[Fix](cast) process the invalid input from int to date to NULL

[zclllyybb]

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #xxx

Related PR: #xxx

Problem Summary:

before we forget set the return value, so for invalid input when doing int -> datev2, we won't return null. that's wrong.

before:

mysql>set enable_strict_cast=false;
mysql>set debug_skip_fold_constant=true;
mysql>select cast(2asdate);
+-----------------+
| cast(2asdate) |
+-----------------+
| |
+-----------------+

now:

mysql>select cast(2asdate);
+-----------------+
| cast(2asdate) |
+-----------------+
| NULL |
+-----------------+

Release note

None

Check List (For Author)

• Test

  • Regression test
  • Unit Test
  • Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
  • No need to test or manual test. Explain why:
    • This is a refactor/code format and no logic has been changed.
    • Previous test can cover this change.
    • No code files have been changed.
    • Other reason

• Behavior changed:

  • No.
  • Yes.

• Does this need documentation?

  • No.
  • Yes.

Check List (For Reviewer who merge this PR)

• Confirm the release note
• Confirm test cases
• Confirm document
• Add branch pick label

[hello-stephen]

Thank you for your contribution to Apache Doris.
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Please clearly describe your PR:

1. What problem was fixed (it's best to include specific error reporting information). How it was fixed.
2. Which behaviors were modified. What was the previous behavior, what is it now, why was it modified, and what possible impacts might there be.
3. What features were added. Why was this function added?
4. Which code was refactored and why was this part of the code refactored?
5. Which functions were optimized and what is the difference before and after the optimization?

[zclllyybb]

run buildall

[doris-robot]

TPC-H: Total hot run time: 33826 ms

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/tpch-tools
Tpch sf100 test result on commit f47ff15a634f7de07352bf42c18420f1a169ed93, data reload: false
------ Round 1 ----------------------------------
q1	17587	5252	5072	5072
q2	1926	279	183	183
q3	10301	1255	710	710
q4	10219	992	519	519
q5	7477	2409	2328	2328
q6	176	157	135	135
q7	915	751	592	592
q8	9309	1339	1072	1072
q9	6863	5098	5057	5057
q10	6886	2380	1967	1967
q11	480	289	273	273
q12	344	350	230	230
q13	17757	3667	3024	3024
q14	241	229	221	221
q15	548	484	486	484
q16	413	432	375	375
q17	596	845	355	355
q18	7493	7069	7049	7049
q19	1097	939	587	587
q20	342	338	213	213
q21	4261	3242	2386	2386
q22	1072	1030	994	994
Total cold run time: 106303 ms
Total hot run time: 33826 ms
----- Round 2, with runtime_filter_mode=off -----
q1	5185	5113	5154	5113
q2	244	327	220	220
q3	2189	2691	2293	2293
q4	1370	1771	1346	1346
q5	4190	4464	4451	4451
q6	210	171	134	134
q7	2068	2000	1790	1790
q8	2683	2523	2580	2523
q9	7236	7207	7234	7207
q10	3240	3265	2890	2890
q11	604	520	516	516
q12	703	782	617	617
q13	3562	4153	3229	3229
q14	283	308	291	291
q15	523	466	466	466
q16	461	493	468	468
q17	1239	1673	1364	1364
q18	7814	7779	7756	7756
q19	871	879	914	879
q20	1970	1936	1791	1791
q21	4734	4467	4334	4334
q22	1126	1044	1009	1009
Total cold run time: 52505 ms
Total hot run time: 50687 ms

[doris-robot]

