[docs] Fix broken /sitemap.xml by removing stale crawled-sitemap rewrite

[karthikscale3]

Description:

Problem:https://workflow-sdk.dev/sitemap.xml returns a 500 error. A beforeFiles rewrite in docs/next.config.ts was proxying /sitemap.xml to https://crawled-sitemap.vercel.sh/useworkflow.dev-.xml, which no longer exists after the domain rename from useworkflow.dev to workflow-sdk.dev (#1759). The crawled-sitemap service returns 500 for the old domain and 404 for the new one.

What changed: Removed the /sitemap.xml rewrite rule from docs/next.config.ts. This allows Next.js to serve the sitemap directly from the existing docs/app/sitemap.ts, which already generates a complete XML sitemap with all pages including cookbook URLs.

Why: The built-in sitemap.ts is a fully functional replacement — it iterates all pages from the docs source and produces a proper MetadataRoute.Sitemap. The crawled-sitemap rewrite can be re-added later if/when the service indexes workflow-sdk.dev.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Ignored	Preview	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
❌ ▲ Vercel Production	922	1	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	910	0	80	990
✅ 📦 Local Production	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	90	0	0	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	71	160	0	231
✅ 📋 Other	252	0	18	270
Total	4233	161	337	4731

❌ Failed Tests

▲ Vercel Production (1 failed)

astro (1 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR | 🔍 observability

🌍 Community Worlds (160 failed)

mongodb-dev (6 failed):

• dev e2e should rebuild on workflow change
• dev e2e should rebuild on step change
• dev e2e should rebuild on imported step dependency change
• dev e2e should rebuild on adding workflow file
• dev e2e should include steps discovered from workflow imports
• dev e2e should copy package step sources discovered via manifest entries

mongodb (71 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• webhook route with invalid token
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• stepDirectCallWorkflow - calling step functions directly outside workflow context
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check endpoint (HTTP) - workflow and step endpoints respond to __health query parameter
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

redis (15 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM

turso (68 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

Details by Category

❌ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ astro	82	1	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	90	0	0

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ mongodb-dev	0	6	0
❌ mongodb	0	71	0
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	15	0
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	68	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	84	0	6

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: failure
• Local Dev: failure
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: success

Check the workflow run for details.

[changeset-bot]

⚠️ No Changeset found

Latest commit: 3d1f26a

Merging this PR will not cause a version bump for any packages. If these changes should not result in a new version, you're good to go. If these changes should result in a version bump, you need to add a changeset.

This PR includes no changesets

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[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.034s (-6.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.970s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (+16.0% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (-14.9% 🟢)	1.010s (-1.0%)	0.948s	10	1.83x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.076s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.024s (+1.4%)	0.948s	10	2.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.205s (-41.2% 🟢)	1.703s (-21.2% 🟢)	1.498s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.221s (-8.8% 🟢)	1.922s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.702s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.239s (-3.7%)	1.880s (-12.7% 🟢)	1.641s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.125s (+2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.129s (+2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.878s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (~)	2.009s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.148s (+0.8%)	2.010s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.802s (-5.4% 🟢)	3.794s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.880s (-17.7% 🟢)	3.573s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.693s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.007s (+7.1% 🔺)	3.104s (-13.5% 🟢)	1.097s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.738s (+0.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.283s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.861s (-1.1%)	11.020s (-3.0%)	0.159s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.893s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.130s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.925s (+2.5%)	11.023s (~)	0.099s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	17.338s (+2.1%)	19.649s (+2.3%)	2.310s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	17.905s (+1.3%)	19.332s (-0.9%)	1.427s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.276s (~)	19.696s (-4.4%)	1.419s	2	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.479s (+1.6%)	15.026s (~)	0.547s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.592s (~)	15.026s (~)	0.434s	4	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.784s (+1.2%)	15.032s (~)	0.249s	4	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	14.981s (+5.2% 🔺)	15.278s (+1.7%)	0.297s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	30.605s (-3.8%)	32.327s (-4.0%)	1.722s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.907s (-3.7%)	33.933s (-3.6%)	2.027s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.651s (+2.6%)	34.544s (~)	0.893s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	14.078s (+1.0%)	14.740s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.663s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.117s (-1.5%)	14.747s (-1.9%)	0.629s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	15.026s (~)	15.526s (+1.1%)	0.500s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	16.596s (+11.3% 🔺)	17.031s (+13.3% 🔺)	0.435s	6	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	52.139s (-3.8%)	53.984s (-4.4%)	1.846s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	53.098s (+1.1%)	55.078s (+1.7%)	1.980s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	58.709s (+4.7%)	60.078s (+4.2%)	1.368s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.268s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.742s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.277s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.733s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.401s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.004s (~)	0.603s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.558s (+6.8% 🔺)	2.005s (~)	0.447s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.529s (-2.6%)	4.098s (-2.8%)	1.570s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.816s (+30.2% 🔺)	4.556s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.739s	7	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.827s (+1.8%)	4.296s (-1.5%)	1.469s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.301s (-1.6%)	3.009s (~)	0.708s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.349s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.660s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.387s (-6.8% 🟢)	3.007s (~)	0.619s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.942s (+3.5%)	3.208s (+3.2%)	0.266s	10	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.502s (~)	3.967s (+4.1%)	1.465s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (-7.3% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.539s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.812s (+23.2% 🔺)	5.031s (+9.0% 🔺)	1.219s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.454s (~)	4.010s (~)	0.557s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.488s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.524s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.583s (-19.6% 🟢)	6.276s (-16.5% 🟢)	0.693s	5	1.62x
💻 Local	Express	8.207s (+15.7% 🔺)	9.023s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.817s	4	2.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.258s (+13.7% 🔺)	4.948s (+12.5% 🔺)	1.690s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.780s (+9.0% 🔺)	5.421s (+5.2% 🔺)	1.641s	6	1.16x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (+1.3%)	5.242s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.235s	6	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.254s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.266s (+0.8%)	2.009s (~)	0.743s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.413s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.591s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.521s (+3.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.484s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.012s (-4.3%)	3.678s (+1.5%)	1.667s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.203s (-0.8%)	3.428s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.225s	9	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.294s (-6.5% 🟢)	3.968s (-2.2%)	1.674s	8	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.339s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.374s (+1.6%)	3.010s (~)	0.637s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.473s (-10.6% 🟢)	3.007s (-3.3%)	0.534s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	3.073s (+13.9% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.2% 🔺)	0.811s	8	1.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.442s (-14.6% 🟢)	4.143s (-4.5%)	1.700s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.426s (+5.6% 🔺)	4.824s (-1.4%)	1.398s	7	1.40x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.721s (+4.6%)	5.262s (-1.8%)	1.541s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.460s (-0.8%)	4.011s (~)	0.550s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.507s (+0.7%)	4.011s (~)	0.504s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.438s (-13.6% 🟢)	7.013s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.575s	5	1.86x
💻 Local	Express	8.756s (+14.5% 🔺)	9.022s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.266s	4	2.53x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.624s (-35.1% 🟢)	4.114s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.490s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.818s (-37.4% 🟢)	4.510s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.692s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.933s (-7.0% 🟢)	5.001s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.068s	6	1.50x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.834s (+2.2%)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.173s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.834s (-1.4%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.172s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.891s (+28.1% 🔺)	1.180s (+17.5% 🔺)	0.289s	51	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	0.981s (+37.8% 🔺)	1.114s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.133s	55	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	9.402s (-2.8%)	11.301s (-1.4%)	1.899s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.013s (+11.0% 🔺)	11.942s (+8.0% 🔺)	1.929s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.045s (-17.6% 🟢)	11.706s (-17.5% 🟢)	1.661s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.003s (+3.8%)	2.508s (+19.4% 🔺)	0.505s	36	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.037s (-2.2%)	2.715s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.677s	34	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.605s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.110s (+3.4%)	0.505s	29	1.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.022s (+33.8% 🔺)	3.649s (+21.3% 🔺)	0.627s	25	1.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.736s (-2.0%)	31.790s (-1.9%)	2.055s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	29.738s (-2.5%)	31.058s (-3.9%)	1.321s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.863s (+5.7% 🔺)	33.890s (+4.5%)	2.027s	3	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	4.096s (-0.6%)	4.892s (~)	0.796s	25	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.194s (+8.2% 🔺)	4.932s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.738s	25	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.516s (+2.2%)	8.014s (~)	0.499s	15	1.83x
💻 Local	Express	9.190s (+25.4% 🔺)	9.941s (+24.0% 🔺)	0.751s	13	2.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	77.650s (-40.7% 🟢)	79.383s (-40.4% 🟢)	1.732s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	82.298s (-30.5% 🟢)	84.696s (-29.7% 🟢)	2.398s	2	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	86.058s (+4.2%)	87.654s (+3.9%)	1.597s	2	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.293s (+2.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.714s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.294s (+3.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.713s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.533s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.020s (+1.6%)	0.488s	59	1.82x
💻 Local	Express	0.575s (-3.9%)	1.004s (-1.6%)	0.429s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s (-11.3% 🟢)	2.869s (-12.4% 🟢)	1.375s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.538s (-12.3% 🟢)	3.277s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.739s	19	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.599s (~)	3.307s (+0.6%)	1.708s	19	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.492s (-2.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.514s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.519s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.488s	90	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.982s (-18.5% 🟢)	2.693s (-10.5% 🟢)	0.711s	34	4.03x
💻 Local	Express	2.515s (+2.1%)	3.009s (~)	0.494s	30	5.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.944s (+8.9% 🔺)	4.623s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.679s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.979s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.674s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.695s	20	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	4.391s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.347s	21	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.787s (-1.9%)	1.008s (~)	0.221s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.844s (+4.0%)	1.037s (+1.9%)	0.192s	116	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.681s (-15.9% 🟢)	9.193s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.512s	14	11.03x
💻 Local	Express	11.143s (+5.3% 🔺)	11.755s (+6.6% 🔺)	0.611s	11	14.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.563s (-5.2% 🟢)	8.727s (-1.0%)	2.163s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.683s (-1.4%)	8.437s (-2.0%)	1.754s	15	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.863s (+236.4% 🔺)	23.216s (+177.0% 🔺)	1.353s	11	3.33x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.173s (+21.7% 🔺)	1.003s (~)	0.008s (-17.0% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.840s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.206s (-3.9%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.805s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.207s (+47.0% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+24.5% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.811s	10	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.211s (-1.9%)	1.000s (~)	0.002s (~)	1.011s (~)	0.800s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.811s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.304s (+15.6% 🔺)	2.148s (+119.8% 🔺)	5.926s (+38.6% 🔺)	4.115s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.892s (+26.9% 🔺)	3.012s (-0.6%)	1.690s (+112.1% 🔺)	5.126s (+20.7% 🔺)	3.234s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.142s (+52.1% 🔺)	3.573s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.703s (+75.2% 🔺)	5.765s (+44.9% 🔺)	3.622s	10	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.632s (+2.2%)	1.005s (~)	0.006s (+39.1% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.392s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.641s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.004s (+1.2%)	1.022s (~)	0.381s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.671s (+16.1% 🔺)	1.028s (+1.6%)	0.008s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.037s (+1.4%)	0.366s	58	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.748s (+12.2% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.009s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.022s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.274s	59	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.108s (-4.0%)	5.834s (~)	0.224s (-36.1% 🟢)	6.455s (-2.4%)	2.346s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.207s (+0.8%)	5.872s (-5.2% 🟢)	0.286s (-33.5% 🟢)	6.587s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.380s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.519s (+7.2% 🔺)	5.490s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.285s (-19.2% 🟢)	6.110s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.591s	10	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.950s (-3.0%)	1.107s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.000s (+27.8% 🔺)	1.119s (-14.5% 🟢)	0.169s	54	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.993s (+1.4%)	1.382s (+15.4% 🔺)	0.000s (+127.3% 🔺)	1.396s (+14.7% 🔺)	0.402s	44	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.072s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.710s (-15.3% 🟢)	0.000s (~)	1.712s (-15.4% 🟢)	0.640s	36	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (+4.2%)	2.021s (~)	0.001s (+88.9% 🔺)	2.023s (~)	0.794s	30	1.29x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.631s (-21.9% 🟢)	3.854s (-14.2% 🟢)	0.000s (-66.7% 🟢)	4.405s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.774s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.772s (-1.5%)	4.215s (~)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	4.636s (~)	1.863s	13	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.190s (-2.8%)	4.089s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.001s (-8.6% 🟢)	4.424s (-11.8% 🟢)	1.235s	14	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.738s (~)	2.102s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.143s (~)	0.404s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.917s (+8.6% 🔺)	2.345s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-44.2% 🟢)	2.359s (+9.8% 🔺)	0.442s	26	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.997s (-20.2% 🟢)	3.473s (-16.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-33.3% 🟢)	3.475s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.477s	18	1.72x
💻 Local	Express	3.536s (+0.8%)	4.035s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	4.038s (~)	0.501s	16	2.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.014s (-5.4% 🟢)	5.229s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.656s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.642s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.221s (+6.2% 🔺)	5.694s (+10.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.117s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.895s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.312s (~)	5.503s (-2.8%)	0.000s (-9.1% 🟢)	5.812s (-4.4%)	1.500s	11	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	21/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	17/21
▲ Vercel	Express	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	▲ Vercel	21/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Description:

Problem:https://workflow-sdk.dev/sitemap.xml returns a 500 error. A beforeFiles rewrite in docs/next.config.ts was proxying /sitemap.xml to https://crawled-sitemap.vercel.sh/useworkflow.dev-.xml, which no longer exists after the domain rename from useworkflow.dev to workflow-sdk.dev (#1759). The crawled-sitemap service returns 500 for the old domain and 404 for the new one.

What changed: Removed the /sitemap.xml rewrite rule from docs/next.config.ts. This allows Next.js to serve the sitemap directly from the existing docs/app/sitemap.ts, which already generates a complete XML sitemap with all pages including cookbook URLs.

