[tests] Fix abort-fetch e2e flake

[VaguelySerious]

abortFetchInFlightWorkflow was the most flaky e2e test, with a sibling flake in abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow. Both race a slow fetch against a 2s sleep, and the diagnostic commit in this PR confirmed the root cause: httpbin.org/delay/30 returns HTTP 502 from GH Actions runners in 56ms–1709ms intermittently — hit 4 times in a single CI run on the diagnostic commit alone.

Two failure modes, both caused by the same 502:

• 502 in <2s → winner='fetch' (fetch wins the race) → first assertion fails
• 502 in ~1.7s → winner='timeout' (sleep wins) but the 502 had already resolved, so fetchResult.aborted=false → later assertions fail

Changes

Commit 1 — diagnostics.fetchWithSignal now reports status, elapsedMs, and per-URL attempts. The two test assertions include the full returnValue JSON in their failure messages, so any future flake immediately shows what the upstream returned instead of just expected 'fetch' to be 'timeout'.

Commit 2 — fallback. Switch the slow-endpoint URL from a single httpbin.org/delay/30 to a primary postman-echo.com/delay/10 with httpbin.org/delay/10 as a fallback. The step only calls the fallback when the primary returns a 5xx or non-AbortError network failure — successful or aborted responses short-circuit. Both upstreams would need to be unhealthy at the same instant to flake the test.

The original concern (per-workbench /api/delay route) is sidestepped — we stay on shared external services but stop depending on any single one.

[vercel]

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Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
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workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
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Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
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[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 017645f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 0 packages

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[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.033s (-26.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.973s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.050s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.962s	10	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.6% 🟢)	1.019s (-2.3%)	0.963s	10	1.79x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.012s	0.954s	10	1.86x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.245s (-2.4%)	2.250s (-3.6%)	2.004s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.408s (~)	2.303s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.895s	10	1.66x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.062s (-6.9% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.947s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.071s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.935s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.076s (-4.3%)	2.006s (~)	0.930s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.927s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s	2.006s	0.898s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.117s	2.009s	0.892s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.651s (-57.6% 🟢)	3.291s (-44.3% 🟢)	1.640s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.795s (-11.8% 🟢)	3.884s (+1.4%)	2.089s	10	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.419s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.603s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.427s (-4.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.591s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.439s (-4.4%)	11.022s (~)	0.583s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.509s (-3.3%)	11.045s (~)	0.536s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.680s	11.020s	0.341s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.748s	11.022s	0.274s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.455s (-43.3% 🟢)	15.211s (-39.4% 🟢)	1.756s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.630s (-21.3% 🟢)	15.628s (-19.4% 🟢)	1.998s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.457s (-10.7% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.569s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.472s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.019s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.547s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.534s (-9.6% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.493s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.897s (-4.8%)	14.439s (-3.9%)	0.542s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.107s	15.030s	0.924s	4	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.220s	15.017s	0.798s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.543s (-68.1% 🟢)	21.668s (-67.5% 🟢)	1.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.343s (-59.4% 🟢)	23.532s (-56.9% 🟢)	2.189s	3	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.885s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.136s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.923s (-14.9% 🟢)	12.020s (-17.6% 🟢)	0.097s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.049s (-27.4% 🟢)	12.524s (-26.5% 🟢)	0.475s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.175s (-5.7% 🟢)	13.591s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.415s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.401s	14.018s	0.616s	7	1.13x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.419s	14.170s	0.750s	7	1.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	26.586s (-93.7% 🟢)	28.027s (-93.4% 🟢)	1.441s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.430s (-93.0% 🟢)	29.339s (-92.6% 🟢)	1.908s	4	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.186s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.819s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.190s (-27.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.816s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.198s	2.007s	0.809s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.271s	2.006s	0.735s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.343s (+5.4% 🔺)	2.012s (~)	0.669s	15	1.17x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.374s (-15.8% 🟢)	3.542s (-18.1% 🟢)	1.168s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.386s (-29.8% 🟢)	3.775s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.390s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.193s (-49.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.814s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.354s	2.006s	0.652s	15	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.498s (-36.3% 🟢)	2.164s (-28.1% 🟢)	0.666s	14	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.761s (-44.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.244s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.825s	2.294s	0.468s	14	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.293s (-33.6% 🟢)	0.287s	14	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.145s (+2.3%)	5.379s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.234s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.566s (-35.7% 🟢)	6.327s (-29.0% 🟢)	1.761s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.327s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.681s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.639s	2.008s	0.369s	15	1.24x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.697s (-51.2% 🟢)	2.344s (-41.5% 🟢)	0.648s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.871s	5.345s	0.474s	6	3.67x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.064s (-39.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-37.0% 🟢)	0.616s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.506s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.214s (-31.2% 🟢)	0.708s	5	4.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.942s (+68.6% 🔺)	8.267s (+49.4% 🔺)	2.325s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.527s (-26.8% 🟢)	8.273s (-24.5% 🟢)	1.747s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.169s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.839s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.194s	2.008s	0.814s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.382s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.631s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.587s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.485s (-21.6% 🟢)	2.007s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.522s	15	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.733s	2.391s	0.658s	13	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.632s (-10.2% 🟢)	4.572s (-1.5%)	1.940s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.812s (+14.3% 🔺)	4.353s (+4.4%)	1.541s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.202s (-48.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.806s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.009s	0.673s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.912s (-18.3% 🟢)	2.506s (-16.8% 🟢)	0.594s	13	1.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.984s	2.507s	0.523s	12	1.65x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.129s (-30.5% 🟢)	2.592s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.463s	12	1.77x
💻 Local	Express	2.173s (-30.6% 🟢)	2.592s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.419s	12	1.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.637s (+15.7% 🔺)	5.188s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.551s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.661s (+13.2% 🔺)	4.893s (-3.6%)	1.232s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.316s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.691s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.643s	2.074s	0.431s	15	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.764s (-49.3% 🟢)	2.514s (-37.3% 🟢)	0.749s	12	1.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.630s	6.012s	0.382s	5	4.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.033s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.414s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.381s	5	4.59x
💻 Local	Express	6.294s (-28.5% 🟢)	6.617s (-28.6% 🟢)	0.322s	5	4.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.579s (-17.4% 🟢)	7.709s (-9.8% 🟢)	2.130s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.998s (+17.8% 🔺)	7.479s (+9.7% 🔺)	1.481s	5	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.446s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.561s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.502s (-48.8% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.519s	59	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.523s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.499s	59	1.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.684s	1.006s	0.322s	60	1.54x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.721s (-12.1% 🟢)	1.287s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.566s	47	1.62x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.732s	1.004s	0.272s	60	1.64x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.217s (-76.3% 🟢)	6.824s (-71.6% 🟢)	1.607s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.947s (-59.0% 🟢)	7.591s (-52.8% 🟢)	1.644s	9	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.049s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.706s (-24.4% 🟢)	0.657s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.157s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.558s (-25.8% 🟢)	0.401s	58	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.219s (-59.8% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.786s	45	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.286s (-57.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-44.0% 🟢)	0.721s	45	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.589s	2.007s	0.418s	45	1.52x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.831s	2.027s	0.196s	45	1.75x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.806s (-67.6% 🟢)	14.529s (-64.8% 🟢)	1.723s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.083s (-71.7% 🟢)	16.343s (-68.4% 🟢)	2.260s	6	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.135s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.735s (-37.4% 🟢)	0.599s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.498s (-39.1% 🟢)	3.039s (-34.0% 🟢)	0.540s	40	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.720s (-70.8% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.288s	40	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	2.853s (-69.0% 🟢)	3.110s (-69.0% 🟢)	0.258s	39	1.34x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.162s	4.008s	0.845s	30	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.918s	4.366s	0.448s	28	1.83x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	28.344s (-70.8% 🟢)	30.492s (-69.0% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	31.614s (-70.5% 🟢)	33.488s (-69.3% 🟢)	1.873s	4	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.827s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.224s	1.006s	0.781s	60	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.408s (+44.1% 🔺)	1.066s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.658s	57	2.28x
💻 Local	Express	0.419s (-25.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.586s	60	2.34x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.422s (-30.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.583s	60	2.36x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	3.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.297s (+13.6% 🔺)	4.099s (+8.1% 🔺)	1.803s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.314s (+39.3% 🔺)	3.753s (+12.0% 🔺)	1.439s	16	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.337s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.017s (+1.1%)	0.680s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.415s (-16.3% 🟢)	1.050s (+4.3%)	0.635s	86	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.423s	1.006s	0.583s	90	1.25x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.159s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.821s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.662s	32	6.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.198s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.912s (-3.2%)	0.714s	31	6.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.202s	3.042s	0.840s	30	6.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.760s (+47.6% 🔺)	6.224s (+29.1% 🔺)	1.463s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (+50.6% 🔺)	7.178s (+38.2% 🔺)	1.853s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.612s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.137s (+12.9% 🔺)	0.525s	106	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.614s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.392s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.889s	1.068s	0.179s	114	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.117s (-9.6% 🟢)	10.860s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.742s	12	16.52x
💻 Local	Express	10.585s (-5.4% 🟢)	11.118s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.534s	11	17.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.824s	11.483s	0.659s	11	17.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.197s (+70.9% 🔺)	14.742s (+56.8% 🔺)	1.545s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.457s (+40.0% 🔺)	16.425s (+33.7% 🔺)	1.969s	8	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.130s (+428.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-2.4%)	2.020s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.890s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.138s (+471.4% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+4.1%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.882s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.142s (+456.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.2% 🔺)	0.001s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.868s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.188s (+479.4% 🔺)	1.998s (+99.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-73.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.823s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.001s	0.001s	2.010s	0.817s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.211s	2.004s	0.011s	2.018s	0.808s	10	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-45.5% 🟢)	3.011s (-42.9% 🟢)	1.894s (+155.2% 🔺)	5.290s (-18.4% 🟢)	3.202s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.093s (-69.5% 🟢)	3.282s (-62.1% 🟢)	1.741s (+175.5% 🔺)	5.489s (-43.9% 🟢)	3.396s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.531s (+143.0% 🔺)	2.004s (+99.1% 🔺)	0.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.495s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.584s (+109.2% 🔺)	2.012s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.012s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.026s (+94.8% 🔺)	0.442s	30	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.676s	2.010s	0.010s	2.023s	0.348s	30	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.707s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.318s	30	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.719s (+104.9% 🔺)	2.011s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.009s (+1.0%)	2.202s (+97.3% 🔺)	0.483s	28	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.952s (+212.8% 🔺)	2.340s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.002s (-46.1% 🟢)	2.377s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.425s	26	1.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.918s (-79.9% 🟢)	6.798s (-77.9% 🟢)	0.332s (+196.4% 🔺)	7.549s (-76.2% 🟢)	1.631s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.954s (-64.8% 🟢)	7.332s (-59.8% 🟢)	0.420s (+98.8% 🔺)	8.223s (-56.6% 🟢)	2.269s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.660s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.030s (-19.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.046s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.386s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.769s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.272s	58	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.863s (-11.0% 🟢)	1.301s (+4.3%)	0.000s (-46.7% 🟢)	1.338s (+6.4% 🔺)	0.475s	45	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.369s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+266.7% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.648s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-30.0% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.604s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.427s	2.015s	0.000s	2.018s	0.591s	30	2.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.825s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.711s (+7.2% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.163s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.338s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.097s (-59.8% 🟢)	5.684s (-50.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.262s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.165s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.336s (-24.6% 🟢)	2.029s (-6.8% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.058s (-6.4% 🟢)	0.722s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.614s	2.180s	0.000s	2.192s	0.578s	28	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.659s (+48.4% 🔺)	3.258s (+52.2% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	3.312s (+52.3% 🔺)	0.653s	19	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.848s	3.364s	0.001s	3.368s	0.520s	18	2.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.104s (-8.4% 🟢)	3.839s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+28.9% 🔺)	3.843s (-4.8%)	0.739s	16	2.32x
💻 Local	Express	3.316s (-4.4%)	3.844s (-4.7%)	0.001s (+1.6%)	3.849s (-4.6%)	0.533s	16	2.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.675s (+38.6% 🔺)	6.613s (+23.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.055s (+21.8% 🔺)	1.380s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.436s (+14.6% 🔺)	7.743s (+10.9% 🔺)	0.002s (+1700.0% 🔺)	8.446s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.010s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	13/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for 76d786e (AI decision).

This commit fixes flakes in abortFetchInFlightWorkflow and abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow e2e tests and the supporting fetchWithSignal step. Verified via git show origin/stable that none of these tests, the workflow definitions, or the step function exist on stable — the changes have no target to apply to.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

76d786efa1ab0bc2eba5d0f92a08096d07c8211a

[VaguelySerious]

abortFetchInFlightWorkflow was the most flaky e2e test, with a sibling flake in abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow. Both race a slow fetch against a 2s sleep, and the diagnostic commit in this PR confirmed the root cause: httpbin.org/delay/30 returns HTTP 502 from GH Actions runners in 56ms–1709ms intermittently — hit 4 times in a single CI run on the diagnostic commit alone.

