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Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -147,20 +147,8 @@ public static void AddMultiply(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, float y, ReadOnlySpan<floa
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Cosh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<CoshOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the cosine similarity between the two specified non-empty, equal-length tensors of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The first tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1012,20 +1000,8 @@ public static void Sigmoid(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Sinh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<SinhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the softmax function over the specified non-empty tensor of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1177,20 +1153,8 @@ public static float SumOfSquares(ReadOnlySpan<float> x) =>
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Tanh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<TanhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Throws an exception if the <paramref name="input"/> and <paramref name="output"/> spans overlap and don't begin at the same memory location.</summary>
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.Arm;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace System.Numerics.Tensors
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -147,15 +148,15 @@ public static void ConvertToHalf(ReadOnlySpan<float> source, Span<Half> destinat
// so we convert the VectorXx<float> to a VectorXx<uint>, and the caller then uses this twice, narrows the combination
// into a VectorXx<ushort>, and then saves that out to the destination `ref Half` reinterpreted as `ref ushort`.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint MinExp = 0x3880_0000u; // Minimum exponent for rounding
const uint Exponent126 = 0x3f00_0000u; // Exponent displacement #1
const uint SingleBiasedExponentMask = 0x7F80_0000; // float.BiasedExponentMask; // Exponent mask
const uint Exponent13 = 0x0680_0000u; // Exponent displacement #2
const float MaxHalfValueBelowInfinity = 65520.0f; // Maximum value that is not Infinity in Half
const uint ExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000u; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in float
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<uint> SingleToHalfAsWidenedUInt32_Vector128(Vector128<float> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -462,13 +463,13 @@ public static void ConvertToSingle(ReadOnlySpan<Half> source, Span<float> destin
// The VectorXx<uint> is created by reading a vector of Halfs as a VectorXx<short> then widened to two VectorXx<int>s and cast to VectorXx<uint>s.
// We loop handling one input vector at a time, producing two output float vectors.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint ExponentLowerBound = 0x3880_0000u; // The smallest positive normal number in Half, converted to Single
const uint ExponentOffset = 0x3800_0000u; // BitConverter.SingleToUInt32Bits(1.0f) - ((uint)BitConverter.HalfToUInt16Bits((Half)1.0f) << 13)
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in Single
const uint HalfExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint HalfToSingleBitsMask = 0x0FFF_E000; // Mask for bits in Single converted from Half
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<float> HalfAsWidenedUInt32ToSingle_Vector128(Vector128<uint> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -2992,6 +2993,156 @@ public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_coshf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// Spec:
// coshf(|x| > 89.415985107421875) = Infinity
// coshf(Infinity) = infinity
// coshf(-Infinity) = infinity
//
// cosh(x) = (exp(x) + exp(-x))/2
// cosh(-x) = +cosh(x)
//
// checks for special cases
// if ( asint(x) > infinity) return x with overflow exception and
// return x.
// if x is NaN then raise invalid FP operation exception and return x.
//
// coshf = v/2 * exp(x - log(v)) where v = 0x1.0000e8p-1

private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
return Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
return Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
return Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// Same as cosh, but with `z -` rather than `z +`, and with the sign
// flipped on the result based on the sign of the input.

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;
private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
Vector128<float> result = Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
Vector256<float> result = Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
Vector512<float> result = Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_tanhf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
Comment thread
stephentoub marked this conversation as resolved.
//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// To compute vrs4_tanhf(v_f32x4_t x)
// Let y = |x|
// If 0 <= y < 0x1.154246p3
// Let z = e^(-2.0 * y) - 1 -(1)
//
// Using (1), tanhf(y) can be calculated as,
// tanhf(y) = -z / (z + 2.0)
//
// For other cases, call scalar tanhf()
//
// If x < 0, then we use the identity
// tanhf(-x) = -tanhf(x)

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector128.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector128.Create(1f);
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Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector128.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector256.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector256.Create(1f);
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector256.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector512.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector512.Create(1f);
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector512.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -1026,6 +1026,7 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x, Vector<float> y)
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) => Vector.Abs(x);
}

