Add World.close() for clean resource cleanup in CLI and short-lived processes

[TooTallNate]

Added a close() method to the World interface and implemented it across world implementations to ensure clean process exits without relying on process.exit().

What changed?

• Added an optional close() method to the World interface for releasing resources
• Implemented close() in world-local to close the undici HTTP agent
• Implemented close() in world-postgres to stop PgBoss and close the postgres connection pool
• Enhanced the CLI's BaseCommand to call World.close() after commands complete
• Refactored the HTTP agent in world-local from a module-level singleton to an instance-scoped resource
• Added an E2E test for the CLI cancel command to verify the clean exit path

How to test?

1. Run CLI commands and verify they exit cleanly without hanging
2. Test the new E2E test for the cancel command
3. Verify that long-running processes using the workflow library can exit cleanly after calling World.close()

Why make this change?

Previously, processes using the workflow library could hang after completing their work because resources like HTTP agents, database connections, and queue listeners remained active. This change ensures that all resources are properly released when a process is done with the workflow world, allowing for clean exits without having to force termination with process.exit().

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: e058570

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-nest	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	534	0	38	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2496	46	275	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

• webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

• addTenWorkflow
• addTenWorkflow
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow
• promiseRaceWorkflow
• promiseAnyWorkflow
• hookWorkflow
• webhookWorkflow
• sleepingWorkflow
• parallelSleepWorkflow
• nullByteWorkflow
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
• fetchWorkflow
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	48	0	4
✅ example	48	0	4
✅ express	48	0	4
✅ fastify	48	0	4
✅ hono	48	0	4
✅ nextjs-turbopack	51	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack	51	0	1
✅ nitro	48	0	4
✅ nuxt	48	0	4
✅ sveltekit	48	0	4
✅ vite	48	0	4

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	0	7

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

• Add World.close() for clean resource cleanup in CLI and short-lived processes #1081 👈 (View in Graphite)
• Fix CLI missing specVersion in "run_cancelled" event payload #1078
• main

This stack of pull requests is managed by Graphite. Learn more about stacking.

[VaguelySerious]

Seems unrelated?

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.033s (-1.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.034s (+1.8%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.039s (-1.5%)	1.005s (~)	0.966s	10	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.045s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.959s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.091s (-73.0% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.919s	10	2.80x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.111s (-4.9%)	1.007s (~)	0.896s	10	3.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.132s (-5.2% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.878s	10	4.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.540s (-19.6% 🟢)	1.692s (-16.6% 🟢)	1.152s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.648s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.223s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.575s	10	1.20x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.664s (+12.6% 🔺)	2.132s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.468s	10	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.098s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.907s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.110s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.896s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.111s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.300s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.708s	10	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.410s (~)	3.014s (~)	0.604s	10	2.19x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.412s (+0.8%)	2.915s (-3.4%)	0.503s	10	2.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.217s (-7.4% 🟢)	2.932s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.716s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.277s (-1.3%)	3.247s (-1.8%)	0.970s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.405s (+6.1% 🔺)	3.501s (+8.5% 🔺)	1.095s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	10.706s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.317s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.718s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.304s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.840s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.182s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.861s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.161s	3	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.257s (~)	13.020s (~)	0.763s	3	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	15.402s (-23.9% 🟢)	16.047s (-23.8% 🟢)	0.646s	2	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Express	20.375s (~)	21.060s (~)	0.686s	2	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.780s (+2.7%)	18.838s (+1.2%)	1.058s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.800s (~)	19.055s (+3.0%)	1.255s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	20.064s (+8.1% 🔺)	20.626s (~)	0.562s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	26.941s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.109s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.220s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.833s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.052s (~)	0.518s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	27.600s (~)	28.054s (~)	0.454s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.453s (~)	31.039s (~)	0.586s	2	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	37.733s (-25.3% 🟢)	38.094s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.361s	2	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	50.387s (~)	51.132s (~)	0.745s	2	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.825s (+1.0%)	44.292s (+2.0%)	1.467s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.098s (-1.3%)	44.546s (-1.0%)	1.448s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.797s (-2.8%)	44.863s (-3.1%)	1.066s	2	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	54.345s (~)	55.097s (~)	0.752s	2	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.993s (+0.6%)	57.105s (~)	0.112s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.431s (~)	58.106s (~)	0.676s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.689s (+0.7%)	58.107s (~)	0.418s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.734s (~)	61.059s (~)	0.325s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	75.423s (-24.7% 🟢)	76.190s (-24.0% 🟢)	0.767s	2	1.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	100.276s (~)	101.245s (~)	0.969s	1	1.85x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	87.887s (~)	88.757s (-0.6%)	0.870s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	89.753s (+2.1%)	91.502s (+3.5%)	1.749s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	90.417s (+0.8%)	91.030s (~)	0.613s	1	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.250s (+1.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.756s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.586s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (-0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.585s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.444s (+1.7%)	2.005s (~)	0.562s	15	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.902s (-12.2% 🟢)	2.079s (-31.0% 🟢)	0.177s	15	1.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.167s (+2.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.839s	10	1.73x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.279s (-0.9%)	3.014s (~)	0.736s	10	1.82x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.579s (+12.7% 🔺)	3.570s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.992s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+7.0% 🔺)	3.347s (-0.5%)	0.749s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.631s (+3.4%)	3.488s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.857s	9	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.464s (-2.3%)	3.007s (~)	0.543s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.491s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.516s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	2.652s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.356s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.671s (+1.6%)	3.007s (~)	0.336s	10	1.08x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.724s (-1.2%)	5.175s (~)	0.451s	6	1.92x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	7.979s (+1.4%)	8.281s (-3.0%)	0.302s	4	3.24x
🐘 Postgres	Express	8.853s (+12.1% 🔺)	9.287s (+12.2% 🔺)	0.434s	4	3.59x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.667s (-15.5% 🟢)	3.547s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.880s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.977s (-3.6%)	3.830s (-10.6% 🟢)	0.853s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.519s (+13.8% 🔺)	4.581s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.062s	7	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.079s (~)	4.725s (~)	0.645s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	7.650s (~)	8.018s (~)	0.368s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.689s (-1.5%)	8.018s (~)	0.329s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.855s (+7.0% 🔺)	8.520s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.665s	4	1.93x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.822s (~)	10.345s (~)	0.523s	3	2.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	46.021s (-7.2% 🟢)	46.145s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.124s	1	11.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	48.474s (-2.5%)	49.124s (-2.0%)	0.650s	1	11.88x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.106s (-1.0%)	3.966s (-13.2% 🟢)	0.860s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.472s (+9.5% 🔺)	4.633s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.161s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.664s (+8.4% 🔺)	4.686s (+2.1%)	1.022s	7	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.235s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.771s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.431s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.575s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.437s (+1.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.569s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.456s (+1.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.549s	15	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+11.9% 🔺)	2.833s (+40.8% 🔺)	0.762s	11	1.68x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.154s (-2.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.854s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.240s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.835s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.596s	11	1.81x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.240s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.955s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.715s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.302s (+3.3%)	3.381s (-1.5%)	1.079s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.357s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.357s (+2.7%)	1.001s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.485s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.523s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.680s (+3.0%)	3.009s (~)	0.328s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.736s (+0.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.272s	10	1.10x
💻 Local	Express	2.889s (+4.3%)	3.111s (+3.4%)	0.222s	10	1.16x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.718s (~)	5.177s (~)	0.459s	6	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.126s (+14.9% 🔺)	10.704s (+15.3% 🔺)	0.578s	3	4.07x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.630s (-5.6% 🟢)	12.040s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.410s	3	4.68x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.448s (-2.7%)	3.535s (~)	1.087s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.518s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.535s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.017s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.582s (+2.6%)	3.484s (+4.4%)	0.902s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.087s (+1.4%)	4.724s (+3.1%)	0.637s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.335s (~)	9.021s (~)	0.686s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	9.016s (+16.1% 🔺)	0.676s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Express	8.732s (+3.7%)	9.022s (~)	0.290s	4	2.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.795s (~)	10.348s (~)	0.553s	3	2.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	49.258s (+5.0% 🔺)	50.118s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.860s	1	12.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	51.907s (-1.3%)	52.125s (-1.9%)	0.218s	1	12.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.748s (-2.4%)	3.545s (-1.9%)	0.796s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.069s (-19.1% 🟢)	3.891s (-23.3% 🟢)	0.822s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.959s (+21.6% 🔺)	4.889s (+20.2% 🔺)	0.930s	7	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+0.6%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-8.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.861s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+3.6%)	1.001s (~)	0.012s (+13.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.871s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (-1.5%)	1.002s (~)	0.011s (-7.3% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.186s (+9.6% 🔺)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (+7.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.831s	10	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-0.6%)	0.967s (+0.6%)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.527s	10	3.30x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.357s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.730s (-37.8% 🟢)	0.001s (~)	2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)	0.657s	10	9.30x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.359s (-1.4%)	2.684s (+1.3%)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	3.016s (~)	0.657s	10	16.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.908s (-16.3% 🟢)	2.642s (-2.9%)	0.342s (+86.5% 🔺)	3.591s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.683s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.065s (+2.9%)	2.548s (-3.1%)	0.231s (+1.6%)	3.251s (-5.8% 🟢)	1.187s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.361s (+16.7% 🔺)	2.623s (+2.0%)	0.321s (+48.2% 🔺)	3.715s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.354s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10/12
▲ Vercel	Express	5/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	💻 Local	9/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	7/12
Nitro	💻 Local	8/12

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Added a close() method to the World interface and implemented it across world implementations to ensure clean process exits without relying on process.exit().