Why: The built-in sitemap.ts is a fully functional replacement — it iterates all pages from the docs source and produces a proper MetadataRoute.Sitemap. The crawled-sitemap rewrite can be re-added later if/when the service indexes workflow-sdk.dev.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Ignored	Preview	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
❌ ▲ Vercel Production	922	1	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	910	0	80	990
✅ 📦 Local Production	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	90	0	0	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	71	160	0	231
✅ 📋 Other	252	0	18	270
Total	4233	161	337	4731

❌ Failed Tests

▲ Vercel Production (1 failed)

astro (1 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR | 🔍 observability

🌍 Community Worlds (160 failed)

mongodb-dev (6 failed):

• dev e2e should rebuild on workflow change
• dev e2e should rebuild on step change
• dev e2e should rebuild on imported step dependency change
• dev e2e should rebuild on adding workflow file
• dev e2e should include steps discovered from workflow imports
• dev e2e should copy package step sources discovered via manifest entries

mongodb (71 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• webhook route with invalid token
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• stepDirectCallWorkflow - calling step functions directly outside workflow context
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check endpoint (HTTP) - workflow and step endpoints respond to __health query parameter
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

redis (15 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM

turso (68 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

Details by Category

❌ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ astro	82	1	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	90	0	0

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ mongodb-dev	0	6	0
❌ mongodb	0	71	0
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	15	0
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	68	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	84	0	6

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: failure
• Local Dev: failure
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: success

Check the workflow run for details.

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Latest commit: 3d1f26a

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.034s (-6.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.970s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (+16.0% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (-14.9% 🟢)	1.010s (-1.0%)	0.948s	10	1.83x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.076s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.024s (+1.4%)	0.948s	10	2.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.205s (-41.2% 🟢)	1.703s (-21.2% 🟢)	1.498s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.221s (-8.8% 🟢)	1.922s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.702s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.239s (-3.7%)	1.880s (-12.7% 🟢)	1.641s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.125s (+2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.129s (+2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.878s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (~)	2.009s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.148s (+0.8%)	2.010s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.802s (-5.4% 🟢)	3.794s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.880s (-17.7% 🟢)	3.573s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.693s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.007s (+7.1% 🔺)	3.104s (-13.5% 🟢)	1.097s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.738s (+0.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.283s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.861s (-1.1%)	11.020s (-3.0%)	0.159s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.893s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.130s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.925s (+2.5%)	11.023s (~)	0.099s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	17.338s (+2.1%)	19.649s (+2.3%)	2.310s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	17.905s (+1.3%)	19.332s (-0.9%)	1.427s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.276s (~)	19.696s (-4.4%)	1.419s	2	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.479s (+1.6%)	15.026s (~)	0.547s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.592s (~)	15.026s (~)	0.434s	4	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.784s (+1.2%)	15.032s (~)	0.249s	4	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	14.981s (+5.2% 🔺)	15.278s (+1.7%)	0.297s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	30.605s (-3.8%)	32.327s (-4.0%)	1.722s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.907s (-3.7%)	33.933s (-3.6%)	2.027s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.651s (+2.6%)	34.544s (~)	0.893s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	14.078s (+1.0%)	14.740s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.663s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.117s (-1.5%)	14.747s (-1.9%)	0.629s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	15.026s (~)	15.526s (+1.1%)	0.500s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	16.596s (+11.3% 🔺)	17.031s (+13.3% 🔺)	0.435s	6	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	52.139s (-3.8%)	53.984s (-4.4%)	1.846s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	53.098s (+1.1%)	55.078s (+1.7%)	1.980s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	58.709s (+4.7%)	60.078s (+4.2%)	1.368s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.268s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.742s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.277s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.733s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.401s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.004s (~)	0.603s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.558s (+6.8% 🔺)	2.005s (~)	0.447s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.529s (-2.6%)	4.098s (-2.8%)	1.570s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.816s (+30.2% 🔺)	4.556s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.739s	7	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.827s (+1.8%)	4.296s (-1.5%)	1.469s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.301s (-1.6%)	3.009s (~)	0.708s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.349s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.660s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.387s (-6.8% 🟢)	3.007s (~)	0.619s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.942s (+3.5%)	3.208s (+3.2%)	0.266s	10	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.502s (~)	3.967s (+4.1%)	1.465s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (-7.3% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.539s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.812s (+23.2% 🔺)	5.031s (+9.0% 🔺)	1.219s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.454s (~)	4.010s (~)	0.557s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.488s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.524s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.583s (-19.6% 🟢)	6.276s (-16.5% 🟢)	0.693s	5	1.62x
💻 Local	Express	8.207s (+15.7% 🔺)	9.023s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.817s	4	2.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.258s (+13.7% 🔺)	4.948s (+12.5% 🔺)	1.690s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.780s (+9.0% 🔺)	5.421s (+5.2% 🔺)	1.641s	6	1.16x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (+1.3%)	5.242s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.235s	6	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.254s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.266s (+0.8%)	2.009s (~)	0.743s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.413s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.591s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.521s (+3.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.484s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.012s (-4.3%)	3.678s (+1.5%)	1.667s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.203s (-0.8%)	3.428s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.225s	9	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.294s (-6.5% 🟢)	3.968s (-2.2%)	1.674s	8	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.339s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.374s (+1.6%)	3.010s (~)	0.637s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.473s (-10.6% 🟢)	3.007s (-3.3%)	0.534s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	3.073s (+13.9% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.2% 🔺)	0.811s	8	1.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.442s (-14.6% 🟢)	4.143s (-4.5%)	1.700s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.426s (+5.6% 🔺)	4.824s (-1.4%)	1.398s	7	1.40x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.721s (+4.6%)	5.262s (-1.8%)	1.541s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.460s (-0.8%)	4.011s (~)	0.550s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.507s (+0.7%)	4.011s (~)	0.504s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.438s (-13.6% 🟢)	7.013s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.575s	5	1.86x
💻 Local	Express	8.756s (+14.5% 🔺)	9.022s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.266s	4	2.53x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.624s (-35.1% 🟢)	4.114s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.490s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.818s (-37.4% 🟢)	4.510s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.692s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.933s (-7.0% 🟢)	5.001s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.068s	6	1.50x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.834s (+2.2%)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.173s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.834s (-1.4%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.172s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.891s (+28.1% 🔺)	1.180s (+17.5% 🔺)	0.289s	51	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	0.981s (+37.8% 🔺)	1.114s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.133s	55	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	9.402s (-2.8%)	11.301s (-1.4%)	1.899s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.013s (+11.0% 🔺)	11.942s (+8.0% 🔺)	1.929s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.045s (-17.6% 🟢)	11.706s (-17.5% 🟢)	1.661s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.003s (+3.8%)	2.508s (+19.4% 🔺)	0.505s	36	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.037s (-2.2%)	2.715s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.677s	34	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.605s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.110s (+3.4%)	0.505s	29	1.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.022s (+33.8% 🔺)	3.649s (+21.3% 🔺)	0.627s	25	1.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.736s (-2.0%)	31.790s (-1.9%)	2.055s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	29.738s (-2.5%)	31.058s (-3.9%)	1.321s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.863s (+5.7% 🔺)	33.890s (+4.5%)	2.027s	3	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	4.096s (-0.6%)	4.892s (~)	0.796s	25	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.194s (+8.2% 🔺)	4.932s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.738s	25	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.516s (+2.2%)	8.014s (~)	0.499s	15	1.83x
💻 Local	Express	9.190s (+25.4% 🔺)	9.941s (+24.0% 🔺)	0.751s	13	2.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	77.650s (-40.7% 🟢)	79.383s (-40.4% 🟢)	1.732s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	82.298s (-30.5% 🟢)	84.696s (-29.7% 🟢)	2.398s	2	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	86.058s (+4.2%)	87.654s (+3.9%)	1.597s	2	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.293s (+2.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.714s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.294s (+3.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.713s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.533s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.020s (+1.6%)	0.488s	59	1.82x
💻 Local	Express	0.575s (-3.9%)	1.004s (-1.6%)	0.429s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s (-11.3% 🟢)	2.869s (-12.4% 🟢)	1.375s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.538s (-12.3% 🟢)	3.277s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.739s	19	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.599s (~)	3.307s (+0.6%)	1.708s	19	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.492s (-2.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.514s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.519s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.488s	90	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.982s (-18.5% 🟢)	2.693s (-10.5% 🟢)	0.711s	34	4.03x
💻 Local	Express	2.515s (+2.1%)	3.009s (~)	0.494s	30	5.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.944s (+8.9% 🔺)	4.623s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.679s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.979s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.674s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.695s	20	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	4.391s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.347s	21	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.787s (-1.9%)	1.008s (~)	0.221s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.844s (+4.0%)	1.037s (+1.9%)	0.192s	116	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.681s (-15.9% 🟢)	9.193s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.512s	14	11.03x
💻 Local	Express	11.143s (+5.3% 🔺)	11.755s (+6.6% 🔺)	0.611s	11	14.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.563s (-5.2% 🟢)	8.727s (-1.0%)	2.163s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.683s (-1.4%)	8.437s (-2.0%)	1.754s	15	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.863s (+236.4% 🔺)	23.216s (+177.0% 🔺)	1.353s	11	3.33x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.173s (+21.7% 🔺)	1.003s (~)	0.008s (-17.0% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.840s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.206s (-3.9%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.805s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.207s (+47.0% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+24.5% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.811s	10	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.211s (-1.9%)	1.000s (~)	0.002s (~)	1.011s (~)	0.800s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.811s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.304s (+15.6% 🔺)	2.148s (+119.8% 🔺)	5.926s (+38.6% 🔺)	4.115s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.892s (+26.9% 🔺)	3.012s (-0.6%)	1.690s (+112.1% 🔺)	5.126s (+20.7% 🔺)	3.234s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.142s (+52.1% 🔺)	3.573s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.703s (+75.2% 🔺)	5.765s (+44.9% 🔺)	3.622s	10	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.632s (+2.2%)	1.005s (~)	0.006s (+39.1% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.392s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.641s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.004s (+1.2%)	1.022s (~)	0.381s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.671s (+16.1% 🔺)	1.028s (+1.6%)	0.008s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.037s (+1.4%)	0.366s	58	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.748s (+12.2% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.009s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.022s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.274s	59	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.108s (-4.0%)	5.834s (~)	0.224s (-36.1% 🟢)	6.455s (-2.4%)	2.346s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.207s (+0.8%)	5.872s (-5.2% 🟢)	0.286s (-33.5% 🟢)	6.587s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.380s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.519s (+7.2% 🔺)	5.490s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.285s (-19.2% 🟢)	6.110s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.591s	10	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.950s (-3.0%)	1.107s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.000s (+27.8% 🔺)	1.119s (-14.5% 🟢)	0.169s	54	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.993s (+1.4%)	1.382s (+15.4% 🔺)	0.000s (+127.3% 🔺)	1.396s (+14.7% 🔺)	0.402s	44	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.072s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.710s (-15.3% 🟢)	0.000s (~)	1.712s (-15.4% 🟢)	0.640s	36	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (+4.2%)	2.021s (~)	0.001s (+88.9% 🔺)	2.023s (~)	0.794s	30	1.29x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.631s (-21.9% 🟢)	3.854s (-14.2% 🟢)	0.000s (-66.7% 🟢)	4.405s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.774s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.772s (-1.5%)	4.215s (~)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	4.636s (~)	1.863s	13	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.190s (-2.8%)	4.089s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.001s (-8.6% 🟢)	4.424s (-11.8% 🟢)	1.235s	14	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.738s (~)	2.102s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.143s (~)	0.404s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.917s (+8.6% 🔺)	2.345s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-44.2% 🟢)	2.359s (+9.8% 🔺)	0.442s	26	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.997s (-20.2% 🟢)	3.473s (-16.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-33.3% 🟢)	3.475s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.477s	18	1.72x
💻 Local	Express	3.536s (+0.8%)	4.035s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	4.038s (~)	0.501s	16	2.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.014s (-5.4% 🟢)	5.229s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.656s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.642s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.221s (+6.2% 🔺)	5.694s (+10.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.117s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.895s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.312s (~)	5.503s (-2.8%)	0.000s (-9.1% 🟢)	5.812s (-4.4%)	1.500s	11	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	21/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	17/21
▲ Vercel	Express	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	▲ Vercel	21/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Description:

Problem:https://workflow-sdk.dev/sitemap.xml returns a 500 error. A beforeFiles rewrite in docs/next.config.ts was proxying /sitemap.xml to https://crawled-sitemap.vercel.sh/useworkflow.dev-.xml, which no longer exists after the domain rename from useworkflow.dev to workflow-sdk.dev (#1759). The crawled-sitemap service returns 500 for the old domain and 404 for the new one.

What changed: Removed the /sitemap.xml rewrite rule from docs/next.config.ts. This allows Next.js to serve the sitemap directly from the existing docs/app/sitemap.ts, which already generates a complete XML sitemap with all pages including cookbook URLs.

Why: The built-in sitemap.ts is a fully functional replacement — it iterates all pages from the docs source and produces a proper MetadataRoute.Sitemap. The crawled-sitemap rewrite can be re-added later if/when the service indexes workflow-sdk.dev.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Ignored	Preview	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
❌ ▲ Vercel Production	922	1	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	910	0	80	990
✅ 📦 Local Production	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	90	0	0	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	71	160	0	231
✅ 📋 Other	252	0	18	270
Total	4233	161	337	4731

❌ Failed Tests

▲ Vercel Production (1 failed)

astro (1 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR | 🔍 observability

🌍 Community Worlds (160 failed)

mongodb-dev (6 failed):

• dev e2e should rebuild on workflow change
• dev e2e should rebuild on step change
• dev e2e should rebuild on imported step dependency change
• dev e2e should rebuild on adding workflow file
• dev e2e should include steps discovered from workflow imports
• dev e2e should copy package step sources discovered via manifest entries

mongodb (71 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• webhook route with invalid token
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• stepDirectCallWorkflow - calling step functions directly outside workflow context
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check endpoint (HTTP) - workflow and step endpoints respond to __health query parameter
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

redis (15 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM

turso (68 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

Details by Category

❌ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ astro	82	1	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	90	0	0

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ mongodb-dev	0	6	0
❌ mongodb	0	71	0
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	15	0
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	68	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	84	0	6

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: failure
• Local Dev: failure
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: success

Check the workflow run for details.

