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11 changes: 11 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median.md
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
# Median Algorithm

###### It brings the median value of an array

## Run Script

The script already has the array hardcoded.

## Command to run the script

python3 Median_Algorithm.py
135 changes: 135 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median_Algorithm.py
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
import random
def pick_pivot(l):
"""
Pick a good pivot within l, a list of numbers
This algorithm runs in O(n) time.
"""
assert len(l) > 0

# If there are < 5 items, just return the median
if len(l) < 5:
# In this case, we fall back on the first median function we wrote.
# Since we only run this on a list of 5 or fewer items, it doesn't
# depend on the length of the input and can be considered constant
# time.
return nlogn_median(l)

# First, we'll split `l` into groups of 5 items. O(n)
chunks = chunked(l, 5)

# For simplicity, we can drop any chunks that aren't full. O(n)
full_chunks = [chunk for chunk in chunks if len(chunk) == 5]


# Next, we sort each chunk. Each group is a fixed length, so each sort
# takes constant time. Since we have n/5 chunks, this operation
# is also O(n)
sorted_groups = [sorted(chunk) for chunk in full_chunks]

# The median of each chunk is at index 2
medians = [chunk[2] for chunk in sorted_groups]

# It's a bit circular, but I'm about to prove that finding
# the median of a list can be done in provably O(n).
# Finding the median of a list of length n/5 is a subproblem of size n/5
# and this recursive call will be accounted for in our analysis.
# We pass pick_pivot, our current function, as the pivot builder to
# quickselect. O(n)
median_of_medians = quickselect_median(medians, pick_pivot)
return median_of_medians


def chunked(l, chunk_size):
"""Split list `l` it to chunks of `chunk_size` elements."""
return [l[i:i + chunk_size] for i in range(0, len(l), chunk_size)]


def nlogn_median(l):
l = sorted(l)
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return l[int((len(l) / 2))]
else:
return 0.5 * (l[len(l) / 2 - 1] + l[len(l) / 2])


def quickselect_median(l, pivot_fn=random.choice):
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn)
else:
return 0.5 * (quickselect(l, len(l) / 2 - 1, pivot_fn) +
quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn))


def quickselect(l, k, pivot_fn):
"""
Select the kth element in l (0 based)
:param l: List of numerics
:param k: Index
:param pivot_fn: Function to choose a pivot, defaults to random.choice
:return: The kth element of l
"""
if len(l) == 1:
assert k == 0
return l[0]

pivot = pivot_fn(l)

lows = [el for el in l if el < pivot]
highs = [el for el in l if el > pivot]
pivots = [el for el in l if el == pivot]

if k < len(lows):
return quickselect(lows, k, pivot_fn)
elif k < len(lows) + len(pivots):
# We got lucky and guessed the median
return pivots[0]
else:
return quickselect(highs, k - len(lows) - len(pivots), pivot_fn)


l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]

print(pick_pivot(l))

"""
Considere a lista abaixo. Gostaríamos de encontrar a mediana.
l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
len (l) == 11, então estamos procurando pelo 6º menor elemento
Primeiro, devemos escolher um pivô. Selecionamos aleatoriamente o índice 3.
O valor neste índice é 2.

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[1,0,2], [9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Queremos o 6º elemento. 6-len (esquerda) = 3, então queremos
o terceiro menor elemento na matriz certa

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 3, o valor em que, l [3] = 6

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4,5,6] [9,7,10]
Queremos o terceiro menor elemento, então sabemos que é o
3º menor elemento na matriz esquerda

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor na matriz abaixo:
[3,4,5,6]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 1, o valor em que, l [1] = 4
Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4] [5,6]
Estamos procurando o item no índice 3, então sabemos que é
o menor na matriz certa.

Agora estamos procurando o menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[5,6]

Neste ponto, podemos ter um caso base que escolhe a maior
ou item menor com base no índice.
Estamos procurando o menor item, que é 5.
retorno 5

Esse algoritmo roda em O(n)
http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/pubs/BFPRT73.pdf
"""
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Add copy buttons to all
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}
} catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Add Copy Buttons to Code Blocks]', __e); }
})();
(function(){
try {
var __m = "github.com";
var __re = new RegExp('^' + "github\\.com" + '
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11 changes: 11 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median.md
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
# Median Algorithm

###### It brings the median value of an array

## Run Script

The script already has the array hardcoded.