/// <summary>MathF.Exp(x)</summary>
private readonly struct ExpOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
Expand All@@ -1035,6 +1036,36 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
Loading
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Add copy buttons to all
 blocks\n(function() {\n function addCopyButtons() {\n document.querySelectorAll('pre code').forEach(function(codeBlock) {\n if (codeBlock.parentElement.hasAttribute('data-copy-added')) return;\n codeBlock.parentElement.setAttribute('data-copy-added', 'true');\n \n var btn = document.createElement('button');\n btn.textContent = 'Copy';\n btn.style.cssText = 'position:absolute;top:4px;right:4px;padding:2px 8px;font-size:11px;background:#4ecdc4;border:none;border-radius:4px;color:#1a1a2e;cursor:pointer;opacity:0.7;transition:opacity 0.2s;';\n btn.onmouseover = function() { this.style.opacity = '1'; };\n btn.onmouseout = function() { this.style.opacity = '0.7'; };\n btn.onclick = function() {\n navigator.clipboard.writeText(codeBlock.textContent).then(function() {\n btn.textContent = 'Copied!';\n setTimeout(function() { btn.textContent = 'Copy'; }, 1500);\n });\n };\n codeBlock.parentElement.style.position = 'relative';\n codeBlock.parentElement.appendChild(btn);\n });\n }\n \n addCopyButtons();\n \n // Re-run on dynamic content\n var observer = new MutationObserver(addCopyButtons);\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "Add Copy Buttons to Code Blocks");
}
} catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Add Copy Buttons to Code Blocks]', __e); }
})();
(function(){
try {
var __m = "github.com";
var __re = new RegExp('^' + "github\\.com" + '
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Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -147,20 +147,8 @@ public static void AddMultiply(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, float y, ReadOnlySpan<floa
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Cosh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<CoshOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the cosine similarity between the two specified non-empty, equal-length tensors of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The first tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1012,20 +1000,8 @@ public static void Sigmoid(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Sinh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<SinhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the softmax function over the specified non-empty tensor of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1177,20 +1153,8 @@ public static float SumOfSquares(ReadOnlySpan<float> x) =>
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Tanh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<TanhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Throws an exception if the <paramref name="input"/> and <paramref name="output"/> spans overlap and don't begin at the same memory location.</summary>
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.Arm;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace System.Numerics.Tensors
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -147,15 +148,15 @@ public static void ConvertToHalf(ReadOnlySpan<float> source, Span<Half> destinat
// so we convert the VectorXx<float> to a VectorXx<uint>, and the caller then uses this twice, narrows the combination
// into a VectorXx<ushort>, and then saves that out to the destination `ref Half` reinterpreted as `ref ushort`.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint MinExp = 0x3880_0000u; // Minimum exponent for rounding
const uint Exponent126 = 0x3f00_0000u; // Exponent displacement #1
const uint SingleBiasedExponentMask = 0x7F80_0000; // float.BiasedExponentMask; // Exponent mask
const uint Exponent13 = 0x0680_0000u; // Exponent displacement #2
const float MaxHalfValueBelowInfinity = 65520.0f; // Maximum value that is not Infinity in Half
const uint ExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000u; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in float
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<uint> SingleToHalfAsWidenedUInt32_Vector128(Vector128<float> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -462,13 +463,13 @@ public static void ConvertToSingle(ReadOnlySpan<Half> source, Span<float> destin
// The VectorXx<uint> is created by reading a vector of Halfs as a VectorXx<short> then widened to two VectorXx<int>s and cast to VectorXx<uint>s.
// We loop handling one input vector at a time, producing two output float vectors.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint ExponentLowerBound = 0x3880_0000u; // The smallest positive normal number in Half, converted to Single
const uint ExponentOffset = 0x3800_0000u; // BitConverter.SingleToUInt32Bits(1.0f) - ((uint)BitConverter.HalfToUInt16Bits((Half)1.0f) << 13)
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in Single
const uint HalfExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint HalfToSingleBitsMask = 0x0FFF_E000; // Mask for bits in Single converted from Half
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<float> HalfAsWidenedUInt32ToSingle_Vector128(Vector128<uint> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -2992,6 +2993,156 @@ public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_coshf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// Spec:
// coshf(|x| > 89.415985107421875) = Infinity
// coshf(Infinity) = infinity
// coshf(-Infinity) = infinity
//
// cosh(x) = (exp(x) + exp(-x))/2
// cosh(-x) = +cosh(x)
//
// checks for special cases
// if ( asint(x) > infinity) return x with overflow exception and
// return x.
// if x is NaN then raise invalid FP operation exception and return x.
//
// coshf = v/2 * exp(x - log(v)) where v = 0x1.0000e8p-1

private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
return Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
return Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
return Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// Same as cosh, but with `z -` rather than `z +`, and with the sign
// flipped on the result based on the sign of the input.

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;
private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
Vector128<float> result = Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
Vector256<float> result = Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
Vector512<float> result = Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_tanhf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
Comment thread
stephentoub marked this conversation as resolved.
//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// To compute vrs4_tanhf(v_f32x4_t x)
// Let y = |x|
// If 0 <= y < 0x1.154246p3
// Let z = e^(-2.0 * y) - 1 -(1)
//
// Using (1), tanhf(y) can be calculated as,
// tanhf(y) = -z / (z + 2.0)
//
// For other cases, call scalar tanhf()
//
// If x < 0, then we use the identity
// tanhf(-x) = -tanhf(x)

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector128.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector128.Create(1f);
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Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector128.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector256.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector256.Create(1f);
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector256.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector512.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector512.Create(1f);
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector512.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -1026,6 +1026,7 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x, Vector<float> y)
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) => Vector.Abs(x);
}

