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Summary

psutil (python system and process utilities) is a cross-platform library for retrieving information on running processes and system utilization (CPU, memory, disks, network) in Python. It is useful mainly for system monitoring, profiling and limiting process resources and management of running processes. It implements many functionalities offered by command line tools such as: ps, top, lsof, netstat, ifconfig, who, df, kill, free, nice, ionice, iostat, iotop, uptime, pidof, tty, taskset, pmap. It currently supports Linux, Windows, OSX, FreeBSD and Sun Solaris, both 32-bit and 64-bit architectures, with Python versions from 2.6 to 3.5 (users of Python 2.4 and 2.5 may use 2.1.3 version). PyPy is also known to work.

Example applications

topnettopiotop

See also:

Example usages

CPU

>>>importpsutil>>>psutil.cpu_times()
scputimes(user=3961.46, nice=169.729, system=2150.659, idle=16900.540, iowait=629.59, irq=0.0, softirq=19.42, steal=0.0, guest=0, nice=0.0)
>>>>>>forxinrange(3):
... psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1)
...
4.05.93.8>>>>>>forxinrange(3):
... psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1, percpu=True)
...
[4.0, 6.9, 3.7, 9.2]
[7.0, 8.5, 2.4, 2.1]
[1.2, 9.0, 9.9, 7.2]
>>>>>>>>>forxinrange(3):
... psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=1, percpu=False)
...
scputimes(user=1.5, nice=0.0, system=0.5, idle=96.5, iowait=1.5, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)
scputimes(user=1.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=99.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)
scputimes(user=2.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=98.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)
>>>>>>psutil.cpu_count()
4>>>psutil.cpu_count(logical=False)
2>>>

Memory

>>>psutil.virtual_memory()
svmem(total=8374149120, available=2081050624, percent=75.1, used=8074080256, free=300068864, active=3294920704, inactive=1361616896, buffers=529895424, cached=1251086336)
>>>psutil.swap_memory()
sswap(total=2097147904, used=296128512, free=1801019392, percent=14.1, sin=304193536, sout=677842944)
>>>

Disks

>>>psutil.disk_partitions()
[sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda1', mountpoint='/', fstype='ext4', opts='rw,nosuid'),
sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda2', mountpoint='/home', fstype='ext, opts='rw')]
>>>>>>psutil.disk_usage('/')
sdiskusage(total=21378641920, used=4809781248, free=15482871808, percent=22.5)
>>>>>>psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=False)
sdiskio(read_count=719566, write_count=1082197, read_bytes=18626220032, write_bytes=24081764352, read_time=5023392, write_time=63199568)
>>>

Network

>>>psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True)
{'eth0': netio(bytes_sent=485291293, bytes_recv=6004858642, packets_sent=3251564, packets_recv=4787798, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0),
'lo': netio(bytes_sent=2838627, bytes_recv=2838627, packets_sent=30567, packets_recv=30567, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0)}
>>>>>>psutil.net_connections()
[pconn(fd=115, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 48776), raddr=('93.186.135.91', 80), status='ESTABLISHED', pid=1254),
pconn(fd=117, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 43761), raddr=('72.14.234.100', 80), status='CLOSING', pid=2987),
pconn(fd=-1, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 60759), raddr=('72.14.234.104', 80), status='ESTABLISHED', pid=None),
pconn(fd=-1, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 51314), raddr=('72.14.234.83', 443), status='SYN_SENT', pid=None)
...]
>>>>>>psutil.net_if_addrs()
{'lo': [snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='127.0.0.1', netmask='255.0.0.0', broadcast='127.0.0.1', ptp=None),
snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='::1', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None, ptp=None),
snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_LINK: 17>, address='00:00:00:00:00:00', netmask=None, broadcast='00:00:00:00:00:00', ptp=None)],
'wlan0': [snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='192.168.1.3', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast='192.168.1.255', ptp=None),
snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fe80::c685:8ff:fe45:641%wlan0', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None, ptp=None),
snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_LINK: 17>, address='c4:85:08:45:06:41', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', ptp=None)]}
>>>>>>psutil.net_if_stats()
{'eth0': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=<NicDuplex.NIC_DUPLEX_FULL: 2>, speed=100, mtu=1500),
'lo': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=<NicDuplex.NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN: 0>, speed=0, mtu=65536)}

Other system info

>>>psutil.users()
[user(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/2', host='localhost', started=1340737536.0),
user(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/3', host='localhost', started=1340737792.0)]
>>>>>>psutil.boot_time()
1365519115.0>>>