## Command to run the script

python3 Median_Algorithm.py
135 changes: 135 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median_Algorithm.py
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
import random
def pick_pivot(l):
"""
Pick a good pivot within l, a list of numbers
This algorithm runs in O(n) time.
"""
assert len(l) > 0

# If there are < 5 items, just return the median
if len(l) < 5:
# In this case, we fall back on the first median function we wrote.
# Since we only run this on a list of 5 or fewer items, it doesn't
# depend on the length of the input and can be considered constant
# time.
return nlogn_median(l)

# First, we'll split `l` into groups of 5 items. O(n)
chunks = chunked(l, 5)

# For simplicity, we can drop any chunks that aren't full. O(n)
full_chunks = [chunk for chunk in chunks if len(chunk) == 5]


# Next, we sort each chunk. Each group is a fixed length, so each sort
# takes constant time. Since we have n/5 chunks, this operation
# is also O(n)
sorted_groups = [sorted(chunk) for chunk in full_chunks]

# The median of each chunk is at index 2
medians = [chunk[2] for chunk in sorted_groups]

# It's a bit circular, but I'm about to prove that finding
# the median of a list can be done in provably O(n).
# Finding the median of a list of length n/5 is a subproblem of size n/5
# and this recursive call will be accounted for in our analysis.
# We pass pick_pivot, our current function, as the pivot builder to
# quickselect. O(n)
median_of_medians = quickselect_median(medians, pick_pivot)
return median_of_medians


def chunked(l, chunk_size):
"""Split list `l` it to chunks of `chunk_size` elements."""
return [l[i:i + chunk_size] for i in range(0, len(l), chunk_size)]


def nlogn_median(l):
l = sorted(l)
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return l[int((len(l) / 2))]
else:
return 0.5 * (l[len(l) / 2 - 1] + l[len(l) / 2])


def quickselect_median(l, pivot_fn=random.choice):
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn)
else:
return 0.5 * (quickselect(l, len(l) / 2 - 1, pivot_fn) +
quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn))


def quickselect(l, k, pivot_fn):
"""
Select the kth element in l (0 based)
:param l: List of numerics
:param k: Index
:param pivot_fn: Function to choose a pivot, defaults to random.choice
:return: The kth element of l
"""
if len(l) == 1:
assert k == 0
return l[0]

pivot = pivot_fn(l)

lows = [el for el in l if el < pivot]
highs = [el for el in l if el > pivot]
pivots = [el for el in l if el == pivot]

if k < len(lows):
return quickselect(lows, k, pivot_fn)
elif k < len(lows) + len(pivots):
# We got lucky and guessed the median
return pivots[0]
else:
return quickselect(highs, k - len(lows) - len(pivots), pivot_fn)


l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]

print(pick_pivot(l))

"""
Considere a lista abaixo. Gostaríamos de encontrar a mediana.
l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
len (l) == 11, então estamos procurando pelo 6º menor elemento
Primeiro, devemos escolher um pivô. Selecionamos aleatoriamente o índice 3.
O valor neste índice é 2.

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[1,0,2], [9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Queremos o 6º elemento. 6-len (esquerda) = 3, então queremos
o terceiro menor elemento na matriz certa

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 3, o valor em que, l [3] = 6

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4,5,6] [9,7,10]
Queremos o terceiro menor elemento, então sabemos que é o
3º menor elemento na matriz esquerda

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor na matriz abaixo:
[3,4,5,6]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 1, o valor em que, l [1] = 4
Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4] [5,6]
Estamos procurando o item no índice 3, então sabemos que é
o menor na matriz certa.

Agora estamos procurando o menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[5,6]

Neste ponto, podemos ter um caso base que escolhe a maior
ou item menor com base no índice.
Estamos procurando o menor item, que é 5.
retorno 5

Esse algoritmo roda em O(n)
http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/pubs/BFPRT73.pdf
"""
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Force GitHub README to respect dark mode\n(function() {\n var style = document.createElement('style');\n style.textContent = '\n .markdown-body {\n color-scheme: dark light;\n }\n .markdown-body pre { background: #161b22 !important; }\n .markdown-body code { background: rgba(110, 118, 129, 0.4) !important; }\n .markdown-body table th, .markdown-body table td { border-color: #30363d !important; }\n .markdown-body img { background: #0d1117; }\n .markdown-body blockquote { border-left-color: #8b949e; }\n .markdown-body hr { border-color: #30363d; }\n ';\n document.head.appendChild(style);\n})();", "GitHub Dark Mode README Fix"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:GitHub Dark Mode README Fix]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
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11 changes: 11 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median.md
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
# Median Algorithm

###### It brings the median value of an array

## Run Script

The script already has the array hardcoded.

