PHP CSS Parser

A Parser for CSS Files written in PHP. Allows extraction of CSS files into a data structure, manipulation of said structure and output as (optimized) CSS.

Usage

Installation using Composer

composer require sabberworm/php-css-parser

Extraction

To use the CSS Parser, create a new instance. The constructor takes the following form:

new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css);

To read a file, for example, you’d do the following:

$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser(file_get_contents('somefile.css'));
$cssDocument = $parser->parse();

The resulting CSS document structure can be manipulated prior to being output.

Options

Charset

The charset option will only be used if the CSS file does not contain an @charset declaration. UTF-8 is the default, so you won’t have to create a settings object at all if you don’t intend to change that.

$settings = \Sabberworm\CSS\Settings::create()
->withDefaultCharset('windows-1252');
$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css, $settings);

Strict parsing

To have the parser throw an exception when encountering invalid/unknown constructs (as opposed to trying to ignore them and carry on parsing), supply a thusly configured \Sabberworm\CSS\Settings object:

$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser(
file_get_contents('somefile.css'),
\Sabberworm\CSS\Settings::create()->beStrict()
);

Note that this will also disable a workaround for parsing the unquoted variant of the legacy IE-specific filter rule.

Disable multibyte functions

To achieve faster parsing, you can choose to have PHP-CSS-Parser use regular string functions instead of mb_* functions. This should work fine in most cases, even for UTF-8 files, as all the multibyte characters are in string literals. Still it’s not recommended using this with input you have no control over as it’s not thoroughly covered by test cases.

$settings = \Sabberworm\CSS\Settings::create()->withMultibyteSupport(false);
$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css, $settings);

Manipulation

The resulting data structure consists mainly of five basic types: CSSList, RuleSet, Rule, Selector and Value. There are two additional types used: Import and Charset, which you won’t use often.

CSSList

CSSList represents a generic CSS container, most likely containing declaration blocks (rule sets with a selector), but it may also contain at-rules, charset declarations, etc.

To access the items stored in a CSSList – like the document you got back when calling $parser->parse() –, use getContents(), then iterate over that collection and use instanceof to check whether you’re dealing with another CSSList, a RuleSet, a Import or a Charset.

To append a new item (selector, media query, etc.) to an existing CSSList, construct it using the constructor for this class and use the append($oItem) method.

RuleSet

RuleSet is a container for individual rules. The most common form of a rule set is one constrained by a selector. The following concrete subtypes exist:

AtRuleSet – for generic at-rules for generic at-rules which are not covered by specific classes, i.e., not @import, @charset or @media. A common example for this is @font-face.
DeclarationBlock – a RuleSet constrained by a Selector; contains an array of selector objects (comma-separated in the CSS) as well as the rules to be applied to the matching elements.

Note: A CSSList can contain other CSSLists (and Imports as well as a Charset), while a RuleSet can only contain Rules.

If you want to manipulate a RuleSet, use the methods addRule(Rule $rule), getRules() and removeRule($rule) (which accepts either a Rule or a rule name; optionally suffixed by a dash to remove all related rules).

Rule

Rules just have a string key (the rule) and a Value.

Value

Value is an abstract class that only defines the render method. The concrete subclasses for atomic value types are:

Size – consists of a numeric size value and a unit.
Color – colors can be input in the form #rrggbb, #rgb or schema(val1, val2, …) but are always stored as an array of ('s' => val1, 'c' => val2, 'h' => val3, …) and output in the second form.
CSSString – this is just a wrapper for quoted strings to distinguish them from keywords; always output with double quotes.
URL – URLs in CSS; always output in URL("") notation.

There is another abstract subclass of Value, ValueList: A ValueList represents a lists of Values, separated by some separation character (mostly ,, whitespace, or /).

There are two types of ValueLists:

RuleValueList – The default type, used to represent all multivalued rules like font: bold 12px/3 Helvetica, Verdana, sans-serif; (where the value would be a whitespace-separated list of the primitive value bold, a slash-separated list and a comma-separated list).
CSSFunction – A special kind of value that also contains a function name and where the values are the function’s arguments. Also handles equals-sign-separated argument lists like filter: alpha(opacity=90);.

