build: use inline sourcemaps across all workspace packages

[TooTallNate]

Summary

Generalizes the inlineSourceMap: true tsconfig override that #352 previously applied only to @workflow/core (and later workflow) to the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json. All workspace packages that extend the base config now produce inline sourcemaps instead of external .js.map files.

Note

While investigating a flaky Windows E2E test I originally suspected this sourcemap read error:

ERROR failed to read input source map: failed to find input source map file \"index.js.map\" in
\"packages/serde/dist/index.js\" file as either \"packages/serde/dist\\\\index.js.map\" or with appended .map

…was the root cause. It's not — that message is a non-fatal Turbopack warning. The Windows CI flake is caused by something else (see the linked issue for follow-up investigation). Landing this PR still cleans up the warning noise and removes two one-off per-package overrides, but it will not stabilize the Windows E2E job on its own.

Why still land this

• Silences a noisy Turbopack warning that appears on every Windows run.
• Consolidates the sourcemap config in one place instead of duplicating it in @workflow/core and workflow.
• Published packages no longer ship external .js.map files (source is still embedded inline via inlineSources: true, so debugging experience is unchanged).
• .d.ts.map files are still produced (they aren't read by Turbopack's SWC sourcemap reader, only by IDEs for Go-to-Definition).

Testing

• Rebuilt @workflow/serde, @workflow/core, and workflow locally — .js.map files are no longer emitted; sourcemaps are embedded as sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,....
• pnpm typecheck and pnpm test pass for the affected packages.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 4c4d26e

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 25 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/ai	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/errors	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/serde	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/typescript-plugin	Patch
@workflow/utils	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.030s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.049s	1.006s	0.957s	10	1.62x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.051s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.012s (-3.0%)	0.961s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.052s	1.010s	0.958s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.054s (-7.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.958s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.247s (+4.9%)	2.217s (+3.8%)	1.970s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.265s (-35.3% 🟢)	2.313s (-7.8% 🟢)	2.048s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.284s (+12.8% 🔺)	1.990s (-14.7% 🟢)	1.706s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.069s (-5.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.083s (-5.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.927s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.083s (-5.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.925s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s	2.009s	0.906s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.106s	2.006s	0.900s	10	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.549s (-23.9% 🟢)	3.140s (-18.0% 🟢)	1.590s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.596s (-14.9% 🟢)	3.467s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.871s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.611s (-58.6% 🟢)	3.656s (-38.1% 🟢)	2.044s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.407s (-4.3%)	11.019s (~)	0.612s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.415s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.607s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.438s (-4.4%)	11.023s (~)	0.585s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.446s (-4.7%)	11.016s (~)	0.571s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.569s	11.018s	0.449s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.691s	11.022s	0.331s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.208s (-44.3% 🟢)	15.097s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.889s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.249s (-22.0% 🟢)	14.898s (-25.6% 🟢)	1.649s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.559s (-21.7% 🟢)	15.169s (-21.8% 🟢)	1.609s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	13.436s (-7.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.580s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.444s (-10.2% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.583s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.452s (-7.8% 🟢)	14.022s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.570s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.478s (-10.5% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.548s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.819s	14.020s	0.201s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.160s	15.032s	0.872s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	21.102s (-67.3% 🟢)	23.924s (-64.1% 🟢)	2.822s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.278s (-59.5% 🟢)	23.443s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.165s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.349s (-57.6% 🟢)	22.823s (-56.6% 🟢)	1.474s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	11.825s (-15.3% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.190s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	11.877s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.144s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.880s (-28.4% 🟢)	12.023s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.142s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.086s (-13.7% 🟢)	13.021s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.934s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.541s	13.018s	0.478s	7	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.052s	14.026s	0.974s	7	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.296s (-93.5% 🟢)	29.409s (-93.1% 🟢)	2.113s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.328s (-77.5% 🟢)	29.226s (-76.4% 🟢)	1.898s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.011s (-92.4% 🟢)	31.981s (-91.9% 🟢)	1.970s	3	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.146s (-10.1% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.861s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.169s (-28.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.837s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (-21.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.834s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.183s	2.007s	0.825s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.247s (-1.0%)	2.073s (+3.2%)	0.826s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.272s	2.007s	0.735s	15	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.421s (-15.3% 🟢)	3.781s (-18.2% 🟢)	1.360s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.450s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.381s (+1.4%)	1.931s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.453s (-27.8% 🟢)	3.971s (-19.5% 🟢)	1.518s	8	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.197s (-49.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.810s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.232s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.774s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s	2.007s	0.728s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.682s (-43.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.323s	15	1.41x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.741s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.005s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.264s	15	1.46x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.004s	2.469s	0.465s	13	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.207s (-20.9% 🟢)	4.838s (-18.3% 🟢)	1.631s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.225s (-10.9% 🟢)	4.809s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.584s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.221s (-40.6% 🟢)	5.799s (-34.9% 🟢)	1.578s	6	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.296s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.340s (-61.6% 🟢)	2.006s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.667s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.510s	2.008s	0.499s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.619s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.177s (-42.6% 🟢)	0.559s	6	3.56x
💻 Local	Express	4.766s (-42.8% 🟢)	5.347s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.580s	6	3.68x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.782s	6.213s	0.431s	5	4.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.842s (+65.7% 🔺)	7.742s (+39.9% 🔺)	1.900s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.398s (+50.9% 🔺)	8.120s (+32.5% 🔺)	1.722s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.265s (-18.5% 🟢)	8.764s (-20.0% 🟢)	1.499s	4	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.150s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.858s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (-8.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.852s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.169s	2.009s	0.840s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.301s	2.006s	0.705s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.391s (-25.4% 🟢)	2.005s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.614s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.411s (-25.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.595s	15	1.23x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.355s (-8.8% 🟢)	3.686s (-15.3% 🟢)	1.331s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.399s (-2.4%)	4.010s (-3.8%)	1.611s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.761s (-5.8% 🟢)	3.767s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.007s	8	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.195s (-48.9% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.813s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.214s (-48.2% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.794s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s	2.008s	0.717s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.916s (-38.8% 🟢)	2.317s (-38.4% 🟢)	0.401s	13	1.60x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.016s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.493s	12	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.199s	3.008s	0.809s	10	1.84x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.138s (-1.7%)	4.559s (-4.9%)	1.421s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.442s (+6.5% 🔺)	5.120s (+0.8%)	1.678s	7	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.489s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.828s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.340s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.308s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.698s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.329s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.678s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.503s	2.008s	0.505s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	5.510s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.847s (-36.9% 🟢)	0.337s	6	4.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.682s (-37.9% 🟢)	6.413s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.731s	5	4.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.613s	0.554s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.748s (-26.0% 🟢)	6.665s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.917s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.866s (-4.5%)	6.845s (~)	1.980s	5	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.025s (-25.6% 🟢)	6.762s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.737s	5	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.425s (-49.4% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.582s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.477s (-41.8% 🟢)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.546s	59	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.480s (-51.1% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.524s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.510s (-48.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.495s	60	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.006s	0.483s	60	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.740s	1.005s	0.264s	60	1.74x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.483s (-79.7% 🟢)	6.553s (-72.7% 🟢)	2.070s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.675s (-75.4% 🟢)	6.097s (-71.4% 🟢)	1.422s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.065s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.310s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.245s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.014s (-48.7% 🟢)	1.482s (-34.4% 🟢)	0.468s	61	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.062s (-44.9% 🟢)	1.575s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.513s	58	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (-59.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.777s	45	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s	2.007s	0.755s	45	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.287s (-57.6% 🟢)	2.123s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.835s	43	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.787s	2.028s	0.241s	45	1.76x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.353s (-67.1% 🟢)	13.355s (-63.7% 🟢)	2.002s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11.615s (-70.6% 🟢)	13.753s (-66.7% 🟢)	2.139s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.225s (-75.5% 🟢)	14.443s (-72.1% 🟢)	2.218s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.984s (-51.7% 🟢)	2.315s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.331s	52	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.019s (-49.4% 🟢)	2.457s (-43.8% 🟢)	0.438s	49	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.454s	3.008s	0.555s	40	1.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.669s (-71.3% 🟢)	3.008s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.339s	40	1.35x
💻 Local	Express	2.726s (-70.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.281s	40	1.37x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.842s	4.041s	0.200s	30	1.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	25.412s (-80.5% 🟢)	27.829s (-78.9% 🟢)	2.417s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	25.444s (-73.7% 🟢)	27.831s (-71.7% 🟢)	2.388s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.684s (-73.2% 🟢)	30.374s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.690s	4	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.174s (-38.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.832s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.827s	60	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.213s	1.006s	0.793s	60	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.394s (-34.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.610s	60	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.429s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.576s	60	2.47x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.533s	1.005s	0.472s	60	3.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.103s (+7.6% 🔺)	3.688s (+1.4%)	1.584s	17	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.296s (+38.2% 🔺)	4.047s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.751s	15	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.352s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.615s (-4.7%)	1.264s	17	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.284s (-42.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.721s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.300s (-41.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.706s	90	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.374s	1.006s	0.632s	90	1.32x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.145s (-15.5% 🟢)	2.686s (-10.7% 🟢)	0.541s	34	7.55x
💻 Local	Express	2.158s (-14.1% 🟢)	2.736s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.578s	33	7.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.349s	3.043s	0.694s	30	8.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.246s (+72.2% 🔺)	6.731s (+40.0% 🔺)	1.485s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.301s (+64.3% 🔺)	7.391s (+53.3% 🔺)	2.090s	13	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.732s (+62.1% 🔺)	7.160s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.429s	13	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.593s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.412s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.617s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.389s	120	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.761s	1.006s	0.245s	120	1.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.995s (-10.7% 🟢)	10.527s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.532s	12	16.86x
💻 Local	Express	10.206s (-8.8% 🟢)	10.527s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.321s	12	17.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.844s	11.391s	0.547s	11	18.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.164s (+27.5% 🔺)	14.929s (+21.5% 🔺)	1.765s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.073s (+130.1% 🔺)	18.643s (+101.7% 🔺)	1.571s	7	1.30x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	19.534s (+152.9% 🔺)	21.803s (+131.9% 🔺)	2.269s	6	1.48x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.129s (+450.7% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-40.0% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.132s (+429.8% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-1.6%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.887s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.135s (+470.0% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.883s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (+463.7% 🔺)	1.995s (+99.7% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.838s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.184s	2.004s	0.013s	2.020s	0.836s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.336s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.572s (+63.6% 🔺)	5.309s (-5.0% 🟢)	3.180s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.146s (-68.7% 🟢)	3.081s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.001s (+216.7% 🔺)	5.470s (-44.1% 🟢)	3.324s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.358s (-38.5% 🟢)	3.359s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.737s (+134.1% 🔺)	5.750s (-11.3% 🟢)	3.392s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.497s (+139.8% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-1.7%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.529s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.523s (+141.8% 🔺)	2.000s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.004s (+3.6%)	2.025s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.501s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.525s (+101.4% 🔺)	2.011s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.010s (+4.8%)	2.023s (+94.6% 🔺)	0.498s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.626s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.399s	30	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.693s	2.012s	0.010s	2.025s	0.332s	30	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.711s (+104.0% 🔺)	2.013s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.010s (+2.1%)	2.204s (+97.5% 🔺)	0.492s	28	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.636s (-13.4% 🟢)	6.746s (-15.8% 🟢)	0.286s (-29.9% 🟢)	7.415s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.779s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.755s (-80.5% 🟢)	7.419s (-75.9% 🟢)	0.168s (+49.9% 🔺)	8.047s (-74.7% 🟢)	2.292s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.881s (-65.2% 🟢)	6.878s (-62.3% 🟢)	0.202s (-4.2%)	7.429s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.548s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.653s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.035s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.659s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.060s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.401s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.712s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.330s	58	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.344s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.672s	30	2.06x
💻 Local	Express	1.398s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.017s (~)	0.619s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.459s	2.014s	0.000s	2.017s	0.557s	30	2.24x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.567s (+16.9% 🔺)	5.220s (+18.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+18.2% 🔺)	5.678s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.111s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.578s (-64.9% 🟢)	4.771s (-58.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	5.116s (-57.5% 🟢)	1.537s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.582s (-4.2%)	4.695s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-54.2% 🟢)	5.134s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.552s	12	1.00x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.286s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.994s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.047s (-5.9% 🟢)	0.760s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.287s (-27.3% 🟢)	1.994s (-8.5% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.008s (-8.7% 🟢)	0.720s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s	2.072s	0.000s	2.104s	0.611s	29	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.971s	3.471s	0.000s	3.479s	0.509s	18	2.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.082s (-9.0% 🟢)	3.777s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.001s (-6.2% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.700s	16	2.40x
💻 Local	Express	3.087s (-11.0% 🟢)	3.903s (-3.2%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.905s (-3.3%)	0.818s	16	2.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.848s (+4.1%)	7.199s (+3.1%)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	7.568s (~)	1.721s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.059s (+48.0% 🔺)	7.997s (+48.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.468s (+46.2% 🔺)	2.409s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.152s (+34.1% 🔺)	7.321s (+21.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.717s (+19.5% 🔺)	1.564s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	11/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	18/21
▲ Vercel	Express	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	20/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	19/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

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⚠️Community world benchmarks failed (non-blocking):

• Community Worlds: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

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[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR stabilizes Windows Turbopack/SWC behavior in the monorepo by switching TypeScript sourcemap emission to inline sourcemaps across all workspace packages, avoiding external .js.map files that Turbopack mis-resolves on Windows and can crash the SWC worker.

Changes:

• Update the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json to emit inline sourcemaps (inlineSourceMap: true) and stop emitting external .js.map files (sourceMap: false).
• Remove now-redundant per-package sourcemap overrides from @workflow/core and workflow tsconfigs.
• Add a changeset describing the cross-workspace packaging/output change.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 4 out of 4 changed files in this pull request and generated 1 comment.

File	Description
packages/tsconfig/base.json	Centralizes inline sourcemap settings for all TS packages extending the base config.
packages/core/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
packages/workflow/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
.changeset/windows-inline-sourcemaps.md	Publishes patch bumps for many packages and documents the Windows Turbopack/SWC workaround.

