fix(next): discover root entrypoints

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• discover workflows imported from exact Next.js instrumentation, middleware, and proxy entrypoints at the project root or under src
• honor configured pageExtensions when identifying those root entrypoints
• keep the existing App Router and Pages Router entrypoint filtering
• scan the project once so root entrypoints are available to the filter

Replaces #1846.
Fixes#1845.

Testing

• pnpm --filter @workflow/next... build
• vitest run packages/next/src/index.test.ts
• tsc -p packages/next/tsconfig.json

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f6ce39f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/next	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 📦 Local Production	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1593	0	231	1824
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	7282	0	1078	8360

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.047s (-2.7%)	1.006s (-0.7%)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.047s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.050s (+0.6%)	1.006s (~)	0.956s	10	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s (+0.7%)	1.012s (~)	0.953s	10	1.26x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.066s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.947s	10	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.069s (+8.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.944s	10	1.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.319s (-1.8%)	2.424s (-2.1%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.356s (+24.2% 🔺)	2.493s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.138s	10	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.367s (+13.8% 🔺)	2.504s (-0.7%)	2.137s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.082s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.083s (+0.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.083s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.091s (-0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.919s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.093s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.917s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.096s (+0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.914s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.435s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.989s (-40.9% 🟢)	1.554s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s (+2.8%)	3.411s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.947s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.500s (+5.8% 🔺)	3.089s (-3.2%)	1.589s	10	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	10.448s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.574s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.457s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.566s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.492s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.532s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.494s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.522s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.503s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.520s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.525s (+0.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.493s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.826s (+1.5%)	14.152s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.327s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.661s (+6.6% 🔺)	15.390s (+10.4% 🔺)	2.729s	2	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.089s (+19.8% 🔺)	16.219s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.129s	2	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.580s (~)	14.029s (~)	0.449s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.614s (~)	14.026s (~)	0.413s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.618s (-0.8%)	14.027s (-1.4%)	0.409s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.629s (-1.0%)	14.022s (~)	0.393s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.743s (+0.5%)	14.020s (~)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.792s (+1.3%)	14.020s (~)	0.228s	5	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	17.973s (-0.6%)	20.146s (~)	2.173s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.016s (-15.7% 🟢)	20.077s (-16.2% 🟢)	2.060s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.445s (+4.3%)	20.093s (+3.9%)	1.648s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.156s (-1.8%)	13.025s (~)	0.870s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.187s (+0.9%)	13.019s (+1.1%)	0.833s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.242s (~)	13.025s (~)	0.783s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.294s (+1.1%)	13.020s (~)	0.726s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.311s (+2.2%)	13.024s (+2.0%)	0.713s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.334s (+0.8%)	13.017s (~)	0.683s	7	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	22.924s (+2.6%)	25.381s (+3.8%)	2.457s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.508s (-27.5% 🟢)	26.925s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.417s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	25.244s (-1.3%)	27.703s (-0.9%)	2.459s	4	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s (-0.8%)	2.007s (~)	0.835s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.195s (+1.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.814s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.389s (-2.0%)	2.006s (~)	0.617s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.586s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.422s (+3.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.584s	15	1.21x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.601s (+14.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+7.0% 🔺)	1.691s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.649s (-55.1% 🟢)	4.487s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.838s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.872s (+17.3% 🔺)	4.540s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.667s	7	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.314s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.508s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.195s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.314s (-1.1%)	3.110s (+3.4%)	1.795s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.340s (-2.1%)	2.676s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.336s	12	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.456s (-6.4% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.553s	10	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	2.477s (+1.9%)	2.917s (-3.0%)	0.441s	11	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.619s (-2.9%)	3.008s (-3.2%)	0.389s	10	1.99x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.087s (-60.4% 🟢)	5.182s (-52.1% 🟢)	2.096s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.264s (+1.0%)	5.465s (+20.2% 🔺)	2.201s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.354s (-66.8% 🟢)	5.736s (-52.6% 🟢)	2.382s	6	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.610s (+1.7%)	4.298s (+3.9%)	2.688s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.621s (~)	4.138s (~)	2.517s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.005s (+19.0% 🔺)	5.680s (+3.0%)	2.676s	6	1.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.452s (-18.6% 🟢)	5.179s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.727s	6	2.77x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.206s (+1.2%)	6.614s (~)	0.408s	5	3.86x
💻 Local	Express	6.896s (+12.8% 🔺)	7.517s (+13.6% 🔺)	0.621s	4	4.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.368s (-15.0% 🟢)	6.502s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.134s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.513s (+1.3%)	6.988s (+12.2% 🔺)	2.475s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.691s (-43.8% 🟢)	6.519s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.829s	5	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.190s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.818s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.200s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.808s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.203s (+3.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.804s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+2.1%)	2.007s (~)	0.594s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.462s (+3.7%)	2.007s (~)	0.545s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.502s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.073s (+3.3%)	0.571s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.355s (-32.2% 🟢)	4.195s (-20.6% 🟢)	1.840s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.563s (-4.3%)	4.356s (-3.1%)	1.793s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.638s (-74.1% 🟢)	4.432s (-62.8% 🟢)	1.794s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.310s (+1.0%)	3.010s (+3.1%)	1.700s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.314s (-0.9%)	2.508s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.194s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.365s (+4.2%)	2.593s (-3.1%)	1.228s	12	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.339s (-5.5% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.79x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.443s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.827s (-6.0% 🟢)	0.384s	11	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.527s (-0.8%)	3.342s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.816s	9	1.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.131s (-69.0% 🟢)	6.451s (-59.5% 🟢)	2.320s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.238s (-77.2% 🟢)	6.239s (-69.2% 🟢)	2.001s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.400s (-79.8% 🟢)	6.434s (-73.2% 🟢)	2.034s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.620s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.011s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.392s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.629s (-0.7%)	4.137s (+3.1%)	2.508s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.053s (-3.4%)	6.014s (+5.9% 🔺)	2.961s	5	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.748s (+9.4% 🔺)	6.216s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.468s	5	3.55x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.489s (-6.2% 🟢)	7.219s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.730s	5	4.01x
💻 Local	Express	6.713s (+5.4% 🔺)	7.517s (+4.1%)	0.804s	4	4.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.594s (-70.6% 🟢)	6.880s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.286s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.081s (-69.2% 🟢)	9.239s (-56.6% 🟢)	3.158s	4	1.32x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.625s (-63.0% 🟢)	8.895s (-55.1% 🟢)	2.270s	4	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.535s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.471s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.539s (-1.5%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.467s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.457s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.568s (-3.4%)	1.005s (~)	0.437s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s (-2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.425s	60	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	0.582s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.423s	60	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.508s (+64.0% 🔺)	6.795s (+58.4% 🔺)	2.287s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.865s (-3.1%)	6.849s (-1.7%)	1.984s	9	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.425s (+92.9% 🔺)	7.449s (+63.6% 🔺)	2.024s	9	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.300s (+1.2%)	2.029s (+1.1%)	0.729s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.306s (+1.3%)	2.008s (~)	0.702s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.347s (+4.9%)	2.030s (~)	0.683s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.424s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.581s	45	1.10x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.455s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.551s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.458s (-0.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.548s	45	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	8.628s (+1.6%)	10.588s (+2.3%)	1.960s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.711s (-27.0% 🟢)	10.704s (-24.0% 🟢)	1.993s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.981s (+0.8%)	11.015s (+0.8%)	2.033s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.588s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.111s (+1.7%)	0.523s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+2.5%)	3.009s (-0.8%)	0.410s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.703s (+4.0%)	3.112s (+0.9%)	0.408s	39	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	3.110s (-0.5%)	3.790s (-1.6%)	0.680s	32	1.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.143s (-1.8%)	3.912s (-2.4%)	0.769s	31	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.223s (-3.3%)	3.977s (+0.8%)	0.754s	31	1.25x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.593s (+27.1% 🔺)	20.018s (+26.4% 🔺)	2.425s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.033s (+3.2%)	20.224s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.191s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.000s (-4.9%)	23.801s (-2.6%)	2.802s	6	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.169s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.838s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.216s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.218s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.790s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (+4.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.542s	60	2.74x
💻 Local	Express	0.464s (+7.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.540s	60	2.75x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.598s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.407s	60	3.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.373s (-32.3% 🟢)	3.069s (-13.7% 🟢)	1.696s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.404s (+19.0% 🔺)	3.139s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.735s	20	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.421s (-25.2% 🟢)	3.129s (-11.9% 🟢)	1.707s	20	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.274s (+2.6%)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.744s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.323s (+5.7% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.683s	90	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.332s (+0.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.674s	90	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	2.112s (+1.3%)	2.657s (~)	0.544s	34	7.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.142s (-0.6%)	2.736s (+1.8%)	0.594s	33	7.82x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.799s (+3.4%)	3.223s (-2.2%)	0.424s	28	10.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.109s (-24.8% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.6% 🟢)	2.078s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.193s (-26.2% 🟢)	3.989s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.796s	23	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.757s (-21.0% 🟢)	4.888s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.130s	19	1.31x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-1.7%)	3.009s (+1.6%)	2.528s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.509s (+1.6%)	1.014s (-1.7%)	0.505s	119	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.536s (+5.0% 🔺)	1.098s (+8.2% 🔺)	0.561s	110	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.645s (~)	10.694s (-2.2%)	1.049s	12	20.06x
💻 Local	Express	9.798s (+4.7%)	10.940s (+3.9%)	1.142s	11	20.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.394s (+2.8%)	11.576s (+3.3%)	1.182s	11	21.62x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.225s (-54.1% 🟢)	5.524s (-35.8% 🟢)	2.298s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.321s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.621s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.299s	22	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.038s (-23.0% 🟢)	7.534s (-10.9% 🟢)	2.496s	16	1.56x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.140s (~)	1.968s (~)	0.012s (+16.3% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.155s (~)	2.001s (~)	0.001s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.857s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.157s (-1.5%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-4.1%)	2.019s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.159s (~)	1.999s (~)	0.001s (~)	2.011s (~)	0.852s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.162s (+0.8%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+19.8% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.858s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (+1.2%)	1.998s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.847s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.429s (+12.8% 🔺)	3.836s (+14.9% 🔺)	4.129s (-4.0%)	8.586s (+4.2%)	6.157s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.508s (+26.5% 🔺)	3.521s (+13.4% 🔺)	3.973s (+85.0% 🔺)	8.111s (+41.7% 🔺)	5.603s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s (-10.3% 🟢)	4.254s (-2.4%)	3.496s (-18.8% 🟢)	8.400s (-10.6% 🟢)	5.589s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.541s (-0.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.011s (-4.8%)	2.024s (~)	0.483s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.552s (+1.9%)	2.010s (~)	0.013s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.474s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.565s (+0.6%)	1.971s (~)	0.013s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.027s (~)	0.462s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.570s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (~)	2.025s (~)	0.455s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.584s (+1.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.005s (-2.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.443s	30	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.597s (+4.0%)	2.005s (~)	0.005s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.427s	30	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	6.469s (+9.4% 🔺)	7.841s (+8.6% 🔺)	0.501s (+6.2% 🔺)	8.908s (+8.2% 🔺)	2.439s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.522s (-41.3% 🟢)	8.038s (-37.2% 🟢)	0.316s (+31.3% 🔺)	8.994s (-33.6% 🟢)	2.473s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.754s (+17.5% 🔺)	8.279s (+21.0% 🔺)	0.322s (+45.0% 🔺)	9.138s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.384s	7	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.793s (~)	1.009s (-3.5%)	0.000s (NaN%)	1.060s (~)	0.267s	57	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.807s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.084s (+1.7%)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.115s (+3.1%)	0.308s	54	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.966s (-0.8%)	1.396s (+2.4%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	1.403s (+2.3%)	0.437s	43	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.253s (-3.4%)	1.949s (-3.2%)	0.000s (+93.5% 🔺)	1.951s (-3.2%)	0.698s	31	1.58x
💻 Local	Express	1.275s (+2.6%)	1.982s (~)	0.000s (+100.0% 🔺)	1.985s (~)	0.710s	31	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.324s (-4.2%)	1.980s (~)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.692s	30	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.503s (+45.5% 🔺)	5.967s (+36.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.672s (+33.8% 🔺)	2.170s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.505s (-2.0%)	5.718s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-55.0% 🟢)	6.485s (-4.5%)	1.980s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.783s (+16.6% 🔺)	6.186s (+20.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.779s (+20.9% 🔺)	1.996s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.711s (+1.1%)	2.256s (+1.9%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.269s (+1.6%)	0.559s	27	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.780s (+1.7%)	2.417s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.448s (+5.5% 🔺)	0.668s	26	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.623s (+12.4% 🔺)	3.215s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	3.222s (+10.6% 🔺)	0.600s	19	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	3.428s (+4.3%)	4.094s (+3.3%)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	4.097s (+3.2%)	0.669s	15	2.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.477s (+0.5%)	3.990s (~)	0.000s (-50.0% 🟢)	4.033s (~)	0.556s	15	2.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.496s (-7.2% 🟢)	4.023s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.002s (+246.7% 🔺)	4.034s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.537s	15	2.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.524s (-38.3% 🟢)	7.044s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.002s (+1025.0% 🔺)	7.644s (-31.2% 🟢)	2.120s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.626s	6.882s	0.000s	7.628s	2.002s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.717s (-19.6% 🟢)	7.314s (-11.9% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.833s (-11.9% 🟢)	2.116s	8	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	9/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Platformatic: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2578. Merge conflicts were resolved by AI — please review carefully. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• discover workflows imported from exact Next.js instrumentation, middleware, and proxy entrypoints at the project root or under src
• honor configured pageExtensions when identifying those root entrypoints
• keep the existing App Router and Pages Router entrypoint filtering
• scan the project once so root entrypoints are available to the filter

Replaces #1846.
Fixes#1845.