Convenience methods

There are a few convenience methods on Document to ease finding, manipulating and deleting rules:

getAllDeclarationBlocks() – does what it says; no matter how deeply nested the selectors are. Aliased as getAllSelectors().
getAllRuleSets() – does what it says; no matter how deeply nested the rule sets are.
getAllValues() – finds all Value objects inside Rules.

To-Do

More convenience methods (like selectorsWithElement($sId/Class/TagName), attributesOfType($type), removeAttributesOfType($type))
Real multibyte support. Currently, only multibyte charsets whose first 255 code points take up only one byte and are identical with ASCII are supported (yes, UTF-8 fits this description).
Named color support (using Color instead of an anonymous string literal)

Use cases

Use `Parser` to prepend an ID to all selectors

$myId = "#my_id";
$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css);
$cssDocument = $parser->parse();
foreach ($cssDocument->getAllDeclarationBlocks() as$block) {
foreach ($block->getSelectors() as$selector) {
// Loop over all selector parts (the comma-separated strings in a// selector) and prepend the ID.$selector->setSelector($myId.''.$selector->getSelector());
}
}

Shrink all absolute sizes to half

$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css);
$cssDocument = $parser->parse();
foreach ($cssDocument->getAllValues() as$value) {
if ($valueinstanceof CSSSize && !$value->isRelative()) {
$value->setSize($value->getSize() / 2);
}
}

Remove unwanted rules

$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css);
$cssDocument = $parser->parse();
foreach($cssDocument->getAllRuleSets() as$oRuleSet) {
// Note that the added dash will make this remove all rules starting with// `font-` (like `font-size`, `font-weight`, etc.) as well as a potential// `font` rule.$oRuleSet->removeRule('font-');
$oRuleSet->removeRule('cursor');
}

Output

To output the entire CSS document into a variable, just use ->render():

$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser(file_get_contents('somefile.css'));
$cssDocument = $parser->parse();
print$cssDocument->render();

If you want to format the output, pass an instance of type \Sabberworm\CSS\OutputFormat:

$format = \Sabberworm\CSS\OutputFormat::create()
->indentWithSpaces(4)->setSpaceBetweenRules("\n");
print$cssDocument->render($format);

Or use one of the predefined formats:

print$cssDocument->render(Sabberworm\CSS\OutputFormat::createPretty());
print$cssDocument->render(Sabberworm\CSS\OutputFormat::createCompact());

To see what you can do with output formatting, look at the tests in tests/OutputFormatTest.php.

Examples

Example 1 (At-Rules)

Input

@charset"utf-8";
@font-face {
font-family:"CrassRoots";
src:url("../media/cr.ttf");
}
html,body {
font-size:1.6em;
}
@keyframes mymove {
from { top:0px; }
to { top:200px; }
}

Structure (var_dump())