---

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[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2103. (backport job run)

[TooTallNate]

Summary

Generalizes the inlineSourceMap: true tsconfig override that #352 previously applied only to @workflow/core (and later workflow) to the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json. All workspace packages that extend the base config now produce inline sourcemaps instead of external .js.map files.

Note

While investigating a flaky Windows E2E test I originally suspected this sourcemap read error:

ERROR failed to read input source map: failed to find input source map file \"index.js.map\" in
\"packages/serde/dist/index.js\" file as either \"packages/serde/dist\\\\index.js.map\" or with appended .map

…was the root cause. It's not — that message is a non-fatal Turbopack warning. The Windows CI flake is caused by something else (see the linked issue for follow-up investigation). Landing this PR still cleans up the warning noise and removes two one-off per-package overrides, but it will not stabilize the Windows E2E job on its own.

Why still land this

• Silences a noisy Turbopack warning that appears on every Windows run.
• Consolidates the sourcemap config in one place instead of duplicating it in @workflow/core and workflow.
• Published packages no longer ship external .js.map files (source is still embedded inline via inlineSources: true, so debugging experience is unchanged).
• .d.ts.map files are still produced (they aren't read by Turbopack's SWC sourcemap reader, only by IDEs for Go-to-Definition).

Testing

• Rebuilt @workflow/serde, @workflow/core, and workflow locally — .js.map files are no longer emitted; sourcemaps are embedded as sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,....
• pnpm typecheck and pnpm test pass for the affected packages.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 4c4d26e

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 25 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/ai	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/errors	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/serde	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/typescript-plugin	Patch
@workflow/utils	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.030s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.049s	1.006s	0.957s	10	1.62x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.051s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.012s (-3.0%)	0.961s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.052s	1.010s	0.958s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.054s (-7.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.958s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.247s (+4.9%)	2.217s (+3.8%)	1.970s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.265s (-35.3% 🟢)	2.313s (-7.8% 🟢)	2.048s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.284s (+12.8% 🔺)	1.990s (-14.7% 🟢)	1.706s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.069s (-5.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.083s (-5.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.927s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.083s (-5.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.925s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s	2.009s	0.906s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.106s	2.006s	0.900s	10	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.549s (-23.9% 🟢)	3.140s (-18.0% 🟢)	1.590s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.596s (-14.9% 🟢)	3.467s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.871s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.611s (-58.6% 🟢)	3.656s (-38.1% 🟢)	2.044s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.407s (-4.3%)	11.019s (~)	0.612s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.415s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.607s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.438s (-4.4%)	11.023s (~)	0.585s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.446s (-4.7%)	11.016s (~)	0.571s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.569s	11.018s	0.449s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.691s	11.022s	0.331s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.208s (-44.3% 🟢)	15.097s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.889s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.249s (-22.0% 🟢)	14.898s (-25.6% 🟢)	1.649s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.559s (-21.7% 🟢)	15.169s (-21.8% 🟢)	1.609s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	13.436s (-7.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.580s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.444s (-10.2% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.583s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.452s (-7.8% 🟢)	14.022s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.570s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.478s (-10.5% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.548s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.819s	14.020s	0.201s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.160s	15.032s	0.872s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	21.102s (-67.3% 🟢)	23.924s (-64.1% 🟢)	2.822s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.278s (-59.5% 🟢)	23.443s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.165s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.349s (-57.6% 🟢)	22.823s (-56.6% 🟢)	1.474s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	11.825s (-15.3% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.190s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	11.877s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.144s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.880s (-28.4% 🟢)	12.023s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.142s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.086s (-13.7% 🟢)	13.021s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.934s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.541s	13.018s	0.478s	7	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.052s	14.026s	0.974s	7	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.296s (-93.5% 🟢)	29.409s (-93.1% 🟢)	2.113s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.328s (-77.5% 🟢)	29.226s (-76.4% 🟢)	1.898s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.011s (-92.4% 🟢)	31.981s (-91.9% 🟢)	1.970s	3	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.146s (-10.1% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.861s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.169s (-28.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.837s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (-21.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.834s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.183s	2.007s	0.825s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.247s (-1.0%)	2.073s (+3.2%)	0.826s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.272s	2.007s	0.735s	15	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.421s (-15.3% 🟢)	3.781s (-18.2% 🟢)	1.360s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.450s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.381s (+1.4%)	1.931s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.453s (-27.8% 🟢)	3.971s (-19.5% 🟢)	1.518s	8	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.197s (-49.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.810s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.232s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.774s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s	2.007s	0.728s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.682s (-43.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.323s	15	1.41x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.741s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.005s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.264s	15	1.46x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.004s	2.469s	0.465s	13	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.207s (-20.9% 🟢)	4.838s (-18.3% 🟢)	1.631s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.225s (-10.9% 🟢)	4.809s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.584s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.221s (-40.6% 🟢)	5.799s (-34.9% 🟢)	1.578s	6	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.296s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.340s (-61.6% 🟢)	2.006s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.667s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.510s	2.008s	0.499s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.619s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.177s (-42.6% 🟢)	0.559s	6	3.56x
💻 Local	Express	4.766s (-42.8% 🟢)	5.347s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.580s	6	3.68x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.782s	6.213s	0.431s	5	4.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.842s (+65.7% 🔺)	7.742s (+39.9% 🔺)	1.900s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.398s (+50.9% 🔺)	8.120s (+32.5% 🔺)	1.722s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.265s (-18.5% 🟢)	8.764s (-20.0% 🟢)	1.499s	4	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.150s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.858s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (-8.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.852s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.169s	2.009s	0.840s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.301s	2.006s	0.705s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.391s (-25.4% 🟢)	2.005s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.614s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.411s (-25.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.595s	15	1.23x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.355s (-8.8% 🟢)	3.686s (-15.3% 🟢)	1.331s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.399s (-2.4%)	4.010s (-3.8%)	1.611s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.761s (-5.8% 🟢)	3.767s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.007s	8	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.195s (-48.9% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.813s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.214s (-48.2% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.794s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s	2.008s	0.717s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.916s (-38.8% 🟢)	2.317s (-38.4% 🟢)	0.401s	13	1.60x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.016s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.493s	12	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.199s	3.008s	0.809s	10	1.84x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.138s (-1.7%)	4.559s (-4.9%)	1.421s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.442s (+6.5% 🔺)	5.120s (+0.8%)	1.678s	7	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.489s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.828s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.340s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.308s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.698s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.329s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.678s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.503s	2.008s	0.505s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	5.510s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.847s (-36.9% 🟢)	0.337s	6	4.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.682s (-37.9% 🟢)	6.413s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.731s	5	4.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.613s	0.554s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.748s (-26.0% 🟢)	6.665s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.917s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.866s (-4.5%)	6.845s (~)	1.980s	5	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.025s (-25.6% 🟢)	6.762s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.737s	5	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.425s (-49.4% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.582s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.477s (-41.8% 🟢)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.546s	59	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.480s (-51.1% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.524s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.510s (-48.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.495s	60	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.006s	0.483s	60	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.740s	1.005s	0.264s	60	1.74x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.483s (-79.7% 🟢)	6.553s (-72.7% 🟢)	2.070s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.675s (-75.4% 🟢)	6.097s (-71.4% 🟢)	1.422s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.065s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.310s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.245s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.014s (-48.7% 🟢)	1.482s (-34.4% 🟢)	0.468s	61	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.062s (-44.9% 🟢)	1.575s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.513s	58	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (-59.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.777s	45	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s	2.007s	0.755s	45	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.287s (-57.6% 🟢)	2.123s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.835s	43	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.787s	2.028s	0.241s	45	1.76x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.353s (-67.1% 🟢)	13.355s (-63.7% 🟢)	2.002s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11.615s (-70.6% 🟢)	13.753s (-66.7% 🟢)	2.139s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.225s (-75.5% 🟢)	14.443s (-72.1% 🟢)	2.218s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.984s (-51.7% 🟢)	2.315s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.331s	52	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.019s (-49.4% 🟢)	2.457s (-43.8% 🟢)	0.438s	49	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.454s	3.008s	0.555s	40	1.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.669s (-71.3% 🟢)	3.008s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.339s	40	1.35x
💻 Local	Express	2.726s (-70.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.281s	40	1.37x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.842s	4.041s	0.200s	30	1.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	25.412s (-80.5% 🟢)	27.829s (-78.9% 🟢)	2.417s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	25.444s (-73.7% 🟢)	27.831s (-71.7% 🟢)	2.388s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.684s (-73.2% 🟢)	30.374s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.690s	4	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.174s (-38.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.832s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.827s	60	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.213s	1.006s	0.793s	60	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.394s (-34.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.610s	60	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.429s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.576s	60	2.47x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.533s	1.005s	0.472s	60	3.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.103s (+7.6% 🔺)	3.688s (+1.4%)	1.584s	17	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.296s (+38.2% 🔺)	4.047s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.751s	15	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.352s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.615s (-4.7%)	1.264s	17	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.284s (-42.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.721s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.300s (-41.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.706s	90	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.374s	1.006s	0.632s	90	1.32x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.145s (-15.5% 🟢)	2.686s (-10.7% 🟢)	0.541s	34	7.55x
💻 Local	Express	2.158s (-14.1% 🟢)	2.736s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.578s	33	7.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.349s	3.043s	0.694s	30	8.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.246s (+72.2% 🔺)	6.731s (+40.0% 🔺)	1.485s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.301s (+64.3% 🔺)	7.391s (+53.3% 🔺)	2.090s	13	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.732s (+62.1% 🔺)	7.160s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.429s	13	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.593s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.412s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.617s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.389s	120	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.761s	1.006s	0.245s	120	1.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.995s (-10.7% 🟢)	10.527s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.532s	12	16.86x
💻 Local	Express	10.206s (-8.8% 🟢)	10.527s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.321s	12	17.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.844s	11.391s	0.547s	11	18.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.164s (+27.5% 🔺)	14.929s (+21.5% 🔺)	1.765s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.073s (+130.1% 🔺)	18.643s (+101.7% 🔺)	1.571s	7	1.30x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	19.534s (+152.9% 🔺)	21.803s (+131.9% 🔺)	2.269s	6	1.48x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.129s (+450.7% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-40.0% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.132s (+429.8% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-1.6%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.887s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.135s (+470.0% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.883s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (+463.7% 🔺)	1.995s (+99.7% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.838s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.184s	2.004s	0.013s	2.020s	0.836s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.336s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.572s (+63.6% 🔺)	5.309s (-5.0% 🟢)	3.180s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.146s (-68.7% 🟢)	3.081s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.001s (+216.7% 🔺)	5.470s (-44.1% 🟢)	3.324s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.358s (-38.5% 🟢)	3.359s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.737s (+134.1% 🔺)	5.750s (-11.3% 🟢)	3.392s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.497s (+139.8% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-1.7%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.529s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.523s (+141.8% 🔺)	2.000s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.004s (+3.6%)	2.025s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.501s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.525s (+101.4% 🔺)	2.011s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.010s (+4.8%)	2.023s (+94.6% 🔺)	0.498s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.626s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.399s	30	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.693s	2.012s	0.010s	2.025s	0.332s	30	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.711s (+104.0% 🔺)	2.013s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.010s (+2.1%)	2.204s (+97.5% 🔺)	0.492s	28	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.636s (-13.4% 🟢)	6.746s (-15.8% 🟢)	0.286s (-29.9% 🟢)	7.415s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.779s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.755s (-80.5% 🟢)	7.419s (-75.9% 🟢)	0.168s (+49.9% 🔺)	8.047s (-74.7% 🟢)	2.292s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.881s (-65.2% 🟢)	6.878s (-62.3% 🟢)	0.202s (-4.2%)	7.429s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.548s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.653s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.035s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.659s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.060s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.401s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.712s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.330s	58	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.344s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.672s	30	2.06x
💻 Local	Express	1.398s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.017s (~)	0.619s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.459s	2.014s	0.000s	2.017s	0.557s	30	2.24x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.567s (+16.9% 🔺)	5.220s (+18.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+18.2% 🔺)	5.678s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.111s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.578s (-64.9% 🟢)	4.771s (-58.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	5.116s (-57.5% 🟢)	1.537s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.582s (-4.2%)	4.695s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-54.2% 🟢)	5.134s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.552s	12	1.00x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.286s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.994s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.047s (-5.9% 🟢)	0.760s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.287s (-27.3% 🟢)	1.994s (-8.5% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.008s (-8.7% 🟢)	0.720s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s	2.072s	0.000s	2.104s	0.611s	29	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.971s	3.471s	0.000s	3.479s	0.509s	18	2.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.082s (-9.0% 🟢)	3.777s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.001s (-6.2% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.700s	16	2.40x
💻 Local	Express	3.087s (-11.0% 🟢)	3.903s (-3.2%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.905s (-3.3%)	0.818s	16	2.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.848s (+4.1%)	7.199s (+3.1%)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	7.568s (~)	1.721s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.059s (+48.0% 🔺)	7.997s (+48.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.468s (+46.2% 🔺)	2.409s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.152s (+34.1% 🔺)	7.321s (+21.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.717s (+19.5% 🔺)	1.564s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	11/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	18/21
▲ Vercel	Express	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	20/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	19/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

⚠️Community world benchmarks failed (non-blocking):

• Community Worlds: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR stabilizes Windows Turbopack/SWC behavior in the monorepo by switching TypeScript sourcemap emission to inline sourcemaps across all workspace packages, avoiding external .js.map files that Turbopack mis-resolves on Windows and can crash the SWC worker.

Changes:

• Update the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json to emit inline sourcemaps (inlineSourceMap: true) and stop emitting external .js.map files (sourceMap: false).
• Remove now-redundant per-package sourcemap overrides from @workflow/core and workflow tsconfigs.
• Add a changeset describing the cross-workspace packaging/output change.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 4 out of 4 changed files in this pull request and generated 1 comment.

File	Description
packages/tsconfig/base.json	Centralizes inline sourcemap settings for all TS packages extending the base config.
packages/core/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
packages/workflow/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
.changeset/windows-inline-sourcemaps.md	Publishes patch bumps for many packages and documents the Windows Turbopack/SWC workaround.

---

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[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2103. (backport job run)

[TooTallNate]

Summary

Generalizes the inlineSourceMap: true tsconfig override that #352 previously applied only to @workflow/core (and later workflow) to the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json. All workspace packages that extend the base config now produce inline sourcemaps instead of external .js.map files.

