test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench - #1262

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TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
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nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack
Mar 9, 2026
Merged

test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench#1262
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack

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@TooTallNate

@TooTallNateTooTallNate commented Mar 4, 2026

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Summary

Enables e2e encryption on the nextjs-turbopack workbench project by setting VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in vercel.json.

Purpose

This triggers the e2e test suite to run with encryption enabled, which validates:

  • New workflow runs produce encrypted event data
  • Encrypted data is correctly decrypted during replay
  • Pre-encryption runs (from before this deployment) continue to work (backwards compatibility)
  • CLI --decrypt flag works against real encrypted data
  • Web UI Decrypt button works against real encrypted data

What happens

Once this PR's preview deployment is live:

  1. The e2e tests will automatically run against it (Vercel Production env)
  2. New workflow runs triggered by the tests will have encrypted payloads
  3. The test suite should pass — any failures indicate encryption regressions

Cleanup

This key should be removed after the encryption bugbash is complete.

Set VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to enable e2e encryption for the
nextjs-turbopack workbench project. This allows the e2e test
suite to exercise encrypted workflow runs alongside existing
unencrypted runs for backwards compatibility testing.
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate requested a review from a team as a code ownerMarch 4, 2026 21:47
CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings March 4, 2026 21:47
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changeset-botBot commented Mar 4, 2026

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 2353fbc

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages
NameType
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/corePatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production538067605
✅ 💻 Local Development576084660
✅ 📦 Local Production576084660
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres576084660
✅ 🪟 Windows520355
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds1164915180
✅ 📋 Other138027165
Total2572493642985

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (49 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

  • webhookWorkflow

turso (48 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent)
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • importedStepOnlyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • parallelSleepWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
  • cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4807
✅ example4807
✅ express4807
✅ fastify4807
✅ hono4807
✅ nextjs-turbopack5302
✅ nextjs-webpack5302
✅ nitro4807
✅ nuxt4807
✅ sveltekit4807
✅ vite4807
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack5203
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev302
❌ mongodb5113
✅ redis-dev302
✅ redis5203
✅ turso-dev302
❌ turso4483
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4609

📋 View full workflow run

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro0.032s (-16.8% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress0.035s (+8.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.970s101.10x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)0.041s1.005s0.964s101.26x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.043s1.005s0.962s101.34x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.049s1.011s0.962s101.52x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.052s (~)1.010s (~)0.958s101.61x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.056s (+11.1% 🔺)1.012s (~)0.956s101.74x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.112s1.008s0.896s103.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro0.412s (-9.2% 🟢)2.058s (-5.2% 🟢)1.646s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.474s (+23.7% 🔺)1.985s (+16.1% 🔺)1.511s101.15x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)0.588s (+19.4% 🔺)2.088s (-2.6%)1.500s101.43x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro1.102s (~)2.005s (~)0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.103s2.005s0.902s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)1.104s2.007s0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress1.111s (+0.8%)2.006s (~)0.895s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.125s (+0.5%)2.018s (~)0.894s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.132s2.013s0.881s101.03x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.134s (+3.8%)2.013s (~)0.879s101.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)1.300s2.008s0.708s101.18x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.970s (-1.9%)3.132s (-13.7% 🟢)1.162s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.031s (+4.1%)3.476s (+17.0% 🔺)1.445s101.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.055s (-1.9%)3.352s (~)1.298s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)10.644s11.021s0.377s31.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)10.672s11.023s0.351s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.758s (~)11.022s (~)0.264s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)10.785s11.043s0.258s31.01x
💻 LocalExpress10.820s (~)11.023s (~)0.203s31.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.823s (~)11.039s (~)0.215s31.02x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.855s (+2.4%)11.041s (~)0.186s31.02x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)12.213s13.019s0.806s31.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro17.255s (-2.9%)18.206s (-3.3%)0.951s21.00x
▲ VercelExpress17.767s (+4.9%)19.655s (+10.9% 🔺)1.888s21.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)324.292s (+1810.9% 🔺)325.932s (+1654.9% 🔺)1.640s118.79x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)26.568s27.050s0.481s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)26.807s27.062s0.256s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro26.860s (-0.7%)27.060s (-2.4%)0.200s31.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)26.919s27.050s0.131s31.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress27.034s (+2.5%)27.393s (+1.2%)0.359s31.02x
💻 LocalNitro27.169s (~)28.052s (~)0.883s31.02x
💻 LocalExpress27.286s (~)28.051s (~)0.765s31.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)30.328s31.029s0.701s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express44.182s (+2.1%)45.375s (+2.2%)1.193s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)44.305s (-1.2%)45.251s (-2.6%)0.946s21.00x
▲ VercelNitro45.406s (~)46.879s (~)1.473s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)53.133s53.597s0.465s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)53.538s54.097s0.559s21.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro53.825s (~)54.097s (~)0.271s21.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.921s (+2.3%)54.105s (+1.9%)0.184s21.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)55.339s56.095s0.757s21.04x
💻 LocalNitro56.027s (~)56.100s (~)0.073s21.05x
💻 LocalExpress56.422s (~)57.103s (~)0.681s21.06x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)60.698s61.069s0.371s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro92.540s (-3.1%)94.201s (-3.0%)1.661s11.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)95.564s (+3.7%)97.175s (+4.1%)1.611s11.03x
▲ VercelExpress96.347s (-1.6%)98.291s (-0.9%)1.944s11.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.245s2.007s0.762s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.351s (~)2.010s (~)0.659s151.08x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.367s (+6.3% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.644s151.10x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.380s2.012s0.632s151.11x
💻 LocalNitro1.403s (-1.3%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.432s2.005s0.573s151.15x
💻 LocalExpress1.434s (~)2.005s (~)0.571s151.15x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.148s3.008s0.860s101.72x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.072s (-16.5% 🟢)3.179s (-16.4% 🟢)1.107s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.535s (+16.4% 🔺)3.782s (+20.3% 🔺)1.247s81.22x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.573s (+9.0% 🔺)3.555s (~)0.982s101.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express2.025s (+12.8% 🔺)2.597s (+20.6% 🔺)0.572s121.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.093s2.597s0.504s121.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.162s (+3.1%)2.746s (+5.6% 🔺)0.584s111.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.496s3.007s0.511s101.23x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.548s3.008s0.460s101.26x
💻 LocalExpress2.597s (-2.1%)3.008s (~)0.411s101.28x
💻 LocalNitro2.612s (~)3.007s (~)0.395s101.29x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.599s5.175s0.577s62.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.494s (-16.0% 🟢)3.619s (-15.9% 🟢)1.124s91.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.682s (+8.9% 🔺)4.125s (+26.0% 🔺)1.443s81.08x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.704s (+5.5% 🔺)3.570s (-0.6%)0.865s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)3.694s4.450s0.756s71.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress3.803s (+28.1% 🔺)4.451s (+10.8% 🔺)0.648s71.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.983s (+1.8%)4.740s (+3.0%)0.757s71.08x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.353s5.012s0.659s61.18x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)6.667s7.516s0.849s41.80x
💻 LocalExpress7.522s (-1.5%)8.019s (~)0.497s42.04x
💻 LocalNitro7.556s (-1.1%)8.021s (~)0.465s42.05x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)9.985s10.347s0.362s32.70x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.815s (-5.1% 🟢)3.916s (-4.4%)1.101s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.172s (+3.2%)4.210s (-3.1%)1.038s81.13x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.816s (+27.0% 🔺)4.873s (+12.3% 🔺)1.057s71.36x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.235s2.007s0.772s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.374s (-1.0%)2.012s (~)0.638s151.11x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.377s2.011s0.635s151.12x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.379s (+6.5% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.632s151.12x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.392s2.004s0.613s151.13x
💻 LocalNitro1.428s (~)2.006s (~)0.578s151.16x
💻 LocalExpress1.454s (+1.3%)2.005s (~)0.552s151.18x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.185s3.007s0.822s101.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.067s (-10.2% 🟢)3.119s (-15.5% 🟢)1.052s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.080s (-1.1%)3.585s (+9.3% 🔺)1.505s91.01x
▲ VercelNitro2.237s (+4.5%)3.568s (+4.6%)1.331s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Nitro1.976s (-4.3%)2.515s (-8.2% 🟢)0.539s121.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.990s (+16.5% 🔺)2.598s (+20.6% 🔺)0.609s121.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.015s2.513s0.498s121.02x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.533s3.008s0.476s101.28x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.575s3.009s0.434s101.30x
💻 LocalExpress2.715s (-2.0%)3.008s (~)0.293s101.37x
💻 LocalNitro2.760s (+1.6%)3.008s (~)0.248s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.793s5.177s0.384s62.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.386s (-13.9% 🟢)3.554s (-3.8%)1.168s91.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.509s (-6.9% 🟢)3.388s (-6.3% 🟢)0.879s91.05x
▲ VercelNitro3.112s (+28.8% 🔺)4.216s (+15.7% 🔺)1.104s81.30x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express3.589s (+29.6% 🔺)4.274s (+19.7% 🔺)0.684s81.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)3.779s4.593s0.814s71.05x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.927s (+13.9% 🔺)4.460s (+3.5%)0.533s71.09x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.205s5.012s0.807s61.17x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)7.981s8.516s0.535s42.22x
💻 LocalExpress8.094s (-3.9%)9.022s (~)0.928s42.25x
💻 LocalNitro8.152s (-1.0%)8.773s (-2.8%)0.620s42.27x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)10.049s10.350s0.300s32.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.742s (-21.3% 🟢)4.323s (-13.6% 🟢)1.581s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress3.019s (+5.3% 🔺)4.603s (+14.8% 🔺)1.583s71.10x
▲ VercelNitro3.096s (+10.5% 🔺)4.491s (+3.1%)1.395s71.13x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.137s1.002s0.011s1.017s0.880s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.152s1.000s0.002s1.008s0.856s101.11x
💻 LocalNitro0.168s (-1.5%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-0.9%)1.017s (~)0.849s101.23x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.177s1.001s0.002s1.014s0.837s101.29x
💻 LocalExpress0.178s (+3.7%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-1.7%)1.018s (~)0.840s101.30x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.184s (~)0.992s (~)0.001s (-14.3% 🟢)1.012s (~)0.828s101.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.192s (+41.9% 🔺)0.994s (-0.6%)0.001s (~)1.015s (~)0.823s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.489s0.953s0.002s1.009s0.520s103.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.442s (-6.1% 🟢)2.389s (+4.3%)0.150s (-6.4% 🟢)2.968s (+2.4%)1.526s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress1.682s (+12.8% 🔺)2.678s (+9.5% 🔺)0.119s (-20.2% 🟢)3.274s (+11.5% 🔺)1.592s101.17x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)1.865s (+16.5% 🔺)2.656s (+7.4% 🔺)0.133s (-72.4% 🟢)3.213s (-5.9% 🟢)1.348s101.29x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)9/12
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)6/12
▲ VercelNitro7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express🐘 Postgres6/12
Next.js (Turbopack)💻 Local4/12
Nitro🐘 Postgres6/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

Enables e2e encryption for the nextjs-turbopack workbench deployment by configuring VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in the Vercel project config so the test suite exercises encrypted payloads and decryption paths.

Changes:

  • Adds VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to the workbench’s vercel.json environment configuration.

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"env": {
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1"
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1",
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="

CopilotAIMar 4, 2026

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VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY looks like a sensitive deployment secret (used to derive encryption keys) but is being committed as a literal value in vercel.json. This exposes the key in git history and to anyone with repo access, and it will apply to every future deployment of this workbench. Please remove the hard-coded value and source it from Vercel-managed environment variables/secrets instead (e.g., configure it in the Vercel project/preview env, or reference a Vercel secret rather than inlining). Also rotate the key since it’s now been published in the PR diff.

Suggested change
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "@vercel-deployment-key"

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This is a false positive. The workbench/nextjs-turbopack project is a private test workbench used for e2e testing — it's not a production application. The key is intentionally committed as a test fixture so that CI deployments of this workbench exercise the encryption code paths. There's no security risk here since this key only protects test data in a test environment.

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It's temporary dude. Read the PR description.

Comment threadpackages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts Outdated
…eout(r, NaN)` to resolve immediately (0ms), triggering rapid-fire retries against a rate-limited API endpoint.
This commit fixes the issue reported at packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts:138
**Bug Analysis:**
In `packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts`, the `fetchRunKey` function handles HTTP 429 (rate limited) responses by reading the `retry-after` header and computing a delay. The original code was:
```js
const retryAfter = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const delay = retryAfter
? Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10) * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Per RFC 9110, the `Retry-After` header can contain either a number of seconds OR an HTTP date string (e.g., `"Wed, 21 Oct 2015 07:28:00 GMT"`). When the header contains a date string or any non-numeric value, `Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10)` returns `NaN`. Since the header string is truthy (non-empty), the ternary takes the parseInt path rather than the exponential backoff fallback. `NaN * 1000` evaluates to `NaN`, and `setTimeout(r, NaN)` resolves immediately (~0ms, confirmed by testing). This causes rapid-fire retries (up to 5 iterations with zero delay) against a rate-limited API endpoint, wasting resources and potentially worsening the rate-limiting situation.
**Fix:**
Parse the integer first, then check if the result is NaN before using it. If NaN, fall back to exponential backoff with jitter. This matches the established pattern already used in `packages/world-vercel/src/utils.ts` (lines 309-315) where the same header is properly guarded with `!Number.isNaN(parsed)`.
```js
const retryAfterHeader = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const parsedRetryAfter = retryAfterHeader
? Number.parseInt(retryAfterHeader, 10)
: NaN;
const delay = !Number.isNaN(parsedRetryAfter)
? parsedRetryAfter * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Co-authored-by: Vercel <vercel[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: TooTallNate <n@n8.io>
With encryption enabled on the nextjs-turbopack workbench, CLI inspect
output shows encrypted data as placeholders. The e2e tests check for
actual output values, so they need --decrypt to see the real data.
The shared RetryAgent from getDispatcher() already handles 429/5xx
retries with exponential backoff and Retry-After header support.
The manual retry loop in fetchRunKey was redundant.
Also add changeset for the VERCEL=1 external context fix.
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@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious
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Skip to content

test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench - #1262

Merged
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack
Mar 9, 2026
Merged

test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench#1262
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack

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@TooTallNate

@TooTallNateTooTallNate commented Mar 4, 2026

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Summary

Enables e2e encryption on the nextjs-turbopack workbench project by setting VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in vercel.json.

Purpose

This triggers the e2e test suite to run with encryption enabled, which validates:

  • New workflow runs produce encrypted event data
  • Encrypted data is correctly decrypted during replay
  • Pre-encryption runs (from before this deployment) continue to work (backwards compatibility)
  • CLI --decrypt flag works against real encrypted data
  • Web UI Decrypt button works against real encrypted data

What happens

Once this PR's preview deployment is live:

  1. The e2e tests will automatically run against it (Vercel Production env)
  2. New workflow runs triggered by the tests will have encrypted payloads
  3. The test suite should pass — any failures indicate encryption regressions

Cleanup

This key should be removed after the encryption bugbash is complete.

