[CI] Run e2e for #1902 (Zod 4.4.x fix)

[TooTallNate]

Draft PR to run the full CI matrix on the changes from #1902 (fork PR from @ziyak97). PRs from forks don't run e2e jobs by default; this branch is the same commits pushed to the upstream repo so the CI workflows fire.

Do not merge. Closes when CI is finished and #1902 is merged via its own path.

• Source PR: Fix compatibility with Zod 4.4.x #1902
• Source branch: ziyak97:main
• Source HEAD: fe5d16a9510093660b81a2f50d796f72eb7ffdf1

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[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	903	0	219	1122
✅ 💻 Local Development	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 📦 Local Production	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🪟 Windows	102	0	0	102
✅ 📋 Other	538	0	176	714
Total	5170	0	1052	6222

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	76	0	26
✅ example	76	0	26
✅ express	76	0	26
✅ fastify	76	0	26
✅ hono	76	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	100	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	100	0	2
✅ nitro	76	0	26
✅ nuxt	76	0	26
✅ sveltekit	95	0	7
✅ vite	76	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	102	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	76	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.040s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.012s (+0.7%)	0.972s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.041s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.968s	10	1.35x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.046s (-52.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-2.9%)	0.967s	10	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.65x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s	1.005s	0.947s	10	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.014s	0.955s	10	1.90x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.121s	1.007s	0.886s	10	3.95x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.251s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.116s (-15.7% 🟢)	1.864s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.253s (+7.4% 🔺)	2.251s (+5.4% 🔺)	1.998s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.624s (+148.0% 🔺)	2.639s (+13.1% 🔺)	2.015s	10	2.48x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.936s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.073s (-4.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.934s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.926s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.085s (-4.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.923s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.110s	2.006s	0.896s	10	1.04x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.113s	2.006s	0.893s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.115s	2.010s	0.894s	10	1.04x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.171s	2.008s	0.837s	10	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.550s (-17.3% 🟢)	4.255s (+11.8% 🔺)	2.704s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.090s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.178s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.089s	10	1.35x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.291s (+61.7% 🔺)	4.965s (+29.6% 🔺)	1.674s	10	2.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.398s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.022s (~)	0.624s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.415s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.017s (~)	0.602s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.425s (-4.6%)	11.022s (~)	0.597s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.445s (-3.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.573s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.641s	11.023s	0.382s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.676s	11.022s	0.346s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.686s	11.017s	0.331s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.780s	11.015s	0.235s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.493s (-20.5% 🟢)	15.501s (-22.6% 🟢)	2.007s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	13.680s (-42.4% 🟢)	15.036s (-40.1% 🟢)	1.356s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.385s (-11.2% 🟢)	16.897s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.512s	2	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.477s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.539s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.484s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.017s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.533s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.490s (-9.9% 🟢)	14.026s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.491s (-10.4% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.036s	14.428s	0.391s	5	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.174s	15.016s	0.843s	4	1.05x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.186s	15.018s	0.832s	4	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.263s	15.029s	0.766s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	20.739s (-58.8% 🟢)	22.736s (-56.7% 🟢)	1.997s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.013s (-67.4% 🟢)	22.739s (-65.9% 🟢)	1.726s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	22.499s (-57.2% 🟢)	24.372s (-55.4% 🟢)	1.873s	3	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.867s (-29.3% 🟢)	12.022s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.155s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	11.912s (-14.7% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.102s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.968s (-27.9% 🟢)	12.273s (-27.9% 🟢)	0.305s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.010s (-14.3% 🟢)	12.641s (-13.4% 🟢)	0.631s	8	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.942s	13.311s	0.369s	7	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.173s	14.027s	0.854s	7	1.11x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.246s	14.019s	0.773s	7	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.334s	14.017s	0.682s	7	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	33.006s (-92.2% 🟢)	35.132s (-91.7% 🟢)	2.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.144s (-72.7% 🟢)	35.491s (-71.3% 🟢)	2.347s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	34.228s (-91.3% 🟢)	36.629s (-90.7% 🟢)	2.400s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.143s (-10.3% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.864s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.183s (-27.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.823s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	1.187s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.820s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.212s	2.007s	0.794s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.238s	2.006s	0.768s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.278s	2.006s	0.728s	15	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.038s	3.007s	0.969s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.351s (-16.6% 🟢)	3.897s (-9.8% 🟢)	1.546s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.413s (-15.6% 🟢)	4.305s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.892s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.860s (+72.5% 🔺)	7.645s (+55.0% 🔺)	1.785s	4	2.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.217s (-48.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.789s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.228s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.780s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.008s	0.651s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.689s (-46.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.317s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.805s	2.073s	0.267s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	1.819s (-38.4% 🟢)	2.074s (-40.0% 🟢)	0.255s	15	1.49x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.359s	3.008s	0.649s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.583s	4.008s	0.425s	8	2.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.237s (-10.5% 🟢)	5.377s (+5.2% 🔺)	2.140s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.231s (+4.4%)	5.751s (-2.9%)	1.521s	6	1.31x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.150s (-27.5% 🟢)	6.921s (-22.3% 🟢)	1.772s	5	1.59x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.311s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.695s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.375s (-60.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.633s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.641s	2.008s	0.367s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.581s	4.010s	0.429s	8	2.73x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.487s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.011s (-44.4% 🟢)	0.524s	7	3.42x
💻 Local	Express	5.220s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.680s (-37.1% 🟢)	0.460s	6	3.98x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.566s	6.013s	0.447s	5	4.24x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.310s	7.011s	0.702s	5	4.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.711s (+62.0% 🔺)	7.260s (+31.2% 🔺)	1.549s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.242s (-30.0% 🟢)	8.377s (-23.6% 🟢)	2.135s	4	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.383s (+50.5% 🔺)	8.807s (+43.7% 🔺)	2.424s	4	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.136s (-9.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.871s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.208s	2.008s	0.799s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.006s	0.780s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.006s	0.670s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.379s (-26.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.627s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.439s (-24.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.566s	15	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.032s	2.826s	0.794s	11	1.79x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.312s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.680s (-11.7% 🟢)	1.368s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.451s (-5.1% 🟢)	4.517s (+3.9%)	2.067s	7	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.175s (+42.4% 🔺)	6.495s (+39.9% 🔺)	2.320s	5	1.81x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.206s (-48.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.4% 🟢)	0.801s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.238s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.771s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.349s	2.008s	0.659s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	2.060s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.591s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.531s	12	1.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.084s (-32.0% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.424s	12	1.73x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.189s	3.008s	0.818s	10	1.82x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.008s	0.667s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.567s	4.007s	0.440s	8	2.96x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.385s (+4.7%)	5.067s (~)	1.682s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.396s (+6.4% 🔺)	5.511s (+15.0% 🔺)	2.115s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.150s (+95.7% 🔺)	8.087s (+78.8% 🔺)	1.937s	4	1.82x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.302s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.706s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.363s (-60.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.645s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.010s	0.388s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.620s	4.010s	0.389s	8	2.78x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.964s (-45.7% 🟢)	5.515s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.550s	6	3.81x
💻 Local	Express	5.776s (-34.4% 🟢)	6.347s (-31.6% 🟢)	0.571s	6	4.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.414s	0.355s	5	4.65x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.279s	7.009s	0.730s	5	4.82x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.696s (-7.8% 🟢)	6.454s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.758s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.142s (-19.9% 🟢)	7.214s (-11.8% 🟢)	2.072s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.952s (-11.9% 🟢)	8.418s (-1.5%)	2.467s	4	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.432s (-48.5% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.574s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.456s (-44.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.550s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.489s (-50.3% 🟢)	1.004s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.515s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.517s (-47.3% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.504s	59	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.689s	1.006s	0.317s	60	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.731s	1.005s	0.275s	60	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.778s	1.022s	0.243s	59	1.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.774s (-78.4% 🟢)	6.355s (-73.5% 🟢)	1.582s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.794s (-74.8% 🟢)	6.872s (-67.8% 🟢)	2.078s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.695s (-53.8% 🟢)	9.111s (-43.4% 🟢)	2.415s	7	1.40x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.031s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.705s (-18.8% 🟢)	0.674s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.077s (-45.5% 🟢)	1.771s (-21.6% 🟢)	0.693s	51	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.172s (-61.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.834s	45	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.226s (-59.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.780s	45	1.19x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.482s	2.006s	0.523s	45	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.647s	2.008s	0.361s	45	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.821s	2.007s	0.186s	45	1.77x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.823s	2.028s	0.205s	45	1.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	12.153s (-64.8% 🟢)	14.696s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.543s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.252s (-69.0% 🟢)	13.974s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.722s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.413s (-69.1% 🟢)	18.393s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.980s	5	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.065s (-49.7% 🟢)	2.603s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.538s	47	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.070s (-48.1% 🟢)	2.527s (-42.2% 🟢)	0.457s	48	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.662s (-71.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.345s	40	1.29x
💻 Local	Express	2.770s (-69.9% 🟢)	3.084s (-69.2% 🟢)	0.314s	39	1.34x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.040s	3.396s	0.356s	36	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.207s	4.009s	0.802s	30	1.55x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.864s	4.008s	0.144s	30	1.87x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.139s	5.011s	0.873s	24	2.00x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	36.800s (-62.0% 🟢)	38.948s (-60.4% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	36.907s (-71.6% 🟢)	39.330s (-70.2% 🟢)	2.423s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.991s (-58.9% 🟢)	46.701s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.710s	3	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.174s (-38.2% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.831s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.186s (-34.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.820s	60	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.235s	1.006s	0.771s	60	1.35x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.248s	1.004s	0.756s	60	1.42x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.438s (-27.6% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.566s	60	2.51x
💻 Local	Express	0.446s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.558s	60	2.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.592s	1.005s	0.413s	60	3.39x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.030s	1.720s	0.691s	35	5.90x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.170s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.175s (+14.8% 🔺)	2.005s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.353s (+41.7% 🔺)	4.179s (+24.7% 🔺)	1.826s	15	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.757s (+85.8% 🔺)	5.657s (+49.1% 🔺)	1.900s	11	1.73x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.289s (-43.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.717s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.313s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.693s	90	1.08x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.407s	1.004s	0.597s	90	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.455s	1.006s	0.551s	90	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-13.4% 🟢)	2.797s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.598s	33	7.61x
💻 Local	Express	2.256s (-10.2% 🟢)	2.883s (-4.2%)	0.627s	32	7.81x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.531s	3.113s	0.582s	29	8.77x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.594s	3.006s	0.412s	30	8.98x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.298s (+106.7% 🔺)	8.243s (+71.5% 🔺)	1.945s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.890s (+94.9% 🔺)	9.156s (+76.3% 🔺)	2.266s	11	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.302s (+157.4% 🔺)	10.146s (+110.4% 🔺)	1.844s	9	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.580s (-29.1% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.2%)	0.425s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.632s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.374s	120	1.09x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.755s	1.004s	0.249s	120	1.30x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.940s	1.232s	0.292s	98	1.62x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.361s	6.012s	0.651s	20	9.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.844s (-12.0% 🟢)	10.448s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.604s	12	16.96x
💻 Local	Express	10.178s (-9.0% 🟢)	10.858s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.680s	12	17.54x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	11.437s	12.032s	0.595s	10	19.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	22.622s (+119.0% 🔺)	25.000s (+103.5% 🔺)	2.378s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	23.086s (+211.1% 🔺)	25.434s (+175.1% 🔺)	2.348s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.723s (+220.1% 🔺)	26.737s (+184.4% 🔺)	2.015s	5	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.132s (+468.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (+2.5%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.888s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.135s (+453.6% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.876s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.140s (+433.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-17.6% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.878s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (+459.0% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.3% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.863s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.819s	10	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.195s	2.003s	0.013s	2.020s	0.824s	10	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.712s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.527s (+59.0% 🔺)	5.739s (+2.7%)	3.610s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.182s (-43.1% 🟢)	3.059s (-42.0% 🟢)	1.920s (+158.7% 🔺)	5.378s (-17.1% 🟢)	3.196s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.846s (-29.3% 🟢)	5.106s (-41.0% 🟢)	0.694s (+9.8% 🔺)	7.636s (-22.0% 🟢)	2.789s	10	2.28x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.508s (+139.4% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.4% 🔺)	0.003s (-16.5% 🟢)	2.022s (+97.6% 🔺)	0.514s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.515s (+80.6% 🔺)	2.012s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.011s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.025s (+81.4% 🔺)	0.510s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.523s (+144.0% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-14.6% 🟢)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.503s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.538s (+103.2% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.484s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.674s	2.009s	0.004s	2.025s	0.351s	30	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.683s	2.009s	0.011s	2.024s	0.341s	30	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.976s (-8.1% 🟢)	7.556s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.314s (-23.1% 🟢)	8.520s (-3.6%)	2.543s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.052s (-79.4% 🟢)	7.327s (-76.2% 🟢)	0.322s (+187.8% 🔺)	8.197s (-74.2% 🟢)	2.145s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.951s (-23.4% 🟢)	14.331s (-21.4% 🟢)	0.308s (+45.8% 🔺)	16.231s (-14.3% 🟢)	3.280s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.652s (-32.7% 🟢)	1.010s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.034s (-17.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.661s (-31.2% 🟢)	1.034s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+21.1% 🔺)	1.056s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.395s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.775s	1.053s	0.000s	1.067s	0.291s	57	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	1.351s (+10.3% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.018s (~)	0.667s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.362s (+11.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.656s	30	2.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.446s	2.013s	0.000s	2.017s	0.571s	30	2.22x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.538s (+16.0% 🔺)	4.625s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+8.3% 🔺)	5.175s (+7.6% 🔺)	1.637s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.999s (+6.9% 🔺)	5.664s (+11.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.289s (+13.7% 🔺)	2.290s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.295s (-26.9% 🟢)	2.069s (-5.0%)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.082s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.788s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.384s (-22.7% 🟢)	2.098s (-2.0%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.729s	29	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.144s	0.000s	2.169s	0.548s	28	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.748s	3.287s	0.000s	3.295s	0.546s	19	2.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.974s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.780s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.807s	16	2.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.261s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.966s (-1.7%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.970s (-1.7%)	0.709s	16	2.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.771s (+41.0% 🔺)	6.937s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-59.3% 🟢)	7.363s (+27.1% 🔺)	1.592s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.885s (+28.3% 🔺)	7.527s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.060s (+24.8% 🔺)	2.174s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.617s (+53.4% 🔺)	9.364s (+34.1% 🔺)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	10.407s (+38.0% 🔺)	1.790s	6	1.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	15/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	11/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Draft PR to run the full CI matrix on the changes from #1902 (fork PR from @ziyak97). PRs from forks don't run e2e jobs by default; this branch is the same commits pushed to the upstream repo so the CI workflows fire.

Do not merge. Closes when CI is finished and #1902 is merged via its own path.

• Source PR: Fix compatibility with Zod 4.4.x #1902
• Source branch: ziyak97:main
• Source HEAD: fe5d16a9510093660b81a2f50d796f72eb7ffdf1

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
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🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	903	0	219	1122
✅ 💻 Local Development	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 📦 Local Production	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🪟 Windows	102	0	0	102
✅ 📋 Other	538	0	176	714
Total	5170	0	1052	6222

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	76	0	26
✅ example	76	0	26
✅ express	76	0	26
✅ fastify	76	0	26
✅ hono	76	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	100	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	100	0	2
✅ nitro	76	0	26
✅ nuxt	76	0	26
✅ sveltekit	95	0	7
✅ vite	76	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	102	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	76	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.040s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.012s (+0.7%)	0.972s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.041s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.968s	10	1.35x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.046s (-52.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-2.9%)	0.967s	10	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.65x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s	1.005s	0.947s	10	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.014s	0.955s	10	1.90x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.121s	1.007s	0.886s	10	3.95x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.251s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.116s (-15.7% 🟢)	1.864s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.253s (+7.4% 🔺)	2.251s (+5.4% 🔺)	1.998s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.624s (+148.0% 🔺)	2.639s (+13.1% 🔺)	2.015s	10	2.48x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.936s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.073s (-4.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.934s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.926s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.085s (-4.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.923s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.110s	2.006s	0.896s	10	1.04x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.113s	2.006s	0.893s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.115s	2.010s	0.894s	10	1.04x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.171s	2.008s	0.837s	10	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.550s (-17.3% 🟢)	4.255s (+11.8% 🔺)	2.704s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.090s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.178s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.089s	10	1.35x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.291s (+61.7% 🔺)	4.965s (+29.6% 🔺)	1.674s	10	2.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.398s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.022s (~)	0.624s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.415s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.017s (~)	0.602s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.425s (-4.6%)	11.022s (~)	0.597s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.445s (-3.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.573s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.641s	11.023s	0.382s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.676s	11.022s	0.346s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.686s	11.017s	0.331s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.780s	11.015s	0.235s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.493s (-20.5% 🟢)	15.501s (-22.6% 🟢)	2.007s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	13.680s (-42.4% 🟢)	15.036s (-40.1% 🟢)	1.356s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.385s (-11.2% 🟢)	16.897s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.512s	2	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.477s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.539s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.484s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.017s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.533s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.490s (-9.9% 🟢)	14.026s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.491s (-10.4% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.036s	14.428s	0.391s	5	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.174s	15.016s	0.843s	4	1.05x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.186s	15.018s	0.832s	4	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.263s	15.029s	0.766s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	20.739s (-58.8% 🟢)	22.736s (-56.7% 🟢)	1.997s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.013s (-67.4% 🟢)	22.739s (-65.9% 🟢)	1.726s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	22.499s (-57.2% 🟢)	24.372s (-55.4% 🟢)	1.873s	3	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.867s (-29.3% 🟢)	12.022s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.155s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	11.912s (-14.7% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.102s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.968s (-27.9% 🟢)	12.273s (-27.9% 🟢)	0.305s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.010s (-14.3% 🟢)	12.641s (-13.4% 🟢)	0.631s	8	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.942s	13.311s	0.369s	7	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.173s	14.027s	0.854s	7	1.11x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.246s	14.019s	0.773s	7	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.334s	14.017s	0.682s	7	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	33.006s (-92.2% 🟢)	35.132s (-91.7% 🟢)	2.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.144s (-72.7% 🟢)	35.491s (-71.3% 🟢)	2.347s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	34.228s (-91.3% 🟢)	36.629s (-90.7% 🟢)	2.400s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.143s (-10.3% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.864s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.183s (-27.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.823s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	1.187s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.820s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.212s	2.007s	0.794s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.238s	2.006s	0.768s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.278s	2.006s	0.728s	15	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.038s	3.007s	0.969s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.351s (-16.6% 🟢)	3.897s (-9.8% 🟢)	1.546s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.413s (-15.6% 🟢)	4.305s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.892s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.860s (+72.5% 🔺)	7.645s (+55.0% 🔺)	1.785s	4	2.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.217s (-48.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.789s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.228s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.780s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.008s	0.651s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.689s (-46.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.317s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.805s	2.073s	0.267s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	1.819s (-38.4% 🟢)	2.074s (-40.0% 🟢)	0.255s	15	1.49x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.359s	3.008s	0.649s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.583s	4.008s	0.425s	8	2.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.237s (-10.5% 🟢)	5.377s (+5.2% 🔺)	2.140s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.231s (+4.4%)	5.751s (-2.9%)	1.521s	6	1.31x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.150s (-27.5% 🟢)	6.921s (-22.3% 🟢)	1.772s	5	1.59x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.311s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.695s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.375s (-60.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.633s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.641s	2.008s	0.367s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.581s	4.010s	0.429s	8	2.73x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.487s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.011s (-44.4% 🟢)	0.524s	7	3.42x
💻 Local	Express	5.220s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.680s (-37.1% 🟢)	0.460s	6	3.98x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.566s	6.013s	0.447s	5	4.24x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.310s	7.011s	0.702s	5	4.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.711s (+62.0% 🔺)	7.260s (+31.2% 🔺)	1.549s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.242s (-30.0% 🟢)	8.377s (-23.6% 🟢)	2.135s	4	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.383s (+50.5% 🔺)	8.807s (+43.7% 🔺)	2.424s	4	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.136s (-9.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.871s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.208s	2.008s	0.799s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.006s	0.780s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.006s	0.670s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.379s (-26.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.627s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.439s (-24.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.566s	15	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.032s	2.826s	0.794s	11	1.79x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.312s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.680s (-11.7% 🟢)	1.368s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.451s (-5.1% 🟢)	4.517s (+3.9%)	2.067s	7	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.175s (+42.4% 🔺)	6.495s (+39.9% 🔺)	2.320s	5	1.81x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.206s (-48.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.4% 🟢)	0.801s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.238s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.771s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.349s	2.008s	0.659s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	2.060s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.591s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.531s	12	1.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.084s (-32.0% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.424s	12	1.73x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.189s	3.008s	0.818s	10	1.82x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.008s	0.667s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.567s	4.007s	0.440s	8	2.96x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.385s (+4.7%)	5.067s (~)	1.682s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.396s (+6.4% 🔺)	5.511s (+15.0% 🔺)	2.115s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.150s (+95.7% 🔺)	8.087s (+78.8% 🔺)	1.937s	4	1.82x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.302s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.706s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.363s (-60.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.645s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.010s	0.388s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.620s	4.010s	0.389s	8	2.78x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.964s (-45.7% 🟢)	5.515s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.550s	6	3.81x
💻 Local	Express	5.776s (-34.4% 🟢)	6.347s (-31.6% 🟢)	0.571s	6	4.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.414s	0.355s	5	4.65x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.279s	7.009s	0.730s	5	4.82x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.696s (-7.8% 🟢)	6.454s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.758s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.142s (-19.9% 🟢)	7.214s (-11.8% 🟢)	2.072s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.952s (-11.9% 🟢)	8.418s (-1.5%)	2.467s	4	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.432s (-48.5% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.574s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.456s (-44.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.550s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.489s (-50.3% 🟢)	1.004s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.515s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.517s (-47.3% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.504s	59	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.689s	1.006s	0.317s	60	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.731s	1.005s	0.275s	60	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.778s	1.022s	0.243s	59	1.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.774s (-78.4% 🟢)	6.355s (-73.5% 🟢)	1.582s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.794s (-74.8% 🟢)	6.872s (-67.8% 🟢)	2.078s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.695s (-53.8% 🟢)	9.111s (-43.4% 🟢)	2.415s	7	1.40x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.031s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.705s (-18.8% 🟢)	0.674s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.077s (-45.5% 🟢)	1.771s (-21.6% 🟢)	0.693s	51	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.172s (-61.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.834s	45	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.226s (-59.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.780s	45	1.19x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.482s	2.006s	0.523s	45	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.647s	2.008s	0.361s	45	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.821s	2.007s	0.186s	45	1.77x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.823s	2.028s	0.205s	45	1.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	12.153s (-64.8% 🟢)	14.696s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.543s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.252s (-69.0% 🟢)	13.974s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.722s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.413s (-69.1% 🟢)	18.393s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.980s	5	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.065s (-49.7% 🟢)	2.603s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.538s	47	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.070s (-48.1% 🟢)	2.527s (-42.2% 🟢)	0.457s	48	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.662s (-71.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.345s	40	1.29x
💻 Local	Express	2.770s (-69.9% 🟢)	3.084s (-69.2% 🟢)	0.314s	39	1.34x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.040s	3.396s	0.356s	36	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.207s	4.009s	0.802s	30	1.55x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.864s	4.008s	0.144s	30	1.87x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.139s	5.011s	0.873s	24	2.00x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	36.800s (-62.0% 🟢)	38.948s (-60.4% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	36.907s (-71.6% 🟢)	39.330s (-70.2% 🟢)	2.423s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.991s (-58.9% 🟢)	46.701s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.710s	3	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.174s (-38.2% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.831s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.186s (-34.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.820s	60	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.235s	1.006s	0.771s	60	1.35x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.248s	1.004s	0.756s	60	1.42x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.438s (-27.6% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.566s	60	2.51x
💻 Local	Express	0.446s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.558s	60	2.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.592s	1.005s	0.413s	60	3.39x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.030s	1.720s	0.691s	35	5.90x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.170s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.175s (+14.8% 🔺)	2.005s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.353s (+41.7% 🔺)	4.179s (+24.7% 🔺)	1.826s	15	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.757s (+85.8% 🔺)	5.657s (+49.1% 🔺)	1.900s	11	1.73x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.289s (-43.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.717s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.313s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.693s	90	1.08x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.407s	1.004s	0.597s	90	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.455s	1.006s	0.551s	90	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-13.4% 🟢)	2.797s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.598s	33	7.61x
💻 Local	Express	2.256s (-10.2% 🟢)	2.883s (-4.2%)	0.627s	32	7.81x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.531s	3.113s	0.582s	29	8.77x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.594s	3.006s	0.412s	30	8.98x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.298s (+106.7% 🔺)	8.243s (+71.5% 🔺)	1.945s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.890s (+94.9% 🔺)	9.156s (+76.3% 🔺)	2.266s	11	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.302s (+157.4% 🔺)	10.146s (+110.4% 🔺)	1.844s	9	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.580s (-29.1% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.2%)	0.425s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.632s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.374s	120	1.09x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.755s	1.004s	0.249s	120	1.30x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.940s	1.232s	0.292s	98	1.62x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.361s	6.012s	0.651s	20	9.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.844s (-12.0% 🟢)	10.448s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.604s	12	16.96x
💻 Local	Express	10.178s (-9.0% 🟢)	10.858s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.680s	12	17.54x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	11.437s	12.032s	0.595s	10	19.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	22.622s (+119.0% 🔺)	25.000s (+103.5% 🔺)	2.378s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	23.086s (+211.1% 🔺)	25.434s (+175.1% 🔺)	2.348s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.723s (+220.1% 🔺)	26.737s (+184.4% 🔺)	2.015s	5	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.132s (+468.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (+2.5%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.888s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.135s (+453.6% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.876s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.140s (+433.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-17.6% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.878s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (+459.0% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.3% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.863s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.819s	10	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.195s	2.003s	0.013s	2.020s	0.824s	10	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.712s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.527s (+59.0% 🔺)	5.739s (+2.7%)	3.610s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.182s (-43.1% 🟢)	3.059s (-42.0% 🟢)	1.920s (+158.7% 🔺)	5.378s (-17.1% 🟢)	3.196s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.846s (-29.3% 🟢)	5.106s (-41.0% 🟢)	0.694s (+9.8% 🔺)	7.636s (-22.0% 🟢)	2.789s	10	2.28x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.508s (+139.4% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.4% 🔺)	0.003s (-16.5% 🟢)	2.022s (+97.6% 🔺)	0.514s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.515s (+80.6% 🔺)	2.012s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.011s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.025s (+81.4% 🔺)	0.510s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.523s (+144.0% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-14.6% 🟢)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.503s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.538s (+103.2% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.484s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.674s	2.009s	0.004s	2.025s	0.351s	30	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.683s	2.009s	0.011s	2.024s	0.341s	30	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.976s (-8.1% 🟢)	7.556s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.314s (-23.1% 🟢)	8.520s (-3.6%)	2.543s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.052s (-79.4% 🟢)	7.327s (-76.2% 🟢)	0.322s (+187.8% 🔺)	8.197s (-74.2% 🟢)	2.145s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.951s (-23.4% 🟢)	14.331s (-21.4% 🟢)	0.308s (+45.8% 🔺)	16.231s (-14.3% 🟢)	3.280s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.652s (-32.7% 🟢)	1.010s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.034s (-17.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.661s (-31.2% 🟢)	1.034s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+21.1% 🔺)	1.056s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.395s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.775s	1.053s	0.000s	1.067s	0.291s	57	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	1.351s (+10.3% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.018s (~)	0.667s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.362s (+11.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.656s	30	2.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.446s	2.013s	0.000s	2.017s	0.571s	30	2.22x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.538s (+16.0% 🔺)	4.625s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+8.3% 🔺)	5.175s (+7.6% 🔺)	1.637s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.999s (+6.9% 🔺)	5.664s (+11.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.289s (+13.7% 🔺)	2.290s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.295s (-26.9% 🟢)	2.069s (-5.0%)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.082s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.788s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.384s (-22.7% 🟢)	2.098s (-2.0%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.729s	29	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.144s	0.000s	2.169s	0.548s	28	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.748s	3.287s	0.000s	3.295s	0.546s	19	2.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.974s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.780s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.807s	16	2.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.261s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.966s (-1.7%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.970s (-1.7%)	0.709s	16	2.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.771s (+41.0% 🔺)	6.937s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-59.3% 🟢)	7.363s (+27.1% 🔺)	1.592s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.885s (+28.3% 🔺)	7.527s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.060s (+24.8% 🔺)	2.174s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.617s (+53.4% 🔺)	9.364s (+34.1% 🔺)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	10.407s (+38.0% 🔺)	1.790s	6	1.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	15/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	11/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Draft PR to run the full CI matrix on the changes from #1902 (fork PR from @ziyak97). PRs from forks don't run e2e jobs by default; this branch is the same commits pushed to the upstream repo so the CI workflows fire.

Do not merge. Closes when CI is finished and #1902 is merged via its own path.

• Source PR: Fix compatibility with Zod 4.4.x #1902
• Source branch: ziyak97:main
• Source HEAD: fe5d16a9510093660b81a2f50d796f72eb7ffdf1

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
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workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
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🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	903	0	219	1122
✅ 💻 Local Development	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 📦 Local Production	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🪟 Windows	102	0	0	102
✅ 📋 Other	538	0	176	714
Total	5170	0	1052	6222

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	76	0	26
✅ example	76	0	26
✅ express	76	0	26
✅ fastify	76	0	26
✅ hono	76	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	100	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	100	0	2
✅ nitro	76	0	26
✅ nuxt	76	0	26
✅ sveltekit	95	0	7
✅ vite	76	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	102	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	76	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.040s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.012s (+0.7%)	0.972s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.041s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.968s	10	1.35x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.046s (-52.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-2.9%)	0.967s	10	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.65x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s	1.005s	0.947s	10	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.014s	0.955s	10	1.90x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.121s	1.007s	0.886s	10	3.95x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.251s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.116s (-15.7% 🟢)	1.864s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.253s (+7.4% 🔺)	2.251s (+5.4% 🔺)	1.998s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.624s (+148.0% 🔺)	2.639s (+13.1% 🔺)	2.015s	10	2.48x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.936s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.073s (-4.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.934s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.926s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.085s (-4.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.923s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.110s	2.006s	0.896s	10	1.04x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.113s	2.006s	0.893s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.115s	2.010s	0.894s	10	1.04x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.171s	2.008s	0.837s	10	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.550s (-17.3% 🟢)	4.255s (+11.8% 🔺)	2.704s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.090s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.178s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.089s	10	1.35x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.291s (+61.7% 🔺)	4.965s (+29.6% 🔺)	1.674s	10	2.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.398s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.022s (~)	0.624s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.415s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.017s (~)	0.602s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.425s (-4.6%)	11.022s (~)	0.597s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.445s (-3.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.573s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.641s	11.023s	0.382s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.676s	11.022s	0.346s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.686s	11.017s	0.331s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.780s	11.015s	0.235s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.493s (-20.5% 🟢)	15.501s (-22.6% 🟢)	2.007s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	13.680s (-42.4% 🟢)	15.036s (-40.1% 🟢)	1.356s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.385s (-11.2% 🟢)	16.897s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.512s	2	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.477s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.539s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.484s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.017s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.533s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.490s (-9.9% 🟢)	14.026s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.491s (-10.4% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.036s	14.428s	0.391s	5	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.174s	15.016s	0.843s	4	1.05x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.186s	15.018s	0.832s	4	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.263s	15.029s	0.766s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	20.739s (-58.8% 🟢)	22.736s (-56.7% 🟢)	1.997s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.013s (-67.4% 🟢)	22.739s (-65.9% 🟢)	1.726s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	22.499s (-57.2% 🟢)	24.372s (-55.4% 🟢)	1.873s	3	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.867s (-29.3% 🟢)	12.022s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.155s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	11.912s (-14.7% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.102s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.968s (-27.9% 🟢)	12.273s (-27.9% 🟢)	0.305s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.010s (-14.3% 🟢)	12.641s (-13.4% 🟢)	0.631s	8	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.942s	13.311s	0.369s	7	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.173s	14.027s	0.854s	7	1.11x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.246s	14.019s	0.773s	7	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.334s	14.017s	0.682s	7	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	33.006s (-92.2% 🟢)	35.132s (-91.7% 🟢)	2.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.144s (-72.7% 🟢)	35.491s (-71.3% 🟢)	2.347s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	34.228s (-91.3% 🟢)	36.629s (-90.7% 🟢)	2.400s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.143s (-10.3% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.864s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.183s (-27.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.823s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	1.187s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.820s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.212s	2.007s	0.794s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.238s	2.006s	0.768s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.278s	2.006s	0.728s	15	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.038s	3.007s	0.969s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.351s (-16.6% 🟢)	3.897s (-9.8% 🟢)	1.546s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.413s (-15.6% 🟢)	4.305s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.892s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.860s (+72.5% 🔺)	7.645s (+55.0% 🔺)	1.785s	4	2.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.217s (-48.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.789s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.228s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.780s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.008s	0.651s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.689s (-46.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.317s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.805s	2.073s	0.267s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	1.819s (-38.4% 🟢)	2.074s (-40.0% 🟢)	0.255s	15	1.49x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.359s	3.008s	0.649s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.583s	4.008s	0.425s	8	2.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.237s (-10.5% 🟢)	5.377s (+5.2% 🔺)	2.140s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.231s (+4.4%)	5.751s (-2.9%)	1.521s	6	1.31x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.150s (-27.5% 🟢)	6.921s (-22.3% 🟢)	1.772s	5	1.59x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.311s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.695s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.375s (-60.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.633s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.641s	2.008s	0.367s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.581s	4.010s	0.429s	8	2.73x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.487s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.011s (-44.4% 🟢)	0.524s	7	3.42x
💻 Local	Express	5.220s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.680s (-37.1% 🟢)	0.460s	6	3.98x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.566s	6.013s	0.447s	5	4.24x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.310s	7.011s	0.702s	5	4.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.711s (+62.0% 🔺)	7.260s (+31.2% 🔺)	1.549s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.242s (-30.0% 🟢)	8.377s (-23.6% 🟢)	2.135s	4	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.383s (+50.5% 🔺)	8.807s (+43.7% 🔺)	2.424s	4	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.136s (-9.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.871s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.208s	2.008s	0.799s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.006s	0.780s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.006s	0.670s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.379s (-26.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.627s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.439s (-24.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.566s	15	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.032s	2.826s	0.794s	11	1.79x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.312s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.680s (-11.7% 🟢)	1.368s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.451s (-5.1% 🟢)	4.517s (+3.9%)	2.067s	7	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.175s (+42.4% 🔺)	6.495s (+39.9% 🔺)	2.320s	5	1.81x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.206s (-48.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.4% 🟢)	0.801s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.238s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.771s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.349s	2.008s	0.659s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	2.060s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.591s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.531s	12	1.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.084s (-32.0% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.424s	12	1.73x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.189s	3.008s	0.818s	10	1.82x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.008s	0.667s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.567s	4.007s	0.440s	8	2.96x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.385s (+4.7%)	5.067s (~)	1.682s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.396s (+6.4% 🔺)	5.511s (+15.0% 🔺)	2.115s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.150s (+95.7% 🔺)	8.087s (+78.8% 🔺)	1.937s	4	1.82x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.302s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.706s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.363s (-60.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.645s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.010s	0.388s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.620s	4.010s	0.389s	8	2.78x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.964s (-45.7% 🟢)	5.515s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.550s	6	3.81x
💻 Local	Express	5.776s (-34.4% 🟢)	6.347s (-31.6% 🟢)	0.571s	6	4.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.414s	0.355s	5	4.65x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.279s	7.009s	0.730s	5	4.82x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.696s (-7.8% 🟢)	6.454s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.758s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.142s (-19.9% 🟢)	7.214s (-11.8% 🟢)	2.072s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.952s (-11.9% 🟢)	8.418s (-1.5%)	2.467s	4	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.432s (-48.5% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.574s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.456s (-44.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.550s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.489s (-50.3% 🟢)	1.004s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.515s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.517s (-47.3% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.504s	59	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.689s	1.006s	0.317s	60	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.731s	1.005s	0.275s	60	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.778s	1.022s	0.243s	59	1.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.774s (-78.4% 🟢)	6.355s (-73.5% 🟢)	1.582s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.794s (-74.8% 🟢)	6.872s (-67.8% 🟢)	2.078s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.695s (-53.8% 🟢)	9.111s (-43.4% 🟢)	2.415s	7	1.40x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.031s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.705s (-18.8% 🟢)	0.674s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.077s (-45.5% 🟢)	1.771s (-21.6% 🟢)	0.693s	51	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.172s (-61.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.834s	45	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.226s (-59.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.780s	45	1.19x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.482s	2.006s	0.523s	45	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.647s	2.008s	0.361s	45	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.821s	2.007s	0.186s	45	1.77x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.823s	2.028s	0.205s	45	1.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	12.153s (-64.8% 🟢)	14.696s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.543s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.252s (-69.0% 🟢)	13.974s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.722s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.413s (-69.1% 🟢)	18.393s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.980s	5	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.065s (-49.7% 🟢)	2.603s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.538s	47	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.070s (-48.1% 🟢)	2.527s (-42.2% 🟢)	0.457s	48	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.662s (-71.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.345s	40	1.29x
💻 Local	Express	2.770s (-69.9% 🟢)	3.084s (-69.2% 🟢)	0.314s	39	1.34x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.040s	3.396s	0.356s	36	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.207s	4.009s	0.802s	30	1.55x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.864s	4.008s	0.144s	30	1.87x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.139s	5.011s	0.873s	24	2.00x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	36.800s (-62.0% 🟢)	38.948s (-60.4% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	36.907s (-71.6% 🟢)	39.330s (-70.2% 🟢)	2.423s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.991s (-58.9% 🟢)	46.701s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.710s	3	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.174s (-38.2% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.831s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.186s (-34.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.820s	60	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.235s	1.006s	0.771s	60	1.35x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.248s	1.004s	0.756s	60	1.42x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.438s (-27.6% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.566s	60	2.51x
💻 Local	Express	0.446s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.558s	60	2.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.592s	1.005s	0.413s	60	3.39x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.030s	1.720s	0.691s	35	5.90x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.170s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.175s (+14.8% 🔺)	2.005s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.353s (+41.7% 🔺)	4.179s (+24.7% 🔺)	1.826s	15	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.757s (+85.8% 🔺)	5.657s (+49.1% 🔺)	1.900s	11	1.73x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.289s (-43.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.717s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.313s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.693s	90	1.08x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.407s	1.004s	0.597s	90	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.455s	1.006s	0.551s	90	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-13.4% 🟢)	2.797s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.598s	33	7.61x
💻 Local	Express	2.256s (-10.2% 🟢)	2.883s (-4.2%)	0.627s	32	7.81x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.531s	3.113s	0.582s	29	8.77x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.594s	3.006s	0.412s	30	8.98x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.298s (+106.7% 🔺)	8.243s (+71.5% 🔺)	1.945s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.890s (+94.9% 🔺)	9.156s (+76.3% 🔺)	2.266s	11	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.302s (+157.4% 🔺)	10.146s (+110.4% 🔺)	1.844s	9	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.580s (-29.1% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.2%)	0.425s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.632s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.374s	120	1.09x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.755s	1.004s	0.249s	120	1.30x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.940s	1.232s	0.292s	98	1.62x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.361s	6.012s	0.651s	20	9.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.844s (-12.0% 🟢)	10.448s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.604s	12	16.96x
💻 Local	Express	10.178s (-9.0% 🟢)	10.858s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.680s	12	17.54x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	11.437s	12.032s	0.595s	10	19.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	22.622s (+119.0% 🔺)	25.000s (+103.5% 🔺)	2.378s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	23.086s (+211.1% 🔺)	25.434s (+175.1% 🔺)	2.348s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.723s (+220.1% 🔺)	26.737s (+184.4% 🔺)	2.015s	5	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.132s (+468.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (+2.5%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.888s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.135s (+453.6% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.876s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.140s (+433.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-17.6% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.878s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (+459.0% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.3% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.863s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.819s	10	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.195s	2.003s	0.013s	2.020s	0.824s	10	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.712s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.527s (+59.0% 🔺)	5.739s (+2.7%)	3.610s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.182s (-43.1% 🟢)	3.059s (-42.0% 🟢)	1.920s (+158.7% 🔺)	5.378s (-17.1% 🟢)	3.196s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.846s (-29.3% 🟢)	5.106s (-41.0% 🟢)	0.694s (+9.8% 🔺)	7.636s (-22.0% 🟢)	2.789s	10	2.28x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.508s (+139.4% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.4% 🔺)	0.003s (-16.5% 🟢)	2.022s (+97.6% 🔺)	0.514s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.515s (+80.6% 🔺)	2.012s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.011s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.025s (+81.4% 🔺)	0.510s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.523s (+144.0% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-14.6% 🟢)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.503s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.538s (+103.2% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.484s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.674s	2.009s	0.004s	2.025s	0.351s	30	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.683s	2.009s	0.011s	2.024s	0.341s	30	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.976s (-8.1% 🟢)	7.556s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.314s (-23.1% 🟢)	8.520s (-3.6%)	2.543s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.052s (-79.4% 🟢)	7.327s (-76.2% 🟢)	0.322s (+187.8% 🔺)	8.197s (-74.2% 🟢)	2.145s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.951s (-23.4% 🟢)	14.331s (-21.4% 🟢)	0.308s (+45.8% 🔺)	16.231s (-14.3% 🟢)	3.280s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.652s (-32.7% 🟢)	1.010s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.034s (-17.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.661s (-31.2% 🟢)	1.034s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+21.1% 🔺)	1.056s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.395s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.775s	1.053s	0.000s	1.067s	0.291s	57	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	1.351s (+10.3% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.018s (~)	0.667s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.362s (+11.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.656s	30	2.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.446s	2.013s	0.000s	2.017s	0.571s	30	2.22x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.538s (+16.0% 🔺)	4.625s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+8.3% 🔺)	5.175s (+7.6% 🔺)	1.637s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.999s (+6.9% 🔺)	5.664s (+11.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.289s (+13.7% 🔺)	2.290s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.295s (-26.9% 🟢)	2.069s (-5.0%)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.082s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.788s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.384s (-22.7% 🟢)	2.098s (-2.0%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.729s	29	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.144s	0.000s	2.169s	0.548s	28	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.748s	3.287s	0.000s	3.295s	0.546s	19	2.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.974s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.780s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.807s	16	2.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.261s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.966s (-1.7%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.970s (-1.7%)	0.709s	16	2.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.771s (+41.0% 🔺)	6.937s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-59.3% 🟢)	7.363s (+27.1% 🔺)	1.592s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.885s (+28.3% 🔺)	7.527s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.060s (+24.8% 🔺)	2.174s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.617s (+53.4% 🔺)	9.364s (+34.1% 🔺)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	10.407s (+38.0% 🔺)	1.790s	6	1.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	15/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	11/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Draft PR to run the full CI matrix on the changes from #1902 (fork PR from @ziyak97). PRs from forks don't run e2e jobs by default; this branch is the same commits pushed to the upstream repo so the CI workflows fire.

Do not merge. Closes when CI is finished and #1902 is merged via its own path.

• Source PR: Fix compatibility with Zod 4.4.x #1902
• Source branch: ziyak97:main
• Source HEAD: fe5d16a9510093660b81a2f50d796f72eb7ffdf1

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
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🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	903	0	219	1122
✅ 💻 Local Development	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 📦 Local Production	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🪟 Windows	102	0	0	102
✅ 📋 Other	538	0	176	714
Total	5170	0	1052	6222

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	76	0	26
✅ example	76	0	26
✅ express	76	0	26
✅ fastify	76	0	26
✅ hono	76	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	100	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	100	0	2
✅ nitro	76	0	26
✅ nuxt	76	0	26
✅ sveltekit	95	0	7
✅ vite	76	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	102	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	76	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.040s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.012s (+0.7%)	0.972s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.041s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.968s	10	1.35x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.046s (-52.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-2.9%)	0.967s	10	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.65x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s	1.005s	0.947s	10	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.014s	0.955s	10	1.90x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.121s	1.007s	0.886s	10	3.95x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.251s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.116s (-15.7% 🟢)	1.864s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.253s (+7.4% 🔺)	2.251s (+5.4% 🔺)	1.998s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.624s (+148.0% 🔺)	2.639s (+13.1% 🔺)	2.015s	10	2.48x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.936s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.073s (-4.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.934s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.926s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.085s (-4.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.923s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.110s	2.006s	0.896s	10	1.04x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.113s	2.006s	0.893s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.115s	2.010s	0.894s	10	1.04x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.171s	2.008s	0.837s	10	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.550s (-17.3% 🟢)	4.255s (+11.8% 🔺)	2.704s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.090s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.178s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.089s	10	1.35x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.291s (+61.7% 🔺)	4.965s (+29.6% 🔺)	1.674s	10	2.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.398s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.022s (~)	0.624s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.415s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.017s (~)	0.602s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.425s (-4.6%)	11.022s (~)	0.597s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.445s (-3.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.573s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.641s	11.023s	0.382s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.676s	11.022s	0.346s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.686s	11.017s	0.331s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.780s	11.015s	0.235s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.493s (-20.5% 🟢)	15.501s (-22.6% 🟢)	2.007s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	13.680s (-42.4% 🟢)	15.036s (-40.1% 🟢)	1.356s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.385s (-11.2% 🟢)	16.897s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.512s	2	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.477s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.539s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.484s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.017s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.533s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.490s (-9.9% 🟢)	14.026s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.491s (-10.4% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.036s	14.428s	0.391s	5	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.174s	15.016s	0.843s	4	1.05x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.186s	15.018s	0.832s	4	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.263s	15.029s	0.766s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	20.739s (-58.8% 🟢)	22.736s (-56.7% 🟢)	1.997s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.013s (-67.4% 🟢)	22.739s (-65.9% 🟢)	1.726s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	22.499s (-57.2% 🟢)	24.372s (-55.4% 🟢)	1.873s	3	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.867s (-29.3% 🟢)	12.022s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.155s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	11.912s (-14.7% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.102s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.968s (-27.9% 🟢)	12.273s (-27.9% 🟢)	0.305s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.010s (-14.3% 🟢)	12.641s (-13.4% 🟢)	0.631s	8	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.942s	13.311s	0.369s	7	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.173s	14.027s	0.854s	7	1.11x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.246s	14.019s	0.773s	7	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.334s	14.017s	0.682s	7	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	33.006s (-92.2% 🟢)	35.132s (-91.7% 🟢)	2.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.144s (-72.7% 🟢)	35.491s (-71.3% 🟢)	2.347s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	34.228s (-91.3% 🟢)	36.629s (-90.7% 🟢)	2.400s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.143s (-10.3% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.864s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.183s (-27.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.823s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	1.187s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.820s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.212s	2.007s	0.794s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.238s	2.006s	0.768s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.278s	2.006s	0.728s	15	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.038s	3.007s	0.969s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.351s (-16.6% 🟢)	3.897s (-9.8% 🟢)	1.546s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.413s (-15.6% 🟢)	4.305s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.892s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.860s (+72.5% 🔺)	7.645s (+55.0% 🔺)	1.785s	4	2.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.217s (-48.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.789s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.228s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.780s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.008s	0.651s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.689s (-46.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.317s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.805s	2.073s	0.267s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	1.819s (-38.4% 🟢)	2.074s (-40.0% 🟢)	0.255s	15	1.49x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.359s	3.008s	0.649s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.583s	4.008s	0.425s	8	2.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.237s (-10.5% 🟢)	5.377s (+5.2% 🔺)	2.140s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.231s (+4.4%)	5.751s (-2.9%)	1.521s	6	1.31x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.150s (-27.5% 🟢)	6.921s (-22.3% 🟢)	1.772s	5	1.59x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.311s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.695s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.375s (-60.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.633s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.641s	2.008s	0.367s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.581s	4.010s	0.429s	8	2.73x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.487s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.011s (-44.4% 🟢)	0.524s	7	3.42x
💻 Local	Express	5.220s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.680s (-37.1% 🟢)	0.460s	6	3.98x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.566s	6.013s	0.447s	5	4.24x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.310s	7.011s	0.702s	5	4.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.711s (+62.0% 🔺)	7.260s (+31.2% 🔺)	1.549s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.242s (-30.0% 🟢)	8.377s (-23.6% 🟢)	2.135s	4	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.383s (+50.5% 🔺)	8.807s (+43.7% 🔺)	2.424s	4	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.136s (-9.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.871s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.208s	2.008s	0.799s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.006s	0.780s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.006s	0.670s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.379s (-26.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.627s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.439s (-24.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.566s	15	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.032s	2.826s	0.794s	11	1.79x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.312s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.680s (-11.7% 🟢)	1.368s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.451s (-5.1% 🟢)	4.517s (+3.9%)	2.067s	7	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.175s (+42.4% 🔺)	6.495s (+39.9% 🔺)	2.320s	5	1.81x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.206s (-48.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.4% 🟢)	0.801s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.238s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.771s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.349s	2.008s	0.659s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	2.060s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.591s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.531s	12	1.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.084s (-32.0% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.424s	12	1.73x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.189s	3.008s	0.818s	10	1.82x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.008s	0.667s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.567s	4.007s	0.440s	8	2.96x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.385s (+4.7%)	5.067s (~)	1.682s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.396s (+6.4% 🔺)	5.511s (+15.0% 🔺)	2.115s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.150s (+95.7% 🔺)	8.087s (+78.8% 🔺)	1.937s	4	1.82x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.302s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.706s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.363s (-60.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.645s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.010s	0.388s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.620s	4.010s	0.389s	8	2.78x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.964s (-45.7% 🟢)	5.515s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.550s	6	3.81x
💻 Local	Express	5.776s (-34.4% 🟢)	6.347s (-31.6% 🟢)	0.571s	6	4.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.414s	0.355s	5	4.65x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.279s	7.009s	0.730s	5	4.82x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.696s (-7.8% 🟢)	6.454s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.758s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.142s (-19.9% 🟢)	7.214s (-11.8% 🟢)	2.072s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.952s (-11.9% 🟢)	8.418s (-1.5%)	2.467s	4	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.432s (-48.5% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.574s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.456s (-44.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.550s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.489s (-50.3% 🟢)	1.004s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.515s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.517s (-47.3% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.504s	59	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.689s	1.006s	0.317s	60	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.731s	1.005s	0.275s	60	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.778s	1.022s	0.243s	59	1.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.774s (-78.4% 🟢)	6.355s (-73.5% 🟢)	1.582s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.794s (-74.8% 🟢)	6.872s (-67.8% 🟢)	2.078s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.695s (-53.8% 🟢)	9.111s (-43.4% 🟢)	2.415s	7	1.40x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.031s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.705s (-18.8% 🟢)	0.674s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.077s (-45.5% 🟢)	1.771s (-21.6% 🟢)	0.693s	51	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.172s (-61.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.834s	45	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.226s (-59.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.780s	45	1.19x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.482s	2.006s	0.523s	45	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.647s	2.008s	0.361s	45	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.821s	2.007s	0.186s	45	1.77x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.823s	2.028s	0.205s	45	1.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	12.153s (-64.8% 🟢)	14.696s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.543s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.252s (-69.0% 🟢)	13.974s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.722s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.413s (-69.1% 🟢)	18.393s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.980s	5	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.065s (-49.7% 🟢)	2.603s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.538s	47	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.070s (-48.1% 🟢)	2.527s (-42.2% 🟢)	0.457s	48	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.662s (-71.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.345s	40	1.29x
💻 Local	Express	2.770s (-69.9% 🟢)	3.084s (-69.2% 🟢)	0.314s	39	1.34x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.040s	3.396s	0.356s	36	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.207s	4.009s	0.802s	30	1.55x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.864s	4.008s	0.144s	30	1.87x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.139s	5.011s	0.873s	24	2.00x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	36.800s (-62.0% 🟢)	38.948s (-60.4% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	36.907s (-71.6% 🟢)	39.330s (-70.2% 🟢)	2.423s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.991s (-58.9% 🟢)	46.701s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.710s	3	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.174s (-38.2% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.831s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.186s (-34.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.820s	60	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.235s	1.006s	0.771s	60	1.35x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.248s	1.004s	0.756s	60	1.42x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.438s (-27.6% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.566s	60	2.51x
💻 Local	Express	0.446s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.558s	60	2.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.592s	1.005s	0.413s	60	3.39x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.030s	1.720s	0.691s	35	5.90x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.170s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.175s (+14.8% 🔺)	2.005s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.353s (+41.7% 🔺)	4.179s (+24.7% 🔺)	1.826s	15	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.757s (+85.8% 🔺)	5.657s (+49.1% 🔺)	1.900s	11	1.73x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.289s (-43.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.717s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.313s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.693s	90	1.08x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.407s	1.004s	0.597s	90	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.455s	1.006s	0.551s	90	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-13.4% 🟢)	2.797s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.598s	33	7.61x
💻 Local	Express	2.256s (-10.2% 🟢)	2.883s (-4.2%)	0.627s	32	7.81x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.531s	3.113s	0.582s	29	8.77x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.594s	3.006s	0.412s	30	8.98x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.298s (+106.7% 🔺)	8.243s (+71.5% 🔺)	1.945s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.890s (+94.9% 🔺)	9.156s (+76.3% 🔺)	2.266s	11	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.302s (+157.4% 🔺)	10.146s (+110.4% 🔺)	1.844s	9	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.580s (-29.1% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.2%)	0.425s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.632s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.374s	120	1.09x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.755s	1.004s	0.249s	120	1.30x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.940s	1.232s	0.292s	98	1.62x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.361s	6.012s	0.651s	20	9.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.844s (-12.0% 🟢)	10.448s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.604s	12	16.96x
💻 Local	Express	10.178s (-9.0% 🟢)	10.858s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.680s	12	17.54x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	11.437s	12.032s	0.595s	10	19.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	22.622s (+119.0% 🔺)	25.000s (+103.5% 🔺)	2.378s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	23.086s (+211.1% 🔺)	25.434s (+175.1% 🔺)	2.348s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.723s (+220.1% 🔺)	26.737s (+184.4% 🔺)	2.015s	5	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.132s (+468.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (+2.5%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.888s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.135s (+453.6% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.876s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.140s (+433.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-17.6% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.878s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (+459.0% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.3% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.863s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.819s	10	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.195s	2.003s	0.013s	2.020s	0.824s	10	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.712s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.527s (+59.0% 🔺)	5.739s (+2.7%)	3.610s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.182s (-43.1% 🟢)	3.059s (-42.0% 🟢)	1.920s (+158.7% 🔺)	5.378s (-17.1% 🟢)	3.196s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.846s (-29.3% 🟢)	5.106s (-41.0% 🟢)	0.694s (+9.8% 🔺)	7.636s (-22.0% 🟢)	2.789s	10	2.28x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.508s (+139.4% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.4% 🔺)	0.003s (-16.5% 🟢)	2.022s (+97.6% 🔺)	0.514s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.515s (+80.6% 🔺)	2.012s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.011s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.025s (+81.4% 🔺)	0.510s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.523s (+144.0% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-14.6% 🟢)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.503s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.538s (+103.2% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.484s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.674s	2.009s	0.004s	2.025s	0.351s	30	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.683s	2.009s	0.011s	2.024s	0.341s	30	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.976s (-8.1% 🟢)	7.556s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.314s (-23.1% 🟢)	8.520s (-3.6%)	2.543s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.052s (-79.4% 🟢)	7.327s (-76.2% 🟢)	0.322s (+187.8% 🔺)	8.197s (-74.2% 🟢)	2.145s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.951s (-23.4% 🟢)	14.331s (-21.4% 🟢)	0.308s (+45.8% 🔺)	16.231s (-14.3% 🟢)	3.280s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.652s (-32.7% 🟢)	1.010s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.034s (-17.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.661s (-31.2% 🟢)	1.034s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+21.1% 🔺)	1.056s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.395s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.775s	1.053s	0.000s	1.067s	0.291s	57	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	1.351s (+10.3% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.018s (~)	0.667s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.362s (+11.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.656s	30	2.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.446s	2.013s	0.000s	2.017s	0.571s	30	2.22x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.538s (+16.0% 🔺)	4.625s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+8.3% 🔺)	5.175s (+7.6% 🔺)	1.637s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.999s (+6.9% 🔺)	5.664s (+11.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.289s (+13.7% 🔺)	2.290s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.295s (-26.9% 🟢)	2.069s (-5.0%)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.082s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.788s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.384s (-22.7% 🟢)	2.098s (-2.0%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.729s	29	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.144s	0.000s	2.169s	0.548s	28	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.748s	3.287s	0.000s	3.295s	0.546s	19	2.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.974s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.780s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.807s	16	2.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.261s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.966s (-1.7%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.970s (-1.7%)	0.709s	16	2.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.771s (+41.0% 🔺)	6.937s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-59.3% 🟢)	7.363s (+27.1% 🔺)	1.592s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.885s (+28.3% 🔺)	7.527s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.060s (+24.8% 🔺)	2.174s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.617s (+53.4% 🔺)	9.364s (+34.1% 🔺)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	10.407s (+38.0% 🔺)	1.790s	6	1.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	15/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	11/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Draft PR to run the full CI matrix on the changes from #1902 (fork PR from @ziyak97). PRs from forks don't run e2e jobs by default; this branch is the same commits pushed to the upstream repo so the CI workflows fire.

Do not merge. Closes when CI is finished and #1902 is merged via its own path.

• Source PR: Fix compatibility with Zod 4.4.x #1902
• Source branch: ziyak97:main
• Source HEAD: fe5d16a9510093660b81a2f50d796f72eb7ffdf1

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
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🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	903	0	219	1122
✅ 💻 Local Development	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 📦 Local Production	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🪟 Windows	102	0	0	102
✅ 📋 Other	538	0	176	714
Total	5170	0	1052	6222

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	76	0	26
✅ example	76	0	26
✅ express	76	0	26
✅ fastify	76	0	26
✅ hono	76	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	100	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	100	0	2
✅ nitro	76	0	26
✅ nuxt	76	0	26
✅ sveltekit	95	0	7
✅ vite	76	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	102	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	76	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.040s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.012s (+0.7%)	0.972s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.041s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.968s	10	1.35x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.046s (-52.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-2.9%)	0.967s	10	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.65x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s	1.005s	0.947s	10	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.014s	0.955s	10	1.90x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.121s	1.007s	0.886s	10	3.95x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.251s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.116s (-15.7% 🟢)	1.864s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.253s (+7.4% 🔺)	2.251s (+5.4% 🔺)	1.998s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.624s (+148.0% 🔺)	2.639s (+13.1% 🔺)	2.015s	10	2.48x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.936s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.073s (-4.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.934s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.926s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.085s (-4.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.923s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.110s	2.006s	0.896s	10	1.04x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.113s	2.006s	0.893s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.115s	2.010s	0.894s	10	1.04x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.171s	2.008s	0.837s	10	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.550s (-17.3% 🟢)	4.255s (+11.8% 🔺)	2.704s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.090s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.178s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.089s	10	1.35x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.291s (+61.7% 🔺)	4.965s (+29.6% 🔺)	1.674s	10	2.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.398s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.022s (~)	0.624s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.415s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.017s (~)	0.602s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.425s (-4.6%)	11.022s (~)	0.597s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.445s (-3.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.573s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.641s	11.023s	0.382s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.676s	11.022s	0.346s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.686s	11.017s	0.331s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.780s	11.015s	0.235s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.493s (-20.5% 🟢)	15.501s (-22.6% 🟢)	2.007s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	13.680s (-42.4% 🟢)	15.036s (-40.1% 🟢)	1.356s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.385s (-11.2% 🟢)	16.897s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.512s	2	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.477s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.539s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.484s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.017s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.533s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.490s (-9.9% 🟢)	14.026s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.491s (-10.4% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.036s	14.428s	0.391s	5	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.174s	15.016s	0.843s	4	1.05x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.186s	15.018s	0.832s	4	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.263s	15.029s	0.766s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	20.739s (-58.8% 🟢)	22.736s (-56.7% 🟢)	1.997s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.013s (-67.4% 🟢)	22.739s (-65.9% 🟢)	1.726s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	22.499s (-57.2% 🟢)	24.372s (-55.4% 🟢)	1.873s	3	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.867s (-29.3% 🟢)	12.022s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.155s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	11.912s (-14.7% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.102s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.968s (-27.9% 🟢)	12.273s (-27.9% 🟢)	0.305s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.010s (-14.3% 🟢)	12.641s (-13.4% 🟢)	0.631s	8	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.942s	13.311s	0.369s	7	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.173s	14.027s	0.854s	7	1.11x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.246s	14.019s	0.773s	7	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.334s	14.017s	0.682s	7	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	33.006s (-92.2% 🟢)	35.132s (-91.7% 🟢)	2.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.144s (-72.7% 🟢)	35.491s (-71.3% 🟢)	2.347s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	34.228s (-91.3% 🟢)	36.629s (-90.7% 🟢)	2.400s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.143s (-10.3% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.864s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.183s (-27.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.823s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	1.187s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.820s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.212s	2.007s	0.794s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.238s	2.006s	0.768s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.278s	2.006s	0.728s	15	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.038s	3.007s	0.969s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.351s (-16.6% 🟢)	3.897s (-9.8% 🟢)	1.546s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.413s (-15.6% 🟢)	4.305s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.892s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.860s (+72.5% 🔺)	7.645s (+55.0% 🔺)	1.785s	4	2.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.217s (-48.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.789s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.228s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.780s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.008s	0.651s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.689s (-46.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.317s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.805s	2.073s	0.267s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	1.819s (-38.4% 🟢)	2.074s (-40.0% 🟢)	0.255s	15	1.49x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.359s	3.008s	0.649s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.583s	4.008s	0.425s	8	2.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.237s (-10.5% 🟢)	5.377s (+5.2% 🔺)	2.140s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.231s (+4.4%)	5.751s (-2.9%)	1.521s	6	1.31x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.150s (-27.5% 🟢)	6.921s (-22.3% 🟢)	1.772s	5	1.59x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.311s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.695s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.375s (-60.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.633s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.641s	2.008s	0.367s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.581s	4.010s	0.429s	8	2.73x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.487s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.011s (-44.4% 🟢)	0.524s	7	3.42x
💻 Local	Express	5.220s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.680s (-37.1% 🟢)	0.460s	6	3.98x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.566s	6.013s	0.447s	5	4.24x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.310s	7.011s	0.702s	5	4.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.711s (+62.0% 🔺)	7.260s (+31.2% 🔺)	1.549s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.242s (-30.0% 🟢)	8.377s (-23.6% 🟢)	2.135s	4	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.383s (+50.5% 🔺)	8.807s (+43.7% 🔺)	2.424s	4	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.136s (-9.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.871s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.208s	2.008s	0.799s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.006s	0.780s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.006s	0.670s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.379s (-26.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.627s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.439s (-24.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.566s	15	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.032s	2.826s	0.794s	11	1.79x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.312s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.680s (-11.7% 🟢)	1.368s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.451s (-5.1% 🟢)	4.517s (+3.9%)	2.067s	7	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.175s (+42.4% 🔺)	6.495s (+39.9% 🔺)	2.320s	5	1.81x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.206s (-48.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.4% 🟢)	0.801s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.238s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.771s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.349s	2.008s	0.659s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	2.060s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.591s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.531s	12	1.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.084s (-32.0% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.424s	12	1.73x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.189s	3.008s	0.818s	10	1.82x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.008s	0.667s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.567s	4.007s	0.440s	8	2.96x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.385s (+4.7%)	5.067s (~)	1.682s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.396s (+6.4% 🔺)	5.511s (+15.0% 🔺)	2.115s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.150s (+95.7% 🔺)	8.087s (+78.8% 🔺)	1.937s	4	1.82x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.302s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.706s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.363s (-60.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.645s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.010s	0.388s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.620s	4.010s	0.389s	8	2.78x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.964s (-45.7% 🟢)	5.515s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.550s	6	3.81x
💻 Local	Express	5.776s (-34.4% 🟢)	6.347s (-31.6% 🟢)	0.571s	6	4.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.414s	0.355s	5	4.65x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.279s	7.009s	0.730s	5	4.82x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.696s (-7.8% 🟢)	6.454s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.758s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.142s (-19.9% 🟢)	7.214s (-11.8% 🟢)	2.072s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.952s (-11.9% 🟢)	8.418s (-1.5%)	2.467s	4	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.432s (-48.5% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.574s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.456s (-44.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.550s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.489s (-50.3% 🟢)	1.004s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.515s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.517s (-47.3% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.504s	59	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.689s	1.006s	0.317s	60	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.731s	1.005s	0.275s	60	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.778s	1.022s	0.243s	59	1.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.774s (-78.4% 🟢)	6.355s (-73.5% 🟢)	1.582s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.794s (-74.8% 🟢)	6.872s (-67.8% 🟢)	2.078s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.695s (-53.8% 🟢)	9.111s (-43.4% 🟢)	2.415s	7	1.40x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.031s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.705s (-18.8% 🟢)	0.674s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.077s (-45.5% 🟢)	1.771s (-21.6% 🟢)	0.693s	51	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.172s (-61.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.834s	45	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.226s (-59.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.780s	45	1.19x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.482s	2.006s	0.523s	45	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.647s	2.008s	0.361s	45	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.821s	2.007s	0.186s	45	1.77x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.823s	2.028s	0.205s	45	1.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	12.153s (-64.8% 🟢)	14.696s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.543s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.252s (-69.0% 🟢)	13.974s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.722s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.413s (-69.1% 🟢)	18.393s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.980s	5	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.065s (-49.7% 🟢)	2.603s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.538s	47	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.070s (-48.1% 🟢)	2.527s (-42.2% 🟢)	0.457s	48	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.662s (-71.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.345s	40	1.29x
💻 Local	Express	2.770s (-69.9% 🟢)	3.084s (-69.2% 🟢)	0.314s	39	1.34x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.040s	3.396s	0.356s	36	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.207s	4.009s	0.802s	30	1.55x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.864s	4.008s	0.144s	30	1.87x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.139s	5.011s	0.873s	24	2.00x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	36.800s (-62.0% 🟢)	38.948s (-60.4% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	36.907s (-71.6% 🟢)	39.330s (-70.2% 🟢)	2.423s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.991s (-58.9% 🟢)	46.701s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.710s	3	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.174s (-38.2% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.831s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.186s (-34.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.820s	60	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.235s	1.006s	0.771s	60	1.35x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.248s	1.004s	0.756s	60	1.42x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.438s (-27.6% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.566s	60	2.51x
💻 Local	Express	0.446s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.558s	60	2.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.592s	1.005s	0.413s	60	3.39x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.030s	1.720s	0.691s	35	5.90x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.170s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.175s (+14.8% 🔺)	2.005s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.353s (+41.7% 🔺)	4.179s (+24.7% 🔺)	1.826s	15	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.757s (+85.8% 🔺)	5.657s (+49.1% 🔺)	1.900s	11	1.73x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.289s (-43.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.717s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.313s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.693s	90	1.08x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.407s	1.004s	0.597s	90	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.455s	1.006s	0.551s	90	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-13.4% 🟢)	2.797s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.598s	33	7.61x
💻 Local	Express	2.256s (-10.2% 🟢)	2.883s (-4.2%)	0.627s	32	7.81x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.531s	3.113s	0.582s	29	8.77x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.594s	3.006s	0.412s	30	8.98x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.298s (+106.7% 🔺)	8.243s (+71.5% 🔺)	1.945s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.890s (+94.9% 🔺)	9.156s (+76.3% 🔺)	2.266s	11	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.302s (+157.4% 🔺)	10.146s (+110.4% 🔺)	1.844s	9	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.580s (-29.1% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.2%)	0.425s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.632s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.374s	120	1.09x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.755s	1.004s	0.249s	120	1.30x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.940s	1.232s	0.292s	98	1.62x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.361s	6.012s	0.651s	20	9.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.844s (-12.0% 🟢)	10.448s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.604s	12	16.96x
💻 Local	Express	10.178s (-9.0% 🟢)	10.858s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.680s	12	17.54x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	11.437s	12.032s	0.595s	10	19.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	22.622s (+119.0% 🔺)	25.000s (+103.5% 🔺)	2.378s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	23.086s (+211.1% 🔺)	25.434s (+175.1% 🔺)	2.348s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.723s (+220.1% 🔺)	26.737s (+184.4% 🔺)	2.015s	5	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.132s (+468.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (+2.5%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.888s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.135s (+453.6% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.876s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.140s (+433.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-17.6% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.878s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (+459.0% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.3% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.863s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.819s	10	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.195s	2.003s	0.013s	2.020s	0.824s	10	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.712s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.527s (+59.0% 🔺)	5.739s (+2.7%)	3.610s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.182s (-43.1% 🟢)	3.059s (-42.0% 🟢)	1.920s (+158.7% 🔺)	5.378s (-17.1% 🟢)	3.196s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.846s (-29.3% 🟢)	5.106s (-41.0% 🟢)	0.694s (+9.8% 🔺)	7.636s (-22.0% 🟢)	2.789s	10	2.28x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.508s (+139.4% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.4% 🔺)	0.003s (-16.5% 🟢)	2.022s (+97.6% 🔺)	0.514s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.515s (+80.6% 🔺)	2.012s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.011s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.025s (+81.4% 🔺)	0.510s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.523s (+144.0% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-14.6% 🟢)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.503s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.538s (+103.2% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.484s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.674s	2.009s	0.004s	2.025s	0.351s	30	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.683s	2.009s	0.011s	2.024s	0.341s	30	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.976s (-8.1% 🟢)	7.556s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.314s (-23.1% 🟢)	8.520s (-3.6%)	2.543s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.052s (-79.4% 🟢)	7.327s (-76.2% 🟢)	0.322s (+187.8% 🔺)	8.197s (-74.2% 🟢)	2.145s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.951s (-23.4% 🟢)	14.331s (-21.4% 🟢)	0.308s (+45.8% 🔺)	16.231s (-14.3% 🟢)	3.280s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.652s (-32.7% 🟢)	1.010s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.034s (-17.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.661s (-31.2% 🟢)	1.034s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+21.1% 🔺)	1.056s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.395s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.775s	1.053s	0.000s	1.067s	0.291s	57	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	1.351s (+10.3% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.018s (~)	0.667s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.362s (+11.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.656s	30	2.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.446s	2.013s	0.000s	2.017s	0.571s	30	2.22x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.538s (+16.0% 🔺)	4.625s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+8.3% 🔺)	5.175s (+7.6% 🔺)	1.637s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.999s (+6.9% 🔺)	5.664s (+11.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.289s (+13.7% 🔺)	2.290s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.295s (-26.9% 🟢)	2.069s (-5.0%)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.082s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.788s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.384s (-22.7% 🟢)	2.098s (-2.0%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.729s	29	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.144s	0.000s	2.169s	0.548s	28	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.748s	3.287s	0.000s	3.295s	0.546s	19	2.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.974s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.780s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.807s	16	2.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.261s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.966s (-1.7%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.970s (-1.7%)	0.709s	16	2.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.771s (+41.0% 🔺)	6.937s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-59.3% 🟢)	7.363s (+27.1% 🔺)	1.592s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.885s (+28.3% 🔺)	7.527s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.060s (+24.8% 🔺)	2.174s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.617s (+53.4% 🔺)	9.364s (+34.1% 🔺)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	10.407s (+38.0% 🔺)	1.790s	6	1.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	15/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	11/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Draft PR to run the full CI matrix on the changes from #1902 (fork PR from @ziyak97). PRs from forks don't run e2e jobs by default; this branch is the same commits pushed to the upstream repo so the CI workflows fire.

Do not merge. Closes when CI is finished and #1902 is merged via its own path.

• Source PR: Fix compatibility with Zod 4.4.x #1902
• Source branch: ziyak97:main
• Source HEAD: fe5d16a9510093660b81a2f50d796f72eb7ffdf1

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
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🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	903	0	219	1122
✅ 💻 Local Development	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 📦 Local Production	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🪟 Windows	102	0	0	102
✅ 📋 Other	538	0	176	714
Total	5170	0	1052	6222

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	76	0	26
✅ example	76	0	26
✅ express	76	0	26
✅ fastify	76	0	26
✅ hono	76	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	100	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	100	0	2
✅ nitro	76	0	26
✅ nuxt	76	0	26
✅ sveltekit	95	0	7
✅ vite	76	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	102	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	76	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.040s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.012s (+0.7%)	0.972s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.041s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.968s	10	1.35x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.046s (-52.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-2.9%)	0.967s	10	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.65x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s	1.005s	0.947s	10	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.014s	0.955s	10	1.90x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.121s	1.007s	0.886s	10	3.95x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.251s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.116s (-15.7% 🟢)	1.864s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.253s (+7.4% 🔺)	2.251s (+5.4% 🔺)	1.998s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.624s (+148.0% 🔺)	2.639s (+13.1% 🔺)	2.015s	10	2.48x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.936s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.073s (-4.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.934s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.926s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.085s (-4.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.923s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.110s	2.006s	0.896s	10	1.04x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.113s	2.006s	0.893s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.115s	2.010s	0.894s	10	1.04x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.171s	2.008s	0.837s	10	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.550s (-17.3% 🟢)	4.255s (+11.8% 🔺)	2.704s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.090s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.178s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.089s	10	1.35x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.291s (+61.7% 🔺)	4.965s (+29.6% 🔺)	1.674s	10	2.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.398s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.022s (~)	0.624s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.415s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.017s (~)	0.602s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.425s (-4.6%)	11.022s (~)	0.597s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.445s (-3.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.573s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.641s	11.023s	0.382s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.676s	11.022s	0.346s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.686s	11.017s	0.331s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.780s	11.015s	0.235s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.493s (-20.5% 🟢)	15.501s (-22.6% 🟢)	2.007s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	13.680s (-42.4% 🟢)	15.036s (-40.1% 🟢)	1.356s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.385s (-11.2% 🟢)	16.897s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.512s	2	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.477s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.539s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.484s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.017s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.533s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.490s (-9.9% 🟢)	14.026s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.491s (-10.4% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.036s	14.428s	0.391s	5	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.174s	15.016s	0.843s	4	1.05x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.186s	15.018s	0.832s	4	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.263s	15.029s	0.766s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	20.739s (-58.8% 🟢)	22.736s (-56.7% 🟢)	1.997s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.013s (-67.4% 🟢)	22.739s (-65.9% 🟢)	1.726s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	22.499s (-57.2% 🟢)	24.372s (-55.4% 🟢)	1.873s	3	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.867s (-29.3% 🟢)	12.022s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.155s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	11.912s (-14.7% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.102s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.968s (-27.9% 🟢)	12.273s (-27.9% 🟢)	0.305s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.010s (-14.3% 🟢)	12.641s (-13.4% 🟢)	0.631s	8	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.942s	13.311s	0.369s	7	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.173s	14.027s	0.854s	7	1.11x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.246s	14.019s	0.773s	7	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.334s	14.017s	0.682s	7	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	33.006s (-92.2% 🟢)	35.132s (-91.7% 🟢)	2.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.144s (-72.7% 🟢)	35.491s (-71.3% 🟢)	2.347s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	34.228s (-91.3% 🟢)	36.629s (-90.7% 🟢)	2.400s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.143s (-10.3% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.864s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.183s (-27.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.823s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	1.187s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.820s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.212s	2.007s	0.794s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.238s	2.006s	0.768s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.278s	2.006s	0.728s	15	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.038s	3.007s	0.969s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.351s (-16.6% 🟢)	3.897s (-9.8% 🟢)	1.546s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.413s (-15.6% 🟢)	4.305s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.892s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.860s (+72.5% 🔺)	7.645s (+55.0% 🔺)	1.785s	4	2.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.217s (-48.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.789s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.228s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.780s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.008s	0.651s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.689s (-46.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.317s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.805s	2.073s	0.267s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	1.819s (-38.4% 🟢)	2.074s (-40.0% 🟢)	0.255s	15	1.49x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.359s	3.008s	0.649s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.583s	4.008s	0.425s	8	2.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.237s (-10.5% 🟢)	5.377s (+5.2% 🔺)	2.140s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.231s (+4.4%)	5.751s (-2.9%)	1.521s	6	1.31x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.150s (-27.5% 🟢)	6.921s (-22.3% 🟢)	1.772s	5	1.59x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.311s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.695s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.375s (-60.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.633s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.641s	2.008s	0.367s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.581s	4.010s	0.429s	8	2.73x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.487s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.011s (-44.4% 🟢)	0.524s	7	3.42x
💻 Local	Express	5.220s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.680s (-37.1% 🟢)	0.460s	6	3.98x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.566s	6.013s	0.447s	5	4.24x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.310s	7.011s	0.702s	5	4.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.711s (+62.0% 🔺)	7.260s (+31.2% 🔺)	1.549s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.242s (-30.0% 🟢)	8.377s (-23.6% 🟢)	2.135s	4	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.383s (+50.5% 🔺)	8.807s (+43.7% 🔺)	2.424s	4	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.136s (-9.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.871s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.208s	2.008s	0.799s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.006s	0.780s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.006s	0.670s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.379s (-26.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.627s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.439s (-24.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.566s	15	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.032s	2.826s	0.794s	11	1.79x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.312s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.680s (-11.7% 🟢)	1.368s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.451s (-5.1% 🟢)	4.517s (+3.9%)	2.067s	7	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.175s (+42.4% 🔺)	6.495s (+39.9% 🔺)	2.320s	5	1.81x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.206s (-48.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.4% 🟢)	0.801s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.238s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.771s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.349s	2.008s	0.659s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	2.060s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.591s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.531s	12	1.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.084s (-32.0% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.424s	12	1.73x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.189s	3.008s	0.818s	10	1.82x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.008s	0.667s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.567s	4.007s	0.440s	8	2.96x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.385s (+4.7%)	5.067s (~)	1.682s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.396s (+6.4% 🔺)	5.511s (+15.0% 🔺)	2.115s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.150s (+95.7% 🔺)	8.087s (+78.8% 🔺)	1.937s	4	1.82x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.302s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.706s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.363s (-60.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.645s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.010s	0.388s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.620s	4.010s	0.389s	8	2.78x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.964s (-45.7% 🟢)	5.515s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.550s	6	3.81x
💻 Local	Express	5.776s (-34.4% 🟢)	6.347s (-31.6% 🟢)	0.571s	6	4.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.414s	0.355s	5	4.65x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.279s	7.009s	0.730s	5	4.82x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.696s (-7.8% 🟢)	6.454s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.758s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.142s (-19.9% 🟢)	7.214s (-11.8% 🟢)	2.072s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.952s (-11.9% 🟢)	8.418s (-1.5%)	2.467s	4	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.432s (-48.5% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.574s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.456s (-44.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.550s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.489s (-50.3% 🟢)	1.004s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.515s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.517s (-47.3% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.504s	59	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.689s	1.006s	0.317s	60	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.731s	1.005s	0.275s	60	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.778s	1.022s	0.243s	59	1.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.774s (-78.4% 🟢)	6.355s (-73.5% 🟢)	1.582s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.794s (-74.8% 🟢)	6.872s (-67.8% 🟢)	2.078s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.695s (-53.8% 🟢)	9.111s (-43.4% 🟢)	2.415s	7	1.40x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.031s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.705s (-18.8% 🟢)	0.674s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.077s (-45.5% 🟢)	1.771s (-21.6% 🟢)	0.693s	51	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.172s (-61.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.834s	45	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.226s (-59.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.780s	45	1.19x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.482s	2.006s	0.523s	45	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.647s	2.008s	0.361s	45	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.821s	2.007s	0.186s	45	1.77x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.823s	2.028s	0.205s	45	1.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	12.153s (-64.8% 🟢)	14.696s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.543s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.252s (-69.0% 🟢)	13.974s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.722s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.413s (-69.1% 🟢)	18.393s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.980s	5	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.065s (-49.7% 🟢)	2.603s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.538s	47	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.070s (-48.1% 🟢)	2.527s (-42.2% 🟢)	0.457s	48	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.662s (-71.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.345s	40	1.29x
💻 Local	Express	2.770s (-69.9% 🟢)	3.084s (-69.2% 🟢)	0.314s	39	1.34x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.040s	3.396s	0.356s	36	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.207s	4.009s	0.802s	30	1.55x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.864s	4.008s	0.144s	30	1.87x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.139s	5.011s	0.873s	24	2.00x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	36.800s (-62.0% 🟢)	38.948s (-60.4% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	36.907s (-71.6% 🟢)	39.330s (-70.2% 🟢)	2.423s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.991s (-58.9% 🟢)	46.701s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.710s	3	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.174s (-38.2% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.831s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.186s (-34.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.820s	60	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.235s	1.006s	0.771s	60	1.35x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.248s	1.004s	0.756s	60	1.42x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.438s (-27.6% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.566s	60	2.51x
💻 Local	Express	0.446s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.558s	60	2.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.592s	1.005s	0.413s	60	3.39x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.030s	1.720s	0.691s	35	5.90x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.170s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.175s (+14.8% 🔺)	2.005s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.353s (+41.7% 🔺)	4.179s (+24.7% 🔺)	1.826s	15	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.757s (+85.8% 🔺)	5.657s (+49.1% 🔺)	1.900s	11	1.73x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.289s (-43.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.717s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.313s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.693s	90	1.08x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.407s	1.004s	0.597s	90	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.455s	1.006s	0.551s	90	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-13.4% 🟢)	2.797s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.598s	33	7.61x
💻 Local	Express	2.256s (-10.2% 🟢)	2.883s (-4.2%)	0.627s	32	7.81x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.531s	3.113s	0.582s	29	8.77x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.594s	3.006s	0.412s	30	8.98x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.298s (+106.7% 🔺)	8.243s (+71.5% 🔺)	1.945s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.890s (+94.9% 🔺)	9.156s (+76.3% 🔺)	2.266s	11	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.302s (+157.4% 🔺)	10.146s (+110.4% 🔺)	1.844s	9	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.580s (-29.1% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.2%)	0.425s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.632s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.374s	120	1.09x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.755s	1.004s	0.249s	120	1.30x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.940s	1.232s	0.292s	98	1.62x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.361s	6.012s	0.651s	20	9.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.844s (-12.0% 🟢)	10.448s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.604s	12	16.96x
💻 Local	Express	10.178s (-9.0% 🟢)	10.858s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.680s	12	17.54x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	11.437s	12.032s	0.595s	10	19.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	22.622s (+119.0% 🔺)	25.000s (+103.5% 🔺)	2.378s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	23.086s (+211.1% 🔺)	25.434s (+175.1% 🔺)	2.348s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.723s (+220.1% 🔺)	26.737s (+184.4% 🔺)	2.015s	5	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.132s (+468.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (+2.5%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.888s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.135s (+453.6% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.876s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.140s (+433.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-17.6% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.878s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (+459.0% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.3% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.863s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.819s	10	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.195s	2.003s	0.013s	2.020s	0.824s	10	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.712s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.527s (+59.0% 🔺)	5.739s (+2.7%)	3.610s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.182s (-43.1% 🟢)	3.059s (-42.0% 🟢)	1.920s (+158.7% 🔺)	5.378s (-17.1% 🟢)	3.196s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.846s (-29.3% 🟢)	5.106s (-41.0% 🟢)	0.694s (+9.8% 🔺)	7.636s (-22.0% 🟢)	2.789s	10	2.28x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.508s (+139.4% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.4% 🔺)	0.003s (-16.5% 🟢)	2.022s (+97.6% 🔺)	0.514s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.515s (+80.6% 🔺)	2.012s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.011s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.025s (+81.4% 🔺)	0.510s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.523s (+144.0% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-14.6% 🟢)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.503s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.538s (+103.2% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.484s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.674s	2.009s	0.004s	2.025s	0.351s	30	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.683s	2.009s	0.011s	2.024s	0.341s	30	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.976s (-8.1% 🟢)	7.556s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.314s (-23.1% 🟢)	8.520s (-3.6%)	2.543s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.052s (-79.4% 🟢)	7.327s (-76.2% 🟢)	0.322s (+187.8% 🔺)	8.197s (-74.2% 🟢)	2.145s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.951s (-23.4% 🟢)	14.331s (-21.4% 🟢)	0.308s (+45.8% 🔺)	16.231s (-14.3% 🟢)	3.280s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.652s (-32.7% 🟢)	1.010s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.034s (-17.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.661s (-31.2% 🟢)	1.034s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+21.1% 🔺)	1.056s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.395s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.775s	1.053s	0.000s	1.067s	0.291s	57	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	1.351s (+10.3% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.018s (~)	0.667s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.362s (+11.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.656s	30	2.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.446s	2.013s	0.000s	2.017s	0.571s	30	2.22x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.538s (+16.0% 🔺)	4.625s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+8.3% 🔺)	5.175s (+7.6% 🔺)	1.637s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.999s (+6.9% 🔺)	5.664s (+11.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.289s (+13.7% 🔺)	2.290s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.295s (-26.9% 🟢)	2.069s (-5.0%)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.082s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.788s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.384s (-22.7% 🟢)	2.098s (-2.0%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.729s	29	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.144s	0.000s	2.169s	0.548s	28	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.748s	3.287s	0.000s	3.295s	0.546s	19	2.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.974s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.780s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.807s	16	2.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.261s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.966s (-1.7%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.970s (-1.7%)	0.709s	16	2.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.771s (+41.0% 🔺)	6.937s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-59.3% 🟢)	7.363s (+27.1% 🔺)	1.592s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.885s (+28.3% 🔺)	7.527s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.060s (+24.8% 🔺)	2.174s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.617s (+53.4% 🔺)	9.364s (+34.1% 🔺)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	10.407s (+38.0% 🔺)	1.790s	6	1.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	15/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	11/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Draft PR to run the full CI matrix on the changes from #1902 (fork PR from @ziyak97). PRs from forks don't run e2e jobs by default; this branch is the same commits pushed to the upstream repo so the CI workflows fire.

Do not merge. Closes when CI is finished and #1902 is merged via its own path.

• Source PR: Fix compatibility with Zod 4.4.x #1902
• Source branch: ziyak97:main
• Source HEAD: fe5d16a9510093660b81a2f50d796f72eb7ffdf1

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
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🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	903	0	219	1122
✅ 💻 Local Development	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 📦 Local Production	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🪟 Windows	102	0	0	102
✅ 📋 Other	538	0	176	714
Total	5170	0	1052	6222

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	76	0	26
✅ example	76	0	26
✅ express	76	0	26
✅ fastify	76	0	26
✅ hono	76	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	100	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	100	0	2
✅ nitro	76	0	26
✅ nuxt	76	0	26
✅ sveltekit	95	0	7
✅ vite	76	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	102	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	76	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.040s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.012s (+0.7%)	0.972s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.041s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.968s	10	1.35x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.046s (-52.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-2.9%)	0.967s	10	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.65x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s	1.005s	0.947s	10	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.014s	0.955s	10	1.90x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.121s	1.007s	0.886s	10	3.95x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.251s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.116s (-15.7% 🟢)	1.864s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.253s (+7.4% 🔺)	2.251s (+5.4% 🔺)	1.998s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.624s (+148.0% 🔺)	2.639s (+13.1% 🔺)	2.015s	10	2.48x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.936s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.073s (-4.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.934s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.926s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.085s (-4.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.923s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.110s	2.006s	0.896s	10	1.04x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.113s	2.006s	0.893s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.115s	2.010s	0.894s	10	1.04x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.171s	2.008s	0.837s	10	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.550s (-17.3% 🟢)	4.255s (+11.8% 🔺)	2.704s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.090s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.178s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.089s	10	1.35x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.291s (+61.7% 🔺)	4.965s (+29.6% 🔺)	1.674s	10	2.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.398s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.022s (~)	0.624s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.415s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.017s (~)	0.602s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.425s (-4.6%)	11.022s (~)	0.597s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.445s (-3.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.573s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.641s	11.023s	0.382s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.676s	11.022s	0.346s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.686s	11.017s	0.331s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.780s	11.015s	0.235s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.493s (-20.5% 🟢)	15.501s (-22.6% 🟢)	2.007s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	13.680s (-42.4% 🟢)	15.036s (-40.1% 🟢)	1.356s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.385s (-11.2% 🟢)	16.897s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.512s	2	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.477s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.539s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.484s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.017s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.533s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.490s (-9.9% 🟢)	14.026s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.491s (-10.4% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.036s	14.428s	0.391s	5	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.174s	15.016s	0.843s	4	1.05x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.186s	15.018s	0.832s	4	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.263s	15.029s	0.766s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	20.739s (-58.8% 🟢)	22.736s (-56.7% 🟢)	1.997s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.013s (-67.4% 🟢)	22.739s (-65.9% 🟢)	1.726s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	22.499s (-57.2% 🟢)	24.372s (-55.4% 🟢)	1.873s	3	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.867s (-29.3% 🟢)	12.022s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.155s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	11.912s (-14.7% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.102s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.968s (-27.9% 🟢)	12.273s (-27.9% 🟢)	0.305s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.010s (-14.3% 🟢)	12.641s (-13.4% 🟢)	0.631s	8	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.942s	13.311s	0.369s	7	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.173s	14.027s	0.854s	7	1.11x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.246s	14.019s	0.773s	7	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.334s	14.017s	0.682s	7	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	33.006s (-92.2% 🟢)	35.132s (-91.7% 🟢)	2.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.144s (-72.7% 🟢)	35.491s (-71.3% 🟢)	2.347s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	34.228s (-91.3% 🟢)	36.629s (-90.7% 🟢)	2.400s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.143s (-10.3% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.864s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.183s (-27.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.823s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	1.187s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.820s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.212s	2.007s	0.794s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.238s	2.006s	0.768s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.278s	2.006s	0.728s	15	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.038s	3.007s	0.969s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.351s (-16.6% 🟢)	3.897s (-9.8% 🟢)	1.546s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.413s (-15.6% 🟢)	4.305s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.892s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.860s (+72.5% 🔺)	7.645s (+55.0% 🔺)	1.785s	4	2.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.217s (-48.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.789s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.228s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.780s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.008s	0.651s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.689s (-46.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.317s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.805s	2.073s	0.267s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	1.819s (-38.4% 🟢)	2.074s (-40.0% 🟢)	0.255s	15	1.49x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.359s	3.008s	0.649s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.583s	4.008s	0.425s	8	2.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.237s (-10.5% 🟢)	5.377s (+5.2% 🔺)	2.140s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.231s (+4.4%)	5.751s (-2.9%)	1.521s	6	1.31x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.150s (-27.5% 🟢)	6.921s (-22.3% 🟢)	1.772s	5	1.59x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.311s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.695s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.375s (-60.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.633s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.641s	2.008s	0.367s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.581s	4.010s	0.429s	8	2.73x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.487s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.011s (-44.4% 🟢)	0.524s	7	3.42x
💻 Local	Express	5.220s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.680s (-37.1% 🟢)	0.460s	6	3.98x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.566s	6.013s	0.447s	5	4.24x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.310s	7.011s	0.702s	5	4.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.711s (+62.0% 🔺)	7.260s (+31.2% 🔺)	1.549s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.242s (-30.0% 🟢)	8.377s (-23.6% 🟢)	2.135s	4	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.383s (+50.5% 🔺)	8.807s (+43.7% 🔺)	2.424s	4	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.136s (-9.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.871s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.208s	2.008s	0.799s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.006s	0.780s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.006s	0.670s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.379s (-26.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.627s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.439s (-24.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.566s	15	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.032s	2.826s	0.794s	11	1.79x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.312s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.680s (-11.7% 🟢)	1.368s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.451s (-5.1% 🟢)	4.517s (+3.9%)	2.067s	7	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.175s (+42.4% 🔺)	6.495s (+39.9% 🔺)	2.320s	5	1.81x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.206s (-48.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.4% 🟢)	0.801s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.238s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.771s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.349s	2.008s	0.659s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	2.060s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.591s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.531s	12	1.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.084s (-32.0% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.424s	12	1.73x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.189s	3.008s	0.818s	10	1.82x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.008s	0.667s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.567s	4.007s	0.440s	8	2.96x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.385s (+4.7%)	5.067s (~)	1.682s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.396s (+6.4% 🔺)	5.511s (+15.0% 🔺)	2.115s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.150s (+95.7% 🔺)	8.087s (+78.8% 🔺)	1.937s	4	1.82x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.302s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.706s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.363s (-60.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.645s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.010s	0.388s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.620s	4.010s	0.389s	8	2.78x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.964s (-45.7% 🟢)	5.515s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.550s	6	3.81x
💻 Local	Express	5.776s (-34.4% 🟢)	6.347s (-31.6% 🟢)	0.571s	6	4.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.414s	0.355s	5	4.65x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.279s	7.009s	0.730s	5	4.82x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.696s (-7.8% 🟢)	6.454s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.758s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.142s (-19.9% 🟢)	7.214s (-11.8% 🟢)	2.072s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.952s (-11.9% 🟢)	8.418s (-1.5%)	2.467s	4	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.432s (-48.5% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.574s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.456s (-44.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.550s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.489s (-50.3% 🟢)	1.004s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.515s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.517s (-47.3% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.504s	59	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.689s	1.006s	0.317s	60	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.731s	1.005s	0.275s	60	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.778s	1.022s	0.243s	59	1.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.774s (-78.4% 🟢)	6.355s (-73.5% 🟢)	1.582s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.794s (-74.8% 🟢)	6.872s (-67.8% 🟢)	2.078s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.695s (-53.8% 🟢)	9.111s (-43.4% 🟢)	2.415s	7	1.40x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.031s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.705s (-18.8% 🟢)	0.674s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.077s (-45.5% 🟢)	1.771s (-21.6% 🟢)	0.693s	51	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.172s (-61.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.834s	45	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.226s (-59.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.780s	45	1.19x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.482s	2.006s	0.523s	45	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.647s	2.008s	0.361s	45	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.821s	2.007s	0.186s	45	1.77x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.823s	2.028s	0.205s	45	1.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	12.153s (-64.8% 🟢)	14.696s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.543s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.252s (-69.0% 🟢)	13.974s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.722s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.413s (-69.1% 🟢)	18.393s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.980s	5	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.065s (-49.7% 🟢)	2.603s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.538s	47	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.070s (-48.1% 🟢)	2.527s (-42.2% 🟢)	0.457s	48	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.662s (-71.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.345s	40	1.29x
💻 Local	Express	2.770s (-69.9% 🟢)	3.084s (-69.2% 🟢)	0.314s	39	1.34x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.040s	3.396s	0.356s	36	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.207s	4.009s	0.802s	30	1.55x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.864s	4.008s	0.144s	30	1.87x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.139s	5.011s	0.873s	24	2.00x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	36.800s (-62.0% 🟢)	38.948s (-60.4% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	36.907s (-71.6% 🟢)	39.330s (-70.2% 🟢)	2.423s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.991s (-58.9% 🟢)	46.701s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.710s	3	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.174s (-38.2% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.831s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.186s (-34.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.820s	60	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.235s	1.006s	0.771s	60	1.35x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.248s	1.004s	0.756s	60	1.42x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.438s (-27.6% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.566s	60	2.51x
💻 Local	Express	0.446s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.558s	60	2.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.592s	1.005s	0.413s	60	3.39x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.030s	1.720s	0.691s	35	5.90x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.170s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.175s (+14.8% 🔺)	2.005s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.353s (+41.7% 🔺)	4.179s (+24.7% 🔺)	1.826s	15	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.757s (+85.8% 🔺)	5.657s (+49.1% 🔺)	1.900s	11	1.73x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.289s (-43.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.717s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.313s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.693s	90	1.08x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.407s	1.004s	0.597s	90	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.455s	1.006s	0.551s	90	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-13.4% 🟢)	2.797s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.598s	33	7.61x
💻 Local	Express	2.256s (-10.2% 🟢)	2.883s (-4.2%)	0.627s	32	7.81x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.531s	3.113s	0.582s	29	8.77x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.594s	3.006s	0.412s	30	8.98x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.298s (+106.7% 🔺)	8.243s (+71.5% 🔺)	1.945s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.890s (+94.9% 🔺)	9.156s (+76.3% 🔺)	2.266s	11	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.302s (+157.4% 🔺)	10.146s (+110.4% 🔺)	1.844s	9	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.580s (-29.1% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.2%)	0.425s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.632s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.374s	120	1.09x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.755s	1.004s	0.249s	120	1.30x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.940s	1.232s	0.292s	98	1.62x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.361s	6.012s	0.651s	20	9.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.844s (-12.0% 🟢)	10.448s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.604s	12	16.96x
💻 Local	Express	10.178s (-9.0% 🟢)	10.858s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.680s	12	17.54x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	11.437s	12.032s	0.595s	10	19.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	22.622s (+119.0% 🔺)	25.000s (+103.5% 🔺)	2.378s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	23.086s (+211.1% 🔺)	25.434s (+175.1% 🔺)	2.348s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.723s (+220.1% 🔺)	26.737s (+184.4% 🔺)	2.015s	5	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.132s (+468.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (+2.5%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.888s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.135s (+453.6% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.876s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.140s (+433.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-17.6% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.878s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (+459.0% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.3% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.863s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.819s	10	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.195s	2.003s	0.013s	2.020s	0.824s	10	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.712s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.527s (+59.0% 🔺)	5.739s (+2.7%)	3.610s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.182s (-43.1% 🟢)	3.059s (-42.0% 🟢)	1.920s (+158.7% 🔺)	5.378s (-17.1% 🟢)	3.196s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.846s (-29.3% 🟢)	5.106s (-41.0% 🟢)	0.694s (+9.8% 🔺)	7.636s (-22.0% 🟢)	2.789s	10	2.28x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.508s (+139.4% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.4% 🔺)	0.003s (-16.5% 🟢)	2.022s (+97.6% 🔺)	0.514s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.515s (+80.6% 🔺)	2.012s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.011s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.025s (+81.4% 🔺)	0.510s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.523s (+144.0% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-14.6% 🟢)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.503s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.538s (+103.2% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.484s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.674s	2.009s	0.004s	2.025s	0.351s	30	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.683s	2.009s	0.011s	2.024s	0.341s	30	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.976s (-8.1% 🟢)	7.556s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.314s (-23.1% 🟢)	8.520s (-3.6%)	2.543s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.052s (-79.4% 🟢)	7.327s (-76.2% 🟢)	0.322s (+187.8% 🔺)	8.197s (-74.2% 🟢)	2.145s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.951s (-23.4% 🟢)	14.331s (-21.4% 🟢)	0.308s (+45.8% 🔺)	16.231s (-14.3% 🟢)	3.280s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.652s (-32.7% 🟢)	1.010s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.034s (-17.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.661s (-31.2% 🟢)	1.034s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+21.1% 🔺)	1.056s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.395s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.775s	1.053s	0.000s	1.067s	0.291s	57	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	1.351s (+10.3% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.018s (~)	0.667s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.362s (+11.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.656s	30	2.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.446s	2.013s	0.000s	2.017s	0.571s	30	2.22x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.538s (+16.0% 🔺)	4.625s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+8.3% 🔺)	5.175s (+7.6% 🔺)	1.637s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.999s (+6.9% 🔺)	5.664s (+11.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.289s (+13.7% 🔺)	2.290s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.295s (-26.9% 🟢)	2.069s (-5.0%)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.082s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.788s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.384s (-22.7% 🟢)	2.098s (-2.0%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.729s	29	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.144s	0.000s	2.169s	0.548s	28	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.748s	3.287s	0.000s	3.295s	0.546s	19	2.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.974s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.780s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.807s	16	2.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.261s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.966s (-1.7%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.970s (-1.7%)	0.709s	16	2.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.771s (+41.0% 🔺)	6.937s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-59.3% 🟢)	7.363s (+27.1% 🔺)	1.592s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.885s (+28.3% 🔺)	7.527s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.060s (+24.8% 🔺)	2.174s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.617s (+53.4% 🔺)	9.364s (+34.1% 🔺)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	10.407s (+38.0% 🔺)	1.790s	6	1.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	15/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	11/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[TooTallNate]

Draft PR to run the full CI matrix on the changes from #1902 (fork PR from @ziyak97). PRs from forks don't run e2e jobs by default; this branch is the same commits pushed to the upstream repo so the CI workflows fire.

Do not merge. Closes when CI is finished and #1902 is merged via its own path.

• Source PR: Fix compatibility with Zod 4.4.x #1902
• Source branch: ziyak97:main
• Source HEAD: fe5d16a9510093660b81a2f50d796f72eb7ffdf1

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
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workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm
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workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 4, 2026 10:36pm

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Latest commit: fe5d16a

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[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	903	0	219	1122
✅ 💻 Local Development	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 📦 Local Production	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1209	0	219	1428
✅ 🪟 Windows	102	0	0	102
✅ 📋 Other	538	0	176	714
Total	5170	0	1052	6222

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	76	0	26
✅ example	76	0	26
✅ express	76	0	26
✅ fastify	76	0	26
✅ hono	76	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	100	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	100	0	2
✅ nitro	76	0	26
✅ nuxt	76	0	26
✅ sveltekit	95	0	7
✅ vite	76	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	77	0	25
✅ express-stable	77	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	77	0	25
✅ hono-stable	77	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	83	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	102	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	102	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	77	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	77	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	96	0	6
✅ vite-stable	77	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	102	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	77	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	77	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	76	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.040s (-10.6% 🟢)	1.012s (+0.7%)	0.972s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.041s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.010s (~)	0.968s	10	1.35x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.046s (-52.1% 🟢)	1.012s (-2.9%)	0.967s	10	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.65x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.057s	1.005s	0.947s	10	1.87x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.014s	0.955s	10	1.90x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.121s	1.007s	0.886s	10	3.95x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.251s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.116s (-15.7% 🟢)	1.864s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.253s (+7.4% 🔺)	2.251s (+5.4% 🔺)	1.998s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.624s (+148.0% 🔺)	2.639s (+13.1% 🔺)	2.015s	10	2.48x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.070s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.936s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.073s (-4.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.934s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.926s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.085s (-4.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.923s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.110s	2.006s	0.896s	10	1.04x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.113s	2.006s	0.893s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.115s	2.010s	0.894s	10	1.04x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.171s	2.008s	0.837s	10	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.550s (-17.3% 🟢)	4.255s (+11.8% 🔺)	2.704s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.090s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.178s (-12.4% 🟢)	3.089s	10	1.35x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.291s (+61.7% 🔺)	4.965s (+29.6% 🔺)	1.674s	10	2.12x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.398s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.022s (~)	0.624s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.415s (-5.0% 🟢)	11.017s (~)	0.602s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.425s (-4.6%)	11.022s (~)	0.597s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.445s (-3.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.573s	3	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.641s	11.023s	0.382s	3	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.676s	11.022s	0.346s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.686s	11.017s	0.331s	3	1.03x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.780s	11.015s	0.235s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.493s (-20.5% 🟢)	15.501s (-22.6% 🟢)	2.007s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	13.680s (-42.4% 🟢)	15.036s (-40.1% 🟢)	1.356s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.385s (-11.2% 🟢)	16.897s (-12.9% 🟢)	1.512s	2	1.14x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	13.477s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.539s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.484s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.017s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.533s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.490s (-9.9% 🟢)	14.026s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.491s (-10.4% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.536s	5	1.00x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.036s	14.428s	0.391s	5	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.174s	15.016s	0.843s	4	1.05x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.186s	15.018s	0.832s	4	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.263s	15.029s	0.766s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	20.739s (-58.8% 🟢)	22.736s (-56.7% 🟢)	1.997s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.013s (-67.4% 🟢)	22.739s (-65.9% 🟢)	1.726s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	22.499s (-57.2% 🟢)	24.372s (-55.4% 🟢)	1.873s	3	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.867s (-29.3% 🟢)	12.022s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.155s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	11.912s (-14.7% 🟢)	12.015s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.102s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	11.968s (-27.9% 🟢)	12.273s (-27.9% 🟢)	0.305s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.010s (-14.3% 🟢)	12.641s (-13.4% 🟢)	0.631s	8	1.01x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.942s	13.311s	0.369s	7	1.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.173s	14.027s	0.854s	7	1.11x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.246s	14.019s	0.773s	7	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.334s	14.017s	0.682s	7	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	33.006s (-92.2% 🟢)	35.132s (-91.7% 🟢)	2.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.144s (-72.7% 🟢)	35.491s (-71.3% 🟢)	2.347s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	34.228s (-91.3% 🟢)	36.629s (-90.7% 🟢)	2.400s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.143s (-10.3% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.864s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.183s (-27.5% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.823s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	1.187s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.820s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.212s	2.007s	0.794s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.238s	2.006s	0.768s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.278s	2.006s	0.728s	15	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.038s	3.007s	0.969s	10	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.351s (-16.6% 🟢)	3.897s (-9.8% 🟢)	1.546s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.413s (-15.6% 🟢)	4.305s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.892s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.860s (+72.5% 🔺)	7.645s (+55.0% 🔺)	1.785s	4	2.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.217s (-48.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.789s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.228s (-47.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.780s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.008s	0.651s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.689s (-46.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.317s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.805s	2.073s	0.267s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	1.819s (-38.4% 🟢)	2.074s (-40.0% 🟢)	0.255s	15	1.49x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.359s	3.008s	0.649s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.583s	4.008s	0.425s	8	2.94x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.237s (-10.5% 🟢)	5.377s (+5.2% 🔺)	2.140s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.231s (+4.4%)	5.751s (-2.9%)	1.521s	6	1.31x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.150s (-27.5% 🟢)	6.921s (-22.3% 🟢)	1.772s	5	1.59x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.311s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.695s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.375s (-60.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.633s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.641s	2.008s	0.367s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.581s	4.010s	0.429s	8	2.73x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.487s (-46.3% 🟢)	5.011s (-44.4% 🟢)	0.524s	7	3.42x
💻 Local	Express	5.220s (-37.4% 🟢)	5.680s (-37.1% 🟢)	0.460s	6	3.98x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.566s	6.013s	0.447s	5	4.24x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.310s	7.011s	0.702s	5	4.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.711s (+62.0% 🔺)	7.260s (+31.2% 🔺)	1.549s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.242s (-30.0% 🟢)	8.377s (-23.6% 🟢)	2.135s	4	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.383s (+50.5% 🔺)	8.807s (+43.7% 🔺)	2.424s	4	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.136s (-9.6% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.871s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.208s	2.008s	0.799s	15	1.06x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.006s	0.780s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.006s	0.670s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.379s (-26.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.627s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.439s (-24.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.566s	15	1.27x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.032s	2.826s	0.794s	11	1.79x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.312s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.680s (-11.7% 🟢)	1.368s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.451s (-5.1% 🟢)	4.517s (+3.9%)	2.067s	7	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.175s (+42.4% 🔺)	6.495s (+39.9% 🔺)	2.320s	5	1.81x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.206s (-48.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.4% 🟢)	0.801s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.238s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.771s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.349s	2.008s	0.659s	15	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	2.060s (-34.2% 🟢)	2.591s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.531s	12	1.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.084s (-32.0% 🟢)	2.508s (-35.5% 🟢)	0.424s	12	1.73x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.189s	3.008s	0.818s	10	1.82x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.008s	0.667s	10	1.94x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.567s	4.007s	0.440s	8	2.96x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.385s (+4.7%)	5.067s (~)	1.682s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.396s (+6.4% 🔺)	5.511s (+15.0% 🔺)	2.115s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.150s (+95.7% 🔺)	8.087s (+78.8% 🔺)	1.937s	4	1.82x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.302s (-62.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.706s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.363s (-60.8% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.645s	15	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.010s	0.388s	15	1.25x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.620s	4.010s	0.389s	8	2.78x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.964s (-45.7% 🟢)	5.515s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.550s	6	3.81x
💻 Local	Express	5.776s (-34.4% 🟢)	6.347s (-31.6% 🟢)	0.571s	6	4.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.059s	6.414s	0.355s	5	4.65x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.279s	7.009s	0.730s	5	4.82x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.696s (-7.8% 🟢)	6.454s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.758s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.142s (-19.9% 🟢)	7.214s (-11.8% 🟢)	2.072s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.952s (-11.9% 🟢)	8.418s (-1.5%)	2.467s	4	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.432s (-48.5% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.574s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.456s (-44.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.550s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.489s (-50.3% 🟢)	1.004s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.515s	60	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.517s (-47.3% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.504s	59	1.20x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.689s	1.006s	0.317s	60	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.731s	1.005s	0.275s	60	1.69x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.778s	1.022s	0.243s	59	1.80x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.774s (-78.4% 🟢)	6.355s (-73.5% 🟢)	1.582s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.794s (-74.8% 🟢)	6.872s (-67.8% 🟢)	2.078s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.695s (-53.8% 🟢)	9.111s (-43.4% 🟢)	2.415s	7	1.40x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.031s (-46.5% 🟢)	1.705s (-18.8% 🟢)	0.674s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.077s (-45.5% 🟢)	1.771s (-21.6% 🟢)	0.693s	51	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.172s (-61.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.834s	45	1.14x
💻 Local	Express	1.226s (-59.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.780s	45	1.19x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.482s	2.006s	0.523s	45	1.44x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.647s	2.008s	0.361s	45	1.60x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.821s	2.007s	0.186s	45	1.77x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.823s	2.028s	0.205s	45	1.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	12.153s (-64.8% 🟢)	14.696s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.543s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.252s (-69.0% 🟢)	13.974s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.722s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.413s (-69.1% 🟢)	18.393s (-64.4% 🟢)	2.980s	5	1.27x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.065s (-49.7% 🟢)	2.603s (-43.5% 🟢)	0.538s	47	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.070s (-48.1% 🟢)	2.527s (-42.2% 🟢)	0.457s	48	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.662s (-71.4% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.345s	40	1.29x
💻 Local	Express	2.770s (-69.9% 🟢)	3.084s (-69.2% 🟢)	0.314s	39	1.34x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.040s	3.396s	0.356s	36	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.207s	4.009s	0.802s	30	1.55x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.864s	4.008s	0.144s	30	1.87x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.139s	5.011s	0.873s	24	2.00x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	36.800s (-62.0% 🟢)	38.948s (-60.4% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	36.907s (-71.6% 🟢)	39.330s (-70.2% 🟢)	2.423s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	43.991s (-58.9% 🟢)	46.701s (-57.1% 🟢)	2.710s	3	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.174s (-38.2% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.831s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.186s (-34.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.820s	60	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.235s	1.006s	0.771s	60	1.35x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.248s	1.004s	0.756s	60	1.42x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.438s (-27.6% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.566s	60	2.51x
💻 Local	Express	0.446s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.558s	60	2.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.592s	1.005s	0.413s	60	3.39x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.030s	1.720s	0.691s	35	5.90x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.170s (+11.0% 🔺)	4.175s (+14.8% 🔺)	2.005s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.353s (+41.7% 🔺)	4.179s (+24.7% 🔺)	1.826s	15	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.757s (+85.8% 🔺)	5.657s (+49.1% 🔺)	1.900s	11	1.73x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.289s (-43.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.717s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.313s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.693s	90	1.08x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.407s	1.004s	0.597s	90	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.455s	1.006s	0.551s	90	1.58x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.198s (-13.4% 🟢)	2.797s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.598s	33	7.61x
💻 Local	Express	2.256s (-10.2% 🟢)	2.883s (-4.2%)	0.627s	32	7.81x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.531s	3.113s	0.582s	29	8.77x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.594s	3.006s	0.412s	30	8.98x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.298s (+106.7% 🔺)	8.243s (+71.5% 🔺)	1.945s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.890s (+94.9% 🔺)	9.156s (+76.3% 🔺)	2.266s	11	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.302s (+157.4% 🔺)	10.146s (+110.4% 🔺)	1.844s	9	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.580s (-29.1% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.2%)	0.425s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.632s (-20.1% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.374s	120	1.09x
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.755s	1.004s	0.249s	120	1.30x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.940s	1.232s	0.292s	98	1.62x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.361s	6.012s	0.651s	20	9.24x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.844s (-12.0% 🟢)	10.448s (-10.4% 🟢)	0.604s	12	16.96x
💻 Local	Express	10.178s (-9.0% 🟢)	10.858s (-9.1% 🟢)	0.680s	12	17.54x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	11.437s	12.032s	0.595s	10	19.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	22.622s (+119.0% 🔺)	25.000s (+103.5% 🔺)	2.378s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	23.086s (+211.1% 🔺)	25.434s (+175.1% 🔺)	2.348s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.723s (+220.1% 🔺)	26.737s (+184.4% 🔺)	2.015s	5	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.132s (+468.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (+2.5%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.888s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.135s (+453.6% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.876s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.140s (+433.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-17.6% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.878s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.147s (+459.0% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.3% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.009s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.863s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.819s	10	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.195s	2.003s	0.013s	2.020s	0.824s	10	1.06x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.129s (-15.0% 🟢)	3.712s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.527s (+59.0% 🔺)	5.739s (+2.7%)	3.610s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.182s (-43.1% 🟢)	3.059s (-42.0% 🟢)	1.920s (+158.7% 🔺)	5.378s (-17.1% 🟢)	3.196s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.846s (-29.3% 🟢)	5.106s (-41.0% 🟢)	0.694s (+9.8% 🔺)	7.636s (-22.0% 🟢)	2.789s	10	2.28x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.508s (+139.4% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.4% 🔺)	0.003s (-16.5% 🟢)	2.022s (+97.6% 🔺)	0.514s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.515s (+80.6% 🔺)	2.012s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.011s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.025s (+81.4% 🔺)	0.510s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.523s (+144.0% 🔺)	2.001s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.004s (-14.6% 🟢)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.503s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.538s (+103.2% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+9.4% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.484s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.674s	2.009s	0.004s	2.025s	0.351s	30	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.683s	2.009s	0.011s	2.024s	0.341s	30	1.12x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.976s (-8.1% 🟢)	7.556s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.314s (-23.1% 🟢)	8.520s (-3.6%)	2.543s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.052s (-79.4% 🟢)	7.327s (-76.2% 🟢)	0.322s (+187.8% 🔺)	8.197s (-74.2% 🟢)	2.145s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.951s (-23.4% 🟢)	14.331s (-21.4% 🟢)	0.308s (+45.8% 🔺)	16.231s (-14.3% 🟢)	3.280s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.652s (-32.7% 🟢)	1.010s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.034s (-17.8% 🟢)	0.382s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.661s (-31.2% 🟢)	1.034s (-19.1% 🟢)	0.000s (+21.1% 🔺)	1.056s (-19.2% 🟢)	0.395s	57	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.775s	1.053s	0.000s	1.067s	0.291s	57	1.19x
💻 Local	Express	1.351s (+10.3% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.018s (~)	0.667s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.362s (+11.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+233.3% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.656s	30	2.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.446s	2.013s	0.000s	2.017s	0.571s	30	2.22x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.538s (+16.0% 🔺)	4.625s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+8.3% 🔺)	5.175s (+7.6% 🔺)	1.637s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.999s (+6.9% 🔺)	5.664s (+11.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-45.0% 🟢)	6.289s (+13.7% 🔺)	2.290s	10	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.295s (-26.9% 🟢)	2.069s (-5.0%)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.082s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.788s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.384s (-22.7% 🟢)	2.098s (-2.0%)	0.000s (-3.4%)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.729s	29	1.07x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.622s	2.144s	0.000s	2.169s	0.548s	28	1.25x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.748s	3.287s	0.000s	3.295s	0.546s	19	2.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.974s (-12.2% 🟢)	3.780s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.782s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.807s	16	2.30x
💻 Local	Express	3.261s (-6.0% 🟢)	3.966s (-1.7%)	0.000s (-53.1% 🟢)	3.970s (-1.7%)	0.709s	16	2.52x
🌐 MongoDB	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-
🌐 Redis	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.771s (+41.0% 🔺)	6.937s (+29.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-59.3% 🟢)	7.363s (+27.1% 🔺)	1.592s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.885s (+28.3% 🔺)	7.527s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.060s (+24.8% 🔺)	2.174s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	8.617s (+53.4% 🔺)	9.364s (+34.1% 🔺)	0.000s (+166.7% 🔺)	10.407s (+38.0% 🔺)	1.790s	6	1.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	15/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	11/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	17/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	11/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

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