[web-shared] Enable in-line decryption for data inspector in detail panel

[karthikscale3]

Changes

Enable in-line decryption for data inspector in detail panel. This is a follow-up to the following PR

• [web][web-shared][core] Make encrypted markers clickable and detect encryption before span selection #1716

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f088de9

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 1 package

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch

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Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.035s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.971s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.044s (+22.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.961s	10	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.046s	1.005s	0.959s	10	1.32x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s (+16.9% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.952s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.950s	10	1.75x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.070s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.941s	10	2.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.261s (+0.9%)	2.277s (+12.9% 🔺)	2.016s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.296s (+14.7% 🔺)	2.117s (+17.6% 🔺)	1.820s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-2.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.910s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.114s	2.005s	0.892s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.131s (+3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.876s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.135s (+1.1%)	2.011s (~)	0.876s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.143s (-0.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.866s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.149s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.861s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.845s (-3.2%)	3.905s (+1.9%)	2.060s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.923s (-3.0%)	3.398s (-12.0% 🟢)	1.475s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.629s (-2.9%)	11.021s (~)	0.393s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.771s	11.023s	0.253s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.853s (+0.6%)	11.025s (~)	0.172s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.897s (~)	11.021s (~)	0.123s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.948s (~)	11.026s (~)	0.078s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	10.969s (+3.1%)	11.024s (~)	0.055s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	16.943s (-10.7% 🟢)	19.044s (-7.2% 🟢)	2.101s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.825s (+0.6%)	19.110s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.285s	2	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.169s (-5.6% 🟢)	15.028s (~)	0.858s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.486s (~)	15.025s (~)	0.539s	4	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.525s (+2.5%)	15.026s (~)	0.501s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.612s	15.030s	0.417s	4	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.678s (+0.8%)	15.027s (~)	0.349s	4	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	15.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	15.281s (+1.7%)	0.276s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	33.195s (-7.1% 🟢)	34.735s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.540s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	34.156s (~)	36.284s (~)	2.129s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.857s (-0.7%)	14.025s (-2.0%)	0.168s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.874s (+3.4%)	14.305s (+1.0%)	0.431s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.066s (~)	15.026s (+2.0%)	0.959s	6	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	14.808s (-11.6% 🟢)	15.026s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.218s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.671s	16.030s	0.359s	6	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	16.909s (+12.4% 🔺)	17.031s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.122s	6	1.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	50.028s (-8.2% 🟢)	51.650s (-8.5% 🟢)	1.622s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	50.526s (-8.9% 🟢)	52.351s (-9.3% 🟢)	1.824s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.223s (+3.1%)	2.010s (~)	0.788s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-1.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.753s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.271s (-0.8%)	2.011s (~)	0.739s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.486s (-2.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.486s	2.006s	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.544s (+7.2% 🔺)	2.007s (~)	0.462s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.953s (-27.4% 🟢)	3.347s (-24.9% 🟢)	1.394s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.771s (-5.2% 🟢)	4.700s (+0.9%)	1.929s	7	1.42x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.321s (-1.2%)	3.009s (~)	0.688s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.389s (-2.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.390s (+1.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.596s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.411s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.822s	3.208s	0.385s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.086s (+19.7% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.798s	8	1.33x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.537s (-3.7%)	3.964s (-9.9% 🟢)	1.427s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.715s (-0.6%)	4.318s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.603s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.464s (-0.9%)	4.010s (~)	0.545s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.502s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.510s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.682s (+2.3%)	4.009s (~)	0.326s	8	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.491s	7.217s	0.725s	5	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.920s (-17.3% 🟢)	7.215s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.294s	5	2.00x
💻 Local	Express	8.780s (+30.7% 🔺)	9.523s (+35.7% 🔺)	0.743s	4	2.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.658s (-15.0% 🟢)	4.122s (-16.4% 🟢)	1.464s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.705s (+3.8%)	4.496s (+6.2% 🔺)	1.790s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.216s (+2.2%)	2.007s (~)	0.791s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-0.8%)	2.008s (~)	0.752s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.273s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.737s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.449s	2.006s	0.557s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.479s (-2.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.526s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.548s (+5.5% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.457s	15	1.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.203s (+7.5% 🔺)	4.113s (~)	1.910s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.322s (+0.9%)	3.714s (-14.1% 🟢)	1.392s	9	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.357s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.653s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.373s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.636s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.378s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.631s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.632s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.375s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s	3.110s	0.299s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	3.089s (+3.9%)	3.885s (+16.2% 🔺)	0.796s	8	1.31x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.118s (+15.4% 🔺)	4.622s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.504s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.708s (+48.5% 🔺)	5.673s (+35.4% 🔺)	1.965s	6	1.19x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.493s (~)	4.013s (~)	0.521s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.501s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.512s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.641s (+1.8%)	4.014s (~)	0.373s	8	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.502s (-19.7% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.514s	4	2.15x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.726s	8.267s	0.541s	4	2.21x
💻 Local	Express	8.925s (+10.9% 🔺)	9.023s (+2.9%)	0.097s	4	2.56x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.038s (-5.6% 🟢)	4.491s (-12.2% 🟢)	1.453s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.222s (+41.9% 🔺)	6.089s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.868s	5	1.39x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.671s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.004s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.333s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.798s (-4.3%)	1.006s (~)	0.208s	60	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.805s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.218s	59	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.838s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.169s	60	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.848s	1.021s	0.173s	59	1.26x
💻 Local	Express	0.998s (+42.4% 🔺)	1.338s (+33.3% 🔺)	0.341s	45	1.49x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	8.452s (-9.5% 🟢)	10.321s (-7.4% 🟢)	1.868s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.852s (-8.5% 🟢)	10.269s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.417s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.887s (-3.9%)	2.052s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.166s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.943s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.147s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.204s	43	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.913s (+29.4% 🔺)	0.841s	31	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.007s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.809s	30	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.794s	3.181s	0.386s	29	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	3.032s (+24.2% 🔺)	3.801s (+19.5% 🔺)	0.769s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	28.470s (+1.9%)	30.199s (~)	1.729s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.281s (+11.9% 🔺)	33.706s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.425s	3	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.857s (-4.1%)	4.111s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.254s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.003s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.332s (+8.9% 🔺)	0.329s	28	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.179s (+7.3% 🔺)	5.013s (+20.8% 🔺)	0.834s	24	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.178s (-22.4% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.836s	15	1.86x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.359s	9.017s	0.658s	14	2.17x
💻 Local	Express	9.218s (+26.2% 🔺)	9.865s (+24.1% 🔺)	0.646s	13	2.39x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	74.352s (+4.7%)	75.689s (+2.7%)	1.337s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	74.492s (-2.7%)	76.675s (-2.2%)	2.184s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.252s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.755s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.283s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.724s	60	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.304s (+10.4% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.703s	60	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.004s	0.480s	60	2.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.558s (-3.8%)	1.004s (~)	0.445s	60	2.22x
💻 Local	Express	0.598s (+2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.406s	60	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.461s (+6.5% 🔺)	2.942s (~)	1.481s	21	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.663s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.017s (-6.2% 🟢)	1.355s	20	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.479s (+14.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.527s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.488s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.518s	90	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.525s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.482s	90	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.353s (-4.9%)	3.007s (~)	0.654s	30	4.91x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.422s	2.976s	0.555s	31	5.06x
💻 Local	Express	2.618s (+9.3% 🔺)	3.009s (~)	0.392s	30	5.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.302s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.739s (-16.5% 🟢)	1.437s	25	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.578s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.515s (+0.7%)	1.936s	21	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.781s (+17.7% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.226s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.784s (-0.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.223s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.874s (+11.7% 🔺)	1.047s (+3.9%)	0.173s	115	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.144s	10.691s	0.547s	12	12.99x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.222s (-8.0% 🟢)	10.934s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.712s	11	13.09x
💻 Local	Express	11.398s (+13.9% 🔺)	12.029s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.632s	10	14.60x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.280s (-4.8%)	7.561s (-12.3% 🟢)	1.280s	16	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	7.572s (+13.4% 🔺)	9.558s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.985s	13	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.141s (-30.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.009s (-20.2% 🟢)	1.015s (~)	0.875s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.171s	1.002s	0.010s	1.015s	0.844s	10	1.22x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.192s (+16.2% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.001s (+30.0% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.817s	10	1.37x
💻 Local	Express	0.205s (+46.7% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+26.6% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.813s	10	1.46x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.209s (+1.3%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.800s	10	1.49x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (+1.2%)	0.996s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.796s	10	1.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.410s (-10.6% 🟢)	2.730s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.806s (+117.3% 🔺)	4.044s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.633s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.806s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.972s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.018s (+43.8% 🔺)	4.360s (+9.9% 🔺)	2.555s	10	1.28x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.593s (-2.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.004s (-19.2% 🟢)	1.022s (~)	0.429s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.618s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.006s (+50.2% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.406s	59	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.646s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.005s (+28.6% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.377s	59	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.656s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.009s (-12.5% 🟢)	1.114s (+8.8% 🔺)	0.458s	54	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	0.735s (+31.6% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.010s (+10.9% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.289s	59	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.763s	1.010s	0.009s	1.115s	0.352s	54	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.363s (-2.6%)	6.053s (~)	0.259s (-8.4% 🟢)	6.785s (-2.6%)	2.423s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.578s (+10.3% 🔺)	5.798s (-2.0%)	0.283s (+3.3%)	6.510s (-2.1%)	1.931s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.926s (~)	1.151s (+3.6%)	0.000s (-66.0% 🟢)	1.160s (+3.6%)	0.234s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.946s (~)	1.147s (-1.9%)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	1.178s (-0.6%)	0.232s	51	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.989s (+0.9%)	1.336s (+12.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.368s (+12.3% 🔺)	0.378s	44	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.148s (-7.3% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.871s	30	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.231s	2.018s	0.000s	2.021s	0.791s	30	1.33x
💻 Local	Express	1.249s (+9.6% 🔺)	2.022s (~)	0.000s (+12.5% 🔺)	2.024s (~)	0.774s	30	1.35x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.209s (+22.5% 🔺)	4.281s (+11.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-96.0% 🟢)	4.616s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.406s	13	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.233s (+10.2% 🔺)	4.549s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.093s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.859s	12	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.739s (-2.3%)	2.098s (-1.8%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.116s (-1.4%)	0.377s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.822s (-3.1%)	2.071s (-8.4% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.100s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.278s	29	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.852s (+5.0% 🔺)	2.178s (+3.7%)	0.000s (+107.1% 🔺)	2.189s (+3.6%)	0.338s	28	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.406s (-2.8%)	3.967s (-3.3%)	0.000s (-66.5% 🟢)	3.971s (-3.3%)	0.564s	16	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.419s	4.031s	0.001s	4.035s	0.617s	15	1.97x
💻 Local	Express	3.530s (+7.8% 🔺)	4.233s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-32.1% 🟢)	4.235s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.705s	15	2.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.963s (-6.3% 🟢)	4.927s (-12.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.303s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.340s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.229s (+8.7% 🔺)	5.931s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-81.7% 🟢)	6.416s (+7.8% 🔺)	2.187s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	17/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	11/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	923	0	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	898	0	182	1080
✅ 📦 Local Production	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	82	0	8	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	133	74	24	231
✅ 📋 Other	228	0	42	270
Total	4060	74	687	4821

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (74 failed)

mongodb (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

redis (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

turso (60 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KP52A4ECAC6TZE7JQX9CRH07
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KP52930MERMWKMYP2XFTVNT5
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KP5298YTXHGVA8SDQ9TRCCK5
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KP529B85G29AB3SW9BGQD3RT
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AEWRAWD7KYKWY0CHX00S
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KP529QE541X8VBE2VE0XXPKH
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AJEE571RJYP347ETBS23
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AYD93GRNTEVP4BFTWD20
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B357672Z7S22V9M7YSAC
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B5EM35KQHKEQ2V7GBZ4D
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DZKN6GXPQKX2PNF3VE0Y
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KP52HS2MW3P1K8V72RK3NYC2
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KP52K5SX5WGS2J85DJ2DNRP9
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KP52KTMZJ1NCBQT1QFCH7SRB
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KP52M4542SYGCMKCJEBH3YN8
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KP52MBFC994AV2M0H0666PNJ
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KP52MDPNDTRANKTFQ4W8E4NB
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KP52MSPY2HATHNC8C7ZRDE8J
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KP52N94FE2NEHZ608BRT8YGC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KP52NFCX11CSAD8X3EVS4EKB
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KP52NPMBSYKD8AXC36V0SXJ0
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KP52NX6YWBTSY8DYP7S3AHZJ
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KP52P39YVAXXX00EDYY07K4V
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KP52PA8YDJMWQP8E288AAD8G
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52PHFSNG729V6W4YMWPWVJ
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KP52PXDT50MXADXXVAJR4QD2
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KP52Q5SXJCD4CT6TGW2ENRN2
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QD0RMBP2GRJH0W3HDWRD
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QQKD7BAFWX6ET1QYAC3K
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KP52R4G627YMB6DYNPXKNTA8
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KP52RTVDTSSWTFF98Y6T1X9H
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KP52S6514V5TJ08VRD51941E
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KP52SEZAQQDXA6FHADF3W2QJ
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KP52SH85M5HFBX5Y0WE9DE4V
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52SQGKGGFHE4QW2W43033T

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	83	0	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	82	0	8

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	6	0	0
❌ mongodb	56	7	8
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	7	8
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	60	8

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	76	0	14

---

📋 View full workflow run

[ghost]

Backported to stable (3eb5034 -> 1c70bfa).

