Move exercises from Structuring and Testing Data

.gitignore

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-**/.DS_Store
+node_modules
 .DS_Store
-node_modules/
-.vscode/
+.vscode
+**/.DS_Store

Sprint-2/1-key-exercises/1-count.js

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+let count = 0;
+
+count = count + 1;
+
+// Line 1 is a variable declaration, creating the count variable with an initial value of 0
+// Describe what line 3 is doing, in particular focus on what = is doing

Sprint-2/1-key-exercises/2-initials.js

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+const firstName = "Creola";
+const middleName = "Katherine";
+const lastName = "Johnson";
+
+// Declare a variable called initials that stores the first character of each string.
+// This should produce the string "CKJ", but you must not write the characters C, K, or J in the code of your solution.
+
+const initials = ``;
+
+// https://www.google.com/search?q=get+first+character+of+string+mdn

Sprint-2/1-key-exercises/3-paths.js

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+// The diagram below shows the different names for parts of a file path on a Unix operating system
+
+// ┌─────────────────────┬────────────┐
+// │ dir │ base │
+// ├──────┬ ├──────┬─────┤
+// │ root │ │ name │ ext │
+// " / home/user/dir / file .txt "
+// └──────┴──────────────┴──────┴─────┘
+
+// (All spaces in the "" line should be ignored. They are purely for formatting.)
+
+const filePath = "/Users/mitch/cyf/Module-JS1/week-1/interpret/file.txt";
+const lastSlashIndex = filePath.lastIndexOf("/");
+const base = filePath.slice(lastSlashIndex + 1);
+console.log(`The base part of ${filePath} is ${base}`);
+
+// Create a variable to store the dir part of the filePath variable
+// Create a variable to store the ext part of the variable
+
+const dir = ;
+const ext = ;
+
+// https://www.google.com/search?q=slice+mdn

Sprint-2/1-key-exercises/4-random.js

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+const minimum = 1;
+const maximum = 100;
+
+const num = Math.floor(Math.random() * (maximum - minimum + 1)) + minimum;
+
+// In this exercise, you will need to work out what num represents?
+// Try breaking down the expression and using documentation to explain what it means
+// It will help to think about the order in which expressions are evaluated
+// Try logging the value of num and running the program several times to build an idea of what the program is doing

Sprint-2/2-mandatory-errors/0.js

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+This is just an instruction for the first activity - but it is just for human consumption
+We don't want the computer to run these 2 lines - how can we solve this problem?

Sprint-2/2-mandatory-errors/1.js

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+// trying to create an age variable and then reassign the value by 1
+
+const age = 33;
+age = age + 1;

Sprint-2/2-mandatory-errors/2.js

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+// Currently trying to print the string "I was born in Bolton" but it isn't working...
+// what's the error ?
+
+console.log(`I was born in ${cityOfBirth}`);
+const cityOfBirth = "Bolton";

Sprint-2/2-mandatory-errors/3.js

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+const cardNumber = 4533787178994213;
+const last4Digits = cardNumber.slice(-4);
+
+// The last4Digits variable should store the last 4 digits of cardNumber
+// However, the code isn't working
+// Before running the code, make and explain a prediction about why the code won't work
+// Then run the code and see what error it gives.
+// Consider: Why does it give this error? Is this what I predicted? If not, what's different?
+// Then try updating the expression last4Digits is assigned to, in order to get the correct value

Sprint-2/2-mandatory-errors/4.js

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+const 12HourClockTime = "8:53pm";
+const 24hourClockTime = "20:53";

Sprint-2/3-mandatory-interpret/1-percentage-change.js

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+let carPrice = "10,000";
+let priceAfterOneYear = "8,543";
+
+carPrice = Number(carPrice.replaceAll(",", ""));
+priceAfterOneYear = Number(priceAfterOneYear.replaceAll("," ""));
+
+const priceDifference = carPrice - priceAfterOneYear;
+const percentageChange = (priceDifference / carPrice) * 100;
+
+console.log(`The percentage change is ${percentageChange}`);
+
+// Read the code and then answer the questions below
+
+// a) How many function calls are there in this file? Write down all the lines where a function call is made
+
+// b) Run the code and identify the line where the error is coming from - why is this error occurring? How can you fix this problem?
+
+// c) Identify all the lines that are variable reassignment statements
+
+// d) Identify all the lines that are variable declarations
+
+// e) Describe what the expression Number(carPrice.replaceAll(",","")) is doing - what is the purpose of this expression?

