Update to latest queue client version by ctgowrie · Pull Request #1218 · vercel/workflow

ctgowrie · 2026-02-27T14:30:30Z

Updates to latest queue client version

vercel · 2026-02-27T14:30:36Z

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-express-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-nest	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-swc-playground	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm

changeset-bot · 2026-02-27T14:30:39Z

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: fccf44b

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:40Z

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	523	0	49	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2485	46	286	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

addTenWorkflow
addTenWorkflow
should work with react rendering in step
promiseAllWorkflow
promiseRaceWorkflow
promiseAnyWorkflow
hookWorkflow
webhookWorkflow
sleepingWorkflow
parallelSleepWorkflow
nullByteWorkflow
workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
fetchWorkflow
promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro	47	5
✅ example	47	5
✅ express	47	5
✅ fastify	47	5
✅ hono	47	5
✅ nextjs-turbopack	50	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	50	2
✅ nitro	47	5
✅ nuxt	47	5
✅ sveltekit	47	5
✅ vite	47	5

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	7

📋 View full workflow run

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:43Z

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.032s (-0.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.033s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.041s (+2.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.042s (-1.6%)	1.012s (~)	0.970s	10	1.31x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.047s (-1.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.957s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.056s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.011s (-0.6%)	0.955s	10	1.74x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.094s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.913s	10	2.94x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.460s (-3.5%)	1.824s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.364s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.041s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.533s	10	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.521s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.045s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.524s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-0.7%)	2.012s (~)	0.917s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.906s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.899s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.111s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.124s (+2.4%)	2.011s (~)	0.887s	10	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.299s (-0.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.708s	10	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.998s (-4.7%)	3.225s (-3.0%)	1.227s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.058s (+4.9%)	3.331s (+4.3%)	1.272s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.078s (+7.5% 🔺)	3.385s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.307s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.681s (~)	11.041s (~)	0.360s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.722s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.300s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.735s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.288s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.834s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.189s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.839s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.184s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.865s (+2.0%)	11.044s (~)	0.179s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.269s (-0.7%)	13.024s (~)	0.755s	3	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	16.980s (+5.2% 🔺)	18.445s (+10.0% 🔺)	1.464s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	17.012s (+4.0%)	17.978s (+4.8%)	0.966s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	20.581s (+27.7% 🔺)	21.916s (+22.3% 🔺)	1.335s	2	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	26.748s (~)	27.062s (~)	0.313s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	26.905s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.145s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.245s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.808s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	27.267s (+1.8%)	28.064s (+3.7%)	0.797s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.519s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	27.574s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.479s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.497s (~)	31.040s (~)	0.543s	2	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.842s (~)	43.931s (-2.2%)	1.089s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.576s (+3.5%)	44.551s (+2.0%)	0.975s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.980s (+2.9%)	45.058s (+4.2%)	1.078s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	54.197s (~)	55.102s (+0.9%)	0.904s	2	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	54.364s (~)	55.096s (~)	0.732s	2	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	55.011s (+1.8%)	55.102s (+1.9%)	0.091s	2	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.739s (~)	57.104s (~)	0.364s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.458s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.645s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.618s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.485s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.756s (-0.8%)	61.065s (-1.7%)	0.309s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	94.955s (+3.0%)	95.499s (+1.9%)	0.544s	1	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	96.451s (+2.0%)	97.804s (+1.7%)	1.353s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	97.283s (-3.1%)	98.304s (-3.4%)	1.021s	1	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s (-2.4%)	2.006s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.300s (-1.3%)	2.010s (~)	0.710s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.365s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.645s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.417s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.417s (-2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.438s (+1.5%)	2.005s (~)	0.567s	15	1.15x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.130s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.877s	10	1.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.135s (-9.4% 🟢)	3.277s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.142s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.419s (+3.0%)	3.519s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.100s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (+10.6% 🔺)	3.870s (+12.7% 🔺)	1.224s	8	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.724s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.226s (~)	0.502s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.020s (+19.0% 🔺)	2.679s (+24.3% 🔺)	0.658s	12	1.17x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.488s (-0.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.519s	10	1.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.506s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.502s	10	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.635s (-1.8%)	3.008s (~)	0.373s	10	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.704s (+2.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.303s	10	1.57x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.694s (-0.9%)	5.176s (~)	0.482s	6	2.72x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.708s (+9.2% 🔺)	3.750s (+13.5% 🔺)	1.042s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.728s (+1.8%)	3.805s (+1.2%)	1.077s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.914s (+2.3%)	3.858s (-11.4% 🟢)	0.943s	8	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.880s (-0.7%)	3.764s (+5.4% 🔺)	0.884s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	3.898s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.557s	8	1.16x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (-0.7%)	4.581s (-3.0%)	0.573s	7	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.146s (+0.6%)	7.765s (~)	0.619s	4	2.48x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.851s (+1.6%)	8.269s (+3.1%)	0.419s	4	2.73x
💻 Local	Express	8.137s (+7.3% 🔺)	8.772s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.636s	4	2.83x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.705s (-2.6%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.643s	3	3.37x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.640s (+11.1% 🔺)	4.931s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.290s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.799s (+14.3% 🔺)	5.079s (+19.6% 🔺)	1.280s	6	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.069s (+17.5% 🔺)	5.107s (+12.1% 🔺)	1.038s	6	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.284s (-2.9%)	2.011s (~)	0.727s	15	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s (+3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.716s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.383s (+6.7% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.627s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.432s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.573s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.433s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.572s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.468s (+0.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.538s	15	1.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.169s (+1.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.838s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-3.5%)	3.317s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.229s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.109s (+3.6%)	3.184s (-5.6% 🟢)	1.074s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.206s (+3.2%)	3.373s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.167s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.783s (+6.4% 🔺)	2.156s (+3.7%)	0.373s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.033s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.513s (+24.9% 🔺)	0.480s	12	1.14x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.489s (-0.7%)	3.008s (~)	0.519s	10	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.636s (-2.5%)	3.008s (~)	0.372s	10	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.817s (+3.3%)	3.109s (+3.4%)	0.292s	10	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.834s (+2.4%)	3.008s (~)	0.174s	10	1.59x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.690s (-2.0%)	5.177s (~)	0.487s	6	2.63x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.323s (-13.0% 🟢)	3.418s (-9.6% 🟢)	1.095s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.419s (-19.2% 🟢)	3.429s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.010s	9	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.841s (+64.5% 🔺)	5.129s (+61.6% 🔺)	1.289s	6	1.65x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.982s (-2.5%)	3.682s (-5.4% 🟢)	0.700s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.523s (+24.3% 🔺)	4.151s (+10.3% 🔺)	0.628s	8	1.18x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.031s (~)	4.867s (+3.0%)	0.836s	7	1.35x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.341s (+1.6%)	8.019s (~)	0.677s	4	2.46x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.212s (-5.4% 🟢)	9.025s (~)	0.813s	4	2.75x
💻 Local	Express	8.607s (+6.7% 🔺)	9.022s (+2.8%)	0.415s	4	2.89x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.998s (-2.3%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.350s	3	3.35x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.041s (+8.0% 🔺)	3.945s (+2.3%)	0.903s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.096s (-1.1%)	4.066s (-4.3%)	0.970s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.195s (-1.0%)	4.040s (-4.6%)	0.844s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.149s (+2.1%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-13.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.858s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.149s (+6.8% 🔺)	0.997s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.862s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.151s (+6.5% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.011s (+1.8%)	1.017s (~)	0.865s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (+0.9%)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (-2.5%)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	0.182s (+0.9%)	1.003s (~)	0.012s (+14.8% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.836s	10	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.194s (+37.9% 🔺)	0.996s (~)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.818s	10	1.31x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (~)	0.940s (~)	0.001s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.008s (~)	0.499s	10	3.43x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.502s (-2.4%)	1.670s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.145s (+24.0% 🔺)	2.288s (-93.0% 🟢)	0.787s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.693s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.318s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.152s (+9.6% 🔺)	33.021s (+1164.4% 🔺)	31.328s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.713s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.219s (+7.0% 🔺)	0.732s (-9.1% 🟢)	3.490s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.777s	10	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/12
▲ Vercel	Express	7/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	7/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	8/12
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	11/12