[karthikscale3]

Changes

Enable in-line decryption for data inspector in detail panel. This is a follow-up to the following PR

• [web][web-shared][core] Make encrypted markers clickable and detect encryption before span selection #1716

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f088de9

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 1 package

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.035s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.971s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.044s (+22.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.961s	10	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.046s	1.005s	0.959s	10	1.32x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s (+16.9% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.952s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.950s	10	1.75x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.070s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.941s	10	2.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.261s (+0.9%)	2.277s (+12.9% 🔺)	2.016s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.296s (+14.7% 🔺)	2.117s (+17.6% 🔺)	1.820s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-2.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.910s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.114s	2.005s	0.892s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.131s (+3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.876s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.135s (+1.1%)	2.011s (~)	0.876s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.143s (-0.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.866s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.149s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.861s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.845s (-3.2%)	3.905s (+1.9%)	2.060s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.923s (-3.0%)	3.398s (-12.0% 🟢)	1.475s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.629s (-2.9%)	11.021s (~)	0.393s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.771s	11.023s	0.253s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.853s (+0.6%)	11.025s (~)	0.172s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.897s (~)	11.021s (~)	0.123s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.948s (~)	11.026s (~)	0.078s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	10.969s (+3.1%)	11.024s (~)	0.055s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	16.943s (-10.7% 🟢)	19.044s (-7.2% 🟢)	2.101s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.825s (+0.6%)	19.110s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.285s	2	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.169s (-5.6% 🟢)	15.028s (~)	0.858s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.486s (~)	15.025s (~)	0.539s	4	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.525s (+2.5%)	15.026s (~)	0.501s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.612s	15.030s	0.417s	4	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.678s (+0.8%)	15.027s (~)	0.349s	4	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	15.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	15.281s (+1.7%)	0.276s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	33.195s (-7.1% 🟢)	34.735s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.540s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	34.156s (~)	36.284s (~)	2.129s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.857s (-0.7%)	14.025s (-2.0%)	0.168s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.874s (+3.4%)	14.305s (+1.0%)	0.431s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.066s (~)	15.026s (+2.0%)	0.959s	6	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	14.808s (-11.6% 🟢)	15.026s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.218s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.671s	16.030s	0.359s	6	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	16.909s (+12.4% 🔺)	17.031s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.122s	6	1.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	50.028s (-8.2% 🟢)	51.650s (-8.5% 🟢)	1.622s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	50.526s (-8.9% 🟢)	52.351s (-9.3% 🟢)	1.824s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.223s (+3.1%)	2.010s (~)	0.788s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-1.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.753s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.271s (-0.8%)	2.011s (~)	0.739s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.486s (-2.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.486s	2.006s	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.544s (+7.2% 🔺)	2.007s (~)	0.462s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.953s (-27.4% 🟢)	3.347s (-24.9% 🟢)	1.394s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.771s (-5.2% 🟢)	4.700s (+0.9%)	1.929s	7	1.42x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.321s (-1.2%)	3.009s (~)	0.688s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.389s (-2.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.390s (+1.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.596s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.411s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.822s	3.208s	0.385s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.086s (+19.7% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.798s	8	1.33x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.537s (-3.7%)	3.964s (-9.9% 🟢)	1.427s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.715s (-0.6%)	4.318s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.603s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.464s (-0.9%)	4.010s (~)	0.545s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.502s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.510s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.682s (+2.3%)	4.009s (~)	0.326s	8	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.491s	7.217s	0.725s	5	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.920s (-17.3% 🟢)	7.215s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.294s	5	2.00x
💻 Local	Express	8.780s (+30.7% 🔺)	9.523s (+35.7% 🔺)	0.743s	4	2.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.658s (-15.0% 🟢)	4.122s (-16.4% 🟢)	1.464s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.705s (+3.8%)	4.496s (+6.2% 🔺)	1.790s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.216s (+2.2%)	2.007s (~)	0.791s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-0.8%)	2.008s (~)	0.752s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.273s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.737s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.449s	2.006s	0.557s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.479s (-2.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.526s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.548s (+5.5% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.457s	15	1.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.203s (+7.5% 🔺)	4.113s (~)	1.910s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.322s (+0.9%)	3.714s (-14.1% 🟢)	1.392s	9	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.357s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.653s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.373s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.636s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.378s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.631s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.632s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.375s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s	3.110s	0.299s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	3.089s (+3.9%)	3.885s (+16.2% 🔺)	0.796s	8	1.31x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.118s (+15.4% 🔺)	4.622s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.504s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.708s (+48.5% 🔺)	5.673s (+35.4% 🔺)	1.965s	6	1.19x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.493s (~)	4.013s (~)	0.521s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.501s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.512s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.641s (+1.8%)	4.014s (~)	0.373s	8	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.502s (-19.7% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.514s	4	2.15x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.726s	8.267s	0.541s	4	2.21x
💻 Local	Express	8.925s (+10.9% 🔺)	9.023s (+2.9%)	0.097s	4	2.56x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.038s (-5.6% 🟢)	4.491s (-12.2% 🟢)	1.453s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.222s (+41.9% 🔺)	6.089s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.868s	5	1.39x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.671s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.004s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.333s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.798s (-4.3%)	1.006s (~)	0.208s	60	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.805s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.218s	59	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.838s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.169s	60	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.848s	1.021s	0.173s	59	1.26x
💻 Local	Express	0.998s (+42.4% 🔺)	1.338s (+33.3% 🔺)	0.341s	45	1.49x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	8.452s (-9.5% 🟢)	10.321s (-7.4% 🟢)	1.868s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.852s (-8.5% 🟢)	10.269s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.417s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.887s (-3.9%)	2.052s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.166s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.943s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.147s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.204s	43	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.913s (+29.4% 🔺)	0.841s	31	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.007s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.809s	30	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.794s	3.181s	0.386s	29	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	3.032s (+24.2% 🔺)	3.801s (+19.5% 🔺)	0.769s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	28.470s (+1.9%)	30.199s (~)	1.729s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.281s (+11.9% 🔺)	33.706s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.425s	3	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.857s (-4.1%)	4.111s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.254s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.003s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.332s (+8.9% 🔺)	0.329s	28	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.179s (+7.3% 🔺)	5.013s (+20.8% 🔺)	0.834s	24	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.178s (-22.4% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.836s	15	1.86x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.359s	9.017s	0.658s	14	2.17x
💻 Local	Express	9.218s (+26.2% 🔺)	9.865s (+24.1% 🔺)	0.646s	13	2.39x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	74.352s (+4.7%)	75.689s (+2.7%)	1.337s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	74.492s (-2.7%)	76.675s (-2.2%)	2.184s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.252s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.755s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.283s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.724s	60	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.304s (+10.4% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.703s	60	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.004s	0.480s	60	2.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.558s (-3.8%)	1.004s (~)	0.445s	60	2.22x
💻 Local	Express	0.598s (+2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.406s	60	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.461s (+6.5% 🔺)	2.942s (~)	1.481s	21	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.663s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.017s (-6.2% 🟢)	1.355s	20	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.479s (+14.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.527s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.488s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.518s	90	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.525s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.482s	90	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.353s (-4.9%)	3.007s (~)	0.654s	30	4.91x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.422s	2.976s	0.555s	31	5.06x
💻 Local	Express	2.618s (+9.3% 🔺)	3.009s (~)	0.392s	30	5.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.302s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.739s (-16.5% 🟢)	1.437s	25	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.578s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.515s (+0.7%)	1.936s	21	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.781s (+17.7% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.226s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.784s (-0.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.223s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.874s (+11.7% 🔺)	1.047s (+3.9%)	0.173s	115	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.144s	10.691s	0.547s	12	12.99x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.222s (-8.0% 🟢)	10.934s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.712s	11	13.09x
💻 Local	Express	11.398s (+13.9% 🔺)	12.029s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.632s	10	14.60x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.280s (-4.8%)	7.561s (-12.3% 🟢)	1.280s	16	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	7.572s (+13.4% 🔺)	9.558s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.985s	13	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.141s (-30.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.009s (-20.2% 🟢)	1.015s (~)	0.875s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.171s	1.002s	0.010s	1.015s	0.844s	10	1.22x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.192s (+16.2% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.001s (+30.0% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.817s	10	1.37x
💻 Local	Express	0.205s (+46.7% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+26.6% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.813s	10	1.46x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.209s (+1.3%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.800s	10	1.49x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (+1.2%)	0.996s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.796s	10	1.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.410s (-10.6% 🟢)	2.730s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.806s (+117.3% 🔺)	4.044s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.633s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.806s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.972s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.018s (+43.8% 🔺)	4.360s (+9.9% 🔺)	2.555s	10	1.28x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.593s (-2.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.004s (-19.2% 🟢)	1.022s (~)	0.429s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.618s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.006s (+50.2% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.406s	59	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.646s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.005s (+28.6% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.377s	59	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.656s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.009s (-12.5% 🟢)	1.114s (+8.8% 🔺)	0.458s	54	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	0.735s (+31.6% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.010s (+10.9% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.289s	59	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.763s	1.010s	0.009s	1.115s	0.352s	54	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.363s (-2.6%)	6.053s (~)	0.259s (-8.4% 🟢)	6.785s (-2.6%)	2.423s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.578s (+10.3% 🔺)	5.798s (-2.0%)	0.283s (+3.3%)	6.510s (-2.1%)	1.931s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.926s (~)	1.151s (+3.6%)	0.000s (-66.0% 🟢)	1.160s (+3.6%)	0.234s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.946s (~)	1.147s (-1.9%)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	1.178s (-0.6%)	0.232s	51	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.989s (+0.9%)	1.336s (+12.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.368s (+12.3% 🔺)	0.378s	44	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.148s (-7.3% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.871s	30	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.231s	2.018s	0.000s	2.021s	0.791s	30	1.33x
💻 Local	Express	1.249s (+9.6% 🔺)	2.022s (~)	0.000s (+12.5% 🔺)	2.024s (~)	0.774s	30	1.35x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.209s (+22.5% 🔺)	4.281s (+11.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-96.0% 🟢)	4.616s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.406s	13	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.233s (+10.2% 🔺)	4.549s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.093s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.859s	12	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.739s (-2.3%)	2.098s (-1.8%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.116s (-1.4%)	0.377s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.822s (-3.1%)	2.071s (-8.4% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.100s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.278s	29	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.852s (+5.0% 🔺)	2.178s (+3.7%)	0.000s (+107.1% 🔺)	2.189s (+3.6%)	0.338s	28	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.406s (-2.8%)	3.967s (-3.3%)	0.000s (-66.5% 🟢)	3.971s (-3.3%)	0.564s	16	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.419s	4.031s	0.001s	4.035s	0.617s	15	1.97x
💻 Local	Express	3.530s (+7.8% 🔺)	4.233s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-32.1% 🟢)	4.235s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.705s	15	2.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.963s (-6.3% 🟢)	4.927s (-12.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.303s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.340s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.229s (+8.7% 🔺)	5.931s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-81.7% 🟢)	6.416s (+7.8% 🔺)	2.187s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	17/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	11/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	923	0	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	898	0	182	1080
✅ 📦 Local Production	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	82	0	8	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	133	74	24	231
✅ 📋 Other	228	0	42	270
Total	4060	74	687	4821

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (74 failed)

mongodb (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

redis (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

turso (60 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KP52A4ECAC6TZE7JQX9CRH07
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KP52930MERMWKMYP2XFTVNT5
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KP5298YTXHGVA8SDQ9TRCCK5
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KP529B85G29AB3SW9BGQD3RT
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AEWRAWD7KYKWY0CHX00S
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KP529QE541X8VBE2VE0XXPKH
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AJEE571RJYP347ETBS23
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AYD93GRNTEVP4BFTWD20
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B357672Z7S22V9M7YSAC
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B5EM35KQHKEQ2V7GBZ4D
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DZKN6GXPQKX2PNF3VE0Y
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KP52HS2MW3P1K8V72RK3NYC2
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KP52K5SX5WGS2J85DJ2DNRP9
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KP52KTMZJ1NCBQT1QFCH7SRB
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KP52M4542SYGCMKCJEBH3YN8
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KP52MBFC994AV2M0H0666PNJ
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KP52MDPNDTRANKTFQ4W8E4NB
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KP52MSPY2HATHNC8C7ZRDE8J
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KP52N94FE2NEHZ608BRT8YGC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KP52NFCX11CSAD8X3EVS4EKB
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KP52NPMBSYKD8AXC36V0SXJ0
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KP52NX6YWBTSY8DYP7S3AHZJ
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KP52P39YVAXXX00EDYY07K4V
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KP52PA8YDJMWQP8E288AAD8G
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52PHFSNG729V6W4YMWPWVJ
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KP52PXDT50MXADXXVAJR4QD2
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KP52Q5SXJCD4CT6TGW2ENRN2
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QD0RMBP2GRJH0W3HDWRD
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QQKD7BAFWX6ET1QYAC3K
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KP52R4G627YMB6DYNPXKNTA8
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KP52RTVDTSSWTFF98Y6T1X9H
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KP52S6514V5TJ08VRD51941E
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KP52SEZAQQDXA6FHADF3W2QJ
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KP52SH85M5HFBX5Y0WE9DE4V
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52SQGKGGFHE4QW2W43033T

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	83	0	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	82	0	8

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	6	0	0
❌ mongodb	56	7	8
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	7	8
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	60	8

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	76	0	14

---

📋 View full workflow run

[ghost]

Backported to stable (3eb5034 -> 1c70bfa).