Testing

• pnpm --filter @workflow/next... build
• vitest run packages/next/src/index.test.ts
• tsc -p packages/next/tsconfig.json

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f6ce39f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/next	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 📦 Local Production	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1593	0	231	1824
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	7282	0	1078	8360

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.047s (-2.7%)	1.006s (-0.7%)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.047s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.050s (+0.6%)	1.006s (~)	0.956s	10	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s (+0.7%)	1.012s (~)	0.953s	10	1.26x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.066s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.947s	10	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.069s (+8.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.944s	10	1.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.319s (-1.8%)	2.424s (-2.1%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.356s (+24.2% 🔺)	2.493s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.138s	10	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.367s (+13.8% 🔺)	2.504s (-0.7%)	2.137s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.082s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.083s (+0.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.083s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.091s (-0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.919s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.093s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.917s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.096s (+0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.914s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.435s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.989s (-40.9% 🟢)	1.554s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s (+2.8%)	3.411s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.947s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.500s (+5.8% 🔺)	3.089s (-3.2%)	1.589s	10	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	10.448s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.574s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.457s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.566s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.492s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.532s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.494s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.522s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.503s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.520s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.525s (+0.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.493s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.826s (+1.5%)	14.152s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.327s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.661s (+6.6% 🔺)	15.390s (+10.4% 🔺)	2.729s	2	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.089s (+19.8% 🔺)	16.219s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.129s	2	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.580s (~)	14.029s (~)	0.449s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.614s (~)	14.026s (~)	0.413s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.618s (-0.8%)	14.027s (-1.4%)	0.409s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.629s (-1.0%)	14.022s (~)	0.393s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.743s (+0.5%)	14.020s (~)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.792s (+1.3%)	14.020s (~)	0.228s	5	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	17.973s (-0.6%)	20.146s (~)	2.173s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.016s (-15.7% 🟢)	20.077s (-16.2% 🟢)	2.060s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.445s (+4.3%)	20.093s (+3.9%)	1.648s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.156s (-1.8%)	13.025s (~)	0.870s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.187s (+0.9%)	13.019s (+1.1%)	0.833s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.242s (~)	13.025s (~)	0.783s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.294s (+1.1%)	13.020s (~)	0.726s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.311s (+2.2%)	13.024s (+2.0%)	0.713s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.334s (+0.8%)	13.017s (~)	0.683s	7	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	22.924s (+2.6%)	25.381s (+3.8%)	2.457s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.508s (-27.5% 🟢)	26.925s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.417s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	25.244s (-1.3%)	27.703s (-0.9%)	2.459s	4	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s (-0.8%)	2.007s (~)	0.835s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.195s (+1.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.814s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.389s (-2.0%)	2.006s (~)	0.617s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.586s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.422s (+3.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.584s	15	1.21x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.601s (+14.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+7.0% 🔺)	1.691s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.649s (-55.1% 🟢)	4.487s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.838s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.872s (+17.3% 🔺)	4.540s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.667s	7	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.314s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.508s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.195s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.314s (-1.1%)	3.110s (+3.4%)	1.795s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.340s (-2.1%)	2.676s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.336s	12	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.456s (-6.4% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.553s	10	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	2.477s (+1.9%)	2.917s (-3.0%)	0.441s	11	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.619s (-2.9%)	3.008s (-3.2%)	0.389s	10	1.99x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.087s (-60.4% 🟢)	5.182s (-52.1% 🟢)	2.096s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.264s (+1.0%)	5.465s (+20.2% 🔺)	2.201s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.354s (-66.8% 🟢)	5.736s (-52.6% 🟢)	2.382s	6	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.610s (+1.7%)	4.298s (+3.9%)	2.688s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.621s (~)	4.138s (~)	2.517s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.005s (+19.0% 🔺)	5.680s (+3.0%)	2.676s	6	1.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.452s (-18.6% 🟢)	5.179s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.727s	6	2.77x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.206s (+1.2%)	6.614s (~)	0.408s	5	3.86x
💻 Local	Express	6.896s (+12.8% 🔺)	7.517s (+13.6% 🔺)	0.621s	4	4.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.368s (-15.0% 🟢)	6.502s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.134s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.513s (+1.3%)	6.988s (+12.2% 🔺)	2.475s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.691s (-43.8% 🟢)	6.519s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.829s	5	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.190s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.818s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.200s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.808s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.203s (+3.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.804s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+2.1%)	2.007s (~)	0.594s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.462s (+3.7%)	2.007s (~)	0.545s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.502s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.073s (+3.3%)	0.571s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.355s (-32.2% 🟢)	4.195s (-20.6% 🟢)	1.840s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.563s (-4.3%)	4.356s (-3.1%)	1.793s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.638s (-74.1% 🟢)	4.432s (-62.8% 🟢)	1.794s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.310s (+1.0%)	3.010s (+3.1%)	1.700s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.314s (-0.9%)	2.508s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.194s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.365s (+4.2%)	2.593s (-3.1%)	1.228s	12	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.339s (-5.5% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.79x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.443s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.827s (-6.0% 🟢)	0.384s	11	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.527s (-0.8%)	3.342s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.816s	9	1.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.131s (-69.0% 🟢)	6.451s (-59.5% 🟢)	2.320s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.238s (-77.2% 🟢)	6.239s (-69.2% 🟢)	2.001s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.400s (-79.8% 🟢)	6.434s (-73.2% 🟢)	2.034s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.620s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.011s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.392s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.629s (-0.7%)	4.137s (+3.1%)	2.508s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.053s (-3.4%)	6.014s (+5.9% 🔺)	2.961s	5	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.748s (+9.4% 🔺)	6.216s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.468s	5	3.55x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.489s (-6.2% 🟢)	7.219s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.730s	5	4.01x
💻 Local	Express	6.713s (+5.4% 🔺)	7.517s (+4.1%)	0.804s	4	4.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.594s (-70.6% 🟢)	6.880s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.286s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.081s (-69.2% 🟢)	9.239s (-56.6% 🟢)	3.158s	4	1.32x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.625s (-63.0% 🟢)	8.895s (-55.1% 🟢)	2.270s	4	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.535s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.471s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.539s (-1.5%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.467s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.457s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.568s (-3.4%)	1.005s (~)	0.437s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s (-2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.425s	60	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	0.582s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.423s	60	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.508s (+64.0% 🔺)	6.795s (+58.4% 🔺)	2.287s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.865s (-3.1%)	6.849s (-1.7%)	1.984s	9	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.425s (+92.9% 🔺)	7.449s (+63.6% 🔺)	2.024s	9	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.300s (+1.2%)	2.029s (+1.1%)	0.729s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.306s (+1.3%)	2.008s (~)	0.702s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.347s (+4.9%)	2.030s (~)	0.683s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.424s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.581s	45	1.10x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.455s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.551s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.458s (-0.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.548s	45	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	8.628s (+1.6%)	10.588s (+2.3%)	1.960s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.711s (-27.0% 🟢)	10.704s (-24.0% 🟢)	1.993s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.981s (+0.8%)	11.015s (+0.8%)	2.033s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.588s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.111s (+1.7%)	0.523s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+2.5%)	3.009s (-0.8%)	0.410s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.703s (+4.0%)	3.112s (+0.9%)	0.408s	39	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	3.110s (-0.5%)	3.790s (-1.6%)	0.680s	32	1.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.143s (-1.8%)	3.912s (-2.4%)	0.769s	31	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.223s (-3.3%)	3.977s (+0.8%)	0.754s	31	1.25x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.593s (+27.1% 🔺)	20.018s (+26.4% 🔺)	2.425s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.033s (+3.2%)	20.224s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.191s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.000s (-4.9%)	23.801s (-2.6%)	2.802s	6	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.169s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.838s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.216s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.218s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.790s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (+4.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.542s	60	2.74x
💻 Local	Express	0.464s (+7.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.540s	60	2.75x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.598s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.407s	60	3.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.373s (-32.3% 🟢)	3.069s (-13.7% 🟢)	1.696s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.404s (+19.0% 🔺)	3.139s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.735s	20	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.421s (-25.2% 🟢)	3.129s (-11.9% 🟢)	1.707s	20	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.274s (+2.6%)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.744s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.323s (+5.7% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.683s	90	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.332s (+0.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.674s	90	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	2.112s (+1.3%)	2.657s (~)	0.544s	34	7.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.142s (-0.6%)	2.736s (+1.8%)	0.594s	33	7.82x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.799s (+3.4%)	3.223s (-2.2%)	0.424s	28	10.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.109s (-24.8% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.6% 🟢)	2.078s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.193s (-26.2% 🟢)	3.989s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.796s	23	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.757s (-21.0% 🟢)	4.888s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.130s	19	1.31x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-1.7%)	3.009s (+1.6%)	2.528s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.509s (+1.6%)	1.014s (-1.7%)	0.505s	119	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.536s (+5.0% 🔺)	1.098s (+8.2% 🔺)	0.561s	110	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.645s (~)	10.694s (-2.2%)	1.049s	12	20.06x
💻 Local	Express	9.798s (+4.7%)	10.940s (+3.9%)	1.142s	11	20.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.394s (+2.8%)	11.576s (+3.3%)	1.182s	11	21.62x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.225s (-54.1% 🟢)	5.524s (-35.8% 🟢)	2.298s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.321s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.621s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.299s	22	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.038s (-23.0% 🟢)	7.534s (-10.9% 🟢)	2.496s	16	1.56x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.140s (~)	1.968s (~)	0.012s (+16.3% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.155s (~)	2.001s (~)	0.001s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.857s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.157s (-1.5%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-4.1%)	2.019s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.159s (~)	1.999s (~)	0.001s (~)	2.011s (~)	0.852s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.162s (+0.8%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+19.8% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.858s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (+1.2%)	1.998s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.847s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.429s (+12.8% 🔺)	3.836s (+14.9% 🔺)	4.129s (-4.0%)	8.586s (+4.2%)	6.157s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.508s (+26.5% 🔺)	3.521s (+13.4% 🔺)	3.973s (+85.0% 🔺)	8.111s (+41.7% 🔺)	5.603s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s (-10.3% 🟢)	4.254s (-2.4%)	3.496s (-18.8% 🟢)	8.400s (-10.6% 🟢)	5.589s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.541s (-0.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.011s (-4.8%)	2.024s (~)	0.483s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.552s (+1.9%)	2.010s (~)	0.013s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.474s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.565s (+0.6%)	1.971s (~)	0.013s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.027s (~)	0.462s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.570s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (~)	2.025s (~)	0.455s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.584s (+1.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.005s (-2.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.443s	30	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.597s (+4.0%)	2.005s (~)	0.005s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.427s	30	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	6.469s (+9.4% 🔺)	7.841s (+8.6% 🔺)	0.501s (+6.2% 🔺)	8.908s (+8.2% 🔺)	2.439s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.522s (-41.3% 🟢)	8.038s (-37.2% 🟢)	0.316s (+31.3% 🔺)	8.994s (-33.6% 🟢)	2.473s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.754s (+17.5% 🔺)	8.279s (+21.0% 🔺)	0.322s (+45.0% 🔺)	9.138s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.384s	7	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.793s (~)	1.009s (-3.5%)	0.000s (NaN%)	1.060s (~)	0.267s	57	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.807s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.084s (+1.7%)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.115s (+3.1%)	0.308s	54	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.966s (-0.8%)	1.396s (+2.4%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	1.403s (+2.3%)	0.437s	43	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.253s (-3.4%)	1.949s (-3.2%)	0.000s (+93.5% 🔺)	1.951s (-3.2%)	0.698s	31	1.58x
💻 Local	Express	1.275s (+2.6%)	1.982s (~)	0.000s (+100.0% 🔺)	1.985s (~)	0.710s	31	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.324s (-4.2%)	1.980s (~)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.692s	30	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.503s (+45.5% 🔺)	5.967s (+36.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.672s (+33.8% 🔺)	2.170s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.505s (-2.0%)	5.718s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-55.0% 🟢)	6.485s (-4.5%)	1.980s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.783s (+16.6% 🔺)	6.186s (+20.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.779s (+20.9% 🔺)	1.996s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.711s (+1.1%)	2.256s (+1.9%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.269s (+1.6%)	0.559s	27	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.780s (+1.7%)	2.417s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.448s (+5.5% 🔺)	0.668s	26	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.623s (+12.4% 🔺)	3.215s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	3.222s (+10.6% 🔺)	0.600s	19	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	3.428s (+4.3%)	4.094s (+3.3%)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	4.097s (+3.2%)	0.669s	15	2.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.477s (+0.5%)	3.990s (~)	0.000s (-50.0% 🟢)	4.033s (~)	0.556s	15	2.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.496s (-7.2% 🟢)	4.023s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.002s (+246.7% 🔺)	4.034s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.537s	15	2.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.524s (-38.3% 🟢)	7.044s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.002s (+1025.0% 🔺)	7.644s (-31.2% 🟢)	2.120s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.626s	6.882s	0.000s	7.628s	2.002s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.717s (-19.6% 🟢)	7.314s (-11.9% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.833s (-11.9% 🟢)	2.116s	8	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	9/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Platformatic: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2578. Merge conflicts were resolved by AI — please review carefully. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• discover workflows imported from exact Next.js instrumentation, middleware, and proxy entrypoints at the project root or under src
• honor configured pageExtensions when identifying those root entrypoints
• keep the existing App Router and Pages Router entrypoint filtering
• scan the project once so root entrypoints are available to the filter

Replaces #1846.
Fixes#1845.

