GH-103484: Fix permanently redirects reported by linkcheck

[rffontenelle]

This is another patch required to fix the current state of make linkcheck in Python Docs. This pull request fixes occurrences of "redirected permanently" as reported by make linkcheck.

Please backport to 3.13 and 3.12 branches.

See below the linkcheck occurrences this PR handles:

Add or remove 'www'

• faq/design.rst:330: [redirected permanently] https://www.nuitka.net/ to https://nuitka.net/
• faq/design.rst:347: [redirected permanently] https://www.pypy.org to https://pypy.org/
• library/json.rst:14: [redirected permanently] https://www.ecma-international.org/publications-and-standards/standards/ecma-404/ to https://ecma-international.org/publications-and-standards/standards/ecma-404/
• reference/introduction.rst:72: [redirected permanently] https://www.pypy.org/ to https://pypy.org/
• using/mac.rst:157: [redirected permanently] https://qt.io to https://www.qt.io/

http to https

• library/http.cookiejar.rst:140: [redirected permanently] http://kristol.org/cookie/errata.html to https://kristol.org/cookie/errata.html
• using/windows.rst:1308: [redirected permanently] http://timgolden.me.uk/python/win32_how_do_i.html to https://timgolden.me.uk/python/win32_how_do_i.html
• whatsnew/2.4.rst:691: [redirected permanently] http://speleotrove.com/decimal/ to https://speleotrove.com/decimal/

URL path change

• library/hashlib.rst:23: [redirected permanently] https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/fips/180/4/final to https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/fips/180-4/upd1/final
• library/hashlib.rst:23: [redirected permanently] https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/fips/202/final to https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/fips/202/final
• library/hashlib.rst:657: [redirected permanently] https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/sp/800-106/archive/2009-02-25 to https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/sp/800/106/final
• library/tkinter.rst:61: [redirected permanently] https://www.packtpub.com/product/python-gui-programming-with-tkinter/9781788835886 to https://www.packtpub.com/en-us/product/python-gui-programming-with-tkinter-9781788835886
• library/typing.rst:2711: [redirected permanently] https://typing.readthedocs.io/en/latest/source/unreachable.html to https://typing.readthedocs.io/en/latest/guides/unreachable.html
• using/windows.rst:611: [redirected permanently] https://www.enthought.com/edm/ to https://assets.enthought.com/downloads/edm/

Domain name change

• library/xmlrpc.client.rst:168: [redirected permanently] https://xmlrpc-c.sourceforge.net/introspection.html to https://xmlrpc-c.sourceforge.io/introspection.html
• whatsnew/changelog.rst:8710: [redirected permanently] https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv/20230207.txt to https://openssl-library.org/news/secadv/20230207.txt

www.openssl.org/docs to docs.openssl.org

• library/ssl.rst:1566: [redirected permanently] https://www.openssl.org/docs/manmaster/man3/SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations.html to https://docs.openssl.org/master/man3/SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations/
• library/ssl.rst:1642: [redirected permanently] https://www.openssl.org/docs/manmaster/man1/ciphers.html to https://docs.openssl.org/master/man1/ciphers/
• library/ssl.rst:1876: [redirected permanently] https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.1/man3/SSL_CTX_sess_number.html to https://docs.openssl.org/1.1.1/man3/SSL_CTX_sess_number/
• library/ssl.rst:2019: [redirected permanently] https://www.openssl.org/docs/manmaster/man3/SSL_CTX_get_security_level.html to https://docs.openssl.org/master/man3/SSL_CTX_get_security_level/
• whatsnew/2.7.rst:1547: [redirected permanently] https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.0.2/man1/ciphers.html to https://docs.openssl.org/1.0.2/man1/ciphers/
• whatsnew/changelog.rst:19200: [redirected permanently] https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.1/man7/proxy-certificates.html to https://docs.openssl.org/1.1.1/man7/proxy-certificates/

pypi.org package URL normalization

• howto/curses.rst:38: [redirected permanently] https://pypi.org/project/Urwid/ to https://pypi.org/project/urwid/
• library/datetime.rst:40: [redirected permanently] https://pypi.org/project/DateType/ to https://pypi.org/project/datetype/
• library/importlib.metadata.rst:182: [redirected permanently] https://pypi.org/project/backports.entry_points_selectable/ to https://pypi.org/project/backports.entry-points-selectable/
• library/typing.rst:42: [redirected permanently] https://pypi.org/project/typing_extensions/ to https://pypi.org/project/typing-extensions/
• using/windows.rst:1288: [redirected permanently] https://pypi.org/project/PyWin32/ to https://pypi.org/project/pywin32/
• whatsnew/3.11.rst:2045: [redirected permanently] https://pypi.org/project/Pynche/ to https://pypi.org/project/pynche/
• whatsnew/3.13.rst:1315: [redirected permanently] https://pypi.org/project/crypt_r/ to https://pypi.org/project/crypt-r/

Expanding discuss.python.org URL

• library/os.rst:4513: [redirected permanently] https://discuss.python.org/t/33555 to https://discuss.python.org/t/concerns-regarding-deprecation-of-fork-with-alive-threads/33555

Website unavailable (remove or use wayback machine)

• whatsnew/2.4.rst:687: [redirected permanently] http://www.lahey.com/float.htm to https://sierraweb.com

Changes done by the bots (separated for avoid confusion)

• Issue: Sphinx linkcheck and broken/redirect occurrences in Python Docs #103484

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📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://cpython-previews--124144.org.readthedocs.build/

[gpshead]

all new URLs validated vs old for redirects.

[rffontenelle]

Added a ignore rule for discuss.python.org URL and undid the change in library/os.rst, to avoid this and future redirects caused by title text change.

[miss-islington-app]

Thanks @rffontenelle for the PR, and @gpshead for merging it 🌮🎉.. I'm working now to backport this PR to: 3.12, 3.13.
🐍🍒⛏🤖 I'm not a witch! I'm not a witch!

[bedevere-app]

GH-124151 is a backport of this pull request to the 3.13 branch.

[bedevere-app]

GH-124152 is a backport of this pull request to the 3.12 branch.