Note

While investigating a flaky Windows E2E test I originally suspected this sourcemap read error:

ERROR failed to read input source map: failed to find input source map file \"index.js.map\" in
\"packages/serde/dist/index.js\" file as either \"packages/serde/dist\\\\index.js.map\" or with appended .map

…was the root cause. It's not — that message is a non-fatal Turbopack warning. The Windows CI flake is caused by something else (see the linked issue for follow-up investigation). Landing this PR still cleans up the warning noise and removes two one-off per-package overrides, but it will not stabilize the Windows E2E job on its own.

Why still land this

• Silences a noisy Turbopack warning that appears on every Windows run.
• Consolidates the sourcemap config in one place instead of duplicating it in @workflow/core and workflow.
• Published packages no longer ship external .js.map files (source is still embedded inline via inlineSources: true, so debugging experience is unchanged).
• .d.ts.map files are still produced (they aren't read by Turbopack's SWC sourcemap reader, only by IDEs for Go-to-Definition).

Testing

• Rebuilt @workflow/serde, @workflow/core, and workflow locally — .js.map files are no longer emitted; sourcemaps are embedded as sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,....
• pnpm typecheck and pnpm test pass for the affected packages.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 4c4d26e

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 25 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/ai	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/errors	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/serde	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/typescript-plugin	Patch
@workflow/utils	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.030s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.049s	1.006s	0.957s	10	1.62x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.051s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.012s (-3.0%)	0.961s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.052s	1.010s	0.958s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.054s (-7.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.958s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.247s (+4.9%)	2.217s (+3.8%)	1.970s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.265s (-35.3% 🟢)	2.313s (-7.8% 🟢)	2.048s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.284s (+12.8% 🔺)	1.990s (-14.7% 🟢)	1.706s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.069s (-5.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.083s (-5.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.927s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.083s (-5.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.925s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s	2.009s	0.906s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.106s	2.006s	0.900s	10	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.549s (-23.9% 🟢)	3.140s (-18.0% 🟢)	1.590s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.596s (-14.9% 🟢)	3.467s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.871s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.611s (-58.6% 🟢)	3.656s (-38.1% 🟢)	2.044s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.407s (-4.3%)	11.019s (~)	0.612s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.415s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.607s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.438s (-4.4%)	11.023s (~)	0.585s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.446s (-4.7%)	11.016s (~)	0.571s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.569s	11.018s	0.449s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.691s	11.022s	0.331s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.208s (-44.3% 🟢)	15.097s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.889s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.249s (-22.0% 🟢)	14.898s (-25.6% 🟢)	1.649s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.559s (-21.7% 🟢)	15.169s (-21.8% 🟢)	1.609s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	13.436s (-7.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.580s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.444s (-10.2% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.583s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.452s (-7.8% 🟢)	14.022s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.570s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.478s (-10.5% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.548s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.819s	14.020s	0.201s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.160s	15.032s	0.872s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	21.102s (-67.3% 🟢)	23.924s (-64.1% 🟢)	2.822s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.278s (-59.5% 🟢)	23.443s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.165s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.349s (-57.6% 🟢)	22.823s (-56.6% 🟢)	1.474s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	11.825s (-15.3% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.190s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	11.877s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.144s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.880s (-28.4% 🟢)	12.023s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.142s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.086s (-13.7% 🟢)	13.021s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.934s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.541s	13.018s	0.478s	7	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.052s	14.026s	0.974s	7	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.296s (-93.5% 🟢)	29.409s (-93.1% 🟢)	2.113s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.328s (-77.5% 🟢)	29.226s (-76.4% 🟢)	1.898s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.011s (-92.4% 🟢)	31.981s (-91.9% 🟢)	1.970s	3	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.146s (-10.1% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.861s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.169s (-28.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.837s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (-21.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.834s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.183s	2.007s	0.825s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.247s (-1.0%)	2.073s (+3.2%)	0.826s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.272s	2.007s	0.735s	15	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.421s (-15.3% 🟢)	3.781s (-18.2% 🟢)	1.360s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.450s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.381s (+1.4%)	1.931s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.453s (-27.8% 🟢)	3.971s (-19.5% 🟢)	1.518s	8	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.197s (-49.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.810s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.232s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.774s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s	2.007s	0.728s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.682s (-43.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.323s	15	1.41x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.741s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.005s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.264s	15	1.46x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.004s	2.469s	0.465s	13	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.207s (-20.9% 🟢)	4.838s (-18.3% 🟢)	1.631s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.225s (-10.9% 🟢)	4.809s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.584s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.221s (-40.6% 🟢)	5.799s (-34.9% 🟢)	1.578s	6	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.296s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.340s (-61.6% 🟢)	2.006s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.667s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.510s	2.008s	0.499s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.619s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.177s (-42.6% 🟢)	0.559s	6	3.56x
💻 Local	Express	4.766s (-42.8% 🟢)	5.347s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.580s	6	3.68x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.782s	6.213s	0.431s	5	4.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.842s (+65.7% 🔺)	7.742s (+39.9% 🔺)	1.900s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.398s (+50.9% 🔺)	8.120s (+32.5% 🔺)	1.722s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.265s (-18.5% 🟢)	8.764s (-20.0% 🟢)	1.499s	4	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.150s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.858s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (-8.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.852s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.169s	2.009s	0.840s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.301s	2.006s	0.705s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.391s (-25.4% 🟢)	2.005s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.614s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.411s (-25.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.595s	15	1.23x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.355s (-8.8% 🟢)	3.686s (-15.3% 🟢)	1.331s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.399s (-2.4%)	4.010s (-3.8%)	1.611s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.761s (-5.8% 🟢)	3.767s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.007s	8	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.195s (-48.9% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.813s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.214s (-48.2% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.794s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s	2.008s	0.717s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.916s (-38.8% 🟢)	2.317s (-38.4% 🟢)	0.401s	13	1.60x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.016s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.493s	12	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.199s	3.008s	0.809s	10	1.84x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.138s (-1.7%)	4.559s (-4.9%)	1.421s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.442s (+6.5% 🔺)	5.120s (+0.8%)	1.678s	7	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.489s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.828s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.340s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.308s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.698s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.329s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.678s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.503s	2.008s	0.505s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	5.510s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.847s (-36.9% 🟢)	0.337s	6	4.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.682s (-37.9% 🟢)	6.413s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.731s	5	4.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.613s	0.554s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.748s (-26.0% 🟢)	6.665s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.917s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.866s (-4.5%)	6.845s (~)	1.980s	5	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.025s (-25.6% 🟢)	6.762s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.737s	5	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.425s (-49.4% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.582s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.477s (-41.8% 🟢)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.546s	59	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.480s (-51.1% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.524s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.510s (-48.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.495s	60	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.006s	0.483s	60	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.740s	1.005s	0.264s	60	1.74x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.483s (-79.7% 🟢)	6.553s (-72.7% 🟢)	2.070s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.675s (-75.4% 🟢)	6.097s (-71.4% 🟢)	1.422s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.065s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.310s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.245s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.014s (-48.7% 🟢)	1.482s (-34.4% 🟢)	0.468s	61	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.062s (-44.9% 🟢)	1.575s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.513s	58	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (-59.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.777s	45	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s	2.007s	0.755s	45	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.287s (-57.6% 🟢)	2.123s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.835s	43	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.787s	2.028s	0.241s	45	1.76x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.353s (-67.1% 🟢)	13.355s (-63.7% 🟢)	2.002s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11.615s (-70.6% 🟢)	13.753s (-66.7% 🟢)	2.139s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.225s (-75.5% 🟢)	14.443s (-72.1% 🟢)	2.218s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.984s (-51.7% 🟢)	2.315s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.331s	52	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.019s (-49.4% 🟢)	2.457s (-43.8% 🟢)	0.438s	49	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.454s	3.008s	0.555s	40	1.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.669s (-71.3% 🟢)	3.008s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.339s	40	1.35x
💻 Local	Express	2.726s (-70.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.281s	40	1.37x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.842s	4.041s	0.200s	30	1.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	25.412s (-80.5% 🟢)	27.829s (-78.9% 🟢)	2.417s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	25.444s (-73.7% 🟢)	27.831s (-71.7% 🟢)	2.388s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.684s (-73.2% 🟢)	30.374s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.690s	4	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.174s (-38.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.832s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.827s	60	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.213s	1.006s	0.793s	60	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.394s (-34.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.610s	60	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.429s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.576s	60	2.47x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.533s	1.005s	0.472s	60	3.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.103s (+7.6% 🔺)	3.688s (+1.4%)	1.584s	17	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.296s (+38.2% 🔺)	4.047s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.751s	15	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.352s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.615s (-4.7%)	1.264s	17	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.284s (-42.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.721s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.300s (-41.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.706s	90	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.374s	1.006s	0.632s	90	1.32x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.145s (-15.5% 🟢)	2.686s (-10.7% 🟢)	0.541s	34	7.55x
💻 Local	Express	2.158s (-14.1% 🟢)	2.736s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.578s	33	7.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.349s	3.043s	0.694s	30	8.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.246s (+72.2% 🔺)	6.731s (+40.0% 🔺)	1.485s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.301s (+64.3% 🔺)	7.391s (+53.3% 🔺)	2.090s	13	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.732s (+62.1% 🔺)	7.160s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.429s	13	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.593s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.412s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.617s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.389s	120	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.761s	1.006s	0.245s	120	1.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.995s (-10.7% 🟢)	10.527s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.532s	12	16.86x
💻 Local	Express	10.206s (-8.8% 🟢)	10.527s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.321s	12	17.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.844s	11.391s	0.547s	11	18.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.164s (+27.5% 🔺)	14.929s (+21.5% 🔺)	1.765s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.073s (+130.1% 🔺)	18.643s (+101.7% 🔺)	1.571s	7	1.30x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	19.534s (+152.9% 🔺)	21.803s (+131.9% 🔺)	2.269s	6	1.48x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.129s (+450.7% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-40.0% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.132s (+429.8% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-1.6%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.887s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.135s (+470.0% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.883s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (+463.7% 🔺)	1.995s (+99.7% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.838s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.184s	2.004s	0.013s	2.020s	0.836s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.336s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.572s (+63.6% 🔺)	5.309s (-5.0% 🟢)	3.180s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.146s (-68.7% 🟢)	3.081s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.001s (+216.7% 🔺)	5.470s (-44.1% 🟢)	3.324s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.358s (-38.5% 🟢)	3.359s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.737s (+134.1% 🔺)	5.750s (-11.3% 🟢)	3.392s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.497s (+139.8% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-1.7%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.529s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.523s (+141.8% 🔺)	2.000s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.004s (+3.6%)	2.025s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.501s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.525s (+101.4% 🔺)	2.011s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.010s (+4.8%)	2.023s (+94.6% 🔺)	0.498s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.626s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.399s	30	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.693s	2.012s	0.010s	2.025s	0.332s	30	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.711s (+104.0% 🔺)	2.013s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.010s (+2.1%)	2.204s (+97.5% 🔺)	0.492s	28	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.636s (-13.4% 🟢)	6.746s (-15.8% 🟢)	0.286s (-29.9% 🟢)	7.415s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.779s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.755s (-80.5% 🟢)	7.419s (-75.9% 🟢)	0.168s (+49.9% 🔺)	8.047s (-74.7% 🟢)	2.292s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.881s (-65.2% 🟢)	6.878s (-62.3% 🟢)	0.202s (-4.2%)	7.429s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.548s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.653s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.035s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.659s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.060s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.401s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.712s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.330s	58	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.344s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.672s	30	2.06x
💻 Local	Express	1.398s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.017s (~)	0.619s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.459s	2.014s	0.000s	2.017s	0.557s	30	2.24x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.567s (+16.9% 🔺)	5.220s (+18.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+18.2% 🔺)	5.678s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.111s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.578s (-64.9% 🟢)	4.771s (-58.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	5.116s (-57.5% 🟢)	1.537s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.582s (-4.2%)	4.695s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-54.2% 🟢)	5.134s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.552s	12	1.00x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.286s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.994s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.047s (-5.9% 🟢)	0.760s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.287s (-27.3% 🟢)	1.994s (-8.5% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.008s (-8.7% 🟢)	0.720s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s	2.072s	0.000s	2.104s	0.611s	29	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.971s	3.471s	0.000s	3.479s	0.509s	18	2.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.082s (-9.0% 🟢)	3.777s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.001s (-6.2% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.700s	16	2.40x
💻 Local	Express	3.087s (-11.0% 🟢)	3.903s (-3.2%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.905s (-3.3%)	0.818s	16	2.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.848s (+4.1%)	7.199s (+3.1%)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	7.568s (~)	1.721s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.059s (+48.0% 🔺)	7.997s (+48.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.468s (+46.2% 🔺)	2.409s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.152s (+34.1% 🔺)	7.321s (+21.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.717s (+19.5% 🔺)	1.564s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	11/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	18/21
▲ Vercel	Express	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	20/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	19/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

⚠️Community world benchmarks failed (non-blocking):

• Community Worlds: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR stabilizes Windows Turbopack/SWC behavior in the monorepo by switching TypeScript sourcemap emission to inline sourcemaps across all workspace packages, avoiding external .js.map files that Turbopack mis-resolves on Windows and can crash the SWC worker.

Changes:

• Update the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json to emit inline sourcemaps (inlineSourceMap: true) and stop emitting external .js.map files (sourceMap: false).
• Remove now-redundant per-package sourcemap overrides from @workflow/core and workflow tsconfigs.
• Add a changeset describing the cross-workspace packaging/output change.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 4 out of 4 changed files in this pull request and generated 1 comment.

File	Description
packages/tsconfig/base.json	Centralizes inline sourcemap settings for all TS packages extending the base config.
packages/core/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
packages/workflow/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
.changeset/windows-inline-sourcemaps.md	Publishes patch bumps for many packages and documents the Windows Turbopack/SWC workaround.

---

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[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2103. (backport job run)

[TooTallNate]

Summary

Generalizes the inlineSourceMap: true tsconfig override that #352 previously applied only to @workflow/core (and later workflow) to the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json. All workspace packages that extend the base config now produce inline sourcemaps instead of external .js.map files.

