build,src,crypto: improve startup performance - #65549

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build,src,crypto: improve startup performance#65549
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@avivkelleravivkeller commented Aug 25, 2026•
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(I can split these into separate PRs if needed, but I figured a single PR with separate commits would be sufficient since the changes are related: ce94bb8 made me think about 2dffdbf, which in turn relied on a1ba046.)

In order of commits, this:

  • Avoids atexit(), since it's slow (dladdr() performs an expensive linear scan of the executable's symbol table)
  • Lazily-loads well-known Crypto ciphers
  • Once again avoids atexit(), this time in OpenSSL.

On my mac, improves startups by ~15%:

$ hyperfine --warmup 25 --runs 100 'node -e "0"' './node -e "0"'
Benchmark 1: node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 39.3 ms ± 2.2 ms [User: 31.6 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 36.5 ms … 55.0 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Benchmark 2: ./node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 34.2 ms ± 2.1 ms [User: 26.4 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 32.4 ms … 49.3 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Summary
./node -e "0" ran
1.15 ± 0.10 times faster than node -e "0"

@avivkelleravivkeller added performance Issues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js. commit-queue-rebase PRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits. labels Aug 25, 2026
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Review requested:

  • @nodejs/crypto
  • @nodejs/gyp
  • @nodejs/security-wg
  • @nodejs/startup
  • @nodejs/v8-update

@nodejs-github-botnodejs-github-bot added lib / src Issues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories. needs-ci PRs that need a full CI run. labels Aug 25, 2026
@avivkeller
src: avoid atexit() for ResetStdio
ce94bb8
atexit() calls dladdr() to find the image that
owns the callback. dladdr() performs an expensive
linear scan of the executable's symbol
table, so we now avoid it entirely.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
crypto: resolve ciphers lazily
a1ba046
The Cipher::AES_* and Cipher::CHACHA20_POLY1305
constants were initialized by static initializers
while the executable is still being loaded.
Lazily-load them now, so they are only init'd on
first use.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
src: do not register OpenSSL's atexit() handler
2dffdbf
Now that crypto no longer initializes OpenSSL
from a static initalizer (see previous commit),
nothing requires OpenSSL to be torn down at process
exit. As mentioned in an earlier commit, `atexit`
is expensive, so we now once again avoid it.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@jasnell

jasnell commented Aug 25, 2026

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Please separate out the crypto ones into a separate PR and coordinate with @panva ... he has some other edits that may conflict.

@panva

panva commented Aug 25, 2026•
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a1ba046 conflicts with #65484, please hold off updating crypto until those changes land.

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avivkeller marked this pull request as draft August 25, 2026 19:07
@panva

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Thank you

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codecovBot commented Aug 25, 2026

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Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 78.57143% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 90.11%. Comparing base (ce40aa2) to head (2dffdbf).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing linesPatch %Lines
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc77.77%0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
src/node.cc75.00%0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@ Coverage Diff @@## main #65549 +/- ##
==========================================
- Coverage 90.14% 90.11% -0.03% 
==========================================
Files 751 751 Lines 253635 253645 +10 Branches 47793 47786 -7 ==========================================
- Hits 228632 228574 -58 - Misses 16249 16315 +66 - Partials 8754 8756 +2
Files with missing linesCoverage Δ
src/crypto/crypto_aes.h33.33% <ø> (ø)
src/crypto/crypto_chacha20_poly1305.cc52.27% <100.00%> (ø)
src/node.cc76.58% <75.00%> (-0.07%)⬇️
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc71.75% <77.77%> (+0.08%)⬆️

... and 38 files with indirect coverage changes

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:
  • ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
  • 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.

@panva

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@avivkeller#65484 is in, i guess you're good to go

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commit-queue-rebasePRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.lib / srcIssues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.needs-ciPRs that need a full CI run.performanceIssues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.

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@avivkeller@nodejs-github-bot@jasnell@panva@anonrig
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Add copy buttons to all 
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})();
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try {
var __m = "github.com";
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build,src,crypto: improve startup performance - #65549
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avivkeller:startup-perf
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Aug 25, 2026•

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(I can split these into separate PRs if needed, but I figured a single PR with separate commits would be sufficient since the changes are related: ce94bb8 made me think about 2dffdbf, which in turn relied on a1ba046.)
In order of commits, this:
  • Avoids atexit(), since it's slow (dladdr() performs an expensive linear scan of the executable's symbol table)
  • Lazily-loads well-known Crypto ciphers
  • Once again avoids atexit(), this time in OpenSSL.
On my mac, improves startups by ~15%:
$ hyperfine --warmup 25 --runs 100 'node -e "0"' './node -e "0"'
Benchmark 1: node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 39.3 ms ± 2.2 ms [User: 31.6 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 36.5 ms … 55.0 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Benchmark 2: ./node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 34.2 ms ± 2.1 ms [User: 26.4 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 32.4 ms … 49.3 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Summary
./node -e "0" ran
1.15 ± 0.10 times faster than node -e "0"