Sprint-2/3-mandatory-interpret/2-time-format.js

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+const movieLength = 8784; // length of movie in seconds
+
+const remainingSeconds = movieLength % 60;
+const totalMinutes = (movieLength - remainingSeconds) / 60;
+
+const remainingMinutes = totalMinutes % 60;
+const totalHours = (totalMinutes - remainingMinutes) / 60;
+
+const result = `${totalHours}:${remainingMinutes}:${remainingSeconds}`;
+console.log(result);
+
+// For the piece of code above, read the code and then answer the following questions
+
+// a) How many variable declarations are there in this program?
+
+// b) How many function calls are there?
+
+// c) Using documentation, explain what the expression movieLength % 60 represents
+// https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Arithmetic_Operators
+
+// d) Interpret line 4, what does the expression assigned to totalMinutes mean?
+
+// e) What do you think the variable result represents? Can you think of a better name for this variable?
+
+// f) Try experimenting with different values of movieLength. Will this code work for all values of movieLength? Explain your answer

Sprint-2/3-mandatory-interpret/3-to-pounds.js

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+const penceString = "399p";
+
+const penceStringWithoutTrailingP = penceString.substring(
+ 0,
+ penceString.length - 1
+);
+
+const paddedPenceNumberString = penceStringWithoutTrailingP.padStart(3, "0");
+const pounds = paddedPenceNumberString.substring(
+ 0,
+ paddedPenceNumberString.length - 2
+);
+
+const pence = paddedPenceNumberString
+ .substring(paddedPenceNumberString.length - 2)
+ .padEnd(2, "0");
+
+console.log(`£${pounds}.${pence}`);
+
+// This program takes a string representing a price in pence
+// The program then builds up a string representing the price in pounds
+
+// You need to do a step-by-step breakdown of each line in this program
+// Try and describe the purpose / rationale behind each step
+
+// To begin, we can start with
+// 1. const penceString = "399p": initialises a string variable with the value "399p"

Sprint-2/4-stretch-explore/chrome.md

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+Open a new window in Chrome, right click an empty space on the page, select **Inspect** from the dropdown, then locate the **Console** tab.
+
+Voila! You now have access to the [Chrome V8 Engine](https://www.cloudflare.com/en-gb/learning/serverless/glossary/what-is-chrome-v8/).
+Just like the Node REPL, you can input JavaScript code into the Console tab and the V8 engine will execute it.
+
+Let's try an example.
+
+In the Chrome console, invoke the function `alert` with one argument, the string `"Hello world!"`;
+
+What effect does calling the `alert` function have?
+
+Now try invoking the function `prompt` with a string input of `"What is your name?"` - store the return value of your call to `prompt` in an variable called `myName`.
+
+What effect does calling the `prompt` function have?
+What is the return value of `prompt`?

Sprint-2/4-stretch-explore/objects.md

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+## Objects
+
+In this activity, we'll explore some additional concepts that you'll encounter in more depth later on in the course.
+
+Open the Chrome devtools Console, type in `console.log` and then hit enter
+
+What output do you get?
+
+Now enter just `console` in the Console, what output do you get back?
+
+Try also entering `typeof console`
+
+Answer the following questions:
+
+What does `console` store?
+What does the syntax `console.log` or `console.assert` mean? In particular, what does the `.` mean?

Sprint-2/README.md

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+# 🧭 Guide to Sprint 2 exercises
+
+> https://curriculum.codeyourfuture.io/javascript-fundamentals/sprints/2/prep/
+
+> [!TIP]
+> You should always do the prep work _before_ attempting the coursework.
+> The prep shows you _how_ to do the coursework.
+> There is often a step by step video you can code along with too.
+> Do the prep.
+
+This README will guide you through the different sections for this week.
+
+## 1 Exercises
+
+In this section, you'll have a short program and task. Some of the syntax may be unfamiliar - in this case, you'll need to look things up in documentation. 
+
+https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript
+
+## 2 Errors
+
+In this section, you'll need to go to each file in `errors` directory and run the file with node to check what the error is. Your task is to interpret the error message and explain why it occurs. The [errors documentation](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Errors) will help you figure out the solution.
+
+## 3 Interpret
+
+In these tasks, you have to interpret a slightly larger program with some syntax / operators / functions that may be unfamiliar.
+
+You must use documentation to make sense of anything unfamiliar - learning how to look things up this way is a fundamental part of being a developer!
+
+You can also use `console.log` to check the value of different variables in the code.
+
+https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript 
+
+## 4 Explore - Stretch 💪
+
+This stretch activity will get you to start exploring new concepts and environments by yourself. It will do so by prompting you to reflect on some questions.