## Command to run the script

python3 Median_Algorithm.py
135 changes: 135 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median_Algorithm.py
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
import random
def pick_pivot(l):
"""
Pick a good pivot within l, a list of numbers
This algorithm runs in O(n) time.
"""
assert len(l) > 0

# If there are < 5 items, just return the median
if len(l) < 5:
# In this case, we fall back on the first median function we wrote.
# Since we only run this on a list of 5 or fewer items, it doesn't
# depend on the length of the input and can be considered constant
# time.
return nlogn_median(l)

# First, we'll split `l` into groups of 5 items. O(n)
chunks = chunked(l, 5)

# For simplicity, we can drop any chunks that aren't full. O(n)
full_chunks = [chunk for chunk in chunks if len(chunk) == 5]


# Next, we sort each chunk. Each group is a fixed length, so each sort
# takes constant time. Since we have n/5 chunks, this operation
# is also O(n)
sorted_groups = [sorted(chunk) for chunk in full_chunks]

# The median of each chunk is at index 2
medians = [chunk[2] for chunk in sorted_groups]

# It's a bit circular, but I'm about to prove that finding
# the median of a list can be done in provably O(n).
# Finding the median of a list of length n/5 is a subproblem of size n/5
# and this recursive call will be accounted for in our analysis.
# We pass pick_pivot, our current function, as the pivot builder to
# quickselect. O(n)
median_of_medians = quickselect_median(medians, pick_pivot)
return median_of_medians


def chunked(l, chunk_size):
"""Split list `l` it to chunks of `chunk_size` elements."""
return [l[i:i + chunk_size] for i in range(0, len(l), chunk_size)]


def nlogn_median(l):
l = sorted(l)
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return l[int((len(l) / 2))]
else:
return 0.5 * (l[len(l) / 2 - 1] + l[len(l) / 2])


def quickselect_median(l, pivot_fn=random.choice):
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn)
else:
return 0.5 * (quickselect(l, len(l) / 2 - 1, pivot_fn) +
quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn))


def quickselect(l, k, pivot_fn):
"""
Select the kth element in l (0 based)
:param l: List of numerics
:param k: Index
:param pivot_fn: Function to choose a pivot, defaults to random.choice
:return: The kth element of l
"""
if len(l) == 1:
assert k == 0
return l[0]

pivot = pivot_fn(l)

lows = [el for el in l if el < pivot]
highs = [el for el in l if el > pivot]
pivots = [el for el in l if el == pivot]

if k < len(lows):
return quickselect(lows, k, pivot_fn)
elif k < len(lows) + len(pivots):
# We got lucky and guessed the median
return pivots[0]
else:
return quickselect(highs, k - len(lows) - len(pivots), pivot_fn)


l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]

print(pick_pivot(l))

"""
Considere a lista abaixo. Gostaríamos de encontrar a mediana.
l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
len (l) == 11, então estamos procurando pelo 6º menor elemento
Primeiro, devemos escolher um pivô. Selecionamos aleatoriamente o índice 3.
O valor neste índice é 2.

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[1,0,2], [9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Queremos o 6º elemento. 6-len (esquerda) = 3, então queremos
o terceiro menor elemento na matriz certa

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 3, o valor em que, l [3] = 6

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4,5,6] [9,7,10]
Queremos o terceiro menor elemento, então sabemos que é o
3º menor elemento na matriz esquerda

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor na matriz abaixo:
[3,4,5,6]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 1, o valor em que, l [1] = 4
Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4] [5,6]
Estamos procurando o item no índice 3, então sabemos que é
o menor na matriz certa.

Agora estamos procurando o menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[5,6]

Neste ponto, podemos ter um caso base que escolhe a maior
ou item menor com base no índice.
Estamos procurando o menor item, que é 5.
retorno 5

Esse algoritmo roda em O(n)
http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/pubs/BFPRT73.pdf
"""
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11 changes: 11 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median.md
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
# Median Algorithm

###### It brings the median value of an array

## Run Script

The script already has the array hardcoded.

## Command to run the script

python3 Median_Algorithm.py
135 changes: 135 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median_Algorithm.py
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
import random
def pick_pivot(l):
"""
Pick a good pivot within l, a list of numbers
This algorithm runs in O(n) time.
"""
assert len(l) > 0

# If there are < 5 items, just return the median
if len(l) < 5:
# In this case, we fall back on the first median function we wrote.
# Since we only run this on a list of 5 or fewer items, it doesn't
# depend on the length of the input and can be considered constant
# time.
return nlogn_median(l)

# First, we'll split `l` into groups of 5 items. O(n)
chunks = chunked(l, 5)

# For simplicity, we can drop any chunks that aren't full. O(n)
full_chunks = [chunk for chunk in chunks if len(chunk) == 5]


# Next, we sort each chunk. Each group is a fixed length, so each sort
# takes constant time. Since we have n/5 chunks, this operation
# is also O(n)
sorted_groups = [sorted(chunk) for chunk in full_chunks]