[karthikscale3]

Changes

Enable in-line decryption for data inspector in detail panel. This is a follow-up to the following PR

• [web][web-shared][core] Make encrypted markers clickable and detect encryption before span selection #1716

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f088de9

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 1 package

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.035s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.971s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.044s (+22.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.961s	10	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.046s	1.005s	0.959s	10	1.32x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s (+16.9% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.952s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.950s	10	1.75x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.070s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.941s	10	2.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.261s (+0.9%)	2.277s (+12.9% 🔺)	2.016s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.296s (+14.7% 🔺)	2.117s (+17.6% 🔺)	1.820s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-2.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.910s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.114s	2.005s	0.892s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.131s (+3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.876s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.135s (+1.1%)	2.011s (~)	0.876s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.143s (-0.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.866s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.149s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.861s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.845s (-3.2%)	3.905s (+1.9%)	2.060s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.923s (-3.0%)	3.398s (-12.0% 🟢)	1.475s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.629s (-2.9%)	11.021s (~)	0.393s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.771s	11.023s	0.253s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.853s (+0.6%)	11.025s (~)	0.172s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.897s (~)	11.021s (~)	0.123s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.948s (~)	11.026s (~)	0.078s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	10.969s (+3.1%)	11.024s (~)	0.055s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	16.943s (-10.7% 🟢)	19.044s (-7.2% 🟢)	2.101s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.825s (+0.6%)	19.110s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.285s	2	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.169s (-5.6% 🟢)	15.028s (~)	0.858s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.486s (~)	15.025s (~)	0.539s	4	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.525s (+2.5%)	15.026s (~)	0.501s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.612s	15.030s	0.417s	4	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.678s (+0.8%)	15.027s (~)	0.349s	4	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	15.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	15.281s (+1.7%)	0.276s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	33.195s (-7.1% 🟢)	34.735s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.540s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	34.156s (~)	36.284s (~)	2.129s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.857s (-0.7%)	14.025s (-2.0%)	0.168s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.874s (+3.4%)	14.305s (+1.0%)	0.431s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.066s (~)	15.026s (+2.0%)	0.959s	6	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	14.808s (-11.6% 🟢)	15.026s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.218s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.671s	16.030s	0.359s	6	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	16.909s (+12.4% 🔺)	17.031s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.122s	6	1.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	50.028s (-8.2% 🟢)	51.650s (-8.5% 🟢)	1.622s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	50.526s (-8.9% 🟢)	52.351s (-9.3% 🟢)	1.824s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.223s (+3.1%)	2.010s (~)	0.788s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-1.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.753s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.271s (-0.8%)	2.011s (~)	0.739s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.486s (-2.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.486s	2.006s	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.544s (+7.2% 🔺)	2.007s (~)	0.462s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.953s (-27.4% 🟢)	3.347s (-24.9% 🟢)	1.394s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.771s (-5.2% 🟢)	4.700s (+0.9%)	1.929s	7	1.42x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.321s (-1.2%)	3.009s (~)	0.688s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.389s (-2.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.390s (+1.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.596s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.411s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.822s	3.208s	0.385s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.086s (+19.7% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.798s	8	1.33x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.537s (-3.7%)	3.964s (-9.9% 🟢)	1.427s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.715s (-0.6%)	4.318s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.603s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.464s (-0.9%)	4.010s (~)	0.545s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.502s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.510s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.682s (+2.3%)	4.009s (~)	0.326s	8	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.491s	7.217s	0.725s	5	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.920s (-17.3% 🟢)	7.215s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.294s	5	2.00x
💻 Local	Express	8.780s (+30.7% 🔺)	9.523s (+35.7% 🔺)	0.743s	4	2.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.658s (-15.0% 🟢)	4.122s (-16.4% 🟢)	1.464s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.705s (+3.8%)	4.496s (+6.2% 🔺)	1.790s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.216s (+2.2%)	2.007s (~)	0.791s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-0.8%)	2.008s (~)	0.752s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.273s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.737s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.449s	2.006s	0.557s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.479s (-2.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.526s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.548s (+5.5% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.457s	15	1.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.203s (+7.5% 🔺)	4.113s (~)	1.910s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.322s (+0.9%)	3.714s (-14.1% 🟢)	1.392s	9	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.357s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.653s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.373s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.636s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.378s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.631s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.632s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.375s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s	3.110s	0.299s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	3.089s (+3.9%)	3.885s (+16.2% 🔺)	0.796s	8	1.31x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.118s (+15.4% 🔺)	4.622s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.504s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.708s (+48.5% 🔺)	5.673s (+35.4% 🔺)	1.965s	6	1.19x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.493s (~)	4.013s (~)	0.521s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.501s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.512s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.641s (+1.8%)	4.014s (~)	0.373s	8	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.502s (-19.7% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.514s	4	2.15x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.726s	8.267s	0.541s	4	2.21x
💻 Local	Express	8.925s (+10.9% 🔺)	9.023s (+2.9%)	0.097s	4	2.56x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.038s (-5.6% 🟢)	4.491s (-12.2% 🟢)	1.453s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.222s (+41.9% 🔺)	6.089s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.868s	5	1.39x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.671s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.004s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.333s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.798s (-4.3%)	1.006s (~)	0.208s	60	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.805s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.218s	59	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.838s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.169s	60	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.848s	1.021s	0.173s	59	1.26x
💻 Local	Express	0.998s (+42.4% 🔺)	1.338s (+33.3% 🔺)	0.341s	45	1.49x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	8.452s (-9.5% 🟢)	10.321s (-7.4% 🟢)	1.868s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.852s (-8.5% 🟢)	10.269s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.417s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.887s (-3.9%)	2.052s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.166s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.943s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.147s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.204s	43	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.913s (+29.4% 🔺)	0.841s	31	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.007s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.809s	30	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.794s	3.181s	0.386s	29	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	3.032s (+24.2% 🔺)	3.801s (+19.5% 🔺)	0.769s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	28.470s (+1.9%)	30.199s (~)	1.729s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.281s (+11.9% 🔺)	33.706s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.425s	3	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.857s (-4.1%)	4.111s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.254s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.003s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.332s (+8.9% 🔺)	0.329s	28	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.179s (+7.3% 🔺)	5.013s (+20.8% 🔺)	0.834s	24	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.178s (-22.4% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.836s	15	1.86x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.359s	9.017s	0.658s	14	2.17x
💻 Local	Express	9.218s (+26.2% 🔺)	9.865s (+24.1% 🔺)	0.646s	13	2.39x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	74.352s (+4.7%)	75.689s (+2.7%)	1.337s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	74.492s (-2.7%)	76.675s (-2.2%)	2.184s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.252s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.755s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.283s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.724s	60	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.304s (+10.4% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.703s	60	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.004s	0.480s	60	2.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.558s (-3.8%)	1.004s (~)	0.445s	60	2.22x
💻 Local	Express	0.598s (+2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.406s	60	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.461s (+6.5% 🔺)	2.942s (~)	1.481s	21	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.663s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.017s (-6.2% 🟢)	1.355s	20	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.479s (+14.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.527s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.488s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.518s	90	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.525s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.482s	90	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.353s (-4.9%)	3.007s (~)	0.654s	30	4.91x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.422s	2.976s	0.555s	31	5.06x
💻 Local	Express	2.618s (+9.3% 🔺)	3.009s (~)	0.392s	30	5.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.302s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.739s (-16.5% 🟢)	1.437s	25	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.578s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.515s (+0.7%)	1.936s	21	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.781s (+17.7% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.226s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.784s (-0.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.223s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.874s (+11.7% 🔺)	1.047s (+3.9%)	0.173s	115	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.144s	10.691s	0.547s	12	12.99x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.222s (-8.0% 🟢)	10.934s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.712s	11	13.09x
💻 Local	Express	11.398s (+13.9% 🔺)	12.029s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.632s	10	14.60x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.280s (-4.8%)	7.561s (-12.3% 🟢)	1.280s	16	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	7.572s (+13.4% 🔺)	9.558s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.985s	13	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.141s (-30.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.009s (-20.2% 🟢)	1.015s (~)	0.875s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.171s	1.002s	0.010s	1.015s	0.844s	10	1.22x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.192s (+16.2% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.001s (+30.0% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.817s	10	1.37x
💻 Local	Express	0.205s (+46.7% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+26.6% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.813s	10	1.46x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.209s (+1.3%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.800s	10	1.49x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (+1.2%)	0.996s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.796s	10	1.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.410s (-10.6% 🟢)	2.730s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.806s (+117.3% 🔺)	4.044s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.633s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.806s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.972s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.018s (+43.8% 🔺)	4.360s (+9.9% 🔺)	2.555s	10	1.28x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.593s (-2.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.004s (-19.2% 🟢)	1.022s (~)	0.429s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.618s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.006s (+50.2% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.406s	59	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.646s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.005s (+28.6% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.377s	59	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.656s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.009s (-12.5% 🟢)	1.114s (+8.8% 🔺)	0.458s	54	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	0.735s (+31.6% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.010s (+10.9% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.289s	59	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.763s	1.010s	0.009s	1.115s	0.352s	54	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.363s (-2.6%)	6.053s (~)	0.259s (-8.4% 🟢)	6.785s (-2.6%)	2.423s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.578s (+10.3% 🔺)	5.798s (-2.0%)	0.283s (+3.3%)	6.510s (-2.1%)	1.931s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.926s (~)	1.151s (+3.6%)	0.000s (-66.0% 🟢)	1.160s (+3.6%)	0.234s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.946s (~)	1.147s (-1.9%)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	1.178s (-0.6%)	0.232s	51	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.989s (+0.9%)	1.336s (+12.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.368s (+12.3% 🔺)	0.378s	44	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.148s (-7.3% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.871s	30	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.231s	2.018s	0.000s	2.021s	0.791s	30	1.33x
💻 Local	Express	1.249s (+9.6% 🔺)	2.022s (~)	0.000s (+12.5% 🔺)	2.024s (~)	0.774s	30	1.35x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.209s (+22.5% 🔺)	4.281s (+11.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-96.0% 🟢)	4.616s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.406s	13	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.233s (+10.2% 🔺)	4.549s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.093s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.859s	12	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.739s (-2.3%)	2.098s (-1.8%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.116s (-1.4%)	0.377s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.822s (-3.1%)	2.071s (-8.4% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.100s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.278s	29	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.852s (+5.0% 🔺)	2.178s (+3.7%)	0.000s (+107.1% 🔺)	2.189s (+3.6%)	0.338s	28	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.406s (-2.8%)	3.967s (-3.3%)	0.000s (-66.5% 🟢)	3.971s (-3.3%)	0.564s	16	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.419s	4.031s	0.001s	4.035s	0.617s	15	1.97x
💻 Local	Express	3.530s (+7.8% 🔺)	4.233s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-32.1% 🟢)	4.235s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.705s	15	2.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.963s (-6.3% 🟢)	4.927s (-12.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.303s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.340s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.229s (+8.7% 🔺)	5.931s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-81.7% 🟢)	6.416s (+7.8% 🔺)	2.187s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	17/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	11/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	923	0	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	898	0	182	1080
✅ 📦 Local Production	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	82	0	8	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	133	74	24	231
✅ 📋 Other	228	0	42	270
Total	4060	74	687	4821

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (74 failed)

mongodb (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

redis (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

turso (60 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KP52A4ECAC6TZE7JQX9CRH07
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KP52930MERMWKMYP2XFTVNT5
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KP5298YTXHGVA8SDQ9TRCCK5
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KP529B85G29AB3SW9BGQD3RT
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AEWRAWD7KYKWY0CHX00S
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KP529QE541X8VBE2VE0XXPKH
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AJEE571RJYP347ETBS23
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AYD93GRNTEVP4BFTWD20
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B357672Z7S22V9M7YSAC
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B5EM35KQHKEQ2V7GBZ4D
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DZKN6GXPQKX2PNF3VE0Y
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KP52HS2MW3P1K8V72RK3NYC2
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KP52K5SX5WGS2J85DJ2DNRP9
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KP52KTMZJ1NCBQT1QFCH7SRB
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KP52M4542SYGCMKCJEBH3YN8
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KP52MBFC994AV2M0H0666PNJ
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KP52MDPNDTRANKTFQ4W8E4NB
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KP52MSPY2HATHNC8C7ZRDE8J
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KP52N94FE2NEHZ608BRT8YGC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KP52NFCX11CSAD8X3EVS4EKB
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KP52NPMBSYKD8AXC36V0SXJ0
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KP52NX6YWBTSY8DYP7S3AHZJ
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KP52P39YVAXXX00EDYY07K4V
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KP52PA8YDJMWQP8E288AAD8G
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52PHFSNG729V6W4YMWPWVJ
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KP52PXDT50MXADXXVAJR4QD2
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KP52Q5SXJCD4CT6TGW2ENRN2
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QD0RMBP2GRJH0W3HDWRD
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QQKD7BAFWX6ET1QYAC3K
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KP52R4G627YMB6DYNPXKNTA8
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KP52RTVDTSSWTFF98Y6T1X9H
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KP52S6514V5TJ08VRD51941E
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KP52SEZAQQDXA6FHADF3W2QJ
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KP52SH85M5HFBX5Y0WE9DE4V
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52SQGKGGFHE4QW2W43033T

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	83	0	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	82	0	8

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	6	0	0
❌ mongodb	56	7	8
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	7	8
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	60	8

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	76	0	14

---

📋 View full workflow run

[ghost]

Backported to stable (3eb5034 -> 1c70bfa).