Column Definitions

Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

socket-security · 2026-02-27T14:31:24Z

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/@vercel/queue@0.0.2 ⏵ 0.1.1			⁺¹	⁺¹

View full report

ctgowrie · 2026-02-27T14:30:30Z

Updates to latest queue client version

vercel · 2026-02-27T14:30:36Z

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-express-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-nest	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-swc-playground	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm

changeset-bot · 2026-02-27T14:30:39Z

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: fccf44b

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:40Z

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	523	0	49	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2485	46	286	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

addTenWorkflow
addTenWorkflow
should work with react rendering in step
promiseAllWorkflow
promiseRaceWorkflow
promiseAnyWorkflow
hookWorkflow
webhookWorkflow
sleepingWorkflow
parallelSleepWorkflow
nullByteWorkflow
workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
fetchWorkflow
promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro	47	5
✅ example	47	5
✅ express	47	5
✅ fastify	47	5
✅ hono	47	5
✅ nextjs-turbopack	50	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	50	2
✅ nitro	47	5
✅ nuxt	47	5
✅ sveltekit	47	5
✅ vite	47	5

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	7

📋 View full workflow run

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:43Z

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.032s (-0.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.033s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.041s (+2.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.042s (-1.6%)	1.012s (~)	0.970s	10	1.31x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.047s (-1.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.957s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.056s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.011s (-0.6%)	0.955s	10	1.74x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.094s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.913s	10	2.94x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.460s (-3.5%)	1.824s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.364s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.041s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.533s	10	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.521s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.045s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.524s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-0.7%)	2.012s (~)	0.917s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.906s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.899s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.111s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.124s (+2.4%)	2.011s (~)	0.887s	10	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.299s (-0.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.708s	10	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.998s (-4.7%)	3.225s (-3.0%)	1.227s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.058s (+4.9%)	3.331s (+4.3%)	1.272s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.078s (+7.5% 🔺)	3.385s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.307s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.681s (~)	11.041s (~)	0.360s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.722s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.300s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.735s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.288s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.834s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.189s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.839s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.184s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.865s (+2.0%)	11.044s (~)	0.179s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.269s (-0.7%)	13.024s (~)	0.755s	3	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	16.980s (+5.2% 🔺)	18.445s (+10.0% 🔺)	1.464s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	17.012s (+4.0%)	17.978s (+4.8%)	0.966s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	20.581s (+27.7% 🔺)	21.916s (+22.3% 🔺)	1.335s	2	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	26.748s (~)	27.062s (~)	0.313s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	26.905s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.145s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.245s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.808s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	27.267s (+1.8%)	28.064s (+3.7%)	0.797s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.519s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	27.574s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.479s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.497s (~)	31.040s (~)	0.543s	2	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.842s (~)	43.931s (-2.2%)	1.089s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.576s (+3.5%)	44.551s (+2.0%)	0.975s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.980s (+2.9%)	45.058s (+4.2%)	1.078s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	54.197s (~)	55.102s (+0.9%)	0.904s	2	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	54.364s (~)	55.096s (~)	0.732s	2	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	55.011s (+1.8%)	55.102s (+1.9%)	0.091s	2	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.739s (~)	57.104s (~)	0.364s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.458s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.645s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.618s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.485s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.756s (-0.8%)	61.065s (-1.7%)	0.309s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	94.955s (+3.0%)	95.499s (+1.9%)	0.544s	1	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	96.451s (+2.0%)	97.804s (+1.7%)	1.353s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	97.283s (-3.1%)	98.304s (-3.4%)	1.021s	1	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s (-2.4%)	2.006s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.300s (-1.3%)	2.010s (~)	0.710s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.365s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.645s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.417s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.417s (-2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.438s (+1.5%)	2.005s (~)	0.567s	15	1.15x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.130s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.877s	10	1.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.135s (-9.4% 🟢)	3.277s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.142s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.419s (+3.0%)	3.519s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.100s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (+10.6% 🔺)	3.870s (+12.7% 🔺)	1.224s	8	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.724s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.226s (~)	0.502s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.020s (+19.0% 🔺)	2.679s (+24.3% 🔺)	0.658s	12	1.17x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.488s (-0.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.519s	10	1.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.506s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.502s	10	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.635s (-1.8%)	3.008s (~)	0.373s	10	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.704s (+2.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.303s	10	1.57x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.694s (-0.9%)	5.176s (~)	0.482s	6	2.72x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.708s (+9.2% 🔺)	3.750s (+13.5% 🔺)	1.042s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.728s (+1.8%)	3.805s (+1.2%)	1.077s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.914s (+2.3%)	3.858s (-11.4% 🟢)	0.943s	8	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.880s (-0.7%)	3.764s (+5.4% 🔺)	0.884s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	3.898s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.557s	8	1.16x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (-0.7%)	4.581s (-3.0%)	0.573s	7	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.146s (+0.6%)	7.765s (~)	0.619s	4	2.48x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.851s (+1.6%)	8.269s (+3.1%)	0.419s	4	2.73x
💻 Local	Express	8.137s (+7.3% 🔺)	8.772s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.636s	4	2.83x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.705s (-2.6%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.643s	3	3.37x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.640s (+11.1% 🔺)	4.931s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.290s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.799s (+14.3% 🔺)	5.079s (+19.6% 🔺)	1.280s	6	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.069s (+17.5% 🔺)	5.107s (+12.1% 🔺)	1.038s	6	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.284s (-2.9%)	2.011s (~)	0.727s	15	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s (+3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.716s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.383s (+6.7% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.627s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.432s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.573s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.433s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.572s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.468s (+0.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.538s	15	1.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.169s (+1.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.838s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-3.5%)	3.317s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.229s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.109s (+3.6%)	3.184s (-5.6% 🟢)	1.074s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.206s (+3.2%)	3.373s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.167s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.783s (+6.4% 🔺)	2.156s (+3.7%)	0.373s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.033s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.513s (+24.9% 🔺)	0.480s	12	1.14x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.489s (-0.7%)	3.008s (~)	0.519s	10	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.636s (-2.5%)	3.008s (~)	0.372s	10	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.817s (+3.3%)	3.109s (+3.4%)	0.292s	10	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.834s (+2.4%)	3.008s (~)	0.174s	10	1.59x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.690s (-2.0%)	5.177s (~)	0.487s	6	2.63x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.323s (-13.0% 🟢)	3.418s (-9.6% 🟢)	1.095s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.419s (-19.2% 🟢)	3.429s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.010s	9	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.841s (+64.5% 🔺)	5.129s (+61.6% 🔺)	1.289s	6	1.65x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.982s (-2.5%)	3.682s (-5.4% 🟢)	0.700s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.523s (+24.3% 🔺)	4.151s (+10.3% 🔺)	0.628s	8	1.18x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.031s (~)	4.867s (+3.0%)	0.836s	7	1.35x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.341s (+1.6%)	8.019s (~)	0.677s	4	2.46x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.212s (-5.4% 🟢)	9.025s (~)	0.813s	4	2.75x
💻 Local	Express	8.607s (+6.7% 🔺)	9.022s (+2.8%)	0.415s	4	2.89x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.998s (-2.3%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.350s	3	3.35x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.041s (+8.0% 🔺)	3.945s (+2.3%)	0.903s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.096s (-1.1%)	4.066s (-4.3%)	0.970s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.195s (-1.0%)	4.040s (-4.6%)	0.844s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.149s (+2.1%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-13.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.858s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.149s (+6.8% 🔺)	0.997s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.862s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.151s (+6.5% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.011s (+1.8%)	1.017s (~)	0.865s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (+0.9%)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (-2.5%)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	0.182s (+0.9%)	1.003s (~)	0.012s (+14.8% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.836s	10	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.194s (+37.9% 🔺)	0.996s (~)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.818s	10	1.31x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (~)	0.940s (~)	0.001s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.008s (~)	0.499s	10	3.43x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.502s (-2.4%)	1.670s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.145s (+24.0% 🔺)	2.288s (-93.0% 🟢)	0.787s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.693s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.318s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.152s (+9.6% 🔺)	33.021s (+1164.4% 🔺)	31.328s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.713s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.219s (+7.0% 🔺)	0.732s (-9.1% 🟢)	3.490s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.777s	10	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/12
▲ Vercel	Express	7/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	7/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	8/12
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	11/12