@avivkelleravivkeller
added

performance
Issues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.
commit-queue-rebase
PRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.
labels
Aug 25, 2026
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Review requested:
  •  @nodejs/crypto
  •  @nodejs/gyp
  •  @nodejs/security-wg
  •  @nodejs/startup
  •  @nodejs/v8-update
@nodejs-github-botnodejs-github-bot
added

lib / src
Issues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.
needs-ci
PRs that need a full CI run.
labels
Aug 25, 2026
@avivkeller
src: avoid atexit() for ResetStdio
ce94bb8
atexit() calls dladdr() to find the image that
owns the callback. dladdr() performs an expensive
linear scan of the executable's symbol
table, so we now avoid it entirely.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
crypto: resolve ciphers lazily
a1ba046
The Cipher::AES_* and Cipher::CHACHA20_POLY1305
constants were initialized by static initializers
while the executable is still being loaded.
Lazily-load them now, so they are only init'd on
first use.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
src: do not register OpenSSL's atexit() handler
2dffdbf
Now that crypto no longer initializes OpenSSL
from a static initalizer (see previous commit),
nothing requires OpenSSL to be torn down at process
exit. As mentioned in an earlier commit, `atexit`
is expensive, so we now once again avoid it.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@jasnell
jasnell
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Aug 25, 2026

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Please separate out the crypto ones into a separate PR and coordinate with @panva ... he has some other edits that may conflict.
@panva
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Aug 25, 2026•

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a1ba046 conflicts with #65484, please hold off updating crypto until those changes land.
@avivkeller
avivkeller
marked this pull request as draft
August 25, 2026 19:07
@panva
panva
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Aug 25, 2026

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Thank you
@codecov
codecovBot
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Aug 25, 2026

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Codecov Report
❌ Patch coverage is 78.57143% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

✅ Project coverage is 90.11%. Comparing base (ce40aa2) to head (2dffdbf).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on main.
Files with missing linesPatch %Lines
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc77.77%0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
src/node.cc75.00%0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@ Coverage Diff @@## main #65549 +/- ##
==========================================
- Coverage 90.14% 90.11% -0.03% 
==========================================
Files 751 751 Lines 253635 253645 +10 Branches 47793 47786 -7 ==========================================
- Hits 228632 228574 -58 - Misses 16249 16315 +66 - Partials 8754 8756 +2 
Files with missing linesCoverage Δ
src/crypto/crypto_aes.h33.33% <ø> (ø)
src/crypto/crypto_chacha20_poly1305.cc52.27% <100.00%> (ø)
src/node.cc76.58% <75.00%> (-0.07%)⬇️
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc71.75% <77.77%> (+0.08%)⬆️
... and 38 files with indirect coverage changes
 🚀 New features to boost your workflow: 
  • ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
  • 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.
@panva
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@avivkeller#65484 is in, i guess you're good to go
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commit-queue-rebasePRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.lib / srcIssues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.needs-ciPRs that need a full CI run.performanceIssues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.

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Successfully merging this pull request may close these issues.

5 participants

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, 'i');
if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) {
injectUserscript("// Force GitHub README to respect dark mode\n(function() {\n var style = document.createElement('style');\n style.textContent = '\n .markdown-body {\n color-scheme: dark light;\n }\n .markdown-body pre { background: #161b22 !important; }\n .markdown-body code { background: rgba(110, 118, 129, 0.4) !important; }\n .markdown-body table th, .markdown-body table td { border-color: #30363d !important; }\n .markdown-body img { background: #0d1117; }\n .markdown-body blockquote { border-left-color: #8b949e; }\n .markdown-body hr { border-color: #30363d; }\n ';\n document.head.appendChild(style);\n})();", "GitHub Dark Mode README Fix");
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} catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:GitHub Dark Mode README Fix]', __e); }
})();
(function(){
try {
var __m = "*";
var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '

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build,src,crypto: improve startup performance - #65549
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avivkeller wants to merge 3 commits into
nodejs:mainfrom 
avivkeller:startup-perf
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build,src,crypto: improve startup performance#65549
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avivkeller:startup-perf
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(I can split these into separate PRs if needed, but I figured a single PR with separate commits would be sufficient since the changes are related: ce94bb8 made me think about 2dffdbf, which in turn relied on a1ba046.)
In order of commits, this:
  • Avoids atexit(), since it's slow (dladdr() performs an expensive linear scan of the executable's symbol table)
  • Lazily-loads well-known Crypto ciphers
  • Once again avoids atexit(), this time in OpenSSL.
On my mac, improves startups by ~15%:
$ hyperfine --warmup 25 --runs 100 'node -e "0"' './node -e "0"'
Benchmark 1: node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 39.3 ms ± 2.2 ms [User: 31.6 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 36.5 ms … 55.0 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Benchmark 2: ./node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 34.2 ms ± 2.1 ms [User: 26.4 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 32.4 ms … 49.3 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Summary
./node -e "0" ran
1.15 ± 0.10 times faster than node -e "0"