class Sabberworm\CSS\CSSList\Document#4 (2) {
protected $contents =>
array(4) {
[0] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Property\Charset#6 (2) {
private $charset =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\CSSString#5 (2) {
private $string =>
string(5) "utf-8" protected$lineNumber => int(1) } protected $lineNumber => int(1) } [1] => class Sabberworm\CSS\RuleSet\AtRuleSet#7 (4) { private $type => string(9) "font-face"
private $arguments =>
string(0) "" private$rules => array(2) { 'font-family' => array(1) { [0] => class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#8 (4) { private $rule => string(11) "font-family"
private$value =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\CSSString#9 (2) {
private $string =>
string(10) "CrassRoots" protected$lineNumber => int(4) } private $isImportant => bool(false) protected $lineNumber => int(4) } } 'src' => array(1) { [0] => class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#10 (4) { private $rule => string(3) "src" private$value => class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\URL#11 (2) { private $url => class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\CSSString#12 (2) { private $string => string(15) "../media/cr.ttf"
protected $lineNumber =>
int(5)
}
protected $lineNumber =>
int(5)
}
private $isImportant =>
bool(false)
protected $lineNumber =>
int(5)
}
}
}
protected $lineNumber =>
int(3)
}
[2] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\RuleSet\DeclarationBlock#13 (3) {
private $selectors =>
array(2) {
[0] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Property\Selector#14 (2) {
private $selector =>
string(4) "html"
private $specificity =>
NULL
}
[1] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Property\Selector#15 (2) {
private $selector =>
string(4) "body"
private $specificity =>
NULL
}
}
private $rules =>
array(1) {
'font-size' =>
array(1) {
[0] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#16 (4) {
private $rule =>
string(9) "font-size"
private $value =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#17 (4) {
private $size =>
double(1.6)
private $unit =>
string(2) "em"
private $isColorComponent =>
bool(false)
protected $lineNumber =>
int(9)
}
private $isImportant =>
bool(false)
protected $lineNumber =>
int(9)
}
}
}
protected $lineNumber =>
int(8)
}
[3] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\CSSList\KeyFrame#18 (4) {
private $vendorKeyFrame =>
string(9) "keyframes"
private $animationName =>
string(6) "mymove"
protected $contents =>
array(2) {
[0] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\RuleSet\DeclarationBlock#19 (3) {
private $selectors =>
array(1) {
[0] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Property\Selector#20 (2) {
private $selector =>
string(4) "from"
private $specificity =>
NULL
}
}
private $rules =>
array(1) {
'top' =>
array(1) {
[0] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#21 (4) {
private $rule =>
string(3) "top"
private $value =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#22 (4) {
private $size =>
double(0)
private $unit =>
string(2) "px"
private $isColorComponent =>
bool(false)
protected $lineNumber =>
int(13)
}
private $isImportant =>
bool(false)
protected $lineNumber =>
int(13)
}
}
}
protected $lineNumber =>
int(13)
}
[1] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\RuleSet\DeclarationBlock#23 (3) {
private $selectors =>
array(1) {
[0] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Property\Selector#24 (2) {
private $selector =>
string(2) "to"
private $specificity =>
NULL
}
}
private $rules =>
array(1) {
'top' =>
array(1) {
[0] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#25 (4) {
private $rule =>
string(3) "top"
private $value =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#26 (4) {
private $size =>
double(200)
private $unit =>
string(2) "px"
private $isColorComponent =>
bool(false)
protected $lineNumber =>
int(14)
}
private $isImportant =>
bool(false)
protected $lineNumber =>
int(14)
}
}
}
protected $lineNumber =>
int(14)
}
}
protected $lineNumber =>
int(12)
}
}
protected $lineNumber =>
int(1)
}

Output (`render()`)

@charset"utf-8";
@font-face {font-family:"CrassRoots";src:url("../media/cr.ttf");}
html,body {font-size:1.6em;}
@keyframes mymove {from {top:0px;} to {top:200px;}}

Example 2 (Values)

Input

#header {
margin:10px2em1cm2%;
font-family: Verdana, Helvetica,"Gill Sans", sans-serif;
color: red !important;
}

Structure (var_dump())

class Sabberworm\CSS\CSSList\Document#4 (2) {
protected $contents =>
array(1) {
[0] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\RuleSet\DeclarationBlock#5 (3) {
private $selectors =>
array(1) {
[0] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Property\Selector#6 (2) {
private $selector =>
string(7) "#header" private$specificity => NULL } } private $rules => array(3) { 'margin' => array(1) { [0] => class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#7 (4) { private $rule => string(6) "margin" private$value => class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\RuleValueList#12 (3) { protected $components => array(4) { [0] => class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#8 (4) { private $size => double(10) private $unit => string(2) "px" private$isColorComponent => bool(false) protected $lineNumber => int(2) } [1] => class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#9 (4) { private $size => double(2) private $unit => string(2) "em" private$isColorComponent => bool(false) protected $lineNumber => int(2) } [2] => class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#10 (4) { private $size => double(1) private $unit => string(2) "cm" private$isColorComponent => bool(false) protected $lineNumber => int(2) } [3] => class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#11 (4) { private $size => double(2) private $unit => string(1) "%" private $isColorComponent => bool(false) protected $lineNumber => int(2) } } protected $separator => string(1) " " protected$lineNumber => int(2) } private $isImportant => bool(false) protected $lineNumber => int(2) } } 'font-family' => array(1) { [0] => class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#13 (4) { private $rule => string(11) "font-family"
private $value =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\RuleValueList#15 (3) {
protected $components =>
array(4) {
[0] =>
string(7) "Verdana"
[1] =>
string(9) "Helvetica"
[2] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\CSSString#14 (2) {
private $string =>
string(9) "Gill Sans"
protected $lineNumber =>
int(3)
}
[3] =>
string(10) "sans-serif"
}
protected $sSeparator =>
string(1) ","
protected $lineNumber =>
int(3)
}
private $isImportant =>
bool(false)
protected $lineNumber =>
int(3)
}
}
'color' =>
array(1) {
[0] =>
class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#16 (4) {
private $rule =>
string(5) "color"
private $value =>
string(3) "red"
private $isImportant =>
bool(true)
protected $lineNumber =>
int(4)
}
}
}
protected $lineNumber =>
int(1)
}
}
protected $lineNumber =>
int(1)
}