/// <summary>MathF.Exp(x)</summary>
private readonly struct ExpOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
Expand All@@ -1035,6 +1036,36 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
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Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -147,20 +147,8 @@ public static void AddMultiply(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, float y, ReadOnlySpan<floa
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Cosh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<CoshOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the cosine similarity between the two specified non-empty, equal-length tensors of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The first tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1012,20 +1000,8 @@ public static void Sigmoid(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Sinh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<SinhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the softmax function over the specified non-empty tensor of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1177,20 +1153,8 @@ public static float SumOfSquares(ReadOnlySpan<float> x) =>
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Tanh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<TanhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Throws an exception if the <paramref name="input"/> and <paramref name="output"/> spans overlap and don't begin at the same memory location.</summary>
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.Arm;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace System.Numerics.Tensors
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -147,15 +148,15 @@ public static void ConvertToHalf(ReadOnlySpan<float> source, Span<Half> destinat
// so we convert the VectorXx<float> to a VectorXx<uint>, and the caller then uses this twice, narrows the combination
// into a VectorXx<ushort>, and then saves that out to the destination `ref Half` reinterpreted as `ref ushort`.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint MinExp = 0x3880_0000u; // Minimum exponent for rounding
const uint Exponent126 = 0x3f00_0000u; // Exponent displacement #1
const uint SingleBiasedExponentMask = 0x7F80_0000; // float.BiasedExponentMask; // Exponent mask
const uint Exponent13 = 0x0680_0000u; // Exponent displacement #2
const float MaxHalfValueBelowInfinity = 65520.0f; // Maximum value that is not Infinity in Half
const uint ExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000u; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in float
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<uint> SingleToHalfAsWidenedUInt32_Vector128(Vector128<float> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -462,13 +463,13 @@ public static void ConvertToSingle(ReadOnlySpan<Half> source, Span<float> destin
// The VectorXx<uint> is created by reading a vector of Halfs as a VectorXx<short> then widened to two VectorXx<int>s and cast to VectorXx<uint>s.
// We loop handling one input vector at a time, producing two output float vectors.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint ExponentLowerBound = 0x3880_0000u; // The smallest positive normal number in Half, converted to Single
const uint ExponentOffset = 0x3800_0000u; // BitConverter.SingleToUInt32Bits(1.0f) - ((uint)BitConverter.HalfToUInt16Bits((Half)1.0f) << 13)
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in Single
const uint HalfExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint HalfToSingleBitsMask = 0x0FFF_E000; // Mask for bits in Single converted from Half
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<float> HalfAsWidenedUInt32ToSingle_Vector128(Vector128<uint> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -2992,6 +2993,156 @@ public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_coshf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// Spec:
// coshf(|x| > 89.415985107421875) = Infinity
// coshf(Infinity) = infinity
// coshf(-Infinity) = infinity
//
// cosh(x) = (exp(x) + exp(-x))/2
// cosh(-x) = +cosh(x)
//
// checks for special cases
// if ( asint(x) > infinity) return x with overflow exception and
// return x.
// if x is NaN then raise invalid FP operation exception and return x.
//
// coshf = v/2 * exp(x - log(v)) where v = 0x1.0000e8p-1

private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
return Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
return Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
return Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// Same as cosh, but with `z -` rather than `z +`, and with the sign
// flipped on the result based on the sign of the input.

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;
private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
Vector128<float> result = Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
Vector256<float> result = Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
Vector512<float> result = Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_tanhf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
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//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// To compute vrs4_tanhf(v_f32x4_t x)
// Let y = |x|
// If 0 <= y < 0x1.154246p3
// Let z = e^(-2.0 * y) - 1 -(1)
//
// Using (1), tanhf(y) can be calculated as,
// tanhf(y) = -z / (z + 2.0)
//
// For other cases, call scalar tanhf()
//
// If x < 0, then we use the identity
// tanhf(-x) = -tanhf(x)

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector128.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector128.Create(1f);
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Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector128.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector256.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector256.Create(1f);
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector256.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector512.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector512.Create(1f);
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector512.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -1026,6 +1026,7 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x, Vector<float> y)
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) => Vector.Abs(x);
}

/// <summary>MathF.Exp(x)</summary>
private readonly struct ExpOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
Expand All@@ -1035,6 +1036,36 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
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, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Highlight search terms from Google/DuckDuckGo/Bing referrer\n(function() {\n var ref = document.referrer;\n var terms = [];\n \n if (ref.includes('google.com') || ref.includes('duckduckgo.com') || ref.includes('bing.com')) {\n var url = new URL(ref);\n var q = url.searchParams.get('q') || url.searchParams.get('p');\n if (q) {\n terms = q.split(/\\s+/).filter(function(t) { return t.length > 2; });\n }\n }\n \n if (terms.length === 0) return;\n \n var style = document.createElement('style');\n style.textContent = '.userscript-highlight { background: #fbbf24; color: #1a1a2e; padding: 1px 3px; border-radius: 2px; }';\n document.head.appendChild(style);\n \n function highlight(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 3) { // text node\n var text = node.textContent;\n var found = false;\n terms.forEach(function(term) {\n var regex = new RegExp('(' + term.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\\]\\\\]/g, '\\\\') + ')', 'gi');\n if (regex.test(text)) {\n found = true;\n var frag = document.createDocumentFragment();\n var parts = text.split(regex);\n parts.forEach(function(part, i) {\n if (i % 2 === 0) {\n frag.appendChild(document.createTextNode(part));\n } else {\n var span = document.createElement('span');\n span.className = 'userscript-highlight';\n span.textContent = part;\n frag.appendChild(span);\n }\n });\n node.parentNode.replaceChild(frag, node);\n }\n });\n } else if (node.nodeType === 1 && node.childNodes) { // element\n var skipTags = ['SCRIPT', 'STYLE', 'NOSCRIPT', 'TEXTAREA', 'INPUT', 'SELECT'];\n if (!skipTags.includes(node.tagName)) {\n Array.from(node.childNodes).forEach(highlight);\n }\n }\n }\n \n highlight(document.body);\n \n // Re-highlight on dynamic content\n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n mutations.forEach(function(m) {\n m.addedNodes.forEach(function(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 1 || node.nodeType === 3) highlight(node);\n });\n });\n });\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "Highlight Search Terms"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Highlight Search Terms]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
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Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -147,20 +147,8 @@ public static void AddMultiply(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, float y, ReadOnlySpan<floa
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Cosh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<CoshOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the cosine similarity between the two specified non-empty, equal-length tensors of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The first tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1012,20 +1000,8 @@ public static void Sigmoid(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Sinh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<SinhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the softmax function over the specified non-empty tensor of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1177,20 +1153,8 @@ public static float SumOfSquares(ReadOnlySpan<float> x) =>
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Tanh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<TanhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Throws an exception if the <paramref name="input"/> and <paramref name="output"/> spans overlap and don't begin at the same memory location.</summary>
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.Arm;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace System.Numerics.Tensors
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -147,15 +148,15 @@ public static void ConvertToHalf(ReadOnlySpan<float> source, Span<Half> destinat
// so we convert the VectorXx<float> to a VectorXx<uint>, and the caller then uses this twice, narrows the combination
// into a VectorXx<ushort>, and then saves that out to the destination `ref Half` reinterpreted as `ref ushort`.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint MinExp = 0x3880_0000u; // Minimum exponent for rounding
const uint Exponent126 = 0x3f00_0000u; // Exponent displacement #1
const uint SingleBiasedExponentMask = 0x7F80_0000; // float.BiasedExponentMask; // Exponent mask
const uint Exponent13 = 0x0680_0000u; // Exponent displacement #2
const float MaxHalfValueBelowInfinity = 65520.0f; // Maximum value that is not Infinity in Half
const uint ExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000u; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in float
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<uint> SingleToHalfAsWidenedUInt32_Vector128(Vector128<float> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -462,13 +463,13 @@ public static void ConvertToSingle(ReadOnlySpan<Half> source, Span<float> destin
// The VectorXx<uint> is created by reading a vector of Halfs as a VectorXx<short> then widened to two VectorXx<int>s and cast to VectorXx<uint>s.
// We loop handling one input vector at a time, producing two output float vectors.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint ExponentLowerBound = 0x3880_0000u; // The smallest positive normal number in Half, converted to Single
const uint ExponentOffset = 0x3800_0000u; // BitConverter.SingleToUInt32Bits(1.0f) - ((uint)BitConverter.HalfToUInt16Bits((Half)1.0f) << 13)
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in Single
const uint HalfExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint HalfToSingleBitsMask = 0x0FFF_E000; // Mask for bits in Single converted from Half
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<float> HalfAsWidenedUInt32ToSingle_Vector128(Vector128<uint> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -2992,6 +2993,156 @@ public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_coshf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// Spec:
// coshf(|x| > 89.415985107421875) = Infinity
// coshf(Infinity) = infinity
// coshf(-Infinity) = infinity
//
// cosh(x) = (exp(x) + exp(-x))/2
// cosh(-x) = +cosh(x)
//
// checks for special cases
// if ( asint(x) > infinity) return x with overflow exception and
// return x.
// if x is NaN then raise invalid FP operation exception and return x.
//
// coshf = v/2 * exp(x - log(v)) where v = 0x1.0000e8p-1