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.034s (-6.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.970s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (+16.0% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (-14.9% 🟢)	1.010s (-1.0%)	0.948s	10	1.83x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.076s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.024s (+1.4%)	0.948s	10	2.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.205s (-41.2% 🟢)	1.703s (-21.2% 🟢)	1.498s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.221s (-8.8% 🟢)	1.922s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.702s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.239s (-3.7%)	1.880s (-12.7% 🟢)	1.641s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.125s (+2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.129s (+2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.878s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (~)	2.009s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.148s (+0.8%)	2.010s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.802s (-5.4% 🟢)	3.794s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.880s (-17.7% 🟢)	3.573s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.693s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.007s (+7.1% 🔺)	3.104s (-13.5% 🟢)	1.097s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.738s (+0.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.283s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.861s (-1.1%)	11.020s (-3.0%)	0.159s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.893s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.130s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.925s (+2.5%)	11.023s (~)	0.099s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	17.338s (+2.1%)	19.649s (+2.3%)	2.310s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	17.905s (+1.3%)	19.332s (-0.9%)	1.427s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.276s (~)	19.696s (-4.4%)	1.419s	2	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.479s (+1.6%)	15.026s (~)	0.547s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.592s (~)	15.026s (~)	0.434s	4	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.784s (+1.2%)	15.032s (~)	0.249s	4	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	14.981s (+5.2% 🔺)	15.278s (+1.7%)	0.297s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	30.605s (-3.8%)	32.327s (-4.0%)	1.722s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.907s (-3.7%)	33.933s (-3.6%)	2.027s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.651s (+2.6%)	34.544s (~)	0.893s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	14.078s (+1.0%)	14.740s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.663s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.117s (-1.5%)	14.747s (-1.9%)	0.629s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	15.026s (~)	15.526s (+1.1%)	0.500s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	16.596s (+11.3% 🔺)	17.031s (+13.3% 🔺)	0.435s	6	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	52.139s (-3.8%)	53.984s (-4.4%)	1.846s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	53.098s (+1.1%)	55.078s (+1.7%)	1.980s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	58.709s (+4.7%)	60.078s (+4.2%)	1.368s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.268s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.742s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.277s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.733s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.401s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.004s (~)	0.603s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.558s (+6.8% 🔺)	2.005s (~)	0.447s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.529s (-2.6%)	4.098s (-2.8%)	1.570s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.816s (+30.2% 🔺)	4.556s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.739s	7	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.827s (+1.8%)	4.296s (-1.5%)	1.469s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.301s (-1.6%)	3.009s (~)	0.708s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.349s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.660s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.387s (-6.8% 🟢)	3.007s (~)	0.619s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.942s (+3.5%)	3.208s (+3.2%)	0.266s	10	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.502s (~)	3.967s (+4.1%)	1.465s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (-7.3% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.539s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.812s (+23.2% 🔺)	5.031s (+9.0% 🔺)	1.219s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.454s (~)	4.010s (~)	0.557s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.488s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.524s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.583s (-19.6% 🟢)	6.276s (-16.5% 🟢)	0.693s	5	1.62x
💻 Local	Express	8.207s (+15.7% 🔺)	9.023s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.817s	4	2.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.258s (+13.7% 🔺)	4.948s (+12.5% 🔺)	1.690s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.780s (+9.0% 🔺)	5.421s (+5.2% 🔺)	1.641s	6	1.16x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (+1.3%)	5.242s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.235s	6	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.254s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.266s (+0.8%)	2.009s (~)	0.743s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.413s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.591s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.521s (+3.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.484s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.012s (-4.3%)	3.678s (+1.5%)	1.667s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.203s (-0.8%)	3.428s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.225s	9	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.294s (-6.5% 🟢)	3.968s (-2.2%)	1.674s	8	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.339s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.374s (+1.6%)	3.010s (~)	0.637s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.473s (-10.6% 🟢)	3.007s (-3.3%)	0.534s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	3.073s (+13.9% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.2% 🔺)	0.811s	8	1.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.442s (-14.6% 🟢)	4.143s (-4.5%)	1.700s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.426s (+5.6% 🔺)	4.824s (-1.4%)	1.398s	7	1.40x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.721s (+4.6%)	5.262s (-1.8%)	1.541s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.460s (-0.8%)	4.011s (~)	0.550s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.507s (+0.7%)	4.011s (~)	0.504s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.438s (-13.6% 🟢)	7.013s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.575s	5	1.86x
💻 Local	Express	8.756s (+14.5% 🔺)	9.022s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.266s	4	2.53x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.624s (-35.1% 🟢)	4.114s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.490s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.818s (-37.4% 🟢)	4.510s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.692s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.933s (-7.0% 🟢)	5.001s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.068s	6	1.50x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.834s (+2.2%)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.173s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.834s (-1.4%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.172s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.891s (+28.1% 🔺)	1.180s (+17.5% 🔺)	0.289s	51	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	0.981s (+37.8% 🔺)	1.114s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.133s	55	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	9.402s (-2.8%)	11.301s (-1.4%)	1.899s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.013s (+11.0% 🔺)	11.942s (+8.0% 🔺)	1.929s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.045s (-17.6% 🟢)	11.706s (-17.5% 🟢)	1.661s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.003s (+3.8%)	2.508s (+19.4% 🔺)	0.505s	36	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.037s (-2.2%)	2.715s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.677s	34	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.605s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.110s (+3.4%)	0.505s	29	1.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.022s (+33.8% 🔺)	3.649s (+21.3% 🔺)	0.627s	25	1.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.736s (-2.0%)	31.790s (-1.9%)	2.055s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	29.738s (-2.5%)	31.058s (-3.9%)	1.321s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.863s (+5.7% 🔺)	33.890s (+4.5%)	2.027s	3	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	4.096s (-0.6%)	4.892s (~)	0.796s	25	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.194s (+8.2% 🔺)	4.932s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.738s	25	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.516s (+2.2%)	8.014s (~)	0.499s	15	1.83x
💻 Local	Express	9.190s (+25.4% 🔺)	9.941s (+24.0% 🔺)	0.751s	13	2.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	77.650s (-40.7% 🟢)	79.383s (-40.4% 🟢)	1.732s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	82.298s (-30.5% 🟢)	84.696s (-29.7% 🟢)	2.398s	2	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	86.058s (+4.2%)	87.654s (+3.9%)	1.597s	2	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.293s (+2.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.714s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.294s (+3.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.713s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.533s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.020s (+1.6%)	0.488s	59	1.82x
💻 Local	Express	0.575s (-3.9%)	1.004s (-1.6%)	0.429s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s (-11.3% 🟢)	2.869s (-12.4% 🟢)	1.375s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.538s (-12.3% 🟢)	3.277s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.739s	19	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.599s (~)	3.307s (+0.6%)	1.708s	19	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.492s (-2.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.514s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.519s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.488s	90	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.982s (-18.5% 🟢)	2.693s (-10.5% 🟢)	0.711s	34	4.03x
💻 Local	Express	2.515s (+2.1%)	3.009s (~)	0.494s	30	5.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.944s (+8.9% 🔺)	4.623s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.679s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.979s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.674s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.695s	20	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	4.391s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.347s	21	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.787s (-1.9%)	1.008s (~)	0.221s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.844s (+4.0%)	1.037s (+1.9%)	0.192s	116	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.681s (-15.9% 🟢)	9.193s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.512s	14	11.03x
💻 Local	Express	11.143s (+5.3% 🔺)	11.755s (+6.6% 🔺)	0.611s	11	14.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.563s (-5.2% 🟢)	8.727s (-1.0%)	2.163s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.683s (-1.4%)	8.437s (-2.0%)	1.754s	15	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.863s (+236.4% 🔺)	23.216s (+177.0% 🔺)	1.353s	11	3.33x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.173s (+21.7% 🔺)	1.003s (~)	0.008s (-17.0% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.840s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.206s (-3.9%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.805s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.207s (+47.0% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+24.5% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.811s	10	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.211s (-1.9%)	1.000s (~)	0.002s (~)	1.011s (~)	0.800s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.811s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.304s (+15.6% 🔺)	2.148s (+119.8% 🔺)	5.926s (+38.6% 🔺)	4.115s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.892s (+26.9% 🔺)	3.012s (-0.6%)	1.690s (+112.1% 🔺)	5.126s (+20.7% 🔺)	3.234s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.142s (+52.1% 🔺)	3.573s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.703s (+75.2% 🔺)	5.765s (+44.9% 🔺)	3.622s	10	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.632s (+2.2%)	1.005s (~)	0.006s (+39.1% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.392s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.641s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.004s (+1.2%)	1.022s (~)	0.381s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.671s (+16.1% 🔺)	1.028s (+1.6%)	0.008s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.037s (+1.4%)	0.366s	58	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.748s (+12.2% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.009s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.022s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.274s	59	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.108s (-4.0%)	5.834s (~)	0.224s (-36.1% 🟢)	6.455s (-2.4%)	2.346s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.207s (+0.8%)	5.872s (-5.2% 🟢)	0.286s (-33.5% 🟢)	6.587s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.380s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.519s (+7.2% 🔺)	5.490s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.285s (-19.2% 🟢)	6.110s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.591s	10	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.950s (-3.0%)	1.107s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.000s (+27.8% 🔺)	1.119s (-14.5% 🟢)	0.169s	54	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.993s (+1.4%)	1.382s (+15.4% 🔺)	0.000s (+127.3% 🔺)	1.396s (+14.7% 🔺)	0.402s	44	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.072s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.710s (-15.3% 🟢)	0.000s (~)	1.712s (-15.4% 🟢)	0.640s	36	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (+4.2%)	2.021s (~)	0.001s (+88.9% 🔺)	2.023s (~)	0.794s	30	1.29x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.631s (-21.9% 🟢)	3.854s (-14.2% 🟢)	0.000s (-66.7% 🟢)	4.405s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.774s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.772s (-1.5%)	4.215s (~)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	4.636s (~)	1.863s	13	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.190s (-2.8%)	4.089s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.001s (-8.6% 🟢)	4.424s (-11.8% 🟢)	1.235s	14	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.738s (~)	2.102s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.143s (~)	0.404s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.917s (+8.6% 🔺)	2.345s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-44.2% 🟢)	2.359s (+9.8% 🔺)	0.442s	26	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.997s (-20.2% 🟢)	3.473s (-16.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-33.3% 🟢)	3.475s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.477s	18	1.72x
💻 Local	Express	3.536s (+0.8%)	4.035s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	4.038s (~)	0.501s	16	2.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.014s (-5.4% 🟢)	5.229s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.656s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.642s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.221s (+6.2% 🔺)	5.694s (+10.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.117s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.895s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.312s (~)	5.503s (-2.8%)	0.000s (-9.1% 🟢)	5.812s (-4.4%)	1.500s	11	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	21/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	17/21
▲ Vercel	Express	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	▲ Vercel	21/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Description:

Problem:https://workflow-sdk.dev/sitemap.xml returns a 500 error. A beforeFiles rewrite in docs/next.config.ts was proxying /sitemap.xml to https://crawled-sitemap.vercel.sh/useworkflow.dev-.xml, which no longer exists after the domain rename from useworkflow.dev to workflow-sdk.dev (#1759). The crawled-sitemap service returns 500 for the old domain and 404 for the new one.

What changed: Removed the /sitemap.xml rewrite rule from docs/next.config.ts. This allows Next.js to serve the sitemap directly from the existing docs/app/sitemap.ts, which already generates a complete XML sitemap with all pages including cookbook URLs.

Why: The built-in sitemap.ts is a fully functional replacement — it iterates all pages from the docs source and produces a proper MetadataRoute.Sitemap. The crawled-sitemap rewrite can be re-added later if/when the service indexes workflow-sdk.dev.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Ignored	Preview	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
❌ ▲ Vercel Production	922	1	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	910	0	80	990
✅ 📦 Local Production	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	90	0	0	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	71	160	0	231
✅ 📋 Other	252	0	18	270
Total	4233	161	337	4731

❌ Failed Tests

▲ Vercel Production (1 failed)

astro (1 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR | 🔍 observability

🌍 Community Worlds (160 failed)

mongodb-dev (6 failed):

• dev e2e should rebuild on workflow change
• dev e2e should rebuild on step change
• dev e2e should rebuild on imported step dependency change
• dev e2e should rebuild on adding workflow file
• dev e2e should include steps discovered from workflow imports
• dev e2e should copy package step sources discovered via manifest entries

mongodb (71 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• webhook route with invalid token
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• stepDirectCallWorkflow - calling step functions directly outside workflow context
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check endpoint (HTTP) - workflow and step endpoints respond to __health query parameter
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

redis (15 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM

turso (68 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

Details by Category

❌ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ astro	82	1	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	90	0	0

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ mongodb-dev	0	6	0
❌ mongodb	0	71	0
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	15	0
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	68	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	84	0	6

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: failure
• Local Dev: failure
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: success

Check the workflow run for details.