Note

While investigating a flaky Windows E2E test I originally suspected this sourcemap read error:

ERROR failed to read input source map: failed to find input source map file \"index.js.map\" in
\"packages/serde/dist/index.js\" file as either \"packages/serde/dist\\\\index.js.map\" or with appended .map

…was the root cause. It's not — that message is a non-fatal Turbopack warning. The Windows CI flake is caused by something else (see the linked issue for follow-up investigation). Landing this PR still cleans up the warning noise and removes two one-off per-package overrides, but it will not stabilize the Windows E2E job on its own.

Why still land this

• Silences a noisy Turbopack warning that appears on every Windows run.
• Consolidates the sourcemap config in one place instead of duplicating it in @workflow/core and workflow.
• Published packages no longer ship external .js.map files (source is still embedded inline via inlineSources: true, so debugging experience is unchanged).
• .d.ts.map files are still produced (they aren't read by Turbopack's SWC sourcemap reader, only by IDEs for Go-to-Definition).

Testing

• Rebuilt @workflow/serde, @workflow/core, and workflow locally — .js.map files are no longer emitted; sourcemaps are embedded as sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,....
• pnpm typecheck and pnpm test pass for the affected packages.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 4c4d26e

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 25 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/ai	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/errors	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/serde	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/typescript-plugin	Patch
@workflow/utils	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.030s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.049s	1.006s	0.957s	10	1.62x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.051s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.012s (-3.0%)	0.961s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.052s	1.010s	0.958s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.054s (-7.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.958s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.247s (+4.9%)	2.217s (+3.8%)	1.970s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.265s (-35.3% 🟢)	2.313s (-7.8% 🟢)	2.048s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.284s (+12.8% 🔺)	1.990s (-14.7% 🟢)	1.706s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.069s (-5.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.083s (-5.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.927s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.083s (-5.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.925s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s	2.009s	0.906s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.106s	2.006s	0.900s	10	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.549s (-23.9% 🟢)	3.140s (-18.0% 🟢)	1.590s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.596s (-14.9% 🟢)	3.467s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.871s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.611s (-58.6% 🟢)	3.656s (-38.1% 🟢)	2.044s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.407s (-4.3%)	11.019s (~)	0.612s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.415s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.607s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.438s (-4.4%)	11.023s (~)	0.585s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.446s (-4.7%)	11.016s (~)	0.571s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.569s	11.018s	0.449s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.691s	11.022s	0.331s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.208s (-44.3% 🟢)	15.097s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.889s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.249s (-22.0% 🟢)	14.898s (-25.6% 🟢)	1.649s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.559s (-21.7% 🟢)	15.169s (-21.8% 🟢)	1.609s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	13.436s (-7.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.580s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.444s (-10.2% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.583s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.452s (-7.8% 🟢)	14.022s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.570s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.478s (-10.5% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.548s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.819s	14.020s	0.201s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.160s	15.032s	0.872s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	21.102s (-67.3% 🟢)	23.924s (-64.1% 🟢)	2.822s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.278s (-59.5% 🟢)	23.443s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.165s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.349s (-57.6% 🟢)	22.823s (-56.6% 🟢)	1.474s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	11.825s (-15.3% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.190s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	11.877s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.144s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.880s (-28.4% 🟢)	12.023s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.142s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.086s (-13.7% 🟢)	13.021s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.934s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.541s	13.018s	0.478s	7	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.052s	14.026s	0.974s	7	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.296s (-93.5% 🟢)	29.409s (-93.1% 🟢)	2.113s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.328s (-77.5% 🟢)	29.226s (-76.4% 🟢)	1.898s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.011s (-92.4% 🟢)	31.981s (-91.9% 🟢)	1.970s	3	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.146s (-10.1% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.861s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.169s (-28.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.837s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (-21.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.834s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.183s	2.007s	0.825s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.247s (-1.0%)	2.073s (+3.2%)	0.826s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.272s	2.007s	0.735s	15	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.421s (-15.3% 🟢)	3.781s (-18.2% 🟢)	1.360s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.450s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.381s (+1.4%)	1.931s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.453s (-27.8% 🟢)	3.971s (-19.5% 🟢)	1.518s	8	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.197s (-49.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.810s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.232s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.774s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s	2.007s	0.728s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.682s (-43.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.323s	15	1.41x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.741s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.005s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.264s	15	1.46x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.004s	2.469s	0.465s	13	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.207s (-20.9% 🟢)	4.838s (-18.3% 🟢)	1.631s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.225s (-10.9% 🟢)	4.809s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.584s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.221s (-40.6% 🟢)	5.799s (-34.9% 🟢)	1.578s	6	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.296s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.340s (-61.6% 🟢)	2.006s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.667s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.510s	2.008s	0.499s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.619s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.177s (-42.6% 🟢)	0.559s	6	3.56x
💻 Local	Express	4.766s (-42.8% 🟢)	5.347s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.580s	6	3.68x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.782s	6.213s	0.431s	5	4.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.842s (+65.7% 🔺)	7.742s (+39.9% 🔺)	1.900s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.398s (+50.9% 🔺)	8.120s (+32.5% 🔺)	1.722s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.265s (-18.5% 🟢)	8.764s (-20.0% 🟢)	1.499s	4	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.150s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.858s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (-8.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.852s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.169s	2.009s	0.840s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.301s	2.006s	0.705s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.391s (-25.4% 🟢)	2.005s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.614s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.411s (-25.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.595s	15	1.23x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.355s (-8.8% 🟢)	3.686s (-15.3% 🟢)	1.331s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.399s (-2.4%)	4.010s (-3.8%)	1.611s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.761s (-5.8% 🟢)	3.767s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.007s	8	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.195s (-48.9% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.813s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.214s (-48.2% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.794s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s	2.008s	0.717s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.916s (-38.8% 🟢)	2.317s (-38.4% 🟢)	0.401s	13	1.60x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.016s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.493s	12	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.199s	3.008s	0.809s	10	1.84x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.138s (-1.7%)	4.559s (-4.9%)	1.421s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.442s (+6.5% 🔺)	5.120s (+0.8%)	1.678s	7	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.489s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.828s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.340s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.308s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.698s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.329s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.678s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.503s	2.008s	0.505s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	5.510s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.847s (-36.9% 🟢)	0.337s	6	4.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.682s (-37.9% 🟢)	6.413s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.731s	5	4.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.613s	0.554s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.748s (-26.0% 🟢)	6.665s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.917s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.866s (-4.5%)	6.845s (~)	1.980s	5	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.025s (-25.6% 🟢)	6.762s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.737s	5	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.425s (-49.4% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.582s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.477s (-41.8% 🟢)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.546s	59	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.480s (-51.1% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.524s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.510s (-48.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.495s	60	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.006s	0.483s	60	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.740s	1.005s	0.264s	60	1.74x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.483s (-79.7% 🟢)	6.553s (-72.7% 🟢)	2.070s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.675s (-75.4% 🟢)	6.097s (-71.4% 🟢)	1.422s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.065s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.310s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.245s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.014s (-48.7% 🟢)	1.482s (-34.4% 🟢)	0.468s	61	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.062s (-44.9% 🟢)	1.575s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.513s	58	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (-59.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.777s	45	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s	2.007s	0.755s	45	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.287s (-57.6% 🟢)	2.123s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.835s	43	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.787s	2.028s	0.241s	45	1.76x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.353s (-67.1% 🟢)	13.355s (-63.7% 🟢)	2.002s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11.615s (-70.6% 🟢)	13.753s (-66.7% 🟢)	2.139s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.225s (-75.5% 🟢)	14.443s (-72.1% 🟢)	2.218s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.984s (-51.7% 🟢)	2.315s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.331s	52	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.019s (-49.4% 🟢)	2.457s (-43.8% 🟢)	0.438s	49	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.454s	3.008s	0.555s	40	1.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.669s (-71.3% 🟢)	3.008s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.339s	40	1.35x
💻 Local	Express	2.726s (-70.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.281s	40	1.37x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.842s	4.041s	0.200s	30	1.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	25.412s (-80.5% 🟢)	27.829s (-78.9% 🟢)	2.417s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	25.444s (-73.7% 🟢)	27.831s (-71.7% 🟢)	2.388s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.684s (-73.2% 🟢)	30.374s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.690s	4	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.174s (-38.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.832s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.827s	60	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.213s	1.006s	0.793s	60	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.394s (-34.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.610s	60	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.429s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.576s	60	2.47x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.533s	1.005s	0.472s	60	3.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.103s (+7.6% 🔺)	3.688s (+1.4%)	1.584s	17	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.296s (+38.2% 🔺)	4.047s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.751s	15	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.352s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.615s (-4.7%)	1.264s	17	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.284s (-42.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.721s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.300s (-41.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.706s	90	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.374s	1.006s	0.632s	90	1.32x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.145s (-15.5% 🟢)	2.686s (-10.7% 🟢)	0.541s	34	7.55x
💻 Local	Express	2.158s (-14.1% 🟢)	2.736s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.578s	33	7.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.349s	3.043s	0.694s	30	8.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.246s (+72.2% 🔺)	6.731s (+40.0% 🔺)	1.485s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.301s (+64.3% 🔺)	7.391s (+53.3% 🔺)	2.090s	13	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.732s (+62.1% 🔺)	7.160s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.429s	13	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.593s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.412s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.617s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.389s	120	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.761s	1.006s	0.245s	120	1.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.995s (-10.7% 🟢)	10.527s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.532s	12	16.86x
💻 Local	Express	10.206s (-8.8% 🟢)	10.527s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.321s	12	17.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.844s	11.391s	0.547s	11	18.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.164s (+27.5% 🔺)	14.929s (+21.5% 🔺)	1.765s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.073s (+130.1% 🔺)	18.643s (+101.7% 🔺)	1.571s	7	1.30x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	19.534s (+152.9% 🔺)	21.803s (+131.9% 🔺)	2.269s	6	1.48x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.129s (+450.7% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-40.0% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.132s (+429.8% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-1.6%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.887s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.135s (+470.0% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.883s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (+463.7% 🔺)	1.995s (+99.7% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.838s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.184s	2.004s	0.013s	2.020s	0.836s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.336s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.572s (+63.6% 🔺)	5.309s (-5.0% 🟢)	3.180s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.146s (-68.7% 🟢)	3.081s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.001s (+216.7% 🔺)	5.470s (-44.1% 🟢)	3.324s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.358s (-38.5% 🟢)	3.359s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.737s (+134.1% 🔺)	5.750s (-11.3% 🟢)	3.392s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.497s (+139.8% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-1.7%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.529s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.523s (+141.8% 🔺)	2.000s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.004s (+3.6%)	2.025s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.501s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.525s (+101.4% 🔺)	2.011s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.010s (+4.8%)	2.023s (+94.6% 🔺)	0.498s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.626s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.399s	30	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.693s	2.012s	0.010s	2.025s	0.332s	30	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.711s (+104.0% 🔺)	2.013s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.010s (+2.1%)	2.204s (+97.5% 🔺)	0.492s	28	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.636s (-13.4% 🟢)	6.746s (-15.8% 🟢)	0.286s (-29.9% 🟢)	7.415s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.779s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.755s (-80.5% 🟢)	7.419s (-75.9% 🟢)	0.168s (+49.9% 🔺)	8.047s (-74.7% 🟢)	2.292s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.881s (-65.2% 🟢)	6.878s (-62.3% 🟢)	0.202s (-4.2%)	7.429s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.548s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.653s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.035s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.659s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.060s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.401s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.712s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.330s	58	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.344s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.672s	30	2.06x
💻 Local	Express	1.398s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.017s (~)	0.619s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.459s	2.014s	0.000s	2.017s	0.557s	30	2.24x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.567s (+16.9% 🔺)	5.220s (+18.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+18.2% 🔺)	5.678s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.111s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.578s (-64.9% 🟢)	4.771s (-58.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	5.116s (-57.5% 🟢)	1.537s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.582s (-4.2%)	4.695s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-54.2% 🟢)	5.134s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.552s	12	1.00x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.286s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.994s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.047s (-5.9% 🟢)	0.760s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.287s (-27.3% 🟢)	1.994s (-8.5% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.008s (-8.7% 🟢)	0.720s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s	2.072s	0.000s	2.104s	0.611s	29	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.971s	3.471s	0.000s	3.479s	0.509s	18	2.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.082s (-9.0% 🟢)	3.777s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.001s (-6.2% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.700s	16	2.40x
💻 Local	Express	3.087s (-11.0% 🟢)	3.903s (-3.2%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.905s (-3.3%)	0.818s	16	2.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.848s (+4.1%)	7.199s (+3.1%)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	7.568s (~)	1.721s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.059s (+48.0% 🔺)	7.997s (+48.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.468s (+46.2% 🔺)	2.409s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.152s (+34.1% 🔺)	7.321s (+21.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.717s (+19.5% 🔺)	1.564s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	11/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	18/21
▲ Vercel	Express	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	20/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	19/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

⚠️Community world benchmarks failed (non-blocking):

• Community Worlds: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR stabilizes Windows Turbopack/SWC behavior in the monorepo by switching TypeScript sourcemap emission to inline sourcemaps across all workspace packages, avoiding external .js.map files that Turbopack mis-resolves on Windows and can crash the SWC worker.

Changes:

• Update the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json to emit inline sourcemaps (inlineSourceMap: true) and stop emitting external .js.map files (sourceMap: false).
• Remove now-redundant per-package sourcemap overrides from @workflow/core and workflow tsconfigs.
• Add a changeset describing the cross-workspace packaging/output change.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 4 out of 4 changed files in this pull request and generated 1 comment.

File	Description
packages/tsconfig/base.json	Centralizes inline sourcemap settings for all TS packages extending the base config.
packages/core/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
packages/workflow/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
.changeset/windows-inline-sourcemaps.md	Publishes patch bumps for many packages and documents the Windows Turbopack/SWC workaround.

---

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[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2103. (backport job run)

[TooTallNate]

Summary

Generalizes the inlineSourceMap: true tsconfig override that #352 previously applied only to @workflow/core (and later workflow) to the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json. All workspace packages that extend the base config now produce inline sourcemaps instead of external .js.map files.

