lib: reject SharedArrayBuffer in Blob constructor per spec

[thisalihassan]

This is the remaining piece of the work tracked in #59688. The Blob change is semver-major because today the call succeeds.
The shared BufferSource converter was made hot-path-friendly in #62833, so no per-call binding overhead is added here.
Refs: #59688
Refs: #62632

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 89.63%. Comparing base (a7f487f) to head (3b082ef).
⚠️ Report is 24 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@ Coverage Diff @@## main #63046 +/- ##
=======================================
Coverage 89.63% 89.63% =======================================
Files 708 708 Lines 220402 220408 +6 Branches 42271 42276 +5 =======================================
+ Hits 197551 197559 +8 + Misses 14706 14700 -6 - Partials 8145 8149 +4 

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/internal/blob.js	99.44% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

... and 28 files with indirect coverage changes

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[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/73046/

[Renegade334]

Thanks for this.

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/73047/

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/73050/

[Renegade334]

cc @nodejs/tsc for semver-major approval.

[mcollina]

lgtm

[nodejs-github-bot]

Landed in 9390c81