Set VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to enable e2e encryption for the
nextjs-turbopack workbench project. This allows the e2e test
suite to exercise encrypted workflow runs alongside existing
unencrypted runs for backwards compatibility testing.
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate requested a review from a team as a code ownerMarch 4, 2026 21:47
CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings March 4, 2026 21:47
@vercel

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changeset-botBot commented Mar 4, 2026

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 2353fbc

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages
NameType
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/corePatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production538067605
✅ 💻 Local Development576084660
✅ 📦 Local Production576084660
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres576084660
✅ 🪟 Windows520355
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds1164915180
✅ 📋 Other138027165
Total2572493642985

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (49 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

  • webhookWorkflow

turso (48 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent)
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • importedStepOnlyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • parallelSleepWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
  • cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4807
✅ example4807
✅ express4807
✅ fastify4807
✅ hono4807
✅ nextjs-turbopack5302
✅ nextjs-webpack5302
✅ nitro4807
✅ nuxt4807
✅ sveltekit4807
✅ vite4807
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack5203
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev302
❌ mongodb5113
✅ redis-dev302
✅ redis5203
✅ turso-dev302
❌ turso4483
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4609

📋 View full workflow run

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro0.032s (-16.8% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress0.035s (+8.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.970s101.10x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)0.041s1.005s0.964s101.26x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.043s1.005s0.962s101.34x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.049s1.011s0.962s101.52x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.052s (~)1.010s (~)0.958s101.61x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.056s (+11.1% 🔺)1.012s (~)0.956s101.74x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.112s1.008s0.896s103.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro0.412s (-9.2% 🟢)2.058s (-5.2% 🟢)1.646s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.474s (+23.7% 🔺)1.985s (+16.1% 🔺)1.511s101.15x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)0.588s (+19.4% 🔺)2.088s (-2.6%)1.500s101.43x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro1.102s (~)2.005s (~)0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.103s2.005s0.902s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)1.104s2.007s0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress1.111s (+0.8%)2.006s (~)0.895s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.125s (+0.5%)2.018s (~)0.894s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.132s2.013s0.881s101.03x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.134s (+3.8%)2.013s (~)0.879s101.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)1.300s2.008s0.708s101.18x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.970s (-1.9%)3.132s (-13.7% 🟢)1.162s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.031s (+4.1%)3.476s (+17.0% 🔺)1.445s101.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.055s (-1.9%)3.352s (~)1.298s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)10.644s11.021s0.377s31.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)10.672s11.023s0.351s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.758s (~)11.022s (~)0.264s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)10.785s11.043s0.258s31.01x
💻 LocalExpress10.820s (~)11.023s (~)0.203s31.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.823s (~)11.039s (~)0.215s31.02x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.855s (+2.4%)11.041s (~)0.186s31.02x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)12.213s13.019s0.806s31.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro17.255s (-2.9%)18.206s (-3.3%)0.951s21.00x
▲ VercelExpress17.767s (+4.9%)19.655s (+10.9% 🔺)1.888s21.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)324.292s (+1810.9% 🔺)325.932s (+1654.9% 🔺)1.640s118.79x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)26.568s27.050s0.481s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)26.807s27.062s0.256s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro26.860s (-0.7%)27.060s (-2.4%)0.200s31.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)26.919s27.050s0.131s31.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress27.034s (+2.5%)27.393s (+1.2%)0.359s31.02x
💻 LocalNitro27.169s (~)28.052s (~)0.883s31.02x
💻 LocalExpress27.286s (~)28.051s (~)0.765s31.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)30.328s31.029s0.701s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express44.182s (+2.1%)45.375s (+2.2%)1.193s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)44.305s (-1.2%)45.251s (-2.6%)0.946s21.00x
▲ VercelNitro45.406s (~)46.879s (~)1.473s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)53.133s53.597s0.465s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)53.538s54.097s0.559s21.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro53.825s (~)54.097s (~)0.271s21.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.921s (+2.3%)54.105s (+1.9%)0.184s21.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)55.339s56.095s0.757s21.04x
💻 LocalNitro56.027s (~)56.100s (~)0.073s21.05x
💻 LocalExpress56.422s (~)57.103s (~)0.681s21.06x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)60.698s61.069s0.371s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro92.540s (-3.1%)94.201s (-3.0%)1.661s11.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)95.564s (+3.7%)97.175s (+4.1%)1.611s11.03x
▲ VercelExpress96.347s (-1.6%)98.291s (-0.9%)1.944s11.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.245s2.007s0.762s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.351s (~)2.010s (~)0.659s151.08x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.367s (+6.3% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.644s151.10x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.380s2.012s0.632s151.11x
💻 LocalNitro1.403s (-1.3%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.432s2.005s0.573s151.15x
💻 LocalExpress1.434s (~)2.005s (~)0.571s151.15x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.148s3.008s0.860s101.72x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.072s (-16.5% 🟢)3.179s (-16.4% 🟢)1.107s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.535s (+16.4% 🔺)3.782s (+20.3% 🔺)1.247s81.22x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.573s (+9.0% 🔺)3.555s (~)0.982s101.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express2.025s (+12.8% 🔺)2.597s (+20.6% 🔺)0.572s121.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.093s2.597s0.504s121.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.162s (+3.1%)2.746s (+5.6% 🔺)0.584s111.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.496s3.007s0.511s101.23x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.548s3.008s0.460s101.26x
💻 LocalExpress2.597s (-2.1%)3.008s (~)0.411s101.28x
💻 LocalNitro2.612s (~)3.007s (~)0.395s101.29x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.599s5.175s0.577s62.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.494s (-16.0% 🟢)3.619s (-15.9% 🟢)1.124s91.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.682s (+8.9% 🔺)4.125s (+26.0% 🔺)1.443s81.08x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.704s (+5.5% 🔺)3.570s (-0.6%)0.865s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)3.694s4.450s0.756s71.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress3.803s (+28.1% 🔺)4.451s (+10.8% 🔺)0.648s71.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.983s (+1.8%)4.740s (+3.0%)0.757s71.08x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.353s5.012s0.659s61.18x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)6.667s7.516s0.849s41.80x
💻 LocalExpress7.522s (-1.5%)8.019s (~)0.497s42.04x
💻 LocalNitro7.556s (-1.1%)8.021s (~)0.465s42.05x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)9.985s10.347s0.362s32.70x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.815s (-5.1% 🟢)3.916s (-4.4%)1.101s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.172s (+3.2%)4.210s (-3.1%)1.038s81.13x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.816s (+27.0% 🔺)4.873s (+12.3% 🔺)1.057s71.36x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.235s2.007s0.772s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.374s (-1.0%)2.012s (~)0.638s151.11x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.377s2.011s0.635s151.12x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.379s (+6.5% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.632s151.12x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.392s2.004s0.613s151.13x
💻 LocalNitro1.428s (~)2.006s (~)0.578s151.16x
💻 LocalExpress1.454s (+1.3%)2.005s (~)0.552s151.18x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.185s3.007s0.822s101.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.067s (-10.2% 🟢)3.119s (-15.5% 🟢)1.052s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.080s (-1.1%)3.585s (+9.3% 🔺)1.505s91.01x
▲ VercelNitro2.237s (+4.5%)3.568s (+4.6%)1.331s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Nitro1.976s (-4.3%)2.515s (-8.2% 🟢)0.539s121.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.990s (+16.5% 🔺)2.598s (+20.6% 🔺)0.609s121.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.015s2.513s0.498s121.02x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.533s3.008s0.476s101.28x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.575s3.009s0.434s101.30x
💻 LocalExpress2.715s (-2.0%)3.008s (~)0.293s101.37x
💻 LocalNitro2.760s (+1.6%)3.008s (~)0.248s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.793s5.177s0.384s62.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.386s (-13.9% 🟢)3.554s (-3.8%)1.168s91.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.509s (-6.9% 🟢)3.388s (-6.3% 🟢)0.879s91.05x
▲ VercelNitro3.112s (+28.8% 🔺)4.216s (+15.7% 🔺)1.104s81.30x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express3.589s (+29.6% 🔺)4.274s (+19.7% 🔺)0.684s81.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)3.779s4.593s0.814s71.05x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.927s (+13.9% 🔺)4.460s (+3.5%)0.533s71.09x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.205s5.012s0.807s61.17x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)7.981s8.516s0.535s42.22x
💻 LocalExpress8.094s (-3.9%)9.022s (~)0.928s42.25x
💻 LocalNitro8.152s (-1.0%)8.773s (-2.8%)0.620s42.27x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)10.049s10.350s0.300s32.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.742s (-21.3% 🟢)4.323s (-13.6% 🟢)1.581s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress3.019s (+5.3% 🔺)4.603s (+14.8% 🔺)1.583s71.10x
▲ VercelNitro3.096s (+10.5% 🔺)4.491s (+3.1%)1.395s71.13x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.137s1.002s0.011s1.017s0.880s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.152s1.000s0.002s1.008s0.856s101.11x
💻 LocalNitro0.168s (-1.5%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-0.9%)1.017s (~)0.849s101.23x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.177s1.001s0.002s1.014s0.837s101.29x
💻 LocalExpress0.178s (+3.7%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-1.7%)1.018s (~)0.840s101.30x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.184s (~)0.992s (~)0.001s (-14.3% 🟢)1.012s (~)0.828s101.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.192s (+41.9% 🔺)0.994s (-0.6%)0.001s (~)1.015s (~)0.823s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.489s0.953s0.002s1.009s0.520s103.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.442s (-6.1% 🟢)2.389s (+4.3%)0.150s (-6.4% 🟢)2.968s (+2.4%)1.526s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress1.682s (+12.8% 🔺)2.678s (+9.5% 🔺)0.119s (-20.2% 🟢)3.274s (+11.5% 🔺)1.592s101.17x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)1.865s (+16.5% 🔺)2.656s (+7.4% 🔺)0.133s (-72.4% 🟢)3.213s (-5.9% 🟢)1.348s101.29x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)9/12
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)6/12
▲ VercelNitro7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express🐘 Postgres6/12
Next.js (Turbopack)💻 Local4/12
Nitro🐘 Postgres6/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

Enables e2e encryption for the nextjs-turbopack workbench deployment by configuring VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in the Vercel project config so the test suite exercises encrypted payloads and decryption paths.

Changes:

  • Adds VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to the workbench’s vercel.json environment configuration.

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"env": {
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1"
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1",
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="

CopilotAIMar 4, 2026

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VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY looks like a sensitive deployment secret (used to derive encryption keys) but is being committed as a literal value in vercel.json. This exposes the key in git history and to anyone with repo access, and it will apply to every future deployment of this workbench. Please remove the hard-coded value and source it from Vercel-managed environment variables/secrets instead (e.g., configure it in the Vercel project/preview env, or reference a Vercel secret rather than inlining). Also rotate the key since it’s now been published in the PR diff.

Suggested change
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "@vercel-deployment-key"

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This is a false positive. The workbench/nextjs-turbopack project is a private test workbench used for e2e testing — it's not a production application. The key is intentionally committed as a test fixture so that CI deployments of this workbench exercise the encryption code paths. There's no security risk here since this key only protects test data in a test environment.

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It's temporary dude. Read the PR description.

Comment threadpackages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts Outdated
…eout(r, NaN)` to resolve immediately (0ms), triggering rapid-fire retries against a rate-limited API endpoint.
This commit fixes the issue reported at packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts:138
**Bug Analysis:**
In `packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts`, the `fetchRunKey` function handles HTTP 429 (rate limited) responses by reading the `retry-after` header and computing a delay. The original code was:
```js
const retryAfter = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const delay = retryAfter
? Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10) * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Per RFC 9110, the `Retry-After` header can contain either a number of seconds OR an HTTP date string (e.g., `"Wed, 21 Oct 2015 07:28:00 GMT"`). When the header contains a date string or any non-numeric value, `Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10)` returns `NaN`. Since the header string is truthy (non-empty), the ternary takes the parseInt path rather than the exponential backoff fallback. `NaN * 1000` evaluates to `NaN`, and `setTimeout(r, NaN)` resolves immediately (~0ms, confirmed by testing). This causes rapid-fire retries (up to 5 iterations with zero delay) against a rate-limited API endpoint, wasting resources and potentially worsening the rate-limiting situation.
**Fix:**
Parse the integer first, then check if the result is NaN before using it. If NaN, fall back to exponential backoff with jitter. This matches the established pattern already used in `packages/world-vercel/src/utils.ts` (lines 309-315) where the same header is properly guarded with `!Number.isNaN(parsed)`.
```js
const retryAfterHeader = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const parsedRetryAfter = retryAfterHeader
? Number.parseInt(retryAfterHeader, 10)
: NaN;
const delay = !Number.isNaN(parsedRetryAfter)
? parsedRetryAfter * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Co-authored-by: Vercel <vercel[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: TooTallNate <n@n8.io>
With encryption enabled on the nextjs-turbopack workbench, CLI inspect
output shows encrypted data as placeholders. The e2e tests check for
actual output values, so they need --decrypt to see the real data.
The shared RetryAgent from getDispatcher() already handles 429/5xx
retries with exponential backoff and Retry-After header support.
The manual retry loop in fetchRunKey was redundant.
Also add changeset for the VERCEL=1 external context fix.
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@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Force GitHub README to respect dark mode\n(function() {\n var style = document.createElement('style');\n style.textContent = '\n .markdown-body {\n color-scheme: dark light;\n }\n .markdown-body pre { background: #161b22 !important; }\n .markdown-body code { background: rgba(110, 118, 129, 0.4) !important; }\n .markdown-body table th, .markdown-body table td { border-color: #30363d !important; }\n .markdown-body img { background: #0d1117; }\n .markdown-body blockquote { border-left-color: #8b949e; }\n .markdown-body hr { border-color: #30363d; }\n ';\n document.head.appendChild(style);\n})();", "GitHub Dark Mode README Fix"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:GitHub Dark Mode README Fix]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
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test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench - #1262

Merged
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack
Mar 9, 2026
Merged

test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench#1262
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack

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@TooTallNate

@TooTallNateTooTallNate commented Mar 4, 2026

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Summary

Enables e2e encryption on the nextjs-turbopack workbench project by setting VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in vercel.json.

Purpose

This triggers the e2e test suite to run with encryption enabled, which validates:

  • New workflow runs produce encrypted event data
  • Encrypted data is correctly decrypted during replay
  • Pre-encryption runs (from before this deployment) continue to work (backwards compatibility)
  • CLI --decrypt flag works against real encrypted data
  • Web UI Decrypt button works against real encrypted data

What happens

Once this PR's preview deployment is live:

  1. The e2e tests will automatically run against it (Vercel Production env)
  2. New workflow runs triggered by the tests will have encrypted payloads
  3. The test suite should pass — any failures indicate encryption regressions

Cleanup

This key should be removed after the encryption bugbash is complete.