What changed?

• Added an optional close() method to the World interface for releasing resources
• Implemented close() in world-local to close the undici HTTP agent
• Implemented close() in world-postgres to stop PgBoss and close the postgres connection pool
• Enhanced the CLI's BaseCommand to call World.close() after commands complete
• Refactored the HTTP agent in world-local from a module-level singleton to an instance-scoped resource
• Added an E2E test for the CLI cancel command to verify the clean exit path

How to test?

1. Run CLI commands and verify they exit cleanly without hanging
2. Test the new E2E test for the cancel command
3. Verify that long-running processes using the workflow library can exit cleanly after calling World.close()

Why make this change?

Previously, processes using the workflow library could hang after completing their work because resources like HTTP agents, database connections, and queue listeners remained active. This change ensures that all resources are properly released when a process is done with the workflow world, allowing for clean exits without having to force termination with process.exit().

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: e058570

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-nest	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	534	0	38	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2496	46	275	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

• webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

• addTenWorkflow
• addTenWorkflow
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow
• promiseRaceWorkflow
• promiseAnyWorkflow
• hookWorkflow
• webhookWorkflow
• sleepingWorkflow
• parallelSleepWorkflow
• nullByteWorkflow
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
• fetchWorkflow
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	48	0	4
✅ example	48	0	4
✅ express	48	0	4
✅ fastify	48	0	4
✅ hono	48	0	4
✅ nextjs-turbopack	51	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack	51	0	1
✅ nitro	48	0	4
✅ nuxt	48	0	4
✅ sveltekit	48	0	4
✅ vite	48	0	4

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	0	7

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

• Add World.close() for clean resource cleanup in CLI and short-lived processes #1081 👈 (View in Graphite)
• Fix CLI missing specVersion in "run_cancelled" event payload #1078
• main

This stack of pull requests is managed by Graphite. Learn more about stacking.

[VaguelySerious]

Seems unrelated?

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.033s (-1.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.034s (+1.8%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.039s (-1.5%)	1.005s (~)	0.966s	10	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.045s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.959s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.091s (-73.0% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.919s	10	2.80x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.111s (-4.9%)	1.007s (~)	0.896s	10	3.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.132s (-5.2% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.878s	10	4.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.540s (-19.6% 🟢)	1.692s (-16.6% 🟢)	1.152s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.648s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.223s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.575s	10	1.20x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.664s (+12.6% 🔺)	2.132s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.468s	10	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.098s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.907s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.110s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.896s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.111s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.300s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.708s	10	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.410s (~)	3.014s (~)	0.604s	10	2.19x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.412s (+0.8%)	2.915s (-3.4%)	0.503s	10	2.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.217s (-7.4% 🟢)	2.932s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.716s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.277s (-1.3%)	3.247s (-1.8%)	0.970s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.405s (+6.1% 🔺)	3.501s (+8.5% 🔺)	1.095s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	10.706s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.317s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.718s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.304s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.840s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.182s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.861s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.161s	3	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.257s (~)	13.020s (~)	0.763s	3	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	15.402s (-23.9% 🟢)	16.047s (-23.8% 🟢)	0.646s	2	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Express	20.375s (~)	21.060s (~)	0.686s	2	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.780s (+2.7%)	18.838s (+1.2%)	1.058s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.800s (~)	19.055s (+3.0%)	1.255s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	20.064s (+8.1% 🔺)	20.626s (~)	0.562s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	26.941s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.109s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.220s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.833s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.052s (~)	0.518s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	27.600s (~)	28.054s (~)	0.454s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.453s (~)	31.039s (~)	0.586s	2	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	37.733s (-25.3% 🟢)	38.094s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.361s	2	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	50.387s (~)	51.132s (~)	0.745s	2	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.825s (+1.0%)	44.292s (+2.0%)	1.467s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.098s (-1.3%)	44.546s (-1.0%)	1.448s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.797s (-2.8%)	44.863s (-3.1%)	1.066s	2	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	54.345s (~)	55.097s (~)	0.752s	2	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.993s (+0.6%)	57.105s (~)	0.112s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.431s (~)	58.106s (~)	0.676s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.689s (+0.7%)	58.107s (~)	0.418s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.734s (~)	61.059s (~)	0.325s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	75.423s (-24.7% 🟢)	76.190s (-24.0% 🟢)	0.767s	2	1.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	100.276s (~)	101.245s (~)	0.969s	1	1.85x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	87.887s (~)	88.757s (-0.6%)	0.870s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	89.753s (+2.1%)	91.502s (+3.5%)	1.749s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	90.417s (+0.8%)	91.030s (~)	0.613s	1	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.250s (+1.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.756s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.586s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (-0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.585s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.444s (+1.7%)	2.005s (~)	0.562s	15	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.902s (-12.2% 🟢)	2.079s (-31.0% 🟢)	0.177s	15	1.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.167s (+2.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.839s	10	1.73x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.279s (-0.9%)	3.014s (~)	0.736s	10	1.82x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.579s (+12.7% 🔺)	3.570s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.992s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+7.0% 🔺)	3.347s (-0.5%)	0.749s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.631s (+3.4%)	3.488s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.857s	9	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.464s (-2.3%)	3.007s (~)	0.543s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.491s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.516s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	2.652s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.356s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.671s (+1.6%)	3.007s (~)	0.336s	10	1.08x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.724s (-1.2%)	5.175s (~)	0.451s	6	1.92x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	7.979s (+1.4%)	8.281s (-3.0%)	0.302s	4	3.24x
🐘 Postgres	Express	8.853s (+12.1% 🔺)	9.287s (+12.2% 🔺)	0.434s	4	3.59x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.667s (-15.5% 🟢)	3.547s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.880s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.977s (-3.6%)	3.830s (-10.6% 🟢)	0.853s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.519s (+13.8% 🔺)	4.581s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.062s	7	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.079s (~)	4.725s (~)	0.645s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	7.650s (~)	8.018s (~)	0.368s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.689s (-1.5%)	8.018s (~)	0.329s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.855s (+7.0% 🔺)	8.520s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.665s	4	1.93x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.822s (~)	10.345s (~)	0.523s	3	2.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	46.021s (-7.2% 🟢)	46.145s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.124s	1	11.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	48.474s (-2.5%)	49.124s (-2.0%)	0.650s	1	11.88x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.106s (-1.0%)	3.966s (-13.2% 🟢)	0.860s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.472s (+9.5% 🔺)	4.633s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.161s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.664s (+8.4% 🔺)	4.686s (+2.1%)	1.022s	7	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.235s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.771s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.431s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.575s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.437s (+1.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.569s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.456s (+1.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.549s	15	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+11.9% 🔺)	2.833s (+40.8% 🔺)	0.762s	11	1.68x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.154s (-2.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.854s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.240s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.835s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.596s	11	1.81x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.240s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.955s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.715s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.302s (+3.3%)	3.381s (-1.5%)	1.079s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.357s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.357s (+2.7%)	1.001s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.485s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.523s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.680s (+3.0%)	3.009s (~)	0.328s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.736s (+0.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.272s	10	1.10x
💻 Local	Express	2.889s (+4.3%)	3.111s (+3.4%)	0.222s	10	1.16x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.718s (~)	5.177s (~)	0.459s	6	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.126s (+14.9% 🔺)	10.704s (+15.3% 🔺)	0.578s	3	4.07x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.630s (-5.6% 🟢)	12.040s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.410s	3	4.68x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.448s (-2.7%)	3.535s (~)	1.087s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.518s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.535s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.017s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.582s (+2.6%)	3.484s (+4.4%)	0.902s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.087s (+1.4%)	4.724s (+3.1%)	0.637s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.335s (~)	9.021s (~)	0.686s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	9.016s (+16.1% 🔺)	0.676s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Express	8.732s (+3.7%)	9.022s (~)	0.290s	4	2.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.795s (~)	10.348s (~)	0.553s	3	2.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	49.258s (+5.0% 🔺)	50.118s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.860s	1	12.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	51.907s (-1.3%)	52.125s (-1.9%)	0.218s	1	12.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.748s (-2.4%)	3.545s (-1.9%)	0.796s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.069s (-19.1% 🟢)	3.891s (-23.3% 🟢)	0.822s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.959s (+21.6% 🔺)	4.889s (+20.2% 🔺)	0.930s	7	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+0.6%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-8.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.861s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+3.6%)	1.001s (~)	0.012s (+13.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.871s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (-1.5%)	1.002s (~)	0.011s (-7.3% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.186s (+9.6% 🔺)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (+7.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.831s	10	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-0.6%)	0.967s (+0.6%)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.527s	10	3.30x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.357s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.730s (-37.8% 🟢)	0.001s (~)	2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)	0.657s	10	9.30x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.359s (-1.4%)	2.684s (+1.3%)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	3.016s (~)	0.657s	10	16.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.908s (-16.3% 🟢)	2.642s (-2.9%)	0.342s (+86.5% 🔺)	3.591s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.683s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.065s (+2.9%)	2.548s (-3.1%)	0.231s (+1.6%)	3.251s (-5.8% 🟢)	1.187s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.361s (+16.7% 🔺)	2.623s (+2.0%)	0.321s (+48.2% 🔺)	3.715s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.354s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10/12
▲ Vercel	Express	5/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	💻 Local	9/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	7/12
Nitro	💻 Local	8/12

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Added a close() method to the World interface and implemented it across world implementations to ensure clean process exits without relying on process.exit().

