Add detector error model sampling with error recording

[Strilanc]

Example:

import stim
sampler = stim.DetectorErrorModel("""
    error(0.125) D0
    error(0.25) D1
""").compile_sampler()
det_data, obs_data, err_data = noisy_sampler.sample(shots=100, return_errors=True, bit_packed=True)

Python changes:

• Add stim.DetectorErrorModel.flattened
• Add stim.DetectorErrorModel.rounded
• Add stim.DetectorErrorModel.compile_sampler
• Add stim.CompiledDemSampler class
• Add stim.CompiledDemSampler.sample
• Add stim.CompiledDemSampler.sample_write

Doc hanges:

• Fix documented type signatures of to_file/from_file methods
• Stop listing deprecated methods in the API reference

C++ changes:

• Move more pybind-related methods into the stim_pybind namespace
• Add stim::MeasureRecordReader::read_into_table_with_major_shot_index
• Add stim::MeasureRecordReader::read_into_table_with_minor_shot_index
• Add stim::read_file_data_into_shot_table
• Add stim::RaiiFile(RaiiFile&&)
• Add stim::DemSampler
• Add stim sample_dem command line command
• Add --err_out, --err_out_format, --replay_err_in, --replay_err_in_format flags for stim sample_dem
• Add some cleanup flexibility to stim::RaiiFile (manual done, manual donotclose)
• Add read_contents/write_contents to test utility RaiiTempNamedFile
• Change stim::DetectorErrorModel::rounded to only round probabilities not coordinates

Fixes #80
Fixes #297

[shi-jie-samuel-tan]

Hi Craig, is this function stim.DetectorErrorModel.compile_sampler now available? Having the error data would be useful!

[Strilanc]

@SamuelTan97 If you install the latest development version (pip install stim==1.10.dev1658959700), it is available there.