Set VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to enable e2e encryption for the
nextjs-turbopack workbench project. This allows the e2e test
suite to exercise encrypted workflow runs alongside existing
unencrypted runs for backwards compatibility testing.
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate requested a review from a team as a code ownerMarch 4, 2026 21:47
CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings March 4, 2026 21:47
@vercel

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changeset-botBot commented Mar 4, 2026

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 2353fbc

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages
NameType
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/corePatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production538067605
✅ 💻 Local Development576084660
✅ 📦 Local Production576084660
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres576084660
✅ 🪟 Windows520355
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds1164915180
✅ 📋 Other138027165
Total2572493642985

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (49 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

  • webhookWorkflow

turso (48 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent)
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • importedStepOnlyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • parallelSleepWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
  • cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4807
✅ example4807
✅ express4807
✅ fastify4807
✅ hono4807
✅ nextjs-turbopack5302
✅ nextjs-webpack5302
✅ nitro4807
✅ nuxt4807
✅ sveltekit4807
✅ vite4807
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack5203
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev302
❌ mongodb5113
✅ redis-dev302
✅ redis5203
✅ turso-dev302
❌ turso4483
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4609

📋 View full workflow run

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro0.032s (-16.8% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress0.035s (+8.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.970s101.10x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)0.041s1.005s0.964s101.26x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.043s1.005s0.962s101.34x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.049s1.011s0.962s101.52x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.052s (~)1.010s (~)0.958s101.61x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.056s (+11.1% 🔺)1.012s (~)0.956s101.74x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.112s1.008s0.896s103.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro0.412s (-9.2% 🟢)2.058s (-5.2% 🟢)1.646s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.474s (+23.7% 🔺)1.985s (+16.1% 🔺)1.511s101.15x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)0.588s (+19.4% 🔺)2.088s (-2.6%)1.500s101.43x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro1.102s (~)2.005s (~)0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.103s2.005s0.902s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)1.104s2.007s0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress1.111s (+0.8%)2.006s (~)0.895s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.125s (+0.5%)2.018s (~)0.894s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.132s2.013s0.881s101.03x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.134s (+3.8%)2.013s (~)0.879s101.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)1.300s2.008s0.708s101.18x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.970s (-1.9%)3.132s (-13.7% 🟢)1.162s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.031s (+4.1%)3.476s (+17.0% 🔺)1.445s101.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.055s (-1.9%)3.352s (~)1.298s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)10.644s11.021s0.377s31.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)10.672s11.023s0.351s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.758s (~)11.022s (~)0.264s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)10.785s11.043s0.258s31.01x
💻 LocalExpress10.820s (~)11.023s (~)0.203s31.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.823s (~)11.039s (~)0.215s31.02x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.855s (+2.4%)11.041s (~)0.186s31.02x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)12.213s13.019s0.806s31.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro17.255s (-2.9%)18.206s (-3.3%)0.951s21.00x
▲ VercelExpress17.767s (+4.9%)19.655s (+10.9% 🔺)1.888s21.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)324.292s (+1810.9% 🔺)325.932s (+1654.9% 🔺)1.640s118.79x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)26.568s27.050s0.481s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)26.807s27.062s0.256s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro26.860s (-0.7%)27.060s (-2.4%)0.200s31.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)26.919s27.050s0.131s31.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress27.034s (+2.5%)27.393s (+1.2%)0.359s31.02x
💻 LocalNitro27.169s (~)28.052s (~)0.883s31.02x
💻 LocalExpress27.286s (~)28.051s (~)0.765s31.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)30.328s31.029s0.701s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express44.182s (+2.1%)45.375s (+2.2%)1.193s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)44.305s (-1.2%)45.251s (-2.6%)0.946s21.00x
▲ VercelNitro45.406s (~)46.879s (~)1.473s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)53.133s53.597s0.465s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)53.538s54.097s0.559s21.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro53.825s (~)54.097s (~)0.271s21.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.921s (+2.3%)54.105s (+1.9%)0.184s21.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)55.339s56.095s0.757s21.04x
💻 LocalNitro56.027s (~)56.100s (~)0.073s21.05x
💻 LocalExpress56.422s (~)57.103s (~)0.681s21.06x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)60.698s61.069s0.371s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro92.540s (-3.1%)94.201s (-3.0%)1.661s11.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)95.564s (+3.7%)97.175s (+4.1%)1.611s11.03x
▲ VercelExpress96.347s (-1.6%)98.291s (-0.9%)1.944s11.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.245s2.007s0.762s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.351s (~)2.010s (~)0.659s151.08x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.367s (+6.3% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.644s151.10x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.380s2.012s0.632s151.11x
💻 LocalNitro1.403s (-1.3%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.432s2.005s0.573s151.15x
💻 LocalExpress1.434s (~)2.005s (~)0.571s151.15x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.148s3.008s0.860s101.72x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.072s (-16.5% 🟢)3.179s (-16.4% 🟢)1.107s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.535s (+16.4% 🔺)3.782s (+20.3% 🔺)1.247s81.22x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.573s (+9.0% 🔺)3.555s (~)0.982s101.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express2.025s (+12.8% 🔺)2.597s (+20.6% 🔺)0.572s121.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.093s2.597s0.504s121.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.162s (+3.1%)2.746s (+5.6% 🔺)0.584s111.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.496s3.007s0.511s101.23x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.548s3.008s0.460s101.26x
💻 LocalExpress2.597s (-2.1%)3.008s (~)0.411s101.28x
💻 LocalNitro2.612s (~)3.007s (~)0.395s101.29x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.599s5.175s0.577s62.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.494s (-16.0% 🟢)3.619s (-15.9% 🟢)1.124s91.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.682s (+8.9% 🔺)4.125s (+26.0% 🔺)1.443s81.08x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.704s (+5.5% 🔺)3.570s (-0.6%)0.865s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)3.694s4.450s0.756s71.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress3.803s (+28.1% 🔺)4.451s (+10.8% 🔺)0.648s71.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.983s (+1.8%)4.740s (+3.0%)0.757s71.08x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.353s5.012s0.659s61.18x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)6.667s7.516s0.849s41.80x
💻 LocalExpress7.522s (-1.5%)8.019s (~)0.497s42.04x
💻 LocalNitro7.556s (-1.1%)8.021s (~)0.465s42.05x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)9.985s10.347s0.362s32.70x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.815s (-5.1% 🟢)3.916s (-4.4%)1.101s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.172s (+3.2%)4.210s (-3.1%)1.038s81.13x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.816s (+27.0% 🔺)4.873s (+12.3% 🔺)1.057s71.36x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.235s2.007s0.772s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.374s (-1.0%)2.012s (~)0.638s151.11x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.377s2.011s0.635s151.12x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.379s (+6.5% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.632s151.12x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.392s2.004s0.613s151.13x
💻 LocalNitro1.428s (~)2.006s (~)0.578s151.16x
💻 LocalExpress1.454s (+1.3%)2.005s (~)0.552s151.18x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.185s3.007s0.822s101.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.067s (-10.2% 🟢)3.119s (-15.5% 🟢)1.052s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.080s (-1.1%)3.585s (+9.3% 🔺)1.505s91.01x
▲ VercelNitro2.237s (+4.5%)3.568s (+4.6%)1.331s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Nitro1.976s (-4.3%)2.515s (-8.2% 🟢)0.539s121.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.990s (+16.5% 🔺)2.598s (+20.6% 🔺)0.609s121.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.015s2.513s0.498s121.02x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.533s3.008s0.476s101.28x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.575s3.009s0.434s101.30x
💻 LocalExpress2.715s (-2.0%)3.008s (~)0.293s101.37x
💻 LocalNitro2.760s (+1.6%)3.008s (~)0.248s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.793s5.177s0.384s62.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.386s (-13.9% 🟢)3.554s (-3.8%)1.168s91.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.509s (-6.9% 🟢)3.388s (-6.3% 🟢)0.879s91.05x
▲ VercelNitro3.112s (+28.8% 🔺)4.216s (+15.7% 🔺)1.104s81.30x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express3.589s (+29.6% 🔺)4.274s (+19.7% 🔺)0.684s81.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)3.779s4.593s0.814s71.05x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.927s (+13.9% 🔺)4.460s (+3.5%)0.533s71.09x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.205s5.012s0.807s61.17x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)7.981s8.516s0.535s42.22x
💻 LocalExpress8.094s (-3.9%)9.022s (~)0.928s42.25x
💻 LocalNitro8.152s (-1.0%)8.773s (-2.8%)0.620s42.27x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)10.049s10.350s0.300s32.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.742s (-21.3% 🟢)4.323s (-13.6% 🟢)1.581s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress3.019s (+5.3% 🔺)4.603s (+14.8% 🔺)1.583s71.10x
▲ VercelNitro3.096s (+10.5% 🔺)4.491s (+3.1%)1.395s71.13x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.137s1.002s0.011s1.017s0.880s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.152s1.000s0.002s1.008s0.856s101.11x
💻 LocalNitro0.168s (-1.5%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-0.9%)1.017s (~)0.849s101.23x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.177s1.001s0.002s1.014s0.837s101.29x
💻 LocalExpress0.178s (+3.7%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-1.7%)1.018s (~)0.840s101.30x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.184s (~)0.992s (~)0.001s (-14.3% 🟢)1.012s (~)0.828s101.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.192s (+41.9% 🔺)0.994s (-0.6%)0.001s (~)1.015s (~)0.823s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.489s0.953s0.002s1.009s0.520s103.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.442s (-6.1% 🟢)2.389s (+4.3%)0.150s (-6.4% 🟢)2.968s (+2.4%)1.526s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress1.682s (+12.8% 🔺)2.678s (+9.5% 🔺)0.119s (-20.2% 🟢)3.274s (+11.5% 🔺)1.592s101.17x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)1.865s (+16.5% 🔺)2.656s (+7.4% 🔺)0.133s (-72.4% 🟢)3.213s (-5.9% 🟢)1.348s101.29x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)9/12
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)6/12
▲ VercelNitro7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express🐘 Postgres6/12
Next.js (Turbopack)💻 Local4/12
Nitro🐘 Postgres6/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

Enables e2e encryption for the nextjs-turbopack workbench deployment by configuring VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in the Vercel project config so the test suite exercises encrypted payloads and decryption paths.

Changes:

  • Adds VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to the workbench’s vercel.json environment configuration.

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"env": {
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1"
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1",
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="

CopilotAIMar 4, 2026

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VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY looks like a sensitive deployment secret (used to derive encryption keys) but is being committed as a literal value in vercel.json. This exposes the key in git history and to anyone with repo access, and it will apply to every future deployment of this workbench. Please remove the hard-coded value and source it from Vercel-managed environment variables/secrets instead (e.g., configure it in the Vercel project/preview env, or reference a Vercel secret rather than inlining). Also rotate the key since it’s now been published in the PR diff.

Suggested change
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "@vercel-deployment-key"

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This is a false positive. The workbench/nextjs-turbopack project is a private test workbench used for e2e testing — it's not a production application. The key is intentionally committed as a test fixture so that CI deployments of this workbench exercise the encryption code paths. There's no security risk here since this key only protects test data in a test environment.

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It's temporary dude. Read the PR description.

Comment threadpackages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts Outdated
…eout(r, NaN)` to resolve immediately (0ms), triggering rapid-fire retries against a rate-limited API endpoint.
This commit fixes the issue reported at packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts:138
**Bug Analysis:**
In `packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts`, the `fetchRunKey` function handles HTTP 429 (rate limited) responses by reading the `retry-after` header and computing a delay. The original code was:
```js
const retryAfter = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const delay = retryAfter
? Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10) * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Per RFC 9110, the `Retry-After` header can contain either a number of seconds OR an HTTP date string (e.g., `"Wed, 21 Oct 2015 07:28:00 GMT"`). When the header contains a date string or any non-numeric value, `Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10)` returns `NaN`. Since the header string is truthy (non-empty), the ternary takes the parseInt path rather than the exponential backoff fallback. `NaN * 1000` evaluates to `NaN`, and `setTimeout(r, NaN)` resolves immediately (~0ms, confirmed by testing). This causes rapid-fire retries (up to 5 iterations with zero delay) against a rate-limited API endpoint, wasting resources and potentially worsening the rate-limiting situation.
**Fix:**
Parse the integer first, then check if the result is NaN before using it. If NaN, fall back to exponential backoff with jitter. This matches the established pattern already used in `packages/world-vercel/src/utils.ts` (lines 309-315) where the same header is properly guarded with `!Number.isNaN(parsed)`.
```js
const retryAfterHeader = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const parsedRetryAfter = retryAfterHeader
? Number.parseInt(retryAfterHeader, 10)
: NaN;
const delay = !Number.isNaN(parsedRetryAfter)
? parsedRetryAfter * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Co-authored-by: Vercel <vercel[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: TooTallNate <n@n8.io>
With encryption enabled on the nextjs-turbopack workbench, CLI inspect
output shows encrypted data as placeholders. The e2e tests check for
actual output values, so they need --decrypt to see the real data.
The shared RetryAgent from getDispatcher() already handles 429/5xx
retries with exponential backoff and Retry-After header support.
The manual retry loop in fetchRunKey was redundant.
Also add changeset for the VERCEL=1 external context fix.
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@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Highlight search terms from Google/DuckDuckGo/Bing referrer\n(function() {\n var ref = document.referrer;\n var terms = [];\n \n if (ref.includes('google.com') || ref.includes('duckduckgo.com') || ref.includes('bing.com')) {\n var url = new URL(ref);\n var q = url.searchParams.get('q') || url.searchParams.get('p');\n if (q) {\n terms = q.split(/\\s+/).filter(function(t) { return t.length > 2; });\n }\n }\n \n if (terms.length === 0) return;\n \n var style = document.createElement('style');\n style.textContent = '.userscript-highlight { background: #fbbf24; color: #1a1a2e; padding: 1px 3px; border-radius: 2px; }';\n document.head.appendChild(style);\n \n function highlight(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 3) { // text node\n var text = node.textContent;\n var found = false;\n terms.forEach(function(term) {\n var regex = new RegExp('(' + term.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\\]\\\\]/g, '\\\\') + ')', 'gi');\n if (regex.test(text)) {\n found = true;\n var frag = document.createDocumentFragment();\n var parts = text.split(regex);\n parts.forEach(function(part, i) {\n if (i % 2 === 0) {\n frag.appendChild(document.createTextNode(part));\n } else {\n var span = document.createElement('span');\n span.className = 'userscript-highlight';\n span.textContent = part;\n frag.appendChild(span);\n }\n });\n node.parentNode.replaceChild(frag, node);\n }\n });\n } else if (node.nodeType === 1 && node.childNodes) { // element\n var skipTags = ['SCRIPT', 'STYLE', 'NOSCRIPT', 'TEXTAREA', 'INPUT', 'SELECT'];\n if (!skipTags.includes(node.tagName)) {\n Array.from(node.childNodes).forEach(highlight);\n }\n }\n }\n \n highlight(document.body);\n \n // Re-highlight on dynamic content\n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n mutations.forEach(function(m) {\n m.addedNodes.forEach(function(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 1 || node.nodeType === 3) highlight(node);\n });\n });\n });\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "Highlight Search Terms"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Highlight Search Terms]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
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test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench - #1262

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TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
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nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack
Mar 9, 2026
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test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench#1262
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack

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@TooTallNate

@TooTallNateTooTallNate commented Mar 4, 2026

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Summary

Enables e2e encryption on the nextjs-turbopack workbench project by setting VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in vercel.json.

Purpose

This triggers the e2e test suite to run with encryption enabled, which validates:

  • New workflow runs produce encrypted event data
  • Encrypted data is correctly decrypted during replay
  • Pre-encryption runs (from before this deployment) continue to work (backwards compatibility)
  • CLI --decrypt flag works against real encrypted data
  • Web UI Decrypt button works against real encrypted data

What happens

Once this PR's preview deployment is live:

  1. The e2e tests will automatically run against it (Vercel Production env)
  2. New workflow runs triggered by the tests will have encrypted payloads
  3. The test suite should pass — any failures indicate encryption regressions

Cleanup

This key should be removed after the encryption bugbash is complete.