private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
return Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
return Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
return Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// Same as cosh, but with `z -` rather than `z +`, and with the sign
// flipped on the result based on the sign of the input.

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;
private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
Vector128<float> result = Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
Vector256<float> result = Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
Vector512<float> result = Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_tanhf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
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//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// To compute vrs4_tanhf(v_f32x4_t x)
// Let y = |x|
// If 0 <= y < 0x1.154246p3
// Let z = e^(-2.0 * y) - 1 -(1)
//
// Using (1), tanhf(y) can be calculated as,
// tanhf(y) = -z / (z + 2.0)
//
// For other cases, call scalar tanhf()
//
// If x < 0, then we use the identity
// tanhf(-x) = -tanhf(x)

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector128.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector128.Create(1f);
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Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector128.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector256.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector256.Create(1f);
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector256.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector512.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector512.Create(1f);
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector512.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -1026,6 +1026,7 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x, Vector<float> y)
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) => Vector.Abs(x);
}

/// <summary>MathF.Exp(x)</summary>
private readonly struct ExpOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
Expand All@@ -1035,6 +1036,36 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
Loading
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Strip utm_, fbclid, gclid, etc. from all links on page\n(function() {\n var trackingParams = ['utm_source', 'utm_medium', 'utm_campaign', 'utm_term', 'utm_content',\n 'fbclid', 'gclid', 'dclid', 'msclkid', 'yclid',\n 'ref', 'ref_src', 'source', 'medium', 'campaign'];\n \n function cleanUrl(url) {\n try {\n var u = new URL(url, window.location.origin);\n var changed = false;\n trackingParams.forEach(function(p) {\n if (u.searchParams.has(p)) {\n u.searchParams.delete(p);\n changed = true;\n }\n });\n return changed ? u.toString() : url;\n } catch (e) {\n return url;\n }\n }\n \n function cleanLinks() {\n document.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a) {\n var clean = cleanUrl(a.href);\n if (clean !== a.href) a.href = clean;\n });\n }\n \n cleanLinks();\n \n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n mutations.forEach(function(m) {\n m.addedNodes.forEach(function(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 1) {\n if (node.tagName === 'A') cleanLinks();\n node.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a) {\n var clean = cleanUrl(a.href);\n if (clean !== a.href) a.href = clean;\n });\n }\n });\n });\n });\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "Remove Tracking Parameters from Links"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Remove Tracking Parameters from Links]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "youtube.com"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + "youtube\\.com" + '
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Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -147,20 +147,8 @@ public static void AddMultiply(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, float y, ReadOnlySpan<floa
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Cosh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<CoshOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the cosine similarity between the two specified non-empty, equal-length tensors of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The first tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1012,20 +1000,8 @@ public static void Sigmoid(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Sinh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<SinhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the softmax function over the specified non-empty tensor of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1177,20 +1153,8 @@ public static float SumOfSquares(ReadOnlySpan<float> x) =>
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Tanh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<TanhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Throws an exception if the <paramref name="input"/> and <paramref name="output"/> spans overlap and don't begin at the same memory location.</summary>
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.Arm;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace System.Numerics.Tensors
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -147,15 +148,15 @@ public static void ConvertToHalf(ReadOnlySpan<float> source, Span<Half> destinat
// so we convert the VectorXx<float> to a VectorXx<uint>, and the caller then uses this twice, narrows the combination
// into a VectorXx<ushort>, and then saves that out to the destination `ref Half` reinterpreted as `ref ushort`.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint MinExp = 0x3880_0000u; // Minimum exponent for rounding
const uint Exponent126 = 0x3f00_0000u; // Exponent displacement #1
const uint SingleBiasedExponentMask = 0x7F80_0000; // float.BiasedExponentMask; // Exponent mask
const uint Exponent13 = 0x0680_0000u; // Exponent displacement #2
const float MaxHalfValueBelowInfinity = 65520.0f; // Maximum value that is not Infinity in Half
const uint ExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000u; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in float
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<uint> SingleToHalfAsWidenedUInt32_Vector128(Vector128<float> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -462,13 +463,13 @@ public static void ConvertToSingle(ReadOnlySpan<Half> source, Span<float> destin
// The VectorXx<uint> is created by reading a vector of Halfs as a VectorXx<short> then widened to two VectorXx<int>s and cast to VectorXx<uint>s.
// We loop handling one input vector at a time, producing two output float vectors.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint ExponentLowerBound = 0x3880_0000u; // The smallest positive normal number in Half, converted to Single
const uint ExponentOffset = 0x3800_0000u; // BitConverter.SingleToUInt32Bits(1.0f) - ((uint)BitConverter.HalfToUInt16Bits((Half)1.0f) << 13)
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in Single
const uint HalfExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint HalfToSingleBitsMask = 0x0FFF_E000; // Mask for bits in Single converted from Half
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<float> HalfAsWidenedUInt32ToSingle_Vector128(Vector128<uint> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -2992,6 +2993,156 @@ public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_coshf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// Spec:
// coshf(|x| > 89.415985107421875) = Infinity
// coshf(Infinity) = infinity