Column Definitions

Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

socket-security · 2026-02-27T14:31:24Z

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/@vercel/queue@0.0.2 ⏵ 0.1.1			⁺¹	⁺¹

View full report

ctgowrie · 2026-02-27T14:30:30Z

Updates to latest queue client version

vercel · 2026-02-27T14:30:36Z

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-express-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-nest	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-swc-playground	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm

changeset-bot · 2026-02-27T14:30:39Z

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: fccf44b

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:40Z

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	523	0	49	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2485	46	286	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

addTenWorkflow
addTenWorkflow
should work with react rendering in step
promiseAllWorkflow
promiseRaceWorkflow
promiseAnyWorkflow
hookWorkflow
webhookWorkflow
sleepingWorkflow
parallelSleepWorkflow
nullByteWorkflow
workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
fetchWorkflow
promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro	47	5
✅ example	47	5
✅ express	47	5
✅ fastify	47	5
✅ hono	47	5
✅ nextjs-turbopack	50	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	50	2
✅ nitro	47	5
✅ nuxt	47	5
✅ sveltekit	47	5
✅ vite	47	5

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	7

📋 View full workflow run

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:43Z

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.032s (-0.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.033s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.041s (+2.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.042s (-1.6%)	1.012s (~)	0.970s	10	1.31x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.047s (-1.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.957s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.056s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.011s (-0.6%)	0.955s	10	1.74x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.094s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.913s	10	2.94x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.460s (-3.5%)	1.824s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.364s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.041s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.533s	10	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.521s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.045s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.524s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-0.7%)	2.012s (~)	0.917s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.906s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.899s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.111s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.124s (+2.4%)	2.011s (~)	0.887s	10	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.299s (-0.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.708s	10	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.998s (-4.7%)	3.225s (-3.0%)	1.227s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.058s (+4.9%)	3.331s (+4.3%)	1.272s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.078s (+7.5% 🔺)	3.385s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.307s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.681s (~)	11.041s (~)	0.360s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.722s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.300s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.735s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.288s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.834s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.189s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.839s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.184s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.865s (+2.0%)	11.044s (~)	0.179s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.269s (-0.7%)	13.024s (~)	0.755s	3	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	16.980s (+5.2% 🔺)	18.445s (+10.0% 🔺)	1.464s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	17.012s (+4.0%)	17.978s (+4.8%)	0.966s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	20.581s (+27.7% 🔺)	21.916s (+22.3% 🔺)	1.335s	2	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	26.748s (~)	27.062s (~)	0.313s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	26.905s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.145s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.245s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.808s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	27.267s (+1.8%)	28.064s (+3.7%)	0.797s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.519s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	27.574s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.479s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.497s (~)	31.040s (~)	0.543s	2	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.842s (~)	43.931s (-2.2%)	1.089s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.576s (+3.5%)	44.551s (+2.0%)	0.975s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.980s (+2.9%)	45.058s (+4.2%)	1.078s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	54.197s (~)	55.102s (+0.9%)	0.904s	2	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	54.364s (~)	55.096s (~)	0.732s	2	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	55.011s (+1.8%)	55.102s (+1.9%)	0.091s	2	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.739s (~)	57.104s (~)	0.364s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.458s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.645s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.618s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.485s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.756s (-0.8%)	61.065s (-1.7%)	0.309s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	94.955s (+3.0%)	95.499s (+1.9%)	0.544s	1	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	96.451s (+2.0%)	97.804s (+1.7%)	1.353s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	97.283s (-3.1%)	98.304s (-3.4%)	1.021s	1	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s (-2.4%)	2.006s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.300s (-1.3%)	2.010s (~)	0.710s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.365s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.645s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.417s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.417s (-2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.438s (+1.5%)	2.005s (~)	0.567s	15	1.15x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.130s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.877s	10	1.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.135s (-9.4% 🟢)	3.277s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.142s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.419s (+3.0%)	3.519s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.100s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (+10.6% 🔺)	3.870s (+12.7% 🔺)	1.224s	8	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.724s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.226s (~)	0.502s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.020s (+19.0% 🔺)	2.679s (+24.3% 🔺)	0.658s	12	1.17x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.488s (-0.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.519s	10	1.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.506s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.502s	10	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.635s (-1.8%)	3.008s (~)	0.373s	10	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.704s (+2.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.303s	10	1.57x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.694s (-0.9%)	5.176s (~)	0.482s	6	2.72x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.708s (+9.2% 🔺)	3.750s (+13.5% 🔺)	1.042s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.728s (+1.8%)	3.805s (+1.2%)	1.077s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.914s (+2.3%)	3.858s (-11.4% 🟢)	0.943s	8	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.880s (-0.7%)	3.764s (+5.4% 🔺)	0.884s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	3.898s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.557s	8	1.16x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (-0.7%)	4.581s (-3.0%)	0.573s	7	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.146s (+0.6%)	7.765s (~)	0.619s	4	2.48x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.851s (+1.6%)	8.269s (+3.1%)	0.419s	4	2.73x
💻 Local	Express	8.137s (+7.3% 🔺)	8.772s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.636s	4	2.83x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.705s (-2.6%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.643s	3	3.37x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.640s (+11.1% 🔺)	4.931s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.290s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.799s (+14.3% 🔺)	5.079s (+19.6% 🔺)	1.280s	6	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.069s (+17.5% 🔺)	5.107s (+12.1% 🔺)	1.038s	6	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.284s (-2.9%)	2.011s (~)	0.727s	15	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s (+3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.716s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.383s (+6.7% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.627s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.432s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.573s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.433s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.572s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.468s (+0.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.538s	15	1.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.169s (+1.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.838s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-3.5%)	3.317s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.229s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.109s (+3.6%)	3.184s (-5.6% 🟢)	1.074s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.206s (+3.2%)	3.373s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.167s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.783s (+6.4% 🔺)	2.156s (+3.7%)	0.373s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.033s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.513s (+24.9% 🔺)	0.480s	12	1.14x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.489s (-0.7%)	3.008s (~)	0.519s	10	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.636s (-2.5%)	3.008s (~)	0.372s	10	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.817s (+3.3%)	3.109s (+3.4%)	0.292s	10	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.834s (+2.4%)	3.008s (~)	0.174s	10	1.59x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.690s (-2.0%)	5.177s (~)	0.487s	6	2.63x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.323s (-13.0% 🟢)	3.418s (-9.6% 🟢)	1.095s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.419s (-19.2% 🟢)	3.429s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.010s	9	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.841s (+64.5% 🔺)	5.129s (+61.6% 🔺)	1.289s	6	1.65x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.982s (-2.5%)	3.682s (-5.4% 🟢)	0.700s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.523s (+24.3% 🔺)	4.151s (+10.3% 🔺)	0.628s	8	1.18x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.031s (~)	4.867s (+3.0%)	0.836s	7	1.35x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.341s (+1.6%)	8.019s (~)	0.677s	4	2.46x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.212s (-5.4% 🟢)	9.025s (~)	0.813s	4	2.75x
💻 Local	Express	8.607s (+6.7% 🔺)	9.022s (+2.8%)	0.415s	4	2.89x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.998s (-2.3%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.350s	3	3.35x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.041s (+8.0% 🔺)	3.945s (+2.3%)	0.903s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.096s (-1.1%)	4.066s (-4.3%)	0.970s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.195s (-1.0%)	4.040s (-4.6%)	0.844s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.149s (+2.1%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-13.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.858s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.149s (+6.8% 🔺)	0.997s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.862s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.151s (+6.5% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.011s (+1.8%)	1.017s (~)	0.865s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (+0.9%)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (-2.5%)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	0.182s (+0.9%)	1.003s (~)	0.012s (+14.8% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.836s	10	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.194s (+37.9% 🔺)	0.996s (~)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.818s	10	1.31x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (~)	0.940s (~)	0.001s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.008s (~)	0.499s	10	3.43x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.502s (-2.4%)	1.670s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.145s (+24.0% 🔺)	2.288s (-93.0% 🟢)	0.787s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.693s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.318s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.152s (+9.6% 🔺)	33.021s (+1164.4% 🔺)	31.328s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.713s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.219s (+7.0% 🔺)	0.732s (-9.1% 🟢)	3.490s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.777s	10	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/12
▲ Vercel	Express	7/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	7/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	8/12
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	11/12

