chore: upgrade GitHub Actions for Node.js 24 compatibility

[socksy]

Summary

• Upgrades actions/checkout, actions/upload-artifact, actions/download-artifact, and actions/setup-python to latest major versions (v6/v7) across all workflows
• Upgrades cargo-dist from v0.31.0 to v0.31.1
• Fixes PyPI publish failure: publish-pypi.yml was using download-artifact@v4 which corrupted wheel files (adding trailing data to ZIPs), causing PyPI to reject uploads with "ZIP archive not accepted: Trailing data"

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