What changed?

• Added an optional close() method to the World interface for releasing resources
• Implemented close() in world-local to close the undici HTTP agent
• Implemented close() in world-postgres to stop PgBoss and close the postgres connection pool
• Enhanced the CLI's BaseCommand to call World.close() after commands complete
• Refactored the HTTP agent in world-local from a module-level singleton to an instance-scoped resource
• Added an E2E test for the CLI cancel command to verify the clean exit path

How to test?

1. Run CLI commands and verify they exit cleanly without hanging
2. Test the new E2E test for the cancel command
3. Verify that long-running processes using the workflow library can exit cleanly after calling World.close()

Why make this change?

Previously, processes using the workflow library could hang after completing their work because resources like HTTP agents, database connections, and queue listeners remained active. This change ensures that all resources are properly released when a process is done with the workflow world, allowing for clean exits without having to force termination with process.exit().

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: e058570

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-nest	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	534	0	38	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2496	46	275	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

• webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

• addTenWorkflow
• addTenWorkflow
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow
• promiseRaceWorkflow
• promiseAnyWorkflow
• hookWorkflow
• webhookWorkflow
• sleepingWorkflow
• parallelSleepWorkflow
• nullByteWorkflow
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
• fetchWorkflow
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	48	0	4
✅ example	48	0	4
✅ express	48	0	4
✅ fastify	48	0	4
✅ hono	48	0	4
✅ nextjs-turbopack	51	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack	51	0	1
✅ nitro	48	0	4
✅ nuxt	48	0	4
✅ sveltekit	48	0	4
✅ vite	48	0	4

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	0	7

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

• Add World.close() for clean resource cleanup in CLI and short-lived processes #1081 👈 (View in Graphite)
• Fix CLI missing specVersion in "run_cancelled" event payload #1078
• main

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.033s (-1.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.034s (+1.8%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.039s (-1.5%)	1.005s (~)	0.966s	10	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.045s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.959s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.091s (-73.0% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.919s	10	2.80x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.111s (-4.9%)	1.007s (~)	0.896s	10	3.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.132s (-5.2% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.878s	10	4.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.540s (-19.6% 🟢)	1.692s (-16.6% 🟢)	1.152s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.648s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.223s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.575s	10	1.20x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.664s (+12.6% 🔺)	2.132s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.468s	10	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.098s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.907s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.110s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.896s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.111s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.300s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.708s	10	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.410s (~)	3.014s (~)	0.604s	10	2.19x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.412s (+0.8%)	2.915s (-3.4%)	0.503s	10	2.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.217s (-7.4% 🟢)	2.932s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.716s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.277s (-1.3%)	3.247s (-1.8%)	0.970s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.405s (+6.1% 🔺)	3.501s (+8.5% 🔺)	1.095s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	10.706s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.317s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.718s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.304s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.840s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.182s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.861s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.161s	3	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.257s (~)	13.020s (~)	0.763s	3	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	15.402s (-23.9% 🟢)	16.047s (-23.8% 🟢)	0.646s	2	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Express	20.375s (~)	21.060s (~)	0.686s	2	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.780s (+2.7%)	18.838s (+1.2%)	1.058s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.800s (~)	19.055s (+3.0%)	1.255s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	20.064s (+8.1% 🔺)	20.626s (~)	0.562s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	26.941s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.109s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.220s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.833s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.052s (~)	0.518s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	27.600s (~)	28.054s (~)	0.454s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.453s (~)	31.039s (~)	0.586s	2	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	37.733s (-25.3% 🟢)	38.094s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.361s	2	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	50.387s (~)	51.132s (~)	0.745s	2	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.825s (+1.0%)	44.292s (+2.0%)	1.467s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.098s (-1.3%)	44.546s (-1.0%)	1.448s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.797s (-2.8%)	44.863s (-3.1%)	1.066s	2	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	54.345s (~)	55.097s (~)	0.752s	2	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.993s (+0.6%)	57.105s (~)	0.112s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.431s (~)	58.106s (~)	0.676s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.689s (+0.7%)	58.107s (~)	0.418s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.734s (~)	61.059s (~)	0.325s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	75.423s (-24.7% 🟢)	76.190s (-24.0% 🟢)	0.767s	2	1.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	100.276s (~)	101.245s (~)	0.969s	1	1.85x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	87.887s (~)	88.757s (-0.6%)	0.870s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	89.753s (+2.1%)	91.502s (+3.5%)	1.749s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	90.417s (+0.8%)	91.030s (~)	0.613s	1	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.250s (+1.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.756s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.586s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (-0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.585s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.444s (+1.7%)	2.005s (~)	0.562s	15	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.902s (-12.2% 🟢)	2.079s (-31.0% 🟢)	0.177s	15	1.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.167s (+2.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.839s	10	1.73x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.279s (-0.9%)	3.014s (~)	0.736s	10	1.82x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.579s (+12.7% 🔺)	3.570s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.992s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+7.0% 🔺)	3.347s (-0.5%)	0.749s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.631s (+3.4%)	3.488s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.857s	9	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.464s (-2.3%)	3.007s (~)	0.543s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.491s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.516s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	2.652s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.356s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.671s (+1.6%)	3.007s (~)	0.336s	10	1.08x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.724s (-1.2%)	5.175s (~)	0.451s	6	1.92x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	7.979s (+1.4%)	8.281s (-3.0%)	0.302s	4	3.24x
🐘 Postgres	Express	8.853s (+12.1% 🔺)	9.287s (+12.2% 🔺)	0.434s	4	3.59x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.667s (-15.5% 🟢)	3.547s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.880s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.977s (-3.6%)	3.830s (-10.6% 🟢)	0.853s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.519s (+13.8% 🔺)	4.581s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.062s	7	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.079s (~)	4.725s (~)	0.645s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	7.650s (~)	8.018s (~)	0.368s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.689s (-1.5%)	8.018s (~)	0.329s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.855s (+7.0% 🔺)	8.520s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.665s	4	1.93x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.822s (~)	10.345s (~)	0.523s	3	2.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	46.021s (-7.2% 🟢)	46.145s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.124s	1	11.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	48.474s (-2.5%)	49.124s (-2.0%)	0.650s	1	11.88x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.106s (-1.0%)	3.966s (-13.2% 🟢)	0.860s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.472s (+9.5% 🔺)	4.633s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.161s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.664s (+8.4% 🔺)	4.686s (+2.1%)	1.022s	7	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.235s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.771s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.431s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.575s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.437s (+1.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.569s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.456s (+1.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.549s	15	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+11.9% 🔺)	2.833s (+40.8% 🔺)	0.762s	11	1.68x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.154s (-2.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.854s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.240s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.835s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.596s	11	1.81x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.240s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.955s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.715s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.302s (+3.3%)	3.381s (-1.5%)	1.079s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.357s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.357s (+2.7%)	1.001s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.485s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.523s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.680s (+3.0%)	3.009s (~)	0.328s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.736s (+0.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.272s	10	1.10x
💻 Local	Express	2.889s (+4.3%)	3.111s (+3.4%)	0.222s	10	1.16x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.718s (~)	5.177s (~)	0.459s	6	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.126s (+14.9% 🔺)	10.704s (+15.3% 🔺)	0.578s	3	4.07x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.630s (-5.6% 🟢)	12.040s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.410s	3	4.68x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.448s (-2.7%)	3.535s (~)	1.087s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.518s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.535s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.017s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.582s (+2.6%)	3.484s (+4.4%)	0.902s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.087s (+1.4%)	4.724s (+3.1%)	0.637s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.335s (~)	9.021s (~)	0.686s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	9.016s (+16.1% 🔺)	0.676s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Express	8.732s (+3.7%)	9.022s (~)	0.290s	4	2.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.795s (~)	10.348s (~)	0.553s	3	2.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	49.258s (+5.0% 🔺)	50.118s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.860s	1	12.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	51.907s (-1.3%)	52.125s (-1.9%)	0.218s	1	12.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.748s (-2.4%)	3.545s (-1.9%)	0.796s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.069s (-19.1% 🟢)	3.891s (-23.3% 🟢)	0.822s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.959s (+21.6% 🔺)	4.889s (+20.2% 🔺)	0.930s	7	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+0.6%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-8.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.861s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+3.6%)	1.001s (~)	0.012s (+13.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.871s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (-1.5%)	1.002s (~)	0.011s (-7.3% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.186s (+9.6% 🔺)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (+7.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.831s	10	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-0.6%)	0.967s (+0.6%)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.527s	10	3.30x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.357s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.730s (-37.8% 🟢)	0.001s (~)	2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)	0.657s	10	9.30x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.359s (-1.4%)	2.684s (+1.3%)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	3.016s (~)	0.657s	10	16.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.908s (-16.3% 🟢)	2.642s (-2.9%)	0.342s (+86.5% 🔺)	3.591s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.683s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.065s (+2.9%)	2.548s (-3.1%)	0.231s (+1.6%)	3.251s (-5.8% 🟢)	1.187s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.361s (+16.7% 🔺)	2.623s (+2.0%)	0.321s (+48.2% 🔺)	3.715s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.354s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10/12
▲ Vercel	Express	5/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	💻 Local	9/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	7/12
Nitro	💻 Local	8/12

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Added a close() method to the World interface and implemented it across world implementations to ensure clean process exits without relying on process.exit().

What changed?