Set VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to enable e2e encryption for the
nextjs-turbopack workbench project. This allows the e2e test
suite to exercise encrypted workflow runs alongside existing
unencrypted runs for backwards compatibility testing.
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate requested a review from a team as a code ownerMarch 4, 2026 21:47
CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings March 4, 2026 21:47
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changeset-botBot commented Mar 4, 2026

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 2353fbc

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages
NameType
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/corePatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production538067605
✅ 💻 Local Development576084660
✅ 📦 Local Production576084660
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres576084660
✅ 🪟 Windows520355
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds1164915180
✅ 📋 Other138027165
Total2572493642985

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (49 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

  • webhookWorkflow

turso (48 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent)
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • importedStepOnlyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • parallelSleepWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
  • cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4807
✅ example4807
✅ express4807
✅ fastify4807
✅ hono4807
✅ nextjs-turbopack5302
✅ nextjs-webpack5302
✅ nitro4807
✅ nuxt4807
✅ sveltekit4807
✅ vite4807
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack5203
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev302
❌ mongodb5113
✅ redis-dev302
✅ redis5203
✅ turso-dev302
❌ turso4483
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4609

📋 View full workflow run

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro0.032s (-16.8% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress0.035s (+8.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.970s101.10x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)0.041s1.005s0.964s101.26x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.043s1.005s0.962s101.34x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.049s1.011s0.962s101.52x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.052s (~)1.010s (~)0.958s101.61x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.056s (+11.1% 🔺)1.012s (~)0.956s101.74x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.112s1.008s0.896s103.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro0.412s (-9.2% 🟢)2.058s (-5.2% 🟢)1.646s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.474s (+23.7% 🔺)1.985s (+16.1% 🔺)1.511s101.15x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)0.588s (+19.4% 🔺)2.088s (-2.6%)1.500s101.43x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro1.102s (~)2.005s (~)0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.103s2.005s0.902s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)1.104s2.007s0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress1.111s (+0.8%)2.006s (~)0.895s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.125s (+0.5%)2.018s (~)0.894s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.132s2.013s0.881s101.03x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.134s (+3.8%)2.013s (~)0.879s101.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)1.300s2.008s0.708s101.18x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.970s (-1.9%)3.132s (-13.7% 🟢)1.162s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.031s (+4.1%)3.476s (+17.0% 🔺)1.445s101.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.055s (-1.9%)3.352s (~)1.298s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)10.644s11.021s0.377s31.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)10.672s11.023s0.351s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.758s (~)11.022s (~)0.264s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)10.785s11.043s0.258s31.01x
💻 LocalExpress10.820s (~)11.023s (~)0.203s31.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.823s (~)11.039s (~)0.215s31.02x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.855s (+2.4%)11.041s (~)0.186s31.02x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)12.213s13.019s0.806s31.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro17.255s (-2.9%)18.206s (-3.3%)0.951s21.00x
▲ VercelExpress17.767s (+4.9%)19.655s (+10.9% 🔺)1.888s21.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)324.292s (+1810.9% 🔺)325.932s (+1654.9% 🔺)1.640s118.79x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)26.568s27.050s0.481s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)26.807s27.062s0.256s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro26.860s (-0.7%)27.060s (-2.4%)0.200s31.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)26.919s27.050s0.131s31.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress27.034s (+2.5%)27.393s (+1.2%)0.359s31.02x
💻 LocalNitro27.169s (~)28.052s (~)0.883s31.02x
💻 LocalExpress27.286s (~)28.051s (~)0.765s31.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)30.328s31.029s0.701s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express44.182s (+2.1%)45.375s (+2.2%)1.193s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)44.305s (-1.2%)45.251s (-2.6%)0.946s21.00x
▲ VercelNitro45.406s (~)46.879s (~)1.473s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)53.133s53.597s0.465s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)53.538s54.097s0.559s21.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro53.825s (~)54.097s (~)0.271s21.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.921s (+2.3%)54.105s (+1.9%)0.184s21.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)55.339s56.095s0.757s21.04x
💻 LocalNitro56.027s (~)56.100s (~)0.073s21.05x
💻 LocalExpress56.422s (~)57.103s (~)0.681s21.06x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)60.698s61.069s0.371s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro92.540s (-3.1%)94.201s (-3.0%)1.661s11.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)95.564s (+3.7%)97.175s (+4.1%)1.611s11.03x
▲ VercelExpress96.347s (-1.6%)98.291s (-0.9%)1.944s11.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.245s2.007s0.762s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.351s (~)2.010s (~)0.659s151.08x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.367s (+6.3% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.644s151.10x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.380s2.012s0.632s151.11x
💻 LocalNitro1.403s (-1.3%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.432s2.005s0.573s151.15x
💻 LocalExpress1.434s (~)2.005s (~)0.571s151.15x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.148s3.008s0.860s101.72x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.072s (-16.5% 🟢)3.179s (-16.4% 🟢)1.107s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.535s (+16.4% 🔺)3.782s (+20.3% 🔺)1.247s81.22x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.573s (+9.0% 🔺)3.555s (~)0.982s101.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express2.025s (+12.8% 🔺)2.597s (+20.6% 🔺)0.572s121.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.093s2.597s0.504s121.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.162s (+3.1%)2.746s (+5.6% 🔺)0.584s111.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.496s3.007s0.511s101.23x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.548s3.008s0.460s101.26x
💻 LocalExpress2.597s (-2.1%)3.008s (~)0.411s101.28x
💻 LocalNitro2.612s (~)3.007s (~)0.395s101.29x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.599s5.175s0.577s62.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.494s (-16.0% 🟢)3.619s (-15.9% 🟢)1.124s91.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.682s (+8.9% 🔺)4.125s (+26.0% 🔺)1.443s81.08x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.704s (+5.5% 🔺)3.570s (-0.6%)0.865s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)3.694s4.450s0.756s71.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress3.803s (+28.1% 🔺)4.451s (+10.8% 🔺)0.648s71.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.983s (+1.8%)4.740s (+3.0%)0.757s71.08x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.353s5.012s0.659s61.18x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)6.667s7.516s0.849s41.80x
💻 LocalExpress7.522s (-1.5%)8.019s (~)0.497s42.04x
💻 LocalNitro7.556s (-1.1%)8.021s (~)0.465s42.05x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)9.985s10.347s0.362s32.70x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.815s (-5.1% 🟢)3.916s (-4.4%)1.101s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.172s (+3.2%)4.210s (-3.1%)1.038s81.13x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.816s (+27.0% 🔺)4.873s (+12.3% 🔺)1.057s71.36x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.235s2.007s0.772s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.374s (-1.0%)2.012s (~)0.638s151.11x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.377s2.011s0.635s151.12x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.379s (+6.5% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.632s151.12x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.392s2.004s0.613s151.13x
💻 LocalNitro1.428s (~)2.006s (~)0.578s151.16x
💻 LocalExpress1.454s (+1.3%)2.005s (~)0.552s151.18x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.185s3.007s0.822s101.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.067s (-10.2% 🟢)3.119s (-15.5% 🟢)1.052s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.080s (-1.1%)3.585s (+9.3% 🔺)1.505s91.01x
▲ VercelNitro2.237s (+4.5%)3.568s (+4.6%)1.331s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Nitro1.976s (-4.3%)2.515s (-8.2% 🟢)0.539s121.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.990s (+16.5% 🔺)2.598s (+20.6% 🔺)0.609s121.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.015s2.513s0.498s121.02x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.533s3.008s0.476s101.28x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.575s3.009s0.434s101.30x
💻 LocalExpress2.715s (-2.0%)3.008s (~)0.293s101.37x
💻 LocalNitro2.760s (+1.6%)3.008s (~)0.248s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.793s5.177s0.384s62.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.386s (-13.9% 🟢)3.554s (-3.8%)1.168s91.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.509s (-6.9% 🟢)3.388s (-6.3% 🟢)0.879s91.05x
▲ VercelNitro3.112s (+28.8% 🔺)4.216s (+15.7% 🔺)1.104s81.30x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express3.589s (+29.6% 🔺)4.274s (+19.7% 🔺)0.684s81.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)3.779s4.593s0.814s71.05x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.927s (+13.9% 🔺)4.460s (+3.5%)0.533s71.09x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.205s5.012s0.807s61.17x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)7.981s8.516s0.535s42.22x
💻 LocalExpress8.094s (-3.9%)9.022s (~)0.928s42.25x
💻 LocalNitro8.152s (-1.0%)8.773s (-2.8%)0.620s42.27x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)10.049s10.350s0.300s32.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.742s (-21.3% 🟢)4.323s (-13.6% 🟢)1.581s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress3.019s (+5.3% 🔺)4.603s (+14.8% 🔺)1.583s71.10x
▲ VercelNitro3.096s (+10.5% 🔺)4.491s (+3.1%)1.395s71.13x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.137s1.002s0.011s1.017s0.880s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.152s1.000s0.002s1.008s0.856s101.11x
💻 LocalNitro0.168s (-1.5%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-0.9%)1.017s (~)0.849s101.23x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.177s1.001s0.002s1.014s0.837s101.29x
💻 LocalExpress0.178s (+3.7%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-1.7%)1.018s (~)0.840s101.30x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.184s (~)0.992s (~)0.001s (-14.3% 🟢)1.012s (~)0.828s101.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.192s (+41.9% 🔺)0.994s (-0.6%)0.001s (~)1.015s (~)0.823s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.489s0.953s0.002s1.009s0.520s103.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.442s (-6.1% 🟢)2.389s (+4.3%)0.150s (-6.4% 🟢)2.968s (+2.4%)1.526s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress1.682s (+12.8% 🔺)2.678s (+9.5% 🔺)0.119s (-20.2% 🟢)3.274s (+11.5% 🔺)1.592s101.17x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)1.865s (+16.5% 🔺)2.656s (+7.4% 🔺)0.133s (-72.4% 🟢)3.213s (-5.9% 🟢)1.348s101.29x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)9/12
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)6/12
▲ VercelNitro7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express🐘 Postgres6/12
Next.js (Turbopack)💻 Local4/12
Nitro🐘 Postgres6/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

Enables e2e encryption for the nextjs-turbopack workbench deployment by configuring VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in the Vercel project config so the test suite exercises encrypted payloads and decryption paths.

Changes:

  • Adds VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to the workbench’s vercel.json environment configuration.

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"env": {
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1"
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1",
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="

CopilotAIMar 4, 2026

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VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY looks like a sensitive deployment secret (used to derive encryption keys) but is being committed as a literal value in vercel.json. This exposes the key in git history and to anyone with repo access, and it will apply to every future deployment of this workbench. Please remove the hard-coded value and source it from Vercel-managed environment variables/secrets instead (e.g., configure it in the Vercel project/preview env, or reference a Vercel secret rather than inlining). Also rotate the key since it’s now been published in the PR diff.

Suggested change
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "@vercel-deployment-key"

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This is a false positive. The workbench/nextjs-turbopack project is a private test workbench used for e2e testing — it's not a production application. The key is intentionally committed as a test fixture so that CI deployments of this workbench exercise the encryption code paths. There's no security risk here since this key only protects test data in a test environment.

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It's temporary dude. Read the PR description.

Comment threadpackages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts Outdated
…eout(r, NaN)` to resolve immediately (0ms), triggering rapid-fire retries against a rate-limited API endpoint.
This commit fixes the issue reported at packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts:138
**Bug Analysis:**
In `packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts`, the `fetchRunKey` function handles HTTP 429 (rate limited) responses by reading the `retry-after` header and computing a delay. The original code was:
```js
const retryAfter = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const delay = retryAfter
? Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10) * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Per RFC 9110, the `Retry-After` header can contain either a number of seconds OR an HTTP date string (e.g., `"Wed, 21 Oct 2015 07:28:00 GMT"`). When the header contains a date string or any non-numeric value, `Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10)` returns `NaN`. Since the header string is truthy (non-empty), the ternary takes the parseInt path rather than the exponential backoff fallback. `NaN * 1000` evaluates to `NaN`, and `setTimeout(r, NaN)` resolves immediately (~0ms, confirmed by testing). This causes rapid-fire retries (up to 5 iterations with zero delay) against a rate-limited API endpoint, wasting resources and potentially worsening the rate-limiting situation.
**Fix:**
Parse the integer first, then check if the result is NaN before using it. If NaN, fall back to exponential backoff with jitter. This matches the established pattern already used in `packages/world-vercel/src/utils.ts` (lines 309-315) where the same header is properly guarded with `!Number.isNaN(parsed)`.
```js
const retryAfterHeader = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const parsedRetryAfter = retryAfterHeader
? Number.parseInt(retryAfterHeader, 10)
: NaN;
const delay = !Number.isNaN(parsedRetryAfter)
? parsedRetryAfter * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Co-authored-by: Vercel <vercel[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: TooTallNate <n@n8.io>
With encryption enabled on the nextjs-turbopack workbench, CLI inspect
output shows encrypted data as placeholders. The e2e tests check for
actual output values, so they need --decrypt to see the real data.
The shared RetryAgent from getDispatcher() already handles 429/5xx
retries with exponential backoff and Retry-After header support.
The manual retry loop in fetchRunKey was redundant.
Also add changeset for the VERCEL=1 external context fix.
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3 participants

@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Strip utm_, fbclid, gclid, etc. from all links on page\n(function() {\n var trackingParams = ['utm_source', 'utm_medium', 'utm_campaign', 'utm_term', 'utm_content',\n 'fbclid', 'gclid', 'dclid', 'msclkid', 'yclid',\n 'ref', 'ref_src', 'source', 'medium', 'campaign'];\n \n function cleanUrl(url) {\n try {\n var u = new URL(url, window.location.origin);\n var changed = false;\n trackingParams.forEach(function(p) {\n if (u.searchParams.has(p)) {\n u.searchParams.delete(p);\n changed = true;\n }\n });\n return changed ? u.toString() : url;\n } catch (e) {\n return url;\n }\n }\n \n function cleanLinks() {\n document.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a) {\n var clean = cleanUrl(a.href);\n if (clean !== a.href) a.href = clean;\n });\n }\n \n cleanLinks();\n \n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n mutations.forEach(function(m) {\n m.addedNodes.forEach(function(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 1) {\n if (node.tagName === 'A') cleanLinks();\n node.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a) {\n var clean = cleanUrl(a.href);\n if (clean !== a.href) a.href = clean;\n });\n }\n });\n });\n });\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "Remove Tracking Parameters from Links"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Remove Tracking Parameters from Links]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "youtube.com"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + "youtube\\.com" + '
Skip to content

test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench - #1262

Merged
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack
Mar 9, 2026
Merged

test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench#1262
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack

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@TooTallNate

@TooTallNateTooTallNate commented Mar 4, 2026

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Summary

Enables e2e encryption on the nextjs-turbopack workbench project by setting VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in vercel.json.

Purpose

This triggers the e2e test suite to run with encryption enabled, which validates:

  • New workflow runs produce encrypted event data
  • Encrypted data is correctly decrypted during replay
  • Pre-encryption runs (from before this deployment) continue to work (backwards compatibility)
  • CLI --decrypt flag works against real encrypted data
  • Web UI Decrypt button works against real encrypted data

What happens

Once this PR's preview deployment is live:

  1. The e2e tests will automatically run against it (Vercel Production env)
  2. New workflow runs triggered by the tests will have encrypted payloads
  3. The test suite should pass — any failures indicate encryption regressions

Cleanup

This key should be removed after the encryption bugbash is complete.