@avivkelleravivkeller
added

performance
Issues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.
commit-queue-rebase
PRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.
labels
Aug 25, 2026
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Review requested:
  •  @nodejs/crypto
  •  @nodejs/gyp
  •  @nodejs/security-wg
  •  @nodejs/startup
  •  @nodejs/v8-update
@nodejs-github-botnodejs-github-bot
added

lib / src
Issues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.
needs-ci
PRs that need a full CI run.
labels
Aug 25, 2026
@avivkeller
src: avoid atexit() for ResetStdio
ce94bb8
atexit() calls dladdr() to find the image that
owns the callback. dladdr() performs an expensive
linear scan of the executable's symbol
table, so we now avoid it entirely.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
crypto: resolve ciphers lazily
a1ba046
The Cipher::AES_* and Cipher::CHACHA20_POLY1305
constants were initialized by static initializers
while the executable is still being loaded.
Lazily-load them now, so they are only init'd on
first use.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
src: do not register OpenSSL's atexit() handler
2dffdbf
Now that crypto no longer initializes OpenSSL
from a static initalizer (see previous commit),
nothing requires OpenSSL to be torn down at process
exit. As mentioned in an earlier commit, `atexit`
is expensive, so we now once again avoid it.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@jasnell
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Aug 25, 2026

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Please separate out the crypto ones into a separate PR and coordinate with @panva ... he has some other edits that may conflict.
@panva
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Aug 25, 2026•

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a1ba046 conflicts with #65484, please hold off updating crypto until those changes land.
@avivkeller
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marked this pull request as draft
August 25, 2026 19:07
@panva
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Thank you
@codecov
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Aug 25, 2026

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Codecov Report
❌ Patch coverage is 78.57143% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

✅ Project coverage is 90.11%. Comparing base (ce40aa2) to head (2dffdbf).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on main.
Files with missing linesPatch %Lines
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc77.77%0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
src/node.cc75.00%0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@ Coverage Diff @@## main #65549 +/- ##
==========================================
- Coverage 90.14% 90.11% -0.03% 
==========================================
Files 751 751 Lines 253635 253645 +10 Branches 47793 47786 -7 ==========================================
- Hits 228632 228574 -58 - Misses 16249 16315 +66 - Partials 8754 8756 +2 
Files with missing linesCoverage Δ
src/crypto/crypto_aes.h33.33% <ø> (ø)
src/crypto/crypto_chacha20_poly1305.cc52.27% <100.00%> (ø)
src/node.cc76.58% <75.00%> (-0.07%)⬇️
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc71.75% <77.77%> (+0.08%)⬆️
... and 38 files with indirect coverage changes
 🚀 New features to boost your workflow: 
  • ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
  • 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.
@panva
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Aug 27, 2026

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@avivkeller#65484 is in, i guess you're good to go
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commit-queue-rebasePRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.lib / srcIssues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.needs-ciPRs that need a full CI run.performanceIssues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.

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, 'i');
if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) {
injectUserscript("// Highlight search terms from Google/DuckDuckGo/Bing referrer\n(function() {\n var ref = document.referrer;\n var terms = [];\n \n if (ref.includes('google.com') || ref.includes('duckduckgo.com') || ref.includes('bing.com')) {\n var url = new URL(ref);\n var q = url.searchParams.get('q') || url.searchParams.get('p');\n if (q) {\n terms = q.split(/\\s+/).filter(function(t) { return t.length > 2; });\n }\n }\n \n if (terms.length === 0) return;\n \n var style = document.createElement('style');\n style.textContent = '.userscript-highlight { background: #fbbf24; color: #1a1a2e; padding: 1px 3px; border-radius: 2px; }';\n document.head.appendChild(style);\n \n function highlight(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 3) { // text node\n var text = node.textContent;\n var found = false;\n terms.forEach(function(term) {\n var regex = new RegExp('(' + term.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\\]\\\\]/g, '\\\\') + ')', 'gi');\n if (regex.test(text)) {\n found = true;\n var frag = document.createDocumentFragment();\n var parts = text.split(regex);\n parts.forEach(function(part, i) {\n if (i % 2 === 0) {\n frag.appendChild(document.createTextNode(part));\n } else {\n var span = document.createElement('span');\n span.className = 'userscript-highlight';\n span.textContent = part;\n frag.appendChild(span);\n }\n });\n node.parentNode.replaceChild(frag, node);\n }\n });\n } else if (node.nodeType === 1 && node.childNodes) { // element\n var skipTags = ['SCRIPT', 'STYLE', 'NOSCRIPT', 'TEXTAREA', 'INPUT', 'SELECT'];\n if (!skipTags.includes(node.tagName)) {\n Array.from(node.childNodes).forEach(highlight);\n }\n }\n }\n \n highlight(document.body);\n \n // Re-highlight on dynamic content\n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n mutations.forEach(function(m) {\n m.addedNodes.forEach(function(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 1 || node.nodeType === 3) highlight(node);\n });\n });\n });\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "Highlight Search Terms");
}
} catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Highlight Search Terms]', __e); }
})();
(function(){
try {
var __m = "*";
var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '

Skip to content
build,src,crypto: improve startup performance - #65549
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avivkeller wants to merge 3 commits into
nodejs:mainfrom 
avivkeller:startup-perf
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build,src,crypto: improve startup performance#65549
avivkeller wants to merge 3 commits into
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avivkeller:startup-perf
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@avivkelleravivkeller
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Aug 25, 2026•

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(I can split these into separate PRs if needed, but I figured a single PR with separate commits would be sufficient since the changes are related: ce94bb8 made me think about 2dffdbf, which in turn relied on a1ba046.)
In order of commits, this:
  • Avoids atexit(), since it's slow (dladdr() performs an expensive linear scan of the executable's symbol table)
  • Lazily-loads well-known Crypto ciphers
  • Once again avoids atexit(), this time in OpenSSL.
On my mac, improves startups by ~15%:
$ hyperfine --warmup 25 --runs 100 'node -e "0"' './node -e "0"'
Benchmark 1: node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 39.3 ms ± 2.2 ms [User: 31.6 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 36.5 ms … 55.0 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Benchmark 2: ./node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 34.2 ms ± 2.1 ms [User: 26.4 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 32.4 ms … 49.3 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Summary
./node -e "0" ran
1.15 ± 0.10 times faster than node -e "0"

@avivkelleravivkeller
added

performance
Issues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.
commit-queue-rebase
PRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.
labels
Aug 25, 2026
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  •  @nodejs/crypto
  •  @nodejs/gyp
  •  @nodejs/security-wg
  •  @nodejs/startup
  •  @nodejs/v8-update
@nodejs-github-botnodejs-github-bot
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labels
Aug 25, 2026
@avivkeller
src: avoid atexit() for ResetStdio
ce94bb8
atexit() calls dladdr() to find the image that
owns the callback. dladdr() performs an expensive
linear scan of the executable's symbol
table, so we now avoid it entirely.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
crypto: resolve ciphers lazily
a1ba046
The Cipher::AES_* and Cipher::CHACHA20_POLY1305
constants were initialized by static initializers
while the executable is still being loaded.
Lazily-load them now, so they are only init'd on
first use.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
src: do not register OpenSSL's atexit() handler
2dffdbf
Now that crypto no longer initializes OpenSSL
from a static initalizer (see previous commit),
nothing requires OpenSSL to be torn down at process
exit. As mentioned in an earlier commit, `atexit`
is expensive, so we now once again avoid it.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
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Aug 25, 2026

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Please separate out the crypto ones into a separate PR and coordinate with @panva ... he has some other edits that may conflict.
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Aug 25, 2026•

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a1ba046 conflicts with #65484, please hold off updating crypto until those changes land.
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marked this pull request as draft
August 25, 2026 19:07
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Codecov Report
❌ Patch coverage is 78.57143% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

✅ Project coverage is 90.11%. Comparing base (ce40aa2) to head (2dffdbf).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on main.
Files with missing linesPatch %Lines
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc77.77%0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
src/node.cc75.00%0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@ Coverage Diff @@## main #65549 +/- ##
==========================================
- Coverage 90.14% 90.11% -0.03% 
==========================================
Files 751 751 Lines 253635 253645 +10 Branches 47793 47786 -7 ==========================================
- Hits 228632 228574 -58 - Misses 16249 16315 +66 - Partials 8754 8756 +2 
Files with missing linesCoverage Δ
src/crypto/crypto_aes.h33.33% <ø> (ø)
src/crypto/crypto_chacha20_poly1305.cc52.27% <100.00%> (ø)
src/node.cc76.58% <75.00%> (-0.07%)⬇️
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc71.75% <77.77%> (+0.08%)⬆️
... and 38 files with indirect coverage changes
 🚀 New features to boost your workflow: 
  • ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
  • 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.
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@avivkeller#65484 is in, i guess you're good to go
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commit-queue-rebasePRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.lib / srcIssues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.needs-ciPRs that need a full CI run.performanceIssues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.

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@avivkeller@nodejs-github-bot@jasnell@panva@anonrig

