feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity - #2989

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alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
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alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr
Jul 30, 2026
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feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity#2989
alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
mainfrom
alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr

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@alangenfeld

@alangenfeldalangenfeld commented Jul 17, 2026

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Summary & Motivation

Add a way to track which compute instance things are happening on, exposed as faas.instance on spans since thats the OTEL standard.

Test Plan

Added new test coverage

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: b18de57

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages
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@workflow/coreMinor
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/vitestPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/webPatch
workflowMinor
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
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📊 Workflow Benchmarks

commit b18de57 · Wed, 29 Jul 2026 19:03:42 GMT · run logs

Backend: vercel · app: nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep1282 (+121%) 🔻1381 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1396 🔴 (+23%) 🔻1682 🔴 (+24%) 🔻30
TTFSstream434 (+119%) 🔻1380 🔴 (+33%) 🔻1404 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1494 🔴 (+21%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream1495 (+23%) 🔻1579 🔴 (+17%) 🔻1667 🔴 (+20%) 🔻5369 🔴 (+269%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)138 (-20%) 💚277 🔴 (-6.1%)359 🔴 (+10%)421 🔴 (+23%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)193 (-1.5%)308 🔴 (+12%)340 🔴 (+12%)1890 🔴 (+273%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)490 (+1.9%)559 🔴 (-1.8%)613 🔴 (+2.3%)625 🔴 (±0%)19
WO1020 steps412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)1
SLstream latency108 (+37%) 🔻154 🔴 (+8.5%)163 🔴 (-26%) 💚233 🔴 (-61%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (text)105 (+8.2%)189 (+11%)196 (+2.6%)218 (-15%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (structured)121 (+16%) 🔻175 (-13%)207 (-3.7%)259 (-56%) 💚30
📜 Previous results (4)

a7d0e72

Wed, 29 Jul 2026 16:19:24 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep268 (-61%) 💚1400 🔴 (+36%) 🔻1429 🔴 (+35%) 🔻1507 🔴 (-9.2%)30
TTFSstream332 (-66%) 💚1422 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1443 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1510 🔴 (+30%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream443 (-62%) 💚1643 🔴 (+26%) 🔻1701 🔴 (+25%) 🔻1832 🔴 (+19%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)179 (-1.6%)356 🔴 (+35%) 🔻531 🔴 (+63%) 🔻628 🔴 (+66%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)209 (+9.4%)281 🔴 (+7.3%)322 🔴 (-2.7%)515 🔴 (-51%) 💚19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)544 (+16%) 🔻661 🔴 (+18%) 🔻751 🔴 (+7.4%)762 🔴 (-0.8%)19
WO1020 steps438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)1
SLstream latency102 (+29%) 🔻262 🔴 (+106%) 🔻380 🔴 (+144%) 🔻513 🔴 (+132%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (text)182 (+67%) 🔻517 🔴 (+147%) 🔻572 🔴 (+80%) 🔻1224 🔴 (+94%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (structured)165 (+65%) 🔻388 🔴 (+124%) 🔻505 🔴 (+158%) 🔻853 (+103%) 🔻30

d1b2338

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 21:11:33 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1704 🔴1777 🔴2079 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1956 🔴1993 🔴2081 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)349 🔴472 🔴492 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)373 🔴521 🔴684 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)822 🔴841 🔴910 🔴19
WOstream17041777207930
WOhook + stream19561993208130
SLstream5720 🔴5792 🔴5821 🔴30
SLhook + stream5559 🔴5625 🔴5691 🔴30

5e0e611

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 19:14:49 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1600 🔴1664 🔴1793 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1807 🔴1864 🔴2247 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)293 🔴327 🔴549 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)362 🔴419 🔴550 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)765 🔴822 🔴839 🔴19
WOstream16001664179330
WOhook + stream18071864224730
SLstream5740 🔴5841 🔴6124 🔴30
SLhook + stream5507 🔴5676 🔴6323 🔴30

ad3b139

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 18:50:22 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1751 🔴1787 🔴2141 🔴30
TTFShook + stream2000 🔴2035 🔴2246 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)311 🔴363 🔴369 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)294 🔴344 🔴414 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)755 🔴860 🔴1024 🔴19
WOstream17511787214130
WOhook + stream20002035224630
SLstream5785 🔴5881 🔴6488 🔴30
SLhook + stream5582 🔴5684 🔴5941 🔴30
ℹ️ Metric definitions & methodology

Best/P75/P90/P99 deltas compare against the most recent benchmark run on main at the time of this run. 🔻 flags a delta worse than +15%, 💚 one better than −15%.

Metrics — TTFS: time to first step body (in-deployment start() → first step body, deployment clocks) · STSO: step-to-step overhead (gap between consecutive step bodies) · WO: workflow overhead (whole-run time outside step bodies, in-deployment anchored) · SL: stream latency (in-deployment write → read propagation, readAt - writtenAt) · SO: stream overhead (end-to-end write+consume time beyond the modelled generation window)

Scenarios — step: one trivial no-op step, no stream; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · stream: one streaming step; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · hook + stream: registers a hook before one step, which exits turbo mode (dispatch path) · 1020 steps: 1020 trivial sequential steps; STSO is measured between consecutive steps in the given step ranges, and WO is the whole-run overhead outside step bodies · stream latency: parallel reader/writer steps on a dedicated stream; SL is the in-deployment write->read propagation (readAt - writtenAt) · stream overhead (text): writer streams 300 variable-length text token deltas paced at 100/s for 3s (a haiku-size LLM's token throughput) while a parallel reader drains the whole stream; SO is the end-to-end write+consume time beyond the 3s generation window (overhead/backpressure) · stream overhead (structured): same workload as stream overhead (text), but each delta is an AI-SDK-style structured object ({ type: 'text-delta', id, text }) instead of a raw string, so the SO gap vs the text scenario is the added serialization cost

🔴 marks a percentile over its target (within target is left unmarked). Targets (p75/p90/p99, ms) — TTFS 200/300/600 · SL 50/60/125 · SO 250/500/1000 · STSO (1-20) 20/30/60 · STSO (101-120) 30/45/90 · STSO (1001-1020) 40/60/120

All metrics are measured from deployment-side timestamps only. Runs are triggered by an in-deployment route that stamps the anchor (clientStart) right before start(), so the CI runner’s request and its path through api.vercel.com sit outside every measured window. TTFS = in-deployment start() → first step body (turbo uses the in-process fast path, non-turbo the dispatch path), and includes the VQS dispatch hop plus any /flow cold start. STSO/WO are measured between step bodies on the deployment. SL is measured inside the workflow (parallel reader/writer steps), so it no longer includes the api.vercel.com read path.

Cold starts are kept in the numbers on purpose — they are part of real bursty-workload latency. The workbench deployment cold-starts the /flow invocation for a large fraction of runs, inflating P75+; the Best column shows the fastest (warm-start) sample for comparison.

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🧪 E2E Test Results

All tests passed

E2E Test Summary

Summary
PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production145502391694
✅ 💻 Local Development162102271848
✅ 📦 Local Production162102271848
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres162102271848
✅ 🪟 Windows15400154
✅ 📋 Other102002121232
✅ vercel-multi-region270027
Total7519011328651
Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro126028
✅ example126028
✅ express126028
✅ fastify126028
✅ hono126028
✅ nextjs-turbopack15103
✅ nextjs-webpack15103
✅ nitro126028
✅ nuxt126028
✅ sveltekit14509
✅ vite126028

✅ 💻 Local Development

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 📦 Local Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🪟 Windows

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack15400

✅ 📋 Other

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-nest126028
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start126028

✅ vercel-multi-region

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack2700

📋 View full workflow run

@alangenfeld
alangenfeldforce-pushed the alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr branch from ad3b139 to 5e0e611CompareJuly 17, 2026 18:57
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld marked this pull request as ready for review July 29, 2026 15:56
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld requested review from a team and ijjk as code ownersJuly 29, 2026 15:56
Comment on lines +8 to +13
* (`cinst_<ulid>`, per the `wrun_`/`step_` convention) whose timestamp is the
* instance's birth time. Stable for the instance's life and shared by every
* invocation it handles — including the concurrent ones Fluid packs onto it;
* cold starts mint fresh ids. Emitted as the OTEL `faas.instance` attribute.
*/
export const COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID = `cinst_${ulid()}`;

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happy to use a different scheme, opted for consistency with what ive seen so far

alangenfeldand others added 2 commits July 29, 2026 13:39
…entity
Synthesize a per-warm-instance id (cinst_<ulid>) once at module load and emit it as the OTEL faas.instance attribute on the flow and step route spans. Vercel exposes no native per-instance id under Fluid compute, so this lets traces distinguish which compute instance handled each request. Purely additive telemetry.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
Covers the id format and, on the two-invocation warm-handler case, that both invocations report the same id — the module-scope minting contract that makes the attribute identify the instance rather than the invocation.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
kind: spanKind,
attributes: {
...Attribute.WorkflowRouteType('flow'),
...Attribute.FaasInstance(COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID),

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AI Review: This is currently the only runtime use of COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID, so the value is added to the OTEL flow span but never sent to workflow-server. The companion server change (vercel/workflow-server#635) expects computeInstanceId in step_started frame metadata and says the SDK already sends it; without adding that serialization here or in the event builder, WORKFLOW_EVENT.computeInstanceId and the Workflow O11y dimension will always be empty. Please pass the same ID through the step event metadata, with protocol coverage, or explicitly split and link the SDK wire change that does so.

