Add Docker devcontainer configuration files

[HManiac74]

Added configuration files for running the repo in a Docker dev Container

[cclauss]

We already have GitPod... Why is this any better than that?

We run on Python 3.11 so please upgrade from bullseye to bookworm and remove all comments about Python < 3.11.

Remove all the comments about Node.js because this repo has none of that.

[cclauss]

In a future PR, it would be cool to add... https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-vscode

[CaedenPH]

As cclauss mentioned, we have a gitpod config file, and I don't see much value in adding devcontainer config files, primarily due to the fact that this is unlike other repositories, and that it is a group of standalone files that don't require much, if any config
This also only customises for a singular tool, vscode, excluding other text editors/IDE's
Even still, if this is decided to be merged, perhaps it would be ideal to add information on how to set up this container in the CONTRIBUTING.md

[HManiac74]

Some people might prefer a local development container, and VSCode is a very good IDE, and platform independent, so I thought this might be a good idea

[cclauss]

Let's see if this AND GitPod can cohabitate without nullifying each other. Contributors can choose their favorite.

Let's reserve the right to revert this contribution if users protest or if it does not bring sufficient value.

@CaedenPH is correct that we need docs in CONTRIBUTING.md so @HManiac74 please create a follow-on PR that helps folks to get started.