Output (`render()`)

#header {margin:10px2em1cm2%;font-family: Verdana,Helvetica,"Gill Sans",sans-serif;color: red !important;}

Class diagram

classDiagram
direction LR
class Anchor {
}
class AtRule {
<<interface>>
}
class AtRuleBlockList {
}
class AtRuleSet {
}
class CSSBlockList {
<<abstract>>
}
class CSSElement {
<<interface>>
}
class CSSFunction {
}
class CSSList {
<<abstract>>
}
class CSSListItem {
<<interface>>
}
class CSSNamespace {
}
class CSSString {
}
class CalcFunction {
}
class CalcRuleValueList {
}
class Charset {
}
class Color {
}
class Comment {
}
class Commentable {
<<interface>>
}
class DeclarationBlock {
}
class Document {
}
class Import {
}
class KeyFrame {
}
class KeyframeSelector {
}
class LineName {
}
class OutputException {
}
class OutputFormat {
}
class OutputFormatter {
}
class Parser {
}
class ParserState {
}
class Positionable {
<<interface>>
}
class PrimitiveValue {
<<abstract>>
}
class Renderable {
<<interface>>
}
class Rule {
}
class RuleContainer {
<<interface>>
}
class RuleSet {
}
class RuleValueList {
}
class Selector {
}
class Settings {
}
class Size {
}
class SourceException {
}
class SpecificityCalculator {
}
class URL {
}
class UnexpectedEOFException {
}
class UnexpectedTokenException {
}
class Value {
<<abstract>>
}
class ValueList {
<<abstract>>
}
Anchor ..> ParserState: dependency
CSSListItem <|-- AtRule: inheritance
AtRule <|.. AtRuleBlockList: realization
CSSBlockList <|-- AtRuleBlockList: inheritance
AtRule <|.. AtRuleSet: realization
RuleSet <|-- AtRuleSet: inheritance
CSSList <|-- CSSBlockList: inheritance
Renderable <|-- CSSElement: inheritance
ValueList <|-- CSSFunction: inheritance
CSSElement <|.. CSSList: realization
CSSListItem <|.. CSSList: realization
CSSList ..> Charset: dependency
CSSList ..> Import: dependency
Positionable <|.. CSSList: realization
Commentable <|-- CSSListItem: inheritance
Renderable <|-- CSSListItem: inheritance
AtRule <|.. CSSNamespace: realization
Positionable <|.. CSSNamespace: realization
PrimitiveValue <|-- CSSString: inheritance
CSSFunction <|-- CalcFunction: inheritance
RuleValueList <|-- CalcRuleValueList: inheritance
AtRule <|.. Charset: realization
Charset ..> CSSString: dependency
Positionable <|.. Charset: realization
CSSFunction <|-- Color: inheritance
Positionable <|.. Comment: realization
Renderable <|.. Comment: realization
CSSElement <|.. DeclarationBlock: realization
CSSListItem <|.. DeclarationBlock: realization
Positionable <|.. DeclarationBlock: realization
RuleContainer <|.. DeclarationBlock: realization
DeclarationBlock ..> RuleSet : dependency
DeclarationBlock ..> Selector: dependency
CSSBlockList <|-- Document: inheritance
AtRule <|.. Import: realization
Positionable <|.. Import: realization
AtRule <|.. KeyFrame: realization
CSSList <|-- KeyFrame: inheritance
Selector <|-- KeyframeSelector: inheritance
ValueList <|-- LineName: inheritance
SourceException <|-- OutputException: inheritance
OutputFormat ..> OutputFormatter: dependency
OutputFormatter ..> OutputFormat: dependency
Parser ..> ParserState: dependency
ParserState ..> Settings: dependency
Value <|-- PrimitiveValue: inheritance
CSSElement <|.. Rule: realization
Commentable <|.. Rule: realization
Positionable <|.. Rule: realization
Rule ..> RuleValueList: dependency
CSSElement <|.. RuleSet: realization
CSSListItem <|.. RuleSet: realization
Positionable <|.. RuleSet: realization
RuleSet ..> Rule: dependency
RuleContainer <|.. RuleSet: realization
ValueList <|-- RuleValueList: inheritance
Renderable <|.. Selector: realization
PrimitiveValue <|-- Size: inheritance
Exception <|-- SourceException: inheritance
Positionable <|.. SourceException: realization
URL ..> CSSString: dependency
PrimitiveValue <|-- URL: inheritance
UnexpectedTokenException <|-- UnexpectedEOFException: inheritance
SourceException <|-- UnexpectedTokenException: inheritance
CSSElement <|.. Value: realization
Positionable <|.. Value: realization
Value <|-- ValueList: inheritance
CSSList ..> CSSList: dependency
CSSList ..> Comment: dependency
CSSList ..> RuleSet: dependency
CSSNamespace ..> Comment: dependency
Charset ..> Comment: dependency
Import ..> Comment: dependency
OutputFormat ..> OutputFormat: dependency
Rule ..> Comment: dependency
RuleSet ..> Comment: dependency
ValueList ..> Value: dependency