Set VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to enable e2e encryption for the
nextjs-turbopack workbench project. This allows the e2e test
suite to exercise encrypted workflow runs alongside existing
unencrypted runs for backwards compatibility testing.
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate requested a review from a team as a code ownerMarch 4, 2026 21:47
CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings March 4, 2026 21:47
@vercel

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changeset-botBot commented Mar 4, 2026

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 2353fbc

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages
NameType
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/corePatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production538067605
✅ 💻 Local Development576084660
✅ 📦 Local Production576084660
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres576084660
✅ 🪟 Windows520355
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds1164915180
✅ 📋 Other138027165
Total2572493642985

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (49 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

  • webhookWorkflow

turso (48 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent)
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • importedStepOnlyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • parallelSleepWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
  • cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4807
✅ example4807
✅ express4807
✅ fastify4807
✅ hono4807
✅ nextjs-turbopack5302
✅ nextjs-webpack5302
✅ nitro4807
✅ nuxt4807
✅ sveltekit4807
✅ vite4807
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack5203
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev302
❌ mongodb5113
✅ redis-dev302
✅ redis5203
✅ turso-dev302
❌ turso4483
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4609

📋 View full workflow run

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro0.032s (-16.8% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress0.035s (+8.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.970s101.10x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)0.041s1.005s0.964s101.26x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.043s1.005s0.962s101.34x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.049s1.011s0.962s101.52x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.052s (~)1.010s (~)0.958s101.61x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.056s (+11.1% 🔺)1.012s (~)0.956s101.74x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.112s1.008s0.896s103.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro0.412s (-9.2% 🟢)2.058s (-5.2% 🟢)1.646s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.474s (+23.7% 🔺)1.985s (+16.1% 🔺)1.511s101.15x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)0.588s (+19.4% 🔺)2.088s (-2.6%)1.500s101.43x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro1.102s (~)2.005s (~)0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.103s2.005s0.902s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)1.104s2.007s0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress1.111s (+0.8%)2.006s (~)0.895s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.125s (+0.5%)2.018s (~)0.894s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.132s2.013s0.881s101.03x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.134s (+3.8%)2.013s (~)0.879s101.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)1.300s2.008s0.708s101.18x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.970s (-1.9%)3.132s (-13.7% 🟢)1.162s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.031s (+4.1%)3.476s (+17.0% 🔺)1.445s101.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.055s (-1.9%)3.352s (~)1.298s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)10.644s11.021s0.377s31.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)10.672s11.023s0.351s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.758s (~)11.022s (~)0.264s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)10.785s11.043s0.258s31.01x
💻 LocalExpress10.820s (~)11.023s (~)0.203s31.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.823s (~)11.039s (~)0.215s31.02x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.855s (+2.4%)11.041s (~)0.186s31.02x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)12.213s13.019s0.806s31.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro17.255s (-2.9%)18.206s (-3.3%)0.951s21.00x
▲ VercelExpress17.767s (+4.9%)19.655s (+10.9% 🔺)1.888s21.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)324.292s (+1810.9% 🔺)325.932s (+1654.9% 🔺)1.640s118.79x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)26.568s27.050s0.481s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)26.807s27.062s0.256s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro26.860s (-0.7%)27.060s (-2.4%)0.200s31.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)26.919s27.050s0.131s31.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress27.034s (+2.5%)27.393s (+1.2%)0.359s31.02x
💻 LocalNitro27.169s (~)28.052s (~)0.883s31.02x
💻 LocalExpress27.286s (~)28.051s (~)0.765s31.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)30.328s31.029s0.701s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express44.182s (+2.1%)45.375s (+2.2%)1.193s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)44.305s (-1.2%)45.251s (-2.6%)0.946s21.00x
▲ VercelNitro45.406s (~)46.879s (~)1.473s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)53.133s53.597s0.465s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)53.538s54.097s0.559s21.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro53.825s (~)54.097s (~)0.271s21.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.921s (+2.3%)54.105s (+1.9%)0.184s21.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)55.339s56.095s0.757s21.04x
💻 LocalNitro56.027s (~)56.100s (~)0.073s21.05x
💻 LocalExpress56.422s (~)57.103s (~)0.681s21.06x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)60.698s61.069s0.371s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro92.540s (-3.1%)94.201s (-3.0%)1.661s11.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)95.564s (+3.7%)97.175s (+4.1%)1.611s11.03x
▲ VercelExpress96.347s (-1.6%)98.291s (-0.9%)1.944s11.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.245s2.007s0.762s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.351s (~)2.010s (~)0.659s151.08x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.367s (+6.3% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.644s151.10x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.380s2.012s0.632s151.11x
💻 LocalNitro1.403s (-1.3%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.432s2.005s0.573s151.15x
💻 LocalExpress1.434s (~)2.005s (~)0.571s151.15x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.148s3.008s0.860s101.72x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.072s (-16.5% 🟢)3.179s (-16.4% 🟢)1.107s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.535s (+16.4% 🔺)3.782s (+20.3% 🔺)1.247s81.22x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.573s (+9.0% 🔺)3.555s (~)0.982s101.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express2.025s (+12.8% 🔺)2.597s (+20.6% 🔺)0.572s121.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.093s2.597s0.504s121.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.162s (+3.1%)2.746s (+5.6% 🔺)0.584s111.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.496s3.007s0.511s101.23x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.548s3.008s0.460s101.26x
💻 LocalExpress2.597s (-2.1%)3.008s (~)0.411s101.28x
💻 LocalNitro2.612s (~)3.007s (~)0.395s101.29x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.599s5.175s0.577s62.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.494s (-16.0% 🟢)3.619s (-15.9% 🟢)1.124s91.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.682s (+8.9% 🔺)4.125s (+26.0% 🔺)1.443s81.08x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.704s (+5.5% 🔺)3.570s (-0.6%)0.865s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)3.694s4.450s0.756s71.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress3.803s (+28.1% 🔺)4.451s (+10.8% 🔺)0.648s71.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.983s (+1.8%)4.740s (+3.0%)0.757s71.08x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.353s5.012s0.659s61.18x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)6.667s7.516s0.849s41.80x
💻 LocalExpress7.522s (-1.5%)8.019s (~)0.497s42.04x
💻 LocalNitro7.556s (-1.1%)8.021s (~)0.465s42.05x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)9.985s10.347s0.362s32.70x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.815s (-5.1% 🟢)3.916s (-4.4%)1.101s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.172s (+3.2%)4.210s (-3.1%)1.038s81.13x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.816s (+27.0% 🔺)4.873s (+12.3% 🔺)1.057s71.36x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.235s2.007s0.772s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.374s (-1.0%)2.012s (~)0.638s151.11x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.377s2.011s0.635s151.12x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.379s (+6.5% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.632s151.12x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.392s2.004s0.613s151.13x
💻 LocalNitro1.428s (~)2.006s (~)0.578s151.16x
💻 LocalExpress1.454s (+1.3%)2.005s (~)0.552s151.18x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.185s3.007s0.822s101.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.067s (-10.2% 🟢)3.119s (-15.5% 🟢)1.052s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.080s (-1.1%)3.585s (+9.3% 🔺)1.505s91.01x
▲ VercelNitro2.237s (+4.5%)3.568s (+4.6%)1.331s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Nitro1.976s (-4.3%)2.515s (-8.2% 🟢)0.539s121.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.990s (+16.5% 🔺)2.598s (+20.6% 🔺)0.609s121.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.015s2.513s0.498s121.02x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.533s3.008s0.476s101.28x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.575s3.009s0.434s101.30x
💻 LocalExpress2.715s (-2.0%)3.008s (~)0.293s101.37x
💻 LocalNitro2.760s (+1.6%)3.008s (~)0.248s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.793s5.177s0.384s62.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.386s (-13.9% 🟢)3.554s (-3.8%)1.168s91.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.509s (-6.9% 🟢)3.388s (-6.3% 🟢)0.879s91.05x
▲ VercelNitro3.112s (+28.8% 🔺)4.216s (+15.7% 🔺)1.104s81.30x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express3.589s (+29.6% 🔺)4.274s (+19.7% 🔺)0.684s81.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)3.779s4.593s0.814s71.05x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.927s (+13.9% 🔺)4.460s (+3.5%)0.533s71.09x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.205s5.012s0.807s61.17x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)7.981s8.516s0.535s42.22x
💻 LocalExpress8.094s (-3.9%)9.022s (~)0.928s42.25x
💻 LocalNitro8.152s (-1.0%)8.773s (-2.8%)0.620s42.27x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)10.049s10.350s0.300s32.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.742s (-21.3% 🟢)4.323s (-13.6% 🟢)1.581s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress3.019s (+5.3% 🔺)4.603s (+14.8% 🔺)1.583s71.10x
▲ VercelNitro3.096s (+10.5% 🔺)4.491s (+3.1%)1.395s71.13x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.137s1.002s0.011s1.017s0.880s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.152s1.000s0.002s1.008s0.856s101.11x
💻 LocalNitro0.168s (-1.5%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-0.9%)1.017s (~)0.849s101.23x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.177s1.001s0.002s1.014s0.837s101.29x
💻 LocalExpress0.178s (+3.7%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-1.7%)1.018s (~)0.840s101.30x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.184s (~)0.992s (~)0.001s (-14.3% 🟢)1.012s (~)0.828s101.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.192s (+41.9% 🔺)0.994s (-0.6%)0.001s (~)1.015s (~)0.823s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.489s0.953s0.002s1.009s0.520s103.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.442s (-6.1% 🟢)2.389s (+4.3%)0.150s (-6.4% 🟢)2.968s (+2.4%)1.526s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress1.682s (+12.8% 🔺)2.678s (+9.5% 🔺)0.119s (-20.2% 🟢)3.274s (+11.5% 🔺)1.592s101.17x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)1.865s (+16.5% 🔺)2.656s (+7.4% 🔺)0.133s (-72.4% 🟢)3.213s (-5.9% 🟢)1.348s101.29x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)9/12
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)6/12
▲ VercelNitro7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express🐘 Postgres6/12
Next.js (Turbopack)💻 Local4/12
Nitro🐘 Postgres6/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

Enables e2e encryption for the nextjs-turbopack workbench deployment by configuring VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in the Vercel project config so the test suite exercises encrypted payloads and decryption paths.

Changes:

  • Adds VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to the workbench’s vercel.json environment configuration.

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"env": {
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1"
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1",
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="

CopilotAIMar 4, 2026

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VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY looks like a sensitive deployment secret (used to derive encryption keys) but is being committed as a literal value in vercel.json. This exposes the key in git history and to anyone with repo access, and it will apply to every future deployment of this workbench. Please remove the hard-coded value and source it from Vercel-managed environment variables/secrets instead (e.g., configure it in the Vercel project/preview env, or reference a Vercel secret rather than inlining). Also rotate the key since it’s now been published in the PR diff.

Suggested change
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "@vercel-deployment-key"

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This is a false positive. The workbench/nextjs-turbopack project is a private test workbench used for e2e testing — it's not a production application. The key is intentionally committed as a test fixture so that CI deployments of this workbench exercise the encryption code paths. There's no security risk here since this key only protects test data in a test environment.

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It's temporary dude. Read the PR description.

Comment threadpackages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts Outdated
…eout(r, NaN)` to resolve immediately (0ms), triggering rapid-fire retries against a rate-limited API endpoint.
This commit fixes the issue reported at packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts:138
**Bug Analysis:**
In `packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts`, the `fetchRunKey` function handles HTTP 429 (rate limited) responses by reading the `retry-after` header and computing a delay. The original code was:
```js
const retryAfter = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const delay = retryAfter
? Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10) * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Per RFC 9110, the `Retry-After` header can contain either a number of seconds OR an HTTP date string (e.g., `"Wed, 21 Oct 2015 07:28:00 GMT"`). When the header contains a date string or any non-numeric value, `Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10)` returns `NaN`. Since the header string is truthy (non-empty), the ternary takes the parseInt path rather than the exponential backoff fallback. `NaN * 1000` evaluates to `NaN`, and `setTimeout(r, NaN)` resolves immediately (~0ms, confirmed by testing). This causes rapid-fire retries (up to 5 iterations with zero delay) against a rate-limited API endpoint, wasting resources and potentially worsening the rate-limiting situation.
**Fix:**
Parse the integer first, then check if the result is NaN before using it. If NaN, fall back to exponential backoff with jitter. This matches the established pattern already used in `packages/world-vercel/src/utils.ts` (lines 309-315) where the same header is properly guarded with `!Number.isNaN(parsed)`.
```js
const retryAfterHeader = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const parsedRetryAfter = retryAfterHeader
? Number.parseInt(retryAfterHeader, 10)
: NaN;
const delay = !Number.isNaN(parsedRetryAfter)
? parsedRetryAfter * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Co-authored-by: Vercel <vercel[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: TooTallNate <n@n8.io>
With encryption enabled on the nextjs-turbopack workbench, CLI inspect
output shows encrypted data as placeholders. The e2e tests check for
actual output values, so they need --decrypt to see the real data.
The shared RetryAgent from getDispatcher() already handles 429/5xx
retries with exponential backoff and Retry-After header support.
The manual retry loop in fetchRunKey was redundant.
Also add changeset for the VERCEL=1 external context fix.
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3 participants

@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Auto-enable theater mode on YouTube\n(function() {\n function tryTheater() {\n var btn = document.querySelector('button[aria-label=\"Theater mode\"], ytd-player #player button[title=\"Theater mode\"]');\n if (btn && !btn.classList.contains('activated')) {\n btn.click();\n }\n }\n \n // Try immediately\n tryTheater();\n \n // Try after navigation (SPA)\n var lastUrl = location.href;\n setInterval(function() {\n if (location.href !== lastUrl) {\n lastUrl = location.href;\n setTimeout(tryTheater, 500);\n }\n }, 1000);\n \n // Also try on player load\n var observer = new MutationObserver(tryTheater);\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "YouTube Theater Mode Default"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:YouTube Theater Mode Default]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
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test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench - #1262

Merged
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack
Mar 9, 2026
Merged

test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench#1262
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack

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@TooTallNate

@TooTallNateTooTallNate commented Mar 4, 2026

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Summary

Enables e2e encryption on the nextjs-turbopack workbench project by setting VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in vercel.json.

Purpose

This triggers the e2e test suite to run with encryption enabled, which validates:

  • New workflow runs produce encrypted event data
  • Encrypted data is correctly decrypted during replay
  • Pre-encryption runs (from before this deployment) continue to work (backwards compatibility)
  • CLI --decrypt flag works against real encrypted data
  • Web UI Decrypt button works against real encrypted data

What happens

Once this PR's preview deployment is live:

  1. The e2e tests will automatically run against it (Vercel Production env)
  2. New workflow runs triggered by the tests will have encrypted payloads
  3. The test suite should pass — any failures indicate encryption regressions

Cleanup

This key should be removed after the encryption bugbash is complete.