, 'i');
if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) {
injectUserscript("// Strip utm_, fbclid, gclid, etc. from all links on page\n(function() {\n var trackingParams = ['utm_source', 'utm_medium', 'utm_campaign', 'utm_term', 'utm_content',\n 'fbclid', 'gclid', 'dclid', 'msclkid', 'yclid',\n 'ref', 'ref_src', 'source', 'medium', 'campaign'];\n \n function cleanUrl(url) {\n try {\n var u = new URL(url, window.location.origin);\n var changed = false;\n trackingParams.forEach(function(p) {\n if (u.searchParams.has(p)) {\n u.searchParams.delete(p);\n changed = true;\n }\n });\n return changed ? u.toString() : url;\n } catch (e) {\n return url;\n }\n }\n \n function cleanLinks() {\n document.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a) {\n var clean = cleanUrl(a.href);\n if (clean !== a.href) a.href = clean;\n });\n }\n \n cleanLinks();\n \n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n mutations.forEach(function(m) {\n m.addedNodes.forEach(function(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 1) {\n if (node.tagName === 'A') cleanLinks();\n node.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a) {\n var clean = cleanUrl(a.href);\n if (clean !== a.href) a.href = clean;\n });\n }\n });\n });\n });\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "Remove Tracking Parameters from Links");
}
} catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Remove Tracking Parameters from Links]', __e); }
})();
(function(){
try {
var __m = "youtube.com";
var __re = new RegExp('^' + "youtube\\.com" + '

Skip to content
build,src,crypto: improve startup performance - #65549
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avivkeller:startup-perf
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build,src,crypto: improve startup performance#65549
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@avivkelleravivkeller
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Aug 25, 2026•

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(I can split these into separate PRs if needed, but I figured a single PR with separate commits would be sufficient since the changes are related: ce94bb8 made me think about 2dffdbf, which in turn relied on a1ba046.)
In order of commits, this:
  • Avoids atexit(), since it's slow (dladdr() performs an expensive linear scan of the executable's symbol table)
  • Lazily-loads well-known Crypto ciphers
  • Once again avoids atexit(), this time in OpenSSL.
On my mac, improves startups by ~15%:
$ hyperfine --warmup 25 --runs 100 'node -e "0"' './node -e "0"'
Benchmark 1: node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 39.3 ms ± 2.2 ms [User: 31.6 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 36.5 ms … 55.0 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Benchmark 2: ./node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 34.2 ms ± 2.1 ms [User: 26.4 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 32.4 ms … 49.3 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Summary
./node -e "0" ran
1.15 ± 0.10 times faster than node -e "0"

@avivkelleravivkeller
added

performance
Issues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.
commit-queue-rebase
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Aug 25, 2026
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Review requested:
  •  @nodejs/crypto
  •  @nodejs/gyp
  •  @nodejs/security-wg
  •  @nodejs/startup
  •  @nodejs/v8-update
@nodejs-github-botnodejs-github-bot
added

lib / src
Issues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.
needs-ci
PRs that need a full CI run.
labels
Aug 25, 2026
@avivkeller
src: avoid atexit() for ResetStdio
ce94bb8
atexit() calls dladdr() to find the image that
owns the callback. dladdr() performs an expensive
linear scan of the executable's symbol
table, so we now avoid it entirely.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
crypto: resolve ciphers lazily
a1ba046
The Cipher::AES_* and Cipher::CHACHA20_POLY1305
constants were initialized by static initializers
while the executable is still being loaded.
Lazily-load them now, so they are only init'd on
first use.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
src: do not register OpenSSL's atexit() handler
2dffdbf
Now that crypto no longer initializes OpenSSL
from a static initalizer (see previous commit),
nothing requires OpenSSL to be torn down at process
exit. As mentioned in an earlier commit, `atexit`
is expensive, so we now once again avoid it.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@jasnell
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Aug 25, 2026

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Please separate out the crypto ones into a separate PR and coordinate with @panva ... he has some other edits that may conflict.
@panva
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Aug 25, 2026•

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a1ba046 conflicts with #65484, please hold off updating crypto until those changes land.
@avivkeller
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marked this pull request as draft
August 25, 2026 19:07
@panva
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Aug 25, 2026

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Thank you
@codecov
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Aug 25, 2026

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Codecov Report
❌ Patch coverage is 78.57143% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

✅ Project coverage is 90.11%. Comparing base (ce40aa2) to head (2dffdbf).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on main.
Files with missing linesPatch %Lines
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc77.77%0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
src/node.cc75.00%0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@ Coverage Diff @@## main #65549 +/- ##
==========================================
- Coverage 90.14% 90.11% -0.03% 
==========================================
Files 751 751 Lines 253635 253645 +10 Branches 47793 47786 -7 ==========================================
- Hits 228632 228574 -58 - Misses 16249 16315 +66 - Partials 8754 8756 +2 
Files with missing linesCoverage Δ
src/crypto/crypto_aes.h33.33% <ø> (ø)
src/crypto/crypto_chacha20_poly1305.cc52.27% <100.00%> (ø)
src/node.cc76.58% <75.00%> (-0.07%)⬇️
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc71.75% <77.77%> (+0.08%)⬆️
... and 38 files with indirect coverage changes
 🚀 New features to boost your workflow: 
  • ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
  • 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.
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@avivkeller#65484 is in, i guess you're good to go
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commit-queue-rebasePRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.lib / srcIssues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.needs-ciPRs that need a full CI run.performanceIssues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.

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Successfully merging this pull request may close these issues.

