid="section-table-of-contents" aria-labelledby="title-table-of-contents">
<h1>Accessible HTML Content Patterns</h1>
<h2id="title-table-of-contents">Table of Contents</h2>
<ol>
<li><ahref="#section-about">About</a></li>
<li><ahref="#section-headings">Headings</a></li>
<li><ahref="#section-text-level">Text-level</a>
<ol>
<li><ahref="#subsection-content">Content</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-lists">Lists</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-links">Links</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-code">Code</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-symbols">Symbols</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-emoji">Emoji</a></li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><ahref="#section-tables">Tables</a></li>
<li><ahref="#section-interactive">Interactive</a>
<ol>
<li><ahref="#subsection-details">Details</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-dialog">Dialog</a></li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><ahref="#section-embedded">Embedded</a>
<ol>
<li><ahref="#subsection-image">Image</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-broken-image">Broken Image</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-figure-with-caption">Figure with Caption</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-inline-svg">Inline <abbr>SVG</abbr></a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-picture">Picture</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-image-with-srcset-and-sizes">Image with Srcset and Sizes</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-iframe">Iframe</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-audio">Audio</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-video">Video</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-object">Object</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-canvas">Canvas</a></li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><ahref="#section-forms">Forms</a>
<ol>
<li><ahref="#subsection-text-input">Text Input</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-non-text-input">Non-text Input</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-select">Select</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-checkboxes-and-radios">Checkboxes and Radio Buttons</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-buttons">Buttons</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-output">Output</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-lockup">Lockup</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-states-and-validation">States and Validation</a></li>
<li><ahref="#subsection-autocomplete">Autocomplete</a></li>
</ol>
</li>
<li><ahref="#section-credit">Credit</a></li>
</ol>
</nav>
<!-- End of #section-table-of-contents -->
<hr/>
<!-- Start of #section-about -->
<asideid="section-about" aria-labelledby="title-about">
<h2id="title-about">About</h2>
<p>
Accessible, semantic markup patterns for HTML content. Uses the full <arel="external noopener" href="http://html5doctor.com/element-index/"><cite>HTML5 Doctor Element Index</cite></a>, minus the <codetranslate="no"><command></code> and <codetranslate="no"><menu></code> tags.
</p>
<p>
Reference <arel="external noopener" href="http://alistairduggin.co.uk/">Alistair Duggin</a>'s <arel="external noopener" href="http://aduggin.github.io/accessibility-fails/"><cite>Accessibility Fails</cite></a> for common markup pattern accessibility mistakes, and <arel="external noopener" href="http://pauljadam.com/">Paul J. Adam</a>'s <arel="external noopener" href="http://pauljadam.com/demos/landmarks.html"><cite>WAI-ARIA Landmarks Site Navigation Structure Demo</cite></a> for semantic, accessible page landmarks.
</p>
</aside>
<!-- End of #section-about -->
<hr/>
<!-- Start of #main -->
<mainid="main" tabindex="-1">
<!-- Start of #section-headings -->
<sectionid="section-headings" aria-labelledby="title-headings">
<h2id="title-headings">Headings</h2>
<h1>First Header h1</h1>
<p>
One morning, when Gregor Samsa woke from troubled dreams, he found himself transformed in his bed into a horrible vermin. He lay on his armour-like back, and if he lifted his head a little he could see his brown belly, slightly domed and divided by arches into stiff sections. The bedding was hardly able to cover it and seemed ready to slide off any moment. His many legs, pitifully thin compared with the size of the rest of him, waved about helplessly as he looked.
</p>
<h2>Second header h2</h2>
<p>
"What's happened to me?" he thought. It wasn't a dream. His room, a proper human room although a little too small, lay peacefully between its four familiar walls. A collection of textile samples lay spread out on the table - Samsa was a travelling salesman - and above it there hung a picture that he had recently cut out of an illustrated magazine and housed in a nice, gilded frame. It showed a lady fitted out with a fur hat and fur boa who sat upright, raising a heavy fur muff that covered the whole of her lower arm towards the viewer.
</p>
<h3>Third header h3</h3>
<p>
Gregor then turned to look out the window at the dull weather. Drops of rain could be heard hitting the pane, which made him feel quite sad. "How about if I sleep a little bit longer and forget all this nonsense", he thought, but that was something he was unable to do because he was used to sleeping on his right, and in his present state couldn't get into that position. However hard he threw himself onto his right, he always rolled back to where he was. He must have tried it a hundred times, shut his eyes so that he wouldn't have to look at the floundering legs, and only stopped when he began to feel a mild, dull pain there that he had never felt before.
</p>
<h4>Fourth header h4</h4>
<p>
"Oh, God", he thought, "what a strenuous career it is that I've chosen! Travelling day in and day out. Doing business like this takes much more effort than doing your own business at home, and on top of that there's the curse of travelling, worries about making train connections, bad and irregular food, contact with different people all the time so that you can never get to know anyone or become friendly with them. It can all go to Hell!" He felt a slight itch up on his belly; pushed himself slowly up on his back towards the headboard so that he could lift his head better; found where the itch was, and saw that it was covered with lots of little white spots which he didn't know what to make of; and when he tried to feel the place with one of his legs he drew it quickly back because as soon as he touched it he was overcome by a cold shudder.
</p>
<h5>Fifth header h5</h5>
<p>
He slid back into his former position. "Getting up early all the time", he thought, "it makes you stupid. You've got to get enough sleep. Other travelling salesmen live a life of luxury. For instance, whenever I go back to the guest house during the morning to copy out the contract, these gentlemen are always still sitting there eating their breakfasts. I ought to just try that with my boss; I'd get kicked out on the spot. But who knows, maybe that would be the best thing for me.