Two failure modes, both caused by the same 502:

• 502 in <2s → winner='fetch' (fetch wins the race) → first assertion fails
• 502 in ~1.7s → winner='timeout' (sleep wins) but the 502 had already resolved, so fetchResult.aborted=false → later assertions fail

Changes

Commit 1 — diagnostics.fetchWithSignal now reports status, elapsedMs, and per-URL attempts. The two test assertions include the full returnValue JSON in their failure messages, so any future flake immediately shows what the upstream returned instead of just expected 'fetch' to be 'timeout'.

Commit 2 — fallback. Switch the slow-endpoint URL from a single httpbin.org/delay/30 to a primary postman-echo.com/delay/10 with httpbin.org/delay/10 as a fallback. The step only calls the fallback when the primary returns a 5xx or non-AbortError network failure — successful or aborted responses short-circuit. Both upstreams would need to be unhealthy at the same instant to flake the test.

The original concern (per-workbench /api/delay route) is sidestepped — we stay on shared external services but stop depending on any single one.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Skipped		May 22, 2026 11:09am

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 017645f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 0 packages

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.033s (-26.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.973s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.050s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.962s	10	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.6% 🟢)	1.019s (-2.3%)	0.963s	10	1.79x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.012s	0.954s	10	1.86x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.245s (-2.4%)	2.250s (-3.6%)	2.004s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.408s (~)	2.303s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.895s	10	1.66x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.062s (-6.9% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.947s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.071s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.935s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.076s (-4.3%)	2.006s (~)	0.930s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.927s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s	2.006s	0.898s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.117s	2.009s	0.892s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.651s (-57.6% 🟢)	3.291s (-44.3% 🟢)	1.640s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.795s (-11.8% 🟢)	3.884s (+1.4%)	2.089s	10	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.419s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.603s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.427s (-4.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.591s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.439s (-4.4%)	11.022s (~)	0.583s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.509s (-3.3%)	11.045s (~)	0.536s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.680s	11.020s	0.341s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.748s	11.022s	0.274s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.455s (-43.3% 🟢)	15.211s (-39.4% 🟢)	1.756s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.630s (-21.3% 🟢)	15.628s (-19.4% 🟢)	1.998s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.457s (-10.7% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.569s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.472s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.019s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.547s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.534s (-9.6% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.493s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.897s (-4.8%)	14.439s (-3.9%)	0.542s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.107s	15.030s	0.924s	4	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.220s	15.017s	0.798s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.543s (-68.1% 🟢)	21.668s (-67.5% 🟢)	1.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.343s (-59.4% 🟢)	23.532s (-56.9% 🟢)	2.189s	3	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.885s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.136s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.923s (-14.9% 🟢)	12.020s (-17.6% 🟢)	0.097s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.049s (-27.4% 🟢)	12.524s (-26.5% 🟢)	0.475s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.175s (-5.7% 🟢)	13.591s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.415s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.401s	14.018s	0.616s	7	1.13x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.419s	14.170s	0.750s	7	1.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	26.586s (-93.7% 🟢)	28.027s (-93.4% 🟢)	1.441s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.430s (-93.0% 🟢)	29.339s (-92.6% 🟢)	1.908s	4	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.186s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.819s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.190s (-27.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.816s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.198s	2.007s	0.809s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.271s	2.006s	0.735s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.343s (+5.4% 🔺)	2.012s (~)	0.669s	15	1.17x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.374s (-15.8% 🟢)	3.542s (-18.1% 🟢)	1.168s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.386s (-29.8% 🟢)	3.775s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.390s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.193s (-49.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.814s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.354s	2.006s	0.652s	15	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.498s (-36.3% 🟢)	2.164s (-28.1% 🟢)	0.666s	14	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.761s (-44.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.244s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.825s	2.294s	0.468s	14	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.293s (-33.6% 🟢)	0.287s	14	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.145s (+2.3%)	5.379s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.234s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.566s (-35.7% 🟢)	6.327s (-29.0% 🟢)	1.761s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.327s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.681s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.639s	2.008s	0.369s	15	1.24x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.697s (-51.2% 🟢)	2.344s (-41.5% 🟢)	0.648s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.871s	5.345s	0.474s	6	3.67x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.064s (-39.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-37.0% 🟢)	0.616s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.506s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.214s (-31.2% 🟢)	0.708s	5	4.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.942s (+68.6% 🔺)	8.267s (+49.4% 🔺)	2.325s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.527s (-26.8% 🟢)	8.273s (-24.5% 🟢)	1.747s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.169s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.839s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.194s	2.008s	0.814s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.382s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.631s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.587s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.485s (-21.6% 🟢)	2.007s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.522s	15	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.733s	2.391s	0.658s	13	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.632s (-10.2% 🟢)	4.572s (-1.5%)	1.940s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.812s (+14.3% 🔺)	4.353s (+4.4%)	1.541s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.202s (-48.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.806s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.009s	0.673s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.912s (-18.3% 🟢)	2.506s (-16.8% 🟢)	0.594s	13	1.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.984s	2.507s	0.523s	12	1.65x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.129s (-30.5% 🟢)	2.592s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.463s	12	1.77x
💻 Local	Express	2.173s (-30.6% 🟢)	2.592s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.419s	12	1.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.637s (+15.7% 🔺)	5.188s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.551s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.661s (+13.2% 🔺)	4.893s (-3.6%)	1.232s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.316s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.691s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.643s	2.074s	0.431s	15	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.764s (-49.3% 🟢)	2.514s (-37.3% 🟢)	0.749s	12	1.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.630s	6.012s	0.382s	5	4.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.033s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.414s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.381s	5	4.59x
💻 Local	Express	6.294s (-28.5% 🟢)	6.617s (-28.6% 🟢)	0.322s	5	4.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.579s (-17.4% 🟢)	7.709s (-9.8% 🟢)	2.130s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.998s (+17.8% 🔺)	7.479s (+9.7% 🔺)	1.481s	5	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.446s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.561s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.502s (-48.8% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.519s	59	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.523s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.499s	59	1.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.684s	1.006s	0.322s	60	1.54x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.721s (-12.1% 🟢)	1.287s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.566s	47	1.62x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.732s	1.004s	0.272s	60	1.64x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.217s (-76.3% 🟢)	6.824s (-71.6% 🟢)	1.607s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.947s (-59.0% 🟢)	7.591s (-52.8% 🟢)	1.644s	9	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.049s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.706s (-24.4% 🟢)	0.657s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.157s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.558s (-25.8% 🟢)	0.401s	58	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.219s (-59.8% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.786s	45	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.286s (-57.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-44.0% 🟢)	0.721s	45	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.589s	2.007s	0.418s	45	1.52x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.831s	2.027s	0.196s	45	1.75x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.806s (-67.6% 🟢)	14.529s (-64.8% 🟢)	1.723s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.083s (-71.7% 🟢)	16.343s (-68.4% 🟢)	2.260s	6	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.135s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.735s (-37.4% 🟢)	0.599s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.498s (-39.1% 🟢)	3.039s (-34.0% 🟢)	0.540s	40	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.720s (-70.8% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.288s	40	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	2.853s (-69.0% 🟢)	3.110s (-69.0% 🟢)	0.258s	39	1.34x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.162s	4.008s	0.845s	30	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.918s	4.366s	0.448s	28	1.83x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	28.344s (-70.8% 🟢)	30.492s (-69.0% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	31.614s (-70.5% 🟢)	33.488s (-69.3% 🟢)	1.873s	4	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.827s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.224s	1.006s	0.781s	60	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.408s (+44.1% 🔺)	1.066s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.658s	57	2.28x
💻 Local	Express	0.419s (-25.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.586s	60	2.34x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.422s (-30.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.583s	60	2.36x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	3.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.297s (+13.6% 🔺)	4.099s (+8.1% 🔺)	1.803s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.314s (+39.3% 🔺)	3.753s (+12.0% 🔺)	1.439s	16	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.337s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.017s (+1.1%)	0.680s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.415s (-16.3% 🟢)	1.050s (+4.3%)	0.635s	86	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.423s	1.006s	0.583s	90	1.25x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.159s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.821s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.662s	32	6.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.198s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.912s (-3.2%)	0.714s	31	6.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.202s	3.042s	0.840s	30	6.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.760s (+47.6% 🔺)	6.224s (+29.1% 🔺)	1.463s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (+50.6% 🔺)	7.178s (+38.2% 🔺)	1.853s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.612s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.137s (+12.9% 🔺)	0.525s	106	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.614s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.392s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.889s	1.068s	0.179s	114	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.117s (-9.6% 🟢)	10.860s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.742s	12	16.52x
💻 Local	Express	10.585s (-5.4% 🟢)	11.118s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.534s	11	17.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.824s	11.483s	0.659s	11	17.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.197s (+70.9% 🔺)	14.742s (+56.8% 🔺)	1.545s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.457s (+40.0% 🔺)	16.425s (+33.7% 🔺)	1.969s	8	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.130s (+428.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-2.4%)	2.020s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.890s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.138s (+471.4% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+4.1%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.882s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.142s (+456.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.2% 🔺)	0.001s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.868s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.188s (+479.4% 🔺)	1.998s (+99.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-73.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.823s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.001s	0.001s	2.010s	0.817s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.211s	2.004s	0.011s	2.018s	0.808s	10	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-45.5% 🟢)	3.011s (-42.9% 🟢)	1.894s (+155.2% 🔺)	5.290s (-18.4% 🟢)	3.202s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.093s (-69.5% 🟢)	3.282s (-62.1% 🟢)	1.741s (+175.5% 🔺)	5.489s (-43.9% 🟢)	3.396s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.531s (+143.0% 🔺)	2.004s (+99.1% 🔺)	0.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.495s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.584s (+109.2% 🔺)	2.012s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.012s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.026s (+94.8% 🔺)	0.442s	30	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.676s	2.010s	0.010s	2.023s	0.348s	30	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.707s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.318s	30	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.719s (+104.9% 🔺)	2.011s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.009s (+1.0%)	2.202s (+97.3% 🔺)	0.483s	28	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.952s (+212.8% 🔺)	2.340s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.002s (-46.1% 🟢)	2.377s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.425s	26	1.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.918s (-79.9% 🟢)	6.798s (-77.9% 🟢)	0.332s (+196.4% 🔺)	7.549s (-76.2% 🟢)	1.631s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.954s (-64.8% 🟢)	7.332s (-59.8% 🟢)	0.420s (+98.8% 🔺)	8.223s (-56.6% 🟢)	2.269s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.660s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.030s (-19.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.046s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.386s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.769s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.272s	58	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.863s (-11.0% 🟢)	1.301s (+4.3%)	0.000s (-46.7% 🟢)	1.338s (+6.4% 🔺)	0.475s	45	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.369s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+266.7% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.648s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-30.0% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.604s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.427s	2.015s	0.000s	2.018s	0.591s	30	2.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.825s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.711s (+7.2% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.163s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.338s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.097s (-59.8% 🟢)	5.684s (-50.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.262s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.165s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.336s (-24.6% 🟢)	2.029s (-6.8% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.058s (-6.4% 🟢)	0.722s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.614s	2.180s	0.000s	2.192s	0.578s	28	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.659s (+48.4% 🔺)	3.258s (+52.2% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	3.312s (+52.3% 🔺)	0.653s	19	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.848s	3.364s	0.001s	3.368s	0.520s	18	2.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.104s (-8.4% 🟢)	3.839s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+28.9% 🔺)	3.843s (-4.8%)	0.739s	16	2.32x
💻 Local	Express	3.316s (-4.4%)	3.844s (-4.7%)	0.001s (+1.6%)	3.849s (-4.6%)	0.533s	16	2.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.675s (+38.6% 🔺)	6.613s (+23.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.055s (+21.8% 🔺)	1.380s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.436s (+14.6% 🔺)	7.743s (+10.9% 🔺)	0.002s (+1700.0% 🔺)	8.446s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.010s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	13/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for 76d786e (AI decision).

This commit fixes flakes in abortFetchInFlightWorkflow and abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow e2e tests and the supporting fetchWithSignal step. Verified via git show origin/stable that none of these tests, the workflow definitions, or the step function exist on stable — the changes have no target to apply to.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

76d786efa1ab0bc2eba5d0f92a08096d07c8211a

[VaguelySerious]

abortFetchInFlightWorkflow was the most flaky e2e test, with a sibling flake in abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow. Both race a slow fetch against a 2s sleep, and the diagnostic commit in this PR confirmed the root cause: httpbin.org/delay/30 returns HTTP 502 from GH Actions runners in 56ms–1709ms intermittently — hit 4 times in a single CI run on the diagnostic commit alone.

