AndroidAPI

A pure Python library for interacting with Android devices. No ADB binary. No Fastboot binary. No subprocess. Communicates directly with the device over USB or TCP/IP using a custom implementation of the ADB protocol.

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Requirements

• Python 3.13+
• pyusb for USB connections
• cryptography for RSA auth handshake
• A connected Android device with USB debugging enabled

Install dependencies:

pip install -r requirements.txt

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File Structure

AndroidAPI.py # device classes: DeviceInfo, DevicePower, OpenApp, AndroidInfo, SideloadAPK
AdbConnect.py # protocol implementation: AdbUsbConnect, AdbTcpIpConnect, AdbPacket, AdbAuth
requirements.txt # pyusb, cryptography

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How It Works

Instead of shelling out to the adb binary, this library speaks the ADB protocol directly:

Your Code
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AndroidAPI.py (DeviceInfo, DevicePower, OpenApp, AndroidInfo, SideloadAPK)
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AdbConnect.py (AdbTcpIpConnect, AdbUsbConnect)
|
AdbPacket (raw 24-byte ADB protocol framing)
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AdbAuth (RSA handshake, key generation)
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socket / pyusb (raw TCP / raw USB)
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Device

On first connection, an RSA keypair is generated and saved to adbkey in the working directory. The device will prompt you to authorize the connection, just like it would with a normal ADB connection.

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Connecting to a Device

USB

fromAdbConnectimportAdbUsbConnectconn=AdbUsbConnect()

If you have multiple devices connected, pass the serial:

conn=AdbUsbConnect(serial="R5CT21AABCD")

TCP/IP

First enable TCP/IP mode on the device (only needed once):

adb tcpip 5555

Then connect:

fromAdbConnectimportAdbTcpIpConnectconn=AdbTcpIpConnect("192.168.1.5")
conn=AdbTcpIpConnect("192.168.1.5", port=5555)

Closing the connection

Always close the connection when done:

conn.close()

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Classes

DeviceInfo

Helper class for detecting the current state of the connected device.

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DeviceInfo.GetDeviceInfo(conn) -> str

Detects the current state of the device by querying system properties over the connection.

Parameter	Type	Description
conn	AdbConnection	Active USB or TCP/IP connection

Possible return values:

Return Value	Meaning
"Normal"	Device is booted into Android
"Recovery"	Device is in Recovery
"fastbootd"	Device is in Fastbootd
"bootloader"	Device is in Bootloader
"Unknown"	State could not be determined

Example:

state=DeviceInfo.GetDeviceInfo(conn)
print(state)

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DeviceInfo._match_states(conn, State) -> str | None

Checks whether the device is already in the target state. Returns a message string if it is, or None if it is not. Used internally by DevicePower.RebootTo().

Parameter	Type	Description
conn	AdbConnection	Active USB or TCP/IP connection
State	str	Target state to check against (case insensitive)

Accepted values for State:

Value	Matches Device State
"system"	"Normal"
"recovery"	"Recovery"
"fastbootd"	"fastbootd"
"bootloader"	"bootloader"

Example:

match=DeviceInfo._match_states(conn, "recovery")
ifmatchisnotNone:
print(match)
else:
print("Not in recovery, safe to proceed")

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DevicePower

Handles rebooting and shutting down the device.

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DevicePower.RebootTo(conn, State) -> None

Reboots the device to the specified state. Exits with an error if the device is already in the target state.

Parameter	Type	Description
conn	AdbConnection	Active USB or TCP/IP connection
State	str	Target state to reboot into (case insensitive)

Accepted values for State:

Value	Reboots To
"system"	Android
"recovery"	Recovery
"fastbootd"	Fastbootd
"bootloader"	Bootloader

Example:

DevicePower.RebootTo(conn, "recovery")

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DevicePower.Shutdown(conn, SafelyOrNo) -> None

Shuts down the device either gracefully or forcefully.

Parameter	Type	Description
conn	AdbConnection	Active USB or TCP/IP connection
SafelyOrNo	str	Shutdown mode: "graceful" or "force"

Value	Behaviour
"graceful"	Clean shutdown via svc power shutdown
"force"	Hard shutdown via reboot -p

Example:

DevicePower.Shutdown(conn, "graceful")

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OpenApp

Handles launching and force stopping apps on the device.

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OpenApp.Open(conn, PkgName) -> None

Launches an app by its package name using am start.

Parameter	Type	Description
conn	AdbConnection	Active USB or TCP/IP connection
PkgName	str	Android package name, e.g. "com.android.chrome"

Example:

OpenApp.Open(conn, "com.android.chrome")

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OpenApp.Close(conn, PkgName) -> None

Force stops an app by its package name using am force-stop.

Parameter	Type	Description
conn	AdbConnection	Active USB or TCP/IP connection
PkgName	str	Android package name, e.g. "com.android.chrome"

Example:

OpenApp.Close(conn, "com.android.chrome")

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AndroidInfo

Queries device information via getprop. All methods share a say parameter: if True, the value is printed. If False (default), it is returned as a string.

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AndroidInfo.AndroidVersion(conn, say=False) -> str | None

Returns the Android version, e.g. "14".

AndroidInfo.AndroidVersion(conn, say=True)
version=AndroidInfo.AndroidVersion(conn)

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AndroidInfo.AndroidSDKVersion(conn, say=False) -> str | None

Returns the SDK level, e.g. "34".

AndroidInfo.AndroidSDKVersion(conn, say=True)
sdk=AndroidInfo.AndroidSDKVersion(conn)

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AndroidInfo.AndroidBuildID(conn, say=False) -> str | None

Returns the build ID, e.g. "UQ1A.240205.002".

AndroidInfo.AndroidBuildID(conn, say=True)
build=AndroidInfo.AndroidBuildID(conn)

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SideloadAPK

Handles installing APK files onto the device.

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SideloadAPK.SideloadAPK(conn, APKPath) -> None

Installs an APK onto the device using pm install. Validates that the path exists and that the file has a .apk extension before attempting installation.

Parameter	Type	Description
conn	AdbConnection	Active USB or TCP/IP connection
APKPath	str	Full path to the APK file on the host machine

Example:

SideloadAPK.SideloadAPK(conn, "/home/user/Downloads/myapp.apk")

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Full Example

fromAdbConnectimportAdbUsbConnectfromAndroidAPIimportDeviceInfo, DevicePower, OpenApp, AndroidInfo, SideloadAPKconn=AdbUsbConnect()
print(DeviceInfo.GetDeviceInfo(conn))
AndroidInfo.AndroidVersion(conn, say=True)
AndroidInfo.AndroidSDKVersion(conn, say=True)
AndroidInfo.AndroidBuildID(conn, say=True)
OpenApp.Open(conn, "com.android.chrome")
OpenApp.Close(conn, "com.android.chrome")
SideloadAPK.SideloadAPK(conn, "/home/user/Downloads/myapp.apk")
DevicePower.Shutdown(conn, "graceful")
conn.close()

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Error Handling

All methods print errors in red using ANSI escape codes and call their own custom exceptions, For more info: See the code!

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Notes

• No adb or fastboot binary required on the host machine
• No subprocess calls anywhere in the codebase
• The RSA keypair is auto-generated on first run and saved to adbkey in the working directory
• DeviceInfo is a helper class and is not intended to be the primary interface
• Always call conn.close() when finished to release the USB or socket resource