Note

While investigating a flaky Windows E2E test I originally suspected this sourcemap read error:

ERROR failed to read input source map: failed to find input source map file \"index.js.map\" in
\"packages/serde/dist/index.js\" file as either \"packages/serde/dist\\\\index.js.map\" or with appended .map

…was the root cause. It's not — that message is a non-fatal Turbopack warning. The Windows CI flake is caused by something else (see the linked issue for follow-up investigation). Landing this PR still cleans up the warning noise and removes two one-off per-package overrides, but it will not stabilize the Windows E2E job on its own.

Why still land this

• Silences a noisy Turbopack warning that appears on every Windows run.
• Consolidates the sourcemap config in one place instead of duplicating it in @workflow/core and workflow.
• Published packages no longer ship external .js.map files (source is still embedded inline via inlineSources: true, so debugging experience is unchanged).
• .d.ts.map files are still produced (they aren't read by Turbopack's SWC sourcemap reader, only by IDEs for Go-to-Definition).

Testing

• Rebuilt @workflow/serde, @workflow/core, and workflow locally — .js.map files are no longer emitted; sourcemaps are embedded as sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,....
• pnpm typecheck and pnpm test pass for the affected packages.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 4c4d26e

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 25 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/ai	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/errors	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/serde	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/typescript-plugin	Patch
@workflow/utils	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.030s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.049s	1.006s	0.957s	10	1.62x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.051s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.012s (-3.0%)	0.961s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.052s	1.010s	0.958s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.054s (-7.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.958s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.247s (+4.9%)	2.217s (+3.8%)	1.970s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.265s (-35.3% 🟢)	2.313s (-7.8% 🟢)	2.048s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.284s (+12.8% 🔺)	1.990s (-14.7% 🟢)	1.706s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.069s (-5.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.083s (-5.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.927s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.083s (-5.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.925s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s	2.009s	0.906s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.106s	2.006s	0.900s	10	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.549s (-23.9% 🟢)	3.140s (-18.0% 🟢)	1.590s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.596s (-14.9% 🟢)	3.467s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.871s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.611s (-58.6% 🟢)	3.656s (-38.1% 🟢)	2.044s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.407s (-4.3%)	11.019s (~)	0.612s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.415s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.607s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.438s (-4.4%)	11.023s (~)	0.585s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.446s (-4.7%)	11.016s (~)	0.571s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.569s	11.018s	0.449s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.691s	11.022s	0.331s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.208s (-44.3% 🟢)	15.097s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.889s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.249s (-22.0% 🟢)	14.898s (-25.6% 🟢)	1.649s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.559s (-21.7% 🟢)	15.169s (-21.8% 🟢)	1.609s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	13.436s (-7.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.580s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.444s (-10.2% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.583s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.452s (-7.8% 🟢)	14.022s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.570s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.478s (-10.5% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.548s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.819s	14.020s	0.201s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.160s	15.032s	0.872s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	21.102s (-67.3% 🟢)	23.924s (-64.1% 🟢)	2.822s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.278s (-59.5% 🟢)	23.443s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.165s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.349s (-57.6% 🟢)	22.823s (-56.6% 🟢)	1.474s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	11.825s (-15.3% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.190s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	11.877s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.144s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.880s (-28.4% 🟢)	12.023s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.142s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.086s (-13.7% 🟢)	13.021s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.934s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.541s	13.018s	0.478s	7	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.052s	14.026s	0.974s	7	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.296s (-93.5% 🟢)	29.409s (-93.1% 🟢)	2.113s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.328s (-77.5% 🟢)	29.226s (-76.4% 🟢)	1.898s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.011s (-92.4% 🟢)	31.981s (-91.9% 🟢)	1.970s	3	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.146s (-10.1% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.861s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.169s (-28.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.837s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (-21.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.834s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.183s	2.007s	0.825s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.247s (-1.0%)	2.073s (+3.2%)	0.826s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.272s	2.007s	0.735s	15	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.421s (-15.3% 🟢)	3.781s (-18.2% 🟢)	1.360s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.450s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.381s (+1.4%)	1.931s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.453s (-27.8% 🟢)	3.971s (-19.5% 🟢)	1.518s	8	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.197s (-49.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.810s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.232s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.774s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s	2.007s	0.728s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.682s (-43.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.323s	15	1.41x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.741s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.005s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.264s	15	1.46x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.004s	2.469s	0.465s	13	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.207s (-20.9% 🟢)	4.838s (-18.3% 🟢)	1.631s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.225s (-10.9% 🟢)	4.809s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.584s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.221s (-40.6% 🟢)	5.799s (-34.9% 🟢)	1.578s	6	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.296s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.340s (-61.6% 🟢)	2.006s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.667s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.510s	2.008s	0.499s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.619s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.177s (-42.6% 🟢)	0.559s	6	3.56x
💻 Local	Express	4.766s (-42.8% 🟢)	5.347s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.580s	6	3.68x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.782s	6.213s	0.431s	5	4.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.842s (+65.7% 🔺)	7.742s (+39.9% 🔺)	1.900s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.398s (+50.9% 🔺)	8.120s (+32.5% 🔺)	1.722s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.265s (-18.5% 🟢)	8.764s (-20.0% 🟢)	1.499s	4	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.150s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.858s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (-8.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.852s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.169s	2.009s	0.840s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.301s	2.006s	0.705s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.391s (-25.4% 🟢)	2.005s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.614s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.411s (-25.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.595s	15	1.23x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.355s (-8.8% 🟢)	3.686s (-15.3% 🟢)	1.331s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.399s (-2.4%)	4.010s (-3.8%)	1.611s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.761s (-5.8% 🟢)	3.767s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.007s	8	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.195s (-48.9% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.813s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.214s (-48.2% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.794s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s	2.008s	0.717s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.916s (-38.8% 🟢)	2.317s (-38.4% 🟢)	0.401s	13	1.60x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.016s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.493s	12	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.199s	3.008s	0.809s	10	1.84x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.138s (-1.7%)	4.559s (-4.9%)	1.421s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.442s (+6.5% 🔺)	5.120s (+0.8%)	1.678s	7	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.489s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.828s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.340s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.308s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.698s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.329s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.678s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.503s	2.008s	0.505s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	5.510s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.847s (-36.9% 🟢)	0.337s	6	4.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.682s (-37.9% 🟢)	6.413s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.731s	5	4.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.613s	0.554s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.748s (-26.0% 🟢)	6.665s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.917s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.866s (-4.5%)	6.845s (~)	1.980s	5	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.025s (-25.6% 🟢)	6.762s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.737s	5	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.425s (-49.4% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.582s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.477s (-41.8% 🟢)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.546s	59	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.480s (-51.1% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.524s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.510s (-48.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.495s	60	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.006s	0.483s	60	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.740s	1.005s	0.264s	60	1.74x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.483s (-79.7% 🟢)	6.553s (-72.7% 🟢)	2.070s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.675s (-75.4% 🟢)	6.097s (-71.4% 🟢)	1.422s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.065s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.310s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.245s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.014s (-48.7% 🟢)	1.482s (-34.4% 🟢)	0.468s	61	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.062s (-44.9% 🟢)	1.575s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.513s	58	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (-59.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.777s	45	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s	2.007s	0.755s	45	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.287s (-57.6% 🟢)	2.123s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.835s	43	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.787s	2.028s	0.241s	45	1.76x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.353s (-67.1% 🟢)	13.355s (-63.7% 🟢)	2.002s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11.615s (-70.6% 🟢)	13.753s (-66.7% 🟢)	2.139s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.225s (-75.5% 🟢)	14.443s (-72.1% 🟢)	2.218s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.984s (-51.7% 🟢)	2.315s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.331s	52	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.019s (-49.4% 🟢)	2.457s (-43.8% 🟢)	0.438s	49	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.454s	3.008s	0.555s	40	1.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.669s (-71.3% 🟢)	3.008s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.339s	40	1.35x
💻 Local	Express	2.726s (-70.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.281s	40	1.37x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.842s	4.041s	0.200s	30	1.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	25.412s (-80.5% 🟢)	27.829s (-78.9% 🟢)	2.417s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	25.444s (-73.7% 🟢)	27.831s (-71.7% 🟢)	2.388s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.684s (-73.2% 🟢)	30.374s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.690s	4	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.174s (-38.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.832s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.827s	60	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.213s	1.006s	0.793s	60	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.394s (-34.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.610s	60	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.429s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.576s	60	2.47x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.533s	1.005s	0.472s	60	3.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.103s (+7.6% 🔺)	3.688s (+1.4%)	1.584s	17	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.296s (+38.2% 🔺)	4.047s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.751s	15	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.352s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.615s (-4.7%)	1.264s	17	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.284s (-42.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.721s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.300s (-41.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.706s	90	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.374s	1.006s	0.632s	90	1.32x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.145s (-15.5% 🟢)	2.686s (-10.7% 🟢)	0.541s	34	7.55x
💻 Local	Express	2.158s (-14.1% 🟢)	2.736s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.578s	33	7.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.349s	3.043s	0.694s	30	8.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.246s (+72.2% 🔺)	6.731s (+40.0% 🔺)	1.485s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.301s (+64.3% 🔺)	7.391s (+53.3% 🔺)	2.090s	13	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.732s (+62.1% 🔺)	7.160s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.429s	13	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.593s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.412s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.617s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.389s	120	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.761s	1.006s	0.245s	120	1.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.995s (-10.7% 🟢)	10.527s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.532s	12	16.86x
💻 Local	Express	10.206s (-8.8% 🟢)	10.527s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.321s	12	17.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.844s	11.391s	0.547s	11	18.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.164s (+27.5% 🔺)	14.929s (+21.5% 🔺)	1.765s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.073s (+130.1% 🔺)	18.643s (+101.7% 🔺)	1.571s	7	1.30x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	19.534s (+152.9% 🔺)	21.803s (+131.9% 🔺)	2.269s	6	1.48x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.129s (+450.7% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-40.0% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.132s (+429.8% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-1.6%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.887s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.135s (+470.0% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.883s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (+463.7% 🔺)	1.995s (+99.7% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.838s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.184s	2.004s	0.013s	2.020s	0.836s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.336s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.572s (+63.6% 🔺)	5.309s (-5.0% 🟢)	3.180s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.146s (-68.7% 🟢)	3.081s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.001s (+216.7% 🔺)	5.470s (-44.1% 🟢)	3.324s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.358s (-38.5% 🟢)	3.359s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.737s (+134.1% 🔺)	5.750s (-11.3% 🟢)	3.392s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.497s (+139.8% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-1.7%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.529s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.523s (+141.8% 🔺)	2.000s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.004s (+3.6%)	2.025s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.501s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.525s (+101.4% 🔺)	2.011s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.010s (+4.8%)	2.023s (+94.6% 🔺)	0.498s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.626s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.399s	30	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.693s	2.012s	0.010s	2.025s	0.332s	30	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.711s (+104.0% 🔺)	2.013s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.010s (+2.1%)	2.204s (+97.5% 🔺)	0.492s	28	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.636s (-13.4% 🟢)	6.746s (-15.8% 🟢)	0.286s (-29.9% 🟢)	7.415s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.779s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.755s (-80.5% 🟢)	7.419s (-75.9% 🟢)	0.168s (+49.9% 🔺)	8.047s (-74.7% 🟢)	2.292s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.881s (-65.2% 🟢)	6.878s (-62.3% 🟢)	0.202s (-4.2%)	7.429s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.548s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.653s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.035s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.659s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.060s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.401s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.712s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.330s	58	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.344s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.672s	30	2.06x
💻 Local	Express	1.398s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.017s (~)	0.619s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.459s	2.014s	0.000s	2.017s	0.557s	30	2.24x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.567s (+16.9% 🔺)	5.220s (+18.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+18.2% 🔺)	5.678s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.111s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.578s (-64.9% 🟢)	4.771s (-58.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	5.116s (-57.5% 🟢)	1.537s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.582s (-4.2%)	4.695s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-54.2% 🟢)	5.134s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.552s	12	1.00x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.286s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.994s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.047s (-5.9% 🟢)	0.760s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.287s (-27.3% 🟢)	1.994s (-8.5% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.008s (-8.7% 🟢)	0.720s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s	2.072s	0.000s	2.104s	0.611s	29	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.971s	3.471s	0.000s	3.479s	0.509s	18	2.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.082s (-9.0% 🟢)	3.777s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.001s (-6.2% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.700s	16	2.40x
💻 Local	Express	3.087s (-11.0% 🟢)	3.903s (-3.2%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.905s (-3.3%)	0.818s	16	2.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.848s (+4.1%)	7.199s (+3.1%)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	7.568s (~)	1.721s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.059s (+48.0% 🔺)	7.997s (+48.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.468s (+46.2% 🔺)	2.409s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.152s (+34.1% 🔺)	7.321s (+21.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.717s (+19.5% 🔺)	1.564s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	11/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	18/21
▲ Vercel	Express	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	20/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	19/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

⚠️Community world benchmarks failed (non-blocking):

• Community Worlds: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR stabilizes Windows Turbopack/SWC behavior in the monorepo by switching TypeScript sourcemap emission to inline sourcemaps across all workspace packages, avoiding external .js.map files that Turbopack mis-resolves on Windows and can crash the SWC worker.

Changes:

• Update the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json to emit inline sourcemaps (inlineSourceMap: true) and stop emitting external .js.map files (sourceMap: false).
• Remove now-redundant per-package sourcemap overrides from @workflow/core and workflow tsconfigs.
• Add a changeset describing the cross-workspace packaging/output change.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 4 out of 4 changed files in this pull request and generated 1 comment.

File	Description
packages/tsconfig/base.json	Centralizes inline sourcemap settings for all TS packages extending the base config.
packages/core/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
packages/workflow/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
.changeset/windows-inline-sourcemaps.md	Publishes patch bumps for many packages and documents the Windows Turbopack/SWC workaround.

---

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[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2103. (backport job run)

[TooTallNate]

Summary

Generalizes the inlineSourceMap: true tsconfig override that #352 previously applied only to @workflow/core (and later workflow) to the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json. All workspace packages that extend the base config now produce inline sourcemaps instead of external .js.map files.