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Latest commit: 3d1f26a

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.034s (-6.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.970s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (+16.0% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (-14.9% 🟢)	1.010s (-1.0%)	0.948s	10	1.83x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.076s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.024s (+1.4%)	0.948s	10	2.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.205s (-41.2% 🟢)	1.703s (-21.2% 🟢)	1.498s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.221s (-8.8% 🟢)	1.922s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.702s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.239s (-3.7%)	1.880s (-12.7% 🟢)	1.641s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.125s (+2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.129s (+2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.878s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (~)	2.009s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.148s (+0.8%)	2.010s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.802s (-5.4% 🟢)	3.794s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.880s (-17.7% 🟢)	3.573s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.693s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.007s (+7.1% 🔺)	3.104s (-13.5% 🟢)	1.097s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.738s (+0.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.283s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.861s (-1.1%)	11.020s (-3.0%)	0.159s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.893s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.130s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.925s (+2.5%)	11.023s (~)	0.099s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	17.338s (+2.1%)	19.649s (+2.3%)	2.310s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	17.905s (+1.3%)	19.332s (-0.9%)	1.427s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.276s (~)	19.696s (-4.4%)	1.419s	2	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.479s (+1.6%)	15.026s (~)	0.547s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.592s (~)	15.026s (~)	0.434s	4	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.784s (+1.2%)	15.032s (~)	0.249s	4	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	14.981s (+5.2% 🔺)	15.278s (+1.7%)	0.297s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	30.605s (-3.8%)	32.327s (-4.0%)	1.722s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.907s (-3.7%)	33.933s (-3.6%)	2.027s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.651s (+2.6%)	34.544s (~)	0.893s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	14.078s (+1.0%)	14.740s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.663s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.117s (-1.5%)	14.747s (-1.9%)	0.629s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	15.026s (~)	15.526s (+1.1%)	0.500s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	16.596s (+11.3% 🔺)	17.031s (+13.3% 🔺)	0.435s	6	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	52.139s (-3.8%)	53.984s (-4.4%)	1.846s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	53.098s (+1.1%)	55.078s (+1.7%)	1.980s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	58.709s (+4.7%)	60.078s (+4.2%)	1.368s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.268s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.742s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.277s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.733s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.401s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.004s (~)	0.603s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.558s (+6.8% 🔺)	2.005s (~)	0.447s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.529s (-2.6%)	4.098s (-2.8%)	1.570s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.816s (+30.2% 🔺)	4.556s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.739s	7	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.827s (+1.8%)	4.296s (-1.5%)	1.469s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.301s (-1.6%)	3.009s (~)	0.708s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.349s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.660s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.387s (-6.8% 🟢)	3.007s (~)	0.619s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.942s (+3.5%)	3.208s (+3.2%)	0.266s	10	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.502s (~)	3.967s (+4.1%)	1.465s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (-7.3% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.539s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.812s (+23.2% 🔺)	5.031s (+9.0% 🔺)	1.219s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.454s (~)	4.010s (~)	0.557s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.488s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.524s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.583s (-19.6% 🟢)	6.276s (-16.5% 🟢)	0.693s	5	1.62x
💻 Local	Express	8.207s (+15.7% 🔺)	9.023s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.817s	4	2.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.258s (+13.7% 🔺)	4.948s (+12.5% 🔺)	1.690s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.780s (+9.0% 🔺)	5.421s (+5.2% 🔺)	1.641s	6	1.16x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (+1.3%)	5.242s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.235s	6	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.254s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.266s (+0.8%)	2.009s (~)	0.743s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.413s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.591s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.521s (+3.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.484s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.012s (-4.3%)	3.678s (+1.5%)	1.667s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.203s (-0.8%)	3.428s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.225s	9	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.294s (-6.5% 🟢)	3.968s (-2.2%)	1.674s	8	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.339s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.374s (+1.6%)	3.010s (~)	0.637s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.473s (-10.6% 🟢)	3.007s (-3.3%)	0.534s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	3.073s (+13.9% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.2% 🔺)	0.811s	8	1.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.442s (-14.6% 🟢)	4.143s (-4.5%)	1.700s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.426s (+5.6% 🔺)	4.824s (-1.4%)	1.398s	7	1.40x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.721s (+4.6%)	5.262s (-1.8%)	1.541s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.460s (-0.8%)	4.011s (~)	0.550s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.507s (+0.7%)	4.011s (~)	0.504s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.438s (-13.6% 🟢)	7.013s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.575s	5	1.86x
💻 Local	Express	8.756s (+14.5% 🔺)	9.022s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.266s	4	2.53x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.624s (-35.1% 🟢)	4.114s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.490s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.818s (-37.4% 🟢)	4.510s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.692s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.933s (-7.0% 🟢)	5.001s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.068s	6	1.50x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.834s (+2.2%)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.173s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.834s (-1.4%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.172s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.891s (+28.1% 🔺)	1.180s (+17.5% 🔺)	0.289s	51	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	0.981s (+37.8% 🔺)	1.114s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.133s	55	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	9.402s (-2.8%)	11.301s (-1.4%)	1.899s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.013s (+11.0% 🔺)	11.942s (+8.0% 🔺)	1.929s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.045s (-17.6% 🟢)	11.706s (-17.5% 🟢)	1.661s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.003s (+3.8%)	2.508s (+19.4% 🔺)	0.505s	36	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.037s (-2.2%)	2.715s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.677s	34	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.605s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.110s (+3.4%)	0.505s	29	1.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.022s (+33.8% 🔺)	3.649s (+21.3% 🔺)	0.627s	25	1.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.736s (-2.0%)	31.790s (-1.9%)	2.055s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	29.738s (-2.5%)	31.058s (-3.9%)	1.321s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.863s (+5.7% 🔺)	33.890s (+4.5%)	2.027s	3	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	4.096s (-0.6%)	4.892s (~)	0.796s	25	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.194s (+8.2% 🔺)	4.932s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.738s	25	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.516s (+2.2%)	8.014s (~)	0.499s	15	1.83x
💻 Local	Express	9.190s (+25.4% 🔺)	9.941s (+24.0% 🔺)	0.751s	13	2.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	77.650s (-40.7% 🟢)	79.383s (-40.4% 🟢)	1.732s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	82.298s (-30.5% 🟢)	84.696s (-29.7% 🟢)	2.398s	2	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	86.058s (+4.2%)	87.654s (+3.9%)	1.597s	2	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.293s (+2.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.714s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.294s (+3.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.713s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.533s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.020s (+1.6%)	0.488s	59	1.82x
💻 Local	Express	0.575s (-3.9%)	1.004s (-1.6%)	0.429s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s (-11.3% 🟢)	2.869s (-12.4% 🟢)	1.375s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.538s (-12.3% 🟢)	3.277s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.739s	19	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.599s (~)	3.307s (+0.6%)	1.708s	19	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.492s (-2.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.514s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.519s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.488s	90	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.982s (-18.5% 🟢)	2.693s (-10.5% 🟢)	0.711s	34	4.03x
💻 Local	Express	2.515s (+2.1%)	3.009s (~)	0.494s	30	5.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.944s (+8.9% 🔺)	4.623s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.679s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.979s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.674s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.695s	20	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	4.391s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.347s	21	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.787s (-1.9%)	1.008s (~)	0.221s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.844s (+4.0%)	1.037s (+1.9%)	0.192s	116	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.681s (-15.9% 🟢)	9.193s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.512s	14	11.03x
💻 Local	Express	11.143s (+5.3% 🔺)	11.755s (+6.6% 🔺)	0.611s	11	14.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.563s (-5.2% 🟢)	8.727s (-1.0%)	2.163s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.683s (-1.4%)	8.437s (-2.0%)	1.754s	15	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.863s (+236.4% 🔺)	23.216s (+177.0% 🔺)	1.353s	11	3.33x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.173s (+21.7% 🔺)	1.003s (~)	0.008s (-17.0% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.840s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.206s (-3.9%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.805s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.207s (+47.0% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+24.5% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.811s	10	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.211s (-1.9%)	1.000s (~)	0.002s (~)	1.011s (~)	0.800s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.811s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.304s (+15.6% 🔺)	2.148s (+119.8% 🔺)	5.926s (+38.6% 🔺)	4.115s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.892s (+26.9% 🔺)	3.012s (-0.6%)	1.690s (+112.1% 🔺)	5.126s (+20.7% 🔺)	3.234s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.142s (+52.1% 🔺)	3.573s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.703s (+75.2% 🔺)	5.765s (+44.9% 🔺)	3.622s	10	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.632s (+2.2%)	1.005s (~)	0.006s (+39.1% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.392s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.641s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.004s (+1.2%)	1.022s (~)	0.381s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.671s (+16.1% 🔺)	1.028s (+1.6%)	0.008s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.037s (+1.4%)	0.366s	58	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.748s (+12.2% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.009s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.022s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.274s	59	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.108s (-4.0%)	5.834s (~)	0.224s (-36.1% 🟢)	6.455s (-2.4%)	2.346s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.207s (+0.8%)	5.872s (-5.2% 🟢)	0.286s (-33.5% 🟢)	6.587s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.380s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.519s (+7.2% 🔺)	5.490s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.285s (-19.2% 🟢)	6.110s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.591s	10	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.950s (-3.0%)	1.107s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.000s (+27.8% 🔺)	1.119s (-14.5% 🟢)	0.169s	54	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.993s (+1.4%)	1.382s (+15.4% 🔺)	0.000s (+127.3% 🔺)	1.396s (+14.7% 🔺)	0.402s	44	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.072s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.710s (-15.3% 🟢)	0.000s (~)	1.712s (-15.4% 🟢)	0.640s	36	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (+4.2%)	2.021s (~)	0.001s (+88.9% 🔺)	2.023s (~)	0.794s	30	1.29x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.631s (-21.9% 🟢)	3.854s (-14.2% 🟢)	0.000s (-66.7% 🟢)	4.405s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.774s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.772s (-1.5%)	4.215s (~)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	4.636s (~)	1.863s	13	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.190s (-2.8%)	4.089s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.001s (-8.6% 🟢)	4.424s (-11.8% 🟢)	1.235s	14	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.738s (~)	2.102s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.143s (~)	0.404s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.917s (+8.6% 🔺)	2.345s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-44.2% 🟢)	2.359s (+9.8% 🔺)	0.442s	26	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.997s (-20.2% 🟢)	3.473s (-16.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-33.3% 🟢)	3.475s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.477s	18	1.72x
💻 Local	Express	3.536s (+0.8%)	4.035s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	4.038s (~)	0.501s	16	2.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.014s (-5.4% 🟢)	5.229s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.656s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.642s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.221s (+6.2% 🔺)	5.694s (+10.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.117s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.895s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.312s (~)	5.503s (-2.8%)	0.000s (-9.1% 🟢)	5.812s (-4.4%)	1.500s	11	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	21/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	17/21
▲ Vercel	Express	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	▲ Vercel	21/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Description:

Problem:https://workflow-sdk.dev/sitemap.xml returns a 500 error. A beforeFiles rewrite in docs/next.config.ts was proxying /sitemap.xml to https://crawled-sitemap.vercel.sh/useworkflow.dev-.xml, which no longer exists after the domain rename from useworkflow.dev to workflow-sdk.dev (#1759). The crawled-sitemap service returns 500 for the old domain and 404 for the new one.

What changed: Removed the /sitemap.xml rewrite rule from docs/next.config.ts. This allows Next.js to serve the sitemap directly from the existing docs/app/sitemap.ts, which already generates a complete XML sitemap with all pages including cookbook URLs.

Why: The built-in sitemap.ts is a fully functional replacement — it iterates all pages from the docs source and produces a proper MetadataRoute.Sitemap. The crawled-sitemap rewrite can be re-added later if/when the service indexes workflow-sdk.dev.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Ignored	Preview	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
❌ ▲ Vercel Production	922	1	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	910	0	80	990
✅ 📦 Local Production	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	90	0	0	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	71	160	0	231
✅ 📋 Other	252	0	18	270
Total	4233	161	337	4731

❌ Failed Tests

▲ Vercel Production (1 failed)

astro (1 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR | 🔍 observability

🌍 Community Worlds (160 failed)

mongodb-dev (6 failed):

• dev e2e should rebuild on workflow change
• dev e2e should rebuild on step change
• dev e2e should rebuild on imported step dependency change
• dev e2e should rebuild on adding workflow file
• dev e2e should include steps discovered from workflow imports
• dev e2e should copy package step sources discovered via manifest entries

mongodb (71 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• webhook route with invalid token
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• stepDirectCallWorkflow - calling step functions directly outside workflow context
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check endpoint (HTTP) - workflow and step endpoints respond to __health query parameter
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

redis (15 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM

turso (68 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

Details by Category

❌ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ astro	82	1	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	90	0	0

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ mongodb-dev	0	6	0
❌ mongodb	0	71	0
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	15	0
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	68	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	84	0	6

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: failure
• Local Dev: failure
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: success

Check the workflow run for details.

[changeset-bot]

⚠️ No Changeset found

Latest commit: 3d1f26a

Merging this PR will not cause a version bump for any packages. If these changes should not result in a new version, you're good to go. If these changes should result in a version bump, you need to add a changeset.