Column Definitions

Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

socket-security · 2026-02-27T14:31:24Z

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/@vercel/queue@0.0.2 ⏵ 0.1.1			⁺¹	⁺¹

View full report

ctgowrie · 2026-02-27T14:30:30Z

Updates to latest queue client version

vercel · 2026-02-27T14:30:36Z

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-express-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-nest	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-swc-playground	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm

changeset-bot · 2026-02-27T14:30:39Z

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: fccf44b

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:40Z

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	523	0	49	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2485	46	286	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

addTenWorkflow
addTenWorkflow
should work with react rendering in step
promiseAllWorkflow
promiseRaceWorkflow
promiseAnyWorkflow
hookWorkflow
webhookWorkflow
sleepingWorkflow
parallelSleepWorkflow
nullByteWorkflow
workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
fetchWorkflow
promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro	47	5
✅ example	47	5
✅ express	47	5
✅ fastify	47	5
✅ hono	47	5
✅ nextjs-turbopack	50	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	50	2
✅ nitro	47	5
✅ nuxt	47	5
✅ sveltekit	47	5
✅ vite	47	5

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	7

📋 View full workflow run

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:43Z

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.032s (-0.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.033s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.041s (+2.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.042s (-1.6%)	1.012s (~)	0.970s	10	1.31x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.047s (-1.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.957s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.056s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.011s (-0.6%)	0.955s	10	1.74x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.094s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.913s	10	2.94x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.460s (-3.5%)	1.824s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.364s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.041s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.533s	10	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.521s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.045s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.524s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-0.7%)	2.012s (~)	0.917s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.906s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.899s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.111s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.124s (+2.4%)	2.011s (~)	0.887s	10	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.299s (-0.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.708s	10	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.998s (-4.7%)	3.225s (-3.0%)	1.227s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.058s (+4.9%)	3.331s (+4.3%)	1.272s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.078s (+7.5% 🔺)	3.385s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.307s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.681s (~)	11.041s (~)	0.360s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.722s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.300s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.735s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.288s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.834s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.189s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.839s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.184s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.865s (+2.0%)	11.044s (~)	0.179s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.269s (-0.7%)	13.024s (~)	0.755s	3	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	16.980s (+5.2% 🔺)	18.445s (+10.0% 🔺)	1.464s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	17.012s (+4.0%)	17.978s (+4.8%)	0.966s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	20.581s (+27.7% 🔺)	21.916s (+22.3% 🔺)	1.335s	2	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	26.748s (~)	27.062s (~)	0.313s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	26.905s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.145s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.245s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.808s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	27.267s (+1.8%)	28.064s (+3.7%)	0.797s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.519s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	27.574s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.479s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.497s (~)	31.040s (~)	0.543s	2	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.842s (~)	43.931s (-2.2%)	1.089s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.576s (+3.5%)	44.551s (+2.0%)	0.975s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.980s (+2.9%)	45.058s (+4.2%)	1.078s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	54.197s (~)	55.102s (+0.9%)	0.904s	2	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	54.364s (~)	55.096s (~)	0.732s	2	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	55.011s (+1.8%)	55.102s (+1.9%)	0.091s	2	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.739s (~)	57.104s (~)	0.364s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.458s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.645s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.618s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.485s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.756s (-0.8%)	61.065s (-1.7%)	0.309s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	94.955s (+3.0%)	95.499s (+1.9%)	0.544s	1	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	96.451s (+2.0%)	97.804s (+1.7%)	1.353s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	97.283s (-3.1%)	98.304s (-3.4%)	1.021s	1	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s (-2.4%)	2.006s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.300s (-1.3%)	2.010s (~)	0.710s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.365s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.645s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.417s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.417s (-2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.438s (+1.5%)	2.005s (~)	0.567s	15	1.15x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.130s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.877s	10	1.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.135s (-9.4% 🟢)	3.277s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.142s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.419s (+3.0%)	3.519s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.100s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (+10.6% 🔺)	3.870s (+12.7% 🔺)	1.224s	8	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.724s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.226s (~)	0.502s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.020s (+19.0% 🔺)	2.679s (+24.3% 🔺)	0.658s	12	1.17x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.488s (-0.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.519s	10	1.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.506s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.502s	10	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.635s (-1.8%)	3.008s (~)	0.373s	10	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.704s (+2.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.303s	10	1.57x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.694s (-0.9%)	5.176s (~)	0.482s	6	2.72x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.708s (+9.2% 🔺)	3.750s (+13.5% 🔺)	1.042s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.728s (+1.8%)	3.805s (+1.2%)	1.077s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.914s (+2.3%)	3.858s (-11.4% 🟢)	0.943s	8	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.880s (-0.7%)	3.764s (+5.4% 🔺)	0.884s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	3.898s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.557s	8	1.16x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (-0.7%)	4.581s (-3.0%)	0.573s	7	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.146s (+0.6%)	7.765s (~)	0.619s	4	2.48x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.851s (+1.6%)	8.269s (+3.1%)	0.419s	4	2.73x
💻 Local	Express	8.137s (+7.3% 🔺)	8.772s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.636s	4	2.83x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.705s (-2.6%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.643s	3	3.37x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.640s (+11.1% 🔺)	4.931s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.290s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.799s (+14.3% 🔺)	5.079s (+19.6% 🔺)	1.280s	6	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.069s (+17.5% 🔺)	5.107s (+12.1% 🔺)	1.038s	6	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.284s (-2.9%)	2.011s (~)	0.727s	15	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s (+3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.716s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.383s (+6.7% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.627s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.432s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.573s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.433s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.572s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.468s (+0.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.538s	15	1.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.169s (+1.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.838s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-3.5%)	3.317s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.229s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.109s (+3.6%)	3.184s (-5.6% 🟢)	1.074s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.206s (+3.2%)	3.373s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.167s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.783s (+6.4% 🔺)	2.156s (+3.7%)	0.373s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.033s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.513s (+24.9% 🔺)	0.480s	12	1.14x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.489s (-0.7%)	3.008s (~)	0.519s	10	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.636s (-2.5%)	3.008s (~)	0.372s	10	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.817s (+3.3%)	3.109s (+3.4%)	0.292s	10	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.834s (+2.4%)	3.008s (~)	0.174s	10	1.59x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.690s (-2.0%)	5.177s (~)	0.487s	6	2.63x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.323s (-13.0% 🟢)	3.418s (-9.6% 🟢)	1.095s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.419s (-19.2% 🟢)	3.429s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.010s	9	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.841s (+64.5% 🔺)	5.129s (+61.6% 🔺)	1.289s	6	1.65x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.982s (-2.5%)	3.682s (-5.4% 🟢)	0.700s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.523s (+24.3% 🔺)	4.151s (+10.3% 🔺)	0.628s	8	1.18x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.031s (~)	4.867s (+3.0%)	0.836s	7	1.35x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.341s (+1.6%)	8.019s (~)	0.677s	4	2.46x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.212s (-5.4% 🟢)	9.025s (~)	0.813s	4	2.75x
💻 Local	Express	8.607s (+6.7% 🔺)	9.022s (+2.8%)	0.415s	4	2.89x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.998s (-2.3%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.350s	3	3.35x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.041s (+8.0% 🔺)	3.945s (+2.3%)	0.903s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.096s (-1.1%)	4.066s (-4.3%)	0.970s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.195s (-1.0%)	4.040s (-4.6%)	0.844s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.149s (+2.1%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-13.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.858s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.149s (+6.8% 🔺)	0.997s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.862s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.151s (+6.5% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.011s (+1.8%)	1.017s (~)	0.865s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (+0.9%)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (-2.5%)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	0.182s (+0.9%)	1.003s (~)	0.012s (+14.8% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.836s	10	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.194s (+37.9% 🔺)	0.996s (~)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.818s	10	1.31x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (~)	0.940s (~)	0.001s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.008s (~)	0.499s	10	3.43x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.502s (-2.4%)	1.670s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.145s (+24.0% 🔺)	2.288s (-93.0% 🟢)	0.787s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.693s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.318s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.152s (+9.6% 🔺)	33.021s (+1164.4% 🔺)	31.328s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.713s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.219s (+7.0% 🔺)	0.732s (-9.1% 🟢)	3.490s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.777s	10	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/12
▲ Vercel	Express	7/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	7/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	8/12
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	11/12