TPC-DS: Total hot run time: 185475 ms

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/tpcds-tools
TPC-DS sf100 test result on commit f47ff15a634f7de07352bf42c18420f1a169ed93, data reload: false
query1	980	412	427	412
query2	6539	1723	1713	1713
query3	6746	223	212	212
query4	26121	24004	23346	23346
query5	4350	635	465	465
query6	308	213	199	199
query7	4624	499	287	287
query8	263	230	227	227
query9	8619	2858	2848	2848
query10	486	310	309	309
query11	15484	15119	14975	14975
query12	166	115	115	115
query13	1658	539	425	425
query14	8627	5705	5746	5705
query15	199	196	179	179
query16	7179	649	440	440
query17	1206	727	607	607
query18	2003	419	320	320
query19	201	189	161	161
query20	125	122	115	115
query21	210	131	114	114
query22	4110	4157	4158	4157
query23	34851	33559	33263	33263
query24	8231	2380	2353	2353
query25	540	466	416	416
query26	1061	266	158	158
query27	2746	506	340	340
query28	4338	2232	2191	2191
query29	705	612	448	448
query30	288	233	181	181
query31	867	801	738	738
query32	84	70	78	70
query33	543	367	321	321
query34	782	821	509	509
query35	830	788	753	753
query36	975	987	927	927
query37	121	103	83	83
query38	4026	4075	3952	3952
query39	1445	1408	1411	1408
query40	215	124	113	113
query41	58	58	54	54
query42	128	109	109	109
query43	513	491	456	456
query44	1355	860	844	844
query45	173	174	157	157
query46	866	1003	648	648
query47	1813	1858	1752	1752
query48	381	418	324	324
query49	682	488	406	406
query50	653	717	411	411
query51	4043	4214	4080	4080
query52	117	112	100	100
query53	229	259	197	197
query54	590	581	519	519
query55	90	86	82	82
query56	312	324	336	324
query57	1211	1215	1162	1162
query58	277	265	271	265
query59	2707	2704	2588	2588
query60	340	319	325	319
query61	130	125	124	124
query62	820	729	646	646
query63	228	189	185	185
query64	3739	1022	683	683
query65	4282	4236	4245	4236
query66	1086	404	316	316
query67	15499	15244	15090	15090
query68	8017	914	574	574
query69	478	321	274	274
query70	1186	1156	1102	1102
query71	451	322	306	306
query72	5748	4796	4781	4781
query73	770	695	351	351
query74	8948	9116	8823	8823
query75	3852	3057	2600	2600
query76	3663	1124	743	743
query77	790	483	321	321
query78	9636	9725	8919	8919
query79	2718	797	594	594
query80	687	532	506	506
query81	498	254	235	235
query82	459	136	107	107
query83	272	257	236	236
query84	294	95	88	88
query85	892	379	335	335
query86	394	335	319	319
query87	4208	4212	4193	4193
query88	3442	2199	2204	2199
query89	382	318	283	283
query90	1828	218	209	209
query91	146	140	109	109
query92	84	74	69	69
query93	1858	1026	639	639
query94	666	408	306	306
query95	402	307	310	307
query96	484	567	270	270
query97	2650	2713	2591	2591
query98	239	227	206	206
query99	1436	1407	1248	1248
Total cold run time: 272752 ms
Total hot run time: 185475 ms

[doris-robot]

ClickBench: Total hot run time: 32.44 s

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/clickbench-tools
ClickBench test result on commit f47ff15a634f7de07352bf42c18420f1a169ed93, data reload: false
query1	0.04	0.05	0.03
query2	0.09	0.04	0.04
query3	0.24	0.08	0.07
query4	1.62	0.12	0.11
query5	0.44	0.41	0.42
query6	1.19	0.64	0.68
query7	0.02	0.02	0.02
query8	0.04	0.04	0.04
query9	0.59	0.53	0.52
query10	0.57	0.58	0.57
query11	0.16	0.11	0.10
query12	0.14	0.11	0.12
query13	0.63	0.61	0.61
query14	0.80	0.83	0.83
query15	0.87	0.83	0.85
query16	0.40	0.38	0.40
query17	1.09	1.02	1.05
query18	0.21	0.20	0.20
query19	1.91	1.81	1.81
query20	0.02	0.01	0.01
query21	15.41	0.94	0.57
query22	0.77	1.06	0.62
query23	15.10	1.36	0.62
query24	6.69	0.93	0.82
query25	0.51	0.30	0.11
query26	0.61	0.15	0.12
query27	0.06	0.06	0.05
query28	10.26	0.95	0.43
query29	12.78	3.90	3.21
query30	3.11	3.06	2.97
query31	2.82	0.59	0.38
query32	3.22	0.54	0.47
query33	3.09	3.03	3.26
query34	15.99	5.47	4.87
query35	4.93	5.09	4.97
query36	0.70	0.51	0.49
query37	0.10	0.07	0.07
query38	0.05	0.04	0.04
query39	0.03	0.03	0.04
query40	0.18	0.14	0.14
query41	0.08	0.04	0.03
query42	0.04	0.03	0.02
query43	0.04	0.03	0.03
Total cold run time: 107.64 s
Total hot run time: 32.44 s

[doris-robot]

BE UT Coverage Report

Increment line coverage 100.00% (1/1) 🎉

Increment coverage report
Complete coverage report

Category	Coverage
Function Coverage	59.60% (16785/28164)
Line Coverage	48.54% (152743/314680)
Region Coverage	37.51% (116143/309647)
Branch Coverage	40.41% (51264/126857)

[hello-stephen]

BE Regression && UT Coverage Report

Increment line coverage 100.00% (1/1) 🎉

Increment coverage report
Complete coverage report

Category	Coverage
Function Coverage	82.06% (22645/27596)
Line Coverage	74.75% (235108/314517)
Region Coverage	61.97% (195290/315115)
Branch Coverage	66.08% (84461/127820)

[github-actions]

PR approved by at least one committer and no changes requested.

[github-actions]

PR approved by anyone and no changes requested.