5 participants

@avivkeller@nodejs-github-bot@jasnell@panva@anonrig

, 'i');
if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) {
injectUserscript("// Auto-enable theater mode on YouTube\n(function() {\n function tryTheater() {\n var btn = document.querySelector('button[aria-label=\"Theater mode\"], ytd-player #player button[title=\"Theater mode\"]');\n if (btn && !btn.classList.contains('activated')) {\n btn.click();\n }\n }\n \n // Try immediately\n tryTheater();\n \n // Try after navigation (SPA)\n var lastUrl = location.href;\n setInterval(function() {\n if (location.href !== lastUrl) {\n lastUrl = location.href;\n setTimeout(tryTheater, 500);\n }\n }, 1000);\n \n // Also try on player load\n var observer = new MutationObserver(tryTheater);\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "YouTube Theater Mode Default");
}
} catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:YouTube Theater Mode Default]', __e); }
})();
(function(){
try {
var __m = "*";
var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '

Skip to content
build,src,crypto: improve startup performance - #65549
Draft
avivkeller wants to merge 3 commits into
nodejs:mainfrom 
avivkeller:startup-perf
Draft
build,src,crypto: improve startup performance#65549
avivkeller wants to merge 3 commits into
nodejs:mainfrom 
avivkeller:startup-perf
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@avivkelleravivkeller
commented
Aug 25, 2026•

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(I can split these into separate PRs if needed, but I figured a single PR with separate commits would be sufficient since the changes are related: ce94bb8 made me think about 2dffdbf, which in turn relied on a1ba046.)
In order of commits, this:
  • Avoids atexit(), since it's slow (dladdr() performs an expensive linear scan of the executable's symbol table)
  • Lazily-loads well-known Crypto ciphers
  • Once again avoids atexit(), this time in OpenSSL.
On my mac, improves startups by ~15%:
$ hyperfine --warmup 25 --runs 100 'node -e "0"' './node -e "0"'
Benchmark 1: node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 39.3 ms ± 2.2 ms [User: 31.6 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 36.5 ms … 55.0 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Benchmark 2: ./node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 34.2 ms ± 2.1 ms [User: 26.4 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 32.4 ms … 49.3 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Summary
./node -e "0" ran
1.15 ± 0.10 times faster than node -e "0"

@avivkelleravivkeller
added

performance
Issues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.
commit-queue-rebase
PRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.
labels
Aug 25, 2026
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Review requested:
  •  @nodejs/crypto
  •  @nodejs/gyp
  •  @nodejs/security-wg
  •  @nodejs/startup
  •  @nodejs/v8-update
@nodejs-github-botnodejs-github-bot
added

lib / src
Issues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.
needs-ci
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labels
Aug 25, 2026
@avivkeller
src: avoid atexit() for ResetStdio
ce94bb8
atexit() calls dladdr() to find the image that
owns the callback. dladdr() performs an expensive
linear scan of the executable's symbol
table, so we now avoid it entirely.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
crypto: resolve ciphers lazily
a1ba046
The Cipher::AES_* and Cipher::CHACHA20_POLY1305
constants were initialized by static initializers
while the executable is still being loaded.
Lazily-load them now, so they are only init'd on
first use.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
src: do not register OpenSSL's atexit() handler
2dffdbf
Now that crypto no longer initializes OpenSSL
from a static initalizer (see previous commit),
nothing requires OpenSSL to be torn down at process
exit. As mentioned in an earlier commit, `atexit`
is expensive, so we now once again avoid it.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@jasnell
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Aug 25, 2026

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Please separate out the crypto ones into a separate PR and coordinate with @panva ... he has some other edits that may conflict.
@panva
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Aug 25, 2026•

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a1ba046 conflicts with #65484, please hold off updating crypto until those changes land.
@avivkeller
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marked this pull request as draft
August 25, 2026 19:07
@panva
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Aug 25, 2026

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Thank you
@codecov
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Aug 25, 2026

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Codecov Report
❌ Patch coverage is 78.57143% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

✅ Project coverage is 90.11%. Comparing base (ce40aa2) to head (2dffdbf).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on main.
Files with missing linesPatch %Lines
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc77.77%0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
src/node.cc75.00%0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@ Coverage Diff @@## main #65549 +/- ##
==========================================
- Coverage 90.14% 90.11% -0.03% 
==========================================
Files 751 751 Lines 253635 253645 +10 Branches 47793 47786 -7 ==========================================
- Hits 228632 228574 -58 - Misses 16249 16315 +66 - Partials 8754 8756 +2 
Files with missing linesCoverage Δ
src/crypto/crypto_aes.h33.33% <ø> (ø)
src/crypto/crypto_chacha20_poly1305.cc52.27% <100.00%> (ø)
src/node.cc76.58% <75.00%> (-0.07%)⬇️
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc71.75% <77.77%> (+0.08%)⬆️
... and 38 files with indirect coverage changes
 🚀 New features to boost your workflow: 
  • ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
  • 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.
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@avivkeller#65484 is in, i guess you're good to go
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commit-queue-rebasePRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.lib / srcIssues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.needs-ciPRs that need a full CI run.performanceIssues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.