Column Definitions

Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

socket-security · 2026-02-27T14:31:24Z

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/@vercel/queue@0.0.2 ⏵ 0.1.1			⁺¹	⁺¹

View full report

ctgowrie · 2026-02-27T14:30:30Z

Updates to latest queue client version

vercel · 2026-02-27T14:30:36Z

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-express-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-nest	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-swc-playground	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm

changeset-bot · 2026-02-27T14:30:39Z

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: fccf44b

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:40Z

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	523	0	49	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2485	46	286	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

addTenWorkflow
addTenWorkflow
should work with react rendering in step
promiseAllWorkflow
promiseRaceWorkflow
promiseAnyWorkflow
hookWorkflow
webhookWorkflow
sleepingWorkflow
parallelSleepWorkflow
nullByteWorkflow
workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
fetchWorkflow
promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro	47	5
✅ example	47	5
✅ express	47	5
✅ fastify	47	5
✅ hono	47	5
✅ nextjs-turbopack	50	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	50	2
✅ nitro	47	5
✅ nuxt	47	5
✅ sveltekit	47	5
✅ vite	47	5

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	7

📋 View full workflow run

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:43Z

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.032s (-0.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.033s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.041s (+2.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.042s (-1.6%)	1.012s (~)	0.970s	10	1.31x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.047s (-1.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.957s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.056s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.011s (-0.6%)	0.955s	10	1.74x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.094s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.913s	10	2.94x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.460s (-3.5%)	1.824s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.364s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.041s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.533s	10	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.521s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.045s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.524s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-0.7%)	2.012s (~)	0.917s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.906s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.899s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.111s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.124s (+2.4%)	2.011s (~)	0.887s	10	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.299s (-0.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.708s	10	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.998s (-4.7%)	3.225s (-3.0%)	1.227s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.058s (+4.9%)	3.331s (+4.3%)	1.272s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.078s (+7.5% 🔺)	3.385s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.307s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.681s (~)	11.041s (~)	0.360s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.722s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.300s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.735s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.288s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.834s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.189s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.839s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.184s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.865s (+2.0%)	11.044s (~)	0.179s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.269s (-0.7%)	13.024s (~)	0.755s	3	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	16.980s (+5.2% 🔺)	18.445s (+10.0% 🔺)	1.464s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	17.012s (+4.0%)	17.978s (+4.8%)	0.966s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	20.581s (+27.7% 🔺)	21.916s (+22.3% 🔺)	1.335s	2	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	26.748s (~)	27.062s (~)	0.313s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	26.905s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.145s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.245s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.808s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	27.267s (+1.8%)	28.064s (+3.7%)	0.797s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.519s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	27.574s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.479s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.497s (~)	31.040s (~)	0.543s	2	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.842s (~)	43.931s (-2.2%)	1.089s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.576s (+3.5%)	44.551s (+2.0%)	0.975s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.980s (+2.9%)	45.058s (+4.2%)	1.078s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	54.197s (~)	55.102s (+0.9%)	0.904s	2	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	54.364s (~)	55.096s (~)	0.732s	2	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	55.011s (+1.8%)	55.102s (+1.9%)	0.091s	2	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.739s (~)	57.104s (~)	0.364s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.458s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.645s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.618s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.485s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.756s (-0.8%)	61.065s (-1.7%)	0.309s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	94.955s (+3.0%)	95.499s (+1.9%)	0.544s	1	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	96.451s (+2.0%)	97.804s (+1.7%)	1.353s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	97.283s (-3.1%)	98.304s (-3.4%)	1.021s	1	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s (-2.4%)	2.006s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.300s (-1.3%)	2.010s (~)	0.710s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.365s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.645s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.417s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.417s (-2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.438s (+1.5%)	2.005s (~)	0.567s	15	1.15x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.130s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.877s	10	1.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.135s (-9.4% 🟢)	3.277s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.142s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.419s (+3.0%)	3.519s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.100s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (+10.6% 🔺)	3.870s (+12.7% 🔺)	1.224s	8	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.724s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.226s (~)	0.502s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.020s (+19.0% 🔺)	2.679s (+24.3% 🔺)	0.658s	12	1.17x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.488s (-0.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.519s	10	1.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.506s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.502s	10	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.635s (-1.8%)	3.008s (~)	0.373s	10	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.704s (+2.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.303s	10	1.57x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.694s (-0.9%)	5.176s (~)	0.482s	6	2.72x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.708s (+9.2% 🔺)	3.750s (+13.5% 🔺)	1.042s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.728s (+1.8%)	3.805s (+1.2%)	1.077s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.914s (+2.3%)	3.858s (-11.4% 🟢)	0.943s	8	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.880s (-0.7%)	3.764s (+5.4% 🔺)	0.884s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	3.898s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.557s	8	1.16x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (-0.7%)	4.581s (-3.0%)	0.573s	7	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.146s (+0.6%)	7.765s (~)	0.619s	4	2.48x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.851s (+1.6%)	8.269s (+3.1%)	0.419s	4	2.73x