Note

While investigating a flaky Windows E2E test I originally suspected this sourcemap read error:

ERROR failed to read input source map: failed to find input source map file \"index.js.map\" in
\"packages/serde/dist/index.js\" file as either \"packages/serde/dist\\\\index.js.map\" or with appended .map

…was the root cause. It's not — that message is a non-fatal Turbopack warning. The Windows CI flake is caused by something else (see the linked issue for follow-up investigation). Landing this PR still cleans up the warning noise and removes two one-off per-package overrides, but it will not stabilize the Windows E2E job on its own.

Why still land this

• Silences a noisy Turbopack warning that appears on every Windows run.
• Consolidates the sourcemap config in one place instead of duplicating it in @workflow/core and workflow.
• Published packages no longer ship external .js.map files (source is still embedded inline via inlineSources: true, so debugging experience is unchanged).
• .d.ts.map files are still produced (they aren't read by Turbopack's SWC sourcemap reader, only by IDEs for Go-to-Definition).

Testing

• Rebuilt @workflow/serde, @workflow/core, and workflow locally — .js.map files are no longer emitted; sourcemaps are embedded as sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,....
• pnpm typecheck and pnpm test pass for the affected packages.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 4c4d26e

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 25 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/ai	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/errors	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/serde	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/typescript-plugin	Patch
@workflow/utils	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.030s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.049s	1.006s	0.957s	10	1.62x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.051s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.012s (-3.0%)	0.961s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.052s	1.010s	0.958s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.054s (-7.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.958s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.247s (+4.9%)	2.217s (+3.8%)	1.970s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.265s (-35.3% 🟢)	2.313s (-7.8% 🟢)	2.048s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.284s (+12.8% 🔺)	1.990s (-14.7% 🟢)	1.706s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.069s (-5.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.083s (-5.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.927s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.083s (-5.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.925s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s	2.009s	0.906s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.106s	2.006s	0.900s	10	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.549s (-23.9% 🟢)	3.140s (-18.0% 🟢)	1.590s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.596s (-14.9% 🟢)	3.467s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.871s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.611s (-58.6% 🟢)	3.656s (-38.1% 🟢)	2.044s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.407s (-4.3%)	11.019s (~)	0.612s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.415s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.607s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.438s (-4.4%)	11.023s (~)	0.585s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.446s (-4.7%)	11.016s (~)	0.571s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.569s	11.018s	0.449s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.691s	11.022s	0.331s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.208s (-44.3% 🟢)	15.097s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.889s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.249s (-22.0% 🟢)	14.898s (-25.6% 🟢)	1.649s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.559s (-21.7% 🟢)	15.169s (-21.8% 🟢)	1.609s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	13.436s (-7.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.580s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.444s (-10.2% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.583s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.452s (-7.8% 🟢)	14.022s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.570s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.478s (-10.5% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.548s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.819s	14.020s	0.201s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.160s	15.032s	0.872s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	21.102s (-67.3% 🟢)	23.924s (-64.1% 🟢)	2.822s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.278s (-59.5% 🟢)	23.443s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.165s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.349s (-57.6% 🟢)	22.823s (-56.6% 🟢)	1.474s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	11.825s (-15.3% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.190s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	11.877s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.144s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.880s (-28.4% 🟢)	12.023s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.142s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.086s (-13.7% 🟢)	13.021s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.934s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.541s	13.018s	0.478s	7	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.052s	14.026s	0.974s	7	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.296s (-93.5% 🟢)	29.409s (-93.1% 🟢)	2.113s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.328s (-77.5% 🟢)	29.226s (-76.4% 🟢)	1.898s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.011s (-92.4% 🟢)	31.981s (-91.9% 🟢)	1.970s	3	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.146s (-10.1% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.861s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.169s (-28.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.837s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (-21.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.834s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.183s	2.007s	0.825s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.247s (-1.0%)	2.073s (+3.2%)	0.826s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.272s	2.007s	0.735s	15	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.421s (-15.3% 🟢)	3.781s (-18.2% 🟢)	1.360s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.450s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.381s (+1.4%)	1.931s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.453s (-27.8% 🟢)	3.971s (-19.5% 🟢)	1.518s	8	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.197s (-49.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.810s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.232s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.774s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s	2.007s	0.728s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.682s (-43.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.323s	15	1.41x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.741s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.005s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.264s	15	1.46x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.004s	2.469s	0.465s	13	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.207s (-20.9% 🟢)	4.838s (-18.3% 🟢)	1.631s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.225s (-10.9% 🟢)	4.809s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.584s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.221s (-40.6% 🟢)	5.799s (-34.9% 🟢)	1.578s	6	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.296s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.340s (-61.6% 🟢)	2.006s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.667s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.510s	2.008s	0.499s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.619s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.177s (-42.6% 🟢)	0.559s	6	3.56x
💻 Local	Express	4.766s (-42.8% 🟢)	5.347s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.580s	6	3.68x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.782s	6.213s	0.431s	5	4.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.842s (+65.7% 🔺)	7.742s (+39.9% 🔺)	1.900s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.398s (+50.9% 🔺)	8.120s (+32.5% 🔺)	1.722s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.265s (-18.5% 🟢)	8.764s (-20.0% 🟢)	1.499s	4	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.150s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.858s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (-8.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.852s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.169s	2.009s	0.840s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.301s	2.006s	0.705s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.391s (-25.4% 🟢)	2.005s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.614s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.411s (-25.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.595s	15	1.23x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.355s (-8.8% 🟢)	3.686s (-15.3% 🟢)	1.331s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.399s (-2.4%)	4.010s (-3.8%)	1.611s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.761s (-5.8% 🟢)	3.767s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.007s	8	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.195s (-48.9% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.813s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.214s (-48.2% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.794s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s	2.008s	0.717s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.916s (-38.8% 🟢)	2.317s (-38.4% 🟢)	0.401s	13	1.60x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.016s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.493s	12	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.199s	3.008s	0.809s	10	1.84x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.138s (-1.7%)	4.559s (-4.9%)	1.421s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.442s (+6.5% 🔺)	5.120s (+0.8%)	1.678s	7	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.489s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.828s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.340s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.308s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.698s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.329s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.678s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.503s	2.008s	0.505s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	5.510s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.847s (-36.9% 🟢)	0.337s	6	4.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.682s (-37.9% 🟢)	6.413s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.731s	5	4.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.613s	0.554s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.748s (-26.0% 🟢)	6.665s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.917s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.866s (-4.5%)	6.845s (~)	1.980s	5	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.025s (-25.6% 🟢)	6.762s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.737s	5	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.425s (-49.4% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.582s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.477s (-41.8% 🟢)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.546s	59	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.480s (-51.1% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.524s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.510s (-48.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.495s	60	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.006s	0.483s	60	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.740s	1.005s	0.264s	60	1.74x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.483s (-79.7% 🟢)	6.553s (-72.7% 🟢)	2.070s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.675s (-75.4% 🟢)	6.097s (-71.4% 🟢)	1.422s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.065s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.310s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.245s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.014s (-48.7% 🟢)	1.482s (-34.4% 🟢)	0.468s	61	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.062s (-44.9% 🟢)	1.575s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.513s	58	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (-59.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.777s	45	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s	2.007s	0.755s	45	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.287s (-57.6% 🟢)	2.123s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.835s	43	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.787s	2.028s	0.241s	45	1.76x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.353s (-67.1% 🟢)	13.355s (-63.7% 🟢)	2.002s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11.615s (-70.6% 🟢)	13.753s (-66.7% 🟢)	2.139s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.225s (-75.5% 🟢)	14.443s (-72.1% 🟢)	2.218s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.984s (-51.7% 🟢)	2.315s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.331s	52	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.019s (-49.4% 🟢)	2.457s (-43.8% 🟢)	0.438s	49	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.454s	3.008s	0.555s	40	1.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.669s (-71.3% 🟢)	3.008s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.339s	40	1.35x
💻 Local	Express	2.726s (-70.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.281s	40	1.37x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.842s	4.041s	0.200s	30	1.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	25.412s (-80.5% 🟢)	27.829s (-78.9% 🟢)	2.417s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	25.444s (-73.7% 🟢)	27.831s (-71.7% 🟢)	2.388s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.684s (-73.2% 🟢)	30.374s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.690s	4	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.174s (-38.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.832s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.827s	60	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.213s	1.006s	0.793s	60	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.394s (-34.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.610s	60	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.429s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.576s	60	2.47x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.533s	1.005s	0.472s	60	3.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.103s (+7.6% 🔺)	3.688s (+1.4%)	1.584s	17	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.296s (+38.2% 🔺)	4.047s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.751s	15	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.352s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.615s (-4.7%)	1.264s	17	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.284s (-42.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.721s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.300s (-41.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.706s	90	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.374s	1.006s	0.632s	90	1.32x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.145s (-15.5% 🟢)	2.686s (-10.7% 🟢)	0.541s	34	7.55x
💻 Local	Express	2.158s (-14.1% 🟢)	2.736s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.578s	33	7.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.349s	3.043s	0.694s	30	8.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.246s (+72.2% 🔺)	6.731s (+40.0% 🔺)	1.485s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.301s (+64.3% 🔺)	7.391s (+53.3% 🔺)	2.090s	13	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.732s (+62.1% 🔺)	7.160s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.429s	13	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.593s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.412s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.617s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.389s	120	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.761s	1.006s	0.245s	120	1.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.995s (-10.7% 🟢)	10.527s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.532s	12	16.86x
💻 Local	Express	10.206s (-8.8% 🟢)	10.527s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.321s	12	17.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.844s	11.391s	0.547s	11	18.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.164s (+27.5% 🔺)	14.929s (+21.5% 🔺)	1.765s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.073s (+130.1% 🔺)	18.643s (+101.7% 🔺)	1.571s	7	1.30x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	19.534s (+152.9% 🔺)	21.803s (+131.9% 🔺)	2.269s	6	1.48x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.129s (+450.7% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-40.0% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.132s (+429.8% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-1.6%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.887s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.135s (+470.0% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.883s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (+463.7% 🔺)	1.995s (+99.7% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.838s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.184s	2.004s	0.013s	2.020s	0.836s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.336s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.572s (+63.6% 🔺)	5.309s (-5.0% 🟢)	3.180s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.146s (-68.7% 🟢)	3.081s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.001s (+216.7% 🔺)	5.470s (-44.1% 🟢)	3.324s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.358s (-38.5% 🟢)	3.359s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.737s (+134.1% 🔺)	5.750s (-11.3% 🟢)	3.392s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.497s (+139.8% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-1.7%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.529s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.523s (+141.8% 🔺)	2.000s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.004s (+3.6%)	2.025s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.501s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.525s (+101.4% 🔺)	2.011s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.010s (+4.8%)	2.023s (+94.6% 🔺)	0.498s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.626s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.399s	30	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.693s	2.012s	0.010s	2.025s	0.332s	30	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.711s (+104.0% 🔺)	2.013s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.010s (+2.1%)	2.204s (+97.5% 🔺)	0.492s	28	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.636s (-13.4% 🟢)	6.746s (-15.8% 🟢)	0.286s (-29.9% 🟢)	7.415s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.779s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.755s (-80.5% 🟢)	7.419s (-75.9% 🟢)	0.168s (+49.9% 🔺)	8.047s (-74.7% 🟢)	2.292s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.881s (-65.2% 🟢)	6.878s (-62.3% 🟢)	0.202s (-4.2%)	7.429s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.548s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.653s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.035s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.659s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.060s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.401s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.712s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.330s	58	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.344s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.672s	30	2.06x
💻 Local	Express	1.398s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.017s (~)	0.619s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.459s	2.014s	0.000s	2.017s	0.557s	30	2.24x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.567s (+16.9% 🔺)	5.220s (+18.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+18.2% 🔺)	5.678s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.111s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.578s (-64.9% 🟢)	4.771s (-58.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	5.116s (-57.5% 🟢)	1.537s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.582s (-4.2%)	4.695s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-54.2% 🟢)	5.134s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.552s	12	1.00x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.286s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.994s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.047s (-5.9% 🟢)	0.760s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.287s (-27.3% 🟢)	1.994s (-8.5% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.008s (-8.7% 🟢)	0.720s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s	2.072s	0.000s	2.104s	0.611s	29	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.971s	3.471s	0.000s	3.479s	0.509s	18	2.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.082s (-9.0% 🟢)	3.777s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.001s (-6.2% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.700s	16	2.40x
💻 Local	Express	3.087s (-11.0% 🟢)	3.903s (-3.2%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.905s (-3.3%)	0.818s	16	2.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.848s (+4.1%)	7.199s (+3.1%)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	7.568s (~)	1.721s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.059s (+48.0% 🔺)	7.997s (+48.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.468s (+46.2% 🔺)	2.409s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.152s (+34.1% 🔺)	7.321s (+21.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.717s (+19.5% 🔺)	1.564s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	11/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	18/21
▲ Vercel	Express	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	20/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	19/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

⚠️Community world benchmarks failed (non-blocking):

• Community Worlds: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR stabilizes Windows Turbopack/SWC behavior in the monorepo by switching TypeScript sourcemap emission to inline sourcemaps across all workspace packages, avoiding external .js.map files that Turbopack mis-resolves on Windows and can crash the SWC worker.

Changes:

• Update the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json to emit inline sourcemaps (inlineSourceMap: true) and stop emitting external .js.map files (sourceMap: false).
• Remove now-redundant per-package sourcemap overrides from @workflow/core and workflow tsconfigs.
• Add a changeset describing the cross-workspace packaging/output change.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 4 out of 4 changed files in this pull request and generated 1 comment.

File	Description
packages/tsconfig/base.json	Centralizes inline sourcemap settings for all TS packages extending the base config.
packages/core/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
packages/workflow/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
.changeset/windows-inline-sourcemaps.md	Publishes patch bumps for many packages and documents the Windows Turbopack/SWC workaround.

---

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[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2103. (backport job run)

[TooTallNate]

Summary

Generalizes the inlineSourceMap: true tsconfig override that #352 previously applied only to @workflow/core (and later workflow) to the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json. All workspace packages that extend the base config now produce inline sourcemaps instead of external .js.map files.

Note

While investigating a flaky Windows E2E test I originally suspected this sourcemap read error:

ERROR failed to read input source map: failed to find input source map file \"index.js.map\" in
\"packages/serde/dist/index.js\" file as either \"packages/serde/dist\\\\index.js.map\" or with appended .map

…was the root cause. It's not — that message is a non-fatal Turbopack warning. The Windows CI flake is caused by something else (see the linked issue for follow-up investigation). Landing this PR still cleans up the warning noise and removes two one-off per-package overrides, but it will not stabilize the Windows E2E job on its own.