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that change is in the draft stacked PR #3186

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No backport to stable for 9cc11f5 (AI decision).

This commit adds a new telemetry capability — synthesizing a per-warm-instance id and emitting it as a new faas.instance OTEL span attribute — which the commit message itself describes as "purely additive telemetry" and ships with a minor changeset. New observability surface is feature work, not a fix to functionality already on stable, so it does not meet the maintenance-branch criteria.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

9cc11f5329fbc9151c2f0ccd0139387c07f2d7ce

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Skip to content

feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity - #2989

Merged
alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
mainfrom
alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr
Jul 30, 2026
Merged

feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity#2989
alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
mainfrom
alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr

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@alangenfeld

@alangenfeldalangenfeld commented Jul 17, 2026

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Summary & Motivation

Add a way to track which compute instance things are happening on, exposed as faas.instance on spans since thats the OTEL standard.

Test Plan

Added new test coverage

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: b18de57

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages
NameType
@workflow/coreMinor
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/vitestPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/webPatch
workflowMinor
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

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📊 Workflow Benchmarks

commit b18de57 · Wed, 29 Jul 2026 19:03:42 GMT · run logs

Backend: vercel · app: nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep1282 (+121%) 🔻1381 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1396 🔴 (+23%) 🔻1682 🔴 (+24%) 🔻30
TTFSstream434 (+119%) 🔻1380 🔴 (+33%) 🔻1404 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1494 🔴 (+21%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream1495 (+23%) 🔻1579 🔴 (+17%) 🔻1667 🔴 (+20%) 🔻5369 🔴 (+269%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)138 (-20%) 💚277 🔴 (-6.1%)359 🔴 (+10%)421 🔴 (+23%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)193 (-1.5%)308 🔴 (+12%)340 🔴 (+12%)1890 🔴 (+273%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)490 (+1.9%)559 🔴 (-1.8%)613 🔴 (+2.3%)625 🔴 (±0%)19
WO1020 steps412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)1
SLstream latency108 (+37%) 🔻154 🔴 (+8.5%)163 🔴 (-26%) 💚233 🔴 (-61%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (text)105 (+8.2%)189 (+11%)196 (+2.6%)218 (-15%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (structured)121 (+16%) 🔻175 (-13%)207 (-3.7%)259 (-56%) 💚30
📜 Previous results (4)

a7d0e72

Wed, 29 Jul 2026 16:19:24 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep268 (-61%) 💚1400 🔴 (+36%) 🔻1429 🔴 (+35%) 🔻1507 🔴 (-9.2%)30
TTFSstream332 (-66%) 💚1422 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1443 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1510 🔴 (+30%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream443 (-62%) 💚1643 🔴 (+26%) 🔻1701 🔴 (+25%) 🔻1832 🔴 (+19%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)179 (-1.6%)356 🔴 (+35%) 🔻531 🔴 (+63%) 🔻628 🔴 (+66%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)209 (+9.4%)281 🔴 (+7.3%)322 🔴 (-2.7%)515 🔴 (-51%) 💚19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)544 (+16%) 🔻661 🔴 (+18%) 🔻751 🔴 (+7.4%)762 🔴 (-0.8%)19
WO1020 steps438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)1
SLstream latency102 (+29%) 🔻262 🔴 (+106%) 🔻380 🔴 (+144%) 🔻513 🔴 (+132%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (text)182 (+67%) 🔻517 🔴 (+147%) 🔻572 🔴 (+80%) 🔻1224 🔴 (+94%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (structured)165 (+65%) 🔻388 🔴 (+124%) 🔻505 🔴 (+158%) 🔻853 (+103%) 🔻30

d1b2338

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 21:11:33 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1704 🔴1777 🔴2079 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1956 🔴1993 🔴2081 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)349 🔴472 🔴492 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)373 🔴521 🔴684 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)822 🔴841 🔴910 🔴19
WOstream17041777207930
WOhook + stream19561993208130
SLstream5720 🔴5792 🔴5821 🔴30
SLhook + stream5559 🔴5625 🔴5691 🔴30

5e0e611

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 19:14:49 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1600 🔴1664 🔴1793 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1807 🔴1864 🔴2247 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)293 🔴327 🔴549 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)362 🔴419 🔴550 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)765 🔴822 🔴839 🔴19
WOstream16001664179330
WOhook + stream18071864224730
SLstream5740 🔴5841 🔴6124 🔴30
SLhook + stream5507 🔴5676 🔴6323 🔴30

ad3b139

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 18:50:22 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1751 🔴1787 🔴2141 🔴30
TTFShook + stream2000 🔴2035 🔴2246 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)311 🔴363 🔴369 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)294 🔴344 🔴414 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)755 🔴860 🔴1024 🔴19
WOstream17511787214130
WOhook + stream20002035224630
SLstream5785 🔴5881 🔴6488 🔴30
SLhook + stream5582 🔴5684 🔴5941 🔴30
ℹ️ Metric definitions & methodology

Best/P75/P90/P99 deltas compare against the most recent benchmark run on main at the time of this run. 🔻 flags a delta worse than +15%, 💚 one better than −15%.

Metrics — TTFS: time to first step body (in-deployment start() → first step body, deployment clocks) · STSO: step-to-step overhead (gap between consecutive step bodies) · WO: workflow overhead (whole-run time outside step bodies, in-deployment anchored) · SL: stream latency (in-deployment write → read propagation, readAt - writtenAt) · SO: stream overhead (end-to-end write+consume time beyond the modelled generation window)

Scenarios — step: one trivial no-op step, no stream; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · stream: one streaming step; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · hook + stream: registers a hook before one step, which exits turbo mode (dispatch path) · 1020 steps: 1020 trivial sequential steps; STSO is measured between consecutive steps in the given step ranges, and WO is the whole-run overhead outside step bodies · stream latency: parallel reader/writer steps on a dedicated stream; SL is the in-deployment write->read propagation (readAt - writtenAt) · stream overhead (text): writer streams 300 variable-length text token deltas paced at 100/s for 3s (a haiku-size LLM's token throughput) while a parallel reader drains the whole stream; SO is the end-to-end write+consume time beyond the 3s generation window (overhead/backpressure) · stream overhead (structured): same workload as stream overhead (text), but each delta is an AI-SDK-style structured object ({ type: 'text-delta', id, text }) instead of a raw string, so the SO gap vs the text scenario is the added serialization cost

🔴 marks a percentile over its target (within target is left unmarked). Targets (p75/p90/p99, ms) — TTFS 200/300/600 · SL 50/60/125 · SO 250/500/1000 · STSO (1-20) 20/30/60 · STSO (101-120) 30/45/90 · STSO (1001-1020) 40/60/120

All metrics are measured from deployment-side timestamps only. Runs are triggered by an in-deployment route that stamps the anchor (clientStart) right before start(), so the CI runner’s request and its path through api.vercel.com sit outside every measured window. TTFS = in-deployment start() → first step body (turbo uses the in-process fast path, non-turbo the dispatch path), and includes the VQS dispatch hop plus any /flow cold start. STSO/WO are measured between step bodies on the deployment. SL is measured inside the workflow (parallel reader/writer steps), so it no longer includes the api.vercel.com read path.

Cold starts are kept in the numbers on purpose — they are part of real bursty-workload latency. The workbench deployment cold-starts the /flow invocation for a large fraction of runs, inflating P75+; the Best column shows the fastest (warm-start) sample for comparison.

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🧪 E2E Test Results

All tests passed

E2E Test Summary

Summary
PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production145502391694
✅ 💻 Local Development162102271848
✅ 📦 Local Production162102271848
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres162102271848
✅ 🪟 Windows15400154
✅ 📋 Other102002121232
✅ vercel-multi-region270027
Total7519011328651
Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro126028
✅ example126028
✅ express126028
✅ fastify126028
✅ hono126028
✅ nextjs-turbopack15103
✅ nextjs-webpack15103
✅ nitro126028
✅ nuxt126028
✅ sveltekit14509
✅ vite126028

✅ 💻 Local Development

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 📦 Local Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🪟 Windows

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack15400

✅ 📋 Other

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-nest126028
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start126028

✅ vercel-multi-region

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack2700

📋 View full workflow run

@alangenfeld
alangenfeldforce-pushed the alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr branch from ad3b139 to 5e0e611CompareJuly 17, 2026 18:57
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld marked this pull request as ready for review July 29, 2026 15:56
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld requested review from a team and ijjk as code ownersJuly 29, 2026 15:56
Comment on lines +8 to +13
* (`cinst_<ulid>`, per the `wrun_`/`step_` convention) whose timestamp is the
* instance's birth time. Stable for the instance's life and shared by every
* invocation it handles — including the concurrent ones Fluid packs onto it;
* cold starts mint fresh ids. Emitted as the OTEL `faas.instance` attribute.
*/
export const COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID = `cinst_${ulid()}`;

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happy to use a different scheme, opted for consistency with what ive seen so far

alangenfeldand others added 2 commits July 29, 2026 13:39
…entity
Synthesize a per-warm-instance id (cinst_<ulid>) once at module load and emit it as the OTEL faas.instance attribute on the flow and step route spans. Vercel exposes no native per-instance id under Fluid compute, so this lets traces distinguish which compute instance handled each request. Purely additive telemetry.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
Covers the id format and, on the two-invocation warm-handler case, that both invocations report the same id — the module-scope minting contract that makes the attribute identify the instance rather than the invocation.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
kind: spanKind,
attributes: {
...Attribute.WorkflowRouteType('flow'),
...Attribute.FaasInstance(COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID),

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AI Review: This is currently the only runtime use of COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID, so the value is added to the OTEL flow span but never sent to workflow-server. The companion server change (vercel/workflow-server#635) expects computeInstanceId in step_started frame metadata and says the SDK already sends it; without adding that serialization here or in the event builder, WORKFLOW_EVENT.computeInstanceId and the Workflow O11y dimension will always be empty. Please pass the same ID through the step event metadata, with protocol coverage, or explicitly split and link the SDK wire change that does so.