💻 Local	Express	8.137s (+7.3% 🔺)	8.772s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.636s	4	2.83x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.705s (-2.6%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.643s	3	3.37x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.640s (+11.1% 🔺)	4.931s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.290s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.799s (+14.3% 🔺)	5.079s (+19.6% 🔺)	1.280s	6	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.069s (+17.5% 🔺)	5.107s (+12.1% 🔺)	1.038s	6	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.284s (-2.9%)	2.011s (~)	0.727s	15	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s (+3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.716s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.383s (+6.7% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.627s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.432s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.573s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.433s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.572s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.468s (+0.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.538s	15	1.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.169s (+1.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.838s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-3.5%)	3.317s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.229s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.109s (+3.6%)	3.184s (-5.6% 🟢)	1.074s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.206s (+3.2%)	3.373s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.167s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.783s (+6.4% 🔺)	2.156s (+3.7%)	0.373s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.033s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.513s (+24.9% 🔺)	0.480s	12	1.14x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.489s (-0.7%)	3.008s (~)	0.519s	10	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.636s (-2.5%)	3.008s (~)	0.372s	10	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.817s (+3.3%)	3.109s (+3.4%)	0.292s	10	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.834s (+2.4%)	3.008s (~)	0.174s	10	1.59x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.690s (-2.0%)	5.177s (~)	0.487s	6	2.63x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.323s (-13.0% 🟢)	3.418s (-9.6% 🟢)	1.095s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.419s (-19.2% 🟢)	3.429s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.010s	9	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.841s (+64.5% 🔺)	5.129s (+61.6% 🔺)	1.289s	6	1.65x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.982s (-2.5%)	3.682s (-5.4% 🟢)	0.700s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.523s (+24.3% 🔺)	4.151s (+10.3% 🔺)	0.628s	8	1.18x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.031s (~)	4.867s (+3.0%)	0.836s	7	1.35x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.341s (+1.6%)	8.019s (~)	0.677s	4	2.46x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.212s (-5.4% 🟢)	9.025s (~)	0.813s	4	2.75x
💻 Local	Express	8.607s (+6.7% 🔺)	9.022s (+2.8%)	0.415s	4	2.89x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.998s (-2.3%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.350s	3	3.35x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.041s (+8.0% 🔺)	3.945s (+2.3%)	0.903s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.096s (-1.1%)	4.066s (-4.3%)	0.970s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.195s (-1.0%)	4.040s (-4.6%)	0.844s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.149s (+2.1%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-13.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.858s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.149s (+6.8% 🔺)	0.997s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.862s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.151s (+6.5% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.011s (+1.8%)	1.017s (~)	0.865s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (+0.9%)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (-2.5%)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	0.182s (+0.9%)	1.003s (~)	0.012s (+14.8% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.836s	10	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.194s (+37.9% 🔺)	0.996s (~)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.818s	10	1.31x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (~)	0.940s (~)	0.001s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.008s (~)	0.499s	10	3.43x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.502s (-2.4%)	1.670s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.145s (+24.0% 🔺)	2.288s (-93.0% 🟢)	0.787s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.693s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.318s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.152s (+9.6% 🔺)	33.021s (+1164.4% 🔺)	31.328s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.713s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.219s (+7.0% 🔺)	0.732s (-9.1% 🟢)	3.490s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.777s	10	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/12
▲ Vercel	Express	7/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	7/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	8/12
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	11/12

Column Definitions

Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

socket-security · 2026-02-27T14:31:24Z

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/@vercel/queue@0.0.2 ⏵ 0.1.1			⁺¹	⁺¹

View full report

ctgowrie · 2026-02-27T14:30:30Z

Updates to latest queue client version

vercel · 2026-02-27T14:30:36Z

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-express-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-nest	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-swc-playground	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm

changeset-bot · 2026-02-27T14:30:39Z

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: fccf44b

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:40Z

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	523	0	49	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2485	46	286	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

addTenWorkflow
addTenWorkflow
should work with react rendering in step
promiseAllWorkflow
promiseRaceWorkflow
promiseAnyWorkflow
hookWorkflow
webhookWorkflow
sleepingWorkflow
parallelSleepWorkflow
nullByteWorkflow
workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
fetchWorkflow
promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro	47	5
✅ example	47	5
✅ express	47	5
✅ fastify	47	5
✅ hono	47	5
✅ nextjs-turbopack	50	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	50	2
✅ nitro	47	5
✅ nuxt	47	5
✅ sveltekit	47	5
✅ vite	47	5