[karthikscale3]

Changes

Enable in-line decryption for data inspector in detail panel. This is a follow-up to the following PR

• [web][web-shared][core] Make encrypted markers clickable and detect encryption before span selection #1716

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f088de9

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 1 package

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.035s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.971s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.044s (+22.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.961s	10	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.046s	1.005s	0.959s	10	1.32x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s (+16.9% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.952s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.950s	10	1.75x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.070s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.941s	10	2.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.261s (+0.9%)	2.277s (+12.9% 🔺)	2.016s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.296s (+14.7% 🔺)	2.117s (+17.6% 🔺)	1.820s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-2.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.910s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.114s	2.005s	0.892s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.131s (+3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.876s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.135s (+1.1%)	2.011s (~)	0.876s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.143s (-0.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.866s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.149s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.861s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.845s (-3.2%)	3.905s (+1.9%)	2.060s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.923s (-3.0%)	3.398s (-12.0% 🟢)	1.475s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.629s (-2.9%)	11.021s (~)	0.393s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.771s	11.023s	0.253s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.853s (+0.6%)	11.025s (~)	0.172s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.897s (~)	11.021s (~)	0.123s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.948s (~)	11.026s (~)	0.078s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	10.969s (+3.1%)	11.024s (~)	0.055s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	16.943s (-10.7% 🟢)	19.044s (-7.2% 🟢)	2.101s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.825s (+0.6%)	19.110s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.285s	2	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.169s (-5.6% 🟢)	15.028s (~)	0.858s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.486s (~)	15.025s (~)	0.539s	4	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.525s (+2.5%)	15.026s (~)	0.501s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.612s	15.030s	0.417s	4	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.678s (+0.8%)	15.027s (~)	0.349s	4	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	15.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	15.281s (+1.7%)	0.276s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	33.195s (-7.1% 🟢)	34.735s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.540s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	34.156s (~)	36.284s (~)	2.129s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.857s (-0.7%)	14.025s (-2.0%)	0.168s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.874s (+3.4%)	14.305s (+1.0%)	0.431s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.066s (~)	15.026s (+2.0%)	0.959s	6	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	14.808s (-11.6% 🟢)	15.026s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.218s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.671s	16.030s	0.359s	6	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	16.909s (+12.4% 🔺)	17.031s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.122s	6	1.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	50.028s (-8.2% 🟢)	51.650s (-8.5% 🟢)	1.622s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	50.526s (-8.9% 🟢)	52.351s (-9.3% 🟢)	1.824s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.223s (+3.1%)	2.010s (~)	0.788s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-1.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.753s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.271s (-0.8%)	2.011s (~)	0.739s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.486s (-2.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.486s	2.006s	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.544s (+7.2% 🔺)	2.007s (~)	0.462s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.953s (-27.4% 🟢)	3.347s (-24.9% 🟢)	1.394s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.771s (-5.2% 🟢)	4.700s (+0.9%)	1.929s	7	1.42x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.321s (-1.2%)	3.009s (~)	0.688s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.389s (-2.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.390s (+1.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.596s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.411s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.822s	3.208s	0.385s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.086s (+19.7% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.798s	8	1.33x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.537s (-3.7%)	3.964s (-9.9% 🟢)	1.427s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.715s (-0.6%)	4.318s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.603s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.464s (-0.9%)	4.010s (~)	0.545s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.502s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.510s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.682s (+2.3%)	4.009s (~)	0.326s	8	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.491s	7.217s	0.725s	5	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.920s (-17.3% 🟢)	7.215s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.294s	5	2.00x
💻 Local	Express	8.780s (+30.7% 🔺)	9.523s (+35.7% 🔺)	0.743s	4	2.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.658s (-15.0% 🟢)	4.122s (-16.4% 🟢)	1.464s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.705s (+3.8%)	4.496s (+6.2% 🔺)	1.790s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.216s (+2.2%)	2.007s (~)	0.791s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-0.8%)	2.008s (~)	0.752s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.273s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.737s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.449s	2.006s	0.557s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.479s (-2.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.526s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.548s (+5.5% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.457s	15	1.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.203s (+7.5% 🔺)	4.113s (~)	1.910s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.322s (+0.9%)	3.714s (-14.1% 🟢)	1.392s	9	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.357s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.653s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.373s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.636s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.378s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.631s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.632s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.375s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s	3.110s	0.299s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	3.089s (+3.9%)	3.885s (+16.2% 🔺)	0.796s	8	1.31x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.118s (+15.4% 🔺)	4.622s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.504s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.708s (+48.5% 🔺)	5.673s (+35.4% 🔺)	1.965s	6	1.19x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.493s (~)	4.013s (~)	0.521s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.501s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.512s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.641s (+1.8%)	4.014s (~)	0.373s	8	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.502s (-19.7% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.514s	4	2.15x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.726s	8.267s	0.541s	4	2.21x
💻 Local	Express	8.925s (+10.9% 🔺)	9.023s (+2.9%)	0.097s	4	2.56x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.038s (-5.6% 🟢)	4.491s (-12.2% 🟢)	1.453s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.222s (+41.9% 🔺)	6.089s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.868s	5	1.39x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.671s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.004s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.333s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.798s (-4.3%)	1.006s (~)	0.208s	60	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.805s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.218s	59	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.838s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.169s	60	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.848s	1.021s	0.173s	59	1.26x
💻 Local	Express	0.998s (+42.4% 🔺)	1.338s (+33.3% 🔺)	0.341s	45	1.49x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	8.452s (-9.5% 🟢)	10.321s (-7.4% 🟢)	1.868s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.852s (-8.5% 🟢)	10.269s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.417s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.887s (-3.9%)	2.052s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.166s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.943s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.147s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.204s	43	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.913s (+29.4% 🔺)	0.841s	31	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.007s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.809s	30	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.794s	3.181s	0.386s	29	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	3.032s (+24.2% 🔺)	3.801s (+19.5% 🔺)	0.769s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	28.470s (+1.9%)	30.199s (~)	1.729s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.281s (+11.9% 🔺)	33.706s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.425s	3	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.857s (-4.1%)	4.111s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.254s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.003s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.332s (+8.9% 🔺)	0.329s	28	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.179s (+7.3% 🔺)	5.013s (+20.8% 🔺)	0.834s	24	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.178s (-22.4% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.836s	15	1.86x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.359s	9.017s	0.658s	14	2.17x
💻 Local	Express	9.218s (+26.2% 🔺)	9.865s (+24.1% 🔺)	0.646s	13	2.39x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	74.352s (+4.7%)	75.689s (+2.7%)	1.337s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	74.492s (-2.7%)	76.675s (-2.2%)	2.184s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.252s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.755s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.283s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.724s	60	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.304s (+10.4% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.703s	60	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.004s	0.480s	60	2.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.558s (-3.8%)	1.004s (~)	0.445s	60	2.22x
💻 Local	Express	0.598s (+2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.406s	60	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.461s (+6.5% 🔺)	2.942s (~)	1.481s	21	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.663s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.017s (-6.2% 🟢)	1.355s	20	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.479s (+14.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.527s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.488s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.518s	90	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.525s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.482s	90	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.353s (-4.9%)	3.007s (~)	0.654s	30	4.91x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.422s	2.976s	0.555s	31	5.06x
💻 Local	Express	2.618s (+9.3% 🔺)	3.009s (~)	0.392s	30	5.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.302s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.739s (-16.5% 🟢)	1.437s	25	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.578s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.515s (+0.7%)	1.936s	21	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.781s (+17.7% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.226s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.784s (-0.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.223s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.874s (+11.7% 🔺)	1.047s (+3.9%)	0.173s	115	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.144s	10.691s	0.547s	12	12.99x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.222s (-8.0% 🟢)	10.934s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.712s	11	13.09x
💻 Local	Express	11.398s (+13.9% 🔺)	12.029s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.632s	10	14.60x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.280s (-4.8%)	7.561s (-12.3% 🟢)	1.280s	16	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	7.572s (+13.4% 🔺)	9.558s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.985s	13	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.141s (-30.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.009s (-20.2% 🟢)	1.015s (~)	0.875s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.171s	1.002s	0.010s	1.015s	0.844s	10	1.22x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.192s (+16.2% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.001s (+30.0% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.817s	10	1.37x
💻 Local	Express	0.205s (+46.7% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+26.6% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.813s	10	1.46x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.209s (+1.3%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.800s	10	1.49x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (+1.2%)	0.996s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.796s	10	1.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.410s (-10.6% 🟢)	2.730s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.806s (+117.3% 🔺)	4.044s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.633s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.806s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.972s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.018s (+43.8% 🔺)	4.360s (+9.9% 🔺)	2.555s	10	1.28x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.593s (-2.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.004s (-19.2% 🟢)	1.022s (~)	0.429s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.618s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.006s (+50.2% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.406s	59	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.646s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.005s (+28.6% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.377s	59	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.656s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.009s (-12.5% 🟢)	1.114s (+8.8% 🔺)	0.458s	54	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	0.735s (+31.6% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.010s (+10.9% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.289s	59	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.763s	1.010s	0.009s	1.115s	0.352s	54	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.363s (-2.6%)	6.053s (~)	0.259s (-8.4% 🟢)	6.785s (-2.6%)	2.423s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.578s (+10.3% 🔺)	5.798s (-2.0%)	0.283s (+3.3%)	6.510s (-2.1%)	1.931s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.926s (~)	1.151s (+3.6%)	0.000s (-66.0% 🟢)	1.160s (+3.6%)	0.234s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.946s (~)	1.147s (-1.9%)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	1.178s (-0.6%)	0.232s	51	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.989s (+0.9%)	1.336s (+12.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.368s (+12.3% 🔺)	0.378s	44	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.148s (-7.3% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.871s	30	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.231s	2.018s	0.000s	2.021s	0.791s	30	1.33x
💻 Local	Express	1.249s (+9.6% 🔺)	2.022s (~)	0.000s (+12.5% 🔺)	2.024s (~)	0.774s	30	1.35x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.209s (+22.5% 🔺)	4.281s (+11.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-96.0% 🟢)	4.616s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.406s	13	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.233s (+10.2% 🔺)	4.549s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.093s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.859s	12	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.739s (-2.3%)	2.098s (-1.8%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.116s (-1.4%)	0.377s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.822s (-3.1%)	2.071s (-8.4% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.100s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.278s	29	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.852s (+5.0% 🔺)	2.178s (+3.7%)	0.000s (+107.1% 🔺)	2.189s (+3.6%)	0.338s	28	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.406s (-2.8%)	3.967s (-3.3%)	0.000s (-66.5% 🟢)	3.971s (-3.3%)	0.564s	16	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.419s	4.031s	0.001s	4.035s	0.617s	15	1.97x
💻 Local	Express	3.530s (+7.8% 🔺)	4.233s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-32.1% 🟢)	4.235s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.705s	15	2.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.963s (-6.3% 🟢)	4.927s (-12.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.303s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.340s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.229s (+8.7% 🔺)	5.931s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-81.7% 🟢)	6.416s (+7.8% 🔺)	2.187s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	17/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	11/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	923	0	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	898	0	182	1080
✅ 📦 Local Production	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	82	0	8	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	133	74	24	231
✅ 📋 Other	228	0	42	270
Total	4060	74	687	4821

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (74 failed)

mongodb (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

redis (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

turso (60 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KP52A4ECAC6TZE7JQX9CRH07
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KP52930MERMWKMYP2XFTVNT5
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KP5298YTXHGVA8SDQ9TRCCK5
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KP529B85G29AB3SW9BGQD3RT
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AEWRAWD7KYKWY0CHX00S
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KP529QE541X8VBE2VE0XXPKH
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AJEE571RJYP347ETBS23
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AYD93GRNTEVP4BFTWD20
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B357672Z7S22V9M7YSAC
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B5EM35KQHKEQ2V7GBZ4D
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DZKN6GXPQKX2PNF3VE0Y
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KP52HS2MW3P1K8V72RK3NYC2
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KP52K5SX5WGS2J85DJ2DNRP9
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KP52KTMZJ1NCBQT1QFCH7SRB
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KP52M4542SYGCMKCJEBH3YN8
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KP52MBFC994AV2M0H0666PNJ
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KP52MDPNDTRANKTFQ4W8E4NB
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KP52MSPY2HATHNC8C7ZRDE8J
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KP52N94FE2NEHZ608BRT8YGC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KP52NFCX11CSAD8X3EVS4EKB
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KP52NPMBSYKD8AXC36V0SXJ0
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KP52NX6YWBTSY8DYP7S3AHZJ
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KP52P39YVAXXX00EDYY07K4V
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KP52PA8YDJMWQP8E288AAD8G
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52PHFSNG729V6W4YMWPWVJ
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KP52PXDT50MXADXXVAJR4QD2
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KP52Q5SXJCD4CT6TGW2ENRN2
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QD0RMBP2GRJH0W3HDWRD
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QQKD7BAFWX6ET1QYAC3K
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KP52R4G627YMB6DYNPXKNTA8
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KP52RTVDTSSWTFF98Y6T1X9H
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KP52S6514V5TJ08VRD51941E
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KP52SEZAQQDXA6FHADF3W2QJ
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KP52SH85M5HFBX5Y0WE9DE4V
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52SQGKGGFHE4QW2W43033T

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	83	0	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	82	0	8

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	6	0	0
❌ mongodb	56	7	8
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	7	8
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	60	8

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	76	0	14

---

📋 View full workflow run

[ghost]

Backported to stable (3eb5034 -> 1c70bfa).

