🎹 m32duino

Arduino board package for the Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol M32.

The M32 is an STM32F103RBT6 underneath: 32 velocity-sensing keys, 8 endless encoders with capacitive bodies, two touch strips, an OLED, 21 backlit buttons. Out of the box it only talks to Komplete Kontrol — close that and the device sits there dark. This repo lets you flash arbitrary firmware on it from the Arduino IDE without ever touching the NI bootloader, so you can always roll back to stock.

Not affiliated with Native Instruments. Reverse-engineered on a board I own. The only NI binary in this repo is the 51 KB factory app image, redistributed for restore-only interoperability.

---

Install

1. Arduino IDE → Preferences → Additional Boards Manager URLs, add:

   https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fedepaj/m32duino/main/package_m32_index.json
   

2. Tools → Board → Boards Manager → search M32 → install NI Komplete Kontrol M32.
3. Tools → Board →NI Komplete Kontrol M32. Recommended: USB support: CDC (generic 'Serial' supersede U(S)ART), System clock: 72 MHz.
4. Forced-DFU combo (unplug, hold Shift+combo, plug while holding), then File → Examples → M32_Examples → 00_HelloUSB → Upload.

Every upload needs the manual combo: the NI bootloader has no software-trigger DFU entry (no Leonardo-style 1200-bps touch). Hold the combo, replug, click Upload.

To roll back to stock NI firmware: Tools → Programmer → "Restore NI Factory Firmware" → forced-DFU combo → Tools → Burn Bootloader. The 12 KB bootloader at 0x08000000 is never written to either way.

---

Hardware (STM32F103RBT6, LQFP64)

Peripheral	Pins	Notes
32 velocity-sensitive keys	PB0..PB2, PB14, PC8..PC15	2× 74HC138 select × 8 column return, TOP/BOT dual contacts
21 backlit buttons	same matrix, slots 0..2	semantic indices M32_BTN_* in m32_pinmap.h
21-LED driver	PB6 SCL, PB7 SDA (bit-bang), PA15 RST	custom QFN44 @ I²C 0x3C — bitbanged due to F103 I2C1⇔SPI1-remap errata
8 endless sin/cos encoders	PA4..PA7 ADC + PB8/PB9 mux	2× 74HC4052, atan2(sin, cos) → delta
8 encoder-body touch	PB10 SCL, PB11 SDA (HW I²C2)	Holtek BS83B08A-3 @ 0x50, 8-bit bitmap
Pitch / Mod touch strips	PC0/PC1 + PC2/PC3 (bit-bang), PA10/PA9 RST	CSM224-5 @ 0x15, multi-touch
OLED SSD1306 128×32	PB3 SCK, PB5 MOSI (SPI1 remap), PB15 CS, PB4 DC, PD2 RST	works with U8g2 out of the box
Joycoder	PC6/PC7 TIM3 quadrature, PA0..PA3 4-way, PB13 click	silkscreen labels swapped — use PIN_JOY_*
Audio L/R	PC4, PC5	sigma-delta via TIM4+DMA, 352 kHz carrier, zero CPU
NI bootloader (DFU)	0x08000000..0x08003000	USB ID 0x17CC:0x1862 in DFU mode — never overwritten

Full wire-level documentation in the Wiki › Peripherals.

---

Examples

Each one drives one peripheral; flash them in order to bring up the board piece by piece. Last one is a real mono synth.

Example	What it does
00_HelloUSB	USB CDC heartbeat — the smoke test
01_USBSerial	minimal USB Serial echo
10_ButtonsMapped	read the 21 buttons by semantic name
11_Encoders	8 endless encoders via muxed ADC
12_Joycoder	thumbstick + rotary with TIM3 hardware quadrature
13_ScanMatrix	raw 74HC138×2 scan
14_ScanMatrixDiscover	print (col, slot) for each press — handy for re-mapping
15_LEDDriverTest	drive the 21 LEDs
16_LEDDriverDiscover	which register / bit lights which LED
17_OLED	SSD1306 128×32 init + drawing
18_TouchStrips	bit-banged I²C of the CSM224-5 controllers
19_TouchEncoder	HW I²C2 of the Holtek body-touch
20_PedalJack	spare GPIO as sustain-pedal input
21_ArduinoPortBaseline	the original "everything-in-one" bring-up sketch
99_SynthDemo	mono synth: audio DMA + envelopes + LFO + OLED UI + touch routing

---

How it works

0x08000000 ┌────────────────┐
│ NI Bootloader │ 12 KB ← USB DFU lives here, never touched
0x08003000 ├────────────────┤
│ Your firmware │ 116 KB ← linked & flashed here
0x08020000 └────────────────┘

Uploads talk to the NI bootloader over plain USB DFU 1.x. Our variant links sketches at 0x08003000 with VECT_TAB_OFFSET=0x3000. The uploader is m32_flash — a ~300 KB Rust binary, libusb static, no runtime deps. It validates the .bin (refuses anything that would land outside the app partition), waits for the device in DFU, and downloads with override_address = 0x08003000 so the bootloader region is safe even if you ask DfuSe to write earlier.

The reverse-engineering story (decompiling KKMUpdater, dumping the factory firmware over SWD, mapping each chip with a logic analyser) is in the Wiki › Reverse Notes.

---

Dev

Requirements: Rust toolchain (rustup), Python 3, Arduino IDE 2.x. Nothing else.

./scripts/m32_dev.py up # cargo build + assemble platform/tool tarballs +# local HTTP server on :8765 + arduino-cli refresh

In Arduino IDE → Boards Manager → Remove + Install. Iterate. Other sub-commands: package (no serve), serve (no build), stop, status, ci (trigger the GitHub workflow without pushing a tag).

Release = push a tag:

git tag v0.0.2 && git push --tags

CI cross-builds m32_flash on macos-14 (native arm64 + cross-compiled x86_64), ubuntu-latest, and windows-latest, packages everything, and creates a GitHub Release. The committed package_m32_index.json on main is what users actually fetch — the URL never changes.

Repo layout

m32duino/
├── platform/
│ ├── boards.txt NI M32 board definition (USB / clock / opt menus)
│ ├── programmers.txt "Restore NI Factory Firmware" entry
│ └── variants/NI_M32/ linker @ 0x08003000, pinmap, semantic aliases
├── tools/m32_flasher/ Rust crate (m32_flash binary) + factory firmware
├── examples/… shipped as the M32_Examples library at install time
├── wiki/… rendered into the GitHub Wiki
├── scripts/m32_dev.py one-stop dev tool (build / serve / ci)
├── templates/platform.patch recipe applied on top of STM32duino's platform.txt
├── package_m32_index.template.json source for the Boards Manager index
└── .github/workflows/release.yml CI: matrix Rust build + package + Release

---

Credits & licence

• Platform tarball is a slim fork of stm32duino/Arduino_Core_STM32 (Apache-2.0), pinned to v2.7.1. Big thanks to that team.
• m32_flash is built on rusb + dfu-libusb + statically-linked libusb-1.0 (LGPL-2.1).
• The bundled NI factory firmware (m32_ni_factory.bin, 51 148 B) is redistributed verbatim for interoperability with hardware users already own.
• Everything original here is MIT-licensed. See LICENSE.