Set VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to enable e2e encryption for the
nextjs-turbopack workbench project. This allows the e2e test
suite to exercise encrypted workflow runs alongside existing
unencrypted runs for backwards compatibility testing.
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate requested a review from a team as a code ownerMarch 4, 2026 21:47
CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings March 4, 2026 21:47
@vercel

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changeset-botBot commented Mar 4, 2026

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 2353fbc

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages
NameType
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/corePatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production538067605
✅ 💻 Local Development576084660
✅ 📦 Local Production576084660
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres576084660
✅ 🪟 Windows520355
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds1164915180
✅ 📋 Other138027165
Total2572493642985

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (49 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

  • webhookWorkflow

turso (48 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent)
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • importedStepOnlyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • parallelSleepWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
  • cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4807
✅ example4807
✅ express4807
✅ fastify4807
✅ hono4807
✅ nextjs-turbopack5302
✅ nextjs-webpack5302
✅ nitro4807
✅ nuxt4807
✅ sveltekit4807
✅ vite4807
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack5203
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev302
❌ mongodb5113
✅ redis-dev302
✅ redis5203
✅ turso-dev302
❌ turso4483
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4609

📋 View full workflow run

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro0.032s (-16.8% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress0.035s (+8.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.970s101.10x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)0.041s1.005s0.964s101.26x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.043s1.005s0.962s101.34x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.049s1.011s0.962s101.52x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.052s (~)1.010s (~)0.958s101.61x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.056s (+11.1% 🔺)1.012s (~)0.956s101.74x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.112s1.008s0.896s103.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro0.412s (-9.2% 🟢)2.058s (-5.2% 🟢)1.646s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.474s (+23.7% 🔺)1.985s (+16.1% 🔺)1.511s101.15x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)0.588s (+19.4% 🔺)2.088s (-2.6%)1.500s101.43x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro1.102s (~)2.005s (~)0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.103s2.005s0.902s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)1.104s2.007s0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress1.111s (+0.8%)2.006s (~)0.895s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.125s (+0.5%)2.018s (~)0.894s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.132s2.013s0.881s101.03x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.134s (+3.8%)2.013s (~)0.879s101.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)1.300s2.008s0.708s101.18x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.970s (-1.9%)3.132s (-13.7% 🟢)1.162s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.031s (+4.1%)3.476s (+17.0% 🔺)1.445s101.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.055s (-1.9%)3.352s (~)1.298s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)10.644s11.021s0.377s31.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)10.672s11.023s0.351s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.758s (~)11.022s (~)0.264s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)10.785s11.043s0.258s31.01x
💻 LocalExpress10.820s (~)11.023s (~)0.203s31.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.823s (~)11.039s (~)0.215s31.02x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.855s (+2.4%)11.041s (~)0.186s31.02x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)12.213s13.019s0.806s31.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro17.255s (-2.9%)18.206s (-3.3%)0.951s21.00x
▲ VercelExpress17.767s (+4.9%)19.655s (+10.9% 🔺)1.888s21.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)324.292s (+1810.9% 🔺)325.932s (+1654.9% 🔺)1.640s118.79x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)26.568s27.050s0.481s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)26.807s27.062s0.256s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro26.860s (-0.7%)27.060s (-2.4%)0.200s31.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)26.919s27.050s0.131s31.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress27.034s (+2.5%)27.393s (+1.2%)0.359s31.02x
💻 LocalNitro27.169s (~)28.052s (~)0.883s31.02x
💻 LocalExpress27.286s (~)28.051s (~)0.765s31.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)30.328s31.029s0.701s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express44.182s (+2.1%)45.375s (+2.2%)1.193s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)44.305s (-1.2%)45.251s (-2.6%)0.946s21.00x
▲ VercelNitro45.406s (~)46.879s (~)1.473s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)53.133s53.597s0.465s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)53.538s54.097s0.559s21.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro53.825s (~)54.097s (~)0.271s21.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.921s (+2.3%)54.105s (+1.9%)0.184s21.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)55.339s56.095s0.757s21.04x
💻 LocalNitro56.027s (~)56.100s (~)0.073s21.05x
💻 LocalExpress56.422s (~)57.103s (~)0.681s21.06x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)60.698s61.069s0.371s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro92.540s (-3.1%)94.201s (-3.0%)1.661s11.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)95.564s (+3.7%)97.175s (+4.1%)1.611s11.03x
▲ VercelExpress96.347s (-1.6%)98.291s (-0.9%)1.944s11.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.245s2.007s0.762s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.351s (~)2.010s (~)0.659s151.08x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.367s (+6.3% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.644s151.10x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.380s2.012s0.632s151.11x
💻 LocalNitro1.403s (-1.3%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.432s2.005s0.573s151.15x
💻 LocalExpress1.434s (~)2.005s (~)0.571s151.15x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.148s3.008s0.860s101.72x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.072s (-16.5% 🟢)3.179s (-16.4% 🟢)1.107s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.535s (+16.4% 🔺)3.782s (+20.3% 🔺)1.247s81.22x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.573s (+9.0% 🔺)3.555s (~)0.982s101.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express2.025s (+12.8% 🔺)2.597s (+20.6% 🔺)0.572s121.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.093s2.597s0.504s121.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.162s (+3.1%)2.746s (+5.6% 🔺)0.584s111.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.496s3.007s0.511s101.23x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.548s3.008s0.460s101.26x
💻 LocalExpress2.597s (-2.1%)3.008s (~)0.411s101.28x
💻 LocalNitro2.612s (~)3.007s (~)0.395s101.29x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.599s5.175s0.577s62.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.494s (-16.0% 🟢)3.619s (-15.9% 🟢)1.124s91.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.682s (+8.9% 🔺)4.125s (+26.0% 🔺)1.443s81.08x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.704s (+5.5% 🔺)3.570s (-0.6%)0.865s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)3.694s4.450s0.756s71.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress3.803s (+28.1% 🔺)4.451s (+10.8% 🔺)0.648s71.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.983s (+1.8%)4.740s (+3.0%)0.757s71.08x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.353s5.012s0.659s61.18x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)6.667s7.516s0.849s41.80x
💻 LocalExpress7.522s (-1.5%)8.019s (~)0.497s42.04x
💻 LocalNitro7.556s (-1.1%)8.021s (~)0.465s42.05x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)9.985s10.347s0.362s32.70x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.815s (-5.1% 🟢)3.916s (-4.4%)1.101s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.172s (+3.2%)4.210s (-3.1%)1.038s81.13x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.816s (+27.0% 🔺)4.873s (+12.3% 🔺)1.057s71.36x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.235s2.007s0.772s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.374s (-1.0%)2.012s (~)0.638s151.11x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.377s2.011s0.635s151.12x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.379s (+6.5% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.632s151.12x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.392s2.004s0.613s151.13x
💻 LocalNitro1.428s (~)2.006s (~)0.578s151.16x
💻 LocalExpress1.454s (+1.3%)2.005s (~)0.552s151.18x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.185s3.007s0.822s101.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.067s (-10.2% 🟢)3.119s (-15.5% 🟢)1.052s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.080s (-1.1%)3.585s (+9.3% 🔺)1.505s91.01x
▲ VercelNitro2.237s (+4.5%)3.568s (+4.6%)1.331s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Nitro1.976s (-4.3%)2.515s (-8.2% 🟢)0.539s121.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.990s (+16.5% 🔺)2.598s (+20.6% 🔺)0.609s121.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.015s2.513s0.498s121.02x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.533s3.008s0.476s101.28x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.575s3.009s0.434s101.30x
💻 LocalExpress2.715s (-2.0%)3.008s (~)0.293s101.37x
💻 LocalNitro2.760s (+1.6%)3.008s (~)0.248s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.793s5.177s0.384s62.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.386s (-13.9% 🟢)3.554s (-3.8%)1.168s91.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.509s (-6.9% 🟢)3.388s (-6.3% 🟢)0.879s91.05x
▲ VercelNitro3.112s (+28.8% 🔺)4.216s (+15.7% 🔺)1.104s81.30x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express3.589s (+29.6% 🔺)4.274s (+19.7% 🔺)0.684s81.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)3.779s4.593s0.814s71.05x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.927s (+13.9% 🔺)4.460s (+3.5%)0.533s71.09x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.205s5.012s0.807s61.17x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)7.981s8.516s0.535s42.22x
💻 LocalExpress8.094s (-3.9%)9.022s (~)0.928s42.25x
💻 LocalNitro8.152s (-1.0%)8.773s (-2.8%)0.620s42.27x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)10.049s10.350s0.300s32.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.742s (-21.3% 🟢)4.323s (-13.6% 🟢)1.581s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress3.019s (+5.3% 🔺)4.603s (+14.8% 🔺)1.583s71.10x
▲ VercelNitro3.096s (+10.5% 🔺)4.491s (+3.1%)1.395s71.13x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.137s1.002s0.011s1.017s0.880s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.152s1.000s0.002s1.008s0.856s101.11x
💻 LocalNitro0.168s (-1.5%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-0.9%)1.017s (~)0.849s101.23x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.177s1.001s0.002s1.014s0.837s101.29x
💻 LocalExpress0.178s (+3.7%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-1.7%)1.018s (~)0.840s101.30x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.184s (~)0.992s (~)0.001s (-14.3% 🟢)1.012s (~)0.828s101.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.192s (+41.9% 🔺)0.994s (-0.6%)0.001s (~)1.015s (~)0.823s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.489s0.953s0.002s1.009s0.520s103.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.442s (-6.1% 🟢)2.389s (+4.3%)0.150s (-6.4% 🟢)2.968s (+2.4%)1.526s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress1.682s (+12.8% 🔺)2.678s (+9.5% 🔺)0.119s (-20.2% 🟢)3.274s (+11.5% 🔺)1.592s101.17x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)1.865s (+16.5% 🔺)2.656s (+7.4% 🔺)0.133s (-72.4% 🟢)3.213s (-5.9% 🟢)1.348s101.29x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)9/12
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)6/12
▲ VercelNitro7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express🐘 Postgres6/12
Next.js (Turbopack)💻 Local4/12
Nitro🐘 Postgres6/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

Enables e2e encryption for the nextjs-turbopack workbench deployment by configuring VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in the Vercel project config so the test suite exercises encrypted payloads and decryption paths.

Changes:

  • Adds VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to the workbench’s vercel.json environment configuration.

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"env": {
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1"
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1",
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="

CopilotAIMar 4, 2026

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VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY looks like a sensitive deployment secret (used to derive encryption keys) but is being committed as a literal value in vercel.json. This exposes the key in git history and to anyone with repo access, and it will apply to every future deployment of this workbench. Please remove the hard-coded value and source it from Vercel-managed environment variables/secrets instead (e.g., configure it in the Vercel project/preview env, or reference a Vercel secret rather than inlining). Also rotate the key since it’s now been published in the PR diff.

Suggested change
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "@vercel-deployment-key"

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This is a false positive. The workbench/nextjs-turbopack project is a private test workbench used for e2e testing — it's not a production application. The key is intentionally committed as a test fixture so that CI deployments of this workbench exercise the encryption code paths. There's no security risk here since this key only protects test data in a test environment.

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It's temporary dude. Read the PR description.

Comment threadpackages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts Outdated
…eout(r, NaN)` to resolve immediately (0ms), triggering rapid-fire retries against a rate-limited API endpoint.
This commit fixes the issue reported at packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts:138
**Bug Analysis:**
In `packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts`, the `fetchRunKey` function handles HTTP 429 (rate limited) responses by reading the `retry-after` header and computing a delay. The original code was:
```js
const retryAfter = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const delay = retryAfter
? Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10) * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Per RFC 9110, the `Retry-After` header can contain either a number of seconds OR an HTTP date string (e.g., `"Wed, 21 Oct 2015 07:28:00 GMT"`). When the header contains a date string or any non-numeric value, `Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10)` returns `NaN`. Since the header string is truthy (non-empty), the ternary takes the parseInt path rather than the exponential backoff fallback. `NaN * 1000` evaluates to `NaN`, and `setTimeout(r, NaN)` resolves immediately (~0ms, confirmed by testing). This causes rapid-fire retries (up to 5 iterations with zero delay) against a rate-limited API endpoint, wasting resources and potentially worsening the rate-limiting situation.
**Fix:**
Parse the integer first, then check if the result is NaN before using it. If NaN, fall back to exponential backoff with jitter. This matches the established pattern already used in `packages/world-vercel/src/utils.ts` (lines 309-315) where the same header is properly guarded with `!Number.isNaN(parsed)`.
```js
const retryAfterHeader = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const parsedRetryAfter = retryAfterHeader
? Number.parseInt(retryAfterHeader, 10)
: NaN;
const delay = !Number.isNaN(parsedRetryAfter)
? parsedRetryAfter * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Co-authored-by: Vercel <vercel[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: TooTallNate <n@n8.io>
With encryption enabled on the nextjs-turbopack workbench, CLI inspect
output shows encrypted data as placeholders. The e2e tests check for
actual output values, so they need --decrypt to see the real data.
The shared RetryAgent from getDispatcher() already handles 429/5xx
retries with exponential backoff and Retry-After header support.
The manual retry loop in fetchRunKey was redundant.
Also add changeset for the VERCEL=1 external context fix.
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@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Remove or un-stick sticky/fixed headers that block content\n(function() {\n function unstick() {\n document.querySelectorAll('header, nav, [role=\"banner\"], .header, .navbar, .sticky, .fixed-top, [style*=\"position: fixed\"], [style*=\"position:sticky\"]').forEach(function(el) {\n if (el.style.position === 'fixed' || el.style.position === 'sticky' || \n getComputedStyle(el).position === 'fixed' || getComputedStyle(el).position === 'sticky') {\n el.style.position = 'static';\n el.style.top = 'auto';\n el.style.zIndex = 'auto';\n }\n });\n }\n \n unstick();\n \n var observer = new MutationObserver(unstick);\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true, attributes: true, attributeFilter: ['style', 'class'] });\n})();", "Kill Sticky Headers"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Kill Sticky Headers]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
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test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench - #1262

Merged
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack
Mar 9, 2026
Merged

test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench#1262
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack

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@TooTallNate

@TooTallNateTooTallNate commented Mar 4, 2026

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Summary

Enables e2e encryption on the nextjs-turbopack workbench project by setting VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in vercel.json.

Purpose

This triggers the e2e test suite to run with encryption enabled, which validates:

  • New workflow runs produce encrypted event data
  • Encrypted data is correctly decrypted during replay
  • Pre-encryption runs (from before this deployment) continue to work (backwards compatibility)
  • CLI --decrypt flag works against real encrypted data
  • Web UI Decrypt button works against real encrypted data

What happens

Once this PR's preview deployment is live:

  1. The e2e tests will automatically run against it (Vercel Production env)
  2. New workflow runs triggered by the tests will have encrypted payloads
  3. The test suite should pass — any failures indicate encryption regressions

Cleanup

This key should be removed after the encryption bugbash is complete.

