Add scheduled CI runs for tests, lint, and type-check

[ulises-jeremias]

Feature Request

Add a scheduled trigger (e.g., twice daily or daily) for test, lint, and type-check workflows to catch regressions from external dependencies.

Current behavior

Tests/lint/type-check only run on PR and push events.

Expected behavior

Add a schedule trigger with a cron expression to run the core CI workflows regularly, ensuring breaking changes in upstream dependencies (PyPI packages, catalog templates) are detected promptly.

Reference

CNA has scheduled CI (twice daily). Parity gap documented in the feature alignment sweep.