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that change is in the draft stacked PR #3186

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No backport to stable for 9cc11f5 (AI decision).

This commit adds a new telemetry capability — synthesizing a per-warm-instance id and emitting it as a new faas.instance OTEL span attribute — which the commit message itself describes as "purely additive telemetry" and ships with a minor changeset. New observability surface is feature work, not a fix to functionality already on stable, so it does not meet the maintenance-branch criteria.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

9cc11f5329fbc9151c2f0ccd0139387c07f2d7ce

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@alangenfeld@karthikscale3
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Force GitHub README to respect dark mode\n(function() {\n var style = document.createElement('style');\n style.textContent = '\n .markdown-body {\n color-scheme: dark light;\n }\n .markdown-body pre { background: #161b22 !important; }\n .markdown-body code { background: rgba(110, 118, 129, 0.4) !important; }\n .markdown-body table th, .markdown-body table td { border-color: #30363d !important; }\n .markdown-body img { background: #0d1117; }\n .markdown-body blockquote { border-left-color: #8b949e; }\n .markdown-body hr { border-color: #30363d; }\n ';\n document.head.appendChild(style);\n})();", "GitHub Dark Mode README Fix"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:GitHub Dark Mode README Fix]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
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feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity - #2989

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alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
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alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr
Jul 30, 2026
Merged

feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity#2989
alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
mainfrom
alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr

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@alangenfeld

@alangenfeldalangenfeld commented Jul 17, 2026

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Summary & Motivation

Add a way to track which compute instance things are happening on, exposed as faas.instance on spans since thats the OTEL standard.

Test Plan

Added new test coverage

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: b18de57

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages
NameType
@workflow/coreMinor
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/vitestPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/webPatch
workflowMinor
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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📊 Workflow Benchmarks

commit b18de57 · Wed, 29 Jul 2026 19:03:42 GMT · run logs

Backend: vercel · app: nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep1282 (+121%) 🔻1381 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1396 🔴 (+23%) 🔻1682 🔴 (+24%) 🔻30
TTFSstream434 (+119%) 🔻1380 🔴 (+33%) 🔻1404 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1494 🔴 (+21%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream1495 (+23%) 🔻1579 🔴 (+17%) 🔻1667 🔴 (+20%) 🔻5369 🔴 (+269%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)138 (-20%) 💚277 🔴 (-6.1%)359 🔴 (+10%)421 🔴 (+23%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)193 (-1.5%)308 🔴 (+12%)340 🔴 (+12%)1890 🔴 (+273%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)490 (+1.9%)559 🔴 (-1.8%)613 🔴 (+2.3%)625 🔴 (±0%)19
WO1020 steps412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)1
SLstream latency108 (+37%) 🔻154 🔴 (+8.5%)163 🔴 (-26%) 💚233 🔴 (-61%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (text)105 (+8.2%)189 (+11%)196 (+2.6%)218 (-15%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (structured)121 (+16%) 🔻175 (-13%)207 (-3.7%)259 (-56%) 💚30
📜 Previous results (4)

a7d0e72

Wed, 29 Jul 2026 16:19:24 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep268 (-61%) 💚1400 🔴 (+36%) 🔻1429 🔴 (+35%) 🔻1507 🔴 (-9.2%)30
TTFSstream332 (-66%) 💚1422 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1443 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1510 🔴 (+30%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream443 (-62%) 💚1643 🔴 (+26%) 🔻1701 🔴 (+25%) 🔻1832 🔴 (+19%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)179 (-1.6%)356 🔴 (+35%) 🔻531 🔴 (+63%) 🔻628 🔴 (+66%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)209 (+9.4%)281 🔴 (+7.3%)322 🔴 (-2.7%)515 🔴 (-51%) 💚19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)544 (+16%) 🔻661 🔴 (+18%) 🔻751 🔴 (+7.4%)762 🔴 (-0.8%)19
WO1020 steps438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)1
SLstream latency102 (+29%) 🔻262 🔴 (+106%) 🔻380 🔴 (+144%) 🔻513 🔴 (+132%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (text)182 (+67%) 🔻517 🔴 (+147%) 🔻572 🔴 (+80%) 🔻1224 🔴 (+94%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (structured)165 (+65%) 🔻388 🔴 (+124%) 🔻505 🔴 (+158%) 🔻853 (+103%) 🔻30

d1b2338

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 21:11:33 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1704 🔴1777 🔴2079 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1956 🔴1993 🔴2081 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)349 🔴472 🔴492 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)373 🔴521 🔴684 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)822 🔴841 🔴910 🔴19
WOstream17041777207930
WOhook + stream19561993208130
SLstream5720 🔴5792 🔴5821 🔴30
SLhook + stream5559 🔴5625 🔴5691 🔴30

5e0e611

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 19:14:49 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1600 🔴1664 🔴1793 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1807 🔴1864 🔴2247 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)293 🔴327 🔴549 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)362 🔴419 🔴550 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)765 🔴822 🔴839 🔴19
WOstream16001664179330
WOhook + stream18071864224730
SLstream5740 🔴5841 🔴6124 🔴30
SLhook + stream5507 🔴5676 🔴6323 🔴30

ad3b139

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 18:50:22 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1751 🔴1787 🔴2141 🔴30
TTFShook + stream2000 🔴2035 🔴2246 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)311 🔴363 🔴369 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)294 🔴344 🔴414 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)755 🔴860 🔴1024 🔴19
WOstream17511787214130
WOhook + stream20002035224630
SLstream5785 🔴5881 🔴6488 🔴30
SLhook + stream5582 🔴5684 🔴5941 🔴30
ℹ️ Metric definitions & methodology

Best/P75/P90/P99 deltas compare against the most recent benchmark run on main at the time of this run. 🔻 flags a delta worse than +15%, 💚 one better than −15%.

Metrics — TTFS: time to first step body (in-deployment start() → first step body, deployment clocks) · STSO: step-to-step overhead (gap between consecutive step bodies) · WO: workflow overhead (whole-run time outside step bodies, in-deployment anchored) · SL: stream latency (in-deployment write → read propagation, readAt - writtenAt) · SO: stream overhead (end-to-end write+consume time beyond the modelled generation window)

Scenarios — step: one trivial no-op step, no stream; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · stream: one streaming step; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · hook + stream: registers a hook before one step, which exits turbo mode (dispatch path) · 1020 steps: 1020 trivial sequential steps; STSO is measured between consecutive steps in the given step ranges, and WO is the whole-run overhead outside step bodies · stream latency: parallel reader/writer steps on a dedicated stream; SL is the in-deployment write->read propagation (readAt - writtenAt) · stream overhead (text): writer streams 300 variable-length text token deltas paced at 100/s for 3s (a haiku-size LLM's token throughput) while a parallel reader drains the whole stream; SO is the end-to-end write+consume time beyond the 3s generation window (overhead/backpressure) · stream overhead (structured): same workload as stream overhead (text), but each delta is an AI-SDK-style structured object ({ type: 'text-delta', id, text }) instead of a raw string, so the SO gap vs the text scenario is the added serialization cost

🔴 marks a percentile over its target (within target is left unmarked). Targets (p75/p90/p99, ms) — TTFS 200/300/600 · SL 50/60/125 · SO 250/500/1000 · STSO (1-20) 20/30/60 · STSO (101-120) 30/45/90 · STSO (1001-1020) 40/60/120

All metrics are measured from deployment-side timestamps only. Runs are triggered by an in-deployment route that stamps the anchor (clientStart) right before start(), so the CI runner’s request and its path through api.vercel.com sit outside every measured window. TTFS = in-deployment start() → first step body (turbo uses the in-process fast path, non-turbo the dispatch path), and includes the VQS dispatch hop plus any /flow cold start. STSO/WO are measured between step bodies on the deployment. SL is measured inside the workflow (parallel reader/writer steps), so it no longer includes the api.vercel.com read path.

Cold starts are kept in the numbers on purpose — they are part of real bursty-workload latency. The workbench deployment cold-starts the /flow invocation for a large fraction of runs, inflating P75+; the Best column shows the fastest (warm-start) sample for comparison.