Set VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to enable e2e encryption for the
nextjs-turbopack workbench project. This allows the e2e test
suite to exercise encrypted workflow runs alongside existing
unencrypted runs for backwards compatibility testing.
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate requested a review from a team as a code ownerMarch 4, 2026 21:47
CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings March 4, 2026 21:47
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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 2353fbc

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages
NameType
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/corePatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production538067605
✅ 💻 Local Development576084660
✅ 📦 Local Production576084660
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres576084660
✅ 🪟 Windows520355
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds1164915180
✅ 📋 Other138027165
Total2572493642985

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (49 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

  • webhookWorkflow

turso (48 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent)
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • importedStepOnlyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • parallelSleepWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
  • cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4807
✅ example4807
✅ express4807
✅ fastify4807
✅ hono4807
✅ nextjs-turbopack5302
✅ nextjs-webpack5302
✅ nitro4807
✅ nuxt4807
✅ sveltekit4807
✅ vite4807
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack5203
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev302
❌ mongodb5113
✅ redis-dev302
✅ redis5203
✅ turso-dev302
❌ turso4483
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4609

📋 View full workflow run

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro0.032s (-16.8% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress0.035s (+8.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.970s101.10x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)0.041s1.005s0.964s101.26x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.043s1.005s0.962s101.34x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.049s1.011s0.962s101.52x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.052s (~)1.010s (~)0.958s101.61x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.056s (+11.1% 🔺)1.012s (~)0.956s101.74x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.112s1.008s0.896s103.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro0.412s (-9.2% 🟢)2.058s (-5.2% 🟢)1.646s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.474s (+23.7% 🔺)1.985s (+16.1% 🔺)1.511s101.15x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)0.588s (+19.4% 🔺)2.088s (-2.6%)1.500s101.43x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro1.102s (~)2.005s (~)0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.103s2.005s0.902s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)1.104s2.007s0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress1.111s (+0.8%)2.006s (~)0.895s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.125s (+0.5%)2.018s (~)0.894s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.132s2.013s0.881s101.03x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.134s (+3.8%)2.013s (~)0.879s101.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)1.300s2.008s0.708s101.18x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.970s (-1.9%)3.132s (-13.7% 🟢)1.162s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.031s (+4.1%)3.476s (+17.0% 🔺)1.445s101.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.055s (-1.9%)3.352s (~)1.298s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)10.644s11.021s0.377s31.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)10.672s11.023s0.351s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.758s (~)11.022s (~)0.264s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)10.785s11.043s0.258s31.01x
💻 LocalExpress10.820s (~)11.023s (~)0.203s31.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.823s (~)11.039s (~)0.215s31.02x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.855s (+2.4%)11.041s (~)0.186s31.02x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)12.213s13.019s0.806s31.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro17.255s (-2.9%)18.206s (-3.3%)0.951s21.00x
▲ VercelExpress17.767s (+4.9%)19.655s (+10.9% 🔺)1.888s21.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)324.292s (+1810.9% 🔺)325.932s (+1654.9% 🔺)1.640s118.79x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)26.568s27.050s0.481s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)26.807s27.062s0.256s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro26.860s (-0.7%)27.060s (-2.4%)0.200s31.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)26.919s27.050s0.131s31.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress27.034s (+2.5%)27.393s (+1.2%)0.359s31.02x
💻 LocalNitro27.169s (~)28.052s (~)0.883s31.02x
💻 LocalExpress27.286s (~)28.051s (~)0.765s31.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)30.328s31.029s0.701s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express44.182s (+2.1%)45.375s (+2.2%)1.193s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)44.305s (-1.2%)45.251s (-2.6%)0.946s21.00x
▲ VercelNitro45.406s (~)46.879s (~)1.473s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)53.133s53.597s0.465s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)53.538s54.097s0.559s21.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro53.825s (~)54.097s (~)0.271s21.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.921s (+2.3%)54.105s (+1.9%)0.184s21.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)55.339s56.095s0.757s21.04x
💻 LocalNitro56.027s (~)56.100s (~)0.073s21.05x
💻 LocalExpress56.422s (~)57.103s (~)0.681s21.06x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)60.698s61.069s0.371s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro92.540s (-3.1%)94.201s (-3.0%)1.661s11.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)95.564s (+3.7%)97.175s (+4.1%)1.611s11.03x
▲ VercelExpress96.347s (-1.6%)98.291s (-0.9%)1.944s11.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.245s2.007s0.762s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.351s (~)2.010s (~)0.659s151.08x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.367s (+6.3% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.644s151.10x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.380s2.012s0.632s151.11x
💻 LocalNitro1.403s (-1.3%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.432s2.005s0.573s151.15x
💻 LocalExpress1.434s (~)2.005s (~)0.571s151.15x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.148s3.008s0.860s101.72x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.072s (-16.5% 🟢)3.179s (-16.4% 🟢)1.107s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.535s (+16.4% 🔺)3.782s (+20.3% 🔺)1.247s81.22x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.573s (+9.0% 🔺)3.555s (~)0.982s101.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express2.025s (+12.8% 🔺)2.597s (+20.6% 🔺)0.572s121.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.093s2.597s0.504s121.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.162s (+3.1%)2.746s (+5.6% 🔺)0.584s111.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.496s3.007s0.511s101.23x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.548s3.008s0.460s101.26x
💻 LocalExpress2.597s (-2.1%)3.008s (~)0.411s101.28x
💻 LocalNitro2.612s (~)3.007s (~)0.395s101.29x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.599s5.175s0.577s62.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.494s (-16.0% 🟢)3.619s (-15.9% 🟢)1.124s91.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.682s (+8.9% 🔺)4.125s (+26.0% 🔺)1.443s81.08x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.704s (+5.5% 🔺)3.570s (-0.6%)0.865s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)3.694s4.450s0.756s71.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress3.803s (+28.1% 🔺)4.451s (+10.8% 🔺)0.648s71.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.983s (+1.8%)4.740s (+3.0%)0.757s71.08x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.353s5.012s0.659s61.18x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)6.667s7.516s0.849s41.80x
💻 LocalExpress7.522s (-1.5%)8.019s (~)0.497s42.04x
💻 LocalNitro7.556s (-1.1%)8.021s (~)0.465s42.05x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)9.985s10.347s0.362s32.70x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.815s (-5.1% 🟢)3.916s (-4.4%)1.101s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.172s (+3.2%)4.210s (-3.1%)1.038s81.13x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.816s (+27.0% 🔺)4.873s (+12.3% 🔺)1.057s71.36x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.235s2.007s0.772s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.374s (-1.0%)2.012s (~)0.638s151.11x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.377s2.011s0.635s151.12x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.379s (+6.5% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.632s151.12x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.392s2.004s0.613s151.13x
💻 LocalNitro1.428s (~)2.006s (~)0.578s151.16x
💻 LocalExpress1.454s (+1.3%)2.005s (~)0.552s151.18x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.185s3.007s0.822s101.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.067s (-10.2% 🟢)3.119s (-15.5% 🟢)1.052s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.080s (-1.1%)3.585s (+9.3% 🔺)1.505s91.01x
▲ VercelNitro2.237s (+4.5%)3.568s (+4.6%)1.331s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Nitro1.976s (-4.3%)2.515s (-8.2% 🟢)0.539s121.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.990s (+16.5% 🔺)2.598s (+20.6% 🔺)0.609s121.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.015s2.513s0.498s121.02x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.533s3.008s0.476s101.28x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.575s3.009s0.434s101.30x
💻 LocalExpress2.715s (-2.0%)3.008s (~)0.293s101.37x
💻 LocalNitro2.760s (+1.6%)3.008s (~)0.248s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.793s5.177s0.384s62.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.386s (-13.9% 🟢)3.554s (-3.8%)1.168s91.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.509s (-6.9% 🟢)3.388s (-6.3% 🟢)0.879s91.05x
▲ VercelNitro3.112s (+28.8% 🔺)4.216s (+15.7% 🔺)1.104s81.30x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express3.589s (+29.6% 🔺)4.274s (+19.7% 🔺)0.684s81.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)3.779s4.593s0.814s71.05x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.927s (+13.9% 🔺)4.460s (+3.5%)0.533s71.09x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.205s5.012s0.807s61.17x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)7.981s8.516s0.535s42.22x
💻 LocalExpress8.094s (-3.9%)9.022s (~)0.928s42.25x
💻 LocalNitro8.152s (-1.0%)8.773s (-2.8%)0.620s42.27x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)10.049s10.350s0.300s32.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.742s (-21.3% 🟢)4.323s (-13.6% 🟢)1.581s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress3.019s (+5.3% 🔺)4.603s (+14.8% 🔺)1.583s71.10x
▲ VercelNitro3.096s (+10.5% 🔺)4.491s (+3.1%)1.395s71.13x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.137s1.002s0.011s1.017s0.880s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.152s1.000s0.002s1.008s0.856s101.11x
💻 LocalNitro0.168s (-1.5%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-0.9%)1.017s (~)0.849s101.23x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.177s1.001s0.002s1.014s0.837s101.29x
💻 LocalExpress0.178s (+3.7%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-1.7%)1.018s (~)0.840s101.30x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.184s (~)0.992s (~)0.001s (-14.3% 🟢)1.012s (~)0.828s101.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.192s (+41.9% 🔺)0.994s (-0.6%)0.001s (~)1.015s (~)0.823s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.489s0.953s0.002s1.009s0.520s103.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.442s (-6.1% 🟢)2.389s (+4.3%)0.150s (-6.4% 🟢)2.968s (+2.4%)1.526s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress1.682s (+12.8% 🔺)2.678s (+9.5% 🔺)0.119s (-20.2% 🟢)3.274s (+11.5% 🔺)1.592s101.17x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)1.865s (+16.5% 🔺)2.656s (+7.4% 🔺)0.133s (-72.4% 🟢)3.213s (-5.9% 🟢)1.348s101.29x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)9/12
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)6/12
▲ VercelNitro7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express🐘 Postgres6/12
Next.js (Turbopack)💻 Local4/12
Nitro🐘 Postgres6/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

Enables e2e encryption for the nextjs-turbopack workbench deployment by configuring VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in the Vercel project config so the test suite exercises encrypted payloads and decryption paths.

Changes:

  • Adds VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to the workbench’s vercel.json environment configuration.

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"env": {
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1"
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1",
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="

CopilotAIMar 4, 2026

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VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY looks like a sensitive deployment secret (used to derive encryption keys) but is being committed as a literal value in vercel.json. This exposes the key in git history and to anyone with repo access, and it will apply to every future deployment of this workbench. Please remove the hard-coded value and source it from Vercel-managed environment variables/secrets instead (e.g., configure it in the Vercel project/preview env, or reference a Vercel secret rather than inlining). Also rotate the key since it’s now been published in the PR diff.

Suggested change
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "@vercel-deployment-key"

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This is a false positive. The workbench/nextjs-turbopack project is a private test workbench used for e2e testing — it's not a production application. The key is intentionally committed as a test fixture so that CI deployments of this workbench exercise the encryption code paths. There's no security risk here since this key only protects test data in a test environment.

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It's temporary dude. Read the PR description.

Comment threadpackages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts Outdated
…eout(r, NaN)` to resolve immediately (0ms), triggering rapid-fire retries against a rate-limited API endpoint.
This commit fixes the issue reported at packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts:138
**Bug Analysis:**
In `packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts`, the `fetchRunKey` function handles HTTP 429 (rate limited) responses by reading the `retry-after` header and computing a delay. The original code was:
```js
const retryAfter = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const delay = retryAfter
? Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10) * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Per RFC 9110, the `Retry-After` header can contain either a number of seconds OR an HTTP date string (e.g., `"Wed, 21 Oct 2015 07:28:00 GMT"`). When the header contains a date string or any non-numeric value, `Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10)` returns `NaN`. Since the header string is truthy (non-empty), the ternary takes the parseInt path rather than the exponential backoff fallback. `NaN * 1000` evaluates to `NaN`, and `setTimeout(r, NaN)` resolves immediately (~0ms, confirmed by testing). This causes rapid-fire retries (up to 5 iterations with zero delay) against a rate-limited API endpoint, wasting resources and potentially worsening the rate-limiting situation.
**Fix:**
Parse the integer first, then check if the result is NaN before using it. If NaN, fall back to exponential backoff with jitter. This matches the established pattern already used in `packages/world-vercel/src/utils.ts` (lines 309-315) where the same header is properly guarded with `!Number.isNaN(parsed)`.
```js
const retryAfterHeader = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const parsedRetryAfter = retryAfterHeader
? Number.parseInt(retryAfterHeader, 10)
: NaN;
const delay = !Number.isNaN(parsedRetryAfter)
? parsedRetryAfter * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Co-authored-by: Vercel <vercel[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: TooTallNate <n@n8.io>
With encryption enabled on the nextjs-turbopack workbench, CLI inspect
output shows encrypted data as placeholders. The e2e tests check for
actual output values, so they need --decrypt to see the real data.
The shared RetryAgent from getDispatcher() already handles 429/5xx
retries with exponential backoff and Retry-After header support.
The manual retry loop in fetchRunKey was redundant.
Also add changeset for the VERCEL=1 external context fix.
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@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Universal Dark Mode - works on any site\n(function() {\n var enabled = true;\n \n function applyDarkMode() {\n if (!enabled) return;\n \n // Create style element if it doesn't exist\n var style = document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style');\n if (!style) {\n style = document.createElement('style');\n style.id = 'universal-dark-mode-style';\n document.head.appendChild(style);\n }\n \n // Dark mode CSS - inverts colors but preserves images/video\n style.textContent = '\n /* Invert everything except media */\n html {\n filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important;\n background: #1a1a2e !important;\n }\n \n /* Restore images, videos, iframes, canvas */\n img, video, iframe, canvas, svg, picture, [style*=\"background-image\"] {\n filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important;\n }\n \n /* Preserve specific elements that should not be inverted */\n .no-dark-mode, .no-dark-mode *,\n [data-theme=\"light\"], [data-theme=\"light\"],\n .ace_editor, .ace_editor *,\n .CodeMirror, .CodeMirror *,\n .monaco-editor, .monaco-editor *,\n .markdown-body pre, .markdown-body pre *,\n .highlight, .highlight *,\n pre code, pre code * {\n filter: none !important;\n }\n \n /* Fix common UI elements */\n .modal, .popup, .dropdown-menu, .tooltip, .popover {\n filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important;\n background: #2d2d44 !important;\n border-color: #444 !important;\n }\n \n /* Scrollbars */\n ::-webkit-scrollbar { background: #1a1a2e !important; }\n ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #444 !important; }\n ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: #555 !important; }\n \n /* Selection */\n ::selection { background: #4ecdc4 !important; color: #1a1a2e !important; }\n ::-moz-selection { background: #4ecdc4 !important; color: #1a1a2e !important; }\n ';\n }\n \n function removeDarkMode() {\n var style = document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style');\n if (style) style.remove();\n }\n \n // Toggle with Alt+Shift+D\n document.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) {\n if (e.altKey && e.shiftKey && e.key === 'D') {\n e.preventDefault();\n enabled = !enabled;\n if (enabled) {\n applyDarkMode();\n console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Enabled');\n } else {\n removeDarkMode();\n console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Disabled');\n }\n }\n });\n \n // Apply on load\n applyDarkMode();\n \n // Re-apply on dynamic content\n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n if (enabled && !document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style')) {\n applyDarkMode();\n }\n });\n observer.observe(document.head, { childList: true });\n \n console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Loaded - Press Alt+Shift+D to toggle');\n})();", "Universal Dark Mode"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Universal Dark Mode]', __e); } })(); })();
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test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench - #1262

Merged
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
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nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack
Mar 9, 2026
Merged

test: enable encryption on nextjs-turbopack workbench#1262
TooTallNate merged 7 commits into
mainfrom
nate/enable-encryption-nextjs-turbopack

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@TooTallNate

@TooTallNateTooTallNate commented Mar 4, 2026

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Summary

Enables e2e encryption on the nextjs-turbopack workbench project by setting VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in vercel.json.