[karthikscale3]

Changes

Enable in-line decryption for data inspector in detail panel. This is a follow-up to the following PR

• [web][web-shared][core] Make encrypted markers clickable and detect encryption before span selection #1716

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f088de9

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 1 package

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.035s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.971s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.044s (+22.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.961s	10	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.046s	1.005s	0.959s	10	1.32x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s (+16.9% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.952s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.950s	10	1.75x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.070s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.941s	10	2.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.261s (+0.9%)	2.277s (+12.9% 🔺)	2.016s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.296s (+14.7% 🔺)	2.117s (+17.6% 🔺)	1.820s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-2.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.910s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.114s	2.005s	0.892s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.131s (+3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.876s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.135s (+1.1%)	2.011s (~)	0.876s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.143s (-0.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.866s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.149s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.861s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.845s (-3.2%)	3.905s (+1.9%)	2.060s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.923s (-3.0%)	3.398s (-12.0% 🟢)	1.475s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.629s (-2.9%)	11.021s (~)	0.393s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.771s	11.023s	0.253s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.853s (+0.6%)	11.025s (~)	0.172s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.897s (~)	11.021s (~)	0.123s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.948s (~)	11.026s (~)	0.078s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	10.969s (+3.1%)	11.024s (~)	0.055s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	16.943s (-10.7% 🟢)	19.044s (-7.2% 🟢)	2.101s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.825s (+0.6%)	19.110s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.285s	2	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.169s (-5.6% 🟢)	15.028s (~)	0.858s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.486s (~)	15.025s (~)	0.539s	4	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.525s (+2.5%)	15.026s (~)	0.501s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.612s	15.030s	0.417s	4	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.678s (+0.8%)	15.027s (~)	0.349s	4	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	15.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	15.281s (+1.7%)	0.276s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	33.195s (-7.1% 🟢)	34.735s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.540s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	34.156s (~)	36.284s (~)	2.129s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.857s (-0.7%)	14.025s (-2.0%)	0.168s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.874s (+3.4%)	14.305s (+1.0%)	0.431s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.066s (~)	15.026s (+2.0%)	0.959s	6	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	14.808s (-11.6% 🟢)	15.026s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.218s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.671s	16.030s	0.359s	6	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	16.909s (+12.4% 🔺)	17.031s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.122s	6	1.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	50.028s (-8.2% 🟢)	51.650s (-8.5% 🟢)	1.622s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	50.526s (-8.9% 🟢)	52.351s (-9.3% 🟢)	1.824s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.223s (+3.1%)	2.010s (~)	0.788s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-1.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.753s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.271s (-0.8%)	2.011s (~)	0.739s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.486s (-2.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.486s	2.006s	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.544s (+7.2% 🔺)	2.007s (~)	0.462s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.953s (-27.4% 🟢)	3.347s (-24.9% 🟢)	1.394s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.771s (-5.2% 🟢)	4.700s (+0.9%)	1.929s	7	1.42x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.321s (-1.2%)	3.009s (~)	0.688s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.389s (-2.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.390s (+1.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.596s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.411s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.822s	3.208s	0.385s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.086s (+19.7% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.798s	8	1.33x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.537s (-3.7%)	3.964s (-9.9% 🟢)	1.427s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.715s (-0.6%)	4.318s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.603s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.464s (-0.9%)	4.010s (~)	0.545s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.502s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.510s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.682s (+2.3%)	4.009s (~)	0.326s	8	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.491s	7.217s	0.725s	5	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.920s (-17.3% 🟢)	7.215s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.294s	5	2.00x
💻 Local	Express	8.780s (+30.7% 🔺)	9.523s (+35.7% 🔺)	0.743s	4	2.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.658s (-15.0% 🟢)	4.122s (-16.4% 🟢)	1.464s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.705s (+3.8%)	4.496s (+6.2% 🔺)	1.790s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.216s (+2.2%)	2.007s (~)	0.791s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-0.8%)	2.008s (~)	0.752s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.273s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.737s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.449s	2.006s	0.557s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.479s (-2.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.526s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.548s (+5.5% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.457s	15	1.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.203s (+7.5% 🔺)	4.113s (~)	1.910s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.322s (+0.9%)	3.714s (-14.1% 🟢)	1.392s	9	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.357s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.653s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.373s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.636s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.378s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.631s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.632s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.375s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s	3.110s	0.299s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	3.089s (+3.9%)	3.885s (+16.2% 🔺)	0.796s	8	1.31x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.118s (+15.4% 🔺)	4.622s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.504s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.708s (+48.5% 🔺)	5.673s (+35.4% 🔺)	1.965s	6	1.19x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.493s (~)	4.013s (~)	0.521s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.501s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.512s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.641s (+1.8%)	4.014s (~)	0.373s	8	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.502s (-19.7% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.514s	4	2.15x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.726s	8.267s	0.541s	4	2.21x
💻 Local	Express	8.925s (+10.9% 🔺)	9.023s (+2.9%)	0.097s	4	2.56x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.038s (-5.6% 🟢)	4.491s (-12.2% 🟢)	1.453s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.222s (+41.9% 🔺)	6.089s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.868s	5	1.39x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.671s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.004s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.333s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.798s (-4.3%)	1.006s (~)	0.208s	60	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.805s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.218s	59	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.838s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.169s	60	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.848s	1.021s	0.173s	59	1.26x
💻 Local	Express	0.998s (+42.4% 🔺)	1.338s (+33.3% 🔺)	0.341s	45	1.49x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	8.452s (-9.5% 🟢)	10.321s (-7.4% 🟢)	1.868s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.852s (-8.5% 🟢)	10.269s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.417s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.887s (-3.9%)	2.052s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.166s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.943s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.147s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.204s	43	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.913s (+29.4% 🔺)	0.841s	31	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.007s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.809s	30	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.794s	3.181s	0.386s	29	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	3.032s (+24.2% 🔺)	3.801s (+19.5% 🔺)	0.769s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	28.470s (+1.9%)	30.199s (~)	1.729s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.281s (+11.9% 🔺)	33.706s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.425s	3	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.857s (-4.1%)	4.111s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.254s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.003s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.332s (+8.9% 🔺)	0.329s	28	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.179s (+7.3% 🔺)	5.013s (+20.8% 🔺)	0.834s	24	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.178s (-22.4% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.836s	15	1.86x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.359s	9.017s	0.658s	14	2.17x
💻 Local	Express	9.218s (+26.2% 🔺)	9.865s (+24.1% 🔺)	0.646s	13	2.39x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	74.352s (+4.7%)	75.689s (+2.7%)	1.337s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	74.492s (-2.7%)	76.675s (-2.2%)	2.184s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.252s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.755s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.283s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.724s	60	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.304s (+10.4% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.703s	60	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.004s	0.480s	60	2.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.558s (-3.8%)	1.004s (~)	0.445s	60	2.22x
💻 Local	Express	0.598s (+2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.406s	60	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.461s (+6.5% 🔺)	2.942s (~)	1.481s	21	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.663s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.017s (-6.2% 🟢)	1.355s	20	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.479s (+14.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.527s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.488s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.518s	90	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.525s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.482s	90	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.353s (-4.9%)	3.007s (~)	0.654s	30	4.91x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.422s	2.976s	0.555s	31	5.06x
💻 Local	Express	2.618s (+9.3% 🔺)	3.009s (~)	0.392s	30	5.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.302s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.739s (-16.5% 🟢)	1.437s	25	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.578s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.515s (+0.7%)	1.936s	21	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.781s (+17.7% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.226s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.784s (-0.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.223s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.874s (+11.7% 🔺)	1.047s (+3.9%)	0.173s	115	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.144s	10.691s	0.547s	12	12.99x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.222s (-8.0% 🟢)	10.934s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.712s	11	13.09x
💻 Local	Express	11.398s (+13.9% 🔺)	12.029s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.632s	10	14.60x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.280s (-4.8%)	7.561s (-12.3% 🟢)	1.280s	16	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	7.572s (+13.4% 🔺)	9.558s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.985s	13	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.141s (-30.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.009s (-20.2% 🟢)	1.015s (~)	0.875s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.171s	1.002s	0.010s	1.015s	0.844s	10	1.22x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.192s (+16.2% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.001s (+30.0% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.817s	10	1.37x
💻 Local	Express	0.205s (+46.7% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+26.6% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.813s	10	1.46x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.209s (+1.3%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.800s	10	1.49x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (+1.2%)	0.996s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.796s	10	1.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.410s (-10.6% 🟢)	2.730s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.806s (+117.3% 🔺)	4.044s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.633s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.806s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.972s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.018s (+43.8% 🔺)	4.360s (+9.9% 🔺)	2.555s	10	1.28x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.593s (-2.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.004s (-19.2% 🟢)	1.022s (~)	0.429s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.618s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.006s (+50.2% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.406s	59	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.646s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.005s (+28.6% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.377s	59	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.656s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.009s (-12.5% 🟢)	1.114s (+8.8% 🔺)	0.458s	54	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	0.735s (+31.6% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.010s (+10.9% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.289s	59	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.763s	1.010s	0.009s	1.115s	0.352s	54	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.363s (-2.6%)	6.053s (~)	0.259s (-8.4% 🟢)	6.785s (-2.6%)	2.423s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.578s (+10.3% 🔺)	5.798s (-2.0%)	0.283s (+3.3%)	6.510s (-2.1%)	1.931s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.926s (~)	1.151s (+3.6%)	0.000s (-66.0% 🟢)	1.160s (+3.6%)	0.234s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.946s (~)	1.147s (-1.9%)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	1.178s (-0.6%)	0.232s	51	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.989s (+0.9%)	1.336s (+12.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.368s (+12.3% 🔺)	0.378s	44	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.148s (-7.3% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.871s	30	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.231s	2.018s	0.000s	2.021s	0.791s	30	1.33x
💻 Local	Express	1.249s (+9.6% 🔺)	2.022s (~)	0.000s (+12.5% 🔺)	2.024s (~)	0.774s	30	1.35x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.209s (+22.5% 🔺)	4.281s (+11.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-96.0% 🟢)	4.616s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.406s	13	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.233s (+10.2% 🔺)	4.549s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.093s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.859s	12	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.739s (-2.3%)	2.098s (-1.8%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.116s (-1.4%)	0.377s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.822s (-3.1%)	2.071s (-8.4% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.100s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.278s	29	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.852s (+5.0% 🔺)	2.178s (+3.7%)	0.000s (+107.1% 🔺)	2.189s (+3.6%)	0.338s	28	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.406s (-2.8%)	3.967s (-3.3%)	0.000s (-66.5% 🟢)	3.971s (-3.3%)	0.564s	16	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.419s	4.031s	0.001s	4.035s	0.617s	15	1.97x
💻 Local	Express	3.530s (+7.8% 🔺)	4.233s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-32.1% 🟢)	4.235s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.705s	15	2.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.963s (-6.3% 🟢)	4.927s (-12.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.303s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.340s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.229s (+8.7% 🔺)	5.931s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-81.7% 🟢)	6.416s (+7.8% 🔺)	2.187s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	17/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	11/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	923	0	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	898	0	182	1080
✅ 📦 Local Production	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	82	0	8	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	133	74	24	231
✅ 📋 Other	228	0	42	270
Total	4060	74	687	4821

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (74 failed)

mongodb (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

redis (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

turso (60 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KP52A4ECAC6TZE7JQX9CRH07
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KP52930MERMWKMYP2XFTVNT5
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KP5298YTXHGVA8SDQ9TRCCK5
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KP529B85G29AB3SW9BGQD3RT
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AEWRAWD7KYKWY0CHX00S
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KP529QE541X8VBE2VE0XXPKH
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AJEE571RJYP347ETBS23
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AYD93GRNTEVP4BFTWD20
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B357672Z7S22V9M7YSAC
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B5EM35KQHKEQ2V7GBZ4D
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DZKN6GXPQKX2PNF3VE0Y
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KP52HS2MW3P1K8V72RK3NYC2
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KP52K5SX5WGS2J85DJ2DNRP9
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KP52KTMZJ1NCBQT1QFCH7SRB
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KP52M4542SYGCMKCJEBH3YN8
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KP52MBFC994AV2M0H0666PNJ
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KP52MDPNDTRANKTFQ4W8E4NB
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KP52MSPY2HATHNC8C7ZRDE8J
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KP52N94FE2NEHZ608BRT8YGC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KP52NFCX11CSAD8X3EVS4EKB
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KP52NPMBSYKD8AXC36V0SXJ0
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KP52NX6YWBTSY8DYP7S3AHZJ
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KP52P39YVAXXX00EDYY07K4V
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KP52PA8YDJMWQP8E288AAD8G
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52PHFSNG729V6W4YMWPWVJ
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KP52PXDT50MXADXXVAJR4QD2
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KP52Q5SXJCD4CT6TGW2ENRN2
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QD0RMBP2GRJH0W3HDWRD
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QQKD7BAFWX6ET1QYAC3K
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KP52R4G627YMB6DYNPXKNTA8
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KP52RTVDTSSWTFF98Y6T1X9H
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KP52S6514V5TJ08VRD51941E
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KP52SEZAQQDXA6FHADF3W2QJ
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KP52SH85M5HFBX5Y0WE9DE4V
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52SQGKGGFHE4QW2W43033T

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	83	0	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	82	0	8

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	6	0	0
❌ mongodb	56	7	8
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	7	8
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	60	8

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	76	0	14

---

📋 View full workflow run

[ghost]

Backported to stable (3eb5034 -> 1c70bfa).