Testing

• pnpm --filter @workflow/next... build
• vitest run packages/next/src/index.test.ts
• tsc -p packages/next/tsconfig.json

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f6ce39f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/next	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 📦 Local Production	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1593	0	231	1824
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	7282	0	1078	8360

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.047s (-2.7%)	1.006s (-0.7%)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.047s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.050s (+0.6%)	1.006s (~)	0.956s	10	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s (+0.7%)	1.012s (~)	0.953s	10	1.26x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.066s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.947s	10	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.069s (+8.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.944s	10	1.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.319s (-1.8%)	2.424s (-2.1%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.356s (+24.2% 🔺)	2.493s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.138s	10	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.367s (+13.8% 🔺)	2.504s (-0.7%)	2.137s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.082s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.083s (+0.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.083s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.091s (-0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.919s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.093s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.917s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.096s (+0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.914s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.435s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.989s (-40.9% 🟢)	1.554s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s (+2.8%)	3.411s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.947s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.500s (+5.8% 🔺)	3.089s (-3.2%)	1.589s	10	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	10.448s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.574s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.457s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.566s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.492s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.532s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.494s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.522s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.503s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.520s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.525s (+0.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.493s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.826s (+1.5%)	14.152s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.327s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.661s (+6.6% 🔺)	15.390s (+10.4% 🔺)	2.729s	2	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.089s (+19.8% 🔺)	16.219s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.129s	2	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.580s (~)	14.029s (~)	0.449s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.614s (~)	14.026s (~)	0.413s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.618s (-0.8%)	14.027s (-1.4%)	0.409s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.629s (-1.0%)	14.022s (~)	0.393s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.743s (+0.5%)	14.020s (~)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.792s (+1.3%)	14.020s (~)	0.228s	5	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	17.973s (-0.6%)	20.146s (~)	2.173s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.016s (-15.7% 🟢)	20.077s (-16.2% 🟢)	2.060s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.445s (+4.3%)	20.093s (+3.9%)	1.648s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.156s (-1.8%)	13.025s (~)	0.870s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.187s (+0.9%)	13.019s (+1.1%)	0.833s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.242s (~)	13.025s (~)	0.783s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.294s (+1.1%)	13.020s (~)	0.726s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.311s (+2.2%)	13.024s (+2.0%)	0.713s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.334s (+0.8%)	13.017s (~)	0.683s	7	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	22.924s (+2.6%)	25.381s (+3.8%)	2.457s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.508s (-27.5% 🟢)	26.925s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.417s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	25.244s (-1.3%)	27.703s (-0.9%)	2.459s	4	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s (-0.8%)	2.007s (~)	0.835s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.195s (+1.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.814s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.389s (-2.0%)	2.006s (~)	0.617s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.586s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.422s (+3.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.584s	15	1.21x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.601s (+14.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+7.0% 🔺)	1.691s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.649s (-55.1% 🟢)	4.487s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.838s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.872s (+17.3% 🔺)	4.540s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.667s	7	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.314s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.508s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.195s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.314s (-1.1%)	3.110s (+3.4%)	1.795s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.340s (-2.1%)	2.676s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.336s	12	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.456s (-6.4% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.553s	10	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	2.477s (+1.9%)	2.917s (-3.0%)	0.441s	11	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.619s (-2.9%)	3.008s (-3.2%)	0.389s	10	1.99x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.087s (-60.4% 🟢)	5.182s (-52.1% 🟢)	2.096s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.264s (+1.0%)	5.465s (+20.2% 🔺)	2.201s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.354s (-66.8% 🟢)	5.736s (-52.6% 🟢)	2.382s	6	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.610s (+1.7%)	4.298s (+3.9%)	2.688s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.621s (~)	4.138s (~)	2.517s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.005s (+19.0% 🔺)	5.680s (+3.0%)	2.676s	6	1.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.452s (-18.6% 🟢)	5.179s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.727s	6	2.77x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.206s (+1.2%)	6.614s (~)	0.408s	5	3.86x
💻 Local	Express	6.896s (+12.8% 🔺)	7.517s (+13.6% 🔺)	0.621s	4	4.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.368s (-15.0% 🟢)	6.502s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.134s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.513s (+1.3%)	6.988s (+12.2% 🔺)	2.475s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.691s (-43.8% 🟢)	6.519s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.829s	5	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.190s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.818s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.200s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.808s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.203s (+3.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.804s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+2.1%)	2.007s (~)	0.594s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.462s (+3.7%)	2.007s (~)	0.545s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.502s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.073s (+3.3%)	0.571s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.355s (-32.2% 🟢)	4.195s (-20.6% 🟢)	1.840s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.563s (-4.3%)	4.356s (-3.1%)	1.793s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.638s (-74.1% 🟢)	4.432s (-62.8% 🟢)	1.794s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.310s (+1.0%)	3.010s (+3.1%)	1.700s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.314s (-0.9%)	2.508s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.194s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.365s (+4.2%)	2.593s (-3.1%)	1.228s	12	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.339s (-5.5% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.79x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.443s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.827s (-6.0% 🟢)	0.384s	11	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.527s (-0.8%)	3.342s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.816s	9	1.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.131s (-69.0% 🟢)	6.451s (-59.5% 🟢)	2.320s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.238s (-77.2% 🟢)	6.239s (-69.2% 🟢)	2.001s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.400s (-79.8% 🟢)	6.434s (-73.2% 🟢)	2.034s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.620s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.011s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.392s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.629s (-0.7%)	4.137s (+3.1%)	2.508s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.053s (-3.4%)	6.014s (+5.9% 🔺)	2.961s	5	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.748s (+9.4% 🔺)	6.216s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.468s	5	3.55x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.489s (-6.2% 🟢)	7.219s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.730s	5	4.01x
💻 Local	Express	6.713s (+5.4% 🔺)	7.517s (+4.1%)	0.804s	4	4.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.594s (-70.6% 🟢)	6.880s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.286s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.081s (-69.2% 🟢)	9.239s (-56.6% 🟢)	3.158s	4	1.32x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.625s (-63.0% 🟢)	8.895s (-55.1% 🟢)	2.270s	4	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.535s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.471s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.539s (-1.5%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.467s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.457s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.568s (-3.4%)	1.005s (~)	0.437s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s (-2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.425s	60	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	0.582s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.423s	60	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.508s (+64.0% 🔺)	6.795s (+58.4% 🔺)	2.287s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.865s (-3.1%)	6.849s (-1.7%)	1.984s	9	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.425s (+92.9% 🔺)	7.449s (+63.6% 🔺)	2.024s	9	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.300s (+1.2%)	2.029s (+1.1%)	0.729s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.306s (+1.3%)	2.008s (~)	0.702s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.347s (+4.9%)	2.030s (~)	0.683s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.424s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.581s	45	1.10x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.455s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.551s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.458s (-0.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.548s	45	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	8.628s (+1.6%)	10.588s (+2.3%)	1.960s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.711s (-27.0% 🟢)	10.704s (-24.0% 🟢)	1.993s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.981s (+0.8%)	11.015s (+0.8%)	2.033s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.588s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.111s (+1.7%)	0.523s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+2.5%)	3.009s (-0.8%)	0.410s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.703s (+4.0%)	3.112s (+0.9%)	0.408s	39	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	3.110s (-0.5%)	3.790s (-1.6%)	0.680s	32	1.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.143s (-1.8%)	3.912s (-2.4%)	0.769s	31	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.223s (-3.3%)	3.977s (+0.8%)	0.754s	31	1.25x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.593s (+27.1% 🔺)	20.018s (+26.4% 🔺)	2.425s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.033s (+3.2%)	20.224s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.191s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.000s (-4.9%)	23.801s (-2.6%)	2.802s	6	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.169s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.838s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.216s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.218s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.790s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (+4.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.542s	60	2.74x
💻 Local	Express	0.464s (+7.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.540s	60	2.75x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.598s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.407s	60	3.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.373s (-32.3% 🟢)	3.069s (-13.7% 🟢)	1.696s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.404s (+19.0% 🔺)	3.139s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.735s	20	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.421s (-25.2% 🟢)	3.129s (-11.9% 🟢)	1.707s	20	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.274s (+2.6%)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.744s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.323s (+5.7% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.683s	90	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.332s (+0.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.674s	90	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	2.112s (+1.3%)	2.657s (~)	0.544s	34	7.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.142s (-0.6%)	2.736s (+1.8%)	0.594s	33	7.82x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.799s (+3.4%)	3.223s (-2.2%)	0.424s	28	10.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.109s (-24.8% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.6% 🟢)	2.078s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.193s (-26.2% 🟢)	3.989s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.796s	23	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.757s (-21.0% 🟢)	4.888s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.130s	19	1.31x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-1.7%)	3.009s (+1.6%)	2.528s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.509s (+1.6%)	1.014s (-1.7%)	0.505s	119	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.536s (+5.0% 🔺)	1.098s (+8.2% 🔺)	0.561s	110	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.645s (~)	10.694s (-2.2%)	1.049s	12	20.06x
💻 Local	Express	9.798s (+4.7%)	10.940s (+3.9%)	1.142s	11	20.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.394s (+2.8%)	11.576s (+3.3%)	1.182s	11	21.62x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.225s (-54.1% 🟢)	5.524s (-35.8% 🟢)	2.298s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.321s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.621s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.299s	22	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.038s (-23.0% 🟢)	7.534s (-10.9% 🟢)	2.496s	16	1.56x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.140s (~)	1.968s (~)	0.012s (+16.3% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.155s (~)	2.001s (~)	0.001s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.857s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.157s (-1.5%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-4.1%)	2.019s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.159s (~)	1.999s (~)	0.001s (~)	2.011s (~)	0.852s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.162s (+0.8%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+19.8% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.858s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (+1.2%)	1.998s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.847s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.429s (+12.8% 🔺)	3.836s (+14.9% 🔺)	4.129s (-4.0%)	8.586s (+4.2%)	6.157s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.508s (+26.5% 🔺)	3.521s (+13.4% 🔺)	3.973s (+85.0% 🔺)	8.111s (+41.7% 🔺)	5.603s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s (-10.3% 🟢)	4.254s (-2.4%)	3.496s (-18.8% 🟢)	8.400s (-10.6% 🟢)	5.589s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.541s (-0.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.011s (-4.8%)	2.024s (~)	0.483s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.552s (+1.9%)	2.010s (~)	0.013s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.474s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.565s (+0.6%)	1.971s (~)	0.013s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.027s (~)	0.462s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.570s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (~)	2.025s (~)	0.455s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.584s (+1.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.005s (-2.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.443s	30	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.597s (+4.0%)	2.005s (~)	0.005s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.427s	30	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	6.469s (+9.4% 🔺)	7.841s (+8.6% 🔺)	0.501s (+6.2% 🔺)	8.908s (+8.2% 🔺)	2.439s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.522s (-41.3% 🟢)	8.038s (-37.2% 🟢)	0.316s (+31.3% 🔺)	8.994s (-33.6% 🟢)	2.473s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.754s (+17.5% 🔺)	8.279s (+21.0% 🔺)	0.322s (+45.0% 🔺)	9.138s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.384s	7	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.793s (~)	1.009s (-3.5%)	0.000s (NaN%)	1.060s (~)	0.267s	57	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.807s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.084s (+1.7%)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.115s (+3.1%)	0.308s	54	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.966s (-0.8%)	1.396s (+2.4%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	1.403s (+2.3%)	0.437s	43	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.253s (-3.4%)	1.949s (-3.2%)	0.000s (+93.5% 🔺)	1.951s (-3.2%)	0.698s	31	1.58x
💻 Local	Express	1.275s (+2.6%)	1.982s (~)	0.000s (+100.0% 🔺)	1.985s (~)	0.710s	31	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.324s (-4.2%)	1.980s (~)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.692s	30	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.503s (+45.5% 🔺)	5.967s (+36.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.672s (+33.8% 🔺)	2.170s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.505s (-2.0%)	5.718s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-55.0% 🟢)	6.485s (-4.5%)	1.980s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.783s (+16.6% 🔺)	6.186s (+20.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.779s (+20.9% 🔺)	1.996s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.711s (+1.1%)	2.256s (+1.9%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.269s (+1.6%)	0.559s	27	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.780s (+1.7%)	2.417s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.448s (+5.5% 🔺)	0.668s	26	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.623s (+12.4% 🔺)	3.215s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	3.222s (+10.6% 🔺)	0.600s	19	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	3.428s (+4.3%)	4.094s (+3.3%)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	4.097s (+3.2%)	0.669s	15	2.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.477s (+0.5%)	3.990s (~)	0.000s (-50.0% 🟢)	4.033s (~)	0.556s	15	2.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.496s (-7.2% 🟢)	4.023s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.002s (+246.7% 🔺)	4.034s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.537s	15	2.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.524s (-38.3% 🟢)	7.044s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.002s (+1025.0% 🔺)	7.644s (-31.2% 🟢)	2.120s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.626s	6.882s	0.000s	7.628s	2.002s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.717s (-19.6% 🟢)	7.314s (-11.9% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.833s (-11.9% 🟢)	2.116s	8	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	9/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Platformatic: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2578. Merge conflicts were resolved by AI — please review carefully. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• discover workflows imported from exact Next.js instrumentation, middleware, and proxy entrypoints at the project root or under src
• honor configured pageExtensions when identifying those root entrypoints
• keep the existing App Router and Pages Router entrypoint filtering
• scan the project once so root entrypoints are available to the filter

Replaces #1846.
Fixes#1845.