This PR includes no changesets

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Click here to learn what changesets are, and how to add one.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add a changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.034s (-6.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.970s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (+16.0% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (-14.9% 🟢)	1.010s (-1.0%)	0.948s	10	1.83x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.076s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.024s (+1.4%)	0.948s	10	2.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.205s (-41.2% 🟢)	1.703s (-21.2% 🟢)	1.498s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.221s (-8.8% 🟢)	1.922s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.702s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.239s (-3.7%)	1.880s (-12.7% 🟢)	1.641s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.125s (+2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.129s (+2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.878s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (~)	2.009s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.148s (+0.8%)	2.010s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.802s (-5.4% 🟢)	3.794s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.880s (-17.7% 🟢)	3.573s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.693s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.007s (+7.1% 🔺)	3.104s (-13.5% 🟢)	1.097s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.738s (+0.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.283s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.861s (-1.1%)	11.020s (-3.0%)	0.159s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.893s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.130s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.925s (+2.5%)	11.023s (~)	0.099s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	17.338s (+2.1%)	19.649s (+2.3%)	2.310s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	17.905s (+1.3%)	19.332s (-0.9%)	1.427s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.276s (~)	19.696s (-4.4%)	1.419s	2	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.479s (+1.6%)	15.026s (~)	0.547s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.592s (~)	15.026s (~)	0.434s	4	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.784s (+1.2%)	15.032s (~)	0.249s	4	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	14.981s (+5.2% 🔺)	15.278s (+1.7%)	0.297s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	30.605s (-3.8%)	32.327s (-4.0%)	1.722s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.907s (-3.7%)	33.933s (-3.6%)	2.027s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.651s (+2.6%)	34.544s (~)	0.893s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	14.078s (+1.0%)	14.740s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.663s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.117s (-1.5%)	14.747s (-1.9%)	0.629s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	15.026s (~)	15.526s (+1.1%)	0.500s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	16.596s (+11.3% 🔺)	17.031s (+13.3% 🔺)	0.435s	6	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	52.139s (-3.8%)	53.984s (-4.4%)	1.846s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	53.098s (+1.1%)	55.078s (+1.7%)	1.980s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	58.709s (+4.7%)	60.078s (+4.2%)	1.368s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.268s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.742s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.277s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.733s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.401s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.004s (~)	0.603s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.558s (+6.8% 🔺)	2.005s (~)	0.447s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.529s (-2.6%)	4.098s (-2.8%)	1.570s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.816s (+30.2% 🔺)	4.556s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.739s	7	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.827s (+1.8%)	4.296s (-1.5%)	1.469s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.301s (-1.6%)	3.009s (~)	0.708s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.349s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.660s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.387s (-6.8% 🟢)	3.007s (~)	0.619s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.942s (+3.5%)	3.208s (+3.2%)	0.266s	10	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.502s (~)	3.967s (+4.1%)	1.465s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (-7.3% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.539s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.812s (+23.2% 🔺)	5.031s (+9.0% 🔺)	1.219s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.454s (~)	4.010s (~)	0.557s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.488s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.524s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.583s (-19.6% 🟢)	6.276s (-16.5% 🟢)	0.693s	5	1.62x
💻 Local	Express	8.207s (+15.7% 🔺)	9.023s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.817s	4	2.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.258s (+13.7% 🔺)	4.948s (+12.5% 🔺)	1.690s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.780s (+9.0% 🔺)	5.421s (+5.2% 🔺)	1.641s	6	1.16x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (+1.3%)	5.242s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.235s	6	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.254s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.266s (+0.8%)	2.009s (~)	0.743s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.413s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.591s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.521s (+3.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.484s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.012s (-4.3%)	3.678s (+1.5%)	1.667s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.203s (-0.8%)	3.428s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.225s	9	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.294s (-6.5% 🟢)	3.968s (-2.2%)	1.674s	8	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.339s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.374s (+1.6%)	3.010s (~)	0.637s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.473s (-10.6% 🟢)	3.007s (-3.3%)	0.534s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	3.073s (+13.9% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.2% 🔺)	0.811s	8	1.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.442s (-14.6% 🟢)	4.143s (-4.5%)	1.700s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.426s (+5.6% 🔺)	4.824s (-1.4%)	1.398s	7	1.40x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.721s (+4.6%)	5.262s (-1.8%)	1.541s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.460s (-0.8%)	4.011s (~)	0.550s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.507s (+0.7%)	4.011s (~)	0.504s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.438s (-13.6% 🟢)	7.013s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.575s	5	1.86x
💻 Local	Express	8.756s (+14.5% 🔺)	9.022s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.266s	4	2.53x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.624s (-35.1% 🟢)	4.114s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.490s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.818s (-37.4% 🟢)	4.510s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.692s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.933s (-7.0% 🟢)	5.001s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.068s	6	1.50x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.834s (+2.2%)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.173s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.834s (-1.4%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.172s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.891s (+28.1% 🔺)	1.180s (+17.5% 🔺)	0.289s	51	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	0.981s (+37.8% 🔺)	1.114s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.133s	55	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	9.402s (-2.8%)	11.301s (-1.4%)	1.899s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.013s (+11.0% 🔺)	11.942s (+8.0% 🔺)	1.929s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.045s (-17.6% 🟢)	11.706s (-17.5% 🟢)	1.661s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.003s (+3.8%)	2.508s (+19.4% 🔺)	0.505s	36	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.037s (-2.2%)	2.715s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.677s	34	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.605s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.110s (+3.4%)	0.505s	29	1.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.022s (+33.8% 🔺)	3.649s (+21.3% 🔺)	0.627s	25	1.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.736s (-2.0%)	31.790s (-1.9%)	2.055s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	29.738s (-2.5%)	31.058s (-3.9%)	1.321s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.863s (+5.7% 🔺)	33.890s (+4.5%)	2.027s	3	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	4.096s (-0.6%)	4.892s (~)	0.796s	25	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.194s (+8.2% 🔺)	4.932s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.738s	25	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.516s (+2.2%)	8.014s (~)	0.499s	15	1.83x
💻 Local	Express	9.190s (+25.4% 🔺)	9.941s (+24.0% 🔺)	0.751s	13	2.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	77.650s (-40.7% 🟢)	79.383s (-40.4% 🟢)	1.732s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	82.298s (-30.5% 🟢)	84.696s (-29.7% 🟢)	2.398s	2	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	86.058s (+4.2%)	87.654s (+3.9%)	1.597s	2	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.293s (+2.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.714s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.294s (+3.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.713s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.533s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.020s (+1.6%)	0.488s	59	1.82x
💻 Local	Express	0.575s (-3.9%)	1.004s (-1.6%)	0.429s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s (-11.3% 🟢)	2.869s (-12.4% 🟢)	1.375s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.538s (-12.3% 🟢)	3.277s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.739s	19	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.599s (~)	3.307s (+0.6%)	1.708s	19	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.492s (-2.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.514s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.519s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.488s	90	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.982s (-18.5% 🟢)	2.693s (-10.5% 🟢)	0.711s	34	4.03x
💻 Local	Express	2.515s (+2.1%)	3.009s (~)	0.494s	30	5.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.944s (+8.9% 🔺)	4.623s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.679s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.979s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.674s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.695s	20	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	4.391s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.347s	21	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.787s (-1.9%)	1.008s (~)	0.221s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.844s (+4.0%)	1.037s (+1.9%)	0.192s	116	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.681s (-15.9% 🟢)	9.193s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.512s	14	11.03x
💻 Local	Express	11.143s (+5.3% 🔺)	11.755s (+6.6% 🔺)	0.611s	11	14.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.563s (-5.2% 🟢)	8.727s (-1.0%)	2.163s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.683s (-1.4%)	8.437s (-2.0%)	1.754s	15	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.863s (+236.4% 🔺)	23.216s (+177.0% 🔺)	1.353s	11	3.33x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.173s (+21.7% 🔺)	1.003s (~)	0.008s (-17.0% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.840s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.206s (-3.9%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.805s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.207s (+47.0% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+24.5% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.811s	10	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.211s (-1.9%)	1.000s (~)	0.002s (~)	1.011s (~)	0.800s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.811s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.304s (+15.6% 🔺)	2.148s (+119.8% 🔺)	5.926s (+38.6% 🔺)	4.115s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.892s (+26.9% 🔺)	3.012s (-0.6%)	1.690s (+112.1% 🔺)	5.126s (+20.7% 🔺)	3.234s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.142s (+52.1% 🔺)	3.573s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.703s (+75.2% 🔺)	5.765s (+44.9% 🔺)	3.622s	10	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.632s (+2.2%)	1.005s (~)	0.006s (+39.1% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.392s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.641s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.004s (+1.2%)	1.022s (~)	0.381s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.671s (+16.1% 🔺)	1.028s (+1.6%)	0.008s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.037s (+1.4%)	0.366s	58	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.748s (+12.2% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.009s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.022s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.274s	59	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.108s (-4.0%)	5.834s (~)	0.224s (-36.1% 🟢)	6.455s (-2.4%)	2.346s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.207s (+0.8%)	5.872s (-5.2% 🟢)	0.286s (-33.5% 🟢)	6.587s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.380s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.519s (+7.2% 🔺)	5.490s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.285s (-19.2% 🟢)	6.110s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.591s	10	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.950s (-3.0%)	1.107s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.000s (+27.8% 🔺)	1.119s (-14.5% 🟢)	0.169s	54	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.993s (+1.4%)	1.382s (+15.4% 🔺)	0.000s (+127.3% 🔺)	1.396s (+14.7% 🔺)	0.402s	44	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.072s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.710s (-15.3% 🟢)	0.000s (~)	1.712s (-15.4% 🟢)	0.640s	36	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (+4.2%)	2.021s (~)	0.001s (+88.9% 🔺)	2.023s (~)	0.794s	30	1.29x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.631s (-21.9% 🟢)	3.854s (-14.2% 🟢)	0.000s (-66.7% 🟢)	4.405s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.774s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.772s (-1.5%)	4.215s (~)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	4.636s (~)	1.863s	13	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.190s (-2.8%)	4.089s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.001s (-8.6% 🟢)	4.424s (-11.8% 🟢)	1.235s	14	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.738s (~)	2.102s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.143s (~)	0.404s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.917s (+8.6% 🔺)	2.345s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-44.2% 🟢)	2.359s (+9.8% 🔺)	0.442s	26	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.997s (-20.2% 🟢)	3.473s (-16.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-33.3% 🟢)	3.475s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.477s	18	1.72x
💻 Local	Express	3.536s (+0.8%)	4.035s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	4.038s (~)	0.501s	16	2.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.014s (-5.4% 🟢)	5.229s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.656s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.642s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.221s (+6.2% 🔺)	5.694s (+10.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.117s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.895s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.312s (~)	5.503s (-2.8%)	0.000s (-9.1% 🟢)	5.812s (-4.4%)	1.500s	11	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	21/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	17/21
▲ Vercel	Express	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	▲ Vercel	21/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Description:

Problem:https://workflow-sdk.dev/sitemap.xml returns a 500 error. A beforeFiles rewrite in docs/next.config.ts was proxying /sitemap.xml to https://crawled-sitemap.vercel.sh/useworkflow.dev-.xml, which no longer exists after the domain rename from useworkflow.dev to workflow-sdk.dev (#1759). The crawled-sitemap service returns 500 for the old domain and 404 for the new one.

What changed: Removed the /sitemap.xml rewrite rule from docs/next.config.ts. This allows Next.js to serve the sitemap directly from the existing docs/app/sitemap.ts, which already generates a complete XML sitemap with all pages including cookbook URLs.

Why: The built-in sitemap.ts is a fully functional replacement — it iterates all pages from the docs source and produces a proper MetadataRoute.Sitemap. The crawled-sitemap rewrite can be re-added later if/when the service indexes workflow-sdk.dev.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Ignored	Preview	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
❌ ▲ Vercel Production	922	1	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	910	0	80	990
✅ 📦 Local Production	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	90	0	0	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	71	160	0	231
✅ 📋 Other	252	0	18	270
Total	4233	161	337	4731

❌ Failed Tests

▲ Vercel Production (1 failed)

astro (1 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR | 🔍 observability

🌍 Community Worlds (160 failed)

mongodb-dev (6 failed):

• dev e2e should rebuild on workflow change
• dev e2e should rebuild on step change
• dev e2e should rebuild on imported step dependency change
• dev e2e should rebuild on adding workflow file
• dev e2e should include steps discovered from workflow imports
• dev e2e should copy package step sources discovered via manifest entries

mongodb (71 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• webhook route with invalid token
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• stepDirectCallWorkflow - calling step functions directly outside workflow context
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check endpoint (HTTP) - workflow and step endpoints respond to __health query parameter
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

redis (15 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM

turso (68 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

Details by Category

❌ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ astro	82	1	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	90	0	0

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ mongodb-dev	0	6	0
❌ mongodb	0	71	0
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	15	0
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	68	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	84	0	6

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: failure
• Local Dev: failure
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: success

Check the workflow run for details.