</p>
<h6>Sixth header h6</h6>
<p>
If I didn't have my parents to think about I'd have given in my notice a long time ago, I'd have gone up to the boss and told him just what I think, tell him everything I would, let him know just what I feel. He'd fall right off his desk! And it's a funny sort of business to be sitting up there at your desk, talking down at your subordinates from up there, especially when you have to go right up close because the boss is hard of hearing. Well, there's still some hope; once I've got the money together to pay off my parents' debt to him - another five or six years I suppose - that's definitely what I'll do. That's when I'll make the big change. First of all though, I've got to get up, my train leaves at five."
</p>
<h2id="title-subtitles">Subtitles</h2>
<h2>
Title<br/>
<span>Subtitle</span>
</h2>
<header>
<h2>Title</h2>
<p>Subtitle</p>
</header>
<header>
<h2>Title</h2>
<prole="doc-subtitle">Subtitle</p>
</header>
<h2id="notes-headings">Notes:</h2>
<ul>
<li><small>Ensure that headings create a logical order. Apply <abbr="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</abbr> classes to control visual presentation (e.g. <codetranslate="no"><h2 class="type-size-medium color-blue-dark">Our services</h2></code> ).</small></li>
<li><small><codetranslate="no">role="doc-subtitle"</code> is used to alternate title for the work, but still has limited support.</small></li>
</ul>
</section><!-- End of #section-headings -->
<hr/>
<!-- Start of #section-text-level -->
<sectionid="section-text-level" aria-labelledby="title-text-level">
<h2id="title-text-level">Text-level</h2>
<!-- Start of #subsection-content -->
<divid="subsection-content" aria-labelledby="subtitle-content">
<h3id="subtitle-content">Content</h3>
<p>
And he <em>looked</em> over at <strong>the alarm clock</strong>, ticking on the <i>chest</i> of <b>drawers</b>. "God in <u>Heaven</u>!" he <s>thought</s>. It was <small>half past six</small> and the <abbr>hands</abbr> were <q>quietly moving forwards</q>, it was even later <cite>than half past</cite>, more <dfn>like quarter to seven</dfn>. Had the <sub>alarm</sub> clock not <sup>rung</sup>? He <time>could</time> see from the <code>bed that it had been set</code> for four <kbd>o'clock</kbd> as it <samp>should</samp> have <var>been</var>; it <mark>certainly</mark> must have rung.
</p>
<blockquote>
<p>
"Yes, mother, yes, thank-you, I'm getting up now."
</p>
<footer>
<cite>Gregor Samsa</cite>
</footer>
</blockquote>
<p>
Yes, but was it <bdi>possible</bdi> to <bdo>quietly</bdo> sleep <ruby>through</ruby> that <rt>furniture-rattling</rt> noise? <rp>True</rp>, he <span>had not slept</span> peacefully, but <del>probably</del> all the more <ins>deeply</ins> because of that. What should he do now? The next train went at seven; if he were to catch that he would have to rush like mad and the collection of samples was still not packed, and he did not at all feel particularly fresh and lively.
</p>
<p>
The French phrase, <citelang="fr" translate="no">C'est le ton qui fait la chanson</cite>, might apply here.
</p>
<h4id="notes-ins-del">Notes:</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<small><codetranslate="no"><mark></code>, <codetranslate="no"><ins></code>, <codetranslate="no"><del></code>, and <codetranslate="no"><s></code> elements are not announced by screen readers. Consider <arel="external noopener" href="https://developer.paciellogroup.com/blog/2017/12/short-note-on-making-your-mark-more-accessible/">using CSS to indicate their presence</a>.</small>
</li>
<li>
<small>Use the <codetranslate="no">translate</code> attribute to control <arel="external noopener" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#the-translate-attribute">automatic translation by the browser</a>.</small>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- End of #subsection-content -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-links -->
<divid="subsection-links" aria-labelledby="subtitle-links">
<h3id="subtitle-links">Links</h3>
<p>
And even if he did catch the <ahref="#">train</a> he would not avoid his boss's anger as the <ahref="#" rel="external noopener">office assistant</a> would have been there to see the five o'clock train go, he would have put in his report about <ahref="https://twitter.com/twitter" rel="external noopener">Gregor</a>'s not being there a long time ago. The office assistant was the boss's man, spineless, and with no understanding. What about if he reported sick? But that would be <ahref="#">extremely strained and suspicious as in fifteen years of service Gregor had never once yet been ill</a>. His boss would certainly come round with the doctor from the medical insurance company, accuse his parents of having a lazy son, and accept the doctor's recommendation not to make any claim as the doctor believed that no-one was ever ill but that many were workshy. And what's more, would he have been entirely wrong in this case? Gregor did in fact, apart from excessive sleepiness after sleeping for so long, feel completely well and even felt much hungrier than usual.
</p>
<ahref="#">
<h2>Block-level link title</h2>
<p>
He was still hurriedly thinking all this through, unable to decide to get out of the bed, when the clock struck quarter to seven. There was a cautious knock at the door near his head. "Gregor", somebody called - it was his mother - "it's quarter to seven. Didn't you want to go somewhere?