// coshf(-Infinity) = infinity
//
// cosh(x) = (exp(x) + exp(-x))/2
// cosh(-x) = +cosh(x)
//
// checks for special cases
// if ( asint(x) > infinity) return x with overflow exception and
// return x.
// if x is NaN then raise invalid FP operation exception and return x.
//
// coshf = v/2 * exp(x - log(v)) where v = 0x1.0000e8p-1

private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
return Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
return Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
return Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// Same as cosh, but with `z -` rather than `z +`, and with the sign
// flipped on the result based on the sign of the input.

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;
private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
Vector128<float> result = Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
Vector256<float> result = Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
Vector512<float> result = Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_tanhf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
Comment thread
stephentoub marked this conversation as resolved.
//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// To compute vrs4_tanhf(v_f32x4_t x)
// Let y = |x|
// If 0 <= y < 0x1.154246p3
// Let z = e^(-2.0 * y) - 1 -(1)
//
// Using (1), tanhf(y) can be calculated as,
// tanhf(y) = -z / (z + 2.0)
//
// For other cases, call scalar tanhf()
//
// If x < 0, then we use the identity
// tanhf(-x) = -tanhf(x)

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector128.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector128.Create(1f);
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Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector128.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector256.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector256.Create(1f);
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector256.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector512.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector512.Create(1f);
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector512.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -1026,6 +1026,7 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x, Vector<float> y)
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) => Vector.Abs(x);
}

/// <summary>MathF.Exp(x)</summary>
private readonly struct ExpOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
Expand All@@ -1035,6 +1036,36 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
Loading
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Auto-enable theater mode on YouTube\n(function() {\n function tryTheater() {\n var btn = document.querySelector('button[aria-label=\"Theater mode\"], ytd-player #player button[title=\"Theater mode\"]');\n if (btn && !btn.classList.contains('activated')) {\n btn.click();\n }\n }\n \n // Try immediately\n tryTheater();\n \n // Try after navigation (SPA)\n var lastUrl = location.href;\n setInterval(function() {\n if (location.href !== lastUrl) {\n lastUrl = location.href;\n setTimeout(tryTheater, 500);\n }\n }, 1000);\n \n // Also try on player load\n var observer = new MutationObserver(tryTheater);\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "YouTube Theater Mode Default"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:YouTube Theater Mode Default]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
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Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -147,20 +147,8 @@ public static void AddMultiply(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, float y, ReadOnlySpan<floa
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Cosh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<CoshOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the cosine similarity between the two specified non-empty, equal-length tensors of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The first tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1012,20 +1000,8 @@ public static void Sigmoid(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Sinh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<SinhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the softmax function over the specified non-empty tensor of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1177,20 +1153,8 @@ public static float SumOfSquares(ReadOnlySpan<float> x) =>
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Tanh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<TanhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Throws an exception if the <paramref name="input"/> and <paramref name="output"/> spans overlap and don't begin at the same memory location.</summary>
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.Arm;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace System.Numerics.Tensors
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -147,15 +148,15 @@ public static void ConvertToHalf(ReadOnlySpan<float> source, Span<Half> destinat
// so we convert the VectorXx<float> to a VectorXx<uint>, and the caller then uses this twice, narrows the combination
// into a VectorXx<ushort>, and then saves that out to the destination `ref Half` reinterpreted as `ref ushort`.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint MinExp = 0x3880_0000u; // Minimum exponent for rounding
const uint Exponent126 = 0x3f00_0000u; // Exponent displacement #1
const uint SingleBiasedExponentMask = 0x7F80_0000; // float.BiasedExponentMask; // Exponent mask
const uint Exponent13 = 0x0680_0000u; // Exponent displacement #2
const float MaxHalfValueBelowInfinity = 65520.0f; // Maximum value that is not Infinity in Half
const uint ExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000u; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in float
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<uint> SingleToHalfAsWidenedUInt32_Vector128(Vector128<float> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -462,13 +463,13 @@ public static void ConvertToSingle(ReadOnlySpan<Half> source, Span<float> destin
// The VectorXx<uint> is created by reading a vector of Halfs as a VectorXx<short> then widened to two VectorXx<int>s and cast to VectorXx<uint>s.
// We loop handling one input vector at a time, producing two output float vectors.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint ExponentLowerBound = 0x3880_0000u; // The smallest positive normal number in Half, converted to Single
const uint ExponentOffset = 0x3800_0000u; // BitConverter.SingleToUInt32Bits(1.0f) - ((uint)BitConverter.HalfToUInt16Bits((Half)1.0f) << 13)
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in Single
const uint HalfExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint HalfToSingleBitsMask = 0x0FFF_E000; // Mask for bits in Single converted from Half
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<float> HalfAsWidenedUInt32ToSingle_Vector128(Vector128<uint> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -2992,6 +2993,156 @@ public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_coshf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// Spec:
// coshf(|x| > 89.415985107421875) = Infinity
// coshf(Infinity) = infinity
// coshf(-Infinity) = infinity
//
// cosh(x) = (exp(x) + exp(-x))/2
// cosh(-x) = +cosh(x)
//
// checks for special cases
// if ( asint(x) > infinity) return x with overflow exception and
// return x.
// if x is NaN then raise invalid FP operation exception and return x.
//
// coshf = v/2 * exp(x - log(v)) where v = 0x1.0000e8p-1