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	7

📋 View full workflow run

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:43Z

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.032s (-0.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.033s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.041s (+2.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.042s (-1.6%)	1.012s (~)	0.970s	10	1.31x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.047s (-1.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.957s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.056s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.011s (-0.6%)	0.955s	10	1.74x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.094s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.913s	10	2.94x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.460s (-3.5%)	1.824s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.364s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.041s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.533s	10	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.521s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.045s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.524s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-0.7%)	2.012s (~)	0.917s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.906s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.899s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.111s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.124s (+2.4%)	2.011s (~)	0.887s	10	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.299s (-0.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.708s	10	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.998s (-4.7%)	3.225s (-3.0%)	1.227s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.058s (+4.9%)	3.331s (+4.3%)	1.272s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.078s (+7.5% 🔺)	3.385s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.307s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.681s (~)	11.041s (~)	0.360s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.722s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.300s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.735s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.288s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.834s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.189s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.839s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.184s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.865s (+2.0%)	11.044s (~)	0.179s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.269s (-0.7%)	13.024s (~)	0.755s	3	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	16.980s (+5.2% 🔺)	18.445s (+10.0% 🔺)	1.464s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	17.012s (+4.0%)	17.978s (+4.8%)	0.966s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	20.581s (+27.7% 🔺)	21.916s (+22.3% 🔺)	1.335s	2	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	26.748s (~)	27.062s (~)	0.313s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	26.905s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.145s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.245s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.808s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	27.267s (+1.8%)	28.064s (+3.7%)	0.797s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.519s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	27.574s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.479s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.497s (~)	31.040s (~)	0.543s	2	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.842s (~)	43.931s (-2.2%)	1.089s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.576s (+3.5%)	44.551s (+2.0%)	0.975s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.980s (+2.9%)	45.058s (+4.2%)	1.078s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	54.197s (~)	55.102s (+0.9%)	0.904s	2	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	54.364s (~)	55.096s (~)	0.732s	2	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	55.011s (+1.8%)	55.102s (+1.9%)	0.091s	2	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.739s (~)	57.104s (~)	0.364s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.458s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.645s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.618s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.485s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.756s (-0.8%)	61.065s (-1.7%)	0.309s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	94.955s (+3.0%)	95.499s (+1.9%)	0.544s	1	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	96.451s (+2.0%)	97.804s (+1.7%)	1.353s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	97.283s (-3.1%)	98.304s (-3.4%)	1.021s	1	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s (-2.4%)	2.006s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.300s (-1.3%)	2.010s (~)	0.710s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.365s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.645s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.417s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.417s (-2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.438s (+1.5%)	2.005s (~)	0.567s	15	1.15x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.130s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.877s	10	1.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.135s (-9.4% 🟢)	3.277s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.142s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.419s (+3.0%)	3.519s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.100s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (+10.6% 🔺)	3.870s (+12.7% 🔺)	1.224s	8	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.724s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.226s (~)	0.502s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.020s (+19.0% 🔺)	2.679s (+24.3% 🔺)	0.658s	12	1.17x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.488s (-0.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.519s	10	1.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.506s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.502s	10	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.635s (-1.8%)	3.008s (~)	0.373s	10	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.704s (+2.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.303s	10	1.57x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.694s (-0.9%)	5.176s (~)	0.482s	6	2.72x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.708s (+9.2% 🔺)	3.750s (+13.5% 🔺)	1.042s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.728s (+1.8%)	3.805s (+1.2%)	1.077s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.914s (+2.3%)	3.858s (-11.4% 🟢)	0.943s	8	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.880s (-0.7%)	3.764s (+5.4% 🔺)	0.884s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	3.898s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.557s	8	1.16x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (-0.7%)	4.581s (-3.0%)	0.573s	7	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.146s (+0.6%)	7.765s (~)	0.619s	4	2.48x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.851s (+1.6%)	8.269s (+3.1%)	0.419s	4	2.73x
💻 Local	Express	8.137s (+7.3% 🔺)	8.772s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.636s	4	2.83x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.705s (-2.6%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.643s	3	3.37x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.640s (+11.1% 🔺)	4.931s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.290s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.799s (+14.3% 🔺)	5.079s (+19.6% 🔺)	1.280s	6	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.069s (+17.5% 🔺)	5.107s (+12.1% 🔺)	1.038s	6	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.284s (-2.9%)	2.011s (~)	0.727s	15	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s (+3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.716s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.383s (+6.7% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.627s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.432s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.573s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.433s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.572s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.468s (+0.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.538s	15	1.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.169s (+1.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.838s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-3.5%)	3.317s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.229s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.109s (+3.6%)	3.184s (-5.6% 🟢)	1.074s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.206s (+3.2%)	3.373s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.167s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.783s (+6.4% 🔺)	2.156s (+3.7%)	0.373s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.033s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.513s (+24.9% 🔺)	0.480s	12	1.14x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.489s (-0.7%)	3.008s (~)	0.519s	10	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.636s (-2.5%)	3.008s (~)	0.372s	10	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.817s (+3.3%)	3.109s (+3.4%)	0.292s	10	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.834s (+2.4%)	3.008s (~)	0.174s	10	1.59x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.690s (-2.0%)	5.177s (~)	0.487s	6	2.63x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.323s (-13.0% 🟢)	3.418s (-9.6% 🟢)	1.095s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.419s (-19.2% 🟢)	3.429s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.010s	9	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.841s (+64.5% 🔺)	5.129s (+61.6% 🔺)	1.289s	6	1.65x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.982s (-2.5%)	3.682s (-5.4% 🟢)	0.700s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.523s (+24.3% 🔺)	4.151s (+10.3% 🔺)	0.628s	8	1.18x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.031s (~)	4.867s (+3.0%)	0.836s	7	1.35x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.341s (+1.6%)	8.019s (~)	0.677s	4	2.46x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.212s (-5.4% 🟢)	9.025s (~)	0.813s	4	2.75x
💻 Local	Express	8.607s (+6.7% 🔺)	9.022s (+2.8%)	0.415s	4	2.89x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.998s (-2.3%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.350s	3	3.35x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.041s (+8.0% 🔺)	3.945s (+2.3%)	0.903s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.096s (-1.1%)	4.066s (-4.3%)	0.970s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.195s (-1.0%)	4.040s (-4.6%)	0.844s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.149s (+2.1%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-13.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.858s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.149s (+6.8% 🔺)	0.997s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.862s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.151s (+6.5% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.011s (+1.8%)	1.017s (~)	0.865s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (+0.9%)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (-2.5%)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	0.182s (+0.9%)	1.003s (~)	0.012s (+14.8% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.836s	10	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.194s (+37.9% 🔺)	0.996s (~)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.818s	10	1.31x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (~)	0.940s (~)	0.001s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.008s (~)	0.499s	10	3.43x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.502s (-2.4%)	1.670s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.145s (+24.0% 🔺)	2.288s (-93.0% 🟢)	0.787s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.693s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.318s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.152s (+9.6% 🔺)	33.021s (+1164.4% 🔺)	31.328s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.713s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.219s (+7.0% 🔺)	0.732s (-9.1% 🟢)	3.490s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.777s	10	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/12
▲ Vercel	Express	7/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	7/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	8/12
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	11/12

Column Definitions

Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

socket-security · 2026-02-27T14:31:24Z

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/@vercel/queue@0.0.2 ⏵ 0.1.1			⁺¹	⁺¹

View full report

ctgowrie · 2026-02-27T14:30:30Z

Updates to latest queue client version

vercel · 2026-02-27T14:30:36Z

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
example-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-express-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-nest	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm
workflow-swc-playground	Building	Preview, Comment	Feb 27, 2026 2:30pm

changeset-bot · 2026-02-27T14:30:39Z

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: fccf44b

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:40Z

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	523	0	49	572
✅ 💻 Local Development	556	0	68	624
✅ 📦 Local Production	556	0	68	624
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	556	0	68	624
✅ 🪟 Windows	49	0	3	52
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	110	46	9	165
✅ 📋 Other	135	0	21	156
Total	2485	46	286	2817

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (46 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

webhookWorkflow

turso (45 failed):

addTenWorkflow
addTenWorkflow
should work with react rendering in step
promiseAllWorkflow
promiseRaceWorkflow
promiseAnyWorkflow
hookWorkflow
webhookWorkflow
sleepingWorkflow
parallelSleepWorkflow
nullByteWorkflow
workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
fetchWorkflow
promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro	47	5
✅ example	47	5
✅ express	47	5
✅ fastify	47	5
✅ hono	47	5
✅ nextjs-turbopack	50	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	50	2
✅ nitro	47	5
✅ nuxt	47	5
✅ sveltekit	47	5
✅ vite	47	5

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	45	7
✅ express-stable	45	7
✅ fastify-stable	45	7
✅ hono-stable	45	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	49	3
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	49	3
✅ nitro-stable	45	7
✅ nuxt-stable	45	7
✅ sveltekit-stable	45	7
✅ vite-stable	45	7

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	49	0	3

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	3	0	0
❌ mongodb	48	1	3
✅ redis-dev	3	0	0
✅ redis	49	0	3
✅ turso-dev	3	0	0
❌ turso	4	45	3

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	45	7
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	45	7