</p>
</a>
</div>
<!-- End of #subsection-links -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-lists -->
<divid="subsection-lists" aria-labelledby="subtitle-lists">
<h3id="subtitle-lists">Lists</h3>
<h4>Unordered List</h4>
<ul>
<li>Apple</li>
<li>Apricot</li>
<li>Avocado
<ul>
<li>Fuerte</li>
<li>Gwen</li>
<li>Hass</li>
<li>Pinkerton</li>
<li>Reed</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Banana
<ol>
<li>Cavendish</li>
<li>Red Dacca</li>
<li>Gros Michel</li>
<li>East African Highland</li>
<li>Bodles Altafort</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Bilberry</li>
<li>Blackberry</li>
<li>Blackcurrant</li>
</ul>
<h5id="notes-lists">Notes:</h5>
<p>
<small>VoiceOver will not <arel="external noopener" href="https://unfetteredthoughts.net/2017/09/26/voiceover-and-list-style-type-none/">announce unordered lists properly when either the list-style-type is set to none or display is set to inline</a>.</small>
</p>
<h4>Ordered List</h4>
<ol>
<li>Alabama</li>
<li>Alaska</li>
<li>Arizona
<ul>
<li>Phoenix</li>
<li>Tucson</li>
<li>Mesa</li>
<li>Chandler</li>
<li>Glendale</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Arkansas</li>
<li>California</li>
<li>Colorado</li>
<li>Connecticut
<ol>
<li>Bridgeport</li>
<li>New Haven</li>
<li>Hartford</li>
<li>Stamford</li>
<li>Waterbury</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Delaware </li>
<li>Florida</li>
<li>Georgia</li>
</ol>
<h4>Definition List</h4>
<dl>
<dt>Alternate Character/Glyph</dt>
<dd>
A non-standard (sometimes decorative) variation of a character that comes as an extra option with a font file.
</dd>
<dt>Baseline</dt>
<dd>
The imaginary line on which most letters and other characters sit.
</dd>
<dt>Character</dt>
<dd>
An individual symbol of the full character set that makes up a typeface; may take the form of a letter, number, punctuation mark, etc.
</dd>
<dt>Serif</dt>
<dd>
A short line or stroke attached to or extending from the open ends of a letterform; also refers to the general category of typefaces that have been designed with this feature.
</dd>
<dt>Sans-Serif</dt>
<dd>
Literally “without line”; the general category of typefaces (or an individual typeface) designed without serifs.
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<!-- End of #subsection-lists -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-code -->
<divid="subsection-code" aria-labelledby="subtitle-code">
<h3id="subtitle-code">Code</h3>
<codetranslate="no">
<pre>
sudo ipfw pipe 1 config bw 256KByte/s
sudo ipfw add 1 pipe 1 src-port 3000
</pre>
</code>
<samptranslate="no">
<pre>
~/Sites/boilerplate
❦ ☢ ☭ ☂ ♞
$ <kbd>ls -gto</kbd>
total 88
-rw-r--r-- 1 eric staff 6148 Mar 24 11:50 .DS_Store
drwxr-xr-x 9 eric staff 306 Mar 24 13:36 .git/
-rw-rw-r-- 1 eric staff 862 Oct 13 14:38 .gitignore
-rw-r--r-- 1 eric staff 472 Feb 22 20:58 .htmlhintrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 eric staff 1068 Mar 24 10:57 LICENSE
-rw-r--r-- 1 eric staff 4865 Mar 24 13:34 README.md
-rw-r--r-- 1 eric staff 58601 Mar 24 11:50 index.html
</pre>
</samp>
<h4id="notes-code">Notes:</h4>
<p>
<small>Apply <codetranslate="no">translate="no"</code> to markup that contains code examples to prevent keywords from being automatically translated.</small>
</p>
</div>
<!-- End of #subsection-code -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-symbols -->
<divid="subsection-symbols" aria-labelledby="subtitle-symbols">
<h3id="subtitle-symbols">Symbols</h3>
<ul>
<li>+</li>
<li>−</li>
<li>±</li>
<li>÷</li>
<li>×</li>
<li><</li>
<li>≤</li>
<li>></li>
<li>≥</li>
<li>=</li>
<li>≈</li>
<li>≠</li>
</ul>
<h4id="notes-symbols">Notes:</h4>
<p>
<small>Certain screen readers will not <arel="external noopener" href="http://www.deque.com/blog/dont-screen-readers-read-whats-screen-part-1-punctuation-typographic-symbols/">read certain symbols out loud</a>. Use <codetranslate="no">role="definition"</code> in conjunction with <codetranslate="no">aria-label</code> to ensure the symbol is read. Use this technique with caution and discretion, as it will affect how the symbol is rendered by things like Braille readers.</small>
</p>
</div>
<!-- End of #subsection-symbols -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-emoji -->
<divid="subsection-emoji" aria-labelledby="subtitle-emoji">
<h3id="subtitle-emoji">Emoji</h3>
<ul>
<li>😺</li>
<li>🎩</li>
<li>⛄️</li>
<li>🍺</li>
<li><spanrole="img" aria-label="A butt.">🍑</span></li>
</ul>
<h4id="notes-emoji">Notes:</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<small>Certain screen readers will not <arel="external noopener" href="http://www.deque.com/blog/dont-screen-readers-read-whats-screen-part-1-punctuation-typographic-symbols/">read certain symbols out loud</a>. Use <codetranslate="no">role="definition"</code> in conjunction with <codetranslate="no">aria-label</code> to ensure the symbol is read. Use this technique with caution and discretion, as it will affect how the symbol is rendered by things like Braille readers.</small>
</li>
<li>
<small>Use <codetranslate="no">role="img"</code> in conjunction with <codetranslate="no">aria-label</code> to <arel="external noopener" href="https://tink.uk/accessible-emoji/">expose an emoji as an image in the accessibility tree</a>, with the label providing author intent.</small>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- End of #subsection-emoji -->
</section>
<!-- End of #section-text-level -->
<hr/>
<!-- Start of #section-tables -->
<sectionid="section-tables" aria-labelledby="title-tables">
<h2id="title-tables">Tables</h2>