Testing

• pnpm --filter @workflow/next... build
• vitest run packages/next/src/index.test.ts
• tsc -p packages/next/tsconfig.json

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f6ce39f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/next	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 📦 Local Production	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1593	0	231	1824
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	7282	0	1078	8360

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.047s (-2.7%)	1.006s (-0.7%)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.047s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.050s (+0.6%)	1.006s (~)	0.956s	10	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s (+0.7%)	1.012s (~)	0.953s	10	1.26x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.066s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.947s	10	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.069s (+8.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.944s	10	1.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.319s (-1.8%)	2.424s (-2.1%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.356s (+24.2% 🔺)	2.493s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.138s	10	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.367s (+13.8% 🔺)	2.504s (-0.7%)	2.137s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.082s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.083s (+0.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.083s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.091s (-0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.919s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.093s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.917s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.096s (+0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.914s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.435s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.989s (-40.9% 🟢)	1.554s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s (+2.8%)	3.411s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.947s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.500s (+5.8% 🔺)	3.089s (-3.2%)	1.589s	10	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	10.448s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.574s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.457s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.566s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.492s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.532s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.494s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.522s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.503s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.520s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.525s (+0.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.493s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.826s (+1.5%)	14.152s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.327s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.661s (+6.6% 🔺)	15.390s (+10.4% 🔺)	2.729s	2	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.089s (+19.8% 🔺)	16.219s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.129s	2	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.580s (~)	14.029s (~)	0.449s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.614s (~)	14.026s (~)	0.413s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.618s (-0.8%)	14.027s (-1.4%)	0.409s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.629s (-1.0%)	14.022s (~)	0.393s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.743s (+0.5%)	14.020s (~)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.792s (+1.3%)	14.020s (~)	0.228s	5	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	17.973s (-0.6%)	20.146s (~)	2.173s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.016s (-15.7% 🟢)	20.077s (-16.2% 🟢)	2.060s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.445s (+4.3%)	20.093s (+3.9%)	1.648s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.156s (-1.8%)	13.025s (~)	0.870s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.187s (+0.9%)	13.019s (+1.1%)	0.833s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.242s (~)	13.025s (~)	0.783s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.294s (+1.1%)	13.020s (~)	0.726s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.311s (+2.2%)	13.024s (+2.0%)	0.713s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.334s (+0.8%)	13.017s (~)	0.683s	7	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	22.924s (+2.6%)	25.381s (+3.8%)	2.457s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.508s (-27.5% 🟢)	26.925s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.417s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	25.244s (-1.3%)	27.703s (-0.9%)	2.459s	4	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s (-0.8%)	2.007s (~)	0.835s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.195s (+1.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.814s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.389s (-2.0%)	2.006s (~)	0.617s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.586s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.422s (+3.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.584s	15	1.21x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.601s (+14.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+7.0% 🔺)	1.691s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.649s (-55.1% 🟢)	4.487s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.838s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.872s (+17.3% 🔺)	4.540s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.667s	7	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.314s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.508s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.195s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.314s (-1.1%)	3.110s (+3.4%)	1.795s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.340s (-2.1%)	2.676s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.336s	12	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.456s (-6.4% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.553s	10	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	2.477s (+1.9%)	2.917s (-3.0%)	0.441s	11	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.619s (-2.9%)	3.008s (-3.2%)	0.389s	10	1.99x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.087s (-60.4% 🟢)	5.182s (-52.1% 🟢)	2.096s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.264s (+1.0%)	5.465s (+20.2% 🔺)	2.201s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.354s (-66.8% 🟢)	5.736s (-52.6% 🟢)	2.382s	6	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.610s (+1.7%)	4.298s (+3.9%)	2.688s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.621s (~)	4.138s (~)	2.517s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.005s (+19.0% 🔺)	5.680s (+3.0%)	2.676s	6	1.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.452s (-18.6% 🟢)	5.179s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.727s	6	2.77x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.206s (+1.2%)	6.614s (~)	0.408s	5	3.86x
💻 Local	Express	6.896s (+12.8% 🔺)	7.517s (+13.6% 🔺)	0.621s	4	4.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.368s (-15.0% 🟢)	6.502s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.134s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.513s (+1.3%)	6.988s (+12.2% 🔺)	2.475s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.691s (-43.8% 🟢)	6.519s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.829s	5	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.190s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.818s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.200s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.808s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.203s (+3.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.804s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+2.1%)	2.007s (~)	0.594s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.462s (+3.7%)	2.007s (~)	0.545s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.502s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.073s (+3.3%)	0.571s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.355s (-32.2% 🟢)	4.195s (-20.6% 🟢)	1.840s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.563s (-4.3%)	4.356s (-3.1%)	1.793s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.638s (-74.1% 🟢)	4.432s (-62.8% 🟢)	1.794s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.310s (+1.0%)	3.010s (+3.1%)	1.700s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.314s (-0.9%)	2.508s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.194s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.365s (+4.2%)	2.593s (-3.1%)	1.228s	12	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.339s (-5.5% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.79x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.443s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.827s (-6.0% 🟢)	0.384s	11	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.527s (-0.8%)	3.342s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.816s	9	1.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.131s (-69.0% 🟢)	6.451s (-59.5% 🟢)	2.320s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.238s (-77.2% 🟢)	6.239s (-69.2% 🟢)	2.001s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.400s (-79.8% 🟢)	6.434s (-73.2% 🟢)	2.034s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.620s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.011s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.392s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.629s (-0.7%)	4.137s (+3.1%)	2.508s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.053s (-3.4%)	6.014s (+5.9% 🔺)	2.961s	5	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.748s (+9.4% 🔺)	6.216s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.468s	5	3.55x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.489s (-6.2% 🟢)	7.219s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.730s	5	4.01x
💻 Local	Express	6.713s (+5.4% 🔺)	7.517s (+4.1%)	0.804s	4	4.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.594s (-70.6% 🟢)	6.880s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.286s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.081s (-69.2% 🟢)	9.239s (-56.6% 🟢)	3.158s	4	1.32x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.625s (-63.0% 🟢)	8.895s (-55.1% 🟢)	2.270s	4	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.535s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.471s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.539s (-1.5%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.467s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.457s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.568s (-3.4%)	1.005s (~)	0.437s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s (-2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.425s	60	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	0.582s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.423s	60	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.508s (+64.0% 🔺)	6.795s (+58.4% 🔺)	2.287s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.865s (-3.1%)	6.849s (-1.7%)	1.984s	9	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.425s (+92.9% 🔺)	7.449s (+63.6% 🔺)	2.024s	9	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.300s (+1.2%)	2.029s (+1.1%)	0.729s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.306s (+1.3%)	2.008s (~)	0.702s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.347s (+4.9%)	2.030s (~)	0.683s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.424s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.581s	45	1.10x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.455s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.551s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.458s (-0.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.548s	45	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	8.628s (+1.6%)	10.588s (+2.3%)	1.960s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.711s (-27.0% 🟢)	10.704s (-24.0% 🟢)	1.993s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.981s (+0.8%)	11.015s (+0.8%)	2.033s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.588s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.111s (+1.7%)	0.523s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+2.5%)	3.009s (-0.8%)	0.410s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.703s (+4.0%)	3.112s (+0.9%)	0.408s	39	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	3.110s (-0.5%)	3.790s (-1.6%)	0.680s	32	1.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.143s (-1.8%)	3.912s (-2.4%)	0.769s	31	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.223s (-3.3%)	3.977s (+0.8%)	0.754s	31	1.25x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.593s (+27.1% 🔺)	20.018s (+26.4% 🔺)	2.425s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.033s (+3.2%)	20.224s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.191s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.000s (-4.9%)	23.801s (-2.6%)	2.802s	6	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.169s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.838s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.216s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.218s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.790s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (+4.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.542s	60	2.74x
💻 Local	Express	0.464s (+7.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.540s	60	2.75x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.598s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.407s	60	3.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.373s (-32.3% 🟢)	3.069s (-13.7% 🟢)	1.696s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.404s (+19.0% 🔺)	3.139s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.735s	20	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.421s (-25.2% 🟢)	3.129s (-11.9% 🟢)	1.707s	20	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.274s (+2.6%)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.744s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.323s (+5.7% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.683s	90	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.332s (+0.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.674s	90	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	2.112s (+1.3%)	2.657s (~)	0.544s	34	7.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.142s (-0.6%)	2.736s (+1.8%)	0.594s	33	7.82x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.799s (+3.4%)	3.223s (-2.2%)	0.424s	28	10.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.109s (-24.8% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.6% 🟢)	2.078s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.193s (-26.2% 🟢)	3.989s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.796s	23	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.757s (-21.0% 🟢)	4.888s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.130s	19	1.31x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-1.7%)	3.009s (+1.6%)	2.528s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.509s (+1.6%)	1.014s (-1.7%)	0.505s	119	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.536s (+5.0% 🔺)	1.098s (+8.2% 🔺)	0.561s	110	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.645s (~)	10.694s (-2.2%)	1.049s	12	20.06x
💻 Local	Express	9.798s (+4.7%)	10.940s (+3.9%)	1.142s	11	20.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.394s (+2.8%)	11.576s (+3.3%)	1.182s	11	21.62x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.225s (-54.1% 🟢)	5.524s (-35.8% 🟢)	2.298s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.321s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.621s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.299s	22	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.038s (-23.0% 🟢)	7.534s (-10.9% 🟢)	2.496s	16	1.56x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.140s (~)	1.968s (~)	0.012s (+16.3% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.155s (~)	2.001s (~)	0.001s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.857s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.157s (-1.5%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-4.1%)	2.019s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.159s (~)	1.999s (~)	0.001s (~)	2.011s (~)	0.852s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.162s (+0.8%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+19.8% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.858s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (+1.2%)	1.998s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.847s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.429s (+12.8% 🔺)	3.836s (+14.9% 🔺)	4.129s (-4.0%)	8.586s (+4.2%)	6.157s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.508s (+26.5% 🔺)	3.521s (+13.4% 🔺)	3.973s (+85.0% 🔺)	8.111s (+41.7% 🔺)	5.603s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s (-10.3% 🟢)	4.254s (-2.4%)	3.496s (-18.8% 🟢)	8.400s (-10.6% 🟢)	5.589s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.541s (-0.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.011s (-4.8%)	2.024s (~)	0.483s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.552s (+1.9%)	2.010s (~)	0.013s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.474s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.565s (+0.6%)	1.971s (~)	0.013s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.027s (~)	0.462s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.570s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (~)	2.025s (~)	0.455s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.584s (+1.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.005s (-2.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.443s	30	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.597s (+4.0%)	2.005s (~)	0.005s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.427s	30	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	6.469s (+9.4% 🔺)	7.841s (+8.6% 🔺)	0.501s (+6.2% 🔺)	8.908s (+8.2% 🔺)	2.439s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.522s (-41.3% 🟢)	8.038s (-37.2% 🟢)	0.316s (+31.3% 🔺)	8.994s (-33.6% 🟢)	2.473s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.754s (+17.5% 🔺)	8.279s (+21.0% 🔺)	0.322s (+45.0% 🔺)	9.138s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.384s	7	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.793s (~)	1.009s (-3.5%)	0.000s (NaN%)	1.060s (~)	0.267s	57	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.807s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.084s (+1.7%)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.115s (+3.1%)	0.308s	54	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.966s (-0.8%)	1.396s (+2.4%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	1.403s (+2.3%)	0.437s	43	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.253s (-3.4%)	1.949s (-3.2%)	0.000s (+93.5% 🔺)	1.951s (-3.2%)	0.698s	31	1.58x
💻 Local	Express	1.275s (+2.6%)	1.982s (~)	0.000s (+100.0% 🔺)	1.985s (~)	0.710s	31	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.324s (-4.2%)	1.980s (~)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.692s	30	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.503s (+45.5% 🔺)	5.967s (+36.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.672s (+33.8% 🔺)	2.170s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.505s (-2.0%)	5.718s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-55.0% 🟢)	6.485s (-4.5%)	1.980s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.783s (+16.6% 🔺)	6.186s (+20.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.779s (+20.9% 🔺)	1.996s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.711s (+1.1%)	2.256s (+1.9%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.269s (+1.6%)	0.559s	27	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.780s (+1.7%)	2.417s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.448s (+5.5% 🔺)	0.668s	26	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.623s (+12.4% 🔺)	3.215s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	3.222s (+10.6% 🔺)	0.600s	19	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	3.428s (+4.3%)	4.094s (+3.3%)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	4.097s (+3.2%)	0.669s	15	2.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.477s (+0.5%)	3.990s (~)	0.000s (-50.0% 🟢)	4.033s (~)	0.556s	15	2.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.496s (-7.2% 🟢)	4.023s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.002s (+246.7% 🔺)	4.034s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.537s	15	2.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.524s (-38.3% 🟢)	7.044s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.002s (+1025.0% 🔺)	7.644s (-31.2% 🟢)	2.120s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.626s	6.882s	0.000s	7.628s	2.002s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.717s (-19.6% 🟢)	7.314s (-11.9% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.833s (-11.9% 🟢)	2.116s	8	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	9/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Platformatic: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2578. Merge conflicts were resolved by AI — please review carefully. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• discover workflows imported from exact Next.js instrumentation, middleware, and proxy entrypoints at the project root or under src
• honor configured pageExtensions when identifying those root entrypoints
• keep the existing App Router and Pages Router entrypoint filtering
• scan the project once so root entrypoints are available to the filter

Replaces #1846.
Fixes#1845.