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🧪 E2E Test Results

All tests passed

E2E Test Summary

Summary
PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production145502391694
✅ 💻 Local Development162102271848
✅ 📦 Local Production162102271848
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres162102271848
✅ 🪟 Windows15400154
✅ 📋 Other102002121232
✅ vercel-multi-region270027
Total7519011328651
Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro126028
✅ example126028
✅ express126028
✅ fastify126028
✅ hono126028
✅ nextjs-turbopack15103
✅ nextjs-webpack15103
✅ nitro126028
✅ nuxt126028
✅ sveltekit14509
✅ vite126028

✅ 💻 Local Development

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 📦 Local Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🪟 Windows

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack15400

✅ 📋 Other

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-nest126028
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start126028

✅ vercel-multi-region

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack2700

📋 View full workflow run

@alangenfeld
alangenfeldforce-pushed the alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr branch from ad3b139 to 5e0e611CompareJuly 17, 2026 18:57
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld marked this pull request as ready for review July 29, 2026 15:56
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld requested review from a team and ijjk as code ownersJuly 29, 2026 15:56
Comment on lines +8 to +13
* (`cinst_<ulid>`, per the `wrun_`/`step_` convention) whose timestamp is the
* instance's birth time. Stable for the instance's life and shared by every
* invocation it handles — including the concurrent ones Fluid packs onto it;
* cold starts mint fresh ids. Emitted as the OTEL `faas.instance` attribute.
*/
export const COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID = `cinst_${ulid()}`;

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happy to use a different scheme, opted for consistency with what ive seen so far

alangenfeldand others added 2 commits July 29, 2026 13:39
…entity
Synthesize a per-warm-instance id (cinst_<ulid>) once at module load and emit it as the OTEL faas.instance attribute on the flow and step route spans. Vercel exposes no native per-instance id under Fluid compute, so this lets traces distinguish which compute instance handled each request. Purely additive telemetry.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
Covers the id format and, on the two-invocation warm-handler case, that both invocations report the same id — the module-scope minting contract that makes the attribute identify the instance rather than the invocation.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
kind: spanKind,
attributes: {
...Attribute.WorkflowRouteType('flow'),
...Attribute.FaasInstance(COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID),

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AI Review: This is currently the only runtime use of COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID, so the value is added to the OTEL flow span but never sent to workflow-server. The companion server change (vercel/workflow-server#635) expects computeInstanceId in step_started frame metadata and says the SDK already sends it; without adding that serialization here or in the event builder, WORKFLOW_EVENT.computeInstanceId and the Workflow O11y dimension will always be empty. Please pass the same ID through the step event metadata, with protocol coverage, or explicitly split and link the SDK wire change that does so.

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that change is in the draft stacked PR #3186

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No backport to stable for 9cc11f5 (AI decision).

This commit adds a new telemetry capability — synthesizing a per-warm-instance id and emitting it as a new faas.instance OTEL span attribute — which the commit message itself describes as "purely additive telemetry" and ships with a minor changeset. New observability surface is feature work, not a fix to functionality already on stable, so it does not meet the maintenance-branch criteria.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

9cc11f5329fbc9151c2f0ccd0139387c07f2d7ce

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, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Highlight search terms from Google/DuckDuckGo/Bing referrer\n(function() {\n var ref = document.referrer;\n var terms = [];\n \n if (ref.includes('google.com') || ref.includes('duckduckgo.com') || ref.includes('bing.com')) {\n var url = new URL(ref);\n var q = url.searchParams.get('q') || url.searchParams.get('p');\n if (q) {\n terms = q.split(/\\s+/).filter(function(t) { return t.length > 2; });\n }\n }\n \n if (terms.length === 0) return;\n \n var style = document.createElement('style');\n style.textContent = '.userscript-highlight { background: #fbbf24; color: #1a1a2e; padding: 1px 3px; border-radius: 2px; }';\n document.head.appendChild(style);\n \n function highlight(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 3) { // text node\n var text = node.textContent;\n var found = false;\n terms.forEach(function(term) {\n var regex = new RegExp('(' + term.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\\]\\\\]/g, '\\\\') + ')', 'gi');\n if (regex.test(text)) {\n found = true;\n var frag = document.createDocumentFragment();\n var parts = text.split(regex);\n parts.forEach(function(part, i) {\n if (i % 2 === 0) {\n frag.appendChild(document.createTextNode(part));\n } else {\n var span = document.createElement('span');\n span.className = 'userscript-highlight';\n span.textContent = part;\n frag.appendChild(span);\n }\n });\n node.parentNode.replaceChild(frag, node);\n }\n });\n } else if (node.nodeType === 1 && node.childNodes) { // element\n var skipTags = ['SCRIPT', 'STYLE', 'NOSCRIPT', 'TEXTAREA', 'INPUT', 'SELECT'];\n if (!skipTags.includes(node.tagName)) {\n Array.from(node.childNodes).forEach(highlight);\n }\n }\n }\n \n highlight(document.body);\n \n // Re-highlight on dynamic content\n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n mutations.forEach(function(m) {\n m.addedNodes.forEach(function(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 1 || node.nodeType === 3) highlight(node);\n });\n });\n });\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "Highlight Search Terms"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Highlight Search Terms]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
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feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity - #2989

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alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
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alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr
Jul 30, 2026
Merged

feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity#2989
alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
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alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr

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@alangenfeld

@alangenfeldalangenfeld commented Jul 17, 2026

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Summary & Motivation

Add a way to track which compute instance things are happening on, exposed as faas.instance on spans since thats the OTEL standard.

Test Plan

Added new test coverage

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: b18de57

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages
NameType
@workflow/coreMinor
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/vitestPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/webPatch
workflowMinor
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

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📊 Workflow Benchmarks

commit b18de57 · Wed, 29 Jul 2026 19:03:42 GMT · run logs

Backend: vercel · app: nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep1282 (+121%) 🔻1381 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1396 🔴 (+23%) 🔻1682 🔴 (+24%) 🔻30
TTFSstream434 (+119%) 🔻1380 🔴 (+33%) 🔻1404 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1494 🔴 (+21%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream1495 (+23%) 🔻1579 🔴 (+17%) 🔻1667 🔴 (+20%) 🔻5369 🔴 (+269%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)138 (-20%) 💚277 🔴 (-6.1%)359 🔴 (+10%)421 🔴 (+23%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)193 (-1.5%)308 🔴 (+12%)340 🔴 (+12%)1890 🔴 (+273%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)490 (+1.9%)559 🔴 (-1.8%)613 🔴 (+2.3%)625 🔴 (±0%)19
WO1020 steps412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)1
SLstream latency108 (+37%) 🔻154 🔴 (+8.5%)163 🔴 (-26%) 💚233 🔴 (-61%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (text)105 (+8.2%)189 (+11%)196 (+2.6%)218 (-15%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (structured)121 (+16%) 🔻175 (-13%)207 (-3.7%)259 (-56%) 💚30
📜 Previous results (4)

a7d0e72

Wed, 29 Jul 2026 16:19:24 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep268 (-61%) 💚1400 🔴 (+36%) 🔻1429 🔴 (+35%) 🔻1507 🔴 (-9.2%)30
TTFSstream332 (-66%) 💚1422 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1443 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1510 🔴 (+30%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream443 (-62%) 💚1643 🔴 (+26%) 🔻1701 🔴 (+25%) 🔻1832 🔴 (+19%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)179 (-1.6%)356 🔴 (+35%) 🔻531 🔴 (+63%) 🔻628 🔴 (+66%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)209 (+9.4%)281 🔴 (+7.3%)322 🔴 (-2.7%)515 🔴 (-51%) 💚19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)544 (+16%) 🔻661 🔴 (+18%) 🔻751 🔴 (+7.4%)762 🔴 (-0.8%)19
WO1020 steps438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)1
SLstream latency102 (+29%) 🔻262 🔴 (+106%) 🔻380 🔴 (+144%) 🔻513 🔴 (+132%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (text)182 (+67%) 🔻517 🔴 (+147%) 🔻572 🔴 (+80%) 🔻1224 🔴 (+94%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (structured)165 (+65%) 🔻388 🔴 (+124%) 🔻505 🔴 (+158%) 🔻853 (+103%) 🔻30

d1b2338

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 21:11:33 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1704 🔴1777 🔴2079 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1956 🔴1993 🔴2081 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)349 🔴472 🔴492 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)373 🔴521 🔴684 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)822 🔴841 🔴910 🔴19
WOstream17041777207930
WOhook + stream19561993208130
SLstream5720 🔴5792 🔴5821 🔴30
SLhook + stream5559 🔴5625 🔴5691 🔴30

5e0e611

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 19:14:49 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1600 🔴1664 🔴1793 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1807 🔴1864 🔴2247 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)293 🔴327 🔴549 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)362 🔴419 🔴550 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)765 🔴822 🔴839 🔴19
WOstream16001664179330
WOhook + stream18071864224730
SLstream5740 🔴5841 🔴6124 🔴30
SLhook + stream5507 🔴5676 🔴6323 🔴30

ad3b139

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 18:50:22 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1751 🔴1787 🔴2141 🔴30
TTFShook + stream2000 🔴2035 🔴2246 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)311 🔴363 🔴369 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)294 🔴344 🔴414 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)755 🔴860 🔴1024 🔴19
WOstream17511787214130
WOhook + stream20002035224630
SLstream5785 🔴5881 🔴6488 🔴30
SLhook + stream5582 🔴5684 🔴5941 🔴30
ℹ️ Metric definitions & methodology

Best/P75/P90/P99 deltas compare against the most recent benchmark run on main at the time of this run. 🔻 flags a delta worse than +15%, 💚 one better than −15%.

Metrics — TTFS: time to first step body (in-deployment start() → first step body, deployment clocks) · STSO: step-to-step overhead (gap between consecutive step bodies) · WO: workflow overhead (whole-run time outside step bodies, in-deployment anchored) · SL: stream latency (in-deployment write → read propagation, readAt - writtenAt) · SO: stream overhead (end-to-end write+consume time beyond the modelled generation window)

Scenarios — step: one trivial no-op step, no stream; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · stream: one streaming step; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · hook + stream: registers a hook before one step, which exits turbo mode (dispatch path) · 1020 steps: 1020 trivial sequential steps; STSO is measured between consecutive steps in the given step ranges, and WO is the whole-run overhead outside step bodies · stream latency: parallel reader/writer steps on a dedicated stream; SL is the in-deployment write->read propagation (readAt - writtenAt) · stream overhead (text): writer streams 300 variable-length text token deltas paced at 100/s for 3s (a haiku-size LLM's token throughput) while a parallel reader drains the whole stream; SO is the end-to-end write+consume time beyond the 3s generation window (overhead/backpressure) · stream overhead (structured): same workload as stream overhead (text), but each delta is an AI-SDK-style structured object ({ type: 'text-delta', id, text }) instead of a raw string, so the SO gap vs the text scenario is the added serialization cost

🔴 marks a percentile over its target (within target is left unmarked). Targets (p75/p90/p99, ms) — TTFS 200/300/600 · SL 50/60/125 · SO 250/500/1000 · STSO (1-20) 20/30/60 · STSO (101-120) 30/45/90 · STSO (1001-1020) 40/60/120

All metrics are measured from deployment-side timestamps only. Runs are triggered by an in-deployment route that stamps the anchor (clientStart) right before start(), so the CI runner’s request and its path through api.vercel.com sit outside every measured window. TTFS = in-deployment start() → first step body (turbo uses the in-process fast path, non-turbo the dispatch path), and includes the VQS dispatch hop plus any /flow cold start. STSO/WO are measured between step bodies on the deployment. SL is measured inside the workflow (parallel reader/writer steps), so it no longer includes the api.vercel.com read path.

Cold starts are kept in the numbers on purpose — they are part of real bursty-workload latency. The workbench deployment cold-starts the /flow invocation for a large fraction of runs, inflating P75+; the Best column shows the fastest (warm-start) sample for comparison.

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🧪 E2E Test Results

All tests passed

E2E Test Summary

Summary
PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production145502391694
✅ 💻 Local Development162102271848
✅ 📦 Local Production162102271848
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres162102271848
✅ 🪟 Windows15400154
✅ 📋 Other102002121232
✅ vercel-multi-region270027
Total7519011328651
Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro126028
✅ example126028
✅ express126028
✅ fastify126028
✅ hono126028
✅ nextjs-turbopack15103
✅ nextjs-webpack15103
✅ nitro126028
✅ nuxt126028
✅ sveltekit14509
✅ vite126028

✅ 💻 Local Development

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 📦 Local Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🪟 Windows

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack15400

✅ 📋 Other

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-nest126028
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start126028

✅ vercel-multi-region

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack2700

📋 View full workflow run

@alangenfeld
alangenfeldforce-pushed the alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr branch from ad3b139 to 5e0e611CompareJuly 17, 2026 18:57
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld marked this pull request as ready for review July 29, 2026 15:56
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld requested review from a team and ijjk as code ownersJuly 29, 2026 15:56
Comment on lines +8 to +13
* (`cinst_<ulid>`, per the `wrun_`/`step_` convention) whose timestamp is the
* instance's birth time. Stable for the instance's life and shared by every
* invocation it handles — including the concurrent ones Fluid packs onto it;
* cold starts mint fresh ids. Emitted as the OTEL `faas.instance` attribute.
*/
export const COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID = `cinst_${ulid()}`;

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happy to use a different scheme, opted for consistency with what ive seen so far

alangenfeldand others added 2 commits July 29, 2026 13:39
…entity
Synthesize a per-warm-instance id (cinst_<ulid>) once at module load and emit it as the OTEL faas.instance attribute on the flow and step route spans. Vercel exposes no native per-instance id under Fluid compute, so this lets traces distinguish which compute instance handled each request. Purely additive telemetry.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
Covers the id format and, on the two-invocation warm-handler case, that both invocations report the same id — the module-scope minting contract that makes the attribute identify the instance rather than the invocation.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
kind: spanKind,
attributes: {
...Attribute.WorkflowRouteType('flow'),
...Attribute.FaasInstance(COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID),

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AI Review: This is currently the only runtime use of COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID, so the value is added to the OTEL flow span but never sent to workflow-server. The companion server change (vercel/workflow-server#635) expects computeInstanceId in step_started frame metadata and says the SDK already sends it; without adding that serialization here or in the event builder, WORKFLOW_EVENT.computeInstanceId and the Workflow O11y dimension will always be empty. Please pass the same ID through the step event metadata, with protocol coverage, or explicitly split and link the SDK wire change that does so.

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that change is in the draft stacked PR #3186

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No backport to stable for 9cc11f5 (AI decision).

This commit adds a new telemetry capability — synthesizing a per-warm-instance id and emitting it as a new faas.instance OTEL span attribute — which the commit message itself describes as "purely additive telemetry" and ships with a minor changeset. New observability surface is feature work, not a fix to functionality already on stable, so it does not meet the maintenance-branch criteria.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

9cc11f5329fbc9151c2f0ccd0139387c07f2d7ce

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, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Strip utm_, fbclid, gclid, etc. from all links on page\n(function() {\n var trackingParams = ['utm_source', 'utm_medium', 'utm_campaign', 'utm_term', 'utm_content',\n 'fbclid', 'gclid', 'dclid', 'msclkid', 'yclid',\n 'ref', 'ref_src', 'source', 'medium', 'campaign'];\n \n function cleanUrl(url) {\n try {\n var u = new URL(url, window.location.origin);\n var changed = false;\n trackingParams.forEach(function(p) {\n if (u.searchParams.has(p)) {\n u.searchParams.delete(p);\n changed = true;\n }\n });\n return changed ? u.toString() : url;\n } catch (e) {\n return url;\n }\n }\n \n function cleanLinks() {\n document.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a) {\n var clean = cleanUrl(a.href);\n if (clean !== a.href) a.href = clean;\n });\n }\n \n cleanLinks();\n \n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n mutations.forEach(function(m) {\n m.addedNodes.forEach(function(node) {\n if (node.nodeType === 1) {\n if (node.tagName === 'A') cleanLinks();\n node.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a) {\n var clean = cleanUrl(a.href);\n if (clean !== a.href) a.href = clean;\n });\n }\n });\n });\n });\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "Remove Tracking Parameters from Links"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Remove Tracking Parameters from Links]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "youtube.com"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + "youtube\\.com" + '
Skip to content

feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity - #2989

Merged
alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
mainfrom
alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr
Jul 30, 2026
Merged

feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity#2989
alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
mainfrom
alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr

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@alangenfeld

@alangenfeldalangenfeld commented Jul 17, 2026

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Summary & Motivation

Add a way to track which compute instance things are happening on, exposed as faas.instance on spans since thats the OTEL standard.

Test Plan

Added new test coverage

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: b18de57

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages
NameType
@workflow/coreMinor
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/vitestPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/webPatch
workflowMinor
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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📊 Workflow Benchmarks

commit b18de57 · Wed, 29 Jul 2026 19:03:42 GMT · run logs

Backend: vercel · app: nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep1282 (+121%) 🔻1381 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1396 🔴 (+23%) 🔻1682 🔴 (+24%) 🔻30
TTFSstream434 (+119%) 🔻1380 🔴 (+33%) 🔻1404 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1494 🔴 (+21%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream1495 (+23%) 🔻1579 🔴 (+17%) 🔻1667 🔴 (+20%) 🔻5369 🔴 (+269%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)138 (-20%) 💚277 🔴 (-6.1%)359 🔴 (+10%)421 🔴 (+23%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)193 (-1.5%)308 🔴 (+12%)340 🔴 (+12%)1890 🔴 (+273%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)490 (+1.9%)559 🔴 (-1.8%)613 🔴 (+2.3%)625 🔴 (±0%)19
WO1020 steps412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)1
SLstream latency108 (+37%) 🔻154 🔴 (+8.5%)163 🔴 (-26%) 💚233 🔴 (-61%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (text)105 (+8.2%)189 (+11%)196 (+2.6%)218 (-15%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (structured)121 (+16%) 🔻175 (-13%)207 (-3.7%)259 (-56%) 💚30
📜 Previous results (4)

a7d0e72

Wed, 29 Jul 2026 16:19:24 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep268 (-61%) 💚1400 🔴 (+36%) 🔻1429 🔴 (+35%) 🔻1507 🔴 (-9.2%)30
TTFSstream332 (-66%) 💚1422 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1443 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1510 🔴 (+30%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream443 (-62%) 💚1643 🔴 (+26%) 🔻1701 🔴 (+25%) 🔻1832 🔴 (+19%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)179 (-1.6%)356 🔴 (+35%) 🔻531 🔴 (+63%) 🔻628 🔴 (+66%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)209 (+9.4%)281 🔴 (+7.3%)322 🔴 (-2.7%)515 🔴 (-51%) 💚19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)544 (+16%) 🔻661 🔴 (+18%) 🔻751 🔴 (+7.4%)762 🔴 (-0.8%)19
WO1020 steps438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)1
SLstream latency102 (+29%) 🔻262 🔴 (+106%) 🔻380 🔴 (+144%) 🔻513 🔴 (+132%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (text)182 (+67%) 🔻517 🔴 (+147%) 🔻572 🔴 (+80%) 🔻1224 🔴 (+94%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (structured)165 (+65%) 🔻388 🔴 (+124%) 🔻505 🔴 (+158%) 🔻853 (+103%) 🔻30

d1b2338

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 21:11:33 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1704 🔴1777 🔴2079 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1956 🔴1993 🔴2081 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)349 🔴472 🔴492 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)373 🔴521 🔴684 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)822 🔴841 🔴910 🔴19
WOstream17041777207930
WOhook + stream19561993208130
SLstream5720 🔴5792 🔴5821 🔴30
SLhook + stream5559 🔴5625 🔴5691 🔴30

5e0e611

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 19:14:49 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1600 🔴1664 🔴1793 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1807 🔴1864 🔴2247 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)293 🔴327 🔴549 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)362 🔴419 🔴550 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)765 🔴822 🔴839 🔴19
WOstream16001664179330
WOhook + stream18071864224730
SLstream5740 🔴5841 🔴6124 🔴30
SLhook + stream5507 🔴5676 🔴6323 🔴30

ad3b139

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 18:50:22 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1751 🔴1787 🔴2141 🔴30
TTFShook + stream2000 🔴2035 🔴2246 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)311 🔴363 🔴369 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)294 🔴344 🔴414 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)755 🔴860 🔴1024 🔴19
WOstream17511787214130
WOhook + stream20002035224630
SLstream5785 🔴5881 🔴6488 🔴30
SLhook + stream5582 🔴5684 🔴5941 🔴30
ℹ️ Metric definitions & methodology

Best/P75/P90/P99 deltas compare against the most recent benchmark run on main at the time of this run. 🔻 flags a delta worse than +15%, 💚 one better than −15%.

Metrics — TTFS: time to first step body (in-deployment start() → first step body, deployment clocks) · STSO: step-to-step overhead (gap between consecutive step bodies) · WO: workflow overhead (whole-run time outside step bodies, in-deployment anchored) · SL: stream latency (in-deployment write → read propagation, readAt - writtenAt) · SO: stream overhead (end-to-end write+consume time beyond the modelled generation window)

Scenarios — step: one trivial no-op step, no stream; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · stream: one streaming step; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · hook + stream: registers a hook before one step, which exits turbo mode (dispatch path) · 1020 steps: 1020 trivial sequential steps; STSO is measured between consecutive steps in the given step ranges, and WO is the whole-run overhead outside step bodies · stream latency: parallel reader/writer steps on a dedicated stream; SL is the in-deployment write->read propagation (readAt - writtenAt) · stream overhead (text): writer streams 300 variable-length text token deltas paced at 100/s for 3s (a haiku-size LLM's token throughput) while a parallel reader drains the whole stream; SO is the end-to-end write+consume time beyond the 3s generation window (overhead/backpressure) · stream overhead (structured): same workload as stream overhead (text), but each delta is an AI-SDK-style structured object ({ type: 'text-delta', id, text }) instead of a raw string, so the SO gap vs the text scenario is the added serialization cost

🔴 marks a percentile over its target (within target is left unmarked). Targets (p75/p90/p99, ms) — TTFS 200/300/600 · SL 50/60/125 · SO 250/500/1000 · STSO (1-20) 20/30/60 · STSO (101-120) 30/45/90 · STSO (1001-1020) 40/60/120

All metrics are measured from deployment-side timestamps only. Runs are triggered by an in-deployment route that stamps the anchor (clientStart) right before start(), so the CI runner’s request and its path through api.vercel.com sit outside every measured window. TTFS = in-deployment start() → first step body (turbo uses the in-process fast path, non-turbo the dispatch path), and includes the VQS dispatch hop plus any /flow cold start. STSO/WO are measured between step bodies on the deployment. SL is measured inside the workflow (parallel reader/writer steps), so it no longer includes the api.vercel.com read path.

Cold starts are kept in the numbers on purpose — they are part of real bursty-workload latency. The workbench deployment cold-starts the /flow invocation for a large fraction of runs, inflating P75+; the Best column shows the fastest (warm-start) sample for comparison.

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🧪 E2E Test Results

All tests passed

E2E Test Summary

Summary
PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production145502391694
✅ 💻 Local Development162102271848
✅ 📦 Local Production162102271848
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres162102271848
✅ 🪟 Windows15400154
✅ 📋 Other102002121232
✅ vercel-multi-region270027
Total7519011328651
Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro126028
✅ example126028
✅ express126028
✅ fastify126028
✅ hono126028
✅ nextjs-turbopack15103
✅ nextjs-webpack15103
✅ nitro126028
✅ nuxt126028
✅ sveltekit14509
✅ vite126028

✅ 💻 Local Development

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 📦 Local Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🪟 Windows

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack15400

✅ 📋 Other

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-nest126028
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start126028

✅ vercel-multi-region

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack2700

📋 View full workflow run

@alangenfeld
alangenfeldforce-pushed the alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr branch from ad3b139 to 5e0e611CompareJuly 17, 2026 18:57
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld marked this pull request as ready for review July 29, 2026 15:56
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld requested review from a team and ijjk as code ownersJuly 29, 2026 15:56
Comment on lines +8 to +13
* (`cinst_<ulid>`, per the `wrun_`/`step_` convention) whose timestamp is the
* instance's birth time. Stable for the instance's life and shared by every
* invocation it handles — including the concurrent ones Fluid packs onto it;
* cold starts mint fresh ids. Emitted as the OTEL `faas.instance` attribute.
*/
export const COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID = `cinst_${ulid()}`;

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happy to use a different scheme, opted for consistency with what ive seen so far

alangenfeldand others added 2 commits July 29, 2026 13:39
…entity
Synthesize a per-warm-instance id (cinst_<ulid>) once at module load and emit it as the OTEL faas.instance attribute on the flow and step route spans. Vercel exposes no native per-instance id under Fluid compute, so this lets traces distinguish which compute instance handled each request. Purely additive telemetry.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
Covers the id format and, on the two-invocation warm-handler case, that both invocations report the same id — the module-scope minting contract that makes the attribute identify the instance rather than the invocation.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
kind: spanKind,
attributes: {
...Attribute.WorkflowRouteType('flow'),
...Attribute.FaasInstance(COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID),

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AI Review: This is currently the only runtime use of COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID, so the value is added to the OTEL flow span but never sent to workflow-server. The companion server change (vercel/workflow-server#635) expects computeInstanceId in step_started frame metadata and says the SDK already sends it; without adding that serialization here or in the event builder, WORKFLOW_EVENT.computeInstanceId and the Workflow O11y dimension will always be empty. Please pass the same ID through the step event metadata, with protocol coverage, or explicitly split and link the SDK wire change that does so.

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that change is in the draft stacked PR #3186

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No backport to stable for 9cc11f5 (AI decision).

This commit adds a new telemetry capability — synthesizing a per-warm-instance id and emitting it as a new faas.instance OTEL span attribute — which the commit message itself describes as "purely additive telemetry" and ships with a minor changeset. New observability surface is feature work, not a fix to functionality already on stable, so it does not meet the maintenance-branch criteria.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

9cc11f5329fbc9151c2f0ccd0139387c07f2d7ce

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@alangenfeld@karthikscale3
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Auto-enable theater mode on YouTube\n(function() {\n function tryTheater() {\n var btn = document.querySelector('button[aria-label=\"Theater mode\"], ytd-player #player button[title=\"Theater mode\"]');\n if (btn && !btn.classList.contains('activated')) {\n btn.click();\n }\n }\n \n // Try immediately\n tryTheater();\n \n // Try after navigation (SPA)\n var lastUrl = location.href;\n setInterval(function() {\n if (location.href !== lastUrl) {\n lastUrl = location.href;\n setTimeout(tryTheater, 500);\n }\n }, 1000);\n \n // Also try on player load\n var observer = new MutationObserver(tryTheater);\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });\n})();", "YouTube Theater Mode Default"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:YouTube Theater Mode Default]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
Skip to content

feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity - #2989

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alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
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alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr
Jul 30, 2026
Merged

feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity#2989
alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
mainfrom
alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr

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@alangenfeld

@alangenfeldalangenfeld commented Jul 17, 2026

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Summary & Motivation

Add a way to track which compute instance things are happening on, exposed as faas.instance on spans since thats the OTEL standard.