<table>
<caption>
Academy Awards for Best Picture
<spanclass="table__summary">Descriptions of the film title, production company(s), and producers for the years 1980-1989.</span>
</caption>
<colgroup>
<col/>
<col/>
<colspan="2" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<thscope="col">Film</th>
<thscope="col">Year</th>
<thscope="col">Production Company(s)</th>
<thscope="col">Producer(s)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<thscope="row">Ordinary People</th>
<td>1980</td>
<td>Paramount</td>
<td>Ronald L. Schwary</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<thscope="row">Chariots of Fire</th>
<td>1981</td>
<td>Enigma Film Productions</td>
<td>David Puttnam</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<thscope="row">Gandhi</th>
<td>1982</td>
<td>Columbia</td>
<td>Richard Attenborough</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<thscope="row">Terms of Endearment</th>
<td>1983</td>
<td>Paramount</td>
<td>James L. Brooks</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<thscope="row">Amadeus</th>
<td>1984</td>
<td>Orion</td>
<td>Saul Zaentz</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<thscope="row">Out of Africa</th>
<td>1985</td>
<td>Universal, Mirage Enterprises</td>
<td>Sydney Pollack</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<thscope="row">Platoon</th>
<td>1986</td>
<td>Orion, Hemdale</td>
<td>Arnold Kopelson</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<thscope="row">The Last Emperor</th>
<td>1987</td>
<td>Recorded Picture Company, Yanco Films, TAO Films, AAA, Soprofilms</td>
<td>Jeremy Thomas</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<thscope="row">Rain Man</th>
<td>1988</td>
<td>United Artists</td>
<td>Mark Johnson</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<thscope="row">Driving Miss Daisy</th>
<td>1989</td>
<td>Warner Bros.</td>
<td>Richard D. Zanuck, Lili Fini Zanuck</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<tdcolspan="4">For the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years.</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
<h3id="notes-tables">Notes:</h3>
<p>
<small>Use <codetranslate="no">id</code> and <codetranslate="no">header</code> attributes for tables with complicated markup (colspans, row headers, etc.).</small>
</p>
</section>
<!-- End of #section-tables -->
<hr/>
<!-- Start of #section-interactive -->
<sectionid="section-interactive" aria-labelledby="title-interactive">
<h2id="title-interactive">Interactive</h2>
<!-- Start of #subsection-details -->
<h3id="subsection-details">Details</h3>
<details>
<summary>What payment options do you accept?</summary>
<p>We accept cash, Visa, American Express, money orders, and personal checks.</p>
</details>
<h4id="notes-details">Notes:</h4>
<p>
<small>The <codetranslate="no">details</code> element is currently not supported by Microsoft Edge or Internet Explorer. These browsers will <arel="external noopener" href="https://css-tricks.com/quick-reminder-that-details-summary-is-the-easiest-way-ever-to-make-an-accordion/">display the content in an opened state</a>, as if the <codetranslate="no">open</code> attribute was applied.</small>
</p>
<!-- End of #subsection-details -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-dialog -->
<h3id="subsection-dialog">Dialog</h3>
<dialog
open
id="dialog">
<h2>This is a dialog title</h2>
<p>This is dialog content.</p>
<buttontype="button">
Close
</button>
</dialog>
<h4id="notes-dialog">Notes:</h4>
<p>
<small>The <codetranslate="no">dialog</code>'s interactivity needs to be controlled with JavaScript.</small>
</p>
<!-- End of #subsection-dialog -->
</section>
<!-- End of #section-interactive -->
<hr/>
<!-- Start of #section-embedded -->
<sectionid="section-embedded" aria-labelledby="title-embedded">
<h2id="title-embedded">Embedded</h2>
<!-- Start of #subsection-image -->
<h3id="subsection-image">Image</h3>
<img
src="http://placehold.it/600x400?text=Image+Example"
alt="Image Example" />
<!-- End of #subsection-image -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-broken-image -->
<h3id="subsection-broken-image">Broken Image</h3>
<img
src="nope"
alt="Broken Image" />
<!-- End of #subsection-broken-image -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-figure-with-caption -->
<h3id="subsection-figure-with-caption">Figure with Caption</h3>
<figure>
<img
src="http://placehold.it/400x250?text=Figure+Example"
alt="Figure Example" />
<figcaption>
An example figure caption.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<!-- End of #subsection-figure-with-caption -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-inline-svg -->
<h3id="subsection-inline-svg">Inline SVG</h3>
<figure>
<svg
aria-labelledby="svg-title svg-description"
role="img"
focusable="false"
height="162"
width="168"
viewBox="0 0 28 27"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<titleid="svg-title">A crab</title>
<!--[if !IE]> --><descid="svg-description">A solid black illustration of a crab.</desc><!-- <![endif]-->