# The median of each chunk is at index 2
medians = [chunk[2] for chunk in sorted_groups]

# It's a bit circular, but I'm about to prove that finding
# the median of a list can be done in provably O(n).
# Finding the median of a list of length n/5 is a subproblem of size n/5
# and this recursive call will be accounted for in our analysis.
# We pass pick_pivot, our current function, as the pivot builder to
# quickselect. O(n)
median_of_medians = quickselect_median(medians, pick_pivot)
return median_of_medians


def chunked(l, chunk_size):
"""Split list `l` it to chunks of `chunk_size` elements."""
return [l[i:i + chunk_size] for i in range(0, len(l), chunk_size)]


def nlogn_median(l):
l = sorted(l)
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return l[int((len(l) / 2))]
else:
return 0.5 * (l[len(l) / 2 - 1] + l[len(l) / 2])


def quickselect_median(l, pivot_fn=random.choice):
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn)
else:
return 0.5 * (quickselect(l, len(l) / 2 - 1, pivot_fn) +
quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn))


def quickselect(l, k, pivot_fn):
"""
Select the kth element in l (0 based)
:param l: List of numerics
:param k: Index
:param pivot_fn: Function to choose a pivot, defaults to random.choice
:return: The kth element of l
"""
if len(l) == 1:
assert k == 0
return l[0]

pivot = pivot_fn(l)

lows = [el for el in l if el < pivot]
highs = [el for el in l if el > pivot]
pivots = [el for el in l if el == pivot]

if k < len(lows):
return quickselect(lows, k, pivot_fn)
elif k < len(lows) + len(pivots):
# We got lucky and guessed the median
return pivots[0]
else:
return quickselect(highs, k - len(lows) - len(pivots), pivot_fn)


l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]

print(pick_pivot(l))

"""
Considere a lista abaixo. Gostaríamos de encontrar a mediana.
l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
len (l) == 11, então estamos procurando pelo 6º menor elemento
Primeiro, devemos escolher um pivô. Selecionamos aleatoriamente o índice 3.
O valor neste índice é 2.

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[1,0,2], [9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Queremos o 6º elemento. 6-len (esquerda) = 3, então queremos
o terceiro menor elemento na matriz certa

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 3, o valor em que, l [3] = 6

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4,5,6] [9,7,10]
Queremos o terceiro menor elemento, então sabemos que é o
3º menor elemento na matriz esquerda

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor na matriz abaixo:
[3,4,5,6]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 1, o valor em que, l [1] = 4
Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4] [5,6]
Estamos procurando o item no índice 3, então sabemos que é
o menor na matriz certa.

Agora estamos procurando o menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[5,6]

Neste ponto, podemos ter um caso base que escolhe a maior
ou item menor com base no índice.
Estamos procurando o menor item, que é 5.
retorno 5

Esse algoritmo roda em O(n)
http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/pubs/BFPRT73.pdf
"""
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Strip utm_, fbclid, gclid, etc. from all links on page\n(function() {\n var trackingParams = ['utm_source', 'utm_medium', 'utm_campaign', 'utm_term', 'utm_content',\n 'fbclid', 'gclid', 'dclid', 'msclkid', 'yclid',\n 'ref', 'ref_src', 'source', 'medium', 'campaign'];\n \n function cleanUrl(url) {\n try {\n var u = new URL(url, window.location.origin);\n var changed = false;\n trackingParams.forEach(function(p) {\n if (u.searchParams.has(p)) {\n u.searchParams.delete(p);\n changed = true;\n }\n });\n return changed ? u.toString() : url;\n } catch (e) {\n return url;\n }\n }\n \n function cleanLinks() {\n document.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a) {\n var clean = cleanUrl(a.href);\n if (clean !== a.href) a.href = clean;\n });\n }\n \n cleanLinks();\n \n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n mutations.forEach(function(m) {\n m.addedNodes.forEach(function(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 1) {\n if (node.tagName === 'A') cleanLinks();\n node.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a) {\n var clean = cleanUrl(a.href);\n if (clean !== a.href) a.href = clean;\n });\n }\n });\n });\n });\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "Remove Tracking Parameters from Links"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Remove Tracking Parameters from Links]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "youtube.com"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + "youtube\\.com" + '
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11 changes: 11 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median.md
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
# Median Algorithm

###### It brings the median value of an array

## Run Script

The script already has the array hardcoded.

## Command to run the script

python3 Median_Algorithm.py
135 changes: 135 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median_Algorithm.py
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
import random
def pick_pivot(l):
"""
Pick a good pivot within l, a list of numbers
This algorithm runs in O(n) time.
"""
assert len(l) > 0

# If there are < 5 items, just return the median
if len(l) < 5:
# In this case, we fall back on the first median function we wrote.
# Since we only run this on a list of 5 or fewer items, it doesn't
# depend on the length of the input and can be considered constant
# time.
return nlogn_median(l)

# First, we'll split `l` into groups of 5 items. O(n)
chunks = chunked(l, 5)

# For simplicity, we can drop any chunks that aren't full. O(n)
full_chunks = [chunk for chunk in chunks if len(chunk) == 5]


# Next, we sort each chunk. Each group is a fixed length, so each sort
# takes constant time. Since we have n/5 chunks, this operation
# is also O(n)
sorted_groups = [sorted(chunk) for chunk in full_chunks]