Two failure modes, both caused by the same 502:

• 502 in <2s → winner='fetch' (fetch wins the race) → first assertion fails
• 502 in ~1.7s → winner='timeout' (sleep wins) but the 502 had already resolved, so fetchResult.aborted=false → later assertions fail

Changes

Commit 1 — diagnostics.fetchWithSignal now reports status, elapsedMs, and per-URL attempts. The two test assertions include the full returnValue JSON in their failure messages, so any future flake immediately shows what the upstream returned instead of just expected 'fetch' to be 'timeout'.

Commit 2 — fallback. Switch the slow-endpoint URL from a single httpbin.org/delay/30 to a primary postman-echo.com/delay/10 with httpbin.org/delay/10 as a fallback. The step only calls the fallback when the primary returns a 5xx or non-AbortError network failure — successful or aborted responses short-circuit. Both upstreams would need to be unhealthy at the same instant to flake the test.

The original concern (per-workbench /api/delay route) is sidestepped — we stay on shared external services but stop depending on any single one.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Skipped		May 22, 2026 11:09am

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 017645f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 0 packages

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.033s (-26.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.973s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.050s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.962s	10	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.6% 🟢)	1.019s (-2.3%)	0.963s	10	1.79x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.012s	0.954s	10	1.86x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.245s (-2.4%)	2.250s (-3.6%)	2.004s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.408s (~)	2.303s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.895s	10	1.66x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.062s (-6.9% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.947s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.071s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.935s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.076s (-4.3%)	2.006s (~)	0.930s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.927s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s	2.006s	0.898s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.117s	2.009s	0.892s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.651s (-57.6% 🟢)	3.291s (-44.3% 🟢)	1.640s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.795s (-11.8% 🟢)	3.884s (+1.4%)	2.089s	10	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.419s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.603s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.427s (-4.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.591s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.439s (-4.4%)	11.022s (~)	0.583s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.509s (-3.3%)	11.045s (~)	0.536s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.680s	11.020s	0.341s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.748s	11.022s	0.274s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.455s (-43.3% 🟢)	15.211s (-39.4% 🟢)	1.756s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.630s (-21.3% 🟢)	15.628s (-19.4% 🟢)	1.998s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.457s (-10.7% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.569s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.472s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.019s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.547s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.534s (-9.6% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.493s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.897s (-4.8%)	14.439s (-3.9%)	0.542s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.107s	15.030s	0.924s	4	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.220s	15.017s	0.798s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.543s (-68.1% 🟢)	21.668s (-67.5% 🟢)	1.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.343s (-59.4% 🟢)	23.532s (-56.9% 🟢)	2.189s	3	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.885s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.136s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.923s (-14.9% 🟢)	12.020s (-17.6% 🟢)	0.097s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.049s (-27.4% 🟢)	12.524s (-26.5% 🟢)	0.475s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.175s (-5.7% 🟢)	13.591s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.415s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.401s	14.018s	0.616s	7	1.13x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.419s	14.170s	0.750s	7	1.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	26.586s (-93.7% 🟢)	28.027s (-93.4% 🟢)	1.441s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.430s (-93.0% 🟢)	29.339s (-92.6% 🟢)	1.908s	4	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.186s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.819s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.190s (-27.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.816s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.198s	2.007s	0.809s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.271s	2.006s	0.735s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.343s (+5.4% 🔺)	2.012s (~)	0.669s	15	1.17x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.374s (-15.8% 🟢)	3.542s (-18.1% 🟢)	1.168s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.386s (-29.8% 🟢)	3.775s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.390s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.193s (-49.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.814s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.354s	2.006s	0.652s	15	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.498s (-36.3% 🟢)	2.164s (-28.1% 🟢)	0.666s	14	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.761s (-44.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.244s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.825s	2.294s	0.468s	14	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.293s (-33.6% 🟢)	0.287s	14	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.145s (+2.3%)	5.379s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.234s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.566s (-35.7% 🟢)	6.327s (-29.0% 🟢)	1.761s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.327s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.681s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.639s	2.008s	0.369s	15	1.24x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.697s (-51.2% 🟢)	2.344s (-41.5% 🟢)	0.648s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.871s	5.345s	0.474s	6	3.67x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.064s (-39.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-37.0% 🟢)	0.616s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.506s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.214s (-31.2% 🟢)	0.708s	5	4.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.942s (+68.6% 🔺)	8.267s (+49.4% 🔺)	2.325s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.527s (-26.8% 🟢)	8.273s (-24.5% 🟢)	1.747s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.169s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.839s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.194s	2.008s	0.814s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.382s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.631s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.587s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.485s (-21.6% 🟢)	2.007s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.522s	15	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.733s	2.391s	0.658s	13	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.632s (-10.2% 🟢)	4.572s (-1.5%)	1.940s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.812s (+14.3% 🔺)	4.353s (+4.4%)	1.541s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.202s (-48.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.806s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.009s	0.673s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.912s (-18.3% 🟢)	2.506s (-16.8% 🟢)	0.594s	13	1.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.984s	2.507s	0.523s	12	1.65x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.129s (-30.5% 🟢)	2.592s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.463s	12	1.77x
💻 Local	Express	2.173s (-30.6% 🟢)	2.592s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.419s	12	1.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.637s (+15.7% 🔺)	5.188s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.551s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.661s (+13.2% 🔺)	4.893s (-3.6%)	1.232s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.316s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.691s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.643s	2.074s	0.431s	15	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.764s (-49.3% 🟢)	2.514s (-37.3% 🟢)	0.749s	12	1.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.630s	6.012s	0.382s	5	4.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.033s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.414s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.381s	5	4.59x
💻 Local	Express	6.294s (-28.5% 🟢)	6.617s (-28.6% 🟢)	0.322s	5	4.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.579s (-17.4% 🟢)	7.709s (-9.8% 🟢)	2.130s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.998s (+17.8% 🔺)	7.479s (+9.7% 🔺)	1.481s	5	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.446s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.561s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.502s (-48.8% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.519s	59	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.523s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.499s	59	1.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.684s	1.006s	0.322s	60	1.54x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.721s (-12.1% 🟢)	1.287s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.566s	47	1.62x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.732s	1.004s	0.272s	60	1.64x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.217s (-76.3% 🟢)	6.824s (-71.6% 🟢)	1.607s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.947s (-59.0% 🟢)	7.591s (-52.8% 🟢)	1.644s	9	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.049s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.706s (-24.4% 🟢)	0.657s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.157s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.558s (-25.8% 🟢)	0.401s	58	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.219s (-59.8% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.786s	45	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.286s (-57.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-44.0% 🟢)	0.721s	45	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.589s	2.007s	0.418s	45	1.52x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.831s	2.027s	0.196s	45	1.75x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.806s (-67.6% 🟢)	14.529s (-64.8% 🟢)	1.723s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.083s (-71.7% 🟢)	16.343s (-68.4% 🟢)	2.260s	6	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.135s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.735s (-37.4% 🟢)	0.599s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.498s (-39.1% 🟢)	3.039s (-34.0% 🟢)	0.540s	40	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.720s (-70.8% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.288s	40	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	2.853s (-69.0% 🟢)	3.110s (-69.0% 🟢)	0.258s	39	1.34x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.162s	4.008s	0.845s	30	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.918s	4.366s	0.448s	28	1.83x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	28.344s (-70.8% 🟢)	30.492s (-69.0% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	31.614s (-70.5% 🟢)	33.488s (-69.3% 🟢)	1.873s	4	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.827s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.224s	1.006s	0.781s	60	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.408s (+44.1% 🔺)	1.066s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.658s	57	2.28x
💻 Local	Express	0.419s (-25.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.586s	60	2.34x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.422s (-30.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.583s	60	2.36x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	3.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.297s (+13.6% 🔺)	4.099s (+8.1% 🔺)	1.803s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.314s (+39.3% 🔺)	3.753s (+12.0% 🔺)	1.439s	16	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.337s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.017s (+1.1%)	0.680s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.415s (-16.3% 🟢)	1.050s (+4.3%)	0.635s	86	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.423s	1.006s	0.583s	90	1.25x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.159s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.821s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.662s	32	6.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.198s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.912s (-3.2%)	0.714s	31	6.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.202s	3.042s	0.840s	30	6.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.760s (+47.6% 🔺)	6.224s (+29.1% 🔺)	1.463s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (+50.6% 🔺)	7.178s (+38.2% 🔺)	1.853s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.612s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.137s (+12.9% 🔺)	0.525s	106	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.614s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.392s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.889s	1.068s	0.179s	114	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.117s (-9.6% 🟢)	10.860s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.742s	12	16.52x
💻 Local	Express	10.585s (-5.4% 🟢)	11.118s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.534s	11	17.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.824s	11.483s	0.659s	11	17.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.197s (+70.9% 🔺)	14.742s (+56.8% 🔺)	1.545s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.457s (+40.0% 🔺)	16.425s (+33.7% 🔺)	1.969s	8	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.130s (+428.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-2.4%)	2.020s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.890s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.138s (+471.4% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+4.1%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.882s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.142s (+456.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.2% 🔺)	0.001s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.868s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.188s (+479.4% 🔺)	1.998s (+99.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-73.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.823s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.001s	0.001s	2.010s	0.817s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.211s	2.004s	0.011s	2.018s	0.808s	10	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-45.5% 🟢)	3.011s (-42.9% 🟢)	1.894s (+155.2% 🔺)	5.290s (-18.4% 🟢)	3.202s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.093s (-69.5% 🟢)	3.282s (-62.1% 🟢)	1.741s (+175.5% 🔺)	5.489s (-43.9% 🟢)	3.396s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.531s (+143.0% 🔺)	2.004s (+99.1% 🔺)	0.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.495s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.584s (+109.2% 🔺)	2.012s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.012s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.026s (+94.8% 🔺)	0.442s	30	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.676s	2.010s	0.010s	2.023s	0.348s	30	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.707s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.318s	30	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.719s (+104.9% 🔺)	2.011s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.009s (+1.0%)	2.202s (+97.3% 🔺)	0.483s	28	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.952s (+212.8% 🔺)	2.340s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.002s (-46.1% 🟢)	2.377s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.425s	26	1.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.918s (-79.9% 🟢)	6.798s (-77.9% 🟢)	0.332s (+196.4% 🔺)	7.549s (-76.2% 🟢)	1.631s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.954s (-64.8% 🟢)	7.332s (-59.8% 🟢)	0.420s (+98.8% 🔺)	8.223s (-56.6% 🟢)	2.269s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.660s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.030s (-19.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.046s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.386s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.769s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.272s	58	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.863s (-11.0% 🟢)	1.301s (+4.3%)	0.000s (-46.7% 🟢)	1.338s (+6.4% 🔺)	0.475s	45	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.369s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+266.7% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.648s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-30.0% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.604s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.427s	2.015s	0.000s	2.018s	0.591s	30	2.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.825s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.711s (+7.2% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.163s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.338s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.097s (-59.8% 🟢)	5.684s (-50.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.262s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.165s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.336s (-24.6% 🟢)	2.029s (-6.8% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.058s (-6.4% 🟢)	0.722s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.614s	2.180s	0.000s	2.192s	0.578s	28	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.659s (+48.4% 🔺)	3.258s (+52.2% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	3.312s (+52.3% 🔺)	0.653s	19	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.848s	3.364s	0.001s	3.368s	0.520s	18	2.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.104s (-8.4% 🟢)	3.839s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+28.9% 🔺)	3.843s (-4.8%)	0.739s	16	2.32x
💻 Local	Express	3.316s (-4.4%)	3.844s (-4.7%)	0.001s (+1.6%)	3.849s (-4.6%)	0.533s	16	2.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.675s (+38.6% 🔺)	6.613s (+23.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.055s (+21.8% 🔺)	1.380s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.436s (+14.6% 🔺)	7.743s (+10.9% 🔺)	0.002s (+1700.0% 🔺)	8.446s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.010s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	13/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for 76d786e (AI decision).

This commit fixes flakes in abortFetchInFlightWorkflow and abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow e2e tests and the supporting fetchWithSignal step. Verified via git show origin/stable that none of these tests, the workflow definitions, or the step function exist on stable — the changes have no target to apply to.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

76d786efa1ab0bc2eba5d0f92a08096d07c8211a

[VaguelySerious]

abortFetchInFlightWorkflow was the most flaky e2e test, with a sibling flake in abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow. Both race a slow fetch against a 2s sleep, and the diagnostic commit in this PR confirmed the root cause: httpbin.org/delay/30 returns HTTP 502 from GH Actions runners in 56ms–1709ms intermittently — hit 4 times in a single CI run on the diagnostic commit alone.

Two failure modes, both caused by the same 502:

• 502 in <2s → winner='fetch' (fetch wins the race) → first assertion fails
• 502 in ~1.7s → winner='timeout' (sleep wins) but the 502 had already resolved, so fetchResult.aborted=false → later assertions fail

Changes

Commit 1 — diagnostics.fetchWithSignal now reports status, elapsedMs, and per-URL attempts. The two test assertions include the full returnValue JSON in their failure messages, so any future flake immediately shows what the upstream returned instead of just expected 'fetch' to be 'timeout'.