<pathfill="#000000" d="M28.044,16.791 C26.087,18.748 23.728,18.633 22.257,18.285 C22.405,17.861 22.53,17.441 22.632,17.033 C22.798,17.043 22.961,17.058 23.139,17.058 C25.093,17.058 27.603,16.308 28.96,12.913 C29.075,12.626 28.935,12.3 28.647,12.186 C28.362,12.071 28.034,12.209 27.919,12.497 C26.723,15.487 24.497,16.018 22.852,15.946 C22.905,15.626 22.946,15.317 22.968,15.032 C23.967,14.782 29.374,11.151 28.999,5.999 C28.773,2.892 25.811,-0.282 22.245,0.753 C22.561,0.915 25.731,2.304 24.933,6.958 C24.933,6.958 21.65,5.677 21.27,2.999 C21.27,2.999 18.375,6.958 24.19,11.329 C24.19,11.329 22.142,13.261 19.046,11.12 C18.826,10.911 18.598,10.718 18.36,10.54 L18.36,9 L17.24,9 L17.24,9.869 C16.538,9.541 15.786,10.08 15,10.08 C14.214,10.08 13.462,9.541 12.761,9.869 L12.761,9 L11.641,9 L11.641,10.541 C11.402,10.719 11.173,10.912 10.953,11.121 C7.858,13.262 5.81,11.33 5.81,11.33 C11.624,6.959 8.729,3 8.729,3 C8.349,5.678 5.067,6.959 5.067,6.959 C4.267,2.305 7.437,0.916 7.753,0.754 C4.187,-0.281 1.226,2.893 0.999,6 C0.624,11.152 6.031,14.783 7.03,15.033 C7.053,15.318 7.094,15.627 7.146,15.947 C5.501,16.019 3.275,15.488 2.079,12.498 C1.965,12.211 1.637,12.072 1.351,12.187 C1.064,12.3 0.924,12.626 1.038,12.914 C2.395,16.309 4.906,17.059 6.859,17.059 C7.037,17.059 7.2,17.043 7.366,17.034 C7.468,17.442 7.594,17.862 7.741,18.286 C6.27,18.634 3.911,18.749 1.954,16.792 C1.735,16.573 1.381,16.573 1.162,16.792 C0.943,17.011 0.943,17.364 1.162,17.583 C2.721,19.142 4.511,19.587 6.043,19.587 C6.845,19.587 7.561,19.462 8.151,19.316 C8.233,19.5 8.317,19.681 8.409,19.861 C6.471,20.74 4.358,22.316 4.358,25.029 C4.358,25.338 4.609,25.588 4.917,25.588 C5.227,25.588 5.478,25.338 5.478,25.029 C5.478,22.9 7.272,21.609 8.938,20.863 C9.049,21.045 9.182,21.213 9.332,21.369 C9.434,21.506 9.543,21.639 9.652,21.769 C8.879,22.156 8.108,22.73 7.851,23.576 C7.572,24.502 7.958,25.502 9.001,26.545 C9.11,26.654 9.254,26.709 9.397,26.709 C9.541,26.709 9.683,26.654 9.793,26.545 C10.012,26.326 10.012,25.971 9.793,25.752 C9.064,25.023 8.772,24.4 8.923,23.902 C9.09,23.345 9.783,22.918 10.465,22.629 C11.622,23.666 13.111,24.356 14.997,24.356 C16.883,24.356 18.372,23.667 19.53,22.629 C20.212,22.918 20.904,23.346 21.071,23.902 C21.222,24.4 20.929,25.023 20.201,25.752 C19.982,25.971 19.982,26.326 20.201,26.545 C20.31,26.654 20.454,26.709 20.596,26.709 C20.74,26.709 20.883,26.654 20.992,26.545 C22.036,25.502 22.423,24.502 22.142,23.576 C21.885,22.73 21.114,22.156 20.341,21.769 C20.45,21.638 20.56,21.505 20.661,21.369 C20.81,21.213 20.944,21.045 21.055,20.863 C22.722,21.609 24.515,22.9 24.515,25.029 C24.515,25.338 24.766,25.588 25.076,25.588 C25.386,25.588 25.636,25.338 25.636,25.029 C25.636,22.316 23.523,20.74 21.585,19.861 C21.677,19.681 21.762,19.5 21.843,19.316 C22.434,19.462 23.15,19.587 23.951,19.587 C25.484,19.587 27.273,19.142 28.832,17.583 C29.051,17.364 29.051,17.011 28.832,16.792 C28.617,16.572 28.263,16.572 28.044,16.791 Z" transform="translate(-1)" opacity=".9"/>
</svg>
<figcaption>
<arel="external noopener" href="https://thenounproject.com/search/?q=crab&i=583446">Crab by Hea Poh Lin</a> from the Noun Project
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h3id="notes-inline-svg">Notes:</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<small>Be sure to provide values for the <codetranslate="no">height</code> and <codetranslate="no">width</code> attributes so <abbr>SVGs</abbr> won't expand to fill the page if styles don't load.</small>
</li>
<li>
<a>Different implementations of <abbr>SVG</abbr> have different approaches for being made accessible. Reference these articles by <arel="external noopener" href="https://css-tricks.com/accessible-svgs/"></a>Heather Migliorisi</a> and <arel="external noopener" href="https://www.deque.com/blog/creating-accessible-svgs/">Carie Fisher</a>.</small>
</li>
<li>
<small>Add whitespace around the <codetranslate="no">use</code> element in a <abbr>SVG</abbr> icon system to <arel="external noopener" href="http://simplyaccessible.com/article/7-solutions-svgs/#acc-heading-5">prevent a focus bug with Safari 10</a>.</small>
</li>
</ul>
<!-- End of #subsection-inline-svg -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-picture -->
<h3id="subsection-picture">Picture</h3>
<picture>
<source
media="(min-width: 40em)"
srcset="http://placehold.it/800x450/7ED321/ffffff/?text=1x+Source+w/Breakpoint+Example 1x,
http://placehold.it/800x600/7ED321/ffffff/?text=2x+Source+w/Breakpoint+Example 2x" />
<source
srcset="http://placehold.it/500x250/F5A623/ffffff/?text=1x+Source+Example 1x,
http://placehold.it/500x250/F5A623/ffffff/?text=2x+Source+Example 2x" />
<img
src="http://placehold.it/600x400?text=Img+Fallback"
alt="Picture Element" />
</picture>
<!-- End of #subsection-picture -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-image-with-srcset-and-sizes -->
<h3id="subsection-image-with-srcset-and-sizes">Image with Srcset and Sizes</h3>
<img
srcset="http://placehold.it/1024x768/7ED321/ffffff/?text=Large 1024w,
http://placehold.it/1024x768/F5A623/ffffff/?text=Medium 640w,
http://placehold.it/320x240/50E3C2/ffffff/?text=Small 320w"
sizes="(min-width: 36em) 50vw, 100vw"
src="http://placehold.it/600x400?text=Img+Fallback"
alt="Image with Srcset and Sizes Example" />
<!-- End of #subsection-image-with-srcset-and-sizes -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-iframe -->
<h3id="subsection-iframe">Iframe</h3>
<iframe
src="about:blank"
title="Example blank iframe"
name="iframe">
</iframe>
<!-- End of #subsection-iframe -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-audio -->
<h3id="subsection-audio">Audio</h3>
<audiocontrols>
<source
src="http://www.noiseaddicts.com/samples_1w72b820/4353.mp3"
type="audio/mp3" />
<source
src="http://www.noiseaddicts.com/samples_1w72b820/4353.ogg"
type="audio/ogg" />
<source
src="http://www.noiseaddicts.com/samples_1w72b820/4353.wav"
type="audio/wav" />
<track
src="http://www.noiseaddicts.com/samples_1w72b820/4353.wav/caption.en.vtt"
label="English"
srclang="en"
kind="captions" />
Your browser does not support the <codetranslate="no"><audio></code> element.