# The median of each chunk is at index 2
medians = [chunk[2] for chunk in sorted_groups]

# It's a bit circular, but I'm about to prove that finding
# the median of a list can be done in provably O(n).
# Finding the median of a list of length n/5 is a subproblem of size n/5
# and this recursive call will be accounted for in our analysis.
# We pass pick_pivot, our current function, as the pivot builder to
# quickselect. O(n)
median_of_medians = quickselect_median(medians, pick_pivot)
return median_of_medians


def chunked(l, chunk_size):
"""Split list `l` it to chunks of `chunk_size` elements."""
return [l[i:i + chunk_size] for i in range(0, len(l), chunk_size)]


def nlogn_median(l):
l = sorted(l)
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return l[int((len(l) / 2))]
else:
return 0.5 * (l[len(l) / 2 - 1] + l[len(l) / 2])


def quickselect_median(l, pivot_fn=random.choice):
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn)
else:
return 0.5 * (quickselect(l, len(l) / 2 - 1, pivot_fn) +
quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn))


def quickselect(l, k, pivot_fn):
"""
Select the kth element in l (0 based)
:param l: List of numerics
:param k: Index
:param pivot_fn: Function to choose a pivot, defaults to random.choice
:return: The kth element of l
"""
if len(l) == 1:
assert k == 0
return l[0]

pivot = pivot_fn(l)

lows = [el for el in l if el < pivot]
highs = [el for el in l if el > pivot]
pivots = [el for el in l if el == pivot]

if k < len(lows):
return quickselect(lows, k, pivot_fn)
elif k < len(lows) + len(pivots):
# We got lucky and guessed the median
return pivots[0]
else:
return quickselect(highs, k - len(lows) - len(pivots), pivot_fn)


l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]

print(pick_pivot(l))

"""
Considere a lista abaixo. Gostaríamos de encontrar a mediana.
l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
len (l) == 11, então estamos procurando pelo 6º menor elemento
Primeiro, devemos escolher um pivô. Selecionamos aleatoriamente o índice 3.
O valor neste índice é 2.

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[1,0,2], [9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Queremos o 6º elemento. 6-len (esquerda) = 3, então queremos
o terceiro menor elemento na matriz certa

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 3, o valor em que, l [3] = 6

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4,5,6] [9,7,10]
Queremos o terceiro menor elemento, então sabemos que é o
3º menor elemento na matriz esquerda

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor na matriz abaixo:
[3,4,5,6]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 1, o valor em que, l [1] = 4
Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4] [5,6]
Estamos procurando o item no índice 3, então sabemos que é
o menor na matriz certa.

Agora estamos procurando o menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[5,6]

Neste ponto, podemos ter um caso base que escolhe a maior
ou item menor com base no índice.
Estamos procurando o menor item, que é 5.
retorno 5

Esse algoritmo roda em O(n)
http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/pubs/BFPRT73.pdf
"""
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Auto-enable theater mode on YouTube\n(function() {\n function tryTheater() {\n var btn = document.querySelector('button[aria-label=\"Theater mode\"], ytd-player #player button[title=\"Theater mode\"]');\n if (btn && !btn.classList.contains('activated')) {\n btn.click();\n }\n }\n \n // Try immediately\n tryTheater();\n \n // Try after navigation (SPA)\n var lastUrl = location.href;\n setInterval(function() {\n if (location.href !== lastUrl) {\n lastUrl = location.href;\n setTimeout(tryTheater, 500);\n }\n }, 1000);\n \n // Also try on player load\n var observer = new MutationObserver(tryTheater);\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "YouTube Theater Mode Default"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:YouTube Theater Mode Default]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
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11 changes: 11 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median.md
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
# Median Algorithm

###### It brings the median value of an array

## Run Script

The script already has the array hardcoded.

## Command to run the script

python3 Median_Algorithm.py
135 changes: 135 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median_Algorithm.py
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
import random
def pick_pivot(l):
"""
Pick a good pivot within l, a list of numbers
This algorithm runs in O(n) time.
"""
assert len(l) > 0

# If there are < 5 items, just return the median
if len(l) < 5:
# In this case, we fall back on the first median function we wrote.
# Since we only run this on a list of 5 or fewer items, it doesn't
# depend on the length of the input and can be considered constant
# time.
return nlogn_median(l)

# First, we'll split `l` into groups of 5 items. O(n)
chunks = chunked(l, 5)

# For simplicity, we can drop any chunks that aren't full. O(n)
full_chunks = [chunk for chunk in chunks if len(chunk) == 5]


# Next, we sort each chunk. Each group is a fixed length, so each sort
# takes constant time. Since we have n/5 chunks, this operation
# is also O(n)
sorted_groups = [sorted(chunk) for chunk in full_chunks]