Testing

• pnpm --filter @workflow/next... build
• vitest run packages/next/src/index.test.ts
• tsc -p packages/next/tsconfig.json

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f6ce39f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/next	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 📦 Local Production	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1593	0	231	1824
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	7282	0	1078	8360

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.047s (-2.7%)	1.006s (-0.7%)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.047s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.050s (+0.6%)	1.006s (~)	0.956s	10	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s (+0.7%)	1.012s (~)	0.953s	10	1.26x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.066s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.947s	10	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.069s (+8.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.944s	10	1.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.319s (-1.8%)	2.424s (-2.1%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.356s (+24.2% 🔺)	2.493s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.138s	10	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.367s (+13.8% 🔺)	2.504s (-0.7%)	2.137s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.082s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.083s (+0.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.083s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.091s (-0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.919s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.093s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.917s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.096s (+0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.914s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.435s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.989s (-40.9% 🟢)	1.554s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s (+2.8%)	3.411s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.947s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.500s (+5.8% 🔺)	3.089s (-3.2%)	1.589s	10	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	10.448s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.574s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.457s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.566s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.492s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.532s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.494s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.522s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.503s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.520s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.525s (+0.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.493s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.826s (+1.5%)	14.152s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.327s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.661s (+6.6% 🔺)	15.390s (+10.4% 🔺)	2.729s	2	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.089s (+19.8% 🔺)	16.219s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.129s	2	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.580s (~)	14.029s (~)	0.449s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.614s (~)	14.026s (~)	0.413s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.618s (-0.8%)	14.027s (-1.4%)	0.409s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.629s (-1.0%)	14.022s (~)	0.393s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.743s (+0.5%)	14.020s (~)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.792s (+1.3%)	14.020s (~)	0.228s	5	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	17.973s (-0.6%)	20.146s (~)	2.173s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.016s (-15.7% 🟢)	20.077s (-16.2% 🟢)	2.060s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.445s (+4.3%)	20.093s (+3.9%)	1.648s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.156s (-1.8%)	13.025s (~)	0.870s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.187s (+0.9%)	13.019s (+1.1%)	0.833s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.242s (~)	13.025s (~)	0.783s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.294s (+1.1%)	13.020s (~)	0.726s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.311s (+2.2%)	13.024s (+2.0%)	0.713s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.334s (+0.8%)	13.017s (~)	0.683s	7	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	22.924s (+2.6%)	25.381s (+3.8%)	2.457s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.508s (-27.5% 🟢)	26.925s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.417s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	25.244s (-1.3%)	27.703s (-0.9%)	2.459s	4	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s (-0.8%)	2.007s (~)	0.835s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.195s (+1.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.814s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.389s (-2.0%)	2.006s (~)	0.617s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.586s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.422s (+3.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.584s	15	1.21x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.601s (+14.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+7.0% 🔺)	1.691s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.649s (-55.1% 🟢)	4.487s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.838s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.872s (+17.3% 🔺)	4.540s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.667s	7	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.314s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.508s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.195s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.314s (-1.1%)	3.110s (+3.4%)	1.795s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.340s (-2.1%)	2.676s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.336s	12	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.456s (-6.4% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.553s	10	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	2.477s (+1.9%)	2.917s (-3.0%)	0.441s	11	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.619s (-2.9%)	3.008s (-3.2%)	0.389s	10	1.99x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.087s (-60.4% 🟢)	5.182s (-52.1% 🟢)	2.096s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.264s (+1.0%)	5.465s (+20.2% 🔺)	2.201s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.354s (-66.8% 🟢)	5.736s (-52.6% 🟢)	2.382s	6	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.610s (+1.7%)	4.298s (+3.9%)	2.688s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.621s (~)	4.138s (~)	2.517s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.005s (+19.0% 🔺)	5.680s (+3.0%)	2.676s	6	1.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.452s (-18.6% 🟢)	5.179s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.727s	6	2.77x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.206s (+1.2%)	6.614s (~)	0.408s	5	3.86x
💻 Local	Express	6.896s (+12.8% 🔺)	7.517s (+13.6% 🔺)	0.621s	4	4.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.368s (-15.0% 🟢)	6.502s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.134s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.513s (+1.3%)	6.988s (+12.2% 🔺)	2.475s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.691s (-43.8% 🟢)	6.519s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.829s	5	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.190s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.818s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.200s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.808s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.203s (+3.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.804s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+2.1%)	2.007s (~)	0.594s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.462s (+3.7%)	2.007s (~)	0.545s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.502s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.073s (+3.3%)	0.571s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.355s (-32.2% 🟢)	4.195s (-20.6% 🟢)	1.840s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.563s (-4.3%)	4.356s (-3.1%)	1.793s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.638s (-74.1% 🟢)	4.432s (-62.8% 🟢)	1.794s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.310s (+1.0%)	3.010s (+3.1%)	1.700s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.314s (-0.9%)	2.508s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.194s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.365s (+4.2%)	2.593s (-3.1%)	1.228s	12	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.339s (-5.5% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.79x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.443s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.827s (-6.0% 🟢)	0.384s	11	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.527s (-0.8%)	3.342s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.816s	9	1.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.131s (-69.0% 🟢)	6.451s (-59.5% 🟢)	2.320s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.238s (-77.2% 🟢)	6.239s (-69.2% 🟢)	2.001s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.400s (-79.8% 🟢)	6.434s (-73.2% 🟢)	2.034s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.620s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.011s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.392s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.629s (-0.7%)	4.137s (+3.1%)	2.508s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.053s (-3.4%)	6.014s (+5.9% 🔺)	2.961s	5	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.748s (+9.4% 🔺)	6.216s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.468s	5	3.55x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.489s (-6.2% 🟢)	7.219s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.730s	5	4.01x
💻 Local	Express	6.713s (+5.4% 🔺)	7.517s (+4.1%)	0.804s	4	4.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.594s (-70.6% 🟢)	6.880s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.286s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.081s (-69.2% 🟢)	9.239s (-56.6% 🟢)	3.158s	4	1.32x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.625s (-63.0% 🟢)	8.895s (-55.1% 🟢)	2.270s	4	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.535s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.471s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.539s (-1.5%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.467s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.457s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.568s (-3.4%)	1.005s (~)	0.437s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s (-2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.425s	60	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	0.582s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.423s	60	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.508s (+64.0% 🔺)	6.795s (+58.4% 🔺)	2.287s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.865s (-3.1%)	6.849s (-1.7%)	1.984s	9	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.425s (+92.9% 🔺)	7.449s (+63.6% 🔺)	2.024s	9	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.300s (+1.2%)	2.029s (+1.1%)	0.729s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.306s (+1.3%)	2.008s (~)	0.702s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.347s (+4.9%)	2.030s (~)	0.683s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.424s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.581s	45	1.10x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.455s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.551s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.458s (-0.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.548s	45	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	8.628s (+1.6%)	10.588s (+2.3%)	1.960s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.711s (-27.0% 🟢)	10.704s (-24.0% 🟢)	1.993s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.981s (+0.8%)	11.015s (+0.8%)	2.033s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.588s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.111s (+1.7%)	0.523s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+2.5%)	3.009s (-0.8%)	0.410s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.703s (+4.0%)	3.112s (+0.9%)	0.408s	39	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	3.110s (-0.5%)	3.790s (-1.6%)	0.680s	32	1.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.143s (-1.8%)	3.912s (-2.4%)	0.769s	31	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.223s (-3.3%)	3.977s (+0.8%)	0.754s	31	1.25x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.593s (+27.1% 🔺)	20.018s (+26.4% 🔺)	2.425s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.033s (+3.2%)	20.224s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.191s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.000s (-4.9%)	23.801s (-2.6%)	2.802s	6	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.169s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.838s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.216s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.218s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.790s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (+4.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.542s	60	2.74x
💻 Local	Express	0.464s (+7.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.540s	60	2.75x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.598s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.407s	60	3.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.373s (-32.3% 🟢)	3.069s (-13.7% 🟢)	1.696s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.404s (+19.0% 🔺)	3.139s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.735s	20	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.421s (-25.2% 🟢)	3.129s (-11.9% 🟢)	1.707s	20	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.274s (+2.6%)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.744s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.323s (+5.7% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.683s	90	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.332s (+0.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.674s	90	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	2.112s (+1.3%)	2.657s (~)	0.544s	34	7.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.142s (-0.6%)	2.736s (+1.8%)	0.594s	33	7.82x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.799s (+3.4%)	3.223s (-2.2%)	0.424s	28	10.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.109s (-24.8% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.6% 🟢)	2.078s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.193s (-26.2% 🟢)	3.989s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.796s	23	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.757s (-21.0% 🟢)	4.888s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.130s	19	1.31x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-1.7%)	3.009s (+1.6%)	2.528s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.509s (+1.6%)	1.014s (-1.7%)	0.505s	119	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.536s (+5.0% 🔺)	1.098s (+8.2% 🔺)	0.561s	110	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.645s (~)	10.694s (-2.2%)	1.049s	12	20.06x
💻 Local	Express	9.798s (+4.7%)	10.940s (+3.9%)	1.142s	11	20.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.394s (+2.8%)	11.576s (+3.3%)	1.182s	11	21.62x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.225s (-54.1% 🟢)	5.524s (-35.8% 🟢)	2.298s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.321s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.621s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.299s	22	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.038s (-23.0% 🟢)	7.534s (-10.9% 🟢)	2.496s	16	1.56x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.140s (~)	1.968s (~)	0.012s (+16.3% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.155s (~)	2.001s (~)	0.001s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.857s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.157s (-1.5%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-4.1%)	2.019s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.159s (~)	1.999s (~)	0.001s (~)	2.011s (~)	0.852s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.162s (+0.8%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+19.8% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.858s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (+1.2%)	1.998s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.847s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.429s (+12.8% 🔺)	3.836s (+14.9% 🔺)	4.129s (-4.0%)	8.586s (+4.2%)	6.157s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.508s (+26.5% 🔺)	3.521s (+13.4% 🔺)	3.973s (+85.0% 🔺)	8.111s (+41.7% 🔺)	5.603s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s (-10.3% 🟢)	4.254s (-2.4%)	3.496s (-18.8% 🟢)	8.400s (-10.6% 🟢)	5.589s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.541s (-0.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.011s (-4.8%)	2.024s (~)	0.483s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.552s (+1.9%)	2.010s (~)	0.013s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.474s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.565s (+0.6%)	1.971s (~)	0.013s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.027s (~)	0.462s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.570s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (~)	2.025s (~)	0.455s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.584s (+1.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.005s (-2.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.443s	30	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.597s (+4.0%)	2.005s (~)	0.005s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.427s	30	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	6.469s (+9.4% 🔺)	7.841s (+8.6% 🔺)	0.501s (+6.2% 🔺)	8.908s (+8.2% 🔺)	2.439s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.522s (-41.3% 🟢)	8.038s (-37.2% 🟢)	0.316s (+31.3% 🔺)	8.994s (-33.6% 🟢)	2.473s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.754s (+17.5% 🔺)	8.279s (+21.0% 🔺)	0.322s (+45.0% 🔺)	9.138s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.384s	7	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.793s (~)	1.009s (-3.5%)	0.000s (NaN%)	1.060s (~)	0.267s	57	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.807s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.084s (+1.7%)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.115s (+3.1%)	0.308s	54	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.966s (-0.8%)	1.396s (+2.4%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	1.403s (+2.3%)	0.437s	43	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.253s (-3.4%)	1.949s (-3.2%)	0.000s (+93.5% 🔺)	1.951s (-3.2%)	0.698s	31	1.58x
💻 Local	Express	1.275s (+2.6%)	1.982s (~)	0.000s (+100.0% 🔺)	1.985s (~)	0.710s	31	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.324s (-4.2%)	1.980s (~)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.692s	30	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.503s (+45.5% 🔺)	5.967s (+36.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.672s (+33.8% 🔺)	2.170s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.505s (-2.0%)	5.718s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-55.0% 🟢)	6.485s (-4.5%)	1.980s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.783s (+16.6% 🔺)	6.186s (+20.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.779s (+20.9% 🔺)	1.996s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.711s (+1.1%)	2.256s (+1.9%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.269s (+1.6%)	0.559s	27	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.780s (+1.7%)	2.417s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.448s (+5.5% 🔺)	0.668s	26	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.623s (+12.4% 🔺)	3.215s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	3.222s (+10.6% 🔺)	0.600s	19	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	3.428s (+4.3%)	4.094s (+3.3%)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	4.097s (+3.2%)	0.669s	15	2.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.477s (+0.5%)	3.990s (~)	0.000s (-50.0% 🟢)	4.033s (~)	0.556s	15	2.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.496s (-7.2% 🟢)	4.023s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.002s (+246.7% 🔺)	4.034s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.537s	15	2.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.524s (-38.3% 🟢)	7.044s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.002s (+1025.0% 🔺)	7.644s (-31.2% 🟢)	2.120s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.626s	6.882s	0.000s	7.628s	2.002s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.717s (-19.6% 🟢)	7.314s (-11.9% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.833s (-11.9% 🟢)	2.116s	8	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	9/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Platformatic: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2578. Merge conflicts were resolved by AI — please review carefully. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• discover workflows imported from exact Next.js instrumentation, middleware, and proxy entrypoints at the project root or under src
• honor configured pageExtensions when identifying those root entrypoints
• keep the existing App Router and Pages Router entrypoint filtering
• scan the project once so root entrypoints are available to the filter

Replaces #1846.
Fixes#1845.