private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
return Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
return Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
return Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// Same as cosh, but with `z -` rather than `z +`, and with the sign
// flipped on the result based on the sign of the input.

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;
private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
Vector128<float> result = Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
Vector256<float> result = Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
Vector512<float> result = Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_tanhf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
Comment thread
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//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// To compute vrs4_tanhf(v_f32x4_t x)
// Let y = |x|
// If 0 <= y < 0x1.154246p3
// Let z = e^(-2.0 * y) - 1 -(1)
//
// Using (1), tanhf(y) can be calculated as,
// tanhf(y) = -z / (z + 2.0)
//
// For other cases, call scalar tanhf()
//
// If x < 0, then we use the identity
// tanhf(-x) = -tanhf(x)

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector128.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector128.Create(1f);
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Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector128.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector256.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector256.Create(1f);
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector256.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector512.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector512.Create(1f);
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector512.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -1026,6 +1026,7 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x, Vector<float> y)
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) => Vector.Abs(x);
}

/// <summary>MathF.Exp(x)</summary>
private readonly struct ExpOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
Expand All@@ -1035,6 +1036,36 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
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Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -147,20 +147,8 @@ public static void AddMultiply(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, float y, ReadOnlySpan<floa
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Cosh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<CoshOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the cosine similarity between the two specified non-empty, equal-length tensors of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The first tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1012,20 +1000,8 @@ public static void Sigmoid(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Sinh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<SinhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the softmax function over the specified non-empty tensor of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1177,20 +1153,8 @@ public static float SumOfSquares(ReadOnlySpan<float> x) =>
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Tanh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<TanhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Throws an exception if the <paramref name="input"/> and <paramref name="output"/> spans overlap and don't begin at the same memory location.</summary>
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.Arm;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace System.Numerics.Tensors
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -147,15 +148,15 @@ public static void ConvertToHalf(ReadOnlySpan<float> source, Span<Half> destinat
// so we convert the VectorXx<float> to a VectorXx<uint>, and the caller then uses this twice, narrows the combination
// into a VectorXx<ushort>, and then saves that out to the destination `ref Half` reinterpreted as `ref ushort`.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint MinExp = 0x3880_0000u; // Minimum exponent for rounding
const uint Exponent126 = 0x3f00_0000u; // Exponent displacement #1
const uint SingleBiasedExponentMask = 0x7F80_0000; // float.BiasedExponentMask; // Exponent mask
const uint Exponent13 = 0x0680_0000u; // Exponent displacement #2
const float MaxHalfValueBelowInfinity = 65520.0f; // Maximum value that is not Infinity in Half
const uint ExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000u; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in float
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<uint> SingleToHalfAsWidenedUInt32_Vector128(Vector128<float> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -462,13 +463,13 @@ public static void ConvertToSingle(ReadOnlySpan<Half> source, Span<float> destin
// The VectorXx<uint> is created by reading a vector of Halfs as a VectorXx<short> then widened to two VectorXx<int>s and cast to VectorXx<uint>s.
// We loop handling one input vector at a time, producing two output float vectors.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint ExponentLowerBound = 0x3880_0000u; // The smallest positive normal number in Half, converted to Single
const uint ExponentOffset = 0x3800_0000u; // BitConverter.SingleToUInt32Bits(1.0f) - ((uint)BitConverter.HalfToUInt16Bits((Half)1.0f) << 13)
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in Single
const uint HalfExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint HalfToSingleBitsMask = 0x0FFF_E000; // Mask for bits in Single converted from Half
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<float> HalfAsWidenedUInt32ToSingle_Vector128(Vector128<uint> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -2992,6 +2993,156 @@ public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_coshf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// Spec:
// coshf(|x| > 89.415985107421875) = Infinity
// coshf(Infinity) = infinity
// coshf(-Infinity) = infinity
//
// cosh(x) = (exp(x) + exp(-x))/2
// cosh(-x) = +cosh(x)
//
// checks for special cases
// if ( asint(x) > infinity) return x with overflow exception and
// return x.
// if x is NaN then raise invalid FP operation exception and return x.
//
// coshf = v/2 * exp(x - log(v)) where v = 0x1.0000e8p-1

private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
return Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
return Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
return Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// Same as cosh, but with `z -` rather than `z +`, and with the sign
// flipped on the result based on the sign of the input.