# The median of each chunk is at index 2
medians = [chunk[2] for chunk in sorted_groups]

# It's a bit circular, but I'm about to prove that finding
# the median of a list can be done in provably O(n).
# Finding the median of a list of length n/5 is a subproblem of size n/5
# and this recursive call will be accounted for in our analysis.
# We pass pick_pivot, our current function, as the pivot builder to
# quickselect. O(n)
median_of_medians = quickselect_median(medians, pick_pivot)
return median_of_medians


def chunked(l, chunk_size):
"""Split list `l` it to chunks of `chunk_size` elements."""
return [l[i:i + chunk_size] for i in range(0, len(l), chunk_size)]


def nlogn_median(l):
l = sorted(l)
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return l[int((len(l) / 2))]
else:
return 0.5 * (l[len(l) / 2 - 1] + l[len(l) / 2])


def quickselect_median(l, pivot_fn=random.choice):
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn)
else:
return 0.5 * (quickselect(l, len(l) / 2 - 1, pivot_fn) +
quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn))


def quickselect(l, k, pivot_fn):
"""
Select the kth element in l (0 based)
:param l: List of numerics
:param k: Index
:param pivot_fn: Function to choose a pivot, defaults to random.choice
:return: The kth element of l
"""
if len(l) == 1:
assert k == 0
return l[0]

pivot = pivot_fn(l)

lows = [el for el in l if el < pivot]
highs = [el for el in l if el > pivot]
pivots = [el for el in l if el == pivot]

if k < len(lows):
return quickselect(lows, k, pivot_fn)
elif k < len(lows) + len(pivots):
# We got lucky and guessed the median
return pivots[0]
else:
return quickselect(highs, k - len(lows) - len(pivots), pivot_fn)


l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]

print(pick_pivot(l))

"""
Considere a lista abaixo. Gostaríamos de encontrar a mediana.
l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
len (l) == 11, então estamos procurando pelo 6º menor elemento
Primeiro, devemos escolher um pivô. Selecionamos aleatoriamente o índice 3.
O valor neste índice é 2.

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[1,0,2], [9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Queremos o 6º elemento. 6-len (esquerda) = 3, então queremos
o terceiro menor elemento na matriz certa

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 3, o valor em que, l [3] = 6

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4,5,6] [9,7,10]
Queremos o terceiro menor elemento, então sabemos que é o
3º menor elemento na matriz esquerda

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor na matriz abaixo:
[3,4,5,6]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 1, o valor em que, l [1] = 4
Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4] [5,6]
Estamos procurando o item no índice 3, então sabemos que é
o menor na matriz certa.

Agora estamos procurando o menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[5,6]

Neste ponto, podemos ter um caso base que escolhe a maior
ou item menor com base no índice.
Estamos procurando o menor item, que é 5.
retorno 5

Esse algoritmo roda em O(n)
http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/pubs/BFPRT73.pdf
"""
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Remove or un-stick sticky/fixed headers that block content\n(function() {\n function unstick() {\n document.querySelectorAll('header, nav, [role=\"banner\"], .header, .navbar, .sticky, .fixed-top, [style*=\"position: fixed\"], [style*=\"position:sticky\"]').forEach(function(el) {\n if (el.style.position === 'fixed' || el.style.position === 'sticky' || \n getComputedStyle(el).position === 'fixed' || getComputedStyle(el).position === 'sticky') {\n el.style.position = 'static';\n el.style.top = 'auto';\n el.style.zIndex = 'auto';\n }\n });\n }\n \n unstick();\n \n var observer = new MutationObserver(unstick);\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true, attributes: true, attributeFilter: ['style', 'class'] });\n})();", "Kill Sticky Headers"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Kill Sticky Headers]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
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11 changes: 11 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median.md
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
# Median Algorithm

###### It brings the median value of an array

## Run Script

The script already has the array hardcoded.

## Command to run the script

python3 Median_Algorithm.py
135 changes: 135 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median_Algorithm.py
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
import random
def pick_pivot(l):
"""
Pick a good pivot within l, a list of numbers
This algorithm runs in O(n) time.
"""
assert len(l) > 0

# If there are < 5 items, just return the median
if len(l) < 5:
# In this case, we fall back on the first median function we wrote.
# Since we only run this on a list of 5 or fewer items, it doesn't
# depend on the length of the input and can be considered constant
# time.
return nlogn_median(l)

# First, we'll split `l` into groups of 5 items. O(n)
chunks = chunked(l, 5)

# For simplicity, we can drop any chunks that aren't full. O(n)
full_chunks = [chunk for chunk in chunks if len(chunk) == 5]


# Next, we sort each chunk. Each group is a fixed length, so each sort
# takes constant time. Since we have n/5 chunks, this operation
# is also O(n)
sorted_groups = [sorted(chunk) for chunk in full_chunks]