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5 participants

@avivkeller@nodejs-github-bot@jasnell@panva@anonrig

, 'i');
if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) {
injectUserscript("// Remove or un-stick sticky/fixed headers that block content\n(function() {\n function unstick() {\n document.querySelectorAll('header, nav, [role=\"banner\"], .header, .navbar, .sticky, .fixed-top, [style*=\"position: fixed\"], [style*=\"position:sticky\"]').forEach(function(el) {\n if (el.style.position === 'fixed' || el.style.position === 'sticky' || \n getComputedStyle(el).position === 'fixed' || getComputedStyle(el).position === 'sticky') {\n el.style.position = 'static';\n el.style.top = 'auto';\n el.style.zIndex = 'auto';\n }\n });\n }\n \n unstick();\n \n var observer = new MutationObserver(unstick);\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true, attributes: true, attributeFilter: ['style', 'class'] });\n})();", "Kill Sticky Headers");
}
} catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Kill Sticky Headers]', __e); }
})();
(function(){
try {
var __m = "*";
var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '

Skip to content
build,src,crypto: improve startup performance - #65549
Draft
avivkeller wants to merge 3 commits into
nodejs:mainfrom 
avivkeller:startup-perf
Draft
build,src,crypto: improve startup performance#65549
avivkeller wants to merge 3 commits into
nodejs:mainfrom 
avivkeller:startup-perf
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@avivkeller
@avivkelleravivkeller
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Aug 25, 2026•

edited

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(I can split these into separate PRs if needed, but I figured a single PR with separate commits would be sufficient since the changes are related: ce94bb8 made me think about 2dffdbf, which in turn relied on a1ba046.)
In order of commits, this:
  • Avoids atexit(), since it's slow (dladdr() performs an expensive linear scan of the executable's symbol table)
  • Lazily-loads well-known Crypto ciphers
  • Once again avoids atexit(), this time in OpenSSL.
On my mac, improves startups by ~15%:
$ hyperfine --warmup 25 --runs 100 'node -e "0"' './node -e "0"'
Benchmark 1: node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 39.3 ms ± 2.2 ms [User: 31.6 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 36.5 ms … 55.0 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Benchmark 2: ./node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 34.2 ms ± 2.1 ms [User: 26.4 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 32.4 ms … 49.3 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Summary
./node -e "0" ran
1.15 ± 0.10 times faster than node -e "0"

@avivkelleravivkeller
added

performance
Issues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.
commit-queue-rebase
PRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.
labels
Aug 25, 2026
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Review requested:
  •  @nodejs/crypto
  •  @nodejs/gyp
  •  @nodejs/security-wg
  •  @nodejs/startup
  •  @nodejs/v8-update
@nodejs-github-botnodejs-github-bot
added

lib / src
Issues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.
needs-ci
PRs that need a full CI run.
labels
Aug 25, 2026
@avivkeller
src: avoid atexit() for ResetStdio
ce94bb8
atexit() calls dladdr() to find the image that
owns the callback. dladdr() performs an expensive
linear scan of the executable's symbol
table, so we now avoid it entirely.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
crypto: resolve ciphers lazily
a1ba046
The Cipher::AES_* and Cipher::CHACHA20_POLY1305
constants were initialized by static initializers
while the executable is still being loaded.
Lazily-load them now, so they are only init'd on
first use.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
src: do not register OpenSSL's atexit() handler
2dffdbf
Now that crypto no longer initializes OpenSSL
from a static initalizer (see previous commit),
nothing requires OpenSSL to be torn down at process
exit. As mentioned in an earlier commit, `atexit`
is expensive, so we now once again avoid it.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@jasnell
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Aug 25, 2026

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Please separate out the crypto ones into a separate PR and coordinate with @panva ... he has some other edits that may conflict.
@panva
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Aug 25, 2026•

edited

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a1ba046 conflicts with #65484, please hold off updating crypto until those changes land.
@avivkeller
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marked this pull request as draft
August 25, 2026 19:07
@panva
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Aug 25, 2026

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Thank you
@codecov
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Aug 25, 2026

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Codecov Report
❌ Patch coverage is 78.57143% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

✅ Project coverage is 90.11%. Comparing base (ce40aa2) to head (2dffdbf).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on main.
Files with missing linesPatch %Lines
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc77.77%0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
src/node.cc75.00%0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@ Coverage Diff @@## main #65549 +/- ##
==========================================
- Coverage 90.14% 90.11% -0.03% 
==========================================
Files 751 751 Lines 253635 253645 +10 Branches 47793 47786 -7 ==========================================
- Hits 228632 228574 -58 - Misses 16249 16315 +66 - Partials 8754 8756 +2 
Files with missing linesCoverage Δ
src/crypto/crypto_aes.h33.33% <ø> (ø)
src/crypto/crypto_chacha20_poly1305.cc52.27% <100.00%> (ø)
src/node.cc76.58% <75.00%> (-0.07%)⬇️
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc71.75% <77.77%> (+0.08%)⬆️
... and 38 files with indirect coverage changes
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@avivkeller#65484 is in, i guess you're good to go
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commit-queue-rebasePRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.lib / srcIssues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.needs-ciPRs that need a full CI run.performanceIssues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.