[karthikscale3]

Changes

Enable in-line decryption for data inspector in detail panel. This is a follow-up to the following PR

• [web][web-shared][core] Make encrypted markers clickable and detect encryption before span selection #1716

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f088de9

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 1 package

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.035s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.971s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.044s (+22.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.961s	10	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.046s	1.005s	0.959s	10	1.32x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s (+16.9% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.952s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.950s	10	1.75x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.070s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.941s	10	2.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.261s (+0.9%)	2.277s (+12.9% 🔺)	2.016s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.296s (+14.7% 🔺)	2.117s (+17.6% 🔺)	1.820s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-2.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.910s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.114s	2.005s	0.892s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.131s (+3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.876s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.135s (+1.1%)	2.011s (~)	0.876s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.143s (-0.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.866s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.149s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.861s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.845s (-3.2%)	3.905s (+1.9%)	2.060s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.923s (-3.0%)	3.398s (-12.0% 🟢)	1.475s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.629s (-2.9%)	11.021s (~)	0.393s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.771s	11.023s	0.253s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.853s (+0.6%)	11.025s (~)	0.172s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.897s (~)	11.021s (~)	0.123s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.948s (~)	11.026s (~)	0.078s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	10.969s (+3.1%)	11.024s (~)	0.055s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	16.943s (-10.7% 🟢)	19.044s (-7.2% 🟢)	2.101s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.825s (+0.6%)	19.110s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.285s	2	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.169s (-5.6% 🟢)	15.028s (~)	0.858s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.486s (~)	15.025s (~)	0.539s	4	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.525s (+2.5%)	15.026s (~)	0.501s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.612s	15.030s	0.417s	4	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.678s (+0.8%)	15.027s (~)	0.349s	4	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	15.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	15.281s (+1.7%)	0.276s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	33.195s (-7.1% 🟢)	34.735s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.540s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	34.156s (~)	36.284s (~)	2.129s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.857s (-0.7%)	14.025s (-2.0%)	0.168s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.874s (+3.4%)	14.305s (+1.0%)	0.431s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.066s (~)	15.026s (+2.0%)	0.959s	6	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	14.808s (-11.6% 🟢)	15.026s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.218s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.671s	16.030s	0.359s	6	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	16.909s (+12.4% 🔺)	17.031s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.122s	6	1.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	50.028s (-8.2% 🟢)	51.650s (-8.5% 🟢)	1.622s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	50.526s (-8.9% 🟢)	52.351s (-9.3% 🟢)	1.824s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.223s (+3.1%)	2.010s (~)	0.788s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-1.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.753s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.271s (-0.8%)	2.011s (~)	0.739s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.486s (-2.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.486s	2.006s	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.544s (+7.2% 🔺)	2.007s (~)	0.462s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.953s (-27.4% 🟢)	3.347s (-24.9% 🟢)	1.394s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.771s (-5.2% 🟢)	4.700s (+0.9%)	1.929s	7	1.42x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.321s (-1.2%)	3.009s (~)	0.688s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.389s (-2.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.390s (+1.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.596s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.411s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.822s	3.208s	0.385s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.086s (+19.7% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.798s	8	1.33x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.537s (-3.7%)	3.964s (-9.9% 🟢)	1.427s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.715s (-0.6%)	4.318s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.603s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.464s (-0.9%)	4.010s (~)	0.545s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.502s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.510s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.682s (+2.3%)	4.009s (~)	0.326s	8	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.491s	7.217s	0.725s	5	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.920s (-17.3% 🟢)	7.215s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.294s	5	2.00x
💻 Local	Express	8.780s (+30.7% 🔺)	9.523s (+35.7% 🔺)	0.743s	4	2.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.658s (-15.0% 🟢)	4.122s (-16.4% 🟢)	1.464s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.705s (+3.8%)	4.496s (+6.2% 🔺)	1.790s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.216s (+2.2%)	2.007s (~)	0.791s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-0.8%)	2.008s (~)	0.752s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.273s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.737s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.449s	2.006s	0.557s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.479s (-2.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.526s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.548s (+5.5% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.457s	15	1.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.203s (+7.5% 🔺)	4.113s (~)	1.910s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.322s (+0.9%)	3.714s (-14.1% 🟢)	1.392s	9	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.357s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.653s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.373s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.636s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.378s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.631s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.632s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.375s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s	3.110s	0.299s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	3.089s (+3.9%)	3.885s (+16.2% 🔺)	0.796s	8	1.31x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.118s (+15.4% 🔺)	4.622s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.504s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.708s (+48.5% 🔺)	5.673s (+35.4% 🔺)	1.965s	6	1.19x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.493s (~)	4.013s (~)	0.521s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.501s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.512s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.641s (+1.8%)	4.014s (~)	0.373s	8	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.502s (-19.7% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.514s	4	2.15x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.726s	8.267s	0.541s	4	2.21x
💻 Local	Express	8.925s (+10.9% 🔺)	9.023s (+2.9%)	0.097s	4	2.56x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.038s (-5.6% 🟢)	4.491s (-12.2% 🟢)	1.453s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.222s (+41.9% 🔺)	6.089s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.868s	5	1.39x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.671s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.004s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.333s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.798s (-4.3%)	1.006s (~)	0.208s	60	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.805s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.218s	59	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.838s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.169s	60	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.848s	1.021s	0.173s	59	1.26x
💻 Local	Express	0.998s (+42.4% 🔺)	1.338s (+33.3% 🔺)	0.341s	45	1.49x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	8.452s (-9.5% 🟢)	10.321s (-7.4% 🟢)	1.868s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.852s (-8.5% 🟢)	10.269s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.417s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.887s (-3.9%)	2.052s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.166s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.943s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.147s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.204s	43	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.913s (+29.4% 🔺)	0.841s	31	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.007s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.809s	30	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.794s	3.181s	0.386s	29	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	3.032s (+24.2% 🔺)	3.801s (+19.5% 🔺)	0.769s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	28.470s (+1.9%)	30.199s (~)	1.729s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.281s (+11.9% 🔺)	33.706s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.425s	3	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.857s (-4.1%)	4.111s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.254s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.003s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.332s (+8.9% 🔺)	0.329s	28	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.179s (+7.3% 🔺)	5.013s (+20.8% 🔺)	0.834s	24	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.178s (-22.4% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.836s	15	1.86x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.359s	9.017s	0.658s	14	2.17x
💻 Local	Express	9.218s (+26.2% 🔺)	9.865s (+24.1% 🔺)	0.646s	13	2.39x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	74.352s (+4.7%)	75.689s (+2.7%)	1.337s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	74.492s (-2.7%)	76.675s (-2.2%)	2.184s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.252s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.755s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.283s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.724s	60	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.304s (+10.4% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.703s	60	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.004s	0.480s	60	2.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.558s (-3.8%)	1.004s (~)	0.445s	60	2.22x
💻 Local	Express	0.598s (+2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.406s	60	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.461s (+6.5% 🔺)	2.942s (~)	1.481s	21	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.663s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.017s (-6.2% 🟢)	1.355s	20	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.479s (+14.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.527s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.488s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.518s	90	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.525s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.482s	90	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.353s (-4.9%)	3.007s (~)	0.654s	30	4.91x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.422s	2.976s	0.555s	31	5.06x
💻 Local	Express	2.618s (+9.3% 🔺)	3.009s (~)	0.392s	30	5.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.302s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.739s (-16.5% 🟢)	1.437s	25	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.578s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.515s (+0.7%)	1.936s	21	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.781s (+17.7% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.226s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.784s (-0.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.223s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.874s (+11.7% 🔺)	1.047s (+3.9%)	0.173s	115	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.144s	10.691s	0.547s	12	12.99x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.222s (-8.0% 🟢)	10.934s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.712s	11	13.09x
💻 Local	Express	11.398s (+13.9% 🔺)	12.029s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.632s	10	14.60x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.280s (-4.8%)	7.561s (-12.3% 🟢)	1.280s	16	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	7.572s (+13.4% 🔺)	9.558s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.985s	13	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.141s (-30.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.009s (-20.2% 🟢)	1.015s (~)	0.875s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.171s	1.002s	0.010s	1.015s	0.844s	10	1.22x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.192s (+16.2% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.001s (+30.0% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.817s	10	1.37x
💻 Local	Express	0.205s (+46.7% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+26.6% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.813s	10	1.46x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.209s (+1.3%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.800s	10	1.49x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (+1.2%)	0.996s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.796s	10	1.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.410s (-10.6% 🟢)	2.730s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.806s (+117.3% 🔺)	4.044s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.633s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.806s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.972s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.018s (+43.8% 🔺)	4.360s (+9.9% 🔺)	2.555s	10	1.28x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.593s (-2.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.004s (-19.2% 🟢)	1.022s (~)	0.429s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.618s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.006s (+50.2% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.406s	59	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.646s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.005s (+28.6% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.377s	59	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.656s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.009s (-12.5% 🟢)	1.114s (+8.8% 🔺)	0.458s	54	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	0.735s (+31.6% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.010s (+10.9% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.289s	59	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.763s	1.010s	0.009s	1.115s	0.352s	54	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.363s (-2.6%)	6.053s (~)	0.259s (-8.4% 🟢)	6.785s (-2.6%)	2.423s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.578s (+10.3% 🔺)	5.798s (-2.0%)	0.283s (+3.3%)	6.510s (-2.1%)	1.931s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.926s (~)	1.151s (+3.6%)	0.000s (-66.0% 🟢)	1.160s (+3.6%)	0.234s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.946s (~)	1.147s (-1.9%)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	1.178s (-0.6%)	0.232s	51	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.989s (+0.9%)	1.336s (+12.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.368s (+12.3% 🔺)	0.378s	44	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.148s (-7.3% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.871s	30	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.231s	2.018s	0.000s	2.021s	0.791s	30	1.33x
💻 Local	Express	1.249s (+9.6% 🔺)	2.022s (~)	0.000s (+12.5% 🔺)	2.024s (~)	0.774s	30	1.35x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.209s (+22.5% 🔺)	4.281s (+11.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-96.0% 🟢)	4.616s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.406s	13	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.233s (+10.2% 🔺)	4.549s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.093s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.859s	12	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.739s (-2.3%)	2.098s (-1.8%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.116s (-1.4%)	0.377s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.822s (-3.1%)	2.071s (-8.4% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.100s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.278s	29	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.852s (+5.0% 🔺)	2.178s (+3.7%)	0.000s (+107.1% 🔺)	2.189s (+3.6%)	0.338s	28	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.406s (-2.8%)	3.967s (-3.3%)	0.000s (-66.5% 🟢)	3.971s (-3.3%)	0.564s	16	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.419s	4.031s	0.001s	4.035s	0.617s	15	1.97x
💻 Local	Express	3.530s (+7.8% 🔺)	4.233s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-32.1% 🟢)	4.235s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.705s	15	2.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.963s (-6.3% 🟢)	4.927s (-12.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.303s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.340s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.229s (+8.7% 🔺)	5.931s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-81.7% 🟢)	6.416s (+7.8% 🔺)	2.187s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	17/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	11/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	923	0	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	898	0	182	1080
✅ 📦 Local Production	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	82	0	8	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	133	74	24	231
✅ 📋 Other	228	0	42	270
Total	4060	74	687	4821

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (74 failed)

mongodb (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

redis (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

turso (60 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KP52A4ECAC6TZE7JQX9CRH07
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KP52930MERMWKMYP2XFTVNT5
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KP5298YTXHGVA8SDQ9TRCCK5
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KP529B85G29AB3SW9BGQD3RT
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AEWRAWD7KYKWY0CHX00S
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KP529QE541X8VBE2VE0XXPKH
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AJEE571RJYP347ETBS23
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AYD93GRNTEVP4BFTWD20
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B357672Z7S22V9M7YSAC
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B5EM35KQHKEQ2V7GBZ4D
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DZKN6GXPQKX2PNF3VE0Y
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KP52HS2MW3P1K8V72RK3NYC2
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KP52K5SX5WGS2J85DJ2DNRP9
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KP52KTMZJ1NCBQT1QFCH7SRB
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KP52M4542SYGCMKCJEBH3YN8
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KP52MBFC994AV2M0H0666PNJ
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KP52MDPNDTRANKTFQ4W8E4NB
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KP52MSPY2HATHNC8C7ZRDE8J
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KP52N94FE2NEHZ608BRT8YGC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KP52NFCX11CSAD8X3EVS4EKB
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KP52NPMBSYKD8AXC36V0SXJ0
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KP52NX6YWBTSY8DYP7S3AHZJ
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KP52P39YVAXXX00EDYY07K4V
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KP52PA8YDJMWQP8E288AAD8G
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52PHFSNG729V6W4YMWPWVJ
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KP52PXDT50MXADXXVAJR4QD2
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KP52Q5SXJCD4CT6TGW2ENRN2
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QD0RMBP2GRJH0W3HDWRD
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QQKD7BAFWX6ET1QYAC3K
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KP52R4G627YMB6DYNPXKNTA8
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KP52RTVDTSSWTFF98Y6T1X9H
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KP52S6514V5TJ08VRD51941E
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KP52SEZAQQDXA6FHADF3W2QJ
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KP52SH85M5HFBX5Y0WE9DE4V
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52SQGKGGFHE4QW2W43033T

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	83	0	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	82	0	8

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	6	0	0
❌ mongodb	56	7	8
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	7	8
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	60	8

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	76	0	14

---

📋 View full workflow run

[ghost]

Backported to stable (3eb5034 -> 1c70bfa).