• Added an optional close() method to the World interface for releasing resources
• Implemented close() in world-local to close the undici HTTP agent
• Implemented close() in world-postgres to stop PgBoss and close the postgres connection pool
• Enhanced the CLI's BaseCommand to call World.close() after commands complete
• Refactored the HTTP agent in world-local from a module-level singleton to an instance-scoped resource
• Added an E2E test for the CLI cancel command to verify the clean exit path

How to test?

1. Run CLI commands and verify they exit cleanly without hanging
2. Test the new E2E test for the cancel command
3. Verify that long-running processes using the workflow library can exit cleanly after calling World.close()

Why make this change?

Previously, processes using the workflow library could hang after completing their work because resources like HTTP agents, database connections, and queue listeners remained active. This change ensures that all resources are properly released when a process is done with the workflow world, allowing for clean exits without having to force termination with process.exit().

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: e058570

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-nest	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	534	0	38	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2496	46	275	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

• webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

• addTenWorkflow
• addTenWorkflow
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow
• promiseRaceWorkflow
• promiseAnyWorkflow
• hookWorkflow
• webhookWorkflow
• sleepingWorkflow
• parallelSleepWorkflow
• nullByteWorkflow
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
• fetchWorkflow
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	48	0	4
✅ example	48	0	4
✅ express	48	0	4
✅ fastify	48	0	4
✅ hono	48	0	4
✅ nextjs-turbopack	51	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack	51	0	1
✅ nitro	48	0	4
✅ nuxt	48	0	4
✅ sveltekit	48	0	4
✅ vite	48	0	4

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	0	7

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

• Add World.close() for clean resource cleanup in CLI and short-lived processes #1081 👈 (View in Graphite)
• Fix CLI missing specVersion in "run_cancelled" event payload #1078
• main

This stack of pull requests is managed by Graphite. Learn more about stacking.

[VaguelySerious]

Seems unrelated?

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.033s (-1.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.034s (+1.8%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.039s (-1.5%)	1.005s (~)	0.966s	10	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.045s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.959s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.091s (-73.0% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.919s	10	2.80x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.111s (-4.9%)	1.007s (~)	0.896s	10	3.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.132s (-5.2% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.878s	10	4.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.540s (-19.6% 🟢)	1.692s (-16.6% 🟢)	1.152s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.648s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.223s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.575s	10	1.20x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.664s (+12.6% 🔺)	2.132s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.468s	10	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.098s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.907s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.110s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.896s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.111s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.300s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.708s	10	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.410s (~)	3.014s (~)	0.604s	10	2.19x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.412s (+0.8%)	2.915s (-3.4%)	0.503s	10	2.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.217s (-7.4% 🟢)	2.932s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.716s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.277s (-1.3%)	3.247s (-1.8%)	0.970s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.405s (+6.1% 🔺)	3.501s (+8.5% 🔺)	1.095s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	10.706s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.317s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.718s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.304s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.840s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.182s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.861s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.161s	3	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.257s (~)	13.020s (~)	0.763s	3	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	15.402s (-23.9% 🟢)	16.047s (-23.8% 🟢)	0.646s	2	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Express	20.375s (~)	21.060s (~)	0.686s	2	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.780s (+2.7%)	18.838s (+1.2%)	1.058s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.800s (~)	19.055s (+3.0%)	1.255s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	20.064s (+8.1% 🔺)	20.626s (~)	0.562s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	26.941s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.109s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.220s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.833s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.052s (~)	0.518s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	27.600s (~)	28.054s (~)	0.454s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.453s (~)	31.039s (~)	0.586s	2	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	37.733s (-25.3% 🟢)	38.094s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.361s	2	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	50.387s (~)	51.132s (~)	0.745s	2	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.825s (+1.0%)	44.292s (+2.0%)	1.467s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.098s (-1.3%)	44.546s (-1.0%)	1.448s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.797s (-2.8%)	44.863s (-3.1%)	1.066s	2	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	54.345s (~)	55.097s (~)	0.752s	2	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.993s (+0.6%)	57.105s (~)	0.112s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.431s (~)	58.106s (~)	0.676s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.689s (+0.7%)	58.107s (~)	0.418s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.734s (~)	61.059s (~)	0.325s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	75.423s (-24.7% 🟢)	76.190s (-24.0% 🟢)	0.767s	2	1.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	100.276s (~)	101.245s (~)	0.969s	1	1.85x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	87.887s (~)	88.757s (-0.6%)	0.870s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	89.753s (+2.1%)	91.502s (+3.5%)	1.749s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	90.417s (+0.8%)	91.030s (~)	0.613s	1	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.250s (+1.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.756s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.586s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (-0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.585s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.444s (+1.7%)	2.005s (~)	0.562s	15	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.902s (-12.2% 🟢)	2.079s (-31.0% 🟢)	0.177s	15	1.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.167s (+2.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.839s	10	1.73x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.279s (-0.9%)	3.014s (~)	0.736s	10	1.82x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.579s (+12.7% 🔺)	3.570s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.992s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+7.0% 🔺)	3.347s (-0.5%)	0.749s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.631s (+3.4%)	3.488s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.857s	9	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.464s (-2.3%)	3.007s (~)	0.543s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.491s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.516s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	2.652s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.356s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.671s (+1.6%)	3.007s (~)	0.336s	10	1.08x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.724s (-1.2%)	5.175s (~)	0.451s	6	1.92x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	7.979s (+1.4%)	8.281s (-3.0%)	0.302s	4	3.24x
🐘 Postgres	Express	8.853s (+12.1% 🔺)	9.287s (+12.2% 🔺)	0.434s	4	3.59x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.667s (-15.5% 🟢)	3.547s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.880s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.977s (-3.6%)	3.830s (-10.6% 🟢)	0.853s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.519s (+13.8% 🔺)	4.581s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.062s	7	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.079s (~)	4.725s (~)	0.645s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	7.650s (~)	8.018s (~)	0.368s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.689s (-1.5%)	8.018s (~)	0.329s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.855s (+7.0% 🔺)	8.520s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.665s	4	1.93x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.822s (~)	10.345s (~)	0.523s	3	2.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	46.021s (-7.2% 🟢)	46.145s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.124s	1	11.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	48.474s (-2.5%)	49.124s (-2.0%)	0.650s	1	11.88x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.106s (-1.0%)	3.966s (-13.2% 🟢)	0.860s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.472s (+9.5% 🔺)	4.633s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.161s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.664s (+8.4% 🔺)	4.686s (+2.1%)	1.022s	7	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.235s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.771s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.431s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.575s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.437s (+1.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.569s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.456s (+1.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.549s	15	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+11.9% 🔺)	2.833s (+40.8% 🔺)	0.762s	11	1.68x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.154s (-2.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.854s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.240s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.835s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.596s	11	1.81x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.240s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.955s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.715s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.302s (+3.3%)	3.381s (-1.5%)	1.079s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.357s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.357s (+2.7%)	1.001s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.485s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.523s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.680s (+3.0%)	3.009s (~)	0.328s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.736s (+0.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.272s	10	1.10x
💻 Local	Express	2.889s (+4.3%)	3.111s (+3.4%)	0.222s	10	1.16x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.718s (~)	5.177s (~)	0.459s	6	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.126s (+14.9% 🔺)	10.704s (+15.3% 🔺)	0.578s	3	4.07x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.630s (-5.6% 🟢)	12.040s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.410s	3	4.68x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.448s (-2.7%)	3.535s (~)	1.087s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.518s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.535s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.017s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.582s (+2.6%)	3.484s (+4.4%)	0.902s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.087s (+1.4%)	4.724s (+3.1%)	0.637s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.335s (~)	9.021s (~)	0.686s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	9.016s (+16.1% 🔺)	0.676s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Express	8.732s (+3.7%)	9.022s (~)	0.290s	4	2.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.795s (~)	10.348s (~)	0.553s	3	2.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	49.258s (+5.0% 🔺)	50.118s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.860s	1	12.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	51.907s (-1.3%)	52.125s (-1.9%)	0.218s	1	12.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.748s (-2.4%)	3.545s (-1.9%)	0.796s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.069s (-19.1% 🟢)	3.891s (-23.3% 🟢)	0.822s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.959s (+21.6% 🔺)	4.889s (+20.2% 🔺)	0.930s	7	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+0.6%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-8.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.861s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+3.6%)	1.001s (~)	0.012s (+13.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.871s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (-1.5%)	1.002s (~)	0.011s (-7.3% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.186s (+9.6% 🔺)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (+7.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.831s	10	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-0.6%)	0.967s (+0.6%)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.527s	10	3.30x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.357s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.730s (-37.8% 🟢)	0.001s (~)	2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)	0.657s	10	9.30x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.359s (-1.4%)	2.684s (+1.3%)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	3.016s (~)	0.657s	10	16.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.908s (-16.3% 🟢)	2.642s (-2.9%)	0.342s (+86.5% 🔺)	3.591s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.683s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.065s (+2.9%)	2.548s (-3.1%)	0.231s (+1.6%)	3.251s (-5.8% 🟢)	1.187s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.361s (+16.7% 🔺)	2.623s (+2.0%)	0.321s (+48.2% 🔺)	3.715s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.354s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10/12
▲ Vercel	Express	5/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	💻 Local	9/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	7/12
Nitro	💻 Local	8/12

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Added a close() method to the World interface and implemented it across world implementations to ensure clean process exits without relying on process.exit().

What changed?