Please <arel="external noopener" href="http://browsehappy.com/">consider upgrading your browser</a> or <adownloadhref="http://www.noiseaddicts.com/samples_1w72b820/4353.mp3">download a file</a> for offline listening.
</audio>
<!-- End of #subsection-audio -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-video -->
<h3id="subsection-video">Video</h3>
<video
controls
poster="http://placehold.it/854x480?text=Video+Poster">
<source
src="http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/VfE_html5.mp4"
type="video/mp4" />
<source
src="http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/VfE.webm"
type="video/webm" />
<source
src="http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/VfE.ogv"
type="video/ogg" />
<track
src="https://archive.org/download/WebmVp8Vorbis/caption.en.vtt"
label="English"
srclang="en"
kind="captions" />
Your browser does not support the <codetranslate="no"><video></code> element.
Please <arel="external noopener" href="http://browsehappy.com/">consider upgrading your browser</a> or <adownloadhref="http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/VfE_html5.mp4">download a file</a> for offline viewing.
</video>
<h3id="notes-video">Notes:</h3>
<p>
<small>Accessibility errors concerning the video's missing audio description should go away once the <codetranslate="no"><track></code>'s source is linked to a valid caption file.</small>
</p>
<!-- End of #subsection-video -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-object -->
<h3id="subsection-object">Object</h3>
<object>
<param
name="movie"
value="http://www.youtube.com/v/pDHzK3Xe7Yw?fs=1&hl=en_GB">
</param>
<param
name="wmode"
value="window">
</param>
<param
name="allowFullScreen"
value="true">
</param>
<param
name="allowscriptaccess"
value="always">
</param>
<embed
src="http://www.youtube.com/v/pDHzK3Xe7Yw?fs=1&hl=en_GB"
type="application/x-shockwave-flash"
allowscriptaccess="always"
allowfullscreen="true"
width="640"
height="390">
</embed>
Your browser does not support the <codetranslate="no"><object></code> element.
Please <arel="external noopener" href="http://browsehappy.com/">consider upgrading your browser</a> or <arel="external noopener" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pDHzK3Xe7Yw">view the video on YouTube</a>.
</object>
<!-- End of #subsection-object -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-canvas -->
<h3id="subsection-canvas">Canvas</h3>
<canvas
id="myCanvas"
width="400"
height="400">
Your browser does not support the <codetranslate="no"><canvas></code> element.
Please <arel="external noopener" href="http://browsehappy.com/">consider upgrading your browser</a>.