[changeset-bot]

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Latest commit: 3d1f26a

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.034s (-6.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.970s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (+16.0% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (-14.9% 🟢)	1.010s (-1.0%)	0.948s	10	1.83x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.076s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.024s (+1.4%)	0.948s	10	2.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.205s (-41.2% 🟢)	1.703s (-21.2% 🟢)	1.498s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.221s (-8.8% 🟢)	1.922s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.702s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.239s (-3.7%)	1.880s (-12.7% 🟢)	1.641s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.125s (+2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.129s (+2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.878s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (~)	2.009s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.148s (+0.8%)	2.010s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.802s (-5.4% 🟢)	3.794s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.880s (-17.7% 🟢)	3.573s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.693s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.007s (+7.1% 🔺)	3.104s (-13.5% 🟢)	1.097s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.738s (+0.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.283s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.861s (-1.1%)	11.020s (-3.0%)	0.159s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.893s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.130s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.925s (+2.5%)	11.023s (~)	0.099s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	17.338s (+2.1%)	19.649s (+2.3%)	2.310s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	17.905s (+1.3%)	19.332s (-0.9%)	1.427s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.276s (~)	19.696s (-4.4%)	1.419s	2	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.479s (+1.6%)	15.026s (~)	0.547s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.592s (~)	15.026s (~)	0.434s	4	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.784s (+1.2%)	15.032s (~)	0.249s	4	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	14.981s (+5.2% 🔺)	15.278s (+1.7%)	0.297s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	30.605s (-3.8%)	32.327s (-4.0%)	1.722s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.907s (-3.7%)	33.933s (-3.6%)	2.027s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.651s (+2.6%)	34.544s (~)	0.893s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	14.078s (+1.0%)	14.740s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.663s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.117s (-1.5%)	14.747s (-1.9%)	0.629s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	15.026s (~)	15.526s (+1.1%)	0.500s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	16.596s (+11.3% 🔺)	17.031s (+13.3% 🔺)	0.435s	6	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	52.139s (-3.8%)	53.984s (-4.4%)	1.846s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	53.098s (+1.1%)	55.078s (+1.7%)	1.980s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	58.709s (+4.7%)	60.078s (+4.2%)	1.368s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.268s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.742s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.277s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.733s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.401s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.004s (~)	0.603s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.558s (+6.8% 🔺)	2.005s (~)	0.447s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.529s (-2.6%)	4.098s (-2.8%)	1.570s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.816s (+30.2% 🔺)	4.556s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.739s	7	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.827s (+1.8%)	4.296s (-1.5%)	1.469s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.301s (-1.6%)	3.009s (~)	0.708s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.349s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.660s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.387s (-6.8% 🟢)	3.007s (~)	0.619s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.942s (+3.5%)	3.208s (+3.2%)	0.266s	10	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.502s (~)	3.967s (+4.1%)	1.465s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (-7.3% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.539s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.812s (+23.2% 🔺)	5.031s (+9.0% 🔺)	1.219s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.454s (~)	4.010s (~)	0.557s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.488s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.524s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.583s (-19.6% 🟢)	6.276s (-16.5% 🟢)	0.693s	5	1.62x
💻 Local	Express	8.207s (+15.7% 🔺)	9.023s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.817s	4	2.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.258s (+13.7% 🔺)	4.948s (+12.5% 🔺)	1.690s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.780s (+9.0% 🔺)	5.421s (+5.2% 🔺)	1.641s	6	1.16x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (+1.3%)	5.242s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.235s	6	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.254s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.266s (+0.8%)	2.009s (~)	0.743s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.413s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.591s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.521s (+3.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.484s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.012s (-4.3%)	3.678s (+1.5%)	1.667s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.203s (-0.8%)	3.428s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.225s	9	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.294s (-6.5% 🟢)	3.968s (-2.2%)	1.674s	8	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.339s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.374s (+1.6%)	3.010s (~)	0.637s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.473s (-10.6% 🟢)	3.007s (-3.3%)	0.534s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	3.073s (+13.9% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.2% 🔺)	0.811s	8	1.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.442s (-14.6% 🟢)	4.143s (-4.5%)	1.700s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.426s (+5.6% 🔺)	4.824s (-1.4%)	1.398s	7	1.40x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.721s (+4.6%)	5.262s (-1.8%)	1.541s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.460s (-0.8%)	4.011s (~)	0.550s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.507s (+0.7%)	4.011s (~)	0.504s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.438s (-13.6% 🟢)	7.013s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.575s	5	1.86x
💻 Local	Express	8.756s (+14.5% 🔺)	9.022s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.266s	4	2.53x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.624s (-35.1% 🟢)	4.114s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.490s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.818s (-37.4% 🟢)	4.510s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.692s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.933s (-7.0% 🟢)	5.001s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.068s	6	1.50x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.834s (+2.2%)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.173s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.834s (-1.4%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.172s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.891s (+28.1% 🔺)	1.180s (+17.5% 🔺)	0.289s	51	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	0.981s (+37.8% 🔺)	1.114s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.133s	55	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	9.402s (-2.8%)	11.301s (-1.4%)	1.899s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.013s (+11.0% 🔺)	11.942s (+8.0% 🔺)	1.929s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.045s (-17.6% 🟢)	11.706s (-17.5% 🟢)	1.661s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.003s (+3.8%)	2.508s (+19.4% 🔺)	0.505s	36	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.037s (-2.2%)	2.715s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.677s	34	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.605s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.110s (+3.4%)	0.505s	29	1.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.022s (+33.8% 🔺)	3.649s (+21.3% 🔺)	0.627s	25	1.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.736s (-2.0%)	31.790s (-1.9%)	2.055s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	29.738s (-2.5%)	31.058s (-3.9%)	1.321s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.863s (+5.7% 🔺)	33.890s (+4.5%)	2.027s	3	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	4.096s (-0.6%)	4.892s (~)	0.796s	25	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.194s (+8.2% 🔺)	4.932s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.738s	25	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.516s (+2.2%)	8.014s (~)	0.499s	15	1.83x
💻 Local	Express	9.190s (+25.4% 🔺)	9.941s (+24.0% 🔺)	0.751s	13	2.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	77.650s (-40.7% 🟢)	79.383s (-40.4% 🟢)	1.732s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	82.298s (-30.5% 🟢)	84.696s (-29.7% 🟢)	2.398s	2	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	86.058s (+4.2%)	87.654s (+3.9%)	1.597s	2	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.293s (+2.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.714s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.294s (+3.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.713s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.533s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.020s (+1.6%)	0.488s	59	1.82x
💻 Local	Express	0.575s (-3.9%)	1.004s (-1.6%)	0.429s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s (-11.3% 🟢)	2.869s (-12.4% 🟢)	1.375s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.538s (-12.3% 🟢)	3.277s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.739s	19	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.599s (~)	3.307s (+0.6%)	1.708s	19	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.492s (-2.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.514s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.519s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.488s	90	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.982s (-18.5% 🟢)	2.693s (-10.5% 🟢)	0.711s	34	4.03x
💻 Local	Express	2.515s (+2.1%)	3.009s (~)	0.494s	30	5.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.944s (+8.9% 🔺)	4.623s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.679s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.979s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.674s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.695s	20	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	4.391s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.347s	21	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.787s (-1.9%)	1.008s (~)	0.221s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.844s (+4.0%)	1.037s (+1.9%)	0.192s	116	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.681s (-15.9% 🟢)	9.193s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.512s	14	11.03x
💻 Local	Express	11.143s (+5.3% 🔺)	11.755s (+6.6% 🔺)	0.611s	11	14.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.563s (-5.2% 🟢)	8.727s (-1.0%)	2.163s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.683s (-1.4%)	8.437s (-2.0%)	1.754s	15	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.863s (+236.4% 🔺)	23.216s (+177.0% 🔺)	1.353s	11	3.33x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.173s (+21.7% 🔺)	1.003s (~)	0.008s (-17.0% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.840s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.206s (-3.9%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.805s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.207s (+47.0% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+24.5% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.811s	10	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.211s (-1.9%)	1.000s (~)	0.002s (~)	1.011s (~)	0.800s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.811s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.304s (+15.6% 🔺)	2.148s (+119.8% 🔺)	5.926s (+38.6% 🔺)	4.115s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.892s (+26.9% 🔺)	3.012s (-0.6%)	1.690s (+112.1% 🔺)	5.126s (+20.7% 🔺)	3.234s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.142s (+52.1% 🔺)	3.573s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.703s (+75.2% 🔺)	5.765s (+44.9% 🔺)	3.622s	10	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.632s (+2.2%)	1.005s (~)	0.006s (+39.1% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.392s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.641s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.004s (+1.2%)	1.022s (~)	0.381s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.671s (+16.1% 🔺)	1.028s (+1.6%)	0.008s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.037s (+1.4%)	0.366s	58	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.748s (+12.2% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.009s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.022s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.274s	59	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.108s (-4.0%)	5.834s (~)	0.224s (-36.1% 🟢)	6.455s (-2.4%)	2.346s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.207s (+0.8%)	5.872s (-5.2% 🟢)	0.286s (-33.5% 🟢)	6.587s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.380s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.519s (+7.2% 🔺)	5.490s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.285s (-19.2% 🟢)	6.110s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.591s	10	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.950s (-3.0%)	1.107s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.000s (+27.8% 🔺)	1.119s (-14.5% 🟢)	0.169s	54	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.993s (+1.4%)	1.382s (+15.4% 🔺)	0.000s (+127.3% 🔺)	1.396s (+14.7% 🔺)	0.402s	44	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.072s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.710s (-15.3% 🟢)	0.000s (~)	1.712s (-15.4% 🟢)	0.640s	36	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (+4.2%)	2.021s (~)	0.001s (+88.9% 🔺)	2.023s (~)	0.794s	30	1.29x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.631s (-21.9% 🟢)	3.854s (-14.2% 🟢)	0.000s (-66.7% 🟢)	4.405s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.774s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.772s (-1.5%)	4.215s (~)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	4.636s (~)	1.863s	13	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.190s (-2.8%)	4.089s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.001s (-8.6% 🟢)	4.424s (-11.8% 🟢)	1.235s	14	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.738s (~)	2.102s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.143s (~)	0.404s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.917s (+8.6% 🔺)	2.345s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-44.2% 🟢)	2.359s (+9.8% 🔺)	0.442s	26	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.997s (-20.2% 🟢)	3.473s (-16.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-33.3% 🟢)	3.475s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.477s	18	1.72x
💻 Local	Express	3.536s (+0.8%)	4.035s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	4.038s (~)	0.501s	16	2.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.014s (-5.4% 🟢)	5.229s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.656s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.642s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.221s (+6.2% 🔺)	5.694s (+10.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.117s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.895s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.312s (~)	5.503s (-2.8%)	0.000s (-9.1% 🟢)	5.812s (-4.4%)	1.500s	11	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	21/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	17/21
▲ Vercel	Express	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	▲ Vercel	21/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Description:

Problem:https://workflow-sdk.dev/sitemap.xml returns a 500 error. A beforeFiles rewrite in docs/next.config.ts was proxying /sitemap.xml to https://crawled-sitemap.vercel.sh/useworkflow.dev-.xml, which no longer exists after the domain rename from useworkflow.dev to workflow-sdk.dev (#1759). The crawled-sitemap service returns 500 for the old domain and 404 for the new one.

What changed: Removed the /sitemap.xml rewrite rule from docs/next.config.ts. This allows Next.js to serve the sitemap directly from the existing docs/app/sitemap.ts, which already generates a complete XML sitemap with all pages including cookbook URLs.

Why: The built-in sitemap.ts is a fully functional replacement — it iterates all pages from the docs source and produces a proper MetadataRoute.Sitemap. The crawled-sitemap rewrite can be re-added later if/when the service indexes workflow-sdk.dev.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Ignored	Preview	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
❌ ▲ Vercel Production	922	1	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	910	0	80	990
✅ 📦 Local Production	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	90	0	0	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	71	160	0	231
✅ 📋 Other	252	0	18	270
Total	4233	161	337	4731

❌ Failed Tests

▲ Vercel Production (1 failed)

astro (1 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR | 🔍 observability

🌍 Community Worlds (160 failed)

mongodb-dev (6 failed):

• dev e2e should rebuild on workflow change
• dev e2e should rebuild on step change
• dev e2e should rebuild on imported step dependency change
• dev e2e should rebuild on adding workflow file
• dev e2e should include steps discovered from workflow imports
• dev e2e should copy package step sources discovered via manifest entries

mongodb (71 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• webhook route with invalid token
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• stepDirectCallWorkflow - calling step functions directly outside workflow context
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check endpoint (HTTP) - workflow and step endpoints respond to __health query parameter
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

redis (15 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM

turso (68 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

Details by Category

❌ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ astro	82	1	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	90	0	0

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ mongodb-dev	0	6	0
❌ mongodb	0	71	0
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	15	0
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	68	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	84	0	6

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: failure
• Local Dev: failure
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: success

Check the workflow run for details.