# The median of each chunk is at index 2
medians = [chunk[2] for chunk in sorted_groups]

# It's a bit circular, but I'm about to prove that finding
# the median of a list can be done in provably O(n).
# Finding the median of a list of length n/5 is a subproblem of size n/5
# and this recursive call will be accounted for in our analysis.
# We pass pick_pivot, our current function, as the pivot builder to
# quickselect. O(n)
median_of_medians = quickselect_median(medians, pick_pivot)
return median_of_medians


def chunked(l, chunk_size):
"""Split list `l` it to chunks of `chunk_size` elements."""
return [l[i:i + chunk_size] for i in range(0, len(l), chunk_size)]


def nlogn_median(l):
l = sorted(l)
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return l[int((len(l) / 2))]
else:
return 0.5 * (l[len(l) / 2 - 1] + l[len(l) / 2])


def quickselect_median(l, pivot_fn=random.choice):
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn)
else:
return 0.5 * (quickselect(l, len(l) / 2 - 1, pivot_fn) +
quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn))


def quickselect(l, k, pivot_fn):
"""
Select the kth element in l (0 based)
:param l: List of numerics
:param k: Index
:param pivot_fn: Function to choose a pivot, defaults to random.choice
:return: The kth element of l
"""
if len(l) == 1:
assert k == 0
return l[0]

pivot = pivot_fn(l)

lows = [el for el in l if el < pivot]
highs = [el for el in l if el > pivot]
pivots = [el for el in l if el == pivot]

if k < len(lows):
return quickselect(lows, k, pivot_fn)
elif k < len(lows) + len(pivots):
# We got lucky and guessed the median
return pivots[0]
else:
return quickselect(highs, k - len(lows) - len(pivots), pivot_fn)


l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]

print(pick_pivot(l))

"""
Considere a lista abaixo. Gostaríamos de encontrar a mediana.
l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
len (l) == 11, então estamos procurando pelo 6º menor elemento
Primeiro, devemos escolher um pivô. Selecionamos aleatoriamente o índice 3.
O valor neste índice é 2.

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[1,0,2], [9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Queremos o 6º elemento. 6-len (esquerda) = 3, então queremos
o terceiro menor elemento na matriz certa

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 3, o valor em que, l [3] = 6

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4,5,6] [9,7,10]
Queremos o terceiro menor elemento, então sabemos que é o
3º menor elemento na matriz esquerda

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor na matriz abaixo:
[3,4,5,6]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 1, o valor em que, l [1] = 4
Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4] [5,6]
Estamos procurando o item no índice 3, então sabemos que é
o menor na matriz certa.

Agora estamos procurando o menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[5,6]

Neste ponto, podemos ter um caso base que escolhe a maior
ou item menor com base no índice.
Estamos procurando o menor item, que é 5.
retorno 5

Esse algoritmo roda em O(n)
http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/pubs/BFPRT73.pdf
"""
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Universal Dark Mode - works on any site\n(function() {\n var enabled = true;\n \n function applyDarkMode() {\n if (!enabled) return;\n \n // Create style element if it doesn't exist\n var style = document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style');\n if (!style) {\n style = document.createElement('style');\n style.id = 'universal-dark-mode-style';\n document.head.appendChild(style);\n }\n \n // Dark mode CSS - inverts colors but preserves images/video\n style.textContent = '\n /* Invert everything except media */\n html {\n filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important;\n background: #1a1a2e !important;\n }\n \n /* Restore images, videos, iframes, canvas */\n img, video, iframe, canvas, svg, picture, [style*=\"background-image\"] {\n filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important;\n }\n \n /* Preserve specific elements that should not be inverted */\n .no-dark-mode, .no-dark-mode *,\n [data-theme=\"light\"], [data-theme=\"light\"],\n .ace_editor, .ace_editor *,\n .CodeMirror, .CodeMirror *,\n .monaco-editor, .monaco-editor *,\n .markdown-body pre, .markdown-body pre *,\n .highlight, .highlight *,\n pre code, pre code * {\n filter: none !important;\n }\n \n /* Fix common UI elements */\n .modal, .popup, .dropdown-menu, .tooltip, .popover {\n filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important;\n background: #2d2d44 !important;\n border-color: #444 !important;\n }\n \n /* Scrollbars */\n ::-webkit-scrollbar { background: #1a1a2e !important; }\n ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #444 !important; }\n ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: #555 !important; }\n \n /* Selection */\n ::selection { background: #4ecdc4 !important; color: #1a1a2e !important; }\n ::-moz-selection { background: #4ecdc4 !important; color: #1a1a2e !important; }\n ';\n }\n \n function removeDarkMode() {\n var style = document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style');\n if (style) style.remove();\n }\n \n // Toggle with Alt+Shift+D\n document.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) {\n if (e.altKey && e.shiftKey && e.key === 'D') {\n e.preventDefault();\n enabled = !enabled;\n if (enabled) {\n applyDarkMode();\n console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Enabled');\n } else {\n removeDarkMode();\n console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Disabled');\n }\n }\n });\n \n // Apply on load\n applyDarkMode();\n \n // Re-apply on dynamic content\n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n if (enabled && !document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style')) {\n applyDarkMode();\n }\n });\n observer.observe(document.head, { childList: true });\n \n console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Loaded - Press Alt+Shift+D to toggle');\n})();", "Universal Dark Mode"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Universal Dark Mode]', __e); } })(); })();
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11 changes: 11 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median.md
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# Median Algorithm

###### It brings the median value of an array

## Run Script

The script already has the array hardcoded.