</canvas>
<h3id="notes-canvas">Notes:</h3>
<p>
<small>Add <codetranslate="no">role="presentation"</code> to <codetranslate="no"><track></code> to <arel="external noopener" href="https://twitter.com/stevefaulkner/status/1039470607719694336">mute epeated announcement of graphic role by some screen readers</a>.</small>
</p>
<!-- End of #subsection-canvas -->
</section>
<!-- End of #section-embedded -->
<hr/>
<!-- Start of #section-forms -->
<sectionid="section-forms" aria-labelledby="title-forms">
<h2id="title-forms">Forms</h2>
<form>
<!-- Start of #subsection-text-input -->
<fieldsetid="subsection-text-input">
<legend>
<h3id="subtitle-text-input">Text Input</h3>
</legend>
<labelfor="input-text">Text</label>
<inputid="input-text" name="text" type="text" />
<labelfor="input-text-with-placeholder">Text with Placeholder</label>
<inputid="input-text-with-placeholder" name="placeholder" placeholder="Placeholder" type="text" />
<labelfor="input-email">Email</label>
<inputid="input-email" name="email" placeholder="name@example.com" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" spellcheck="false" type="email" />
<labelfor="input-password">Password</label>
<inputid="input-password" name="password" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" spellcheck="false" type="password" />
<labelfor="input-url">URL</label>
<inputid="input-url" name="url" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" type="url" />
<labelfor="input-telephone">Telephone</label>
<inputid="input-telephone" name="telephone" autocorrect="off" autocomplete="tel" spellcheck="false" type="tel" />
<labelfor="input-number" >Number</label>
<inputid="input-number" type="text" inputmode="numeric" pattern="[0-9]*" />
<labelfor="input-search">Search</label>
<inputid="input-search" name="search" spellcheck="false" type="search" />
<labelfor="input-date">Date</label>
<inputid="input-date" name="date" type="date" />
<labelfor="input-datetime-local">Datetime-local</label>
<inputid="input-datetime-local" name="datetime-local" type="datetime-local" />
<labelfor="input-month">Month</label>
<inputid="input-month" name="month" type="month" />
<labelfor="input-time">Time</label>
<inputid="input-time" name="time" type="time" />
<labelfor="input-week">Week</label>
<inputid="input-week" name="week" type="week" />
<labelfor="input-datalist">Datalist</label>
<inputlist="dog-breeds" id="input-datalist" name="datalist" type="text">
<datalistid="dog-breeds">
<optionvalue="Beagles"></option>
<optionvalue="Boxers"></option>
<optionvalue="Bulldogs"></option>
<optionvalue="Dachshunds"></option>
<optionvalue="French Bulldogs"></option>
<optionvalue="German Shepherds"></option>
<optionvalue="German Shorthaired Pointers"></option>
<optionvalue="Golden Retrievers"></option>
<optionvalue="Labrador Retrievers"></option>
<optionvalue="Poodles"></option>
<optionvalue="Rottweilers"></option>
<optionvalue="Siberian Huskies"></option>
<optionvalue="Yorkshire Terriers"></option>
</datalist>
</input>
<labelfor="input-textarea">Textarea</label>
<textareaid="input-textarea" name="textarea" dir="auto"></textarea>
<h4id="notes-text-input">Notes:</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<small>Avoid nesting <codetranslate="no">input</code> elements inside of <codetranslate="no">label</code> elements for better support for <arel="external noopener" href="https://www.nuance.com/dragon.html">Dragon Speech Recognition</a>.</small>
</li>
<li>
<small>Add <codetranslate="no">autocomplete="new-password"</code> to <code><input></code> elements with a type of <codetranslate="no">password</code> to <arel="external noopener" href="https://twitter.com/mmatuzo/status/1189041007117176832">make supporting browsers suggest secure passwords</a>.</small>
</li>
<li>
<small><code><input type="number"></code> has <arel="external noopener" href="https://technology.blog.gov.uk/2020/02/24/why-the-gov-uk-design-system-team-changed-the-input-type-for-numbers/">numerous issues with Dragon Naturally Speaking and NVDA</a>.</small>
</li>
</ul>
</fieldset>
<!-- End of #subsection-text-input -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-non-text-input -->
<fieldsetid="subsection-non-text-input">
<legend>
<h3id="subtitle-non-text-input">Non-text Input</h3>
</legend>
<labelfor="input-color">Color</label>
<inputid="input-color" name="color" type="color" />
<labelfor="input-file">File Input</label>
<inputid="input-file" name="file" type="file" />
<labelfor="input-range">Range Input</label>
<inputid="input-range" name="range" type="range" />
<h4id="notes-non-text-input">Notes:</h4>
<p>
<small>Some pointers on <arel="external noopener"
href="https://css-tricks.com/sliding-nightmare-understanding-range-input/">styling the range input</a>.</small>
</p>
</fieldset>
<!-- End of #subsection-non-text-input -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-select -->
<fieldsetid="subsection-select">
<legend>
<h3id="subtitle-select">Select</h3>
</legend>
<labelfor="input-select" >Select</label>
<selectid="input-select" name="select">
<optionvalue="corgis">Corgis</option>
<optionvalue="dachshunds">Dachshunds</option>
<optionvalue="shiba-inus">Shiba Inus</option>
</select>
<labelfor="input-select-with-optgroup">Select with Optgroup</label>
<selectid="input-select-with-optgroup" name="select-with-optgroup">
<optgrouplabel="Dog Breeds">
<optionvalue="affenpinscher">Affenpinscher</option>
<optionvalue="afghan-hound">Afghan Hound</option>
<optionvalue="afghan-shepherd">Afghan Shepherd</option>
<optionvalue="aidi">Aidi</option>
</optgroup>
<optgrouplabel="Cat Breeds">
<optionvalue="abyssinian">Abyssinian</option>
<optionvalue="aegean">Aegean</option>
<optionvalue="american-curl">American Curl</option>
<optionvalue="american-bobtail">American Bobtail</option>
</optgroup>
</select>
<labelfor="input-multiple-select">Multiple Select</label>
<selectmultipleid="input-multiple-select" name="multiple-select">
<optionvalue="beagle">Beagle</option>