Purpose

This triggers the e2e test suite to run with encryption enabled, which validates:

  • New workflow runs produce encrypted event data
  • Encrypted data is correctly decrypted during replay
  • Pre-encryption runs (from before this deployment) continue to work (backwards compatibility)
  • CLI --decrypt flag works against real encrypted data
  • Web UI Decrypt button works against real encrypted data

What happens

Once this PR's preview deployment is live:

  1. The e2e tests will automatically run against it (Vercel Production env)
  2. New workflow runs triggered by the tests will have encrypted payloads
  3. The test suite should pass — any failures indicate encryption regressions

Cleanup

This key should be removed after the encryption bugbash is complete.

Set VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to enable e2e encryption for the
nextjs-turbopack workbench project. This allows the e2e test
suite to exercise encrypted workflow runs alongside existing
unencrypted runs for backwards compatibility testing.
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate requested a review from a team as a code ownerMarch 4, 2026 21:47
CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings March 4, 2026 21:47
@vercel

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changeset-botBot commented Mar 4, 2026

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 2353fbc

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 15 packages
NameType
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/corePatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production538067605
✅ 💻 Local Development576084660
✅ 📦 Local Production576084660
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres576084660
✅ 🪟 Windows520355
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds1164915180
✅ 📋 Other138027165
Total2572493642985

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (49 failed)

mongodb (1 failed):

  • webhookWorkflow

turso (48 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent)
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • importedStepOnlyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • parallelSleepWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling retry behavior workflow completes despite transient 5xx on step_completed
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow
  • cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4807
✅ example4807
✅ express4807
✅ fastify4807
✅ hono4807
✅ nextjs-turbopack5302
✅ nextjs-webpack5302
✅ nitro4807
✅ nuxt4807
✅ sveltekit4807
✅ vite4807
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4609
✅ express-stable4609
✅ fastify-stable4609
✅ hono-stable4609
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary5203
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable5203
✅ nitro-stable4609
✅ nuxt-stable4609
✅ sveltekit-stable4609
✅ vite-stable4609
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack5203
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev302
❌ mongodb5113
✅ redis-dev302
✅ redis5203
✅ turso-dev302
❌ turso4483
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4609
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4609

📋 View full workflow run

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro0.032s (-16.8% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress0.035s (+8.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.970s101.10x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)0.041s1.005s0.964s101.26x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.043s1.005s0.962s101.34x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.049s1.011s0.962s101.52x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.052s (~)1.010s (~)0.958s101.61x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.056s (+11.1% 🔺)1.012s (~)0.956s101.74x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.112s1.008s0.896s103.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro0.412s (-9.2% 🟢)2.058s (-5.2% 🟢)1.646s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.474s (+23.7% 🔺)1.985s (+16.1% 🔺)1.511s101.15x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)0.588s (+19.4% 🔺)2.088s (-2.6%)1.500s101.43x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Nitro1.102s (~)2.005s (~)0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.103s2.005s0.902s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)1.104s2.007s0.903s101.00x
💻 LocalExpress1.111s (+0.8%)2.006s (~)0.895s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.125s (+0.5%)2.018s (~)0.894s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.132s2.013s0.881s101.03x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.134s (+3.8%)2.013s (~)0.879s101.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)1.300s2.008s0.708s101.18x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.970s (-1.9%)3.132s (-13.7% 🟢)1.162s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.031s (+4.1%)3.476s (+17.0% 🔺)1.445s101.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.055s (-1.9%)3.352s (~)1.298s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)10.644s11.021s0.377s31.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)10.672s11.023s0.351s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.758s (~)11.022s (~)0.264s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)10.785s11.043s0.258s31.01x
💻 LocalExpress10.820s (~)11.023s (~)0.203s31.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.823s (~)11.039s (~)0.215s31.02x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.855s (+2.4%)11.041s (~)0.186s31.02x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)12.213s13.019s0.806s31.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro17.255s (-2.9%)18.206s (-3.3%)0.951s21.00x
▲ VercelExpress17.767s (+4.9%)19.655s (+10.9% 🔺)1.888s21.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)324.292s (+1810.9% 🔺)325.932s (+1654.9% 🔺)1.640s118.79x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)26.568s27.050s0.481s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)26.807s27.062s0.256s31.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro26.860s (-0.7%)27.060s (-2.4%)0.200s31.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)26.919s27.050s0.131s31.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress27.034s (+2.5%)27.393s (+1.2%)0.359s31.02x
💻 LocalNitro27.169s (~)28.052s (~)0.883s31.02x
💻 LocalExpress27.286s (~)28.051s (~)0.765s31.03x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)30.328s31.029s0.701s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express44.182s (+2.1%)45.375s (+2.2%)1.193s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)44.305s (-1.2%)45.251s (-2.6%)0.946s21.00x
▲ VercelNitro45.406s (~)46.879s (~)1.473s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)53.133s53.597s0.465s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)53.538s54.097s0.559s21.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro53.825s (~)54.097s (~)0.271s21.01x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.921s (+2.3%)54.105s (+1.9%)0.184s21.01x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)55.339s56.095s0.757s21.04x
💻 LocalNitro56.027s (~)56.100s (~)0.073s21.05x
💻 LocalExpress56.422s (~)57.103s (~)0.681s21.06x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)60.698s61.069s0.371s21.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro92.540s (-3.1%)94.201s (-3.0%)1.661s11.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)95.564s (+3.7%)97.175s (+4.1%)1.611s11.03x
▲ VercelExpress96.347s (-1.6%)98.291s (-0.9%)1.944s11.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.245s2.007s0.762s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.351s (~)2.010s (~)0.659s151.08x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.367s (+6.3% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.644s151.10x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.380s2.012s0.632s151.11x
💻 LocalNitro1.403s (-1.3%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.432s2.005s0.573s151.15x
💻 LocalExpress1.434s (~)2.005s (~)0.571s151.15x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.148s3.008s0.860s101.72x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.072s (-16.5% 🟢)3.179s (-16.4% 🟢)1.107s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.535s (+16.4% 🔺)3.782s (+20.3% 🔺)1.247s81.22x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.573s (+9.0% 🔺)3.555s (~)0.982s101.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express2.025s (+12.8% 🔺)2.597s (+20.6% 🔺)0.572s121.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.093s2.597s0.504s121.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.162s (+3.1%)2.746s (+5.6% 🔺)0.584s111.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.496s3.007s0.511s101.23x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.548s3.008s0.460s101.26x
💻 LocalExpress2.597s (-2.1%)3.008s (~)0.411s101.28x
💻 LocalNitro2.612s (~)3.007s (~)0.395s101.29x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.599s5.175s0.577s62.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.494s (-16.0% 🟢)3.619s (-15.9% 🟢)1.124s91.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.682s (+8.9% 🔺)4.125s (+26.0% 🔺)1.443s81.08x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.704s (+5.5% 🔺)3.570s (-0.6%)0.865s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)3.694s4.450s0.756s71.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress3.803s (+28.1% 🔺)4.451s (+10.8% 🔺)0.648s71.03x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.983s (+1.8%)4.740s (+3.0%)0.757s71.08x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.353s5.012s0.659s61.18x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)6.667s7.516s0.849s41.80x
💻 LocalExpress7.522s (-1.5%)8.019s (~)0.497s42.04x
💻 LocalNitro7.556s (-1.1%)8.021s (~)0.465s42.05x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)9.985s10.347s0.362s32.70x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.815s (-5.1% 🟢)3.916s (-4.4%)1.101s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.172s (+3.2%)4.210s (-3.1%)1.038s81.13x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.816s (+27.0% 🔺)4.873s (+12.3% 🔺)1.057s71.36x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🌐 Redis🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)1.235s2.007s0.772s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.374s (-1.0%)2.012s (~)0.638s151.11x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)1.377s2.011s0.635s151.12x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.379s (+6.5% 🔺)2.011s (~)0.632s151.12x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)1.392s2.004s0.613s151.13x
💻 LocalNitro1.428s (~)2.006s (~)0.578s151.16x
💻 LocalExpress1.454s (+1.3%)2.005s (~)0.552s151.18x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)2.185s3.007s0.822s101.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.067s (-10.2% 🟢)3.119s (-15.5% 🟢)1.052s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.080s (-1.1%)3.585s (+9.3% 🔺)1.505s91.01x
▲ VercelNitro2.237s (+4.5%)3.568s (+4.6%)1.331s91.08x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Nitro1.976s (-4.3%)2.515s (-8.2% 🟢)0.539s121.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.990s (+16.5% 🔺)2.598s (+20.6% 🔺)0.609s121.01x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)2.015s2.513s0.498s121.02x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)2.533s3.008s0.476s101.28x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)2.575s3.009s0.434s101.30x
💻 LocalExpress2.715s (-2.0%)3.008s (~)0.293s101.37x
💻 LocalNitro2.760s (+1.6%)3.008s (~)0.248s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)4.793s5.177s0.384s62.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.386s (-13.9% 🟢)3.554s (-3.8%)1.168s91.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.509s (-6.9% 🟢)3.388s (-6.3% 🟢)0.879s91.05x
▲ VercelNitro3.112s (+28.8% 🔺)4.216s (+15.7% 🔺)1.104s81.30x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
🐘 Postgres🥇 Express3.589s (+29.6% 🔺)4.274s (+19.7% 🔺)0.684s81.00x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)3.779s4.593s0.814s71.05x
🐘 PostgresNitro3.927s (+13.9% 🔺)4.460s (+3.5%)0.533s71.09x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)4.205s5.012s0.807s61.17x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)7.981s8.516s0.535s42.22x
💻 LocalExpress8.094s (-3.9%)9.022s (~)0.928s42.25x
💻 LocalNitro8.152s (-1.0%)8.773s (-2.8%)0.620s42.27x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)10.049s10.350s0.300s32.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)2.742s (-21.3% 🟢)4.323s (-13.6% 🟢)1.581s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress3.019s (+5.3% 🔺)4.603s (+14.8% 🔺)1.583s71.10x
▲ VercelNitro3.096s (+10.5% 🔺)4.491s (+3.1%)1.395s71.13x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.137s1.002s0.011s1.017s0.880s101.00x
🌐 RedisNext.js (Turbopack)0.152s1.000s0.002s1.008s0.856s101.11x
💻 LocalNitro0.168s (-1.5%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-0.9%)1.017s (~)0.849s101.23x
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)0.177s1.001s0.002s1.014s0.837s101.29x
💻 LocalExpress0.178s (+3.7%)1.003s (~)0.011s (-1.7%)1.018s (~)0.840s101.30x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.184s (~)0.992s (~)0.001s (-14.3% 🟢)1.012s (~)0.828s101.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.192s (+41.9% 🔺)0.994s (-0.6%)0.001s (~)1.015s (~)0.823s101.40x
🌐 MongoDBNext.js (Turbopack)0.489s0.953s0.002s1.009s0.520s103.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro1.442s (-6.1% 🟢)2.389s (+4.3%)0.150s (-6.4% 🟢)2.968s (+2.4%)1.526s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress1.682s (+12.8% 🔺)2.678s (+9.5% 🔺)0.119s (-20.2% 🟢)3.274s (+11.5% 🔺)1.592s101.17x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)1.865s (+16.5% 🔺)2.656s (+7.4% 🔺)0.133s (-72.4% 🟢)3.213s (-5.9% 🟢)1.348s101.29x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)9/12
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)6/12
▲ VercelNitro7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express🐘 Postgres6/12
Next.js (Turbopack)💻 Local4/12
Nitro🐘 Postgres6/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

Enables e2e encryption for the nextjs-turbopack workbench deployment by configuring VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY in the Vercel project config so the test suite exercises encrypted payloads and decryption paths.

Changes:

  • Adds VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY to the workbench’s vercel.json environment configuration.

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"env": {
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1"
"WORKFLOW_PUBLIC_MANIFEST": "1",
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="

CopilotAIMar 4, 2026

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VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY looks like a sensitive deployment secret (used to derive encryption keys) but is being committed as a literal value in vercel.json. This exposes the key in git history and to anyone with repo access, and it will apply to every future deployment of this workbench. Please remove the hard-coded value and source it from Vercel-managed environment variables/secrets instead (e.g., configure it in the Vercel project/preview env, or reference a Vercel secret rather than inlining). Also rotate the key since it’s now been published in the PR diff.

Suggested change
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "6r4/aqeYUXPsPyLozM4OjSiS7N88aeuWYLFMAKiDE94="
"VERCEL_DEPLOYMENT_KEY": "@vercel-deployment-key"

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This is a false positive. The workbench/nextjs-turbopack project is a private test workbench used for e2e testing — it's not a production application. The key is intentionally committed as a test fixture so that CI deployments of this workbench exercise the encryption code paths. There's no security risk here since this key only protects test data in a test environment.

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It's temporary dude. Read the PR description.

Comment threadpackages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts Outdated
…eout(r, NaN)` to resolve immediately (0ms), triggering rapid-fire retries against a rate-limited API endpoint.
This commit fixes the issue reported at packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts:138
**Bug Analysis:**
In `packages/world-vercel/src/encryption.ts`, the `fetchRunKey` function handles HTTP 429 (rate limited) responses by reading the `retry-after` header and computing a delay. The original code was:
```js
const retryAfter = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const delay = retryAfter
? Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10) * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Per RFC 9110, the `Retry-After` header can contain either a number of seconds OR an HTTP date string (e.g., `"Wed, 21 Oct 2015 07:28:00 GMT"`). When the header contains a date string or any non-numeric value, `Number.parseInt(retryAfter, 10)` returns `NaN`. Since the header string is truthy (non-empty), the ternary takes the parseInt path rather than the exponential backoff fallback. `NaN * 1000` evaluates to `NaN`, and `setTimeout(r, NaN)` resolves immediately (~0ms, confirmed by testing). This causes rapid-fire retries (up to 5 iterations with zero delay) against a rate-limited API endpoint, wasting resources and potentially worsening the rate-limiting situation.
**Fix:**
Parse the integer first, then check if the result is NaN before using it. If NaN, fall back to exponential backoff with jitter. This matches the established pattern already used in `packages/world-vercel/src/utils.ts` (lines 309-315) where the same header is properly guarded with `!Number.isNaN(parsed)`.
```js
const retryAfterHeader = response.headers.get('retry-after');
const parsedRetryAfter = retryAfterHeader
? Number.parseInt(retryAfterHeader, 10)
: NaN;
const delay = !Number.isNaN(parsedRetryAfter)
? parsedRetryAfter * 1000
: BASE_DELAY_MS * 2 ** attempt + Math.random() * 500;
```
Co-authored-by: Vercel <vercel[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: TooTallNate <n@n8.io>
With encryption enabled on the nextjs-turbopack workbench, CLI inspect
output shows encrypted data as placeholders. The e2e tests check for
actual output values, so they need --decrypt to see the real data.
The shared RetryAgent from getDispatcher() already handles 429/5xx
retries with exponential backoff and Retry-After header support.
The manual retry loop in fetchRunKey was redundant.
Also add changeset for the VERCEL=1 external context fix.
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3 participants

@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious