Fix error reporting in Windows preset build job

[GregoryComer]

Update the Windows preset build job to accurately report failure. Previously, it was silently failing.

I've updated the script to explicitly check the last exit code. I'm not entirely sure why ErrorActionPreference=Stop isn't doing this. I played around with the escaping a bit and also added PSNativeCommandUseErrorActionPreference = True, but haven't gotten it to fail on exit code. It might be possible to make this work, but I'm just adding an explicit check for now.

[GregoryComer]

Stack from ghstack (oldest at bottom):

• Run Python unit test CI on Windows #13567
• Fix data loader build on Windows, re-enable pybind job #13564
• Fix portable library build on Windows #13260
• Fix XNNPACK build on Windows #13259
• Create Windows CMake preset #13257
• Fix devtools CMake build failure on Windows #13251
• ->Fix error reporting in Windows preset build job #13247

[pytorch-bot]

🔗 Helpful Links

🧪 See artifacts and rendered test results at hud.pytorch.org/pr/pytorch/executorch/13247

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❌ 4 New Failures

As of commit e0a7a1d with merge base ffb47e3 ():

NEW FAILURES - The following jobs have failed:

• Build documentation / build (buck2) / Build doc (gh)
  At least one of the pre-conditions you specified did not hold
• Build Presets / windows (pybind) / build (gh)
• pull / unittest / macos / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/ec2-user/runner/_work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 1
• pull / unittest-editable / macos / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/ec2-user/runner/_work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 1

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[GregoryComer]

Note that the Windows CI failure is expected, given the current state of the job.

[GregoryComer]

Tracking issue: #12962.