Process management

>>>importpsutil>>>psutil.pids()
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 46, 48, 50, 51, 178, 182, 222, 223, 224,
268, 1215, 1216, 1220, 1221, 1243, 1244, 1301, 1601, 2237, 2355,
2637, 2774, 3932, 4176, 4177, 4185, 4187, 4189, 4225, 4243, 4245,
4263, 4282, 4306, 4311, 4312, 4313, 4314, 4337, 4339, 4357, 4358,
4363, 4383, 4395, 4408, 4433, 4443, 4445, 4446, 5167, 5234, 5235,
5252, 5318, 5424, 5644, 6987, 7054, 7055, 7071]
>>>>>>p=psutil.Process(7055)
>>>p.name()
'python'>>>p.exe()
'/usr/bin/python'>>>p.cwd()
'/home/giampaolo'>>>p.cmdline()
['/usr/bin/python', 'main.py']
>>>>>>p.status()
'running'>>>p.username()
'giampaolo'>>>p.create_time()
1267551141.5019531>>>p.terminal()
'/dev/pts/0'>>>>>>p.uids()
puids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000)
>>>p.gids()
pgids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000)
>>>>>>p.cpu_times()
pcputimes(user=1.02, system=0.31)
>>>p.cpu_percent(interval=1.0)
12.1>>>p.cpu_affinity()
[0, 1, 2, 3]
>>>p.cpu_affinity([0]) # set>>>>>>p.memory_percent()
0.63423>>>>>>p.memory_info()
pmem(rss=7471104, vms=68513792)
>>>p.memory_info_ex()
extmem(rss=9662464, vms=49192960, shared=3612672, text=2564096, lib=0, data=5754880, dirty=0)
>>>p.memory_maps()
[pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libutil-2.15.so', rss=16384, anonymous=8192, swap=0),
pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so', rss=6384, anonymous=15, swap=0),
pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.0.0', rss=34124, anonymous=1245, swap=0),
pmmap_grouped(path='[heap]', rss=54653, anonymous=8192, swap=0),
pmmap_grouped(path='[stack]', rss=1542, anonymous=166, swap=0),
...]
>>>>>>p.io_counters()
pio(read_count=478001, write_count=59371, read_bytes=700416, write_bytes=69632)
>>>>>>p.open_files()
[popenfile(path='/home/giampaolo/svn/psutil/somefile', fd=3)]
>>>>>>p.connections()
[pconn(fd=115, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 48776), raddr=('93.186.135.91', 80), status='ESTABLISHED'),
pconn(fd=117, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 43761), raddr=('72.14.234.100', 80), status='CLOSING'),
pconn(fd=119, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 60759), raddr=('72.14.234.104', 80), status='ESTABLISHED'),
pconn(fd=123, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 51314), raddr=('72.14.234.83', 443), status='SYN_SENT')]
>>>>>>p.num_threads()
4>>>p.num_fds()
8>>>p.threads()
[pthread(id=5234, user_time=22.5, system_time=9.2891),
pthread(id=5235, user_time=0.0, system_time=0.0),
pthread(id=5236, user_time=0.0, system_time=0.0),
pthread(id=5237, user_time=0.0707, system_time=1.1)]
>>>>>>p.num_ctx_switches()
pctxsw(voluntary=78, involuntary=19)
>>>>>>p.nice()
0>>>p.nice(10) # set>>>>>>p.ionice(psutil.IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE) # IO priority (Win and Linux only)>>>p.ionice()
pionice(ioclass=<IOPriority.IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE: 3>, value=0)
>>>>>>p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE, (5, 5)) # set resource limits (Linux only)>>>p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE)
(5, 5)
>>>>>>p.suspend()
>>>p.resume()
>>>>>>p.terminate()
>>>p.wait(timeout=3)
0>>>>>>psutil.test()
USERPID%CPU%MEMVSZRSSTTYSTARTTIMECOMMANDroot10.00.0245842240Jun1700:00initroot20.00.000Jun1700:00kthreaddroot30.00.000Jun1700:05ksoftirqd/0
...
giampaolo314750.00.0207603024/dev/pts/0Jun1900:00python2.4giampaolo317210.02.277306018189600:0410:30chromeroot317630.00.00000:0500:00kworker/0:1>>>

Further process APIs

>>>forpinpsutil.process_iter():
... print(p)
...
psutil.Process(pid=1, name='init')
psutil.Process(pid=2, name='kthreadd')
psutil.Process(pid=3, name='ksoftirqd/0')
...
>>>>>>defon_terminate(proc):
... print("process {} terminated".format(proc))
...
>>># waits for multiple processes to terminate>>>gone, alive=psutil.wait_procs(procs_list, 3, callback=on_terminate)
>>>

Donate

A lot of time and effort went into making psutil as it is right now. If you feel psutil is useful to you or your business and want to support its future development please consider donating me (Giampaolo Rodola') some money. I only ask for a small donation, but of course I appreciate any amount.

Donate via PayPal

Don't want to donate money? Then maybe you could write me a recommendation on Linkedin.

Mailing list

http://groups.google.com/group/psutil/

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A cross-platform process and system utilities module for Python

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