Test Plan

Added new test coverage

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: b18de57

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages
NameType
@workflow/coreMinor
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/vitestPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/webPatch
workflowMinor
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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📊 Workflow Benchmarks

commit b18de57 · Wed, 29 Jul 2026 19:03:42 GMT · run logs

Backend: vercel · app: nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep1282 (+121%) 🔻1381 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1396 🔴 (+23%) 🔻1682 🔴 (+24%) 🔻30
TTFSstream434 (+119%) 🔻1380 🔴 (+33%) 🔻1404 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1494 🔴 (+21%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream1495 (+23%) 🔻1579 🔴 (+17%) 🔻1667 🔴 (+20%) 🔻5369 🔴 (+269%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)138 (-20%) 💚277 🔴 (-6.1%)359 🔴 (+10%)421 🔴 (+23%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)193 (-1.5%)308 🔴 (+12%)340 🔴 (+12%)1890 🔴 (+273%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)490 (+1.9%)559 🔴 (-1.8%)613 🔴 (+2.3%)625 🔴 (±0%)19
WO1020 steps412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)1
SLstream latency108 (+37%) 🔻154 🔴 (+8.5%)163 🔴 (-26%) 💚233 🔴 (-61%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (text)105 (+8.2%)189 (+11%)196 (+2.6%)218 (-15%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (structured)121 (+16%) 🔻175 (-13%)207 (-3.7%)259 (-56%) 💚30
📜 Previous results (4)

a7d0e72

Wed, 29 Jul 2026 16:19:24 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep268 (-61%) 💚1400 🔴 (+36%) 🔻1429 🔴 (+35%) 🔻1507 🔴 (-9.2%)30
TTFSstream332 (-66%) 💚1422 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1443 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1510 🔴 (+30%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream443 (-62%) 💚1643 🔴 (+26%) 🔻1701 🔴 (+25%) 🔻1832 🔴 (+19%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)179 (-1.6%)356 🔴 (+35%) 🔻531 🔴 (+63%) 🔻628 🔴 (+66%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)209 (+9.4%)281 🔴 (+7.3%)322 🔴 (-2.7%)515 🔴 (-51%) 💚19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)544 (+16%) 🔻661 🔴 (+18%) 🔻751 🔴 (+7.4%)762 🔴 (-0.8%)19
WO1020 steps438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)1
SLstream latency102 (+29%) 🔻262 🔴 (+106%) 🔻380 🔴 (+144%) 🔻513 🔴 (+132%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (text)182 (+67%) 🔻517 🔴 (+147%) 🔻572 🔴 (+80%) 🔻1224 🔴 (+94%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (structured)165 (+65%) 🔻388 🔴 (+124%) 🔻505 🔴 (+158%) 🔻853 (+103%) 🔻30

d1b2338

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 21:11:33 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1704 🔴1777 🔴2079 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1956 🔴1993 🔴2081 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)349 🔴472 🔴492 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)373 🔴521 🔴684 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)822 🔴841 🔴910 🔴19
WOstream17041777207930
WOhook + stream19561993208130
SLstream5720 🔴5792 🔴5821 🔴30
SLhook + stream5559 🔴5625 🔴5691 🔴30

5e0e611

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 19:14:49 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1600 🔴1664 🔴1793 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1807 🔴1864 🔴2247 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)293 🔴327 🔴549 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)362 🔴419 🔴550 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)765 🔴822 🔴839 🔴19
WOstream16001664179330
WOhook + stream18071864224730
SLstream5740 🔴5841 🔴6124 🔴30
SLhook + stream5507 🔴5676 🔴6323 🔴30

ad3b139

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 18:50:22 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1751 🔴1787 🔴2141 🔴30
TTFShook + stream2000 🔴2035 🔴2246 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)311 🔴363 🔴369 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)294 🔴344 🔴414 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)755 🔴860 🔴1024 🔴19
WOstream17511787214130
WOhook + stream20002035224630
SLstream5785 🔴5881 🔴6488 🔴30
SLhook + stream5582 🔴5684 🔴5941 🔴30
ℹ️ Metric definitions & methodology

Best/P75/P90/P99 deltas compare against the most recent benchmark run on main at the time of this run. 🔻 flags a delta worse than +15%, 💚 one better than −15%.

Metrics — TTFS: time to first step body (in-deployment start() → first step body, deployment clocks) · STSO: step-to-step overhead (gap between consecutive step bodies) · WO: workflow overhead (whole-run time outside step bodies, in-deployment anchored) · SL: stream latency (in-deployment write → read propagation, readAt - writtenAt) · SO: stream overhead (end-to-end write+consume time beyond the modelled generation window)

Scenarios — step: one trivial no-op step, no stream; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · stream: one streaming step; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · hook + stream: registers a hook before one step, which exits turbo mode (dispatch path) · 1020 steps: 1020 trivial sequential steps; STSO is measured between consecutive steps in the given step ranges, and WO is the whole-run overhead outside step bodies · stream latency: parallel reader/writer steps on a dedicated stream; SL is the in-deployment write->read propagation (readAt - writtenAt) · stream overhead (text): writer streams 300 variable-length text token deltas paced at 100/s for 3s (a haiku-size LLM's token throughput) while a parallel reader drains the whole stream; SO is the end-to-end write+consume time beyond the 3s generation window (overhead/backpressure) · stream overhead (structured): same workload as stream overhead (text), but each delta is an AI-SDK-style structured object ({ type: 'text-delta', id, text }) instead of a raw string, so the SO gap vs the text scenario is the added serialization cost

🔴 marks a percentile over its target (within target is left unmarked). Targets (p75/p90/p99, ms) — TTFS 200/300/600 · SL 50/60/125 · SO 250/500/1000 · STSO (1-20) 20/30/60 · STSO (101-120) 30/45/90 · STSO (1001-1020) 40/60/120

All metrics are measured from deployment-side timestamps only. Runs are triggered by an in-deployment route that stamps the anchor (clientStart) right before start(), so the CI runner’s request and its path through api.vercel.com sit outside every measured window. TTFS = in-deployment start() → first step body (turbo uses the in-process fast path, non-turbo the dispatch path), and includes the VQS dispatch hop plus any /flow cold start. STSO/WO are measured between step bodies on the deployment. SL is measured inside the workflow (parallel reader/writer steps), so it no longer includes the api.vercel.com read path.

Cold starts are kept in the numbers on purpose — they are part of real bursty-workload latency. The workbench deployment cold-starts the /flow invocation for a large fraction of runs, inflating P75+; the Best column shows the fastest (warm-start) sample for comparison.

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🧪 E2E Test Results

All tests passed

E2E Test Summary

Summary
PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production145502391694
✅ 💻 Local Development162102271848
✅ 📦 Local Production162102271848
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres162102271848
✅ 🪟 Windows15400154
✅ 📋 Other102002121232
✅ vercel-multi-region270027
Total7519011328651
Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro126028
✅ example126028
✅ express126028
✅ fastify126028
✅ hono126028
✅ nextjs-turbopack15103
✅ nextjs-webpack15103
✅ nitro126028
✅ nuxt126028
✅ sveltekit14509
✅ vite126028

✅ 💻 Local Development

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 📦 Local Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🪟 Windows

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack15400

✅ 📋 Other

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-nest126028
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start126028

✅ vercel-multi-region

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack2700

📋 View full workflow run

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alangenfeldforce-pushed the alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr branch from ad3b139 to 5e0e611CompareJuly 17, 2026 18:57
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alangenfeld marked this pull request as ready for review July 29, 2026 15:56
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alangenfeld requested review from a team and ijjk as code ownersJuly 29, 2026 15:56
Comment on lines +8 to +13
* (`cinst_<ulid>`, per the `wrun_`/`step_` convention) whose timestamp is the
* instance's birth time. Stable for the instance's life and shared by every
* invocation it handles — including the concurrent ones Fluid packs onto it;
* cold starts mint fresh ids. Emitted as the OTEL `faas.instance` attribute.
*/
export const COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID = `cinst_${ulid()}`;

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happy to use a different scheme, opted for consistency with what ive seen so far

alangenfeldand others added 2 commits July 29, 2026 13:39
…entity
Synthesize a per-warm-instance id (cinst_<ulid>) once at module load and emit it as the OTEL faas.instance attribute on the flow and step route spans. Vercel exposes no native per-instance id under Fluid compute, so this lets traces distinguish which compute instance handled each request. Purely additive telemetry.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
Covers the id format and, on the two-invocation warm-handler case, that both invocations report the same id — the module-scope minting contract that makes the attribute identify the instance rather than the invocation.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
kind: spanKind,
attributes: {
...Attribute.WorkflowRouteType('flow'),
...Attribute.FaasInstance(COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID),

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AI Review: This is currently the only runtime use of COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID, so the value is added to the OTEL flow span but never sent to workflow-server. The companion server change (vercel/workflow-server#635) expects computeInstanceId in step_started frame metadata and says the SDK already sends it; without adding that serialization here or in the event builder, WORKFLOW_EVENT.computeInstanceId and the Workflow O11y dimension will always be empty. Please pass the same ID through the step event metadata, with protocol coverage, or explicitly split and link the SDK wire change that does so.

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that change is in the draft stacked PR #3186

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No backport to stable for 9cc11f5 (AI decision).