Testing

• pnpm --filter @workflow/next... build
• vitest run packages/next/src/index.test.ts
• tsc -p packages/next/tsconfig.json

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f6ce39f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/next	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 📦 Local Production	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1593	0	231	1824
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	7282	0	1078	8360

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.047s (-2.7%)	1.006s (-0.7%)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.047s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.050s (+0.6%)	1.006s (~)	0.956s	10	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s (+0.7%)	1.012s (~)	0.953s	10	1.26x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.066s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.947s	10	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.069s (+8.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.944s	10	1.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.319s (-1.8%)	2.424s (-2.1%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.356s (+24.2% 🔺)	2.493s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.138s	10	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.367s (+13.8% 🔺)	2.504s (-0.7%)	2.137s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.082s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.083s (+0.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.083s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.091s (-0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.919s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.093s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.917s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.096s (+0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.914s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.435s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.989s (-40.9% 🟢)	1.554s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s (+2.8%)	3.411s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.947s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.500s (+5.8% 🔺)	3.089s (-3.2%)	1.589s	10	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	10.448s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.574s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.457s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.566s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.492s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.532s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.494s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.522s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.503s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.520s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.525s (+0.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.493s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.826s (+1.5%)	14.152s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.327s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.661s (+6.6% 🔺)	15.390s (+10.4% 🔺)	2.729s	2	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.089s (+19.8% 🔺)	16.219s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.129s	2	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.580s (~)	14.029s (~)	0.449s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.614s (~)	14.026s (~)	0.413s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.618s (-0.8%)	14.027s (-1.4%)	0.409s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.629s (-1.0%)	14.022s (~)	0.393s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.743s (+0.5%)	14.020s (~)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.792s (+1.3%)	14.020s (~)	0.228s	5	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	17.973s (-0.6%)	20.146s (~)	2.173s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.016s (-15.7% 🟢)	20.077s (-16.2% 🟢)	2.060s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.445s (+4.3%)	20.093s (+3.9%)	1.648s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.156s (-1.8%)	13.025s (~)	0.870s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.187s (+0.9%)	13.019s (+1.1%)	0.833s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.242s (~)	13.025s (~)	0.783s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.294s (+1.1%)	13.020s (~)	0.726s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.311s (+2.2%)	13.024s (+2.0%)	0.713s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.334s (+0.8%)	13.017s (~)	0.683s	7	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	22.924s (+2.6%)	25.381s (+3.8%)	2.457s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.508s (-27.5% 🟢)	26.925s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.417s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	25.244s (-1.3%)	27.703s (-0.9%)	2.459s	4	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s (-0.8%)	2.007s (~)	0.835s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.195s (+1.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.814s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.389s (-2.0%)	2.006s (~)	0.617s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.586s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.422s (+3.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.584s	15	1.21x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.601s (+14.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+7.0% 🔺)	1.691s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.649s (-55.1% 🟢)	4.487s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.838s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.872s (+17.3% 🔺)	4.540s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.667s	7	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.314s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.508s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.195s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.314s (-1.1%)	3.110s (+3.4%)	1.795s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.340s (-2.1%)	2.676s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.336s	12	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.456s (-6.4% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.553s	10	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	2.477s (+1.9%)	2.917s (-3.0%)	0.441s	11	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.619s (-2.9%)	3.008s (-3.2%)	0.389s	10	1.99x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.087s (-60.4% 🟢)	5.182s (-52.1% 🟢)	2.096s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.264s (+1.0%)	5.465s (+20.2% 🔺)	2.201s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.354s (-66.8% 🟢)	5.736s (-52.6% 🟢)	2.382s	6	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.610s (+1.7%)	4.298s (+3.9%)	2.688s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.621s (~)	4.138s (~)	2.517s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.005s (+19.0% 🔺)	5.680s (+3.0%)	2.676s	6	1.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.452s (-18.6% 🟢)	5.179s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.727s	6	2.77x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.206s (+1.2%)	6.614s (~)	0.408s	5	3.86x
💻 Local	Express	6.896s (+12.8% 🔺)	7.517s (+13.6% 🔺)	0.621s	4	4.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.368s (-15.0% 🟢)	6.502s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.134s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.513s (+1.3%)	6.988s (+12.2% 🔺)	2.475s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.691s (-43.8% 🟢)	6.519s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.829s	5	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.190s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.818s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.200s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.808s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.203s (+3.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.804s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+2.1%)	2.007s (~)	0.594s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.462s (+3.7%)	2.007s (~)	0.545s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.502s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.073s (+3.3%)	0.571s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.355s (-32.2% 🟢)	4.195s (-20.6% 🟢)	1.840s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.563s (-4.3%)	4.356s (-3.1%)	1.793s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.638s (-74.1% 🟢)	4.432s (-62.8% 🟢)	1.794s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.310s (+1.0%)	3.010s (+3.1%)	1.700s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.314s (-0.9%)	2.508s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.194s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.365s (+4.2%)	2.593s (-3.1%)	1.228s	12	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.339s (-5.5% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.79x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.443s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.827s (-6.0% 🟢)	0.384s	11	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.527s (-0.8%)	3.342s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.816s	9	1.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.131s (-69.0% 🟢)	6.451s (-59.5% 🟢)	2.320s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.238s (-77.2% 🟢)	6.239s (-69.2% 🟢)	2.001s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.400s (-79.8% 🟢)	6.434s (-73.2% 🟢)	2.034s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.620s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.011s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.392s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.629s (-0.7%)	4.137s (+3.1%)	2.508s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.053s (-3.4%)	6.014s (+5.9% 🔺)	2.961s	5	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.748s (+9.4% 🔺)	6.216s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.468s	5	3.55x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.489s (-6.2% 🟢)	7.219s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.730s	5	4.01x
💻 Local	Express	6.713s (+5.4% 🔺)	7.517s (+4.1%)	0.804s	4	4.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.594s (-70.6% 🟢)	6.880s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.286s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.081s (-69.2% 🟢)	9.239s (-56.6% 🟢)	3.158s	4	1.32x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.625s (-63.0% 🟢)	8.895s (-55.1% 🟢)	2.270s	4	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.535s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.471s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.539s (-1.5%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.467s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.457s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.568s (-3.4%)	1.005s (~)	0.437s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s (-2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.425s	60	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	0.582s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.423s	60	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.508s (+64.0% 🔺)	6.795s (+58.4% 🔺)	2.287s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.865s (-3.1%)	6.849s (-1.7%)	1.984s	9	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.425s (+92.9% 🔺)	7.449s (+63.6% 🔺)	2.024s	9	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.300s (+1.2%)	2.029s (+1.1%)	0.729s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.306s (+1.3%)	2.008s (~)	0.702s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.347s (+4.9%)	2.030s (~)	0.683s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.424s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.581s	45	1.10x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.455s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.551s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.458s (-0.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.548s	45	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	8.628s (+1.6%)	10.588s (+2.3%)	1.960s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.711s (-27.0% 🟢)	10.704s (-24.0% 🟢)	1.993s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.981s (+0.8%)	11.015s (+0.8%)	2.033s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.588s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.111s (+1.7%)	0.523s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+2.5%)	3.009s (-0.8%)	0.410s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.703s (+4.0%)	3.112s (+0.9%)	0.408s	39	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	3.110s (-0.5%)	3.790s (-1.6%)	0.680s	32	1.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.143s (-1.8%)	3.912s (-2.4%)	0.769s	31	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.223s (-3.3%)	3.977s (+0.8%)	0.754s	31	1.25x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.593s (+27.1% 🔺)	20.018s (+26.4% 🔺)	2.425s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.033s (+3.2%)	20.224s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.191s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.000s (-4.9%)	23.801s (-2.6%)	2.802s	6	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.169s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.838s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.216s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.218s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.790s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (+4.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.542s	60	2.74x
💻 Local	Express	0.464s (+7.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.540s	60	2.75x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.598s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.407s	60	3.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.373s (-32.3% 🟢)	3.069s (-13.7% 🟢)	1.696s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.404s (+19.0% 🔺)	3.139s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.735s	20	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.421s (-25.2% 🟢)	3.129s (-11.9% 🟢)	1.707s	20	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.274s (+2.6%)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.744s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.323s (+5.7% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.683s	90	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.332s (+0.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.674s	90	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	2.112s (+1.3%)	2.657s (~)	0.544s	34	7.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.142s (-0.6%)	2.736s (+1.8%)	0.594s	33	7.82x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.799s (+3.4%)	3.223s (-2.2%)	0.424s	28	10.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.109s (-24.8% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.6% 🟢)	2.078s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.193s (-26.2% 🟢)	3.989s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.796s	23	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.757s (-21.0% 🟢)	4.888s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.130s	19	1.31x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-1.7%)	3.009s (+1.6%)	2.528s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.509s (+1.6%)	1.014s (-1.7%)	0.505s	119	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.536s (+5.0% 🔺)	1.098s (+8.2% 🔺)	0.561s	110	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.645s (~)	10.694s (-2.2%)	1.049s	12	20.06x
💻 Local	Express	9.798s (+4.7%)	10.940s (+3.9%)	1.142s	11	20.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.394s (+2.8%)	11.576s (+3.3%)	1.182s	11	21.62x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.225s (-54.1% 🟢)	5.524s (-35.8% 🟢)	2.298s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.321s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.621s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.299s	22	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.038s (-23.0% 🟢)	7.534s (-10.9% 🟢)	2.496s	16	1.56x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.140s (~)	1.968s (~)	0.012s (+16.3% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.155s (~)	2.001s (~)	0.001s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.857s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.157s (-1.5%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-4.1%)	2.019s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.159s (~)	1.999s (~)	0.001s (~)	2.011s (~)	0.852s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.162s (+0.8%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+19.8% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.858s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (+1.2%)	1.998s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.847s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.429s (+12.8% 🔺)	3.836s (+14.9% 🔺)	4.129s (-4.0%)	8.586s (+4.2%)	6.157s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.508s (+26.5% 🔺)	3.521s (+13.4% 🔺)	3.973s (+85.0% 🔺)	8.111s (+41.7% 🔺)	5.603s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s (-10.3% 🟢)	4.254s (-2.4%)	3.496s (-18.8% 🟢)	8.400s (-10.6% 🟢)	5.589s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.541s (-0.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.011s (-4.8%)	2.024s (~)	0.483s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.552s (+1.9%)	2.010s (~)	0.013s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.474s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.565s (+0.6%)	1.971s (~)	0.013s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.027s (~)	0.462s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.570s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (~)	2.025s (~)	0.455s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.584s (+1.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.005s (-2.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.443s	30	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.597s (+4.0%)	2.005s (~)	0.005s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.427s	30	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	6.469s (+9.4% 🔺)	7.841s (+8.6% 🔺)	0.501s (+6.2% 🔺)	8.908s (+8.2% 🔺)	2.439s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.522s (-41.3% 🟢)	8.038s (-37.2% 🟢)	0.316s (+31.3% 🔺)	8.994s (-33.6% 🟢)	2.473s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.754s (+17.5% 🔺)	8.279s (+21.0% 🔺)	0.322s (+45.0% 🔺)	9.138s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.384s	7	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.793s (~)	1.009s (-3.5%)	0.000s (NaN%)	1.060s (~)	0.267s	57	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.807s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.084s (+1.7%)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.115s (+3.1%)	0.308s	54	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.966s (-0.8%)	1.396s (+2.4%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	1.403s (+2.3%)	0.437s	43	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.253s (-3.4%)	1.949s (-3.2%)	0.000s (+93.5% 🔺)	1.951s (-3.2%)	0.698s	31	1.58x
💻 Local	Express	1.275s (+2.6%)	1.982s (~)	0.000s (+100.0% 🔺)	1.985s (~)	0.710s	31	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.324s (-4.2%)	1.980s (~)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.692s	30	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.503s (+45.5% 🔺)	5.967s (+36.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.672s (+33.8% 🔺)	2.170s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.505s (-2.0%)	5.718s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-55.0% 🟢)	6.485s (-4.5%)	1.980s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.783s (+16.6% 🔺)	6.186s (+20.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.779s (+20.9% 🔺)	1.996s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.711s (+1.1%)	2.256s (+1.9%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.269s (+1.6%)	0.559s	27	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.780s (+1.7%)	2.417s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.448s (+5.5% 🔺)	0.668s	26	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.623s (+12.4% 🔺)	3.215s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	3.222s (+10.6% 🔺)	0.600s	19	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	3.428s (+4.3%)	4.094s (+3.3%)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	4.097s (+3.2%)	0.669s	15	2.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.477s (+0.5%)	3.990s (~)	0.000s (-50.0% 🟢)	4.033s (~)	0.556s	15	2.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.496s (-7.2% 🟢)	4.023s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.002s (+246.7% 🔺)	4.034s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.537s	15	2.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.524s (-38.3% 🟢)	7.044s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.002s (+1025.0% 🔺)	7.644s (-31.2% 🟢)	2.120s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.626s	6.882s	0.000s	7.628s	2.002s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.717s (-19.6% 🟢)	7.314s (-11.9% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.833s (-11.9% 🟢)	2.116s	8	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	9/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Platformatic: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2578. Merge conflicts were resolved by AI — please review carefully. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• discover workflows imported from exact Next.js instrumentation, middleware, and proxy entrypoints at the project root or under src
• honor configured pageExtensions when identifying those root entrypoints
• keep the existing App Router and Pages Router entrypoint filtering
• scan the project once so root entrypoints are available to the filter

Replaces #1846.
Fixes#1845.

