fs: improve error performance of chownSync

[anonrig]

 confidence improvement accuracy (*) (**) (***)
fs/bench-chownSync.js n=10000 type='existing' 0.24 % ±2.31% ±3.09% ±4.06%
fs/bench-chownSync.js n=10000 type='non-existing' *** 83.99 % ±3.73% ±4.96% ±6.46%
Be aware that when doing many comparisons the risk of a false-positive result increases.
In this case, there are 2 comparisons, you can thus expect the following amount of false-positive results:
0.10 false positives, when considering a 5% risk acceptance (*, **, ***),
0.02 false positives, when considering a 1% risk acceptance (**, ***),
0.00 false positives, when considering a 0.1% risk acceptance (***)

Ref: nodejs/performance#106

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/54129/

[anonrig]

cc @nodejs/cpp-reviewers

[joyeecheung]

Have you tried typing this function in the REPL and see if the system call happens before you type enter? (perhaps both our REPL and the DevTools console, we use different flags for them)

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/54204/

[anonrig]

Force pushed to resolve conflicts.

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/54254/

[joyeecheung]

I just realized that this is not the right way to change the error throwing behavior. See #49593 (comment)

[aduh95]

This needs a rebase

[anonrig]

Closing in favor of #49962