[fix](prune nested column) fix prune nested column maybe throw NullPointerException

[924060929]

What problem does this PR solve?

fix prune nested column maybe throw NullPointerException, introduced by #58370

select k1 as k2 -- can not find s.k2, we should replace k2 to k1from
(
select struct_element(s, 'k1') k1
from tbl
)t

java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "org.apache.doris.nereids.rules.rewrite.NestedColumnPruning$DataTypeAccessTree.setAccessByPath(java.util.List, int, org.apache.doris.thrift.TAccessPathType)" because the return value of "java.util.Map.get(Object)" is null
at org.apache.doris.nereids.rules.rewrite.NestedColumnPruning$DataTypeAccessTree.setAccessByPath(NestedColumnPruning.java:431)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.rules.rewrite.NestedColumnPruning.pruneDataType(NestedColumnPruning.java:128)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.rules.rewrite.NestedColumnPruning.rewriteRoot(NestedColumnPruning.java:86)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.jobs.rewrite.CustomRewriteJob.execute(CustomRewriteJob.java:61)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.jobs.executor.AbstractBatchJobExecutor.execute(AbstractBatchJobExecutor.java:167)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.jobs.executor.Rewriter.lambda$execute$23(Rewriter.java:963)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.util.MoreFieldsThread.keepFunctionSignature(MoreFieldsThread.java:127)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.util.MoreFieldsThread.keepFunctionSignature(MoreFieldsThread.java:116)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.jobs.executor.Rewriter.execute(Rewriter.java:962)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.NereidsPlanner.lambda$rewrite$5(NereidsPlanner.java:434)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.NereidsPlanner.keepOrShowPlanProcess(NereidsPlanner.java:1109)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.NereidsPlanner.rewrite(NereidsPlanner.java:433)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.NereidsPlanner.planWithoutLock(NereidsPlanner.java:297)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.NereidsPlanner.planWithLock(NereidsPlanner.java:263)
at org.apache.doris.nereids.NereidsPlanner.plan(NereidsPlanner.java:162)
at org.apache.doris.qe.StmtExecutor.executeByNereids(StmtExecutor.java:748)
at org.apache.doris.qe.StmtExecutor.execute(StmtExecutor.java:541)
at org.apache.doris.qe.StmtExecutor.queryRetry(StmtExecutor.java:500)
at org.apache.doris.qe.StmtExecutor.execute(StmtExecutor.java:485)
at org.apache.doris.qe.ConnectProcessor.executeQuery(ConnectProcessor.java:311)
at org.apache.doris.qe.ConnectProcessor.handleQuery(ConnectProcessor.java:198)
at org.apache.doris.qe.MysqlConnectProcessor.handleQuery(MysqlConnectProcessor.java:231)
at org.apache.doris.qe.MysqlConnectProcessor.dispatch(MysqlConnectProcessor.java:259)
at org.apache.doris.qe.MysqlConnectProcessor.processOnce(MysqlConnectProcessor.java:403)
at org.apache.doris.mysql.ReadListener.lambda$handleEvent$0(ReadListener.java:52)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1136)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:635)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:840)

Check List (For Author)

• Test

  • Regression test
  • Unit Test
  • Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
  • No need to test or manual test. Explain why:
    • This is a refactor/code format and no logic has been changed.
    • Previous test can cover this change.
    • No code files have been changed.
    • Other reason

• Behavior changed:

  • No.
  • Yes.

• Does this need documentation?

  • No.
  • Yes.

Check List (For Reviewer who merge this PR)

• Confirm the release note
• Confirm test cases
• Confirm document
• Add branch pick label

[hello-stephen]

Thank you for your contribution to Apache Doris.
Don't know what should be done next? See How to process your PR.

Please clearly describe your PR:

1. What problem was fixed (it's best to include specific error reporting information). How it was fixed.
2. Which behaviors were modified. What was the previous behavior, what is it now, why was it modified, and what possible impacts might there be.
3. What features were added. Why was this function added?
4. Which code was refactored and why was this part of the code refactored?
5. Which functions were optimized and what is the difference before and after the optimization?