• Added an optional close() method to the World interface for releasing resources
• Implemented close() in world-local to close the undici HTTP agent
• Implemented close() in world-postgres to stop PgBoss and close the postgres connection pool
• Enhanced the CLI's BaseCommand to call World.close() after commands complete
• Refactored the HTTP agent in world-local from a module-level singleton to an instance-scoped resource
• Added an E2E test for the CLI cancel command to verify the clean exit path

How to test?

1. Run CLI commands and verify they exit cleanly without hanging
2. Test the new E2E test for the cancel command
3. Verify that long-running processes using the workflow library can exit cleanly after calling World.close()

Why make this change?

Previously, processes using the workflow library could hang after completing their work because resources like HTTP agents, database connections, and queue listeners remained active. This change ensures that all resources are properly released when a process is done with the workflow world, allowing for clean exits without having to force termination with process.exit().

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: e058570

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-nest	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	534	0	38	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2496	46	275	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

• webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

• addTenWorkflow
• addTenWorkflow
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow
• promiseRaceWorkflow
• promiseAnyWorkflow
• hookWorkflow
• webhookWorkflow
• sleepingWorkflow
• parallelSleepWorkflow
• nullByteWorkflow
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
• fetchWorkflow
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	48	0	4
✅ example	48	0	4
✅ express	48	0	4
✅ fastify	48	0	4
✅ hono	48	0	4
✅ nextjs-turbopack	51	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack	51	0	1
✅ nitro	48	0	4
✅ nuxt	48	0	4
✅ sveltekit	48	0	4
✅ vite	48	0	4

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	0	7

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

• Add World.close() for clean resource cleanup in CLI and short-lived processes #1081 👈 (View in Graphite)
• Fix CLI missing specVersion in "run_cancelled" event payload #1078
• main

This stack of pull requests is managed by Graphite. Learn more about stacking.

[VaguelySerious]

Seems unrelated?

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.033s (-1.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.034s (+1.8%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.039s (-1.5%)	1.005s (~)	0.966s	10	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.045s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.959s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.091s (-73.0% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.919s	10	2.80x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.111s (-4.9%)	1.007s (~)	0.896s	10	3.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.132s (-5.2% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.878s	10	4.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.540s (-19.6% 🟢)	1.692s (-16.6% 🟢)	1.152s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.648s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.223s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.575s	10	1.20x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.664s (+12.6% 🔺)	2.132s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.468s	10	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.098s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.907s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.110s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.896s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.111s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.300s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.708s	10	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.410s (~)	3.014s (~)	0.604s	10	2.19x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.412s (+0.8%)	2.915s (-3.4%)	0.503s	10	2.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.217s (-7.4% 🟢)	2.932s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.716s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.277s (-1.3%)	3.247s (-1.8%)	0.970s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.405s (+6.1% 🔺)	3.501s (+8.5% 🔺)	1.095s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	10.706s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.317s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.718s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.304s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.840s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.182s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.861s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.161s	3	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.257s (~)	13.020s (~)	0.763s	3	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	15.402s (-23.9% 🟢)	16.047s (-23.8% 🟢)	0.646s	2	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Express	20.375s (~)	21.060s (~)	0.686s	2	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.780s (+2.7%)	18.838s (+1.2%)	1.058s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.800s (~)	19.055s (+3.0%)	1.255s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	20.064s (+8.1% 🔺)	20.626s (~)	0.562s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	26.941s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.109s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.220s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.833s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.052s (~)	0.518s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	27.600s (~)	28.054s (~)	0.454s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.453s (~)	31.039s (~)	0.586s	2	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	37.733s (-25.3% 🟢)	38.094s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.361s	2	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	50.387s (~)	51.132s (~)	0.745s	2	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.825s (+1.0%)	44.292s (+2.0%)	1.467s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.098s (-1.3%)	44.546s (-1.0%)	1.448s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.797s (-2.8%)	44.863s (-3.1%)	1.066s	2	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	54.345s (~)	55.097s (~)	0.752s	2	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.993s (+0.6%)	57.105s (~)	0.112s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.431s (~)	58.106s (~)	0.676s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.689s (+0.7%)	58.107s (~)	0.418s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.734s (~)	61.059s (~)	0.325s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	75.423s (-24.7% 🟢)	76.190s (-24.0% 🟢)	0.767s	2	1.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	100.276s (~)	101.245s (~)	0.969s	1	1.85x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	87.887s (~)	88.757s (-0.6%)	0.870s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	89.753s (+2.1%)	91.502s (+3.5%)	1.749s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	90.417s (+0.8%)	91.030s (~)	0.613s	1	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.250s (+1.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.756s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.586s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (-0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.585s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.444s (+1.7%)	2.005s (~)	0.562s	15	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.902s (-12.2% 🟢)	2.079s (-31.0% 🟢)	0.177s	15	1.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.167s (+2.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.839s	10	1.73x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.279s (-0.9%)	3.014s (~)	0.736s	10	1.82x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.579s (+12.7% 🔺)	3.570s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.992s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+7.0% 🔺)	3.347s (-0.5%)	0.749s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.631s (+3.4%)	3.488s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.857s	9	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.464s (-2.3%)	3.007s (~)	0.543s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.491s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.516s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	2.652s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.356s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.671s (+1.6%)	3.007s (~)	0.336s	10	1.08x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.724s (-1.2%)	5.175s (~)	0.451s	6	1.92x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	7.979s (+1.4%)	8.281s (-3.0%)	0.302s	4	3.24x
🐘 Postgres	Express	8.853s (+12.1% 🔺)	9.287s (+12.2% 🔺)	0.434s	4	3.59x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.667s (-15.5% 🟢)	3.547s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.880s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.977s (-3.6%)	3.830s (-10.6% 🟢)	0.853s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.519s (+13.8% 🔺)	4.581s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.062s	7	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.079s (~)	4.725s (~)	0.645s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	7.650s (~)	8.018s (~)	0.368s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.689s (-1.5%)	8.018s (~)	0.329s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.855s (+7.0% 🔺)	8.520s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.665s	4	1.93x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.822s (~)	10.345s (~)	0.523s	3	2.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	46.021s (-7.2% 🟢)	46.145s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.124s	1	11.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	48.474s (-2.5%)	49.124s (-2.0%)	0.650s	1	11.88x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.106s (-1.0%)	3.966s (-13.2% 🟢)	0.860s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.472s (+9.5% 🔺)	4.633s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.161s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.664s (+8.4% 🔺)	4.686s (+2.1%)	1.022s	7	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.235s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.771s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.431s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.575s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.437s (+1.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.569s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.456s (+1.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.549s	15	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+11.9% 🔺)	2.833s (+40.8% 🔺)	0.762s	11	1.68x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.154s (-2.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.854s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.240s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.835s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.596s	11	1.81x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.240s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.955s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.715s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.302s (+3.3%)	3.381s (-1.5%)	1.079s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.357s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.357s (+2.7%)	1.001s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.485s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.523s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.680s (+3.0%)	3.009s (~)	0.328s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.736s (+0.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.272s	10	1.10x
💻 Local	Express	2.889s (+4.3%)	3.111s (+3.4%)	0.222s	10	1.16x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.718s (~)	5.177s (~)	0.459s	6	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.126s (+14.9% 🔺)	10.704s (+15.3% 🔺)	0.578s	3	4.07x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.630s (-5.6% 🟢)	12.040s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.410s	3	4.68x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.448s (-2.7%)	3.535s (~)	1.087s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.518s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.535s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.017s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.582s (+2.6%)	3.484s (+4.4%)	0.902s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.087s (+1.4%)	4.724s (+3.1%)	0.637s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.335s (~)	9.021s (~)	0.686s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	9.016s (+16.1% 🔺)	0.676s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Express	8.732s (+3.7%)	9.022s (~)	0.290s	4	2.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.795s (~)	10.348s (~)	0.553s	3	2.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	49.258s (+5.0% 🔺)	50.118s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.860s	1	12.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	51.907s (-1.3%)	52.125s (-1.9%)	0.218s	1	12.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.748s (-2.4%)	3.545s (-1.9%)	0.796s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.069s (-19.1% 🟢)	3.891s (-23.3% 🟢)	0.822s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.959s (+21.6% 🔺)	4.889s (+20.2% 🔺)	0.930s	7	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+0.6%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-8.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.861s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+3.6%)	1.001s (~)	0.012s (+13.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.871s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (-1.5%)	1.002s (~)	0.011s (-7.3% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.186s (+9.6% 🔺)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (+7.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.831s	10	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-0.6%)	0.967s (+0.6%)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.527s	10	3.30x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.357s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.730s (-37.8% 🟢)	0.001s (~)	2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)	0.657s	10	9.30x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.359s (-1.4%)	2.684s (+1.3%)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	3.016s (~)	0.657s	10	16.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.908s (-16.3% 🟢)	2.642s (-2.9%)	0.342s (+86.5% 🔺)	3.591s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.683s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.065s (+2.9%)	2.548s (-3.1%)	0.231s (+1.6%)	3.251s (-5.8% 🟢)	1.187s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.361s (+16.7% 🔺)	2.623s (+2.0%)	0.321s (+48.2% 🔺)	3.715s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.354s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10/12
▲ Vercel	Express	5/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	💻 Local	9/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	7/12
Nitro	💻 Local	8/12

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Added a close() method to the World interface and implemented it across world implementations to ensure clean process exits without relying on process.exit().

What changed?

