但有些时候我们需要控制枚举的类型,那么我们可以 Enum 派生出自定义类来满足这种需要。通过修改上面的例子:
#!/usr/bin/env python3# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-fromenumimportEnum, uniqueEnum('Month', ('Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'))
# @unique 装饰器可以帮助我们检查保证没有重复值@uniqueclassMonth(Enum):
Jan='January'Feb='February'Mar='March'Apr='April'May='May'Jun='June'Jul='July'Aug='August'Sep='September 'Oct='October'Nov='November'Dec='December'if__name__=='__main__':
print(Month.Jan, '----------',
Month.Jan.name, '----------', Month.Jan.value)
forname, memberinMonth.__members__.items():
print(name, '----------', member, '----------', member.value)输出的结果如下:
Month.Jan ---------- Jan ---------- January
Jan ---------- Month.Jan ---------- January
Feb ---------- Month.Feb ---------- February
Mar ---------- Month.Mar ---------- March
Apr ---------- Month.Apr ---------- April
May ---------- Month.May ---------- May
Jun ---------- Month.Jun ---------- June
Jul ---------- Month.Jul ---------- July
Aug ---------- Month.Aug ---------- August
Sep ---------- Month.Sep ---------- September
Oct ---------- Month.Oct ---------- October
Nov ---------- Month.Nov ---------- November
Dec ---------- Month.Dec ---------- December
通过上面的例子,可以知道枚举模块定义了具有迭代 (interator) 和比较(comparison) 功能的枚举类型。 它可以用来为值创建明确定义的符号,而不是使用具体的整数或字符串。