Why still land this

• Silences a noisy Turbopack warning that appears on every Windows run.
• Consolidates the sourcemap config in one place instead of duplicating it in @workflow/core and workflow.
• Published packages no longer ship external .js.map files (source is still embedded inline via inlineSources: true, so debugging experience is unchanged).
• .d.ts.map files are still produced (they aren't read by Turbopack's SWC sourcemap reader, only by IDEs for Go-to-Definition).

Testing

• Rebuilt @workflow/serde, @workflow/core, and workflow locally — .js.map files are no longer emitted; sourcemaps are embedded as sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,....
• pnpm typecheck and pnpm test pass for the affected packages.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 4c4d26e

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 25 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/ai	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/errors	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/serde	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/typescript-plugin	Patch
@workflow/utils	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.030s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.049s	1.006s	0.957s	10	1.62x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.051s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.012s (-3.0%)	0.961s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.052s	1.010s	0.958s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.054s (-7.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.958s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.247s (+4.9%)	2.217s (+3.8%)	1.970s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.265s (-35.3% 🟢)	2.313s (-7.8% 🟢)	2.048s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.284s (+12.8% 🔺)	1.990s (-14.7% 🟢)	1.706s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.069s (-5.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.083s (-5.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.927s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.083s (-5.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.925s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s	2.009s	0.906s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.106s	2.006s	0.900s	10	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.549s (-23.9% 🟢)	3.140s (-18.0% 🟢)	1.590s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.596s (-14.9% 🟢)	3.467s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.871s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.611s (-58.6% 🟢)	3.656s (-38.1% 🟢)	2.044s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.407s (-4.3%)	11.019s (~)	0.612s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.415s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.607s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.438s (-4.4%)	11.023s (~)	0.585s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.446s (-4.7%)	11.016s (~)	0.571s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.569s	11.018s	0.449s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.691s	11.022s	0.331s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.208s (-44.3% 🟢)	15.097s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.889s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.249s (-22.0% 🟢)	14.898s (-25.6% 🟢)	1.649s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.559s (-21.7% 🟢)	15.169s (-21.8% 🟢)	1.609s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	13.436s (-7.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.580s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.444s (-10.2% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.583s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.452s (-7.8% 🟢)	14.022s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.570s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.478s (-10.5% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.548s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.819s	14.020s	0.201s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.160s	15.032s	0.872s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	21.102s (-67.3% 🟢)	23.924s (-64.1% 🟢)	2.822s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.278s (-59.5% 🟢)	23.443s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.165s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.349s (-57.6% 🟢)	22.823s (-56.6% 🟢)	1.474s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	11.825s (-15.3% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.190s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	11.877s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.144s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.880s (-28.4% 🟢)	12.023s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.142s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.086s (-13.7% 🟢)	13.021s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.934s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.541s	13.018s	0.478s	7	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.052s	14.026s	0.974s	7	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.296s (-93.5% 🟢)	29.409s (-93.1% 🟢)	2.113s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.328s (-77.5% 🟢)	29.226s (-76.4% 🟢)	1.898s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.011s (-92.4% 🟢)	31.981s (-91.9% 🟢)	1.970s	3	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.146s (-10.1% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.861s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.169s (-28.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.837s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (-21.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.834s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.183s	2.007s	0.825s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.247s (-1.0%)	2.073s (+3.2%)	0.826s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.272s	2.007s	0.735s	15	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.421s (-15.3% 🟢)	3.781s (-18.2% 🟢)	1.360s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.450s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.381s (+1.4%)	1.931s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.453s (-27.8% 🟢)	3.971s (-19.5% 🟢)	1.518s	8	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.197s (-49.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.810s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.232s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.774s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s	2.007s	0.728s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.682s (-43.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.323s	15	1.41x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.741s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.005s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.264s	15	1.46x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.004s	2.469s	0.465s	13	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.207s (-20.9% 🟢)	4.838s (-18.3% 🟢)	1.631s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.225s (-10.9% 🟢)	4.809s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.584s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.221s (-40.6% 🟢)	5.799s (-34.9% 🟢)	1.578s	6	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.296s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.340s (-61.6% 🟢)	2.006s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.667s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.510s	2.008s	0.499s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.619s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.177s (-42.6% 🟢)	0.559s	6	3.56x
💻 Local	Express	4.766s (-42.8% 🟢)	5.347s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.580s	6	3.68x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.782s	6.213s	0.431s	5	4.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.842s (+65.7% 🔺)	7.742s (+39.9% 🔺)	1.900s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.398s (+50.9% 🔺)	8.120s (+32.5% 🔺)	1.722s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.265s (-18.5% 🟢)	8.764s (-20.0% 🟢)	1.499s	4	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.150s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.858s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (-8.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.852s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.169s	2.009s	0.840s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.301s	2.006s	0.705s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.391s (-25.4% 🟢)	2.005s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.614s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.411s (-25.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.595s	15	1.23x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.355s (-8.8% 🟢)	3.686s (-15.3% 🟢)	1.331s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.399s (-2.4%)	4.010s (-3.8%)	1.611s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.761s (-5.8% 🟢)	3.767s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.007s	8	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.195s (-48.9% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.813s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.214s (-48.2% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.794s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s	2.008s	0.717s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.916s (-38.8% 🟢)	2.317s (-38.4% 🟢)	0.401s	13	1.60x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.016s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.493s	12	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.199s	3.008s	0.809s	10	1.84x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.138s (-1.7%)	4.559s (-4.9%)	1.421s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.442s (+6.5% 🔺)	5.120s (+0.8%)	1.678s	7	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.489s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.828s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.340s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.308s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.698s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.329s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.678s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.503s	2.008s	0.505s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	5.510s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.847s (-36.9% 🟢)	0.337s	6	4.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.682s (-37.9% 🟢)	6.413s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.731s	5	4.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.613s	0.554s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.748s (-26.0% 🟢)	6.665s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.917s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.866s (-4.5%)	6.845s (~)	1.980s	5	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.025s (-25.6% 🟢)	6.762s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.737s	5	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.425s (-49.4% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.582s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.477s (-41.8% 🟢)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.546s	59	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.480s (-51.1% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.524s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.510s (-48.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.495s	60	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.006s	0.483s	60	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.740s	1.005s	0.264s	60	1.74x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.483s (-79.7% 🟢)	6.553s (-72.7% 🟢)	2.070s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.675s (-75.4% 🟢)	6.097s (-71.4% 🟢)	1.422s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.065s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.310s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.245s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.014s (-48.7% 🟢)	1.482s (-34.4% 🟢)	0.468s	61	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.062s (-44.9% 🟢)	1.575s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.513s	58	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (-59.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.777s	45	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s	2.007s	0.755s	45	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.287s (-57.6% 🟢)	2.123s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.835s	43	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.787s	2.028s	0.241s	45	1.76x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.353s (-67.1% 🟢)	13.355s (-63.7% 🟢)	2.002s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11.615s (-70.6% 🟢)	13.753s (-66.7% 🟢)	2.139s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.225s (-75.5% 🟢)	14.443s (-72.1% 🟢)	2.218s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.984s (-51.7% 🟢)	2.315s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.331s	52	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.019s (-49.4% 🟢)	2.457s (-43.8% 🟢)	0.438s	49	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.454s	3.008s	0.555s	40	1.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.669s (-71.3% 🟢)	3.008s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.339s	40	1.35x
💻 Local	Express	2.726s (-70.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.281s	40	1.37x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.842s	4.041s	0.200s	30	1.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	25.412s (-80.5% 🟢)	27.829s (-78.9% 🟢)	2.417s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	25.444s (-73.7% 🟢)	27.831s (-71.7% 🟢)	2.388s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.684s (-73.2% 🟢)	30.374s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.690s	4	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.174s (-38.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.832s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.827s	60	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.213s	1.006s	0.793s	60	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.394s (-34.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.610s	60	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.429s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.576s	60	2.47x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.533s	1.005s	0.472s	60	3.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.103s (+7.6% 🔺)	3.688s (+1.4%)	1.584s	17	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.296s (+38.2% 🔺)	4.047s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.751s	15	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.352s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.615s (-4.7%)	1.264s	17	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.284s (-42.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.721s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.300s (-41.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.706s	90	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.374s	1.006s	0.632s	90	1.32x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.145s (-15.5% 🟢)	2.686s (-10.7% 🟢)	0.541s	34	7.55x
💻 Local	Express	2.158s (-14.1% 🟢)	2.736s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.578s	33	7.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.349s	3.043s	0.694s	30	8.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.246s (+72.2% 🔺)	6.731s (+40.0% 🔺)	1.485s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.301s (+64.3% 🔺)	7.391s (+53.3% 🔺)	2.090s	13	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.732s (+62.1% 🔺)	7.160s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.429s	13	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.593s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.412s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.617s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.389s	120	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.761s	1.006s	0.245s	120	1.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.995s (-10.7% 🟢)	10.527s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.532s	12	16.86x
💻 Local	Express	10.206s (-8.8% 🟢)	10.527s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.321s	12	17.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.844s	11.391s	0.547s	11	18.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.164s (+27.5% 🔺)	14.929s (+21.5% 🔺)	1.765s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.073s (+130.1% 🔺)	18.643s (+101.7% 🔺)	1.571s	7	1.30x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	19.534s (+152.9% 🔺)	21.803s (+131.9% 🔺)	2.269s	6	1.48x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.129s (+450.7% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-40.0% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.132s (+429.8% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-1.6%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.887s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.135s (+470.0% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.883s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (+463.7% 🔺)	1.995s (+99.7% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.838s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.184s	2.004s	0.013s	2.020s	0.836s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.336s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.572s (+63.6% 🔺)	5.309s (-5.0% 🟢)	3.180s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.146s (-68.7% 🟢)	3.081s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.001s (+216.7% 🔺)	5.470s (-44.1% 🟢)	3.324s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.358s (-38.5% 🟢)	3.359s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.737s (+134.1% 🔺)	5.750s (-11.3% 🟢)	3.392s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.497s (+139.8% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-1.7%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.529s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.523s (+141.8% 🔺)	2.000s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.004s (+3.6%)	2.025s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.501s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.525s (+101.4% 🔺)	2.011s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.010s (+4.8%)	2.023s (+94.6% 🔺)	0.498s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.626s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.399s	30	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.693s	2.012s	0.010s	2.025s	0.332s	30	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.711s (+104.0% 🔺)	2.013s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.010s (+2.1%)	2.204s (+97.5% 🔺)	0.492s	28	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.636s (-13.4% 🟢)	6.746s (-15.8% 🟢)	0.286s (-29.9% 🟢)	7.415s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.779s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.755s (-80.5% 🟢)	7.419s (-75.9% 🟢)	0.168s (+49.9% 🔺)	8.047s (-74.7% 🟢)	2.292s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.881s (-65.2% 🟢)	6.878s (-62.3% 🟢)	0.202s (-4.2%)	7.429s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.548s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.653s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.035s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.659s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.060s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.401s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.712s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.330s	58	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.344s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.672s	30	2.06x
💻 Local	Express	1.398s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.017s (~)	0.619s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.459s	2.014s	0.000s	2.017s	0.557s	30	2.24x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.567s (+16.9% 🔺)	5.220s (+18.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+18.2% 🔺)	5.678s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.111s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.578s (-64.9% 🟢)	4.771s (-58.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	5.116s (-57.5% 🟢)	1.537s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.582s (-4.2%)	4.695s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-54.2% 🟢)	5.134s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.552s	12	1.00x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.286s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.994s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.047s (-5.9% 🟢)	0.760s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.287s (-27.3% 🟢)	1.994s (-8.5% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.008s (-8.7% 🟢)	0.720s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s	2.072s	0.000s	2.104s	0.611s	29	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.971s	3.471s	0.000s	3.479s	0.509s	18	2.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.082s (-9.0% 🟢)	3.777s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.001s (-6.2% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.700s	16	2.40x
💻 Local	Express	3.087s (-11.0% 🟢)	3.903s (-3.2%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.905s (-3.3%)	0.818s	16	2.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.848s (+4.1%)	7.199s (+3.1%)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	7.568s (~)	1.721s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.059s (+48.0% 🔺)	7.997s (+48.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.468s (+46.2% 🔺)	2.409s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.152s (+34.1% 🔺)	7.321s (+21.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.717s (+19.5% 🔺)	1.564s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	11/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	18/21
▲ Vercel	Express	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	20/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	19/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

⚠️Community world benchmarks failed (non-blocking):

• Community Worlds: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR stabilizes Windows Turbopack/SWC behavior in the monorepo by switching TypeScript sourcemap emission to inline sourcemaps across all workspace packages, avoiding external .js.map files that Turbopack mis-resolves on Windows and can crash the SWC worker.

Changes:

• Update the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json to emit inline sourcemaps (inlineSourceMap: true) and stop emitting external .js.map files (sourceMap: false).
• Remove now-redundant per-package sourcemap overrides from @workflow/core and workflow tsconfigs.
• Add a changeset describing the cross-workspace packaging/output change.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 4 out of 4 changed files in this pull request and generated 1 comment.

File	Description
packages/tsconfig/base.json	Centralizes inline sourcemap settings for all TS packages extending the base config.
packages/core/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
packages/workflow/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
.changeset/windows-inline-sourcemaps.md	Publishes patch bumps for many packages and documents the Windows Turbopack/SWC workaround.

---

💡 Add Copilot custom instructions for smarter, more guided reviews. Learn how to get started.

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2103. (backport job run)

[TooTallNate]

Summary

Generalizes the inlineSourceMap: true tsconfig override that #352 previously applied only to @workflow/core (and later workflow) to the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json. All workspace packages that extend the base config now produce inline sourcemaps instead of external .js.map files.

Note

While investigating a flaky Windows E2E test I originally suspected this sourcemap read error:

ERROR failed to read input source map: failed to find input source map file \"index.js.map\" in
\"packages/serde/dist/index.js\" file as either \"packages/serde/dist\\\\index.js.map\" or with appended .map

…was the root cause. It's not — that message is a non-fatal Turbopack warning. The Windows CI flake is caused by something else (see the linked issue for follow-up investigation). Landing this PR still cleans up the warning noise and removes two one-off per-package overrides, but it will not stabilize the Windows E2E job on its own.

Why still land this

• Silences a noisy Turbopack warning that appears on every Windows run.
• Consolidates the sourcemap config in one place instead of duplicating it in @workflow/core and workflow.
• Published packages no longer ship external .js.map files (source is still embedded inline via inlineSources: true, so debugging experience is unchanged).
• .d.ts.map files are still produced (they aren't read by Turbopack's SWC sourcemap reader, only by IDEs for Go-to-Definition).

Testing

• Rebuilt @workflow/serde, @workflow/core, and workflow locally — .js.map files are no longer emitted; sourcemaps are embedded as sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,....
• pnpm typecheck and pnpm test pass for the affected packages.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 4c4d26e

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 25 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/ai	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/errors	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/serde	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/typescript-plugin	Patch
@workflow/utils	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/world	Patch
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 23, 2026 7:46am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.030s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.049s	1.006s	0.957s	10	1.62x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.051s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.012s (-3.0%)	0.961s	10	1.69x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.052s	1.010s	0.958s	10	1.74x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.054s (-7.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.958s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.247s (+4.9%)	2.217s (+3.8%)	1.970s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.265s (-35.3% 🟢)	2.313s (-7.8% 🟢)	2.048s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.284s (+12.8% 🔺)	1.990s (-14.7% 🟢)	1.706s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.069s (-5.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.937s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.083s (-5.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.927s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.083s (-5.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.925s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s	2.009s	0.906s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.106s	2.006s	0.900s	10	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.549s (-23.9% 🟢)	3.140s (-18.0% 🟢)	1.590s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.596s (-14.9% 🟢)	3.467s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.871s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.611s (-58.6% 🟢)	3.656s (-38.1% 🟢)	2.044s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.407s (-4.3%)	11.019s (~)	0.612s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.415s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.607s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.438s (-4.4%)	11.023s (~)	0.585s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.446s (-4.7%)	11.016s (~)	0.571s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.569s	11.018s	0.449s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.691s	11.022s	0.331s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.208s (-44.3% 🟢)	15.097s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.889s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.249s (-22.0% 🟢)	14.898s (-25.6% 🟢)	1.649s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.559s (-21.7% 🟢)	15.169s (-21.8% 🟢)	1.609s	2	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	13.436s (-7.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.580s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.444s (-10.2% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.583s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.452s (-7.8% 🟢)	14.022s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.570s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.478s (-10.5% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.548s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.819s	14.020s	0.201s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.160s	15.032s	0.872s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	21.102s (-67.3% 🟢)	23.924s (-64.1% 🟢)	2.822s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.278s (-59.5% 🟢)	23.443s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.165s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.349s (-57.6% 🟢)	22.823s (-56.6% 🟢)	1.474s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	11.825s (-15.3% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.190s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	11.877s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.144s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.880s (-28.4% 🟢)	12.023s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.142s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.086s (-13.7% 🟢)	13.021s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.934s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.541s	13.018s	0.478s	7	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.052s	14.026s	0.974s	7	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.296s (-93.5% 🟢)	29.409s (-93.1% 🟢)	2.113s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.328s (-77.5% 🟢)	29.226s (-76.4% 🟢)	1.898s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	30.011s (-92.4% 🟢)	31.981s (-91.9% 🟢)	1.970s	3	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.146s (-10.1% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.861s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.169s (-28.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.837s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (-21.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.834s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.183s	2.007s	0.825s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.247s (-1.0%)	2.073s (+3.2%)	0.826s	15	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.272s	2.007s	0.735s	15	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.421s (-15.3% 🟢)	3.781s (-18.2% 🟢)	1.360s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.450s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.381s (+1.4%)	1.931s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.453s (-27.8% 🟢)	3.971s (-19.5% 🟢)	1.518s	8	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.197s (-49.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.810s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.232s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.774s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s	2.007s	0.728s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.682s (-43.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.323s	15	1.41x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.741s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.005s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.264s	15	1.46x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.004s	2.469s	0.465s	13	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.207s (-20.9% 🟢)	4.838s (-18.3% 🟢)	1.631s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.225s (-10.9% 🟢)	4.809s (-5.9% 🟢)	1.584s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.221s (-40.6% 🟢)	5.799s (-34.9% 🟢)	1.578s	6	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.296s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.340s (-61.6% 🟢)	2.006s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.667s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.510s	2.008s	0.499s	15	1.16x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.619s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.177s (-42.6% 🟢)	0.559s	6	3.56x
💻 Local	Express	4.766s (-42.8% 🟢)	5.347s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.580s	6	3.68x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.782s	6.213s	0.431s	5	4.46x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.842s (+65.7% 🔺)	7.742s (+39.9% 🔺)	1.900s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.398s (+50.9% 🔺)	8.120s (+32.5% 🔺)	1.722s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.265s (-18.5% 🟢)	8.764s (-20.0% 🟢)	1.499s	4	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.150s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.858s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (-8.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.852s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.169s	2.009s	0.840s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.301s	2.006s	0.705s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.391s (-25.4% 🟢)	2.005s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.614s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.411s (-25.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.595s	15	1.23x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.355s (-8.8% 🟢)	3.686s (-15.3% 🟢)	1.331s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.399s (-2.4%)	4.010s (-3.8%)	1.611s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.761s (-5.8% 🟢)	3.767s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.007s	8	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.195s (-48.9% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.813s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.214s (-48.2% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.794s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.290s	2.008s	0.717s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.916s (-38.8% 🟢)	2.317s (-38.4% 🟢)	0.401s	13	1.60x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.016s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.493s	12	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.199s	3.008s	0.809s	10	1.84x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.138s (-1.7%)	4.559s (-4.9%)	1.421s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.442s (+6.5% 🔺)	5.120s (+0.8%)	1.678s	7	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.489s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.828s (+6.8% 🔺)	1.340s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.308s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.698s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.329s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.678s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.503s	2.008s	0.505s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	5.510s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.847s (-36.9% 🟢)	0.337s	6	4.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.682s (-37.9% 🟢)	6.413s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.731s	5	4.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.613s	0.554s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.748s (-26.0% 🟢)	6.665s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.917s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.866s (-4.5%)	6.845s (~)	1.980s	5	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.025s (-25.6% 🟢)	6.762s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.737s	5	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.425s (-49.4% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.582s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.477s (-41.8% 🟢)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.546s	59	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.480s (-51.1% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.524s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.510s (-48.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.495s	60	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.524s	1.006s	0.483s	60	1.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.740s	1.005s	0.264s	60	1.74x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.483s (-79.7% 🟢)	6.553s (-72.7% 🟢)	2.070s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.675s (-75.4% 🟢)	6.097s (-71.4% 🟢)	1.422s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.065s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.310s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.245s	10	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.014s (-48.7% 🟢)	1.482s (-34.4% 🟢)	0.468s	61	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.062s (-44.9% 🟢)	1.575s (-25.0% 🟢)	0.513s	58	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.229s (-59.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.777s	45	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.252s	2.007s	0.755s	45	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.287s (-57.6% 🟢)	2.123s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.835s	43	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.787s	2.028s	0.241s	45	1.76x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.353s (-67.1% 🟢)	13.355s (-63.7% 🟢)	2.002s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11.615s (-70.6% 🟢)	13.753s (-66.7% 🟢)	2.139s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.225s (-75.5% 🟢)	14.443s (-72.1% 🟢)	2.218s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.984s (-51.7% 🟢)	2.315s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.331s	52	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.019s (-49.4% 🟢)	2.457s (-43.8% 🟢)	0.438s	49	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.454s	3.008s	0.555s	40	1.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.669s (-71.3% 🟢)	3.008s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.339s	40	1.35x
💻 Local	Express	2.726s (-70.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.281s	40	1.37x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.842s	4.041s	0.200s	30	1.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	25.412s (-80.5% 🟢)	27.829s (-78.9% 🟢)	2.417s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	25.444s (-73.7% 🟢)	27.831s (-71.7% 🟢)	2.388s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.684s (-73.2% 🟢)	30.374s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.690s	4	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.174s (-38.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.832s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.827s	60	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.213s	1.006s	0.793s	60	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.394s (-34.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.610s	60	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.429s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.576s	60	2.47x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.533s	1.005s	0.472s	60	3.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.103s (+7.6% 🔺)	3.688s (+1.4%)	1.584s	17	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.296s (+38.2% 🔺)	4.047s (+20.8% 🔺)	1.751s	15	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.352s (+16.3% 🔺)	3.615s (-4.7%)	1.264s	17	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.284s (-42.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.721s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.300s (-41.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.706s	90	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.374s	1.006s	0.632s	90	1.32x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.145s (-15.5% 🟢)	2.686s (-10.7% 🟢)	0.541s	34	7.55x
💻 Local	Express	2.158s (-14.1% 🟢)	2.736s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.578s	33	7.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.349s	3.043s	0.694s	30	8.27x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.246s (+72.2% 🔺)	6.731s (+40.0% 🔺)	1.485s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.301s (+64.3% 🔺)	7.391s (+53.3% 🔺)	2.090s	13	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.732s (+62.1% 🔺)	7.160s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.429s	13	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.593s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.412s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.617s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.389s	120	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.761s	1.006s	0.245s	120	1.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.995s (-10.7% 🟢)	10.527s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.532s	12	16.86x
💻 Local	Express	10.206s (-8.8% 🟢)	10.527s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.321s	12	17.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.844s	11.391s	0.547s	11	18.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.164s (+27.5% 🔺)	14.929s (+21.5% 🔺)	1.765s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	17.073s (+130.1% 🔺)	18.643s (+101.7% 🔺)	1.571s	7	1.30x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	19.534s (+152.9% 🔺)	21.803s (+131.9% 🔺)	2.269s	6	1.48x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.129s (+450.7% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-40.0% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.880s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.132s (+429.8% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-1.6%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.887s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.135s (+470.0% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.883s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.156s (+463.7% 🔺)	1.995s (+99.7% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.838s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.184s	2.004s	0.013s	2.020s	0.836s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.336s (-18.5% 🟢)	1.572s (+63.6% 🔺)	5.309s (-5.0% 🟢)	3.180s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.146s (-68.7% 🟢)	3.081s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.001s (+216.7% 🔺)	5.470s (-44.1% 🟢)	3.324s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.358s (-38.5% 🟢)	3.359s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.737s (+134.1% 🔺)	5.750s (-11.3% 🟢)	3.392s	10	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.497s (+139.8% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-1.7%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.529s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.523s (+141.8% 🔺)	2.000s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.004s (+3.6%)	2.025s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.501s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.525s (+101.4% 🔺)	2.011s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.010s (+4.8%)	2.023s (+94.6% 🔺)	0.498s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.626s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.399s	30	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.693s	2.012s	0.010s	2.025s	0.332s	30	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.711s (+104.0% 🔺)	2.013s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.010s (+2.1%)	2.204s (+97.5% 🔺)	0.492s	28	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.636s (-13.4% 🟢)	6.746s (-15.8% 🟢)	0.286s (-29.9% 🟢)	7.415s (-16.1% 🟢)	1.779s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.755s (-80.5% 🟢)	7.419s (-75.9% 🟢)	0.168s (+49.9% 🔺)	8.047s (-74.7% 🟢)	2.292s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.881s (-65.2% 🟢)	6.878s (-62.3% 🟢)	0.202s (-4.2%)	7.429s (-60.8% 🟢)	1.548s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.653s (-32.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	1.035s (-20.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.659s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.060s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.401s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.712s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.330s	58	1.09x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.344s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.672s	30	2.06x
💻 Local	Express	1.398s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.017s (~)	0.619s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.459s	2.014s	0.000s	2.017s	0.557s	30	2.24x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.567s (+16.9% 🔺)	5.220s (+18.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+18.2% 🔺)	5.678s (+18.1% 🔺)	2.111s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.578s (-64.9% 🟢)	4.771s (-58.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	5.116s (-57.5% 🟢)	1.537s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.582s (-4.2%)	4.695s (-8.0% 🟢)	0.000s (-54.2% 🟢)	5.134s (-7.2% 🟢)	1.552s	12	1.00x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.286s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.994s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.047s (-5.9% 🟢)	0.760s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.287s (-27.3% 🟢)	1.994s (-8.5% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.008s (-8.7% 🟢)	0.720s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.493s	2.072s	0.000s	2.104s	0.611s	29	1.16x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.971s	3.471s	0.000s	3.479s	0.509s	18	2.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.082s (-9.0% 🟢)	3.777s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.001s (-6.2% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.700s	16	2.40x
💻 Local	Express	3.087s (-11.0% 🟢)	3.903s (-3.2%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.905s (-3.3%)	0.818s	16	2.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.848s (+4.1%)	7.199s (+3.1%)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	7.568s (~)	1.721s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.059s (+48.0% 🔺)	7.997s (+48.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.468s (+46.2% 🔺)	2.409s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.152s (+34.1% 🔺)	7.321s (+21.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.717s (+19.5% 🔺)	1.564s	8	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	11/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	18/21
▲ Vercel	Express	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	20/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	19/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

⚠️Community world benchmarks failed (non-blocking):

• Community Worlds: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

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[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR stabilizes Windows Turbopack/SWC behavior in the monorepo by switching TypeScript sourcemap emission to inline sourcemaps across all workspace packages, avoiding external .js.map files that Turbopack mis-resolves on Windows and can crash the SWC worker.

Changes:

• Update the shared @workflow/tsconfig/base.json to emit inline sourcemaps (inlineSourceMap: true) and stop emitting external .js.map files (sourceMap: false).
• Remove now-redundant per-package sourcemap overrides from @workflow/core and workflow tsconfigs.
• Add a changeset describing the cross-workspace packaging/output change.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 4 out of 4 changed files in this pull request and generated 1 comment.

File	Description
packages/tsconfig/base.json	Centralizes inline sourcemap settings for all TS packages extending the base config.
packages/core/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
packages/workflow/tsconfig.json	Drops per-package sourcemap overrides now covered by the base config.
.changeset/windows-inline-sourcemaps.md	Publishes patch bumps for many packages and documents the Windows Turbopack/SWC workaround.

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[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2103. (backport job run)