fix(types): Fix node types & add E2E test

[mydea]

This ensures we only export generic code from @sentry/types that works both in node & browser.

• Replace fetch/XMLHttpRequest stuff with unknown in types - ensure to type this at call site
• Ensure eslint & tsconfig for @sentry/types is setup correctly
• Add a node/express/TS E2E test that actually tests this works as expected.

Fixes#7422

[github-actions]

size-limit report 📦

Path	Size
@sentry/browser - ES5 CDN Bundle (gzipped + minified)	20.24 KB (+0.01% 🔺)
@sentry/browser - ES5 CDN Bundle (minified)	62.95 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser - ES6 CDN Bundle (gzipped + minified)	18.87 KB (+0.01% 🔺)
@sentry/browser - ES6 CDN Bundle (minified)	55.87 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser - Webpack (gzipped + minified)	20.62 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser - Webpack (minified)	67.39 KB (0%)
@sentry/react - Webpack (gzipped + minified)	20.65 KB (0%)
@sentry/nextjs Client - Webpack (gzipped + minified)	48.54 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser + @sentry/tracing - ES5 CDN Bundle (gzipped + minified)	27.51 KB (+0.01% 🔺)
@sentry/browser + @sentry/tracing - ES6 CDN Bundle (gzipped + minified)	25.76 KB (0%)
@sentry/replay ES6 CDN Bundle (gzipped + minified)	43.17 KB (+0.01% 🔺)
@sentry/replay - Webpack (gzipped + minified)	37.19 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser + @sentry/tracing + @sentry/replay - ES6 CDN Bundle (gzipped + minified)	61.18 KB (+0.01% 🔺)
@sentry/browser + @sentry/replay - ES6 CDN Bundle (gzipped + minified)	54.35 KB (+0.01% 🔺)

[mydea]

Note: This setting actually leads to the old code failing at build time, so this should also prevent this happening again for types, at least.