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Latest commit: 3d1f26a

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.034s (-6.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.970s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (+16.0% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (-14.9% 🟢)	1.010s (-1.0%)	0.948s	10	1.83x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.076s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.024s (+1.4%)	0.948s	10	2.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.205s (-41.2% 🟢)	1.703s (-21.2% 🟢)	1.498s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.221s (-8.8% 🟢)	1.922s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.702s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.239s (-3.7%)	1.880s (-12.7% 🟢)	1.641s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.125s (+2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.129s (+2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.878s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (~)	2.009s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.148s (+0.8%)	2.010s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.802s (-5.4% 🟢)	3.794s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.880s (-17.7% 🟢)	3.573s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.693s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.007s (+7.1% 🔺)	3.104s (-13.5% 🟢)	1.097s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.738s (+0.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.283s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.861s (-1.1%)	11.020s (-3.0%)	0.159s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.893s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.130s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.925s (+2.5%)	11.023s (~)	0.099s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	17.338s (+2.1%)	19.649s (+2.3%)	2.310s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	17.905s (+1.3%)	19.332s (-0.9%)	1.427s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.276s (~)	19.696s (-4.4%)	1.419s	2	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.479s (+1.6%)	15.026s (~)	0.547s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.592s (~)	15.026s (~)	0.434s	4	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.784s (+1.2%)	15.032s (~)	0.249s	4	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	14.981s (+5.2% 🔺)	15.278s (+1.7%)	0.297s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	30.605s (-3.8%)	32.327s (-4.0%)	1.722s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.907s (-3.7%)	33.933s (-3.6%)	2.027s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.651s (+2.6%)	34.544s (~)	0.893s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	14.078s (+1.0%)	14.740s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.663s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.117s (-1.5%)	14.747s (-1.9%)	0.629s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	15.026s (~)	15.526s (+1.1%)	0.500s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	16.596s (+11.3% 🔺)	17.031s (+13.3% 🔺)	0.435s	6	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	52.139s (-3.8%)	53.984s (-4.4%)	1.846s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	53.098s (+1.1%)	55.078s (+1.7%)	1.980s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	58.709s (+4.7%)	60.078s (+4.2%)	1.368s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.268s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.742s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.277s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.733s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.401s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.004s (~)	0.603s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.558s (+6.8% 🔺)	2.005s (~)	0.447s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.529s (-2.6%)	4.098s (-2.8%)	1.570s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.816s (+30.2% 🔺)	4.556s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.739s	7	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.827s (+1.8%)	4.296s (-1.5%)	1.469s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.301s (-1.6%)	3.009s (~)	0.708s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.349s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.660s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.387s (-6.8% 🟢)	3.007s (~)	0.619s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.942s (+3.5%)	3.208s (+3.2%)	0.266s	10	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.502s (~)	3.967s (+4.1%)	1.465s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (-7.3% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.539s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.812s (+23.2% 🔺)	5.031s (+9.0% 🔺)	1.219s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.454s (~)	4.010s (~)	0.557s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.488s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.524s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.583s (-19.6% 🟢)	6.276s (-16.5% 🟢)	0.693s	5	1.62x
💻 Local	Express	8.207s (+15.7% 🔺)	9.023s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.817s	4	2.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.258s (+13.7% 🔺)	4.948s (+12.5% 🔺)	1.690s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.780s (+9.0% 🔺)	5.421s (+5.2% 🔺)	1.641s	6	1.16x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (+1.3%)	5.242s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.235s	6	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.254s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.266s (+0.8%)	2.009s (~)	0.743s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.413s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.591s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.521s (+3.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.484s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.012s (-4.3%)	3.678s (+1.5%)	1.667s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.203s (-0.8%)	3.428s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.225s	9	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.294s (-6.5% 🟢)	3.968s (-2.2%)	1.674s	8	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.339s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.374s (+1.6%)	3.010s (~)	0.637s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.473s (-10.6% 🟢)	3.007s (-3.3%)	0.534s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	3.073s (+13.9% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.2% 🔺)	0.811s	8	1.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.442s (-14.6% 🟢)	4.143s (-4.5%)	1.700s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.426s (+5.6% 🔺)	4.824s (-1.4%)	1.398s	7	1.40x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.721s (+4.6%)	5.262s (-1.8%)	1.541s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.460s (-0.8%)	4.011s (~)	0.550s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.507s (+0.7%)	4.011s (~)	0.504s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.438s (-13.6% 🟢)	7.013s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.575s	5	1.86x
💻 Local	Express	8.756s (+14.5% 🔺)	9.022s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.266s	4	2.53x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.624s (-35.1% 🟢)	4.114s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.490s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.818s (-37.4% 🟢)	4.510s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.692s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.933s (-7.0% 🟢)	5.001s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.068s	6	1.50x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.834s (+2.2%)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.173s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.834s (-1.4%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.172s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.891s (+28.1% 🔺)	1.180s (+17.5% 🔺)	0.289s	51	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	0.981s (+37.8% 🔺)	1.114s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.133s	55	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	9.402s (-2.8%)	11.301s (-1.4%)	1.899s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.013s (+11.0% 🔺)	11.942s (+8.0% 🔺)	1.929s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.045s (-17.6% 🟢)	11.706s (-17.5% 🟢)	1.661s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.003s (+3.8%)	2.508s (+19.4% 🔺)	0.505s	36	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.037s (-2.2%)	2.715s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.677s	34	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.605s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.110s (+3.4%)	0.505s	29	1.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.022s (+33.8% 🔺)	3.649s (+21.3% 🔺)	0.627s	25	1.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.736s (-2.0%)	31.790s (-1.9%)	2.055s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	29.738s (-2.5%)	31.058s (-3.9%)	1.321s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.863s (+5.7% 🔺)	33.890s (+4.5%)	2.027s	3	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	4.096s (-0.6%)	4.892s (~)	0.796s	25	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.194s (+8.2% 🔺)	4.932s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.738s	25	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.516s (+2.2%)	8.014s (~)	0.499s	15	1.83x
💻 Local	Express	9.190s (+25.4% 🔺)	9.941s (+24.0% 🔺)	0.751s	13	2.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	77.650s (-40.7% 🟢)	79.383s (-40.4% 🟢)	1.732s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	82.298s (-30.5% 🟢)	84.696s (-29.7% 🟢)	2.398s	2	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	86.058s (+4.2%)	87.654s (+3.9%)	1.597s	2	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.293s (+2.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.714s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.294s (+3.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.713s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.533s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.020s (+1.6%)	0.488s	59	1.82x
💻 Local	Express	0.575s (-3.9%)	1.004s (-1.6%)	0.429s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s (-11.3% 🟢)	2.869s (-12.4% 🟢)	1.375s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.538s (-12.3% 🟢)	3.277s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.739s	19	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.599s (~)	3.307s (+0.6%)	1.708s	19	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.492s (-2.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.514s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.519s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.488s	90	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.982s (-18.5% 🟢)	2.693s (-10.5% 🟢)	0.711s	34	4.03x
💻 Local	Express	2.515s (+2.1%)	3.009s (~)	0.494s	30	5.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.944s (+8.9% 🔺)	4.623s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.679s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.979s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.674s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.695s	20	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	4.391s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.347s	21	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.787s (-1.9%)	1.008s (~)	0.221s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.844s (+4.0%)	1.037s (+1.9%)	0.192s	116	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.681s (-15.9% 🟢)	9.193s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.512s	14	11.03x
💻 Local	Express	11.143s (+5.3% 🔺)	11.755s (+6.6% 🔺)	0.611s	11	14.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.563s (-5.2% 🟢)	8.727s (-1.0%)	2.163s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.683s (-1.4%)	8.437s (-2.0%)	1.754s	15	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.863s (+236.4% 🔺)	23.216s (+177.0% 🔺)	1.353s	11	3.33x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.173s (+21.7% 🔺)	1.003s (~)	0.008s (-17.0% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.840s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.206s (-3.9%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.805s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.207s (+47.0% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+24.5% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.811s	10	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.211s (-1.9%)	1.000s (~)	0.002s (~)	1.011s (~)	0.800s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.811s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.304s (+15.6% 🔺)	2.148s (+119.8% 🔺)	5.926s (+38.6% 🔺)	4.115s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.892s (+26.9% 🔺)	3.012s (-0.6%)	1.690s (+112.1% 🔺)	5.126s (+20.7% 🔺)	3.234s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.142s (+52.1% 🔺)	3.573s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.703s (+75.2% 🔺)	5.765s (+44.9% 🔺)	3.622s	10	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.632s (+2.2%)	1.005s (~)	0.006s (+39.1% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.392s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.641s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.004s (+1.2%)	1.022s (~)	0.381s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.671s (+16.1% 🔺)	1.028s (+1.6%)	0.008s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.037s (+1.4%)	0.366s	58	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.748s (+12.2% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.009s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.022s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.274s	59	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.108s (-4.0%)	5.834s (~)	0.224s (-36.1% 🟢)	6.455s (-2.4%)	2.346s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.207s (+0.8%)	5.872s (-5.2% 🟢)	0.286s (-33.5% 🟢)	6.587s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.380s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.519s (+7.2% 🔺)	5.490s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.285s (-19.2% 🟢)	6.110s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.591s	10	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.950s (-3.0%)	1.107s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.000s (+27.8% 🔺)	1.119s (-14.5% 🟢)	0.169s	54	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.993s (+1.4%)	1.382s (+15.4% 🔺)	0.000s (+127.3% 🔺)	1.396s (+14.7% 🔺)	0.402s	44	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.072s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.710s (-15.3% 🟢)	0.000s (~)	1.712s (-15.4% 🟢)	0.640s	36	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (+4.2%)	2.021s (~)	0.001s (+88.9% 🔺)	2.023s (~)	0.794s	30	1.29x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.631s (-21.9% 🟢)	3.854s (-14.2% 🟢)	0.000s (-66.7% 🟢)	4.405s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.774s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.772s (-1.5%)	4.215s (~)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	4.636s (~)	1.863s	13	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.190s (-2.8%)	4.089s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.001s (-8.6% 🟢)	4.424s (-11.8% 🟢)	1.235s	14	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.738s (~)	2.102s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.143s (~)	0.404s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.917s (+8.6% 🔺)	2.345s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-44.2% 🟢)	2.359s (+9.8% 🔺)	0.442s	26	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.997s (-20.2% 🟢)	3.473s (-16.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-33.3% 🟢)	3.475s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.477s	18	1.72x
💻 Local	Express	3.536s (+0.8%)	4.035s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	4.038s (~)	0.501s	16	2.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.014s (-5.4% 🟢)	5.229s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.656s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.642s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.221s (+6.2% 🔺)	5.694s (+10.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.117s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.895s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.312s (~)	5.503s (-2.8%)	0.000s (-9.1% 🟢)	5.812s (-4.4%)	1.500s	11	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	21/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	17/21
▲ Vercel	Express	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	▲ Vercel	21/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Description:

Problem:https://workflow-sdk.dev/sitemap.xml returns a 500 error. A beforeFiles rewrite in docs/next.config.ts was proxying /sitemap.xml to https://crawled-sitemap.vercel.sh/useworkflow.dev-.xml, which no longer exists after the domain rename from useworkflow.dev to workflow-sdk.dev (#1759). The crawled-sitemap service returns 500 for the old domain and 404 for the new one.

What changed: Removed the /sitemap.xml rewrite rule from docs/next.config.ts. This allows Next.js to serve the sitemap directly from the existing docs/app/sitemap.ts, which already generates a complete XML sitemap with all pages including cookbook URLs.

Why: The built-in sitemap.ts is a fully functional replacement — it iterates all pages from the docs source and produces a proper MetadataRoute.Sitemap. The crawled-sitemap rewrite can be re-added later if/when the service indexes workflow-sdk.dev.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Ignored	Preview	Apr 16, 2026 0:50am

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

❌ Some tests failed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
❌ ▲ Vercel Production	922	1	67	990
✅ 💻 Local Development	910	0	80	990
✅ 📦 Local Production	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	994	0	86	1080
✅ 🪟 Windows	90	0	0	90
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds	71	160	0	231
✅ 📋 Other	252	0	18	270
Total	4233	161	337	4731

❌ Failed Tests

▲ Vercel Production (1 failed)

astro (1 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR | 🔍 observability

🌍 Community Worlds (160 failed)

mongodb-dev (6 failed):

• dev e2e should rebuild on workflow change
• dev e2e should rebuild on step change
• dev e2e should rebuild on imported step dependency change
• dev e2e should rebuild on adding workflow file
• dev e2e should include steps discovered from workflow imports
• dev e2e should copy package step sources discovered via manifest entries

mongodb (71 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• webhook route with invalid token
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• stepDirectCallWorkflow - calling step functions directly outside workflow context
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check endpoint (HTTP) - workflow and step endpoints respond to __health query parameter
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

redis (15 failed):

• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM

turso (68 failed):

• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• addTenWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5F8Y8KSN1QDYTSQQ6SM7C
• wellKnownAgentWorkflow (.well-known/agent) | wrun_01KPB5FN7T6MSM7RMNW0QY2PRZ
• should work with react rendering in step
• promiseAllWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FFVZ7GBQ6ZDT9CP8RQ2F
• promiseRaceWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FMDH6Z4RZZS1SRW0QV59
• promiseAnyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FPS48GHB5QWCXN092FM7
• importedStepOnlyWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FYDERZP2GWWHAAR0AZR0
• readableStreamWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5FS4TZF2NJQ1E9PYGP8TR
• hookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5G2YRHFZVBMSNVQN8RMTW
• hookWorkflow is not resumable via public webhook endpoint | wrun_01KPB5GEHBKFV2ECWP2ACYR9KH
• webhookWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GQMQQE6GYCCQ7RKHQ3MN
• sleepingWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5GYB4GA3EAZVHRP4QMCDZ
• parallelSleepWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HA2YX6F2TMYCN07QXRA4
• nullByteWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HDCDJATBVX32GWQHE3BD
• workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5HFJXEJCPS5655B48QHBD
• outputStreamWorkflow no startIndex (reads all chunks)
• outputStreamWorkflow positive startIndex (skips first chunk)
• outputStreamWorkflow negative startIndex (reads from end)
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns correct index after stream completes
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getTailIndex returns -1 before any chunks are written
• outputStreamWorkflow - getTailIndex and getChunks getChunks returns same content as reading the stream
• outputStreamInsideStepWorkflow - getWritable() called inside step functions | wrun_01KPB5KVWH47X4Q7CG3DA4HB6Z
• fetchWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5M9M57430J0PHXGPYGGD8
• promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow | wrun_01KPB5MD20E80MQXPH3YWRQK1W
• error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
• error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
• error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
• error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
• error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
• error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
• error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
• error handling not registered WorkflowNotRegisteredError fails the run when workflow does not exist
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the step but workflow can catch it
• error handling not registered StepNotRegisteredError fails the run when not caught in workflow
• hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion | wrun_01KPB5QZGDEK3FJQMP49REP75G
• concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously | wrun_01KPB5RK5QY8B0NJ377K3P23WF
• hookDisposeTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after explicit disposal while workflow still running | wrun_01KPB5S97DD8P8KTWARK05SV0T
• stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars) | wrun_01KPB5SXGDM68D6P9PATMA9TC0
• stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument | wrun_01KPB5T8EZV4QKRRVS6DRW0MG0
• closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables | wrun_01KPB5TE6RKZ59S9732AGW8KQ1
• spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step | wrun_01KPB5TGD8336Y0DZ9MQRN2MBP
• runClassSerializationWorkflow - Run instances serialize across workflow/step boundaries | wrun_01KPB5TW51855TQ45C7QTJWW10
• health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
• health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
• pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly | wrun_01KPB5VC1YD22EMBRA3X6N5BCC
• Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class | wrun_01KPB5VJ0FC7GVESN8VYYAG0PX
• AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods | wrun_01KPB5VRVYYK44ZT6RZJFESXXV
• ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class | wrun_01KPB5VZW480N7G6JA6GD2J2B8
• thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply() | wrun_01KPB5W6QX8A177PE2XMJFWCBJ
• customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE | wrun_01KPB5WDQKH14R54YKWKTH3SJ6
• instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5WMHCN860HECSN9S9RZ39
• crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context | wrun_01KPB5WZ6FS0PA0414JKV9X5V6
• stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument | wrun_01KPB5X76MKQEKG41ZNTG7HFM1
• cancelRun - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XE1G52W9CPE047C81K2B
• cancelRun via CLI - cancelling a running workflow | wrun_01KPB5XQFMKTN15MTRWNAXWH2R
• pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
• pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
• pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router
• hookWithSleepWorkflow - hook payloads delivered correctly with concurrent sleep | wrun_01KPB5Y3R7JZZFPWJHMPK3FB3F
• sleepInLoopWorkflow - sleep inside loop with steps actually delays each iteration | wrun_01KPB5YRD184Y37WX0YZTVTD4B
• sleepWithSequentialStepsWorkflow - sequential steps work with concurrent sleep (control) | wrun_01KPB5Z5RACQFBW7SPPK3E6ZT3
• importMetaUrlWorkflow - import.meta.url is available in step bundles | wrun_01KPB5ZE3FK8H3J1QAXE19KHM5
• metadataFromHelperWorkflow - getWorkflowMetadata/getStepMetadata work from module-level helper (#1577) | wrun_01KPB5ZN71Y0CD3XC23G8WPFQ0
• resilient start: addTenWorkflow completes when run_created returns 500 | wrun_01KPB5ZQC1RJMG95JYXNXABJJM
• getterStepWorkflow - getter functions with "use step" directive | wrun_01KPB5ZVV9KXJEV2BNV878WAF2