• Added an optional close() method to the World interface for releasing resources
• Implemented close() in world-local to close the undici HTTP agent
• Implemented close() in world-postgres to stop PgBoss and close the postgres connection pool
• Enhanced the CLI's BaseCommand to call World.close() after commands complete
• Refactored the HTTP agent in world-local from a module-level singleton to an instance-scoped resource
• Added an E2E test for the CLI cancel command to verify the clean exit path

How to test?

1. Run CLI commands and verify they exit cleanly without hanging
2. Test the new E2E test for the cancel command
3. Verify that long-running processes using the workflow library can exit cleanly after calling World.close()

Why make this change?

Previously, processes using the workflow library could hang after completing their work because resources like HTTP agents, database connections, and queue listeners remained active. This change ensures that all resources are properly released when a process is done with the workflow world, allowing for clean exits without having to force termination with process.exit().

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: e058570

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-nest	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	534	0	38	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2496	46	275	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

• webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

• addTenWorkflow
• addTenWorkflow
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow
• promiseRaceWorkflow
• promiseAnyWorkflow
• hookWorkflow
• webhookWorkflow
• sleepingWorkflow
• parallelSleepWorkflow
• nullByteWorkflow
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
• fetchWorkflow
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	48	0	4
✅ example	48	0	4
✅ express	48	0	4
✅ fastify	48	0	4
✅ hono	48	0	4
✅ nextjs-turbopack	51	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack	51	0	1
✅ nitro	48	0	4
✅ nuxt	48	0	4
✅ sveltekit	48	0	4
✅ vite	48	0	4

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	0	7

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

• Add World.close() for clean resource cleanup in CLI and short-lived processes #1081 👈 (View in Graphite)
• Fix CLI missing specVersion in "run_cancelled" event payload #1078
• main

This stack of pull requests is managed by Graphite. Learn more about stacking.

[VaguelySerious]

Seems unrelated?

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.033s (-1.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.034s (+1.8%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.039s (-1.5%)	1.005s (~)	0.966s	10	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.045s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.959s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.091s (-73.0% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.919s	10	2.80x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.111s (-4.9%)	1.007s (~)	0.896s	10	3.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.132s (-5.2% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.878s	10	4.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.540s (-19.6% 🟢)	1.692s (-16.6% 🟢)	1.152s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.648s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.223s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.575s	10	1.20x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.664s (+12.6% 🔺)	2.132s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.468s	10	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.098s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.907s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.110s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.896s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.111s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.300s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.708s	10	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.410s (~)	3.014s (~)	0.604s	10	2.19x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.412s (+0.8%)	2.915s (-3.4%)	0.503s	10	2.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.217s (-7.4% 🟢)	2.932s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.716s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.277s (-1.3%)	3.247s (-1.8%)	0.970s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.405s (+6.1% 🔺)	3.501s (+8.5% 🔺)	1.095s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	10.706s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.317s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.718s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.304s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.840s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.182s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.861s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.161s	3	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.257s (~)	13.020s (~)	0.763s	3	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	15.402s (-23.9% 🟢)	16.047s (-23.8% 🟢)	0.646s	2	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Express	20.375s (~)	21.060s (~)	0.686s	2	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.780s (+2.7%)	18.838s (+1.2%)	1.058s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.800s (~)	19.055s (+3.0%)	1.255s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	20.064s (+8.1% 🔺)	20.626s (~)	0.562s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	26.941s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.109s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.220s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.833s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.052s (~)	0.518s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	27.600s (~)	28.054s (~)	0.454s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.453s (~)	31.039s (~)	0.586s	2	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	37.733s (-25.3% 🟢)	38.094s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.361s	2	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	50.387s (~)	51.132s (~)	0.745s	2	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.825s (+1.0%)	44.292s (+2.0%)	1.467s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.098s (-1.3%)	44.546s (-1.0%)	1.448s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.797s (-2.8%)	44.863s (-3.1%)	1.066s	2	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	54.345s (~)	55.097s (~)	0.752s	2	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.993s (+0.6%)	57.105s (~)	0.112s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.431s (~)	58.106s (~)	0.676s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.689s (+0.7%)	58.107s (~)	0.418s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.734s (~)	61.059s (~)	0.325s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	75.423s (-24.7% 🟢)	76.190s (-24.0% 🟢)	0.767s	2	1.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	100.276s (~)	101.245s (~)	0.969s	1	1.85x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	87.887s (~)	88.757s (-0.6%)	0.870s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	89.753s (+2.1%)	91.502s (+3.5%)	1.749s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	90.417s (+0.8%)	91.030s (~)	0.613s	1	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.250s (+1.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.756s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.586s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (-0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.585s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.444s (+1.7%)	2.005s (~)	0.562s	15	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.902s (-12.2% 🟢)	2.079s (-31.0% 🟢)	0.177s	15	1.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.167s (+2.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.839s	10	1.73x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.279s (-0.9%)	3.014s (~)	0.736s	10	1.82x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.579s (+12.7% 🔺)	3.570s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.992s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+7.0% 🔺)	3.347s (-0.5%)	0.749s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.631s (+3.4%)	3.488s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.857s	9	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.464s (-2.3%)	3.007s (~)	0.543s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.491s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.516s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	2.652s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.356s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.671s (+1.6%)	3.007s (~)	0.336s	10	1.08x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.724s (-1.2%)	5.175s (~)	0.451s	6	1.92x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	7.979s (+1.4%)	8.281s (-3.0%)	0.302s	4	3.24x
🐘 Postgres	Express	8.853s (+12.1% 🔺)	9.287s (+12.2% 🔺)	0.434s	4	3.59x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.667s (-15.5% 🟢)	3.547s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.880s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.977s (-3.6%)	3.830s (-10.6% 🟢)	0.853s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.519s (+13.8% 🔺)	4.581s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.062s	7	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.079s (~)	4.725s (~)	0.645s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	7.650s (~)	8.018s (~)	0.368s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.689s (-1.5%)	8.018s (~)	0.329s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.855s (+7.0% 🔺)	8.520s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.665s	4	1.93x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.822s (~)	10.345s (~)	0.523s	3	2.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	46.021s (-7.2% 🟢)	46.145s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.124s	1	11.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	48.474s (-2.5%)	49.124s (-2.0%)	0.650s	1	11.88x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.106s (-1.0%)	3.966s (-13.2% 🟢)	0.860s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.472s (+9.5% 🔺)	4.633s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.161s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.664s (+8.4% 🔺)	4.686s (+2.1%)	1.022s	7	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.235s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.771s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.431s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.575s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.437s (+1.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.569s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.456s (+1.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.549s	15	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+11.9% 🔺)	2.833s (+40.8% 🔺)	0.762s	11	1.68x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.154s (-2.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.854s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.240s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.835s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.596s	11	1.81x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.240s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.955s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.715s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.302s (+3.3%)	3.381s (-1.5%)	1.079s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.357s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.357s (+2.7%)	1.001s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.485s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.523s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.680s (+3.0%)	3.009s (~)	0.328s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.736s (+0.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.272s	10	1.10x
💻 Local	Express	2.889s (+4.3%)	3.111s (+3.4%)	0.222s	10	1.16x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.718s (~)	5.177s (~)	0.459s	6	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.126s (+14.9% 🔺)	10.704s (+15.3% 🔺)	0.578s	3	4.07x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.630s (-5.6% 🟢)	12.040s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.410s	3	4.68x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.448s (-2.7%)	3.535s (~)	1.087s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.518s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.535s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.017s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.582s (+2.6%)	3.484s (+4.4%)	0.902s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.087s (+1.4%)	4.724s (+3.1%)	0.637s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.335s (~)	9.021s (~)	0.686s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	9.016s (+16.1% 🔺)	0.676s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Express	8.732s (+3.7%)	9.022s (~)	0.290s	4	2.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.795s (~)	10.348s (~)	0.553s	3	2.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	49.258s (+5.0% 🔺)	50.118s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.860s	1	12.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	51.907s (-1.3%)	52.125s (-1.9%)	0.218s	1	12.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.748s (-2.4%)	3.545s (-1.9%)	0.796s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.069s (-19.1% 🟢)	3.891s (-23.3% 🟢)	0.822s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.959s (+21.6% 🔺)	4.889s (+20.2% 🔺)	0.930s	7	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+0.6%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-8.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.861s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+3.6%)	1.001s (~)	0.012s (+13.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.871s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (-1.5%)	1.002s (~)	0.011s (-7.3% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.186s (+9.6% 🔺)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (+7.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.831s	10	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-0.6%)	0.967s (+0.6%)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.527s	10	3.30x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.357s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.730s (-37.8% 🟢)	0.001s (~)	2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)	0.657s	10	9.30x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.359s (-1.4%)	2.684s (+1.3%)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	3.016s (~)	0.657s	10	16.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.908s (-16.3% 🟢)	2.642s (-2.9%)	0.342s (+86.5% 🔺)	3.591s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.683s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.065s (+2.9%)	2.548s (-3.1%)	0.231s (+1.6%)	3.251s (-5.8% 🟢)	1.187s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.361s (+16.7% 🔺)	2.623s (+2.0%)	0.321s (+48.2% 🔺)	3.715s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.354s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10/12
▲ Vercel	Express	5/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	💻 Local	9/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	7/12
Nitro	💻 Local	8/12

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Added a close() method to the World interface and implemented it across world implementations to ensure clean process exits without relying on process.exit().

What changed?

• Added an optional close() method to the World interface for releasing resources
• Implemented close() in world-local to close the undici HTTP agent
• Implemented close() in world-postgres to stop PgBoss and close the postgres connection pool
• Enhanced the CLI's BaseCommand to call World.close() after commands complete
• Refactored the HTTP agent in world-local from a module-level singleton to an instance-scoped resource
• Added an E2E test for the CLI cancel command to verify the clean exit path

How to test?