Testing

• pnpm --filter @workflow/next... build
• vitest run packages/next/src/index.test.ts
• tsc -p packages/next/tsconfig.json

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f6ce39f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/next	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 📦 Local Production	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1593	0	231	1824
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	7282	0	1078	8360

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.047s (-2.7%)	1.006s (-0.7%)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.047s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.050s (+0.6%)	1.006s (~)	0.956s	10	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s (+0.7%)	1.012s (~)	0.953s	10	1.26x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.066s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.947s	10	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.069s (+8.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.944s	10	1.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.319s (-1.8%)	2.424s (-2.1%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.356s (+24.2% 🔺)	2.493s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.138s	10	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.367s (+13.8% 🔺)	2.504s (-0.7%)	2.137s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.082s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.083s (+0.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.083s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.091s (-0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.919s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.093s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.917s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.096s (+0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.914s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.435s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.989s (-40.9% 🟢)	1.554s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s (+2.8%)	3.411s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.947s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.500s (+5.8% 🔺)	3.089s (-3.2%)	1.589s	10	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	10.448s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.574s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.457s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.566s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.492s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.532s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.494s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.522s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.503s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.520s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.525s (+0.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.493s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.826s (+1.5%)	14.152s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.327s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.661s (+6.6% 🔺)	15.390s (+10.4% 🔺)	2.729s	2	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.089s (+19.8% 🔺)	16.219s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.129s	2	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.580s (~)	14.029s (~)	0.449s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.614s (~)	14.026s (~)	0.413s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.618s (-0.8%)	14.027s (-1.4%)	0.409s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.629s (-1.0%)	14.022s (~)	0.393s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.743s (+0.5%)	14.020s (~)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.792s (+1.3%)	14.020s (~)	0.228s	5	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	17.973s (-0.6%)	20.146s (~)	2.173s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.016s (-15.7% 🟢)	20.077s (-16.2% 🟢)	2.060s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.445s (+4.3%)	20.093s (+3.9%)	1.648s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.156s (-1.8%)	13.025s (~)	0.870s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.187s (+0.9%)	13.019s (+1.1%)	0.833s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.242s (~)	13.025s (~)	0.783s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.294s (+1.1%)	13.020s (~)	0.726s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.311s (+2.2%)	13.024s (+2.0%)	0.713s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.334s (+0.8%)	13.017s (~)	0.683s	7	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	22.924s (+2.6%)	25.381s (+3.8%)	2.457s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.508s (-27.5% 🟢)	26.925s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.417s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	25.244s (-1.3%)	27.703s (-0.9%)	2.459s	4	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s (-0.8%)	2.007s (~)	0.835s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.195s (+1.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.814s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.389s (-2.0%)	2.006s (~)	0.617s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.586s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.422s (+3.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.584s	15	1.21x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.601s (+14.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+7.0% 🔺)	1.691s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.649s (-55.1% 🟢)	4.487s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.838s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.872s (+17.3% 🔺)	4.540s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.667s	7	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.314s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.508s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.195s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.314s (-1.1%)	3.110s (+3.4%)	1.795s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.340s (-2.1%)	2.676s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.336s	12	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.456s (-6.4% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.553s	10	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	2.477s (+1.9%)	2.917s (-3.0%)	0.441s	11	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.619s (-2.9%)	3.008s (-3.2%)	0.389s	10	1.99x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.087s (-60.4% 🟢)	5.182s (-52.1% 🟢)	2.096s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.264s (+1.0%)	5.465s (+20.2% 🔺)	2.201s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.354s (-66.8% 🟢)	5.736s (-52.6% 🟢)	2.382s	6	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.610s (+1.7%)	4.298s (+3.9%)	2.688s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.621s (~)	4.138s (~)	2.517s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.005s (+19.0% 🔺)	5.680s (+3.0%)	2.676s	6	1.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.452s (-18.6% 🟢)	5.179s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.727s	6	2.77x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.206s (+1.2%)	6.614s (~)	0.408s	5	3.86x
💻 Local	Express	6.896s (+12.8% 🔺)	7.517s (+13.6% 🔺)	0.621s	4	4.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.368s (-15.0% 🟢)	6.502s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.134s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.513s (+1.3%)	6.988s (+12.2% 🔺)	2.475s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.691s (-43.8% 🟢)	6.519s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.829s	5	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.190s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.818s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.200s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.808s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.203s (+3.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.804s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+2.1%)	2.007s (~)	0.594s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.462s (+3.7%)	2.007s (~)	0.545s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.502s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.073s (+3.3%)	0.571s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.355s (-32.2% 🟢)	4.195s (-20.6% 🟢)	1.840s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.563s (-4.3%)	4.356s (-3.1%)	1.793s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.638s (-74.1% 🟢)	4.432s (-62.8% 🟢)	1.794s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.310s (+1.0%)	3.010s (+3.1%)	1.700s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.314s (-0.9%)	2.508s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.194s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.365s (+4.2%)	2.593s (-3.1%)	1.228s	12	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.339s (-5.5% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.79x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.443s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.827s (-6.0% 🟢)	0.384s	11	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.527s (-0.8%)	3.342s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.816s	9	1.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.131s (-69.0% 🟢)	6.451s (-59.5% 🟢)	2.320s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.238s (-77.2% 🟢)	6.239s (-69.2% 🟢)	2.001s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.400s (-79.8% 🟢)	6.434s (-73.2% 🟢)	2.034s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.620s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.011s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.392s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.629s (-0.7%)	4.137s (+3.1%)	2.508s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.053s (-3.4%)	6.014s (+5.9% 🔺)	2.961s	5	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.748s (+9.4% 🔺)	6.216s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.468s	5	3.55x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.489s (-6.2% 🟢)	7.219s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.730s	5	4.01x
💻 Local	Express	6.713s (+5.4% 🔺)	7.517s (+4.1%)	0.804s	4	4.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.594s (-70.6% 🟢)	6.880s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.286s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.081s (-69.2% 🟢)	9.239s (-56.6% 🟢)	3.158s	4	1.32x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.625s (-63.0% 🟢)	8.895s (-55.1% 🟢)	2.270s	4	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.535s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.471s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.539s (-1.5%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.467s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.457s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.568s (-3.4%)	1.005s (~)	0.437s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s (-2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.425s	60	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	0.582s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.423s	60	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.508s (+64.0% 🔺)	6.795s (+58.4% 🔺)	2.287s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.865s (-3.1%)	6.849s (-1.7%)	1.984s	9	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.425s (+92.9% 🔺)	7.449s (+63.6% 🔺)	2.024s	9	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.300s (+1.2%)	2.029s (+1.1%)	0.729s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.306s (+1.3%)	2.008s (~)	0.702s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.347s (+4.9%)	2.030s (~)	0.683s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.424s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.581s	45	1.10x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.455s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.551s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.458s (-0.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.548s	45	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	8.628s (+1.6%)	10.588s (+2.3%)	1.960s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.711s (-27.0% 🟢)	10.704s (-24.0% 🟢)	1.993s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.981s (+0.8%)	11.015s (+0.8%)	2.033s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.588s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.111s (+1.7%)	0.523s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+2.5%)	3.009s (-0.8%)	0.410s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.703s (+4.0%)	3.112s (+0.9%)	0.408s	39	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	3.110s (-0.5%)	3.790s (-1.6%)	0.680s	32	1.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.143s (-1.8%)	3.912s (-2.4%)	0.769s	31	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.223s (-3.3%)	3.977s (+0.8%)	0.754s	31	1.25x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.593s (+27.1% 🔺)	20.018s (+26.4% 🔺)	2.425s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.033s (+3.2%)	20.224s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.191s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.000s (-4.9%)	23.801s (-2.6%)	2.802s	6	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.169s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.838s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.216s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.218s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.790s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (+4.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.542s	60	2.74x
💻 Local	Express	0.464s (+7.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.540s	60	2.75x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.598s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.407s	60	3.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.373s (-32.3% 🟢)	3.069s (-13.7% 🟢)	1.696s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.404s (+19.0% 🔺)	3.139s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.735s	20	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.421s (-25.2% 🟢)	3.129s (-11.9% 🟢)	1.707s	20	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.274s (+2.6%)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.744s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.323s (+5.7% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.683s	90	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.332s (+0.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.674s	90	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	2.112s (+1.3%)	2.657s (~)	0.544s	34	7.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.142s (-0.6%)	2.736s (+1.8%)	0.594s	33	7.82x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.799s (+3.4%)	3.223s (-2.2%)	0.424s	28	10.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.109s (-24.8% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.6% 🟢)	2.078s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.193s (-26.2% 🟢)	3.989s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.796s	23	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.757s (-21.0% 🟢)	4.888s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.130s	19	1.31x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-1.7%)	3.009s (+1.6%)	2.528s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.509s (+1.6%)	1.014s (-1.7%)	0.505s	119	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.536s (+5.0% 🔺)	1.098s (+8.2% 🔺)	0.561s	110	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.645s (~)	10.694s (-2.2%)	1.049s	12	20.06x
💻 Local	Express	9.798s (+4.7%)	10.940s (+3.9%)	1.142s	11	20.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.394s (+2.8%)	11.576s (+3.3%)	1.182s	11	21.62x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.225s (-54.1% 🟢)	5.524s (-35.8% 🟢)	2.298s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.321s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.621s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.299s	22	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.038s (-23.0% 🟢)	7.534s (-10.9% 🟢)	2.496s	16	1.56x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.140s (~)	1.968s (~)	0.012s (+16.3% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.155s (~)	2.001s (~)	0.001s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.857s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.157s (-1.5%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-4.1%)	2.019s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.159s (~)	1.999s (~)	0.001s (~)	2.011s (~)	0.852s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.162s (+0.8%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+19.8% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.858s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (+1.2%)	1.998s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.847s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.429s (+12.8% 🔺)	3.836s (+14.9% 🔺)	4.129s (-4.0%)	8.586s (+4.2%)	6.157s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.508s (+26.5% 🔺)	3.521s (+13.4% 🔺)	3.973s (+85.0% 🔺)	8.111s (+41.7% 🔺)	5.603s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s (-10.3% 🟢)	4.254s (-2.4%)	3.496s (-18.8% 🟢)	8.400s (-10.6% 🟢)	5.589s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.541s (-0.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.011s (-4.8%)	2.024s (~)	0.483s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.552s (+1.9%)	2.010s (~)	0.013s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.474s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.565s (+0.6%)	1.971s (~)	0.013s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.027s (~)	0.462s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.570s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (~)	2.025s (~)	0.455s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.584s (+1.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.005s (-2.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.443s	30	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.597s (+4.0%)	2.005s (~)	0.005s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.427s	30	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	6.469s (+9.4% 🔺)	7.841s (+8.6% 🔺)	0.501s (+6.2% 🔺)	8.908s (+8.2% 🔺)	2.439s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.522s (-41.3% 🟢)	8.038s (-37.2% 🟢)	0.316s (+31.3% 🔺)	8.994s (-33.6% 🟢)	2.473s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.754s (+17.5% 🔺)	8.279s (+21.0% 🔺)	0.322s (+45.0% 🔺)	9.138s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.384s	7	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.793s (~)	1.009s (-3.5%)	0.000s (NaN%)	1.060s (~)	0.267s	57	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.807s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.084s (+1.7%)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.115s (+3.1%)	0.308s	54	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.966s (-0.8%)	1.396s (+2.4%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	1.403s (+2.3%)	0.437s	43	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.253s (-3.4%)	1.949s (-3.2%)	0.000s (+93.5% 🔺)	1.951s (-3.2%)	0.698s	31	1.58x
💻 Local	Express	1.275s (+2.6%)	1.982s (~)	0.000s (+100.0% 🔺)	1.985s (~)	0.710s	31	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.324s (-4.2%)	1.980s (~)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.692s	30	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.503s (+45.5% 🔺)	5.967s (+36.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.672s (+33.8% 🔺)	2.170s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.505s (-2.0%)	5.718s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-55.0% 🟢)	6.485s (-4.5%)	1.980s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.783s (+16.6% 🔺)	6.186s (+20.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.779s (+20.9% 🔺)	1.996s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.711s (+1.1%)	2.256s (+1.9%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.269s (+1.6%)	0.559s	27	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.780s (+1.7%)	2.417s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.448s (+5.5% 🔺)	0.668s	26	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.623s (+12.4% 🔺)	3.215s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	3.222s (+10.6% 🔺)	0.600s	19	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	3.428s (+4.3%)	4.094s (+3.3%)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	4.097s (+3.2%)	0.669s	15	2.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.477s (+0.5%)	3.990s (~)	0.000s (-50.0% 🟢)	4.033s (~)	0.556s	15	2.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.496s (-7.2% 🟢)	4.023s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.002s (+246.7% 🔺)	4.034s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.537s	15	2.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.524s (-38.3% 🟢)	7.044s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.002s (+1025.0% 🔺)	7.644s (-31.2% 🟢)	2.120s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.626s	6.882s	0.000s	7.628s	2.002s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.717s (-19.6% 🟢)	7.314s (-11.9% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.833s (-11.9% 🟢)	2.116s	8	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	9/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Platformatic: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2578. Merge conflicts were resolved by AI — please review carefully. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• discover workflows imported from exact Next.js instrumentation, middleware, and proxy entrypoints at the project root or under src
• honor configured pageExtensions when identifying those root entrypoints
• keep the existing App Router and Pages Router entrypoint filtering
• scan the project once so root entrypoints are available to the filter

Replaces #1846.
Fixes#1845.