Commit 2 — fallback. Switch the slow-endpoint URL from a single httpbin.org/delay/30 to a primary postman-echo.com/delay/10 with httpbin.org/delay/10 as a fallback. The step only calls the fallback when the primary returns a 5xx or non-AbortError network failure — successful or aborted responses short-circuit. Both upstreams would need to be unhealthy at the same instant to flake the test.

The original concern (per-workbench /api/delay route) is sidestepped — we stay on shared external services but stop depending on any single one.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Skipped		May 22, 2026 11:09am

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 017645f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 0 packages

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.033s (-26.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.973s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.050s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.962s	10	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.6% 🟢)	1.019s (-2.3%)	0.963s	10	1.79x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.012s	0.954s	10	1.86x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.245s (-2.4%)	2.250s (-3.6%)	2.004s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.408s (~)	2.303s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.895s	10	1.66x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.062s (-6.9% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.947s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.071s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.935s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.076s (-4.3%)	2.006s (~)	0.930s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.927s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s	2.006s	0.898s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.117s	2.009s	0.892s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.651s (-57.6% 🟢)	3.291s (-44.3% 🟢)	1.640s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.795s (-11.8% 🟢)	3.884s (+1.4%)	2.089s	10	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.419s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.603s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.427s (-4.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.591s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.439s (-4.4%)	11.022s (~)	0.583s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.509s (-3.3%)	11.045s (~)	0.536s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.680s	11.020s	0.341s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.748s	11.022s	0.274s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.455s (-43.3% 🟢)	15.211s (-39.4% 🟢)	1.756s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.630s (-21.3% 🟢)	15.628s (-19.4% 🟢)	1.998s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.457s (-10.7% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.569s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.472s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.019s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.547s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.534s (-9.6% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.493s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.897s (-4.8%)	14.439s (-3.9%)	0.542s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.107s	15.030s	0.924s	4	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.220s	15.017s	0.798s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.543s (-68.1% 🟢)	21.668s (-67.5% 🟢)	1.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.343s (-59.4% 🟢)	23.532s (-56.9% 🟢)	2.189s	3	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.885s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.136s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.923s (-14.9% 🟢)	12.020s (-17.6% 🟢)	0.097s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.049s (-27.4% 🟢)	12.524s (-26.5% 🟢)	0.475s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.175s (-5.7% 🟢)	13.591s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.415s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.401s	14.018s	0.616s	7	1.13x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.419s	14.170s	0.750s	7	1.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	26.586s (-93.7% 🟢)	28.027s (-93.4% 🟢)	1.441s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.430s (-93.0% 🟢)	29.339s (-92.6% 🟢)	1.908s	4	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.186s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.819s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.190s (-27.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.816s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.198s	2.007s	0.809s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.271s	2.006s	0.735s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.343s (+5.4% 🔺)	2.012s (~)	0.669s	15	1.17x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.374s (-15.8% 🟢)	3.542s (-18.1% 🟢)	1.168s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.386s (-29.8% 🟢)	3.775s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.390s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.193s (-49.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.814s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.354s	2.006s	0.652s	15	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.498s (-36.3% 🟢)	2.164s (-28.1% 🟢)	0.666s	14	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.761s (-44.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.244s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.825s	2.294s	0.468s	14	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.293s (-33.6% 🟢)	0.287s	14	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.145s (+2.3%)	5.379s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.234s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.566s (-35.7% 🟢)	6.327s (-29.0% 🟢)	1.761s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.327s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.681s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.639s	2.008s	0.369s	15	1.24x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.697s (-51.2% 🟢)	2.344s (-41.5% 🟢)	0.648s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.871s	5.345s	0.474s	6	3.67x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.064s (-39.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-37.0% 🟢)	0.616s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.506s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.214s (-31.2% 🟢)	0.708s	5	4.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.942s (+68.6% 🔺)	8.267s (+49.4% 🔺)	2.325s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.527s (-26.8% 🟢)	8.273s (-24.5% 🟢)	1.747s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.169s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.839s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.194s	2.008s	0.814s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.382s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.631s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.587s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.485s (-21.6% 🟢)	2.007s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.522s	15	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.733s	2.391s	0.658s	13	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.632s (-10.2% 🟢)	4.572s (-1.5%)	1.940s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.812s (+14.3% 🔺)	4.353s (+4.4%)	1.541s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.202s (-48.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.806s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.009s	0.673s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.912s (-18.3% 🟢)	2.506s (-16.8% 🟢)	0.594s	13	1.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.984s	2.507s	0.523s	12	1.65x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.129s (-30.5% 🟢)	2.592s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.463s	12	1.77x
💻 Local	Express	2.173s (-30.6% 🟢)	2.592s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.419s	12	1.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.637s (+15.7% 🔺)	5.188s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.551s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.661s (+13.2% 🔺)	4.893s (-3.6%)	1.232s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.316s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.691s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.643s	2.074s	0.431s	15	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.764s (-49.3% 🟢)	2.514s (-37.3% 🟢)	0.749s	12	1.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.630s	6.012s	0.382s	5	4.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.033s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.414s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.381s	5	4.59x
💻 Local	Express	6.294s (-28.5% 🟢)	6.617s (-28.6% 🟢)	0.322s	5	4.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.579s (-17.4% 🟢)	7.709s (-9.8% 🟢)	2.130s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.998s (+17.8% 🔺)	7.479s (+9.7% 🔺)	1.481s	5	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.446s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.561s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.502s (-48.8% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.519s	59	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.523s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.499s	59	1.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.684s	1.006s	0.322s	60	1.54x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.721s (-12.1% 🟢)	1.287s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.566s	47	1.62x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.732s	1.004s	0.272s	60	1.64x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.217s (-76.3% 🟢)	6.824s (-71.6% 🟢)	1.607s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.947s (-59.0% 🟢)	7.591s (-52.8% 🟢)	1.644s	9	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.049s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.706s (-24.4% 🟢)	0.657s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.157s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.558s (-25.8% 🟢)	0.401s	58	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.219s (-59.8% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.786s	45	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.286s (-57.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-44.0% 🟢)	0.721s	45	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.589s	2.007s	0.418s	45	1.52x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.831s	2.027s	0.196s	45	1.75x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.806s (-67.6% 🟢)	14.529s (-64.8% 🟢)	1.723s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.083s (-71.7% 🟢)	16.343s (-68.4% 🟢)	2.260s	6	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.135s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.735s (-37.4% 🟢)	0.599s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.498s (-39.1% 🟢)	3.039s (-34.0% 🟢)	0.540s	40	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.720s (-70.8% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.288s	40	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	2.853s (-69.0% 🟢)	3.110s (-69.0% 🟢)	0.258s	39	1.34x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.162s	4.008s	0.845s	30	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.918s	4.366s	0.448s	28	1.83x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	28.344s (-70.8% 🟢)	30.492s (-69.0% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	31.614s (-70.5% 🟢)	33.488s (-69.3% 🟢)	1.873s	4	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.827s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.224s	1.006s	0.781s	60	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.408s (+44.1% 🔺)	1.066s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.658s	57	2.28x
💻 Local	Express	0.419s (-25.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.586s	60	2.34x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.422s (-30.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.583s	60	2.36x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	3.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.297s (+13.6% 🔺)	4.099s (+8.1% 🔺)	1.803s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.314s (+39.3% 🔺)	3.753s (+12.0% 🔺)	1.439s	16	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.337s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.017s (+1.1%)	0.680s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.415s (-16.3% 🟢)	1.050s (+4.3%)	0.635s	86	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.423s	1.006s	0.583s	90	1.25x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.159s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.821s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.662s	32	6.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.198s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.912s (-3.2%)	0.714s	31	6.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.202s	3.042s	0.840s	30	6.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.760s (+47.6% 🔺)	6.224s (+29.1% 🔺)	1.463s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (+50.6% 🔺)	7.178s (+38.2% 🔺)	1.853s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.612s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.137s (+12.9% 🔺)	0.525s	106	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.614s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.392s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.889s	1.068s	0.179s	114	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.117s (-9.6% 🟢)	10.860s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.742s	12	16.52x
💻 Local	Express	10.585s (-5.4% 🟢)	11.118s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.534s	11	17.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.824s	11.483s	0.659s	11	17.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.197s (+70.9% 🔺)	14.742s (+56.8% 🔺)	1.545s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.457s (+40.0% 🔺)	16.425s (+33.7% 🔺)	1.969s	8	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.130s (+428.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-2.4%)	2.020s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.890s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.138s (+471.4% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+4.1%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.882s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.142s (+456.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.2% 🔺)	0.001s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.868s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.188s (+479.4% 🔺)	1.998s (+99.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-73.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.823s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.001s	0.001s	2.010s	0.817s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.211s	2.004s	0.011s	2.018s	0.808s	10	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-45.5% 🟢)	3.011s (-42.9% 🟢)	1.894s (+155.2% 🔺)	5.290s (-18.4% 🟢)	3.202s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.093s (-69.5% 🟢)	3.282s (-62.1% 🟢)	1.741s (+175.5% 🔺)	5.489s (-43.9% 🟢)	3.396s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.531s (+143.0% 🔺)	2.004s (+99.1% 🔺)	0.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.495s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.584s (+109.2% 🔺)	2.012s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.012s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.026s (+94.8% 🔺)	0.442s	30	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.676s	2.010s	0.010s	2.023s	0.348s	30	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.707s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.318s	30	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.719s (+104.9% 🔺)	2.011s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.009s (+1.0%)	2.202s (+97.3% 🔺)	0.483s	28	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.952s (+212.8% 🔺)	2.340s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.002s (-46.1% 🟢)	2.377s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.425s	26	1.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.918s (-79.9% 🟢)	6.798s (-77.9% 🟢)	0.332s (+196.4% 🔺)	7.549s (-76.2% 🟢)	1.631s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.954s (-64.8% 🟢)	7.332s (-59.8% 🟢)	0.420s (+98.8% 🔺)	8.223s (-56.6% 🟢)	2.269s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.660s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.030s (-19.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.046s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.386s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.769s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.272s	58	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.863s (-11.0% 🟢)	1.301s (+4.3%)	0.000s (-46.7% 🟢)	1.338s (+6.4% 🔺)	0.475s	45	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.369s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+266.7% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.648s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-30.0% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.604s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.427s	2.015s	0.000s	2.018s	0.591s	30	2.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.825s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.711s (+7.2% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.163s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.338s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.097s (-59.8% 🟢)	5.684s (-50.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.262s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.165s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.336s (-24.6% 🟢)	2.029s (-6.8% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.058s (-6.4% 🟢)	0.722s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.614s	2.180s	0.000s	2.192s	0.578s	28	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.659s (+48.4% 🔺)	3.258s (+52.2% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	3.312s (+52.3% 🔺)	0.653s	19	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.848s	3.364s	0.001s	3.368s	0.520s	18	2.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.104s (-8.4% 🟢)	3.839s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+28.9% 🔺)	3.843s (-4.8%)	0.739s	16	2.32x
💻 Local	Express	3.316s (-4.4%)	3.844s (-4.7%)	0.001s (+1.6%)	3.849s (-4.6%)	0.533s	16	2.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.675s (+38.6% 🔺)	6.613s (+23.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.055s (+21.8% 🔺)	1.380s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.436s (+14.6% 🔺)	7.743s (+10.9% 🔺)	0.002s (+1700.0% 🔺)	8.446s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.010s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	13/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for 76d786e (AI decision).

This commit fixes flakes in abortFetchInFlightWorkflow and abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow e2e tests and the supporting fetchWithSignal step. Verified via git show origin/stable that none of these tests, the workflow definitions, or the step function exist on stable — the changes have no target to apply to.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

76d786efa1ab0bc2eba5d0f92a08096d07c8211a

[VaguelySerious]

abortFetchInFlightWorkflow was the most flaky e2e test, with a sibling flake in abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow. Both race a slow fetch against a 2s sleep, and the diagnostic commit in this PR confirmed the root cause: httpbin.org/delay/30 returns HTTP 502 from GH Actions runners in 56ms–1709ms intermittently — hit 4 times in a single CI run on the diagnostic commit alone.

Two failure modes, both caused by the same 502:

• 502 in <2s → winner='fetch' (fetch wins the race) → first assertion fails
• 502 in ~1.7s → winner='timeout' (sleep wins) but the 502 had already resolved, so fetchResult.aborted=false → later assertions fail

Changes

Commit 1 — diagnostics.fetchWithSignal now reports status, elapsedMs, and per-URL attempts. The two test assertions include the full returnValue JSON in their failure messages, so any future flake immediately shows what the upstream returned instead of just expected 'fetch' to be 'timeout'.

Commit 2 — fallback. Switch the slow-endpoint URL from a single httpbin.org/delay/30 to a primary postman-echo.com/delay/10 with httpbin.org/delay/10 as a fallback. The step only calls the fallback when the primary returns a 5xx or non-AbortError network failure — successful or aborted responses short-circuit. Both upstreams would need to be unhealthy at the same instant to flake the test.

The original concern (per-workbench /api/delay route) is sidestepped — we stay on shared external services but stop depending on any single one.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Skipped		May 22, 2026 11:09am

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 017645f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 0 packages

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.033s (-26.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.973s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.050s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.962s	10	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.6% 🟢)	1.019s (-2.3%)	0.963s	10	1.79x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.012s	0.954s	10	1.86x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.245s (-2.4%)	2.250s (-3.6%)	2.004s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.408s (~)	2.303s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.895s	10	1.66x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.062s (-6.9% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.947s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.071s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.935s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.076s (-4.3%)	2.006s (~)	0.930s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.927s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s	2.006s	0.898s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.117s	2.009s	0.892s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.651s (-57.6% 🟢)	3.291s (-44.3% 🟢)	1.640s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.795s (-11.8% 🟢)	3.884s (+1.4%)	2.089s	10	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.419s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.603s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.427s (-4.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.591s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.439s (-4.4%)	11.022s (~)	0.583s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.509s (-3.3%)	11.045s (~)	0.536s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.680s	11.020s	0.341s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.748s	11.022s	0.274s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.455s (-43.3% 🟢)	15.211s (-39.4% 🟢)	1.756s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.630s (-21.3% 🟢)	15.628s (-19.4% 🟢)	1.998s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.457s (-10.7% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.569s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.472s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.019s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.547s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.534s (-9.6% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.493s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.897s (-4.8%)	14.439s (-3.9%)	0.542s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.107s	15.030s	0.924s	4	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.220s	15.017s	0.798s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.543s (-68.1% 🟢)	21.668s (-67.5% 🟢)	1.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.343s (-59.4% 🟢)	23.532s (-56.9% 🟢)	2.189s	3	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.885s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.136s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.923s (-14.9% 🟢)	12.020s (-17.6% 🟢)	0.097s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.049s (-27.4% 🟢)	12.524s (-26.5% 🟢)	0.475s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.175s (-5.7% 🟢)	13.591s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.415s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.401s	14.018s	0.616s	7	1.13x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.419s	14.170s	0.750s	7	1.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	26.586s (-93.7% 🟢)	28.027s (-93.4% 🟢)	1.441s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.430s (-93.0% 🟢)	29.339s (-92.6% 🟢)	1.908s	4	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.186s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.819s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.190s (-27.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.816s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.198s	2.007s	0.809s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.271s	2.006s	0.735s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.343s (+5.4% 🔺)	2.012s (~)	0.669s	15	1.17x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.374s (-15.8% 🟢)	3.542s (-18.1% 🟢)	1.168s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.386s (-29.8% 🟢)	3.775s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.390s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.193s (-49.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.814s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.354s	2.006s	0.652s	15	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.498s (-36.3% 🟢)	2.164s (-28.1% 🟢)	0.666s	14	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.761s (-44.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.244s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.825s	2.294s	0.468s	14	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.293s (-33.6% 🟢)	0.287s	14	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.145s (+2.3%)	5.379s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.234s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.566s (-35.7% 🟢)	6.327s (-29.0% 🟢)	1.761s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.327s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.681s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.639s	2.008s	0.369s	15	1.24x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.697s (-51.2% 🟢)	2.344s (-41.5% 🟢)	0.648s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.871s	5.345s	0.474s	6	3.67x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.064s (-39.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-37.0% 🟢)	0.616s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.506s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.214s (-31.2% 🟢)	0.708s	5	4.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.942s (+68.6% 🔺)	8.267s (+49.4% 🔺)	2.325s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.527s (-26.8% 🟢)	8.273s (-24.5% 🟢)	1.747s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.169s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.839s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.194s	2.008s	0.814s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.382s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.631s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.587s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.485s (-21.6% 🟢)	2.007s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.522s	15	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.733s	2.391s	0.658s	13	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.632s (-10.2% 🟢)	4.572s (-1.5%)	1.940s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.812s (+14.3% 🔺)	4.353s (+4.4%)	1.541s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.202s (-48.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.806s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.009s	0.673s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.912s (-18.3% 🟢)	2.506s (-16.8% 🟢)	0.594s	13	1.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.984s	2.507s	0.523s	12	1.65x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.129s (-30.5% 🟢)	2.592s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.463s	12	1.77x
💻 Local	Express	2.173s (-30.6% 🟢)	2.592s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.419s	12	1.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.637s (+15.7% 🔺)	5.188s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.551s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.661s (+13.2% 🔺)	4.893s (-3.6%)	1.232s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.316s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.691s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.643s	2.074s	0.431s	15	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.764s (-49.3% 🟢)	2.514s (-37.3% 🟢)	0.749s	12	1.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.630s	6.012s	0.382s	5	4.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.033s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.414s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.381s	5	4.59x
💻 Local	Express	6.294s (-28.5% 🟢)	6.617s (-28.6% 🟢)	0.322s	5	4.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.579s (-17.4% 🟢)	7.709s (-9.8% 🟢)	2.130s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.998s (+17.8% 🔺)	7.479s (+9.7% 🔺)	1.481s	5	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.446s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.561s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.502s (-48.8% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.519s	59	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.523s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.499s	59	1.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.684s	1.006s	0.322s	60	1.54x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.721s (-12.1% 🟢)	1.287s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.566s	47	1.62x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.732s	1.004s	0.272s	60	1.64x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.217s (-76.3% 🟢)	6.824s (-71.6% 🟢)	1.607s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.947s (-59.0% 🟢)	7.591s (-52.8% 🟢)	1.644s	9	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.049s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.706s (-24.4% 🟢)	0.657s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.157s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.558s (-25.8% 🟢)	0.401s	58	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.219s (-59.8% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.786s	45	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.286s (-57.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-44.0% 🟢)	0.721s	45	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.589s	2.007s	0.418s	45	1.52x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.831s	2.027s	0.196s	45	1.75x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.806s (-67.6% 🟢)	14.529s (-64.8% 🟢)	1.723s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.083s (-71.7% 🟢)	16.343s (-68.4% 🟢)	2.260s	6	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.135s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.735s (-37.4% 🟢)	0.599s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.498s (-39.1% 🟢)	3.039s (-34.0% 🟢)	0.540s	40	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.720s (-70.8% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.288s	40	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	2.853s (-69.0% 🟢)	3.110s (-69.0% 🟢)	0.258s	39	1.34x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.162s	4.008s	0.845s	30	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.918s	4.366s	0.448s	28	1.83x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	28.344s (-70.8% 🟢)	30.492s (-69.0% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	31.614s (-70.5% 🟢)	33.488s (-69.3% 🟢)	1.873s	4	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.827s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.224s	1.006s	0.781s	60	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.408s (+44.1% 🔺)	1.066s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.658s	57	2.28x
💻 Local	Express	0.419s (-25.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.586s	60	2.34x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.422s (-30.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.583s	60	2.36x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	3.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.297s (+13.6% 🔺)	4.099s (+8.1% 🔺)	1.803s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.314s (+39.3% 🔺)	3.753s (+12.0% 🔺)	1.439s	16	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.337s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.017s (+1.1%)	0.680s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.415s (-16.3% 🟢)	1.050s (+4.3%)	0.635s	86	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.423s	1.006s	0.583s	90	1.25x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.159s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.821s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.662s	32	6.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.198s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.912s (-3.2%)	0.714s	31	6.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.202s	3.042s	0.840s	30	6.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.760s (+47.6% 🔺)	6.224s (+29.1% 🔺)	1.463s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (+50.6% 🔺)	7.178s (+38.2% 🔺)	1.853s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.612s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.137s (+12.9% 🔺)	0.525s	106	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.614s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.392s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.889s	1.068s	0.179s	114	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.117s (-9.6% 🟢)	10.860s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.742s	12	16.52x
💻 Local	Express	10.585s (-5.4% 🟢)	11.118s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.534s	11	17.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.824s	11.483s	0.659s	11	17.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.197s (+70.9% 🔺)	14.742s (+56.8% 🔺)	1.545s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.457s (+40.0% 🔺)	16.425s (+33.7% 🔺)	1.969s	8	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.130s (+428.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-2.4%)	2.020s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.890s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.138s (+471.4% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+4.1%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.882s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.142s (+456.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.2% 🔺)	0.001s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.868s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.188s (+479.4% 🔺)	1.998s (+99.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-73.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.823s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.001s	0.001s	2.010s	0.817s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.211s	2.004s	0.011s	2.018s	0.808s	10	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-45.5% 🟢)	3.011s (-42.9% 🟢)	1.894s (+155.2% 🔺)	5.290s (-18.4% 🟢)	3.202s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.093s (-69.5% 🟢)	3.282s (-62.1% 🟢)	1.741s (+175.5% 🔺)	5.489s (-43.9% 🟢)	3.396s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.531s (+143.0% 🔺)	2.004s (+99.1% 🔺)	0.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.495s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.584s (+109.2% 🔺)	2.012s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.012s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.026s (+94.8% 🔺)	0.442s	30	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.676s	2.010s	0.010s	2.023s	0.348s	30	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.707s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.318s	30	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.719s (+104.9% 🔺)	2.011s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.009s (+1.0%)	2.202s (+97.3% 🔺)	0.483s	28	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.952s (+212.8% 🔺)	2.340s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.002s (-46.1% 🟢)	2.377s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.425s	26	1.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.918s (-79.9% 🟢)	6.798s (-77.9% 🟢)	0.332s (+196.4% 🔺)	7.549s (-76.2% 🟢)	1.631s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.954s (-64.8% 🟢)	7.332s (-59.8% 🟢)	0.420s (+98.8% 🔺)	8.223s (-56.6% 🟢)	2.269s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.660s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.030s (-19.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.046s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.386s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.769s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.272s	58	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.863s (-11.0% 🟢)	1.301s (+4.3%)	0.000s (-46.7% 🟢)	1.338s (+6.4% 🔺)	0.475s	45	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.369s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+266.7% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.648s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-30.0% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.604s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.427s	2.015s	0.000s	2.018s	0.591s	30	2.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.825s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.711s (+7.2% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.163s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.338s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.097s (-59.8% 🟢)	5.684s (-50.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.262s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.165s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.336s (-24.6% 🟢)	2.029s (-6.8% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.058s (-6.4% 🟢)	0.722s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.614s	2.180s	0.000s	2.192s	0.578s	28	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.659s (+48.4% 🔺)	3.258s (+52.2% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	3.312s (+52.3% 🔺)	0.653s	19	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.848s	3.364s	0.001s	3.368s	0.520s	18	2.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.104s (-8.4% 🟢)	3.839s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+28.9% 🔺)	3.843s (-4.8%)	0.739s	16	2.32x
💻 Local	Express	3.316s (-4.4%)	3.844s (-4.7%)	0.001s (+1.6%)	3.849s (-4.6%)	0.533s	16	2.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.675s (+38.6% 🔺)	6.613s (+23.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.055s (+21.8% 🔺)	1.380s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.436s (+14.6% 🔺)	7.743s (+10.9% 🔺)	0.002s (+1700.0% 🔺)	8.446s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.010s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	13/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for 76d786e (AI decision).

This commit fixes flakes in abortFetchInFlightWorkflow and abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow e2e tests and the supporting fetchWithSignal step. Verified via git show origin/stable that none of these tests, the workflow definitions, or the step function exist on stable — the changes have no target to apply to.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

76d786efa1ab0bc2eba5d0f92a08096d07c8211a

[VaguelySerious]

abortFetchInFlightWorkflow was the most flaky e2e test, with a sibling flake in abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow. Both race a slow fetch against a 2s sleep, and the diagnostic commit in this PR confirmed the root cause: httpbin.org/delay/30 returns HTTP 502 from GH Actions runners in 56ms–1709ms intermittently — hit 4 times in a single CI run on the diagnostic commit alone.

Two failure modes, both caused by the same 502:

• 502 in <2s → winner='fetch' (fetch wins the race) → first assertion fails
• 502 in ~1.7s → winner='timeout' (sleep wins) but the 502 had already resolved, so fetchResult.aborted=false → later assertions fail

Changes

Commit 1 — diagnostics.fetchWithSignal now reports status, elapsedMs, and per-URL attempts. The two test assertions include the full returnValue JSON in their failure messages, so any future flake immediately shows what the upstream returned instead of just expected 'fetch' to be 'timeout'.

Commit 2 — fallback. Switch the slow-endpoint URL from a single httpbin.org/delay/30 to a primary postman-echo.com/delay/10 with httpbin.org/delay/10 as a fallback. The step only calls the fallback when the primary returns a 5xx or non-AbortError network failure — successful or aborted responses short-circuit. Both upstreams would need to be unhealthy at the same instant to flake the test.

The original concern (per-workbench /api/delay route) is sidestepped — we stay on shared external services but stop depending on any single one.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Skipped		May 22, 2026 11:09am

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 017645f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 0 packages

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.033s (-26.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.973s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.050s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.962s	10	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.6% 🟢)	1.019s (-2.3%)	0.963s	10	1.79x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.012s	0.954s	10	1.86x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.245s (-2.4%)	2.250s (-3.6%)	2.004s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.408s (~)	2.303s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.895s	10	1.66x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.062s (-6.9% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.947s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.071s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.935s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.076s (-4.3%)	2.006s (~)	0.930s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.927s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s	2.006s	0.898s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.117s	2.009s	0.892s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.651s (-57.6% 🟢)	3.291s (-44.3% 🟢)	1.640s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.795s (-11.8% 🟢)	3.884s (+1.4%)	2.089s	10	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.419s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.603s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.427s (-4.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.591s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.439s (-4.4%)	11.022s (~)	0.583s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.509s (-3.3%)	11.045s (~)	0.536s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.680s	11.020s	0.341s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.748s	11.022s	0.274s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.455s (-43.3% 🟢)	15.211s (-39.4% 🟢)	1.756s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.630s (-21.3% 🟢)	15.628s (-19.4% 🟢)	1.998s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.457s (-10.7% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.569s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.472s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.019s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.547s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.534s (-9.6% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.493s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.897s (-4.8%)	14.439s (-3.9%)	0.542s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.107s	15.030s	0.924s	4	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.220s	15.017s	0.798s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.543s (-68.1% 🟢)	21.668s (-67.5% 🟢)	1.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.343s (-59.4% 🟢)	23.532s (-56.9% 🟢)	2.189s	3	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.885s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.136s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.923s (-14.9% 🟢)	12.020s (-17.6% 🟢)	0.097s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.049s (-27.4% 🟢)	12.524s (-26.5% 🟢)	0.475s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.175s (-5.7% 🟢)	13.591s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.415s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.401s	14.018s	0.616s	7	1.13x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.419s	14.170s	0.750s	7	1.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	26.586s (-93.7% 🟢)	28.027s (-93.4% 🟢)	1.441s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.430s (-93.0% 🟢)	29.339s (-92.6% 🟢)	1.908s	4	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.186s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.819s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.190s (-27.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.816s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.198s	2.007s	0.809s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.271s	2.006s	0.735s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.343s (+5.4% 🔺)	2.012s (~)	0.669s	15	1.17x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.374s (-15.8% 🟢)	3.542s (-18.1% 🟢)	1.168s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.386s (-29.8% 🟢)	3.775s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.390s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.193s (-49.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.814s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.354s	2.006s	0.652s	15	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.498s (-36.3% 🟢)	2.164s (-28.1% 🟢)	0.666s	14	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.761s (-44.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.244s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.825s	2.294s	0.468s	14	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.293s (-33.6% 🟢)	0.287s	14	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.145s (+2.3%)	5.379s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.234s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.566s (-35.7% 🟢)	6.327s (-29.0% 🟢)	1.761s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.327s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.681s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.639s	2.008s	0.369s	15	1.24x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.697s (-51.2% 🟢)	2.344s (-41.5% 🟢)	0.648s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.871s	5.345s	0.474s	6	3.67x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.064s (-39.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-37.0% 🟢)	0.616s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.506s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.214s (-31.2% 🟢)	0.708s	5	4.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.942s (+68.6% 🔺)	8.267s (+49.4% 🔺)	2.325s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.527s (-26.8% 🟢)	8.273s (-24.5% 🟢)	1.747s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.169s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.839s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.194s	2.008s	0.814s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.382s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.631s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.587s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.485s (-21.6% 🟢)	2.007s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.522s	15	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.733s	2.391s	0.658s	13	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.632s (-10.2% 🟢)	4.572s (-1.5%)	1.940s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.812s (+14.3% 🔺)	4.353s (+4.4%)	1.541s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.202s (-48.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.806s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.009s	0.673s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.912s (-18.3% 🟢)	2.506s (-16.8% 🟢)	0.594s	13	1.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.984s	2.507s	0.523s	12	1.65x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.129s (-30.5% 🟢)	2.592s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.463s	12	1.77x
💻 Local	Express	2.173s (-30.6% 🟢)	2.592s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.419s	12	1.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.637s (+15.7% 🔺)	5.188s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.551s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.661s (+13.2% 🔺)	4.893s (-3.6%)	1.232s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.316s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.691s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.643s	2.074s	0.431s	15	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.764s (-49.3% 🟢)	2.514s (-37.3% 🟢)	0.749s	12	1.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.630s	6.012s	0.382s	5	4.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.033s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.414s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.381s	5	4.59x
💻 Local	Express	6.294s (-28.5% 🟢)	6.617s (-28.6% 🟢)	0.322s	5	4.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.579s (-17.4% 🟢)	7.709s (-9.8% 🟢)	2.130s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.998s (+17.8% 🔺)	7.479s (+9.7% 🔺)	1.481s	5	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.446s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.561s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.502s (-48.8% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.519s	59	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.523s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.499s	59	1.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.684s	1.006s	0.322s	60	1.54x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.721s (-12.1% 🟢)	1.287s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.566s	47	1.62x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.732s	1.004s	0.272s	60	1.64x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.217s (-76.3% 🟢)	6.824s (-71.6% 🟢)	1.607s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.947s (-59.0% 🟢)	7.591s (-52.8% 🟢)	1.644s	9	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.049s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.706s (-24.4% 🟢)	0.657s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.157s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.558s (-25.8% 🟢)	0.401s	58	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.219s (-59.8% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.786s	45	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.286s (-57.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-44.0% 🟢)	0.721s	45	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.589s	2.007s	0.418s	45	1.52x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.831s	2.027s	0.196s	45	1.75x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.806s (-67.6% 🟢)	14.529s (-64.8% 🟢)	1.723s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.083s (-71.7% 🟢)	16.343s (-68.4% 🟢)	2.260s	6	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.135s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.735s (-37.4% 🟢)	0.599s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.498s (-39.1% 🟢)	3.039s (-34.0% 🟢)	0.540s	40	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.720s (-70.8% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.288s	40	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	2.853s (-69.0% 🟢)	3.110s (-69.0% 🟢)	0.258s	39	1.34x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.162s	4.008s	0.845s	30	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.918s	4.366s	0.448s	28	1.83x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	28.344s (-70.8% 🟢)	30.492s (-69.0% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	31.614s (-70.5% 🟢)	33.488s (-69.3% 🟢)	1.873s	4	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.827s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.224s	1.006s	0.781s	60	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.408s (+44.1% 🔺)	1.066s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.658s	57	2.28x
💻 Local	Express	0.419s (-25.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.586s	60	2.34x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.422s (-30.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.583s	60	2.36x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	3.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.297s (+13.6% 🔺)	4.099s (+8.1% 🔺)	1.803s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.314s (+39.3% 🔺)	3.753s (+12.0% 🔺)	1.439s	16	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.337s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.017s (+1.1%)	0.680s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.415s (-16.3% 🟢)	1.050s (+4.3%)	0.635s	86	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.423s	1.006s	0.583s	90	1.25x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.159s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.821s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.662s	32	6.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.198s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.912s (-3.2%)	0.714s	31	6.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.202s	3.042s	0.840s	30	6.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.760s (+47.6% 🔺)	6.224s (+29.1% 🔺)	1.463s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (+50.6% 🔺)	7.178s (+38.2% 🔺)	1.853s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.612s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.137s (+12.9% 🔺)	0.525s	106	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.614s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.392s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.889s	1.068s	0.179s	114	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.117s (-9.6% 🟢)	10.860s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.742s	12	16.52x
💻 Local	Express	10.585s (-5.4% 🟢)	11.118s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.534s	11	17.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.824s	11.483s	0.659s	11	17.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.197s (+70.9% 🔺)	14.742s (+56.8% 🔺)	1.545s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.457s (+40.0% 🔺)	16.425s (+33.7% 🔺)	1.969s	8	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.130s (+428.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-2.4%)	2.020s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.890s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.138s (+471.4% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+4.1%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.882s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.142s (+456.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.2% 🔺)	0.001s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.868s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.188s (+479.4% 🔺)	1.998s (+99.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-73.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.823s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.001s	0.001s	2.010s	0.817s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.211s	2.004s	0.011s	2.018s	0.808s	10	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-45.5% 🟢)	3.011s (-42.9% 🟢)	1.894s (+155.2% 🔺)	5.290s (-18.4% 🟢)	3.202s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.093s (-69.5% 🟢)	3.282s (-62.1% 🟢)	1.741s (+175.5% 🔺)	5.489s (-43.9% 🟢)	3.396s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.531s (+143.0% 🔺)	2.004s (+99.1% 🔺)	0.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.495s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.584s (+109.2% 🔺)	2.012s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.012s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.026s (+94.8% 🔺)	0.442s	30	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.676s	2.010s	0.010s	2.023s	0.348s	30	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.707s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.318s	30	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.719s (+104.9% 🔺)	2.011s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.009s (+1.0%)	2.202s (+97.3% 🔺)	0.483s	28	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.952s (+212.8% 🔺)	2.340s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.002s (-46.1% 🟢)	2.377s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.425s	26	1.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.918s (-79.9% 🟢)	6.798s (-77.9% 🟢)	0.332s (+196.4% 🔺)	7.549s (-76.2% 🟢)	1.631s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.954s (-64.8% 🟢)	7.332s (-59.8% 🟢)	0.420s (+98.8% 🔺)	8.223s (-56.6% 🟢)	2.269s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.660s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.030s (-19.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.046s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.386s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.769s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.272s	58	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.863s (-11.0% 🟢)	1.301s (+4.3%)	0.000s (-46.7% 🟢)	1.338s (+6.4% 🔺)	0.475s	45	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.369s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+266.7% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.648s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-30.0% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.604s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.427s	2.015s	0.000s	2.018s	0.591s	30	2.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.825s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.711s (+7.2% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.163s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.338s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.097s (-59.8% 🟢)	5.684s (-50.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.262s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.165s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.336s (-24.6% 🟢)	2.029s (-6.8% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.058s (-6.4% 🟢)	0.722s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.614s	2.180s	0.000s	2.192s	0.578s	28	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.659s (+48.4% 🔺)	3.258s (+52.2% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	3.312s (+52.3% 🔺)	0.653s	19	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.848s	3.364s	0.001s	3.368s	0.520s	18	2.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.104s (-8.4% 🟢)	3.839s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+28.9% 🔺)	3.843s (-4.8%)	0.739s	16	2.32x
💻 Local	Express	3.316s (-4.4%)	3.844s (-4.7%)	0.001s (+1.6%)	3.849s (-4.6%)	0.533s	16	2.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.675s (+38.6% 🔺)	6.613s (+23.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.055s (+21.8% 🔺)	1.380s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.436s (+14.6% 🔺)	7.743s (+10.9% 🔺)	0.002s (+1700.0% 🔺)	8.446s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.010s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	13/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for 76d786e (AI decision).

This commit fixes flakes in abortFetchInFlightWorkflow and abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow e2e tests and the supporting fetchWithSignal step. Verified via git show origin/stable that none of these tests, the workflow definitions, or the step function exist on stable — the changes have no target to apply to.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

76d786efa1ab0bc2eba5d0f92a08096d07c8211a

[VaguelySerious]

abortFetchInFlightWorkflow was the most flaky e2e test, with a sibling flake in abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow. Both race a slow fetch against a 2s sleep, and the diagnostic commit in this PR confirmed the root cause: httpbin.org/delay/30 returns HTTP 502 from GH Actions runners in 56ms–1709ms intermittently — hit 4 times in a single CI run on the diagnostic commit alone.

Two failure modes, both caused by the same 502:

• 502 in <2s → winner='fetch' (fetch wins the race) → first assertion fails
• 502 in ~1.7s → winner='timeout' (sleep wins) but the 502 had already resolved, so fetchResult.aborted=false → later assertions fail

Changes

Commit 1 — diagnostics.fetchWithSignal now reports status, elapsedMs, and per-URL attempts. The two test assertions include the full returnValue JSON in their failure messages, so any future flake immediately shows what the upstream returned instead of just expected 'fetch' to be 'timeout'.

Commit 2 — fallback. Switch the slow-endpoint URL from a single httpbin.org/delay/30 to a primary postman-echo.com/delay/10 with httpbin.org/delay/10 as a fallback. The step only calls the fallback when the primary returns a 5xx or non-AbortError network failure — successful or aborted responses short-circuit. Both upstreams would need to be unhealthy at the same instant to flake the test.

The original concern (per-workbench /api/delay route) is sidestepped — we stay on shared external services but stop depending on any single one.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Skipped		May 22, 2026 11:09am

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 017645f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 0 packages

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.033s (-26.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.973s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.050s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.962s	10	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.6% 🟢)	1.019s (-2.3%)	0.963s	10	1.79x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.012s	0.954s	10	1.86x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.245s (-2.4%)	2.250s (-3.6%)	2.004s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.408s (~)	2.303s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.895s	10	1.66x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.062s (-6.9% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.947s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.071s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.935s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.076s (-4.3%)	2.006s (~)	0.930s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.927s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s	2.006s	0.898s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.117s	2.009s	0.892s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.651s (-57.6% 🟢)	3.291s (-44.3% 🟢)	1.640s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.795s (-11.8% 🟢)	3.884s (+1.4%)	2.089s	10	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.419s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.603s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.427s (-4.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.591s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.439s (-4.4%)	11.022s (~)	0.583s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.509s (-3.3%)	11.045s (~)	0.536s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.680s	11.020s	0.341s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.748s	11.022s	0.274s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.455s (-43.3% 🟢)	15.211s (-39.4% 🟢)	1.756s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.630s (-21.3% 🟢)	15.628s (-19.4% 🟢)	1.998s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.457s (-10.7% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.569s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.472s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.019s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.547s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.534s (-9.6% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.493s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.897s (-4.8%)	14.439s (-3.9%)	0.542s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.107s	15.030s	0.924s	4	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.220s	15.017s	0.798s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.543s (-68.1% 🟢)	21.668s (-67.5% 🟢)	1.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.343s (-59.4% 🟢)	23.532s (-56.9% 🟢)	2.189s	3	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.885s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.136s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.923s (-14.9% 🟢)	12.020s (-17.6% 🟢)	0.097s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.049s (-27.4% 🟢)	12.524s (-26.5% 🟢)	0.475s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.175s (-5.7% 🟢)	13.591s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.415s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.401s	14.018s	0.616s	7	1.13x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.419s	14.170s	0.750s	7	1.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	26.586s (-93.7% 🟢)	28.027s (-93.4% 🟢)	1.441s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.430s (-93.0% 🟢)	29.339s (-92.6% 🟢)	1.908s	4	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.186s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.819s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.190s (-27.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.816s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.198s	2.007s	0.809s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.271s	2.006s	0.735s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.343s (+5.4% 🔺)	2.012s (~)	0.669s	15	1.17x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.374s (-15.8% 🟢)	3.542s (-18.1% 🟢)	1.168s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.386s (-29.8% 🟢)	3.775s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.390s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.193s (-49.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.814s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.354s	2.006s	0.652s	15	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.498s (-36.3% 🟢)	2.164s (-28.1% 🟢)	0.666s	14	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.761s (-44.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.244s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.825s	2.294s	0.468s	14	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.293s (-33.6% 🟢)	0.287s	14	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.145s (+2.3%)	5.379s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.234s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.566s (-35.7% 🟢)	6.327s (-29.0% 🟢)	1.761s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.327s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.681s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.639s	2.008s	0.369s	15	1.24x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.697s (-51.2% 🟢)	2.344s (-41.5% 🟢)	0.648s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.871s	5.345s	0.474s	6	3.67x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.064s (-39.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-37.0% 🟢)	0.616s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.506s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.214s (-31.2% 🟢)	0.708s	5	4.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.942s (+68.6% 🔺)	8.267s (+49.4% 🔺)	2.325s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.527s (-26.8% 🟢)	8.273s (-24.5% 🟢)	1.747s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.169s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.839s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.194s	2.008s	0.814s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.382s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.631s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.587s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.485s (-21.6% 🟢)	2.007s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.522s	15	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.733s	2.391s	0.658s	13	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.632s (-10.2% 🟢)	4.572s (-1.5%)	1.940s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.812s (+14.3% 🔺)	4.353s (+4.4%)	1.541s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.202s (-48.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.806s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.009s	0.673s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.912s (-18.3% 🟢)	2.506s (-16.8% 🟢)	0.594s	13	1.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.984s	2.507s	0.523s	12	1.65x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.129s (-30.5% 🟢)	2.592s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.463s	12	1.77x
💻 Local	Express	2.173s (-30.6% 🟢)	2.592s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.419s	12	1.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.637s (+15.7% 🔺)	5.188s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.551s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.661s (+13.2% 🔺)	4.893s (-3.6%)	1.232s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.316s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.691s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.643s	2.074s	0.431s	15	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.764s (-49.3% 🟢)	2.514s (-37.3% 🟢)	0.749s	12	1.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.630s	6.012s	0.382s	5	4.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.033s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.414s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.381s	5	4.59x
💻 Local	Express	6.294s (-28.5% 🟢)	6.617s (-28.6% 🟢)	0.322s	5	4.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.579s (-17.4% 🟢)	7.709s (-9.8% 🟢)	2.130s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.998s (+17.8% 🔺)	7.479s (+9.7% 🔺)	1.481s	5	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.446s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.561s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.502s (-48.8% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.519s	59	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.523s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.499s	59	1.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.684s	1.006s	0.322s	60	1.54x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.721s (-12.1% 🟢)	1.287s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.566s	47	1.62x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.732s	1.004s	0.272s	60	1.64x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.217s (-76.3% 🟢)	6.824s (-71.6% 🟢)	1.607s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.947s (-59.0% 🟢)	7.591s (-52.8% 🟢)	1.644s	9	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.049s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.706s (-24.4% 🟢)	0.657s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.157s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.558s (-25.8% 🟢)	0.401s	58	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.219s (-59.8% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.786s	45	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.286s (-57.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-44.0% 🟢)	0.721s	45	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.589s	2.007s	0.418s	45	1.52x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.831s	2.027s	0.196s	45	1.75x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.806s (-67.6% 🟢)	14.529s (-64.8% 🟢)	1.723s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.083s (-71.7% 🟢)	16.343s (-68.4% 🟢)	2.260s	6	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.135s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.735s (-37.4% 🟢)	0.599s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.498s (-39.1% 🟢)	3.039s (-34.0% 🟢)	0.540s	40	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.720s (-70.8% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.288s	40	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	2.853s (-69.0% 🟢)	3.110s (-69.0% 🟢)	0.258s	39	1.34x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.162s	4.008s	0.845s	30	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.918s	4.366s	0.448s	28	1.83x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	28.344s (-70.8% 🟢)	30.492s (-69.0% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	31.614s (-70.5% 🟢)	33.488s (-69.3% 🟢)	1.873s	4	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.827s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.224s	1.006s	0.781s	60	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.408s (+44.1% 🔺)	1.066s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.658s	57	2.28x
💻 Local	Express	0.419s (-25.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.586s	60	2.34x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.422s (-30.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.583s	60	2.36x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	3.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.297s (+13.6% 🔺)	4.099s (+8.1% 🔺)	1.803s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.314s (+39.3% 🔺)	3.753s (+12.0% 🔺)	1.439s	16	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.337s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.017s (+1.1%)	0.680s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.415s (-16.3% 🟢)	1.050s (+4.3%)	0.635s	86	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.423s	1.006s	0.583s	90	1.25x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.159s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.821s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.662s	32	6.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.198s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.912s (-3.2%)	0.714s	31	6.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.202s	3.042s	0.840s	30	6.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.760s (+47.6% 🔺)	6.224s (+29.1% 🔺)	1.463s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (+50.6% 🔺)	7.178s (+38.2% 🔺)	1.853s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.612s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.137s (+12.9% 🔺)	0.525s	106	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.614s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.392s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.889s	1.068s	0.179s	114	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.117s (-9.6% 🟢)	10.860s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.742s	12	16.52x
💻 Local	Express	10.585s (-5.4% 🟢)	11.118s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.534s	11	17.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.824s	11.483s	0.659s	11	17.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.197s (+70.9% 🔺)	14.742s (+56.8% 🔺)	1.545s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.457s (+40.0% 🔺)	16.425s (+33.7% 🔺)	1.969s	8	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.130s (+428.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-2.4%)	2.020s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.890s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.138s (+471.4% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+4.1%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.882s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.142s (+456.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.2% 🔺)	0.001s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.868s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.188s (+479.4% 🔺)	1.998s (+99.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-73.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.823s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.001s	0.001s	2.010s	0.817s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.211s	2.004s	0.011s	2.018s	0.808s	10	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-45.5% 🟢)	3.011s (-42.9% 🟢)	1.894s (+155.2% 🔺)	5.290s (-18.4% 🟢)	3.202s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.093s (-69.5% 🟢)	3.282s (-62.1% 🟢)	1.741s (+175.5% 🔺)	5.489s (-43.9% 🟢)	3.396s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.531s (+143.0% 🔺)	2.004s (+99.1% 🔺)	0.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.495s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.584s (+109.2% 🔺)	2.012s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.012s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.026s (+94.8% 🔺)	0.442s	30	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.676s	2.010s	0.010s	2.023s	0.348s	30	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.707s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.318s	30	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.719s (+104.9% 🔺)	2.011s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.009s (+1.0%)	2.202s (+97.3% 🔺)	0.483s	28	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.952s (+212.8% 🔺)	2.340s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.002s (-46.1% 🟢)	2.377s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.425s	26	1.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.918s (-79.9% 🟢)	6.798s (-77.9% 🟢)	0.332s (+196.4% 🔺)	7.549s (-76.2% 🟢)	1.631s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.954s (-64.8% 🟢)	7.332s (-59.8% 🟢)	0.420s (+98.8% 🔺)	8.223s (-56.6% 🟢)	2.269s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.660s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.030s (-19.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.046s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.386s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.769s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.272s	58	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.863s (-11.0% 🟢)	1.301s (+4.3%)	0.000s (-46.7% 🟢)	1.338s (+6.4% 🔺)	0.475s	45	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.369s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+266.7% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.648s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-30.0% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.604s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.427s	2.015s	0.000s	2.018s	0.591s	30	2.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.825s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.711s (+7.2% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.163s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.338s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.097s (-59.8% 🟢)	5.684s (-50.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.262s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.165s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.336s (-24.6% 🟢)	2.029s (-6.8% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.058s (-6.4% 🟢)	0.722s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.614s	2.180s	0.000s	2.192s	0.578s	28	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.659s (+48.4% 🔺)	3.258s (+52.2% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	3.312s (+52.3% 🔺)	0.653s	19	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.848s	3.364s	0.001s	3.368s	0.520s	18	2.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.104s (-8.4% 🟢)	3.839s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+28.9% 🔺)	3.843s (-4.8%)	0.739s	16	2.32x
💻 Local	Express	3.316s (-4.4%)	3.844s (-4.7%)	0.001s (+1.6%)	3.849s (-4.6%)	0.533s	16	2.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.675s (+38.6% 🔺)	6.613s (+23.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.055s (+21.8% 🔺)	1.380s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.436s (+14.6% 🔺)	7.743s (+10.9% 🔺)	0.002s (+1700.0% 🔺)	8.446s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.010s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	13/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for 76d786e (AI decision).

This commit fixes flakes in abortFetchInFlightWorkflow and abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow e2e tests and the supporting fetchWithSignal step. Verified via git show origin/stable that none of these tests, the workflow definitions, or the step function exist on stable — the changes have no target to apply to.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

76d786efa1ab0bc2eba5d0f92a08096d07c8211a

[VaguelySerious]

abortFetchInFlightWorkflow was the most flaky e2e test, with a sibling flake in abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow. Both race a slow fetch against a 2s sleep, and the diagnostic commit in this PR confirmed the root cause: httpbin.org/delay/30 returns HTTP 502 from GH Actions runners in 56ms–1709ms intermittently — hit 4 times in a single CI run on the diagnostic commit alone.

Two failure modes, both caused by the same 502:

• 502 in <2s → winner='fetch' (fetch wins the race) → first assertion fails
• 502 in ~1.7s → winner='timeout' (sleep wins) but the 502 had already resolved, so fetchResult.aborted=false → later assertions fail

Changes

Commit 1 — diagnostics.fetchWithSignal now reports status, elapsedMs, and per-URL attempts. The two test assertions include the full returnValue JSON in their failure messages, so any future flake immediately shows what the upstream returned instead of just expected 'fetch' to be 'timeout'.

Commit 2 — fallback. Switch the slow-endpoint URL from a single httpbin.org/delay/30 to a primary postman-echo.com/delay/10 with httpbin.org/delay/10 as a fallback. The step only calls the fallback when the primary returns a 5xx or non-AbortError network failure — successful or aborted responses short-circuit. Both upstreams would need to be unhealthy at the same instant to flake the test.

The original concern (per-workbench /api/delay route) is sidestepped — we stay on shared external services but stop depending on any single one.

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 22, 2026 11:09am

1 Skipped Deployment

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
workflow-docs	Skipped		May 22, 2026 11:09am

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 017645f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 0 packages

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1222	0	219	1441
✅ 💻 Local Development	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 📦 Local Production	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1615	0	219	1834
✅ 🪟 Windows	131	0	0	131
✅ 📋 Other	741	0	176	917
Total	6939	0	1052	7991

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	105	0	26
✅ example	105	0	26
✅ express	105	0	26
✅ fastify	105	0	26
✅ hono	105	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	129	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	129	0	2
✅ nitro	105	0	26
✅ nuxt	105	0	26
✅ sveltekit	124	0	7
✅ vite	105	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	106	0	25
✅ express-stable	106	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	106	0	25
✅ hono-stable	106	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	112	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	131	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	131	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	106	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	106	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	125	0	6
✅ vite-stable	106	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	131	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	106	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	106	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	105	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.031s (-27.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.975s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.033s (-26.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.973s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.050s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.962s	10	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s	1.006s	0.955s	10	1.64x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.6% 🟢)	1.019s (-2.3%)	0.963s	10	1.79x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.058s	1.012s	0.954s	10	1.86x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.245s (-2.4%)	2.250s (-3.6%)	2.004s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.408s (~)	2.303s (-8.2% 🟢)	1.895s	10	1.66x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.062s (-6.9% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.947s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.071s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.935s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.076s (-4.3%)	2.006s (~)	0.930s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.082s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.927s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.108s	2.006s	0.898s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.117s	2.009s	0.892s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.651s (-57.6% 🟢)	3.291s (-44.3% 🟢)	1.640s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.795s (-11.8% 🟢)	3.884s (+1.4%)	2.089s	10	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.419s (-4.8%)	11.022s (~)	0.603s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.427s (-4.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.591s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.439s (-4.4%)	11.022s (~)	0.583s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.509s (-3.3%)	11.045s (~)	0.536s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.680s	11.020s	0.341s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.748s	11.022s	0.274s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.455s (-43.3% 🟢)	15.211s (-39.4% 🟢)	1.756s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.630s (-21.3% 🟢)	15.628s (-19.4% 🟢)	1.998s	3	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.457s (-10.7% 🟢)	14.026s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.569s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.472s (-7.6% 🟢)	14.019s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.547s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.534s (-9.6% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.493s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.897s (-4.8%)	14.439s (-3.9%)	0.542s	5	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.107s	15.030s	0.924s	4	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.220s	15.017s	0.798s	4	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.543s (-68.1% 🟢)	21.668s (-67.5% 🟢)	1.126s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.343s (-59.4% 🟢)	23.532s (-56.9% 🟢)	2.189s	3	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	11.885s (-29.2% 🟢)	12.021s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.136s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	11.923s (-14.9% 🟢)	12.020s (-17.6% 🟢)	0.097s	8	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.049s (-27.4% 🟢)	12.524s (-26.5% 🟢)	0.475s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.175s (-5.7% 🟢)	13.591s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.415s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.401s	14.018s	0.616s	7	1.13x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.419s	14.170s	0.750s	7	1.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	26.586s (-93.7% 🟢)	28.027s (-93.4% 🟢)	1.441s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	27.430s (-93.0% 🟢)	29.339s (-92.6% 🟢)	1.908s	4	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.150s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.857s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.186s (-20.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.819s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.190s (-27.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.816s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.198s	2.007s	0.809s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.271s	2.006s	0.735s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.343s (+5.4% 🔺)	2.012s (~)	0.669s	15	1.17x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.374s (-15.8% 🟢)	3.542s (-18.1% 🟢)	1.168s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.386s (-29.8% 🟢)	3.775s (-23.5% 🟢)	1.390s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.193s (-49.5% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.814s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.354s	2.006s	0.652s	15	1.14x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.498s (-36.3% 🟢)	2.164s (-28.1% 🟢)	0.666s	14	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.761s (-44.0% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.244s	15	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.825s	2.294s	0.468s	14	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.293s (-33.6% 🟢)	0.287s	14	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.145s (+2.3%)	5.379s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.234s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.566s (-35.7% 🟢)	6.327s (-29.0% 🟢)	1.761s	5	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.327s (-62.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.681s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.639s	2.008s	0.369s	15	1.24x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.697s (-51.2% 🟢)	2.344s (-41.5% 🟢)	0.648s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.871s	5.345s	0.474s	6	3.67x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.064s (-39.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-37.0% 🟢)	0.616s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.506s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.214s (-31.2% 🟢)	0.708s	5	4.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.942s (+68.6% 🔺)	8.267s (+49.4% 🔺)	2.325s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.527s (-26.8% 🟢)	8.273s (-24.5% 🟢)	1.747s	4	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.169s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.839s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.194s	2.008s	0.814s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.382s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.631s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.419s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.587s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.485s (-21.6% 🟢)	2.007s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.522s	15	1.27x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.733s	2.391s	0.658s	13	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.632s (-10.2% 🟢)	4.572s (-1.5%)	1.940s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.812s (+14.3% 🔺)	4.353s (+4.4%)	1.541s	7	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.202s (-48.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.806s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.336s	2.009s	0.673s	15	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.912s (-18.3% 🟢)	2.506s (-16.8% 🟢)	0.594s	13	1.59x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.984s	2.507s	0.523s	12	1.65x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.129s (-30.5% 🟢)	2.592s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.463s	12	1.77x
💻 Local	Express	2.173s (-30.6% 🟢)	2.592s (-31.1% 🟢)	0.419s	12	1.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.637s (+15.7% 🔺)	5.188s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.551s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.661s (+13.2% 🔺)	4.893s (-3.6%)	1.232s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.316s (-62.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-50.0% 🟢)	0.691s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.643s	2.074s	0.431s	15	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.764s (-49.3% 🟢)	2.514s (-37.3% 🟢)	0.749s	12	1.34x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.630s	6.012s	0.382s	5	4.28x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.033s (-34.0% 🟢)	6.414s (-36.0% 🟢)	0.381s	5	4.59x
💻 Local	Express	6.294s (-28.5% 🟢)	6.617s (-28.6% 🟢)	0.322s	5	4.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	5.579s (-17.4% 🟢)	7.709s (-9.8% 🟢)	2.130s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.998s (+17.8% 🔺)	7.479s (+9.7% 🔺)	1.481s	5	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.446s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.561s	60	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.502s (-48.8% 🟢)	1.021s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.519s	59	1.13x
💻 Local	Express	0.523s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.0% 🟢)	0.499s	59	1.17x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.684s	1.006s	0.322s	60	1.54x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.721s (-12.1% 🟢)	1.287s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.566s	47	1.62x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.732s	1.004s	0.272s	60	1.64x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.217s (-76.3% 🟢)	6.824s (-71.6% 🟢)	1.607s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.947s (-59.0% 🟢)	7.591s (-52.8% 🟢)	1.644s	9	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.049s (-46.9% 🟢)	1.706s (-24.4% 🟢)	0.657s	53	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.157s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.558s (-25.8% 🟢)	0.401s	58	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.219s (-59.8% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.786s	45	1.16x
💻 Local	Express	1.286s (-57.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-44.0% 🟢)	0.721s	45	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.589s	2.007s	0.418s	45	1.52x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.831s	2.027s	0.196s	45	1.75x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.806s (-67.6% 🟢)	14.529s (-64.8% 🟢)	1.723s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.083s (-71.7% 🟢)	16.343s (-68.4% 🟢)	2.260s	6	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.135s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.735s (-37.4% 🟢)	0.599s	44	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.498s (-39.1% 🟢)	3.039s (-34.0% 🟢)	0.540s	40	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.720s (-70.8% 🟢)	3.007s (-70.0% 🟢)	0.288s	40	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	2.853s (-69.0% 🟢)	3.110s (-69.0% 🟢)	0.258s	39	1.34x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.162s	4.008s	0.845s	30	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.918s	4.366s	0.448s	28	1.83x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	28.344s (-70.8% 🟢)	30.492s (-69.0% 🟢)	2.148s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	31.614s (-70.5% 🟢)	33.488s (-69.3% 🟢)	1.873s	4	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.179s (-36.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.827s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.224s	1.006s	0.781s	60	1.25x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.408s (+44.1% 🔺)	1.066s (+5.8% 🔺)	0.658s	57	2.28x
💻 Local	Express	0.419s (-25.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.586s	60	2.34x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.422s (-30.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.583s	60	2.36x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.611s	1.004s	0.394s	60	3.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.297s (+13.6% 🔺)	4.099s (+8.1% 🔺)	1.803s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.314s (+39.3% 🔺)	3.753s (+12.0% 🔺)	1.439s	16	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.337s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.017s (+1.1%)	0.680s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.415s (-16.3% 🟢)	1.050s (+4.3%)	0.635s	86	1.23x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.423s	1.006s	0.583s	90	1.25x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.159s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.821s (-6.3% 🟢)	0.662s	32	6.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.198s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.912s (-3.2%)	0.714s	31	6.51x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.202s	3.042s	0.840s	30	6.53x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.760s (+47.6% 🔺)	6.224s (+29.1% 🔺)	1.463s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (+50.6% 🔺)	7.178s (+38.2% 🔺)	1.853s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.612s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.137s (+12.9% 🔺)	0.525s	106	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.614s (-25.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.392s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.889s	1.068s	0.179s	114	1.45x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.117s (-9.6% 🟢)	10.860s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.742s	12	16.52x
💻 Local	Express	10.585s (-5.4% 🟢)	11.118s (-6.9% 🟢)	0.534s	11	17.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.824s	11.483s	0.659s	11	17.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.197s (+70.9% 🔺)	14.742s (+56.8% 🔺)	1.545s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.457s (+40.0% 🔺)	16.425s (+33.7% 🔺)	1.969s	8	1.10x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.130s (+428.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.012s (-2.4%)	2.020s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.890s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.138s (+471.4% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+4.1%)	2.020s (+98.4% 🔺)	0.882s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.142s (+456.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.2% 🔺)	0.001s (-12.5% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.868s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.188s (+479.4% 🔺)	1.998s (+99.8% 🔺)	0.000s (-73.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.823s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.192s	2.001s	0.001s	2.010s	0.817s	10	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.211s	2.004s	0.011s	2.018s	0.808s	10	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.088s (-45.5% 🟢)	3.011s (-42.9% 🟢)	1.894s (+155.2% 🔺)	5.290s (-18.4% 🟢)	3.202s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.093s (-69.5% 🟢)	3.282s (-62.1% 🟢)	1.741s (+175.5% 🔺)	5.489s (-43.9% 🟢)	3.396s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.531s (+143.0% 🔺)	2.004s (+99.1% 🔺)	0.004s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.495s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.584s (+109.2% 🔺)	2.012s (+95.5% 🔺)	0.012s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.026s (+94.8% 🔺)	0.442s	30	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.676s	2.010s	0.010s	2.023s	0.348s	30	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.707s	2.010s	0.004s	2.025s	0.318s	30	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.719s (+104.9% 🔺)	2.011s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.009s (+1.0%)	2.202s (+97.3% 🔺)	0.483s	28	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.952s (+212.8% 🔺)	2.340s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.002s (-46.1% 🟢)	2.377s (+132.5% 🔺)	0.425s	26	1.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.918s (-79.9% 🟢)	6.798s (-77.9% 🟢)	0.332s (+196.4% 🔺)	7.549s (-76.2% 🟢)	1.631s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.954s (-64.8% 🟢)	7.332s (-59.8% 🟢)	0.420s (+98.8% 🔺)	8.223s (-56.6% 🟢)	2.269s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.660s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.030s (-19.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.046s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.386s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.769s	1.035s	0.000s	1.042s	0.272s	58	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.863s (-11.0% 🟢)	1.301s (+4.3%)	0.000s (-46.7% 🟢)	1.338s (+6.4% 🔺)	0.475s	45	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.369s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (+266.7% 🔺)	2.017s (~)	0.648s	30	2.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+15.4% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.000s (-30.0% 🟢)	2.018s (~)	0.604s	30	2.14x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.427s	2.015s	0.000s	2.018s	0.591s	30	2.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.825s (+25.4% 🔺)	4.711s (+7.2% 🔺)	0.000s (+116.7% 🔺)	5.163s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.338s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.097s (-59.8% 🟢)	5.684s (-50.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.262s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.165s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.336s (-24.6% 🟢)	2.029s (-6.8% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.058s (-6.4% 🟢)	0.722s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.614s	2.180s	0.000s	2.192s	0.578s	28	1.21x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.659s (+48.4% 🔺)	3.258s (+52.2% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	3.312s (+52.3% 🔺)	0.653s	19	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.848s	3.364s	0.001s	3.368s	0.520s	18	2.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.104s (-8.4% 🟢)	3.839s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+28.9% 🔺)	3.843s (-4.8%)	0.739s	16	2.32x
💻 Local	Express	3.316s (-4.4%)	3.844s (-4.7%)	0.001s (+1.6%)	3.849s (-4.6%)	0.533s	16	2.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.675s (+38.6% 🔺)	6.613s (+23.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.055s (+21.8% 🔺)	1.380s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.436s (+14.6% 🔺)	7.743s (+10.9% 🔺)	0.002s (+1700.0% 🔺)	8.446s (+12.0% 🔺)	2.010s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	14/21
🐘 Postgres	Express	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	13/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

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📋 View full workflow run

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❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for 76d786e (AI decision).

This commit fixes flakes in abortFetchInFlightWorkflow and abortVoidSleepTimeoutWorkflow e2e tests and the supporting fetchWithSignal step. Verified via git show origin/stable that none of these tests, the workflow definitions, or the step function exist on stable — the changes have no target to apply to.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

76d786efa1ab0bc2eba5d0f92a08096d07c8211a