[karthikscale3]

Changes

Enable in-line decryption for data inspector in detail panel. This is a follow-up to the following PR

• [web][web-shared][core] Make encrypted markers clickable and detect encryption before span selection #1716

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f088de9

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 1 package

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.035s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.971s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.044s (+22.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.961s	10	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.046s	1.005s	0.959s	10	1.32x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s (+16.9% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.952s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.950s	10	1.75x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.070s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.941s	10	2.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.261s (+0.9%)	2.277s (+12.9% 🔺)	2.016s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.296s (+14.7% 🔺)	2.117s (+17.6% 🔺)	1.820s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-2.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.910s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.114s	2.005s	0.892s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.131s (+3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.876s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.135s (+1.1%)	2.011s (~)	0.876s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.143s (-0.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.866s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.149s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.861s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.845s (-3.2%)	3.905s (+1.9%)	2.060s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.923s (-3.0%)	3.398s (-12.0% 🟢)	1.475s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.629s (-2.9%)	11.021s (~)	0.393s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.771s	11.023s	0.253s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.853s (+0.6%)	11.025s (~)	0.172s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.897s (~)	11.021s (~)	0.123s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.948s (~)	11.026s (~)	0.078s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	10.969s (+3.1%)	11.024s (~)	0.055s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	16.943s (-10.7% 🟢)	19.044s (-7.2% 🟢)	2.101s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.825s (+0.6%)	19.110s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.285s	2	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.169s (-5.6% 🟢)	15.028s (~)	0.858s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.486s (~)	15.025s (~)	0.539s	4	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.525s (+2.5%)	15.026s (~)	0.501s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.612s	15.030s	0.417s	4	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.678s (+0.8%)	15.027s (~)	0.349s	4	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	15.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	15.281s (+1.7%)	0.276s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	33.195s (-7.1% 🟢)	34.735s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.540s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	34.156s (~)	36.284s (~)	2.129s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.857s (-0.7%)	14.025s (-2.0%)	0.168s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.874s (+3.4%)	14.305s (+1.0%)	0.431s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.066s (~)	15.026s (+2.0%)	0.959s	6	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	14.808s (-11.6% 🟢)	15.026s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.218s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.671s	16.030s	0.359s	6	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	16.909s (+12.4% 🔺)	17.031s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.122s	6	1.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	50.028s (-8.2% 🟢)	51.650s (-8.5% 🟢)	1.622s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	50.526s (-8.9% 🟢)	52.351s (-9.3% 🟢)	1.824s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.223s (+3.1%)	2.010s (~)	0.788s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-1.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.753s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.271s (-0.8%)	2.011s (~)	0.739s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.486s (-2.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.486s	2.006s	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.544s (+7.2% 🔺)	2.007s (~)	0.462s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.953s (-27.4% 🟢)	3.347s (-24.9% 🟢)	1.394s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.771s (-5.2% 🟢)	4.700s (+0.9%)	1.929s	7	1.42x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.321s (-1.2%)	3.009s (~)	0.688s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.389s (-2.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.390s (+1.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.596s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.411s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.822s	3.208s	0.385s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.086s (+19.7% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.798s	8	1.33x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.537s (-3.7%)	3.964s (-9.9% 🟢)	1.427s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.715s (-0.6%)	4.318s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.603s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.464s (-0.9%)	4.010s (~)	0.545s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.502s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.510s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.682s (+2.3%)	4.009s (~)	0.326s	8	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.491s	7.217s	0.725s	5	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.920s (-17.3% 🟢)	7.215s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.294s	5	2.00x
💻 Local	Express	8.780s (+30.7% 🔺)	9.523s (+35.7% 🔺)	0.743s	4	2.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.658s (-15.0% 🟢)	4.122s (-16.4% 🟢)	1.464s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.705s (+3.8%)	4.496s (+6.2% 🔺)	1.790s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.216s (+2.2%)	2.007s (~)	0.791s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-0.8%)	2.008s (~)	0.752s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.273s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.737s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.449s	2.006s	0.557s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.479s (-2.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.526s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.548s (+5.5% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.457s	15	1.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.203s (+7.5% 🔺)	4.113s (~)	1.910s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.322s (+0.9%)	3.714s (-14.1% 🟢)	1.392s	9	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.357s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.653s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.373s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.636s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.378s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.631s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.632s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.375s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s	3.110s	0.299s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	3.089s (+3.9%)	3.885s (+16.2% 🔺)	0.796s	8	1.31x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.118s (+15.4% 🔺)	4.622s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.504s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.708s (+48.5% 🔺)	5.673s (+35.4% 🔺)	1.965s	6	1.19x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.493s (~)	4.013s (~)	0.521s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.501s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.512s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.641s (+1.8%)	4.014s (~)	0.373s	8	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.502s (-19.7% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.514s	4	2.15x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.726s	8.267s	0.541s	4	2.21x
💻 Local	Express	8.925s (+10.9% 🔺)	9.023s (+2.9%)	0.097s	4	2.56x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.038s (-5.6% 🟢)	4.491s (-12.2% 🟢)	1.453s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.222s (+41.9% 🔺)	6.089s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.868s	5	1.39x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.671s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.004s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.333s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.798s (-4.3%)	1.006s (~)	0.208s	60	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.805s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.218s	59	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.838s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.169s	60	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.848s	1.021s	0.173s	59	1.26x
💻 Local	Express	0.998s (+42.4% 🔺)	1.338s (+33.3% 🔺)	0.341s	45	1.49x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	8.452s (-9.5% 🟢)	10.321s (-7.4% 🟢)	1.868s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.852s (-8.5% 🟢)	10.269s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.417s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.887s (-3.9%)	2.052s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.166s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.943s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.147s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.204s	43	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.913s (+29.4% 🔺)	0.841s	31	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.007s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.809s	30	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.794s	3.181s	0.386s	29	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	3.032s (+24.2% 🔺)	3.801s (+19.5% 🔺)	0.769s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	28.470s (+1.9%)	30.199s (~)	1.729s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.281s (+11.9% 🔺)	33.706s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.425s	3	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.857s (-4.1%)	4.111s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.254s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.003s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.332s (+8.9% 🔺)	0.329s	28	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.179s (+7.3% 🔺)	5.013s (+20.8% 🔺)	0.834s	24	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.178s (-22.4% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.836s	15	1.86x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.359s	9.017s	0.658s	14	2.17x
💻 Local	Express	9.218s (+26.2% 🔺)	9.865s (+24.1% 🔺)	0.646s	13	2.39x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	74.352s (+4.7%)	75.689s (+2.7%)	1.337s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	74.492s (-2.7%)	76.675s (-2.2%)	2.184s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.252s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.755s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.283s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.724s	60	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.304s (+10.4% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.703s	60	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.004s	0.480s	60	2.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.558s (-3.8%)	1.004s (~)	0.445s	60	2.22x
💻 Local	Express	0.598s (+2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.406s	60	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.461s (+6.5% 🔺)	2.942s (~)	1.481s	21	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.663s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.017s (-6.2% 🟢)	1.355s	20	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.479s (+14.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.527s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.488s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.518s	90	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.525s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.482s	90	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.353s (-4.9%)	3.007s (~)	0.654s	30	4.91x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.422s	2.976s	0.555s	31	5.06x
💻 Local	Express	2.618s (+9.3% 🔺)	3.009s (~)	0.392s	30	5.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.302s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.739s (-16.5% 🟢)	1.437s	25	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.578s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.515s (+0.7%)	1.936s	21	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.781s (+17.7% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.226s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.784s (-0.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.223s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.874s (+11.7% 🔺)	1.047s (+3.9%)	0.173s	115	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.144s	10.691s	0.547s	12	12.99x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.222s (-8.0% 🟢)	10.934s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.712s	11	13.09x
💻 Local	Express	11.398s (+13.9% 🔺)	12.029s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.632s	10	14.60x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.280s (-4.8%)	7.561s (-12.3% 🟢)	1.280s	16	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	7.572s (+13.4% 🔺)	9.558s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.985s	13	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.141s (-30.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.009s (-20.2% 🟢)	1.015s (~)	0.875s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.171s	1.002s	0.010s	1.015s	0.844s	10	1.22x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.192s (+16.2% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.001s (+30.0% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.817s	10	1.37x
💻 Local	Express	0.205s (+46.7% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+26.6% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.813s	10	1.46x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.209s (+1.3%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.800s	10	1.49x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (+1.2%)	0.996s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.796s	10	1.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.410s (-10.6% 🟢)	2.730s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.806s (+117.3% 🔺)	4.044s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.633s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.806s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.972s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.018s (+43.8% 🔺)	4.360s (+9.9% 🔺)	2.555s	10	1.28x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.593s (-2.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.004s (-19.2% 🟢)	1.022s (~)	0.429s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.618s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.006s (+50.2% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.406s	59	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.646s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.005s (+28.6% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.377s	59	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.656s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.009s (-12.5% 🟢)	1.114s (+8.8% 🔺)	0.458s	54	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	0.735s (+31.6% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.010s (+10.9% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.289s	59	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.763s	1.010s	0.009s	1.115s	0.352s	54	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.363s (-2.6%)	6.053s (~)	0.259s (-8.4% 🟢)	6.785s (-2.6%)	2.423s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.578s (+10.3% 🔺)	5.798s (-2.0%)	0.283s (+3.3%)	6.510s (-2.1%)	1.931s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.926s (~)	1.151s (+3.6%)	0.000s (-66.0% 🟢)	1.160s (+3.6%)	0.234s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.946s (~)	1.147s (-1.9%)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	1.178s (-0.6%)	0.232s	51	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.989s (+0.9%)	1.336s (+12.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.368s (+12.3% 🔺)	0.378s	44	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.148s (-7.3% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.871s	30	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.231s	2.018s	0.000s	2.021s	0.791s	30	1.33x
💻 Local	Express	1.249s (+9.6% 🔺)	2.022s (~)	0.000s (+12.5% 🔺)	2.024s (~)	0.774s	30	1.35x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.209s (+22.5% 🔺)	4.281s (+11.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-96.0% 🟢)	4.616s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.406s	13	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.233s (+10.2% 🔺)	4.549s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.093s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.859s	12	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.739s (-2.3%)	2.098s (-1.8%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.116s (-1.4%)	0.377s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.822s (-3.1%)	2.071s (-8.4% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.100s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.278s	29	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.852s (+5.0% 🔺)	2.178s (+3.7%)	0.000s (+107.1% 🔺)	2.189s (+3.6%)	0.338s	28	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.406s (-2.8%)	3.967s (-3.3%)	0.000s (-66.5% 🟢)	3.971s (-3.3%)	0.564s	16	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.419s	4.031s	0.001s	4.035s	0.617s	15	1.97x
💻 Local	Express	3.530s (+7.8% 🔺)	4.233s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-32.1% 🟢)	4.235s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.705s	15	2.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.963s (-6.3% 🟢)	4.927s (-12.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.303s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.340s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.229s (+8.7% 🔺)	5.931s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-81.7% 🟢)	6.416s (+7.8% 🔺)	2.187s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	17/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	11/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	923	0	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	898	0	182	1080
✅ 📦 Local Production	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	82	0	8	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	133	74	24	231
✅ 📋 Other	228	0	42	270
Total	4060	74	687	4821

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (74 failed)

mongodb (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

redis (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

turso (60 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KP52A4ECAC6TZE7JQX9CRH07
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KP52930MERMWKMYP2XFTVNT5
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KP5298YTXHGVA8SDQ9TRCCK5
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KP529B85G29AB3SW9BGQD3RT
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AEWRAWD7KYKWY0CHX00S
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KP529QE541X8VBE2VE0XXPKH
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AJEE571RJYP347ETBS23
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AYD93GRNTEVP4BFTWD20
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B357672Z7S22V9M7YSAC
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B5EM35KQHKEQ2V7GBZ4D
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DZKN6GXPQKX2PNF3VE0Y
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KP52HS2MW3P1K8V72RK3NYC2
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KP52K5SX5WGS2J85DJ2DNRP9
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KP52KTMZJ1NCBQT1QFCH7SRB
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KP52M4542SYGCMKCJEBH3YN8
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KP52MBFC994AV2M0H0666PNJ
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KP52MDPNDTRANKTFQ4W8E4NB
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KP52MSPY2HATHNC8C7ZRDE8J
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KP52N94FE2NEHZ608BRT8YGC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KP52NFCX11CSAD8X3EVS4EKB
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KP52NPMBSYKD8AXC36V0SXJ0
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KP52NX6YWBTSY8DYP7S3AHZJ
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KP52P39YVAXXX00EDYY07K4V
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KP52PA8YDJMWQP8E288AAD8G
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52PHFSNG729V6W4YMWPWVJ
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KP52PXDT50MXADXXVAJR4QD2
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KP52Q5SXJCD4CT6TGW2ENRN2
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QD0RMBP2GRJH0W3HDWRD
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QQKD7BAFWX6ET1QYAC3K
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KP52R4G627YMB6DYNPXKNTA8
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KP52RTVDTSSWTFF98Y6T1X9H
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KP52S6514V5TJ08VRD51941E
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KP52SEZAQQDXA6FHADF3W2QJ
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KP52SH85M5HFBX5Y0WE9DE4V
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52SQGKGGFHE4QW2W43033T

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	83	0	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	82	0	8

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	6	0	0
❌ mongodb	56	7	8
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	7	8
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	60	8

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	76	0	14

---

📋 View full workflow run

[ghost]

Backported to stable (3eb5034 -> 1c70bfa).