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, 'i');
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build,src,crypto: improve startup performance - #65549
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avivkeller wants to merge 3 commits into
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avivkeller:startup-perf
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build,src,crypto: improve startup performance#65549
avivkeller wants to merge 3 commits into
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avivkeller:startup-perf
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@avivkeller
@avivkelleravivkeller
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Aug 25, 2026•

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(I can split these into separate PRs if needed, but I figured a single PR with separate commits would be sufficient since the changes are related: ce94bb8 made me think about 2dffdbf, which in turn relied on a1ba046.)
In order of commits, this:
  • Avoids atexit(), since it's slow (dladdr() performs an expensive linear scan of the executable's symbol table)
  • Lazily-loads well-known Crypto ciphers
  • Once again avoids atexit(), this time in OpenSSL.
On my mac, improves startups by ~15%:
$ hyperfine --warmup 25 --runs 100 'node -e "0"' './node -e "0"'
Benchmark 1: node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 39.3 ms ± 2.2 ms [User: 31.6 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 36.5 ms … 55.0 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Benchmark 2: ./node -e "0"
Time (mean ± σ): 34.2 ms ± 2.1 ms [User: 26.4 ms, System: 6.4 ms]
Range (min … max): 32.4 ms … 49.3 ms 100 runs
Warning: Statistical outliers were detected. Consider re-running this benchmark on a quiet system without any interferences from other programs. It might help to use the '--warmup' or '--prepare' options.
Summary
./node -e "0" ran
1.15 ± 0.10 times faster than node -e "0"

@avivkelleravivkeller
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Issues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.
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Aug 25, 2026
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Aug 25, 2026

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Review requested:
  •  @nodejs/crypto
  •  @nodejs/gyp
  •  @nodejs/security-wg
  •  @nodejs/startup
  •  @nodejs/v8-update
@nodejs-github-botnodejs-github-bot
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Issues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.
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Aug 25, 2026
@avivkeller
src: avoid atexit() for ResetStdio
ce94bb8
atexit() calls dladdr() to find the image that
owns the callback. dladdr() performs an expensive
linear scan of the executable's symbol
table, so we now avoid it entirely.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
crypto: resolve ciphers lazily
a1ba046
The Cipher::AES_* and Cipher::CHACHA20_POLY1305
constants were initialized by static initializers
while the executable is still being loaded.
Lazily-load them now, so they are only init'd on
first use.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@avivkeller
src: do not register OpenSSL's atexit() handler
2dffdbf
Now that crypto no longer initializes OpenSSL
from a static initalizer (see previous commit),
nothing requires OpenSSL to be torn down at process
exit. As mentioned in an earlier commit, `atexit`
is expensive, so we now once again avoid it.
Signed-off-by: Aviv Keller <me@aviv.sh>
@jasnell
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Aug 25, 2026

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Please separate out the crypto ones into a separate PR and coordinate with @panva ... he has some other edits that may conflict.
@panva
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Aug 25, 2026•

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a1ba046 conflicts with #65484, please hold off updating crypto until those changes land.
@avivkeller
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marked this pull request as draft
August 25, 2026 19:07
@panva
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Aug 25, 2026

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Thank you
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Aug 25, 2026

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Codecov Report
❌ Patch coverage is 78.57143% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

✅ Project coverage is 90.11%. Comparing base (ce40aa2) to head (2dffdbf).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on main.
Files with missing linesPatch %Lines
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc77.77%0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
src/node.cc75.00%0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@ Coverage Diff @@## main #65549 +/- ##
==========================================
- Coverage 90.14% 90.11% -0.03% 
==========================================
Files 751 751 Lines 253635 253645 +10 Branches 47793 47786 -7 ==========================================
- Hits 228632 228574 -58 - Misses 16249 16315 +66 - Partials 8754 8756 +2 
Files with missing linesCoverage Δ
src/crypto/crypto_aes.h33.33% <ø> (ø)
src/crypto/crypto_chacha20_poly1305.cc52.27% <100.00%> (ø)
src/node.cc76.58% <75.00%> (-0.07%)⬇️
src/crypto/crypto_context.cc71.75% <77.77%> (+0.08%)⬆️
... and 38 files with indirect coverage changes
 🚀 New features to boost your workflow: 
  • ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
  • 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.
@panva
panva
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Aug 27, 2026

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@avivkeller#65484 is in, i guess you're good to go
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commit-queue-rebasePRs the Commit Queue should land as multiple self-contained commits.lib / srcIssues and PRs involving general changes in the lib/ or src/ directories.needs-ciPRs that need a full CI run.performanceIssues and PRs related to the performance of Node.js.

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5 participants

@avivkeller@nodejs-github-bot@jasnell@panva@anonrig