📋 View full workflow run

github-actions · 2026-02-27T14:30:43Z

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.032s (-0.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.973s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.033s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.972s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.041s (+2.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.042s (-1.6%)	1.012s (~)	0.970s	10	1.31x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.047s (-1.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.957s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.056s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.011s (-0.6%)	0.955s	10	1.74x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.094s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.913s	10	2.94x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.460s (-3.5%)	1.824s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.364s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.041s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.533s	10	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.521s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.045s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.524s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-0.7%)	2.012s (~)	0.917s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.906s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.899s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.107s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.898s	10	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.111s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.895s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.124s (+2.4%)	2.011s (~)	0.887s	10	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.299s (-0.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.708s	10	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.998s (-4.7%)	3.225s (-3.0%)	1.227s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.058s (+4.9%)	3.331s (+4.3%)	1.272s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.078s (+7.5% 🔺)	3.385s (+9.5% 🔺)	1.307s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.681s (~)	11.041s (~)	0.360s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.722s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.300s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.735s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.288s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.834s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.189s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.839s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.184s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.865s (+2.0%)	11.044s (~)	0.179s	3	1.02x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.269s (-0.7%)	13.024s (~)	0.755s	3	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	16.980s (+5.2% 🔺)	18.445s (+10.0% 🔺)	1.464s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	17.012s (+4.0%)	17.978s (+4.8%)	0.966s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	20.581s (+27.7% 🔺)	21.916s (+22.3% 🔺)	1.335s	2	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	26.748s (~)	27.062s (~)	0.313s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	26.905s (~)	27.050s (~)	0.145s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.245s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.808s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	27.267s (+1.8%)	28.064s (+3.7%)	0.797s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	27.534s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.519s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	27.574s (~)	28.053s (~)	0.479s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.497s (~)	31.040s (~)	0.543s	2	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	42.842s (~)	43.931s (-2.2%)	1.089s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	43.576s (+3.5%)	44.551s (+2.0%)	0.975s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.980s (+2.9%)	45.058s (+4.2%)	1.078s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	54.197s (~)	55.102s (+0.9%)	0.904s	2	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	54.364s (~)	55.096s (~)	0.732s	2	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	55.011s (+1.8%)	55.102s (+1.9%)	0.091s	2	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	56.739s (~)	57.104s (~)	0.364s	2	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	57.458s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.645s	2	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	57.618s (~)	58.103s (~)	0.485s	2	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	60.756s (-0.8%)	61.065s (-1.7%)	0.309s	2	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	94.955s (+3.0%)	95.499s (+1.9%)	0.544s	1	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	96.451s (+2.0%)	97.804s (+1.7%)	1.353s	1	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	97.283s (-3.1%)	98.304s (-3.4%)	1.021s	1	1.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s (-2.4%)	2.006s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.300s (-1.3%)	2.010s (~)	0.710s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.365s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.645s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.417s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.417s (-2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.588s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.438s (+1.5%)	2.005s (~)	0.567s	15	1.15x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.130s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.877s	10	1.70x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.135s (-9.4% 🟢)	3.277s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.142s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.419s (+3.0%)	3.519s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.100s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (+10.6% 🔺)	3.870s (+12.7% 🔺)	1.224s	8	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.724s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.226s (~)	0.502s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.020s (+19.0% 🔺)	2.679s (+24.3% 🔺)	0.658s	12	1.17x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.488s (-0.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.519s	10	1.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.506s (-1.1%)	3.008s (~)	0.502s	10	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.635s (-1.8%)	3.008s (~)	0.373s	10	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.704s (+2.5%)	3.007s (~)	0.303s	10	1.57x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.694s (-0.9%)	5.176s (~)	0.482s	6	2.72x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.708s (+9.2% 🔺)	3.750s (+13.5% 🔺)	1.042s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.728s (+1.8%)	3.805s (+1.2%)	1.077s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.914s (+2.3%)	3.858s (-11.4% 🟢)	0.943s	8	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.880s (-0.7%)	3.764s (+5.4% 🔺)	0.884s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.341s (+13.7% 🔺)	3.898s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.557s	8	1.16x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (-0.7%)	4.581s (-3.0%)	0.573s	7	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.146s (+0.6%)	7.765s (~)	0.619s	4	2.48x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.851s (+1.6%)	8.269s (+3.1%)	0.419s	4	2.73x
💻 Local	Express	8.137s (+7.3% 🔺)	8.772s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.636s	4	2.83x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.705s (-2.6%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.643s	3	3.37x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.640s (+11.1% 🔺)	4.931s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.290s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.799s (+14.3% 🔺)	5.079s (+19.6% 🔺)	1.280s	6	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.069s (+17.5% 🔺)	5.107s (+12.1% 🔺)	1.038s	6	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.284s (-2.9%)	2.011s (~)	0.727s	15	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s (+3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.716s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.383s (+6.7% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.627s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.432s (~)	2.005s (~)	0.573s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.433s (+0.6%)	2.005s (~)	0.572s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.468s (+0.5%)	2.006s (~)	0.538s	15	1.14x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.169s (+1.0%)	3.007s (~)	0.838s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-3.5%)	3.317s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.229s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.109s (+3.6%)	3.184s (-5.6% 🟢)	1.074s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.206s (+3.2%)	3.373s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.167s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.783s (+6.4% 🔺)	2.156s (+3.7%)	0.373s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.033s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.513s (+24.9% 🔺)	0.480s	12	1.14x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.489s (-0.7%)	3.008s (~)	0.519s	10	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.636s (-2.5%)	3.008s (~)	0.372s	10	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.817s (+3.3%)	3.109s (+3.4%)	0.292s	10	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.834s (+2.4%)	3.008s (~)	0.174s	10	1.59x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.690s (-2.0%)	5.177s (~)	0.487s	6	2.63x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.323s (-13.0% 🟢)	3.418s (-9.6% 🟢)	1.095s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.419s (-19.2% 🟢)	3.429s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.010s	9	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.841s (+64.5% 🔺)	5.129s (+61.6% 🔺)	1.289s	6	1.65x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.982s (-2.5%)	3.682s (-5.4% 🟢)	0.700s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.523s (+24.3% 🔺)	4.151s (+10.3% 🔺)	0.628s	8	1.18x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.031s (~)	4.867s (+3.0%)	0.836s	7	1.35x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.341s (+1.6%)	8.019s (~)	0.677s	4	2.46x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.212s (-5.4% 🟢)	9.025s (~)	0.813s	4	2.75x
💻 Local	Express	8.607s (+6.7% 🔺)	9.022s (+2.8%)	0.415s	4	2.89x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	9.998s (-2.3%)	10.348s (-3.2%)	0.350s	3	3.35x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.041s (+8.0% 🔺)	3.945s (+2.3%)	0.903s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.096s (-1.1%)	4.066s (-4.3%)	0.970s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.195s (-1.0%)	4.040s (-4.6%)	0.844s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🌐 Redis	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.149s (+2.1%)	1.000s (~)	0.001s (-13.3% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.858s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.149s (+6.8% 🔺)	0.997s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.862s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.151s (+6.5% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.011s (+1.8%)	1.017s (~)	0.865s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.174s (+0.9%)	1.002s (~)	0.012s (-2.5%)	1.017s (~)	0.843s	10	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	0.182s (+0.9%)	1.003s (~)	0.012s (+14.8% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.836s	10	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.194s (+37.9% 🔺)	0.996s (~)	0.002s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.818s	10	1.31x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.509s (~)	0.940s (~)	0.001s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.008s (~)	0.499s	10	3.43x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.502s (-2.4%)	1.670s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.145s (+24.0% 🔺)	2.288s (-93.0% 🟢)	0.787s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.693s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.318s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.152s (+9.6% 🔺)	33.021s (+1164.4% 🔺)	31.328s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.713s (+16.5% 🔺)	2.219s (+7.0% 🔺)	0.732s (-9.1% 🟢)	3.490s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.777s	10	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10/12
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/12
▲ Vercel	Express	7/12

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	7/12
Next.js (Turbopack)	🌐 Redis	8/12
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	11/12

Column Definitions

Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

socket-security · 2026-02-27T14:31:24Z

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/@vercel/queue@0.0.2 ⏵ 0.1.1			⁺¹	⁺¹

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Update to latest queue client version
fccf44b

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TooTallNate merged commit f3b2e08 into mainFeb 27, 2026
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Version Packages (beta) #1215
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Version Packages (beta) ben-vargas/workflow#104
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