[karthikscale3]

Changes

Enable in-line decryption for data inspector in detail panel. This is a follow-up to the following PR

• [web][web-shared][core] Make encrypted markers clickable and detect encryption before span selection #1716

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f088de9

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 1 package

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 14, 2026 4:01am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.035s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.971s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.044s (+22.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.961s	10	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.046s	1.005s	0.959s	10	1.32x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s (+16.9% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.952s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.950s	10	1.75x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.070s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.941s	10	2.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.261s (+0.9%)	2.277s (+12.9% 🔺)	2.016s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.296s (+14.7% 🔺)	2.117s (+17.6% 🔺)	1.820s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.095s (-2.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.910s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.114s	2.005s	0.892s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.131s (+3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.876s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.135s (+1.1%)	2.011s (~)	0.876s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.143s (-0.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.866s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.149s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.861s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.845s (-3.2%)	3.905s (+1.9%)	2.060s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.923s (-3.0%)	3.398s (-12.0% 🟢)	1.475s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.629s (-2.9%)	11.021s (~)	0.393s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.771s	11.023s	0.253s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.853s (+0.6%)	11.025s (~)	0.172s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.897s (~)	11.021s (~)	0.123s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.948s (~)	11.026s (~)	0.078s	3	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	10.969s (+3.1%)	11.024s (~)	0.055s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	16.943s (-10.7% 🟢)	19.044s (-7.2% 🟢)	2.101s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.825s (+0.6%)	19.110s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.285s	2	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.169s (-5.6% 🟢)	15.028s (~)	0.858s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.486s (~)	15.025s (~)	0.539s	4	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.525s (+2.5%)	15.026s (~)	0.501s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.612s	15.030s	0.417s	4	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.678s (+0.8%)	15.027s (~)	0.349s	4	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	15.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	15.281s (+1.7%)	0.276s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	33.195s (-7.1% 🟢)	34.735s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.540s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	34.156s (~)	36.284s (~)	2.129s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.857s (-0.7%)	14.025s (-2.0%)	0.168s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.874s (+3.4%)	14.305s (+1.0%)	0.431s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.066s (~)	15.026s (+2.0%)	0.959s	6	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	14.808s (-11.6% 🟢)	15.026s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.218s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.671s	16.030s	0.359s	6	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	16.909s (+12.4% 🔺)	17.031s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.122s	6	1.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	50.028s (-8.2% 🟢)	51.650s (-8.5% 🟢)	1.622s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	50.526s (-8.9% 🟢)	52.351s (-9.3% 🟢)	1.824s	2	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.223s (+3.1%)	2.010s (~)	0.788s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-1.6%)	2.009s (~)	0.753s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.271s (-0.8%)	2.011s (~)	0.739s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.486s (-2.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.486s	2.006s	0.519s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.544s (+7.2% 🔺)	2.007s (~)	0.462s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.953s (-27.4% 🟢)	3.347s (-24.9% 🟢)	1.394s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.771s (-5.2% 🟢)	4.700s (+0.9%)	1.929s	7	1.42x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.321s (-1.2%)	3.009s (~)	0.688s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.389s (-2.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.390s (+1.4%)	3.011s (~)	0.621s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.596s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.411s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.822s	3.208s	0.385s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.086s (+19.7% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.798s	8	1.33x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.537s (-3.7%)	3.964s (-9.9% 🟢)	1.427s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.715s (-0.6%)	4.318s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.603s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.464s (-0.9%)	4.010s (~)	0.545s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.502s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.510s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.682s (+2.3%)	4.009s (~)	0.326s	8	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.491s	7.217s	0.725s	5	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.920s (-17.3% 🟢)	7.215s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.294s	5	2.00x
💻 Local	Express	8.780s (+30.7% 🔺)	9.523s (+35.7% 🔺)	0.743s	4	2.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.658s (-15.0% 🟢)	4.122s (-16.4% 🟢)	1.464s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.705s (+3.8%)	4.496s (+6.2% 🔺)	1.790s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.216s (+2.2%)	2.007s (~)	0.791s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.256s (-0.8%)	2.008s (~)	0.752s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.273s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.737s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.449s	2.006s	0.557s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.479s (-2.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.526s	15	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	1.548s (+5.5% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.457s	15	1.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.203s (+7.5% 🔺)	4.113s (~)	1.910s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.322s (+0.9%)	3.714s (-14.1% 🟢)	1.392s	9	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.357s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.653s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.373s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.636s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.378s (~)	3.010s (~)	0.631s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.632s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.375s	10	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s	3.110s	0.299s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	3.089s (+3.9%)	3.885s (+16.2% 🔺)	0.796s	8	1.31x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.118s (+15.4% 🔺)	4.622s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.504s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.708s (+48.5% 🔺)	5.673s (+35.4% 🔺)	1.965s	6	1.19x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.493s (~)	4.013s (~)	0.521s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	3.501s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.512s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.641s (+1.8%)	4.014s (~)	0.373s	8	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.502s (-19.7% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.1% 🟢)	0.514s	4	2.15x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.726s	8.267s	0.541s	4	2.21x
💻 Local	Express	8.925s (+10.9% 🔺)	9.023s (+2.9%)	0.097s	4	2.56x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.038s (-5.6% 🟢)	4.491s (-12.2% 🟢)	1.453s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.222s (+41.9% 🔺)	6.089s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.868s	5	1.39x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.671s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.004s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.333s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.798s (-4.3%)	1.006s (~)	0.208s	60	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.805s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.218s	59	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.838s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.169s	60	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.848s	1.021s	0.173s	59	1.26x
💻 Local	Express	0.998s (+42.4% 🔺)	1.338s (+33.3% 🔺)	0.341s	45	1.49x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	8.452s (-9.5% 🟢)	10.321s (-7.4% 🟢)	1.868s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.852s (-8.5% 🟢)	10.269s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.417s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.887s (-3.9%)	2.052s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.166s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.943s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.147s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.204s	43	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.071s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.913s (+29.4% 🔺)	0.841s	31	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.007s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.809s	30	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.794s	3.181s	0.386s	29	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	3.032s (+24.2% 🔺)	3.801s (+19.5% 🔺)	0.769s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	28.470s (+1.9%)	30.199s (~)	1.729s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.281s (+11.9% 🔺)	33.706s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.425s	3	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	3.857s (-4.1%)	4.111s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.254s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.003s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.332s (+8.9% 🔺)	0.329s	28	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.179s (+7.3% 🔺)	5.013s (+20.8% 🔺)	0.834s	24	1.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.178s (-22.4% 🟢)	8.015s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.836s	15	1.86x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.359s	9.017s	0.658s	14	2.17x
💻 Local	Express	9.218s (+26.2% 🔺)	9.865s (+24.1% 🔺)	0.646s	13	2.39x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	74.352s (+4.7%)	75.689s (+2.7%)	1.337s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	74.492s (-2.7%)	76.675s (-2.2%)	2.184s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.252s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.755s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.283s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.724s	60	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.304s (+10.4% 🔺)	1.008s (~)	0.703s	60	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.004s	0.480s	60	2.08x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.558s (-3.8%)	1.004s (~)	0.445s	60	2.22x
💻 Local	Express	0.598s (+2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.406s	60	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.461s (+6.5% 🔺)	2.942s (~)	1.481s	21	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.663s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.017s (-6.2% 🟢)	1.355s	20	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.479s (+14.0% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.527s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.488s (-2.9%)	1.006s (~)	0.518s	90	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.525s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.482s	90	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.353s (-4.9%)	3.007s (~)	0.654s	30	4.91x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.422s	2.976s	0.555s	31	5.06x
💻 Local	Express	2.618s (+9.3% 🔺)	3.009s (~)	0.392s	30	5.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.302s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.739s (-16.5% 🟢)	1.437s	25	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.578s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.515s (+0.7%)	1.936s	21	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.781s (+17.7% 🔺)	1.007s (~)	0.226s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.784s (-0.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.223s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.874s (+11.7% 🔺)	1.047s (+3.9%)	0.173s	115	1.12x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.144s	10.691s	0.547s	12	12.99x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.222s (-8.0% 🟢)	10.934s (-7.7% 🟢)	0.712s	11	13.09x
💻 Local	Express	11.398s (+13.9% 🔺)	12.029s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.632s	10	14.60x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.280s (-4.8%)	7.561s (-12.3% 🟢)	1.280s	16	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	7.572s (+13.4% 🔺)	9.558s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.985s	13	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.141s (-30.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.009s (-20.2% 🟢)	1.015s (~)	0.875s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.171s	1.002s	0.010s	1.015s	0.844s	10	1.22x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.192s (+16.2% 🔺)	1.001s (~)	0.001s (+30.0% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.817s	10	1.37x
💻 Local	Express	0.205s (+46.7% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+26.6% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.813s	10	1.46x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.209s (+1.3%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.800s	10	1.49x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (+1.2%)	0.996s (~)	0.001s (+7.7% 🔺)	1.011s (~)	0.796s	10	1.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.410s (-10.6% 🟢)	2.730s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.806s (+117.3% 🔺)	4.044s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.633s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.806s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.972s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.018s (+43.8% 🔺)	4.360s (+9.9% 🔺)	2.555s	10	1.28x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.593s (-2.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.004s (-19.2% 🟢)	1.022s (~)	0.429s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.618s (+7.1% 🔺)	1.009s (~)	0.006s (+50.2% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.406s	59	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.646s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.005s (+28.6% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.377s	59	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.656s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.009s (-12.5% 🟢)	1.114s (+8.8% 🔺)	0.458s	54	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	0.735s (+31.6% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.010s (+10.9% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.289s	59	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.763s	1.010s	0.009s	1.115s	0.352s	54	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.363s (-2.6%)	6.053s (~)	0.259s (-8.4% 🟢)	6.785s (-2.6%)	2.423s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.578s (+10.3% 🔺)	5.798s (-2.0%)	0.283s (+3.3%)	6.510s (-2.1%)	1.931s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.926s (~)	1.151s (+3.6%)	0.000s (-66.0% 🟢)	1.160s (+3.6%)	0.234s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.946s (~)	1.147s (-1.9%)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	1.178s (-0.6%)	0.232s	51	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.989s (+0.9%)	1.336s (+12.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.368s (+12.3% 🔺)	0.378s	44	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.148s (-7.3% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.871s	30	1.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.231s	2.018s	0.000s	2.021s	0.791s	30	1.33x
💻 Local	Express	1.249s (+9.6% 🔺)	2.022s (~)	0.000s (+12.5% 🔺)	2.024s (~)	0.774s	30	1.35x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.209s (+22.5% 🔺)	4.281s (+11.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-96.0% 🟢)	4.616s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.406s	13	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.233s (+10.2% 🔺)	4.549s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.093s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.859s	12	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.739s (-2.3%)	2.098s (-1.8%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.116s (-1.4%)	0.377s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.822s (-3.1%)	2.071s (-8.4% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.100s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.278s	29	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.852s (+5.0% 🔺)	2.178s (+3.7%)	0.000s (+107.1% 🔺)	2.189s (+3.6%)	0.338s	28	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.406s (-2.8%)	3.967s (-3.3%)	0.000s (-66.5% 🟢)	3.971s (-3.3%)	0.564s	16	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.419s	4.031s	0.001s	4.035s	0.617s	15	1.97x
💻 Local	Express	3.530s (+7.8% 🔺)	4.233s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-32.1% 🟢)	4.235s (+8.3% 🔺)	0.705s	15	2.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.963s (-6.3% 🟢)	4.927s (-12.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.303s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.340s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.229s (+8.7% 🔺)	5.931s (+9.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-81.7% 🟢)	6.416s (+7.8% 🔺)	2.187s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	17/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	11/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	923	0	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	898	0	182	1080
✅ 📦 Local Production	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	898	0	182	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	82	0	8	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	133	74	24	231
✅ 📋 Other	228	0	42	270
Total	4060	74	687	4821

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (74 failed)

mongodb (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

redis (7 failed):

• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345

turso (60 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KP528VYDDBT8KTAJWQPJRDBP
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KP52A4ECAC6TZE7JQX9CRH07
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KP52930MERMWKMYP2XFTVNT5
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KP5298YTXHGVA8SDQ9TRCCK5
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KP529B85G29AB3SW9BGQD3RT
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AEWRAWD7KYKWY0CHX00S
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KP529QE541X8VBE2VE0XXPKH
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KP52A3W2ACE6T3JH36FRBS3W
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AC5M8VDWF8GFRFF01GG3
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AJEE571RJYP347ETBS23
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KP52AYD93GRNTEVP4BFTWD20
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B357672Z7S22V9M7YSAC
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KP52B5EM35KQHKEQ2V7GBZ4D
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DVZ3XBN5GYDBKEZ0QZZN
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KP52DZKN6GXPQKX2PNF3VE0Y
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KP52HS2MW3P1K8V72RK3NYC2
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KP52JE839W1MHXM7TD1A320X
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KP52K5SX5WGS2J85DJ2DNRP9
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KP52KTMZJ1NCBQT1QFCH7SRB
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KP52M4542SYGCMKCJEBH3YN8
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KP52MBFC994AV2M0H0666PNJ
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KP52MDPNDTRANKTFQ4W8E4NB
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KP52MSPY2HATHNC8C7ZRDE8J
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KP52N94FE2NEHZ608BRT8YGC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KP52NFCX11CSAD8X3EVS4EKB
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KP52NPMBSYKD8AXC36V0SXJ0
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KP52NX6YWBTSY8DYP7S3AHZJ
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KP52P39YVAXXX00EDYY07K4V
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KP52PA8YDJMWQP8E288AAD8G
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52PHFSNG729V6W4YMWPWVJ
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KP52PXDT50MXADXXVAJR4QD2
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KP52Q5SXJCD4CT6TGW2ENRN2
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QD0RMBP2GRJH0W3HDWRD
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KP52QQKD7BAFWX6ET1QYAC3K
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KP52R4G627YMB6DYNPXKNTA8
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KP52RTVDTSSWTFF98Y6T1X9H
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KP52S6514V5TJ08VRD51941E
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KP52SEZAQQDXA6FHADF3W2QJ
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KP52SH85M5HFBX5Y0WE9DE4V
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KP52SKG0FZF6ZQQXXKAAJ345
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KP52SQGKGGFHE4QW2W43033T

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	83	0	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	76	0	14
✅ express-stable	76	0	14
✅ fastify-stable	76	0	14
✅ hono-stable	76	0	14
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	63	0	27
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	82	0	8
✅ nitro-stable	76	0	14
✅ nuxt-stable	76	0	14
✅ sveltekit-stable	76	0	14
✅ vite-stable	76	0	14

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	82	0	8

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ mongodb-dev	6	0	0
❌ mongodb	56	7	8
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	7	8
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	60	8

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	76	0	14
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	76	0	14

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📋 View full workflow run

[ghost]

Backported to stable (3eb5034 -> 1c70bfa).