Testing

• pnpm --filter @workflow/next... build
• vitest run packages/next/src/index.test.ts
• tsc -p packages/next/tsconfig.json

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Building	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 22, 2026 10:44pm

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f6ce39f

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/next	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 📦 Local Production	1605	0	219	1824
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1593	0	231	1824
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	7282	0	1078	8360

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	0.047s (-2.7%)	1.006s (-0.7%)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.047s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.959s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.050s (+0.6%)	1.006s (~)	0.956s	10	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s (+0.7%)	1.012s (~)	0.953s	10	1.26x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.066s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.013s (~)	0.947s	10	1.41x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.069s (+8.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.944s	10	1.47x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.319s (-1.8%)	2.424s (-2.1%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.356s (+24.2% 🔺)	2.493s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.138s	10	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.367s (+13.8% 🔺)	2.504s (-0.7%)	2.137s	10	1.15x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.082s (~)	2.007s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.083s (+0.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.083s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.924s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.091s (-0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.919s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.093s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.917s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.096s (+0.6%)	2.010s (~)	0.914s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.435s (-47.1% 🟢)	2.989s (-40.9% 🟢)	1.554s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s (+2.8%)	3.411s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.947s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.500s (+5.8% 🔺)	3.089s (-3.2%)	1.589s	10	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	10.448s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.574s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.457s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.566s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.492s (~)	11.024s (~)	0.532s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.494s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.522s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.503s (~)	11.023s (~)	0.520s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.525s (+0.9%)	11.018s (~)	0.493s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	11.826s (+1.5%)	14.152s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.327s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12.661s (+6.6% 🔺)	15.390s (+10.4% 🔺)	2.729s	2	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.089s (+19.8% 🔺)	16.219s (+14.2% 🔺)	2.129s	2	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	13.580s (~)	14.029s (~)	0.449s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.614s (~)	14.026s (~)	0.413s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.618s (-0.8%)	14.027s (-1.4%)	0.409s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.629s (-1.0%)	14.022s (~)	0.393s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.743s (+0.5%)	14.020s (~)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.792s (+1.3%)	14.020s (~)	0.228s	5	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	17.973s (-0.6%)	20.146s (~)	2.173s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	18.016s (-15.7% 🟢)	20.077s (-16.2% 🟢)	2.060s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.445s (+4.3%)	20.093s (+3.9%)	1.648s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.156s (-1.8%)	13.025s (~)	0.870s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.187s (+0.9%)	13.019s (+1.1%)	0.833s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.242s (~)	13.025s (~)	0.783s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.294s (+1.1%)	13.020s (~)	0.726s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.311s (+2.2%)	13.024s (+2.0%)	0.713s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.334s (+0.8%)	13.017s (~)	0.683s	7	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	22.924s (+2.6%)	25.381s (+3.8%)	2.457s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.508s (-27.5% 🟢)	26.925s (-23.9% 🟢)	2.417s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	25.244s (-1.3%)	27.703s (-0.9%)	2.459s	4	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.173s (-0.8%)	2.007s (~)	0.835s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (~)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.195s (+1.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.814s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.389s (-2.0%)	2.006s (~)	0.617s	15	1.18x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.420s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.586s	15	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.422s (+3.2%)	2.006s (~)	0.584s	15	1.21x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.601s (+14.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+7.0% 🔺)	1.691s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.649s (-55.1% 🟢)	4.487s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.838s	7	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.872s (+17.3% 🔺)	4.540s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.667s	7	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.314s (-6.4% 🟢)	2.508s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.195s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.314s (-1.1%)	3.110s (+3.4%)	1.795s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.340s (-2.1%)	2.676s (-5.3% 🟢)	1.336s	12	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.456s (-6.4% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.553s	10	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	2.477s (+1.9%)	2.917s (-3.0%)	0.441s	11	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.619s (-2.9%)	3.008s (-3.2%)	0.389s	10	1.99x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.087s (-60.4% 🟢)	5.182s (-52.1% 🟢)	2.096s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.264s (+1.0%)	5.465s (+20.2% 🔺)	2.201s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.354s (-66.8% 🟢)	5.736s (-52.6% 🟢)	2.382s	6	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.610s (+1.7%)	4.298s (+3.9%)	2.688s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.621s (~)	4.138s (~)	2.517s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.005s (+19.0% 🔺)	5.680s (+3.0%)	2.676s	6	1.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.452s (-18.6% 🟢)	5.179s (-16.7% 🟢)	0.727s	6	2.77x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.206s (+1.2%)	6.614s (~)	0.408s	5	3.86x
💻 Local	Express	6.896s (+12.8% 🔺)	7.517s (+13.6% 🔺)	0.621s	4	4.28x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.368s (-15.0% 🟢)	6.502s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.134s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.513s (+1.3%)	6.988s (+12.2% 🔺)	2.475s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.691s (-43.8% 🟢)	6.519s (-36.3% 🟢)	1.829s	5	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.190s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.818s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.200s (+1.4%)	2.008s (~)	0.808s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.203s (+3.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.804s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.413s (+2.1%)	2.007s (~)	0.594s	15	1.19x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.462s (+3.7%)	2.007s (~)	0.545s	15	1.23x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.502s (+5.3% 🔺)	2.073s (+3.3%)	0.571s	15	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.355s (-32.2% 🟢)	4.195s (-20.6% 🟢)	1.840s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.563s (-4.3%)	4.356s (-3.1%)	1.793s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.638s (-74.1% 🟢)	4.432s (-62.8% 🟢)	1.794s	7	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.310s (+1.0%)	3.010s (+3.1%)	1.700s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.314s (-0.9%)	2.508s (+9.3% 🔺)	1.194s	12	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.365s (+4.2%)	2.593s (-3.1%)	1.228s	12	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	2.339s (-5.5% 🟢)	3.009s (~)	0.670s	10	1.79x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.443s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.827s (-6.0% 🟢)	0.384s	11	1.87x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.527s (-0.8%)	3.342s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.816s	9	1.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.131s (-69.0% 🟢)	6.451s (-59.5% 🟢)	2.320s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.238s (-77.2% 🟢)	6.239s (-69.2% 🟢)	2.001s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.400s (-79.8% 🟢)	6.434s (-73.2% 🟢)	2.034s	6	1.07x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.620s (-13.1% 🟢)	4.011s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.392s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.629s (-0.7%)	4.137s (+3.1%)	2.508s	8	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.053s (-3.4%)	6.014s (+5.9% 🔺)	2.961s	5	1.89x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.748s (+9.4% 🔺)	6.216s (+6.3% 🔺)	0.468s	5	3.55x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.489s (-6.2% 🟢)	7.219s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.730s	5	4.01x
💻 Local	Express	6.713s (+5.4% 🔺)	7.517s (+4.1%)	0.804s	4	4.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.594s (-70.6% 🟢)	6.880s (-60.1% 🟢)	2.286s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.081s (-69.2% 🟢)	9.239s (-56.6% 🟢)	3.158s	4	1.32x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.625s (-63.0% 🟢)	8.895s (-55.1% 🟢)	2.270s	4	1.44x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.535s (~)	1.006s (~)	0.471s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.539s (-1.5%)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.467s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.023s (+1.7%)	0.457s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.568s (-3.4%)	1.005s (~)	0.437s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s (-2.7%)	1.005s (~)	0.425s	60	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	0.582s (-9.5% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.423s	60	1.09x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	4.508s (+64.0% 🔺)	6.795s (+58.4% 🔺)	2.287s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.865s (-3.1%)	6.849s (-1.7%)	1.984s	9	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	5.425s (+92.9% 🔺)	7.449s (+63.6% 🔺)	2.024s	9	1.20x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.300s (+1.2%)	2.029s (+1.1%)	0.729s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.306s (+1.3%)	2.008s (~)	0.702s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.347s (+4.9%)	2.030s (~)	0.683s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.424s (+0.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.581s	45	1.10x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.455s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.551s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.458s (-0.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.548s	45	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	8.628s (+1.6%)	10.588s (+2.3%)	1.960s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	8.711s (-27.0% 🟢)	10.704s (-24.0% 🟢)	1.993s	9	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	8.981s (+0.8%)	11.015s (+0.8%)	2.033s	9	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.588s (+6.0% 🔺)	3.111s (+1.7%)	0.523s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.599s (+2.5%)	3.009s (-0.8%)	0.410s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.703s (+4.0%)	3.112s (+0.9%)	0.408s	39	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	3.110s (-0.5%)	3.790s (-1.6%)	0.680s	32	1.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.143s (-1.8%)	3.912s (-2.4%)	0.769s	31	1.21x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.223s (-3.3%)	3.977s (+0.8%)	0.754s	31	1.25x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	17.593s (+27.1% 🔺)	20.018s (+26.4% 🔺)	2.425s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	18.033s (+3.2%)	20.224s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.191s	7	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.000s (-4.9%)	23.801s (-2.6%)	2.802s	6	1.19x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.169s (~)	1.007s (~)	0.838s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.216s (+8.3% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.28x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.218s (-8.9% 🟢)	1.007s (-1.6%)	0.790s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (+4.6%)	1.005s (~)	0.542s	60	2.74x
💻 Local	Express	0.464s (+7.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.540s	60	2.75x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.598s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.407s	60	3.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.373s (-32.3% 🟢)	3.069s (-13.7% 🟢)	1.696s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.404s (+19.0% 🔺)	3.139s (+18.2% 🔺)	1.735s	20	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.421s (-25.2% 🟢)	3.129s (-11.9% 🟢)	1.707s	20	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.274s (+2.6%)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.744s	89	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.323s (+5.7% 🔺)	1.006s (~)	0.683s	90	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.332s (+0.5%)	1.006s (~)	0.674s	90	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	2.112s (+1.3%)	2.657s (~)	0.544s	34	7.71x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.142s (-0.6%)	2.736s (+1.8%)	0.594s	33	7.82x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.799s (+3.4%)	3.223s (-2.2%)	0.424s	28	10.22x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.109s (-24.8% 🟢)	4.186s (-8.6% 🟢)	2.078s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.193s (-26.2% 🟢)	3.989s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.796s	23	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.757s (-21.0% 🟢)	4.888s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.130s	19	1.31x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.481s (-1.7%)	3.009s (+1.6%)	2.528s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.509s (+1.6%)	1.014s (-1.7%)	0.505s	119	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.536s (+5.0% 🔺)	1.098s (+8.2% 🔺)	0.561s	110	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.645s (~)	10.694s (-2.2%)	1.049s	12	20.06x
💻 Local	Express	9.798s (+4.7%)	10.940s (+3.9%)	1.142s	11	20.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.394s (+2.8%)	11.576s (+3.3%)	1.182s	11	21.62x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.225s (-54.1% 🟢)	5.524s (-35.8% 🟢)	2.298s	22	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.321s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.621s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.299s	22	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.038s (-23.0% 🟢)	7.534s (-10.9% 🟢)	2.496s	16	1.56x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.140s (~)	1.968s (~)	0.012s (+16.3% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.880s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.155s (~)	2.001s (~)	0.001s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.857s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.157s (-1.5%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-4.1%)	2.019s (~)	0.862s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.159s (~)	1.999s (~)	0.001s (~)	2.011s (~)	0.852s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Express	1.162s (+0.8%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+19.8% 🔺)	2.020s (~)	0.858s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (+1.2%)	1.998s (~)	0.001s (-7.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.847s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.429s (+12.8% 🔺)	3.836s (+14.9% 🔺)	4.129s (-4.0%)	8.586s (+4.2%)	6.157s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.508s (+26.5% 🔺)	3.521s (+13.4% 🔺)	3.973s (+85.0% 🔺)	8.111s (+41.7% 🔺)	5.603s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.812s (-10.3% 🟢)	4.254s (-2.4%)	3.496s (-18.8% 🟢)	8.400s (-10.6% 🟢)	5.589s	10	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.541s (-0.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.011s (-4.8%)	2.024s (~)	0.483s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.552s (+1.9%)	2.010s (~)	0.013s (+9.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.474s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.565s (+0.6%)	1.971s (~)	0.013s (+12.1% 🔺)	2.027s (~)	0.462s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.570s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (~)	2.025s (~)	0.455s	30	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.584s (+1.3%)	2.007s (~)	0.005s (-2.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.443s	30	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.597s (+4.0%)	2.005s (~)	0.005s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.427s	30	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	6.469s (+9.4% 🔺)	7.841s (+8.6% 🔺)	0.501s (+6.2% 🔺)	8.908s (+8.2% 🔺)	2.439s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.522s (-41.3% 🟢)	8.038s (-37.2% 🟢)	0.316s (+31.3% 🔺)	8.994s (-33.6% 🟢)	2.473s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.754s (+17.5% 🔺)	8.279s (+21.0% 🔺)	0.322s (+45.0% 🔺)	9.138s (+21.4% 🔺)	2.384s	7	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.793s (~)	1.009s (-3.5%)	0.000s (NaN%)	1.060s (~)	0.267s	57	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.807s (+6.6% 🔺)	1.084s (+1.7%)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.115s (+3.1%)	0.308s	54	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.966s (-0.8%)	1.396s (+2.4%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	1.403s (+2.3%)	0.437s	43	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.253s (-3.4%)	1.949s (-3.2%)	0.000s (+93.5% 🔺)	1.951s (-3.2%)	0.698s	31	1.58x
💻 Local	Express	1.275s (+2.6%)	1.982s (~)	0.000s (+100.0% 🔺)	1.985s (~)	0.710s	31	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.324s (-4.2%)	1.980s (~)	0.000s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.692s	30	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.503s (+45.5% 🔺)	5.967s (+36.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.672s (+33.8% 🔺)	2.170s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.505s (-2.0%)	5.718s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-55.0% 🟢)	6.485s (-4.5%)	1.980s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.783s (+16.6% 🔺)	6.186s (+20.7% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.779s (+20.9% 🔺)	1.996s	9	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.711s (+1.1%)	2.256s (+1.9%)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.269s (+1.6%)	0.559s	27	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.780s (+1.7%)	2.417s (+5.1% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.448s (+5.5% 🔺)	0.668s	26	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.623s (+12.4% 🔺)	3.215s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	3.222s (+10.6% 🔺)	0.600s	19	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	3.428s (+4.3%)	4.094s (+3.3%)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	4.097s (+3.2%)	0.669s	15	2.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.477s (+0.5%)	3.990s (~)	0.000s (-50.0% 🟢)	4.033s (~)	0.556s	15	2.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.496s (-7.2% 🟢)	4.023s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.002s (+246.7% 🔺)	4.034s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.537s	15	2.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.524s (-38.3% 🟢)	7.044s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.002s (+1025.0% 🔺)	7.644s (-31.2% 🟢)	2.120s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.626s	6.882s	0.000s	7.628s	2.002s	8	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.717s (-19.6% 🟢)	7.314s (-11.9% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.833s (-11.9% 🟢)	2.116s	8	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	9/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	12/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	14/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Platformatic: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2578. Merge conflicts were resolved by AI — please review carefully. (backport job run)