[Go] Implement Consumer APIs for C Data Interface

[asfimport]

Implement importing of data from the C Data interface into the Go implementation via Zero-copy data buffers.

Reporter: Matthew Topol / @zeroshade
Assignee: Matthew Topol / @zeroshade

PRs and other links:

• GitHub Pull Request #11037

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-13816. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}

[asfimport]

Matthew Topol / @zeroshade:
Issue resolved by pull request 11037
#11037