ARROW-11086: [Rust] Extend take implementation to more index types

[Dandandan]

Context

The context of this PR is that I want to experiment with a simplified implementation of the hash join in DataFusion which directly can index the build-side array instead of keeping a list of batches. This array could grow beyond 2 ^ 32 billion elements, so would need indexes of type UInt64 rather than UInt32.

Implementation

In the PR I just extend the public take to take any IndexType which implements ArrowNumericType and ToPrimitive.
I am not sure about the consideration before to restrict take to only UInt32Array.

[github-actions]

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-11086

[alamb]

The full set of Rust CI tests did not run on this PR :(

Can you please rebase this PR against apache/master to pick up the changes in #9056 so that they do?

I apologize for the inconvenience.

[Dandandan]

Rebased

[codecov-io]

Codecov Report

Merging #9057 (571bd65) into master (4b7cdcb) will not change coverage.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@ Coverage Diff @@## master #9057 +/- ##
=======================================
Coverage 82.61% 82.61% =======================================
Files 203 204 +1 Lines 50140 50140 =======================================
Hits 41422 41422 Misses 8718 8718 

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
rust/arrow/src/compute/kernels/take.rs	95.21% <100.00%> (ø)
rust/datafusion/src/physical_plan/hash_join.rs	89.53% <100.00%> (ø)
rust/arrow/src/csv/writer.rs	78.82% <0.00%> (-0.56%)	⬇️
rust/arrow/src/util/serialization.rs	100.00% <0.00%> (ø)

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[alamb]

Looks good to me

[alamb]

The clippy failures in https://github.com/apache/arrow/pull/9057/checks?check_run_id=1630788725 seem unrelated to your change -- let me check that out...

[alamb]

Ah, I hadn't yet seen #9061 which appears to fix the clippy errors -- thanks @Dandandan !

[Dandandan]

FYI @jorgecarleitao@andygrove this (small) PR is needed to finish #9070

[andygrove]

LGTM

[jorgecarleitao]

Clippy missing xD

[Dandandan]

@jorgecarleitao restarted the CI 😄