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;
private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
Vector128<float> result = Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
Vector256<float> result = Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
Vector512<float> result = Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_tanhf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
Comment thread
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//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// To compute vrs4_tanhf(v_f32x4_t x)
// Let y = |x|
// If 0 <= y < 0x1.154246p3
// Let z = e^(-2.0 * y) - 1 -(1)
//
// Using (1), tanhf(y) can be calculated as,
// tanhf(y) = -z / (z + 2.0)
//
// For other cases, call scalar tanhf()
//
// If x < 0, then we use the identity
// tanhf(-x) = -tanhf(x)

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector128.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector128.Create(1f);
Comment thread
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Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector128.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector256.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector256.Create(1f);
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector256.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector512.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector512.Create(1f);
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector512.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -1026,6 +1026,7 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x, Vector<float> y)
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) => Vector.Abs(x);
}

/// <summary>MathF.Exp(x)</summary>
private readonly struct ExpOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
Expand All@@ -1035,6 +1036,36 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
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, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Universal Dark Mode - works on any site\n(function() {\n var enabled = true;\n \n function applyDarkMode() {\n if (!enabled) return;\n \n // Create style element if it doesn't exist\n var style = document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style');\n if (!style) {\n style = document.createElement('style');\n style.id = 'universal-dark-mode-style';\n document.head.appendChild(style);\n }\n \n // Dark mode CSS - inverts colors but preserves images/video\n style.textContent = '\n /* Invert everything except media */\n html {\n filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important;\n background: #1a1a2e !important;\n }\n \n /* Restore images, videos, iframes, canvas */\n img, video, iframe, canvas, svg, picture, [style*=\"background-image\"] {\n filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important;\n }\n \n /* Preserve specific elements that should not be inverted */\n .no-dark-mode, .no-dark-mode *,\n [data-theme=\"light\"], [data-theme=\"light\"],\n .ace_editor, .ace_editor *,\n .CodeMirror, .CodeMirror *,\n .monaco-editor, .monaco-editor *,\n .markdown-body pre, .markdown-body pre *,\n .highlight, .highlight *,\n pre code, pre code * {\n filter: none !important;\n }\n \n /* Fix common UI elements */\n .modal, .popup, .dropdown-menu, .tooltip, .popover {\n filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important;\n background: #2d2d44 !important;\n border-color: #444 !important;\n }\n \n /* Scrollbars */\n ::-webkit-scrollbar { background: #1a1a2e !important; }\n ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #444 !important; }\n ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: #555 !important; }\n \n /* Selection */\n ::selection { background: #4ecdc4 !important; color: #1a1a2e !important; }\n ::-moz-selection { background: #4ecdc4 !important; color: #1a1a2e !important; }\n ';\n }\n \n function removeDarkMode() {\n var style = document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style');\n if (style) style.remove();\n }\n \n // Toggle with Alt+Shift+D\n document.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) {\n if (e.altKey && e.shiftKey && e.key === 'D') {\n e.preventDefault();\n enabled = !enabled;\n if (enabled) {\n applyDarkMode();\n console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Enabled');\n } else {\n removeDarkMode();\n console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Disabled');\n }\n }\n });\n \n // Apply on load\n applyDarkMode();\n \n // Re-apply on dynamic content\n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n if (enabled && !document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style')) {\n applyDarkMode();\n }\n });\n observer.observe(document.head, { childList: true });\n \n console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Loaded - Press Alt+Shift+D to toggle');\n})();", "Universal Dark Mode"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Universal Dark Mode]', __e); } })(); })();
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Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -147,20 +147,8 @@ public static void AddMultiply(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, float y, ReadOnlySpan<floa
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Cosh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Cosh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<CoshOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the cosine similarity between the two specified non-empty, equal-length tensors of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The first tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1012,20 +1000,8 @@ public static void Sigmoid(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Sinh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Sinh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<SinhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Computes the softmax function over the specified non-empty tensor of single-precision floating-point numbers.</summary>
/// <param name="x">The tensor, represented as a span.</param>
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -1177,20 +1153,8 @@ public static float SumOfSquares(ReadOnlySpan<float> x) =>
/// operating systems or architectures.
/// </para>
/// </remarks>
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination)
{
if (x.Length > destination.Length)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowArgument_DestinationTooShort();
}

ValidateInputOutputSpanNonOverlapping(x, destination);

for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
{
destination[i] = MathF.Tanh(x[i]);
}
}
public static void Tanh(ReadOnlySpan<float> x, Span<float> destination) =>
InvokeSpanIntoSpan<TanhOperator>(x, destination);