1. Run CLI commands and verify they exit cleanly without hanging
2. Test the new E2E test for the cancel command
3. Verify that long-running processes using the workflow library can exit cleanly after calling World.close()

Why make this change?

Previously, processes using the workflow library could hang after completing their work because resources like HTTP agents, database connections, and queue listeners remained active. This change ensures that all resources are properly released when a process is done with the workflow world, allowing for clean exits without having to force termination with process.exit().

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: e058570

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-nest	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	534	0	38	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2496	46	275	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

• webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

• addTenWorkflow
• addTenWorkflow
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow
• promiseRaceWorkflow
• promiseAnyWorkflow
• hookWorkflow
• webhookWorkflow
• sleepingWorkflow
• parallelSleepWorkflow
• nullByteWorkflow
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
• fetchWorkflow
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	48	0	4
✅ example	48	0	4
✅ express	48	0	4
✅ fastify	48	0	4
✅ hono	48	0	4
✅ nextjs-turbopack	51	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack	51	0	1
✅ nitro	48	0	4
✅ nuxt	48	0	4
✅ sveltekit	48	0	4
✅ vite	48	0	4

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	0	7

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

• Add World.close() for clean resource cleanup in CLI and short-lived processes #1081 👈 (View in Graphite)
• Fix CLI missing specVersion in "run_cancelled" event payload #1078
• main

This stack of pull requests is managed by Graphite. Learn more about stacking.

[VaguelySerious]

Seems unrelated?

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.033s (-1.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.034s (+1.8%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.039s (-1.5%)	1.005s (~)	0.966s	10	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.045s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.959s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.091s (-73.0% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.919s	10	2.80x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.111s (-4.9%)	1.007s (~)	0.896s	10	3.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.132s (-5.2% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.878s	10	4.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.540s (-19.6% 🟢)	1.692s (-16.6% 🟢)	1.152s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.648s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.223s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.575s	10	1.20x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.664s (+12.6% 🔺)	2.132s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.468s	10	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.098s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.907s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.110s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.896s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.111s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.300s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.708s	10	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.410s (~)	3.014s (~)	0.604s	10	2.19x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.412s (+0.8%)	2.915s (-3.4%)	0.503s	10	2.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.217s (-7.4% 🟢)	2.932s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.716s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.277s (-1.3%)	3.247s (-1.8%)	0.970s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.405s (+6.1% 🔺)	3.501s (+8.5% 🔺)	1.095s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	10.706s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.317s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.718s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.304s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.840s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.182s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.861s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.161s	3	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.257s (~)	13.020s (~)	0.763s	3	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	15.402s (-23.9% 🟢)	16.047s (-23.8% 🟢)	0.646s	2	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Express	20.375s (~)	21.060s (~)	0.686s	2	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.780s (+2.7%)	18.838s (+1.2%)	1.058s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.800s (~)	19.055s (+3.0%)	1.255s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	20.064s (+8.1% 🔺)	20.626s (~)	0.562s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	26.941s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.109s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.220s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.833s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.052s (~)	0.518s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	27.600s (~)	28.054s (~)	0.454s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.453s (~)	31.039s (~)	0.586s	2	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	37.733s (-25.3% 🟢)	38.094s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.361s	2	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	50.387s (~)	51.132s (~)	0.745s	2	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.825s (+1.0%)	44.292s (+2.0%)	1.467s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.098s (-1.3%)	44.546s (-1.0%)	1.448s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.797s (-2.8%)	44.863s (-3.1%)	1.066s	2	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	54.345s (~)	55.097s (~)	0.752s	2	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.993s (+0.6%)	57.105s (~)	0.112s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.431s (~)	58.106s (~)	0.676s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.689s (+0.7%)	58.107s (~)	0.418s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.734s (~)	61.059s (~)	0.325s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	75.423s (-24.7% 🟢)	76.190s (-24.0% 🟢)	0.767s	2	1.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	100.276s (~)	101.245s (~)	0.969s	1	1.85x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	87.887s (~)	88.757s (-0.6%)	0.870s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	89.753s (+2.1%)	91.502s (+3.5%)	1.749s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	90.417s (+0.8%)	91.030s (~)	0.613s	1	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.250s (+1.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.756s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.586s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (-0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.585s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.444s (+1.7%)	2.005s (~)	0.562s	15	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.902s (-12.2% 🟢)	2.079s (-31.0% 🟢)	0.177s	15	1.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.167s (+2.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.839s	10	1.73x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.279s (-0.9%)	3.014s (~)	0.736s	10	1.82x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.579s (+12.7% 🔺)	3.570s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.992s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+7.0% 🔺)	3.347s (-0.5%)	0.749s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.631s (+3.4%)	3.488s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.857s	9	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.464s (-2.3%)	3.007s (~)	0.543s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.491s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.516s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	2.652s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.356s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.671s (+1.6%)	3.007s (~)	0.336s	10	1.08x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.724s (-1.2%)	5.175s (~)	0.451s	6	1.92x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	7.979s (+1.4%)	8.281s (-3.0%)	0.302s	4	3.24x
🐘 Postgres	Express	8.853s (+12.1% 🔺)	9.287s (+12.2% 🔺)	0.434s	4	3.59x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.667s (-15.5% 🟢)	3.547s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.880s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.977s (-3.6%)	3.830s (-10.6% 🟢)	0.853s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.519s (+13.8% 🔺)	4.581s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.062s	7	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.079s (~)	4.725s (~)	0.645s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	7.650s (~)	8.018s (~)	0.368s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.689s (-1.5%)	8.018s (~)	0.329s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.855s (+7.0% 🔺)	8.520s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.665s	4	1.93x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.822s (~)	10.345s (~)	0.523s	3	2.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	46.021s (-7.2% 🟢)	46.145s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.124s	1	11.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	48.474s (-2.5%)	49.124s (-2.0%)	0.650s	1	11.88x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.106s (-1.0%)	3.966s (-13.2% 🟢)	0.860s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.472s (+9.5% 🔺)	4.633s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.161s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.664s (+8.4% 🔺)	4.686s (+2.1%)	1.022s	7	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.235s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.771s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.431s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.575s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.437s (+1.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.569s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.456s (+1.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.549s	15	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+11.9% 🔺)	2.833s (+40.8% 🔺)	0.762s	11	1.68x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.154s (-2.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.854s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.240s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.835s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.596s	11	1.81x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.240s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.955s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.715s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.302s (+3.3%)	3.381s (-1.5%)	1.079s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.357s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.357s (+2.7%)	1.001s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.485s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.523s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.680s (+3.0%)	3.009s (~)	0.328s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.736s (+0.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.272s	10	1.10x
💻 Local	Express	2.889s (+4.3%)	3.111s (+3.4%)	0.222s	10	1.16x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.718s (~)	5.177s (~)	0.459s	6	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.126s (+14.9% 🔺)	10.704s (+15.3% 🔺)	0.578s	3	4.07x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.630s (-5.6% 🟢)	12.040s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.410s	3	4.68x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.448s (-2.7%)	3.535s (~)	1.087s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.518s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.535s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.017s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.582s (+2.6%)	3.484s (+4.4%)	0.902s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.087s (+1.4%)	4.724s (+3.1%)	0.637s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.335s (~)	9.021s (~)	0.686s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	9.016s (+16.1% 🔺)	0.676s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Express	8.732s (+3.7%)	9.022s (~)	0.290s	4	2.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.795s (~)	10.348s (~)	0.553s	3	2.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	49.258s (+5.0% 🔺)	50.118s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.860s	1	12.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	51.907s (-1.3%)	52.125s (-1.9%)	0.218s	1	12.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.748s (-2.4%)	3.545s (-1.9%)	0.796s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.069s (-19.1% 🟢)	3.891s (-23.3% 🟢)	0.822s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.959s (+21.6% 🔺)	4.889s (+20.2% 🔺)	0.930s	7	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+0.6%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-8.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.861s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+3.6%)	1.001s (~)	0.012s (+13.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.871s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (-1.5%)	1.002s (~)	0.011s (-7.3% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.186s (+9.6% 🔺)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (+7.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.831s	10	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-0.6%)	0.967s (+0.6%)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.527s	10	3.30x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.357s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.730s (-37.8% 🟢)	0.001s (~)	2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)	0.657s	10	9.30x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.359s (-1.4%)	2.684s (+1.3%)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	3.016s (~)	0.657s	10	16.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.908s (-16.3% 🟢)	2.642s (-2.9%)	0.342s (+86.5% 🔺)	3.591s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.683s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.065s (+2.9%)	2.548s (-3.1%)	0.231s (+1.6%)	3.251s (-5.8% 🟢)	1.187s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.361s (+16.7% 🔺)	2.623s (+2.0%)	0.321s (+48.2% 🔺)	3.715s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.354s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10/12
▲ Vercel	Express	5/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	💻 Local	9/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	7/12
Nitro	💻 Local	8/12

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Added a close() method to the World interface and implemented it across world implementations to ensure clean process exits without relying on process.exit().

What changed?

• Added an optional close() method to the World interface for releasing resources
• Implemented close() in world-local to close the undici HTTP agent
• Implemented close() in world-postgres to stop PgBoss and close the postgres connection pool
• Enhanced the CLI's BaseCommand to call World.close() after commands complete
• Refactored the HTTP agent in world-local from a module-level singleton to an instance-scoped resource
• Added an E2E test for the CLI cancel command to verify the clean exit path

How to test?