[924060929]

run buildall

[924060929]

run buildall

[doris-robot]

TPC-H: Total hot run time: 32126 ms

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/tpch-tools
Tpch sf100 test result on commit 92e36c9317a151c4bc912c52e735aa1f8c3f19ba, data reload: false
------ Round 1 ----------------------------------
q1	17626	5266	5109	5109
q2	2032	307	193	193
q3	10190	1290	766	766
q4	10212	866	323	323
q5	7556	2179	1902	1902
q6	204	204	154	154
q7	894	716	617	617
q8	9299	1375	1115	1115
q9	5292	4832	4919	4832
q10	6816	1945	1578	1578
q11	502	288	274	274
q12	334	378	225	225
q13	17791	4064	3278	3278
q14	245	252	226	226
q15	908	825	815	815
q16	689	676	620	620
q17	646	808	536	536
q18	6779	6504	6520	6504
q19	1247	995	607	607
q20	403	344	235	235
q21	2570	2008	1933	1933
q22	355	312	284	284
Total cold run time: 102590 ms
Total hot run time: 32126 ms
----- Round 2, with runtime_filter_mode=off -----
q1	5360	5325	5347	5325
q2	260	335	254	254
q3	2217	2706	2238	2238
q4	1364	1804	1345	1345
q5	4422	4263	4345	4263
q6	224	185	143	143
q7	2379	2174	1966	1966
q8	2633	2467	2422	2422
q9	7508	7417	7665	7417
q10	2836	3159	2585	2585
q11	537	469	437	437
q12	704	766	659	659
q13	3877	4768	3480	3480
q14	313	336	312	312
q15	872	817	805	805
q16	685	729	671	671
q17	1100	1374	1399	1374
q18	8273	7953	7804	7804
q19	882	951	875	875
q20	2071	2171	2082	2082
q21	4693	4236	4142	4142
q22	564	543	542	542
Total cold run time: 53774 ms
Total hot run time: 51141 ms

[doris-robot]

ClickBench: Total hot run time: 28.32 s

machine: 'aliyun_ecs.c7a.8xlarge_32C64G'
scripts: https://github.com/apache/doris/tree/master/tools/clickbench-tools
ClickBench test result on commit 92e36c9317a151c4bc912c52e735aa1f8c3f19ba, data reload: false
query1	0.06	0.05	0.05
query2	0.09	0.04	0.04
query3	0.27	0.08	0.08
query4	1.60	0.12	0.11
query5	0.27	0.24	0.24
query6	1.16	0.68	0.66
query7	0.03	0.03	0.03
query8	0.06	0.04	0.04
query9	0.57	0.49	0.50
query10	0.55	0.56	0.56
query11	0.14	0.09	0.11
query12	0.15	0.11	0.11
query13	0.66	0.64	0.63
query14	1.10	1.07	1.08
query15	0.89	0.88	0.87
query16	0.41	0.39	0.39
query17	1.18	1.16	1.11
query18	0.23	0.22	0.21
query19	2.15	2.03	2.00
query20	0.02	0.01	0.01
query21	15.41	0.26	0.15
query22	5.25	0.05	0.04
query23	16.02	0.29	0.10
query24	1.47	1.32	0.29
query25	0.11	0.07	0.06
query26	0.15	0.14	0.13
query27	0.06	0.05	0.07
query28	4.93	1.14	0.96
query29	12.60	3.86	3.13
query30	0.27	0.12	0.11
query31	2.82	0.63	0.41
query32	3.23	0.59	0.49
query33	3.20	3.31	3.27
query34	15.98	5.39	4.71
query35	4.84	4.83	4.77
query36	0.65	0.50	0.48
query37	0.12	0.07	0.07
query38	0.07	0.04	0.03
query39	0.04	0.03	0.04
query40	0.18	0.16	0.15
query41	0.09	0.03	0.03
query42	0.05	0.03	0.03
query43	0.05	0.04	0.04
Total cold run time: 99.18 s
Total hot run time: 28.32 s

[hello-stephen]

FE UT Coverage Report

Increment line coverage 100.00% (10/10) 🎉
Increment coverage report
Complete coverage report

[hello-stephen]

FE Regression Coverage Report

Increment line coverage 100.00% (10/10) 🎉
Increment coverage report
Complete coverage report

[github-actions]

PR approved by at least one committer and no changes requested.

[github-actions]

PR approved by anyone and no changes requested.