/// <summary>Throws an exception if the <paramref name="input"/> and <paramref name="output"/> spans overlap and don't begin at the same memory location.</summary>
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.Arm;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace System.Numerics.Tensors
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -147,15 +148,15 @@ public static void ConvertToHalf(ReadOnlySpan<float> source, Span<Half> destinat
// so we convert the VectorXx<float> to a VectorXx<uint>, and the caller then uses this twice, narrows the combination
// into a VectorXx<ushort>, and then saves that out to the destination `ref Half` reinterpreted as `ref ushort`.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint MinExp = 0x3880_0000u; // Minimum exponent for rounding
const uint Exponent126 = 0x3f00_0000u; // Exponent displacement #1
const uint SingleBiasedExponentMask = 0x7F80_0000; // float.BiasedExponentMask; // Exponent mask
const uint Exponent13 = 0x0680_0000u; // Exponent displacement #2
const float MaxHalfValueBelowInfinity = 65520.0f; // Maximum value that is not Infinity in Half
const uint ExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000u; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in float
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<uint> SingleToHalfAsWidenedUInt32_Vector128(Vector128<float> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -462,13 +463,13 @@ public static void ConvertToSingle(ReadOnlySpan<Half> source, Span<float> destin
// The VectorXx<uint> is created by reading a vector of Halfs as a VectorXx<short> then widened to two VectorXx<int>s and cast to VectorXx<uint>s.
// We loop handling one input vector at a time, producing two output float vectors.

#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
#pragma warning disable IDE0059 // https://github.com/dotnet/roslyn/issues/44948
const uint ExponentLowerBound = 0x3880_0000u; // The smallest positive normal number in Half, converted to Single
const uint ExponentOffset = 0x3800_0000u; // BitConverter.SingleToUInt32Bits(1.0f) - ((uint)BitConverter.HalfToUInt16Bits((Half)1.0f) << 13)
const uint SingleSignMask = 0x8000_0000; // float.SignMask; // Mask for sign bit in Single
const uint HalfExponentMask = 0x7C00; // Mask for exponent bits in Half
const uint HalfToSingleBitsMask = 0x0FFF_E000; // Mask for bits in Single converted from Half
#pragma warning restore IDE0059
#pragma warning restore IDE0059

static Vector128<float> HalfAsWidenedUInt32ToSingle_Vector128(Vector128<uint> value)
{
Expand DownExpand Up@@ -2992,6 +2993,156 @@ public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_coshf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// Spec:
// coshf(|x| > 89.415985107421875) = Infinity
// coshf(Infinity) = infinity
// coshf(-Infinity) = infinity
//
// cosh(x) = (exp(x) + exp(-x))/2
// cosh(-x) = +cosh(x)
//
// checks for special cases
// if ( asint(x) > infinity) return x with overflow exception and
// return x.
// if x is NaN then raise invalid FP operation exception and return x.
//
// coshf = v/2 * exp(x - log(v)) where v = 0x1.0000e8p-1

private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
return Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
return Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
return Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z + (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// Same as cosh, but with `z -` rather than `z +`, and with the sign
// flipped on the result based on the sign of the input.

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;
private const float LOGV = 0.693161f;
private const float HALFV = 1.0000138f;
private const float INVV2 = 0.24999309f;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector128.Create(LOGV));
Vector128<float> result = Vector128.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector128.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector256.Create(LOGV));
Vector256<float> result = Vector256.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector256.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(y - Vector512.Create(LOGV));
Vector512<float> result = Vector512.Create(HALFV) * (z - (Vector512.Create(INVV2) / z));
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ result.AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
// This code is based on `vrs4_tanhf` from amd/aocl-libm-ose
// Copyright (C) 2008-2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
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//
// Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause "New" or "Revised" License
// See THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.TXT for the full license text

// To compute vrs4_tanhf(v_f32x4_t x)
// Let y = |x|
// If 0 <= y < 0x1.154246p3
// Let z = e^(-2.0 * y) - 1 -(1)
//
// Using (1), tanhf(y) can be calculated as,
// tanhf(y) = -z / (z + 2.0)
//
// For other cases, call scalar tanhf()
//
// If x < 0, then we use the identity
// tanhf(-x) = -tanhf(x)

private const uint SIGN_MASK = 0x7FFFFFFF;

public static float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);

public static Vector128<float> Invoke(Vector128<float> x)
{
Vector128<float> y = Vector128.Abs(x);
Vector128<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector128.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector128.Create(1f);
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Vector128<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector128.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector128.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

public static Vector256<float> Invoke(Vector256<float> x)
{
Vector256<float> y = Vector256.Abs(x);
Vector256<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector256.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector256.Create(1f);
Vector256<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector256.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector256.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
public static Vector512<float> Invoke(Vector512<float> x)
{
Vector512<float> y = Vector512.Abs(x);
Vector512<float> z = ExpOperator.Invoke(Vector512.Create(-2f) * y) - Vector512.Create(1f);
Vector512<uint> sign = x.AsUInt32() & Vector512.Create(~SIGN_MASK);
return (sign ^ (-z / (z + Vector512.Create(2f))).AsUInt32()).AsSingle();
}
#endif
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
Expand Up@@ -1026,6 +1026,7 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x, Vector<float> y)
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) => Vector.Abs(x);
}

/// <summary>MathF.Exp(x)</summary>
private readonly struct ExpOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
Expand All@@ -1035,6 +1036,36 @@ public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Sinh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct SinhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Sinh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Cosh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct CoshOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Cosh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Tanh(x)</summary>
private readonly struct TanhOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
public bool CanVectorize => false;
public float Invoke(float x) => MathF.Tanh(x);
public Vector<float> Invoke(Vector<float> x) =>
// requires ShiftLeft (.NET 7+)
throw new NotImplementedException();
}

/// <summary>MathF.Log(x)</summary>
private readonly struct LogOperator : IUnaryOperator
{
Expand Down
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