1. Run CLI commands and verify they exit cleanly without hanging
2. Test the new E2E test for the cancel command
3. Verify that long-running processes using the workflow library can exit cleanly after calling World.close()

Why make this change?

Previously, processes using the workflow library could hang after completing their work because resources like HTTP agents, database connections, and queue listeners remained active. This change ensures that all resources are properly released when a process is done with the workflow world, allowing for clean exits without having to force termination with process.exit().

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: e058570

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-nest	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Feb 17, 2026 9:27am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	534	0	38	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2496	46	275	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

• webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

• addTenWorkflow
• addTenWorkflow
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow
• promiseRaceWorkflow
• promiseAnyWorkflow
• hookWorkflow
• webhookWorkflow
• sleepingWorkflow
• parallelSleepWorkflow
• nullByteWorkflow
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
• fetchWorkflow
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	48	0	4
✅ example	48	0	4
✅ express	48	0	4
✅ fastify	48	0	4
✅ hono	48	0	4
✅ nextjs-turbopack	51	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack	51	0	1
✅ nitro	48	0	4
✅ nuxt	48	0	4
✅ sveltekit	48	0	4
✅ vite	48	0	4

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	0	7
✅ express-stable	45	0	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	0	7
✅ hono-stable	45	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	0	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	0	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	0	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	0	7
✅ vite-stable	45	0	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	0	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	0	7

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

• Add World.close() for clean resource cleanup in CLI and short-lived processes #1081 👈 (View in Graphite)
• Fix CLI missing specVersion in "run_cancelled" event payload #1078
• main

This stack of pull requests is managed by Graphite. Learn more about stacking.

[VaguelySerious]

Seems unrelated?

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.033s (-1.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.034s (+1.8%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.039s (-1.5%)	1.005s (~)	0.966s	10	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.045s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.959s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.091s (-73.0% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.919s	10	2.80x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.111s (-4.9%)	1.007s (~)	0.896s	10	3.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.132s (-5.2% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.878s	10	4.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.540s (-19.6% 🟢)	1.692s (-16.6% 🟢)	1.152s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.648s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.223s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.575s	10	1.20x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.664s (+12.6% 🔺)	2.132s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.468s	10	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.098s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.907s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.110s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.896s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.111s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.300s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.708s	10	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.410s (~)	3.014s (~)	0.604s	10	2.19x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.412s (+0.8%)	2.915s (-3.4%)	0.503s	10	2.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.217s (-7.4% 🟢)	2.932s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.716s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.277s (-1.3%)	3.247s (-1.8%)	0.970s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.405s (+6.1% 🔺)	3.501s (+8.5% 🔺)	1.095s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	10.706s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.317s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.718s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.304s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.840s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.182s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.861s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.161s	3	1.01x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.257s (~)	13.020s (~)	0.763s	3	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	15.402s (-23.9% 🟢)	16.047s (-23.8% 🟢)	0.646s	2	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Express	20.375s (~)	21.060s (~)	0.686s	2	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.780s (+2.7%)	18.838s (+1.2%)	1.058s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.800s (~)	19.055s (+3.0%)	1.255s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	20.064s (+8.1% 🔺)	20.626s (~)	0.562s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	26.941s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.109s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.220s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.833s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.052s (~)	0.518s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	27.600s (~)	28.054s (~)	0.454s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.453s (~)	31.039s (~)	0.586s	2	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	37.733s (-25.3% 🟢)	38.094s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.361s	2	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	50.387s (~)	51.132s (~)	0.745s	2	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.825s (+1.0%)	44.292s (+2.0%)	1.467s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.098s (-1.3%)	44.546s (-1.0%)	1.448s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.797s (-2.8%)	44.863s (-3.1%)	1.066s	2	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	54.345s (~)	55.097s (~)	0.752s	2	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.993s (+0.6%)	57.105s (~)	0.112s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.431s (~)	58.106s (~)	0.676s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.689s (+0.7%)	58.107s (~)	0.418s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.734s (~)	61.059s (~)	0.325s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	75.423s (-24.7% 🟢)	76.190s (-24.0% 🟢)	0.767s	2	1.39x
🐘 Postgres	Express	100.276s (~)	101.245s (~)	0.969s	1	1.85x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	87.887s (~)	88.757s (-0.6%)	0.870s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	89.753s (+2.1%)	91.502s (+3.5%)	1.749s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	90.417s (+0.8%)	91.030s (~)	0.613s	1	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.250s (+1.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.756s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.586s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (-0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.585s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.444s (+1.7%)	2.005s (~)	0.562s	15	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.902s (-12.2% 🟢)	2.079s (-31.0% 🟢)	0.177s	15	1.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.167s (+2.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.839s	10	1.73x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.279s (-0.9%)	3.014s (~)	0.736s	10	1.82x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.579s (+12.7% 🔺)	3.570s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.992s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+7.0% 🔺)	3.347s (-0.5%)	0.749s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.631s (+3.4%)	3.488s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.857s	9	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.464s (-2.3%)	3.007s (~)	0.543s	10	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.491s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.516s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	2.652s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.356s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.671s (+1.6%)	3.007s (~)	0.336s	10	1.08x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.724s (-1.2%)	5.175s (~)	0.451s	6	1.92x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	7.979s (+1.4%)	8.281s (-3.0%)	0.302s	4	3.24x
🐘 Postgres	Express	8.853s (+12.1% 🔺)	9.287s (+12.2% 🔺)	0.434s	4	3.59x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.667s (-15.5% 🟢)	3.547s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.880s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.977s (-3.6%)	3.830s (-10.6% 🟢)	0.853s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.519s (+13.8% 🔺)	4.581s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.062s	7	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.079s (~)	4.725s (~)	0.645s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	7.650s (~)	8.018s (~)	0.368s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.689s (-1.5%)	8.018s (~)	0.329s	4	1.88x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.855s (+7.0% 🔺)	8.520s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.665s	4	1.93x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.822s (~)	10.345s (~)	0.523s	3	2.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	46.021s (-7.2% 🟢)	46.145s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.124s	1	11.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	48.474s (-2.5%)	49.124s (-2.0%)	0.650s	1	11.88x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.106s (-1.0%)	3.966s (-13.2% 🟢)	0.860s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.472s (+9.5% 🔺)	4.633s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.161s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.664s (+8.4% 🔺)	4.686s (+2.1%)	1.022s	7	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.235s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.771s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.431s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.575s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.437s (+1.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.569s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.456s (+1.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.549s	15	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+11.9% 🔺)	2.833s (+40.8% 🔺)	0.762s	11	1.68x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.154s (-2.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.854s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.240s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.835s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.596s	11	1.81x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.240s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.955s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.715s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.302s (+3.3%)	3.381s (-1.5%)	1.079s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.357s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.357s (+2.7%)	1.001s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.485s (~)	3.008s (~)	0.523s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.680s (+3.0%)	3.009s (~)	0.328s	10	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.736s (+0.6%)	3.008s (~)	0.272s	10	1.10x
💻 Local	Express	2.889s (+4.3%)	3.111s (+3.4%)	0.222s	10	1.16x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.718s (~)	5.177s (~)	0.459s	6	1.90x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.126s (+14.9% 🔺)	10.704s (+15.3% 🔺)	0.578s	3	4.07x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.630s (-5.6% 🟢)	12.040s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.410s	3	4.68x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.448s (-2.7%)	3.535s (~)	1.087s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.518s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.535s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.017s	9	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.582s (+2.6%)	3.484s (+4.4%)	0.902s	9	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.087s (+1.4%)	4.724s (+3.1%)	0.637s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.335s (~)	9.021s (~)	0.686s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	9.016s (+16.1% 🔺)	0.676s	4	2.04x
💻 Local	Express	8.732s (+3.7%)	9.022s (~)	0.290s	4	2.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.795s (~)	10.348s (~)	0.553s	3	2.40x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	49.258s (+5.0% 🔺)	50.118s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.860s	1	12.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	51.907s (-1.3%)	52.125s (-1.9%)	0.218s	1	12.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.748s (-2.4%)	3.545s (-1.9%)	0.796s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.069s (-19.1% 🟢)	3.891s (-23.3% 🟢)	0.822s	8	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.959s (+21.6% 🔺)	4.889s (+20.2% 🔺)	0.930s	7	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+0.6%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-8.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.861s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.146s (+3.6%)	1.001s (~)	0.012s (+13.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.871s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (-1.5%)	1.002s (~)	0.011s (-7.3% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.186s (+9.6% 🔺)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (+7.3% 🔺)	1.017s (~)	0.831s	10	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-0.6%)	0.967s (+0.6%)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.527s	10	3.30x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.357s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.730s (-37.8% 🟢)	0.001s (~)	2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)	0.657s	10	9.30x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.359s (-1.4%)	2.684s (+1.3%)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	3.016s (~)	0.657s	10	16.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.908s (-16.3% 🟢)	2.642s (-2.9%)	0.342s (+86.5% 🔺)	3.591s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.683s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.065s (+2.9%)	2.548s (-3.1%)	0.231s (+1.6%)	3.251s (-5.8% 🟢)	1.187s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.361s (+16.7% 🔺)	2.623s (+2.0%)	0.321s (+48.2% 🔺)	3.715s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.354s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10/12
▲ Vercel	Express	5/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	💻 Local	9/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	7/12
Nitro	💻 Local	8/12

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

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