Add _dbg support for Windows, add more in-build testing (needs a new …

[mingwandroid]

…conda I fear due to using conda run there)

Checklist

• Used a fork of the feedstock to propose changes
• Bumped the build number (if the version is unchanged)
• Reset the build number to 0 (if the version changed)
• Re-rendered with the latest conda-smithy (Use the phrase @conda-forge-admin, please rerender in a comment in this PR for automated rerendering)
• Ensured the license file is being packaged.

[conda-forge-linter]

Hi! This is the friendly automated conda-forge-linting service.

I just wanted to let you know that I linted all conda-recipes in your PR (recipe) and found it was in an excellent condition.

[zklaus]

Just wanted to cheer you on. This would be really helpful for me to debug some windows builds.