API and deprecation policy

Please have a look at our API and deprecation policy.

Contributing

Contributions in the form of bug reports, feature requests, or pull requests are more than welcome. 🙏 Please have a look at our contribution guidelines to learn more about how to contribute to PHP-CSS-Parser.

Contributors/Thanks to

oliverklee for lots of refactorings, code modernizations and CI integrations
raxbg for contributions to parse calc, grid lines, and various bugfixes.
westonruter for bugfixes and improvements.
FMCorz for many patches and suggestions, for being able to parse comments and IE hacks (in lenient mode).
Lullabot for a patch that allows to know the line number for each parsed token.
ju1ius for the specificity parsing code and the ability to expand/compact shorthand properties.
ossinkine for a 150 time performance boost.
GaryJones for lots of input and https://css-specificity.info/.
docteurklein for output formatting and CSSList->remove() inspiration.
nicolopignatelli for PSR-0 compatibility.
diegoembarcadero for keyframe at-rule parsing.
goetas for @namespace at-rule support.
ziegenberg for general housekeeping and cleanup.
View full list

Misc

Legacy Support

The latest pre-PSR-0 version of this project can be checked with the 0.9.0 tag.

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
.github		.github
.phive		.phive
Build		Build
bin		bin
docs		docs
src		src
tests		tests
.editorconfig		.editorconfig
.gitattributes		.gitattributes
.gitignore		.gitignore
CHANGELOG.md		CHANGELOG.md
CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md		CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
CONTRIBUTING.md		CONTRIBUTING.md
LICENSE		LICENSE
README.md		README.md
composer.json		composer.json

Uh oh!

Latest commit

History

Folders and files

Repository files navigation

PHP CSS Parser

Usage

Installation using Composer

Extraction

Options

Charset

Strict parsing

Disable multibyte functions

Manipulation

CSSList

RuleSet

Rule

Value

Convenience methods

To-Do

Use cases

Use Parser to prepend an ID to all selectors

Shrink all absolute sizes to half

Remove unwanted rules

Output

Examples

Example 1 (At-Rules)

Input

Output (render())

Example 2 (Values)

Input

Output (render())

Class diagram

API and deprecation policy

Contributing

Contributors/Thanks to

Misc

Legacy Support

About

Topics

Resources

Code of conduct

Contributing

Stars

Watchers

Forks

Releases

Used by

Contributors

Languages

Use `Parser` to prepend an ID to all selectors

Output (`render()`)

Output (`render()`)