Sprint-3/1-key-errors/0.js

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+// Predict and explain first...
+// =============> write your prediction here
+
+// call the function capitalise with a string input
+// interpret the error message and figure out why an error is occurring
+
+function capitalise(str) {
+ let str = `${str[0].toUpperCase()}${str.slice(1)}`;
+ return str;
+}
+
+// =============> write your explanation here
+// =============> write your new code here

Sprint-3/1-key-errors/1.js

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+// Predict and explain first...
+
+// Why will an error occur when this program runs?
+// =============> write your prediction here
+
+// Try playing computer with the example to work out what is going on
+
+function convertToPercentage(decimalNumber) {
+ const decimalNumber = 0.5;
+ const percentage = `${decimalNumber * 100}%`;
+
+ return percentage;
+}
+
+console.log(decimalNumber);
+
+// =============> write your explanation here
+
+// Finally, correct the code to fix the problem
+// =============> write your new code here

Sprint-3/1-key-errors/2.js

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+
+// Predict and explain first BEFORE you run any code...
+
+// this function should square any number but instead we're going to get an error
+
+// =============> write your prediction of the error here
+
+function square(3) {
+ return num * num;
+}
+
+// =============> write the error message here
+
+// =============> explain this error message here
+
+// Finally, correct the code to fix the problem
+
+// =============> write your new code here
+
+

Sprint-3/2-mandatory-debug/0.js

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+// Predict and explain first...
+
+// =============> write your prediction here
+
+function multiply(a, b) {
+ console.log(a * b);
+}
+
+console.log(`The result of multiplying 10 and 32 is ${multiply(10, 32)}`);
+
+// =============> write your explanation here
+
+// Finally, correct the code to fix the problem
+// =============> write your new code here

Sprint-3/2-mandatory-debug/1.js

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+// Predict and explain first...
+// =============> write your prediction here
+
+function sum(a, b) {
+ return;
+ a + b;
+}
+
+console.log(`The sum of 10 and 32 is ${sum(10, 32)}`);
+
+// =============> write your explanation here
+// Finally, correct the code to fix the problem
+// =============> write your new code here

Sprint-3/2-mandatory-debug/2.js

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+// Predict and explain first...
+
+// Predict the output of the following code:
+// =============> Write your prediction here
+
+const num = 103;
+
+function getLastDigit() {
+ return num.toString().slice(-1);
+}
+
+console.log(`The last digit of 42 is ${getLastDigit(42)}`);
+console.log(`The last digit of 105 is ${getLastDigit(105)}`);
+console.log(`The last digit of 806 is ${getLastDigit(806)}`);
+
+// Now run the code and compare the output to your prediction
+// =============> write the output here
+// Explain why the output is the way it is
+// =============> write your explanation here
+// Finally, correct the code to fix the problem
+// =============> write your new code here
+
+// This program should tell the user the last digit of each number.
+// Explain why getLastDigit is not working properly - correct the problem

Sprint-3/3-mandatory-implement/1-bmi.js

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+// Below are the steps for how BMI is calculated
+
+// The BMI calculation divides an adult's weight in kilograms (kg) by their height in metres (m) squared.
+
+// For example, if you weigh 70kg (around 11 stone) and are 1.73m (around 5 feet 8 inches) tall, you work out your BMI by:
+
+// squaring your height: 1.73 x 1.73 = 2.99
+// dividing 70 by 2.99 = 23.41
+// Your result will be displayed to 1 decimal place, for example '23.4'.
+
+// You will need to implement a function that calculates the BMI of someone based off their weight and height
+
+// Given someone's weight in kg and height in metres
+// Then when we call this function with the weight and height
+// It should return a string of their Body Mass Index to 1 decimal place
+
+function calculateBMI(weight, height) {
+ // return the BMI of someone based off their weight and height
+}

Sprint-3/3-mandatory-implement/2-cases.js

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+// A set of words can be grouped together in different cases.
+
+// For example, "hello there" in snake case would be written "hello_there"
+// UPPER_SNAKE_CASE means taking a string and writing it in all caps with underscores instead of spaces.
+
+// Implement a function that:
+
+// Given a string input like "hello there"
+// When we call this function with the input string
+// it returns the string in UPPER_SNAKE_CASE, so "HELLO_THERE"
+
+// Another example: "lord of the rings" should be "LORD_OF_THE_RINGS"
+
+// You will need to come up with an appropriate name for the function
+// Use the MDN string documentation to help you find a solution
+// This might help https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/toUpperCase

Sprint-3/3-mandatory-implement/3-to-pounds.js

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+// In Sprint-1, there is a program written in 3-mandatory-interpret/3-to-pounds.js
+
+// You will need to take this code and turn it into a reusable block of code.
+// You will need to declare a function called toPounds with an appropriately named parameter.
+
+// You should call this function a number of times to check it works for different inputs