## Command to run the script

python3 Median_Algorithm.py
135 changes: 135 additions & 0 deletions scripts/Median_algorithm/Median_Algorithm.py
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import random
def pick_pivot(l):
"""
Pick a good pivot within l, a list of numbers
This algorithm runs in O(n) time.
"""
assert len(l) > 0

# If there are < 5 items, just return the median
if len(l) < 5:
# In this case, we fall back on the first median function we wrote.
# Since we only run this on a list of 5 or fewer items, it doesn't
# depend on the length of the input and can be considered constant
# time.
return nlogn_median(l)

# First, we'll split `l` into groups of 5 items. O(n)
chunks = chunked(l, 5)

# For simplicity, we can drop any chunks that aren't full. O(n)
full_chunks = [chunk for chunk in chunks if len(chunk) == 5]


# Next, we sort each chunk. Each group is a fixed length, so each sort
# takes constant time. Since we have n/5 chunks, this operation
# is also O(n)
sorted_groups = [sorted(chunk) for chunk in full_chunks]

# The median of each chunk is at index 2
medians = [chunk[2] for chunk in sorted_groups]

# It's a bit circular, but I'm about to prove that finding
# the median of a list can be done in provably O(n).
# Finding the median of a list of length n/5 is a subproblem of size n/5
# and this recursive call will be accounted for in our analysis.
# We pass pick_pivot, our current function, as the pivot builder to
# quickselect. O(n)
median_of_medians = quickselect_median(medians, pick_pivot)
return median_of_medians


def chunked(l, chunk_size):
"""Split list `l` it to chunks of `chunk_size` elements."""
return [l[i:i + chunk_size] for i in range(0, len(l), chunk_size)]


def nlogn_median(l):
l = sorted(l)
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return l[int((len(l) / 2))]
else:
return 0.5 * (l[len(l) / 2 - 1] + l[len(l) / 2])


def quickselect_median(l, pivot_fn=random.choice):
if len(l) % 2 == 1:
return quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn)
else:
return 0.5 * (quickselect(l, len(l) / 2 - 1, pivot_fn) +
quickselect(l, len(l) / 2, pivot_fn))


def quickselect(l, k, pivot_fn):
"""
Select the kth element in l (0 based)
:param l: List of numerics
:param k: Index
:param pivot_fn: Function to choose a pivot, defaults to random.choice
:return: The kth element of l
"""
if len(l) == 1:
assert k == 0
return l[0]

pivot = pivot_fn(l)

lows = [el for el in l if el < pivot]
highs = [el for el in l if el > pivot]
pivots = [el for el in l if el == pivot]

if k < len(lows):
return quickselect(lows, k, pivot_fn)
elif k < len(lows) + len(pivots):
# We got lucky and guessed the median
return pivots[0]
else:
return quickselect(highs, k - len(lows) - len(pivots), pivot_fn)


l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]

print(pick_pivot(l))

"""
Considere a lista abaixo. Gostaríamos de encontrar a mediana.
l = [9,1,0,2,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
len (l) == 11, então estamos procurando pelo 6º menor elemento
Primeiro, devemos escolher um pivô. Selecionamos aleatoriamente o índice 3.
O valor neste índice é 2.

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[1,0,2], [9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Queremos o 6º elemento. 6-len (esquerda) = 3, então queremos
o terceiro menor elemento na matriz certa

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[9,3,4,6,8,7,10,5]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 3, o valor em que, l [3] = 6

Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4,5,6] [9,7,10]
Queremos o terceiro menor elemento, então sabemos que é o
3º menor elemento na matriz esquerda

Agora estamos procurando o terceiro menor na matriz abaixo:
[3,4,5,6]
Escolhemos um índice aleatoriamente para ser nosso pivô.
Escolhemos o índice 1, o valor em que, l [1] = 4
Particionamento com base no pivô:
[3,4] [5,6]
Estamos procurando o item no índice 3, então sabemos que é
o menor na matriz certa.

Agora estamos procurando o menor elemento na matriz abaixo:
[5,6]

Neste ponto, podemos ter um caso base que escolhe a maior
ou item menor com base no índice.
Estamos procurando o menor item, que é 5.
retorno 5

Esse algoritmo roda em O(n)
http://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/pubs/BFPRT73.pdf
"""