Add coarsen.construct

[dcherian]

• ClosesAdd coarsen.construct #5454
• Tests added
• Passes pre-commit run --all-files
• User visible changes (including notable bug fixes) are documented in whats-new.rst
• New functions/methods are listed in api.rst

Builds on #5474

Here's an example

importnumpyasnpimportxarrayasxrds=xr.Dataset(
{
"vart": ("time", np.arange(48)),
"varx": ("x", np.arange(10)),
"vartx": (("x", "time"), np.arange(480).reshape(10, 48)),
"vary": ("y", np.arange(12)),
},
coords={"time": np.arange(48), "y": np.arange(12)},
)
ds.coarsen(time=12, x=5, boundary="trim").construct(
{"time": ("year", "month"), "x": ("x", "x_reshaped")}
)

What do people think of this syntax: {"time": ("year", "month"), "x": ("x", "x_reshaped")? Should we instead do {"time": "month", "x": "x_reshaped"} and have the user later rename the x or time dimension if they want?

[pep8speaks]

Hello @dcherian! Thanks for updating this PR. We checked the lines you've touched for PEP 8 issues, and found:

• In the file xarray/tests/test_coarsen.py:

Line 16:1: F401 '.test_dataarray.da' imported but unused
Line 17:1: F401 '.test_dataset.ds' imported but unused
Line 20:36: F811 redefinition of unused 'ds' from line 17
Line 27:26: F811 redefinition of unused 'ds' from line 17
Line 42:25: F811 redefinition of unused 'ds' from line 17
Line 58:5: F811 redefinition of unused 'da' from line 16
Line 69:5: F811 redefinition of unused 'da' from line 16
Line 91:5: F811 redefinition of unused 'ds' from line 17
Line 163:5: F811 redefinition of unused 'ds' from line 17
Line 193:25: F811 redefinition of unused 'ds' from line 17
Line 224:5: F811 redefinition of unused 'da' from line 16
Line 276:5: F811 redefinition of unused 'da' from line 16
Line 298:28: F811 redefinition of unused 'da' from line 16
Line 314:5: F811 redefinition of unused 'ds' from line 17

Comment last updated at 2021-06-23 16:18:22 UTC

[mathause]

Looks good I left some minor comments. I have not looked at the moved tests.

[dcherian]

This should be ready for review & merge

[mathause]

Looks good.

[dcherian]

Thanks for the review @mathause

[github-actions]

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