Details by Category

❌ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ astro	82	1	7
✅ example	83	0	7
✅ express	83	0	7
✅ fastify	83	0	7
✅ hono	83	0	7
✅ nextjs-turbopack	88	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	88	0	2
✅ nitro	83	0	7
✅ nuxt	83	0	7
✅ sveltekit	83	0	7
✅ vite	83	0	7

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	84	0	6
✅ express-stable	84	0	6
✅ fastify-stable	84	0	6
✅ hono-stable	84	0	6
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	71	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	90	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	84	0	6
✅ nuxt-stable	84	0	6
✅ sveltekit-stable	84	0	6
✅ vite-stable	84	0	6

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	90	0	0

❌ 🌍 Community Worlds

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
❌ mongodb-dev	0	6	0
❌ mongodb	0	71	0
✅ redis-dev	6	0	0
❌ redis	56	15	0
✅ turso-dev	6	0	0
❌ turso	3	68	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	84	0	6
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	84	0	6

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: failure
• Local Dev: failure
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: success

Check the workflow run for details.

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Latest commit: 3d1f26a

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.034s (-6.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.970s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (+16.0% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.061s (-14.9% 🟢)	1.010s (-1.0%)	0.948s	10	1.83x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.076s (+25.7% 🔺)	1.024s (+1.4%)	0.948s	10	2.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.205s (-41.2% 🟢)	1.703s (-21.2% 🟢)	1.498s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.221s (-8.8% 🟢)	1.922s (-6.0% 🟢)	1.702s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.239s (-3.7%)	1.880s (-12.7% 🟢)	1.641s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.125s (+2.2%)	2.005s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.129s (+2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.878s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (~)	2.009s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.148s (+0.8%)	2.010s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.802s (-5.4% 🟢)	3.794s (+5.3% 🔺)	1.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.880s (-17.7% 🟢)	3.573s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.693s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.007s (+7.1% 🔺)	3.104s (-13.5% 🟢)	1.097s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.738s (+0.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.283s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.861s (-1.1%)	11.020s (-3.0%)	0.159s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.893s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.130s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	10.925s (+2.5%)	11.023s (~)	0.099s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	17.338s (+2.1%)	19.649s (+2.3%)	2.310s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	17.905s (+1.3%)	19.332s (-0.9%)	1.427s	2	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.276s (~)	19.696s (-4.4%)	1.419s	2	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	14.479s (+1.6%)	15.026s (~)	0.547s	4	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	14.592s (~)	15.026s (~)	0.434s	4	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.784s (+1.2%)	15.032s (~)	0.249s	4	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	14.981s (+5.2% 🔺)	15.278s (+1.7%)	0.297s	4	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	30.605s (-3.8%)	32.327s (-4.0%)	1.722s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.907s (-3.7%)	33.933s (-3.6%)	2.027s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.651s (+2.6%)	34.544s (~)	0.893s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	14.078s (+1.0%)	14.740s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.663s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	14.117s (-1.5%)	14.747s (-1.9%)	0.629s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	15.026s (~)	15.526s (+1.1%)	0.500s	6	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	16.596s (+11.3% 🔺)	17.031s (+13.3% 🔺)	0.435s	6	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	52.139s (-3.8%)	53.984s (-4.4%)	1.846s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	53.098s (+1.1%)	55.078s (+1.7%)	1.980s	2	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	58.709s (+4.7%)	60.078s (+4.2%)	1.368s	2	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.268s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.742s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.277s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.733s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.401s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.004s (~)	0.603s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.558s (+6.8% 🔺)	2.005s (~)	0.447s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.529s (-2.6%)	4.098s (-2.8%)	1.570s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.816s (+30.2% 🔺)	4.556s (+22.7% 🔺)	1.739s	7	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.827s (+1.8%)	4.296s (-1.5%)	1.469s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.301s (-1.6%)	3.009s (~)	0.708s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.349s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.660s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.387s (-6.8% 🟢)	3.007s (~)	0.619s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.942s (+3.5%)	3.208s (+3.2%)	0.266s	10	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.502s (~)	3.967s (+4.1%)	1.465s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.647s (-7.3% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.539s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.812s (+23.2% 🔺)	5.031s (+9.0% 🔺)	1.219s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.454s (~)	4.010s (~)	0.557s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.488s (~)	4.012s (~)	0.524s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.583s (-19.6% 🟢)	6.276s (-16.5% 🟢)	0.693s	5	1.62x
💻 Local	Express	8.207s (+15.7% 🔺)	9.023s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.817s	4	2.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.258s (+13.7% 🔺)	4.948s (+12.5% 🔺)	1.690s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.780s (+9.0% 🔺)	5.421s (+5.2% 🔺)	1.641s	6	1.16x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.008s (+1.3%)	5.242s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.235s	6	1.23x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.254s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.754s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.266s (+0.8%)	2.009s (~)	0.743s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.413s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.591s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.521s (+3.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.484s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.012s (-4.3%)	3.678s (+1.5%)	1.667s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.203s (-0.8%)	3.428s (-10.2% 🟢)	1.225s	9	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.294s (-6.5% 🟢)	3.968s (-2.2%)	1.674s	8	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.339s (~)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.374s (+1.6%)	3.010s (~)	0.637s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.473s (-10.6% 🟢)	3.007s (-3.3%)	0.534s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	3.073s (+13.9% 🔺)	3.884s (+29.2% 🔺)	0.811s	8	1.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.442s (-14.6% 🟢)	4.143s (-4.5%)	1.700s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.426s (+5.6% 🔺)	4.824s (-1.4%)	1.398s	7	1.40x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.721s (+4.6%)	5.262s (-1.8%)	1.541s	6	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	3.460s (-0.8%)	4.011s (~)	0.550s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	3.507s (+0.7%)	4.011s (~)	0.504s	8	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.438s (-13.6% 🟢)	7.013s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.575s	5	1.86x
💻 Local	Express	8.756s (+14.5% 🔺)	9.022s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.266s	4	2.53x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.624s (-35.1% 🟢)	4.114s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.490s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.818s (-37.4% 🟢)	4.510s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.692s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.933s (-7.0% 🟢)	5.001s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.068s	6	1.50x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.834s (+2.2%)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.173s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.834s (-1.4%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.172s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.891s (+28.1% 🔺)	1.180s (+17.5% 🔺)	0.289s	51	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	0.981s (+37.8% 🔺)	1.114s (+9.1% 🔺)	0.133s	55	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	9.402s (-2.8%)	11.301s (-1.4%)	1.899s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.013s (+11.0% 🔺)	11.942s (+8.0% 🔺)	1.929s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.045s (-17.6% 🟢)	11.706s (-17.5% 🟢)	1.661s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.003s (+3.8%)	2.508s (+19.4% 🔺)	0.505s	36	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.037s (-2.2%)	2.715s (-7.8% 🟢)	0.677s	34	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.605s (+15.3% 🔺)	3.110s (+3.4%)	0.505s	29	1.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.022s (+33.8% 🔺)	3.649s (+21.3% 🔺)	0.627s	25	1.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.736s (-2.0%)	31.790s (-1.9%)	2.055s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	29.738s (-2.5%)	31.058s (-3.9%)	1.321s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.863s (+5.7% 🔺)	33.890s (+4.5%)	2.027s	3	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	4.096s (-0.6%)	4.892s (~)	0.796s	25	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	4.194s (+8.2% 🔺)	4.932s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.738s	25	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	7.516s (+2.2%)	8.014s (~)	0.499s	15	1.83x
💻 Local	Express	9.190s (+25.4% 🔺)	9.941s (+24.0% 🔺)	0.751s	13	2.24x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	77.650s (-40.7% 🟢)	79.383s (-40.4% 🟢)	1.732s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	82.298s (-30.5% 🟢)	84.696s (-29.7% 🟢)	2.398s	2	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	86.058s (+4.2%)	87.654s (+3.9%)	1.597s	2	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.293s (+2.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.714s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.294s (+3.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.713s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.533s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.020s (+1.6%)	0.488s	59	1.82x
💻 Local	Express	0.575s (-3.9%)	1.004s (-1.6%)	0.429s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s (-11.3% 🟢)	2.869s (-12.4% 🟢)	1.375s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.538s (-12.3% 🟢)	3.277s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.739s	19	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.599s (~)	3.307s (+0.6%)	1.708s	19	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.492s (-2.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.514s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.519s (+5.0%)	1.007s (~)	0.488s	90	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.982s (-18.5% 🟢)	2.693s (-10.5% 🟢)	0.711s	34	4.03x
💻 Local	Express	2.515s (+2.1%)	3.009s (~)	0.494s	30	5.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.944s (+8.9% 🔺)	4.623s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.679s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.979s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.674s (+5.1% 🔺)	1.695s	20	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	4.391s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.347s	21	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.787s (-1.9%)	1.008s (~)	0.221s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.844s (+4.0%)	1.037s (+1.9%)	0.192s	116	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	8.681s (-15.9% 🟢)	9.193s (-15.9% 🟢)	0.512s	14	11.03x
💻 Local	Express	11.143s (+5.3% 🔺)	11.755s (+6.6% 🔺)	0.611s	11	14.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.563s (-5.2% 🟢)	8.727s (-1.0%)	2.163s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.683s (-1.4%)	8.437s (-2.0%)	1.754s	15	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.863s (+236.4% 🔺)	23.216s (+177.0% 🔺)	1.353s	11	3.33x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.173s (+21.7% 🔺)	1.003s (~)	0.008s (-17.0% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.840s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.206s (-3.9%)	0.994s (~)	0.001s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.805s	10	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	0.207s (+47.0% 🔺)	1.004s (~)	0.012s (+24.5% 🔺)	1.018s (~)	0.811s	10	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.211s (-1.9%)	1.000s (~)	0.002s (~)	1.011s (~)	0.800s	10	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.811s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.304s (+15.6% 🔺)	2.148s (+119.8% 🔺)	5.926s (+38.6% 🔺)	4.115s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.892s (+26.9% 🔺)	3.012s (-0.6%)	1.690s (+112.1% 🔺)	5.126s (+20.7% 🔺)	3.234s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.142s (+52.1% 🔺)	3.573s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.703s (+75.2% 🔺)	5.765s (+44.9% 🔺)	3.622s	10	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.632s (+2.2%)	1.005s (~)	0.006s (+39.1% 🔺)	1.024s (~)	0.392s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.641s (~)	1.005s (~)	0.004s (+1.2%)	1.022s (~)	0.381s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.671s (+16.1% 🔺)	1.028s (+1.6%)	0.008s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.037s (+1.4%)	0.366s	58	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.748s (+12.2% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.009s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.022s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.274s	59	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.108s (-4.0%)	5.834s (~)	0.224s (-36.1% 🟢)	6.455s (-2.4%)	2.346s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.207s (+0.8%)	5.872s (-5.2% 🟢)	0.286s (-33.5% 🟢)	6.587s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.380s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.519s (+7.2% 🔺)	5.490s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.285s (-19.2% 🟢)	6.110s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.591s	10	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.950s (-3.0%)	1.107s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.000s (+27.8% 🔺)	1.119s (-14.5% 🟢)	0.169s	54	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.993s (+1.4%)	1.382s (+15.4% 🔺)	0.000s (+127.3% 🔺)	1.396s (+14.7% 🔺)	0.402s	44	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.072s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.710s (-15.3% 🟢)	0.000s (~)	1.712s (-15.4% 🟢)	0.640s	36	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (+4.2%)	2.021s (~)	0.001s (+88.9% 🔺)	2.023s (~)	0.794s	30	1.29x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.631s (-21.9% 🟢)	3.854s (-14.2% 🟢)	0.000s (-66.7% 🟢)	4.405s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.774s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.772s (-1.5%)	4.215s (~)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	4.636s (~)	1.863s	13	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.190s (-2.8%)	4.089s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.001s (-8.6% 🟢)	4.424s (-11.8% 🟢)	1.235s	14	1.21x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.738s (~)	2.102s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.143s (~)	0.404s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.917s (+8.6% 🔺)	2.345s (+9.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-44.2% 🟢)	2.359s (+9.8% 🔺)	0.442s	26	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.997s (-20.2% 🟢)	3.473s (-16.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-33.3% 🟢)	3.475s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.477s	18	1.72x
💻 Local	Express	3.536s (+0.8%)	4.035s (~)	0.000s (+50.0% 🔺)	4.038s (~)	0.501s	16	2.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.014s (-5.4% 🟢)	5.229s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.656s (-6.3% 🟢)	1.642s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.221s (+6.2% 🔺)	5.694s (+10.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.117s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.895s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.312s (~)	5.503s (-2.8%)	0.000s (-9.1% 🟢)	5.812s (-4.4%)	1.500s	11	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	21/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	17/21
▲ Vercel	Express	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	▲ Vercel	21/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

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