<optionvalue="bernese-mountain-dog">Bernese Mountain Dog</option>
<optionvalue="kuvasz">Kuvasz</option>
<optionvalue="newfoundland">Newfoundland</option>
<optionvalue="old-english-sheepdog">Old English Sheepdog</option>
<optionvalue="rottweiler">Rottweiler</option>
<optionvalue="schnauzer">Schnauzer</option>
</select>
<h4id="notes-select">Notes:</h4>
<p>
<small>The <code>optgroup</code> element has <arel="external noopener"
href="https://a11ysupport.io/tests/tech__html__select">mixed support with assistive technology</a>.</small>
</p>
</fieldset>
<!-- End of #subsection-select -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-checkboxes-and-radios -->
<fieldsetid="subsection-checkboxes-and-radios">
<legend>
<h3id="subtitle-checkboxes-and-radio-buttons">Checkboxes and Radio Buttons</h3>
</legend>
<labelfor="input-checkbox">Checkbox</label>
<inputid="input-checkbox" name="checkbox" type="checkbox" />
<labelfor="input-checked-checkbox">Checked Checkbox</label>
<inputcheckedid="input-checked-checkbox" name="checked-checkbox" type="checkbox" />
<labelfor="input-indeterminate-checkbox" >Indeterminate Checkbox</label>
<inputindeterminateid="input-indeterminate-checkbox" name="indeterminate-checkbox" type="checkbox" />
<fieldset>
<legend>Pizza Toppings</legend>
<labelfor="ham">Ham</label>
<inputid="ham" name="toppings" type="checkbox" />
<labelfor="pepperoni">Pepperoni</label>
<inputid="pepperoni" name="toppings" type="checkbox" />
<labelfor="mushrooms">Mushrooms</label>
<inputid="mushrooms" name="toppings" type="checkbox" />
<labelfor="olives">Olives</label>
<inputid="olives" name="toppings" type="checkbox" />
</fieldset>
<labelfor="input-radio">Radio Button</label>
<inputid="input-radio" name="radio" type="radio" />
<labelfor="input-checked-radio">Checked Radio Button</label>
<inputcheckedid="input-checked-radio" name="checked-radio" type="radio" />
<fieldset>
<legend>Beverage Size</legend>
<labelfor="small">Small</label>
<inputid="small" name="beverage" type="radio" />
<labelfor="medium">Medium</label>
<inputid="medium" name="beverage" type="radio" />
<labelfor="large">Large</label>
<inputid="large" name="beverage" type="radio" />
<labelfor="x-large">Extra Large</label>
<inputid="x-large" name="beverage" type="radio" />
</fieldset>
</fieldset>
<!-- End of #subsection-checkboxes-and-radios -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-buttons -->
<fieldsetid="subsection-buttons">
<legend>
<h3id="subtitle-buttons">Buttons</h3>
</legend>
<buttontype="button">
Button
</button>
<buttondata-button-priority="primary" type="button">
Primary Button
</button>
<buttondata-button-priority="secondary" type="button">
Secondary Button
</button>
<inputname="button" value="Input Button" type="button" />
<inputname="enterkeyhint" value="enterkeyhint Button" enterkeyhint="done" type="button" />
<buttontype="button" aria-label="Icon Button">
☎
</button>
<buttontype="button">
<svgaria-hidden="true" height="16" width="16" focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 16 16"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<pathfill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd"
d="M8,16 C12.418278,16 16,12.418278 16,8 C16,3.581722 12.418278,0 8,0 C3.581722,0 0,3.581722 0,8 C0,12.418278 3.581722,16 8,16 Z M8.28116557,3 C8.58745219,3 8.8466139,3.10719871 9.05865848,3.32159934 C9.27070306,3.53599997 9.37672376,3.79398367 9.37672376,4.09555819 C9.37672376,4.3971327 9.26952505,4.6539384 9.05512442,4.86598298 C8.84072379,5.07802756 8.58274009,5.18404826 8.28116557,5.18404826 C7.97959106,5.18404826 7.72278536,5.07802756 7.51074078,4.86598298 C7.2986962,4.6539384 7.1926755,4.3971327 7.1926755,4.09555819 C7.1926755,3.79398367 7.2986962,3.53599997 7.51074078,3.32159934 C7.72278536,3.10719871 7.97959106,3 8.28116557,3 Z M9.270702,6.20185716 L9.270702,11.4393321 C9.270702,11.9058302 9.32489036,12.2038662 9.4332687,12.333449 C9.54164704,12.4630318 9.75368844,12.5372462 10.0693993,12.5560947 L10.0693993,12.8105469 L6.5,12.8105469 L6.5,12.5560947 C6.79215031,12.5466704 7.00890374,12.4618539 7.1502668,12.3016424 C7.24450883,12.1932641 7.29162914,11.9058302 7.29162914,11.4393321 L7.29162914,7.58014004 C7.29162914,7.11364196 7.23744078,6.81560599 7.12906244,6.6860232 C7.0206841,6.5564404 6.81099872,6.48222591 6.5,6.4633775 L6.5,6.20185716 L9.270702,6.20185716 Z" />
</svg>
Button with <abbr>SVG</abbr> icon
</button>
<spanrole="button" tabindex="0">
Text Button
</span>
<h4id="notes-buttons">Notes:</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<small>Add <codetranslate="no">type="button"</code> to <codetranslate="no"><button></code> elements placed outside of forms to prevent some browsers from attempting to submit form data.</small>
</li>
<li>
<small>Add <codetranslate="no">pointer-events: none;</code> to <arel="external noopener" href="https://twitter.com/stowball/status/857707052545613824">inline SVG icons placed in buttons</a>.</small>
</li>
<li>
<small>Add <codetranslate="no">focusable="false"</code> to SVG inside of a focusable element (links, buttons, etc.) to prevent <arel="external noopener" href="https://simplyaccessible.com/article/7-solutions-svgs#acc-heading-4">a bug with Internet Explorer</a>.</small>
</li>
<li>
<small>Use <codetranslate="no">tabindex="0"</code> in conjunction with <codetranslate="no">role="button"</code> to ensure that the text button is focusable. Use <codetranslate="no">cursor: pointer;</code> in the CSS to communicate that it is interactable. Learn more about <arel="external noopener" href="https://css-tricks.com/use-button-element/"><cite>When To Use The Button Element</cite></a>.</small>
</li>
<li>
<small>Use <codetranslate="no"><ahref="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/interaction.html#input-modalities:-the-enterkeyhint-attribute">enterkeyhint</a></code> to manipulate the enter key on a virtual keyboard.</small>
</li>
</ul>
</fieldset>
<!-- End of #subsection-buttons -->
<!-- Start of #subsection-output -->
<fieldsetid="subsection-output">
<legend>