This commit adds a new telemetry capability — synthesizing a per-warm-instance id and emitting it as a new faas.instance OTEL span attribute — which the commit message itself describes as "purely additive telemetry" and ships with a minor changeset. New observability surface is feature work, not a fix to functionality already on stable, so it does not meet the maintenance-branch criteria.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

9cc11f5329fbc9151c2f0ccd0139387c07f2d7ce

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, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Remove or un-stick sticky/fixed headers that block content\n(function() {\n function unstick() {\n document.querySelectorAll('header, nav, [role=\"banner\"], .header, .navbar, .sticky, .fixed-top, [style*=\"position: fixed\"], [style*=\"position:sticky\"]').forEach(function(el) {\n if (el.style.position === 'fixed' || el.style.position === 'sticky' || \n getComputedStyle(el).position === 'fixed' || getComputedStyle(el).position === 'sticky') {\n el.style.position = 'static';\n el.style.top = 'auto';\n el.style.zIndex = 'auto';\n }\n });\n }\n \n unstick();\n \n var observer = new MutationObserver(unstick);\n observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true, attributes: true, attributeFilter: ['style', 'class'] });\n})();", "Kill Sticky Headers"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Kill Sticky Headers]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + '
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feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity - #2989

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alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
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alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr
Jul 30, 2026
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feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity#2989
alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
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alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr

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@alangenfeld

@alangenfeldalangenfeld commented Jul 17, 2026

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Summary & Motivation

Add a way to track which compute instance things are happening on, exposed as faas.instance on spans since thats the OTEL standard.

Test Plan

Added new test coverage

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: b18de57

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages
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@workflow/coreMinor
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/vitestPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/webPatch
workflowMinor
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
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📊 Workflow Benchmarks

commit b18de57 · Wed, 29 Jul 2026 19:03:42 GMT · run logs

Backend: vercel · app: nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep1282 (+121%) 🔻1381 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1396 🔴 (+23%) 🔻1682 🔴 (+24%) 🔻30
TTFSstream434 (+119%) 🔻1380 🔴 (+33%) 🔻1404 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1494 🔴 (+21%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream1495 (+23%) 🔻1579 🔴 (+17%) 🔻1667 🔴 (+20%) 🔻5369 🔴 (+269%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)138 (-20%) 💚277 🔴 (-6.1%)359 🔴 (+10%)421 🔴 (+23%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)193 (-1.5%)308 🔴 (+12%)340 🔴 (+12%)1890 🔴 (+273%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)490 (+1.9%)559 🔴 (-1.8%)613 🔴 (+2.3%)625 🔴 (±0%)19
WO1020 steps412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)1
SLstream latency108 (+37%) 🔻154 🔴 (+8.5%)163 🔴 (-26%) 💚233 🔴 (-61%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (text)105 (+8.2%)189 (+11%)196 (+2.6%)218 (-15%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (structured)121 (+16%) 🔻175 (-13%)207 (-3.7%)259 (-56%) 💚30
📜 Previous results (4)

a7d0e72

Wed, 29 Jul 2026 16:19:24 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep268 (-61%) 💚1400 🔴 (+36%) 🔻1429 🔴 (+35%) 🔻1507 🔴 (-9.2%)30
TTFSstream332 (-66%) 💚1422 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1443 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1510 🔴 (+30%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream443 (-62%) 💚1643 🔴 (+26%) 🔻1701 🔴 (+25%) 🔻1832 🔴 (+19%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)179 (-1.6%)356 🔴 (+35%) 🔻531 🔴 (+63%) 🔻628 🔴 (+66%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)209 (+9.4%)281 🔴 (+7.3%)322 🔴 (-2.7%)515 🔴 (-51%) 💚19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)544 (+16%) 🔻661 🔴 (+18%) 🔻751 🔴 (+7.4%)762 🔴 (-0.8%)19
WO1020 steps438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)1
SLstream latency102 (+29%) 🔻262 🔴 (+106%) 🔻380 🔴 (+144%) 🔻513 🔴 (+132%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (text)182 (+67%) 🔻517 🔴 (+147%) 🔻572 🔴 (+80%) 🔻1224 🔴 (+94%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (structured)165 (+65%) 🔻388 🔴 (+124%) 🔻505 🔴 (+158%) 🔻853 (+103%) 🔻30

d1b2338

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 21:11:33 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1704 🔴1777 🔴2079 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1956 🔴1993 🔴2081 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)349 🔴472 🔴492 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)373 🔴521 🔴684 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)822 🔴841 🔴910 🔴19
WOstream17041777207930
WOhook + stream19561993208130
SLstream5720 🔴5792 🔴5821 🔴30
SLhook + stream5559 🔴5625 🔴5691 🔴30

5e0e611

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 19:14:49 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1600 🔴1664 🔴1793 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1807 🔴1864 🔴2247 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)293 🔴327 🔴549 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)362 🔴419 🔴550 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)765 🔴822 🔴839 🔴19
WOstream16001664179330
WOhook + stream18071864224730
SLstream5740 🔴5841 🔴6124 🔴30
SLhook + stream5507 🔴5676 🔴6323 🔴30

ad3b139

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 18:50:22 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1751 🔴1787 🔴2141 🔴30
TTFShook + stream2000 🔴2035 🔴2246 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)311 🔴363 🔴369 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)294 🔴344 🔴414 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)755 🔴860 🔴1024 🔴19
WOstream17511787214130
WOhook + stream20002035224630
SLstream5785 🔴5881 🔴6488 🔴30
SLhook + stream5582 🔴5684 🔴5941 🔴30
ℹ️ Metric definitions & methodology

Best/P75/P90/P99 deltas compare against the most recent benchmark run on main at the time of this run. 🔻 flags a delta worse than +15%, 💚 one better than −15%.

Metrics — TTFS: time to first step body (in-deployment start() → first step body, deployment clocks) · STSO: step-to-step overhead (gap between consecutive step bodies) · WO: workflow overhead (whole-run time outside step bodies, in-deployment anchored) · SL: stream latency (in-deployment write → read propagation, readAt - writtenAt) · SO: stream overhead (end-to-end write+consume time beyond the modelled generation window)

Scenarios — step: one trivial no-op step, no stream; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · stream: one streaming step; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · hook + stream: registers a hook before one step, which exits turbo mode (dispatch path) · 1020 steps: 1020 trivial sequential steps; STSO is measured between consecutive steps in the given step ranges, and WO is the whole-run overhead outside step bodies · stream latency: parallel reader/writer steps on a dedicated stream; SL is the in-deployment write->read propagation (readAt - writtenAt) · stream overhead (text): writer streams 300 variable-length text token deltas paced at 100/s for 3s (a haiku-size LLM's token throughput) while a parallel reader drains the whole stream; SO is the end-to-end write+consume time beyond the 3s generation window (overhead/backpressure) · stream overhead (structured): same workload as stream overhead (text), but each delta is an AI-SDK-style structured object ({ type: 'text-delta', id, text }) instead of a raw string, so the SO gap vs the text scenario is the added serialization cost

🔴 marks a percentile over its target (within target is left unmarked). Targets (p75/p90/p99, ms) — TTFS 200/300/600 · SL 50/60/125 · SO 250/500/1000 · STSO (1-20) 20/30/60 · STSO (101-120) 30/45/90 · STSO (1001-1020) 40/60/120

All metrics are measured from deployment-side timestamps only. Runs are triggered by an in-deployment route that stamps the anchor (clientStart) right before start(), so the CI runner’s request and its path through api.vercel.com sit outside every measured window. TTFS = in-deployment start() → first step body (turbo uses the in-process fast path, non-turbo the dispatch path), and includes the VQS dispatch hop plus any /flow cold start. STSO/WO are measured between step bodies on the deployment. SL is measured inside the workflow (parallel reader/writer steps), so it no longer includes the api.vercel.com read path.

Cold starts are kept in the numbers on purpose — they are part of real bursty-workload latency. The workbench deployment cold-starts the /flow invocation for a large fraction of runs, inflating P75+; the Best column shows the fastest (warm-start) sample for comparison.

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🧪 E2E Test Results

All tests passed

E2E Test Summary

Summary
PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production145502391694
✅ 💻 Local Development162102271848
✅ 📦 Local Production162102271848
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres162102271848
✅ 🪟 Windows15400154
✅ 📋 Other102002121232
✅ vercel-multi-region270027
Total7519011328651
Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro126028
✅ example126028
✅ express126028
✅ fastify126028
✅ hono126028
✅ nextjs-turbopack15103
✅ nextjs-webpack15103
✅ nitro126028
✅ nuxt126028
✅ sveltekit14509
✅ vite126028

✅ 💻 Local Development

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 📦 Local Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🪟 Windows

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack15400

✅ 📋 Other

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-nest126028
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start126028

✅ vercel-multi-region

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack2700

📋 View full workflow run

@alangenfeld
alangenfeldforce-pushed the alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr branch from ad3b139 to 5e0e611CompareJuly 17, 2026 18:57
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld marked this pull request as ready for review July 29, 2026 15:56
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld requested review from a team and ijjk as code ownersJuly 29, 2026 15:56
Comment on lines +8 to +13
* (`cinst_<ulid>`, per the `wrun_`/`step_` convention) whose timestamp is the
* instance's birth time. Stable for the instance's life and shared by every
* invocation it handles — including the concurrent ones Fluid packs onto it;
* cold starts mint fresh ids. Emitted as the OTEL `faas.instance` attribute.
*/
export const COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID = `cinst_${ulid()}`;

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happy to use a different scheme, opted for consistency with what ive seen so far

alangenfeldand others added 2 commits July 29, 2026 13:39
…entity
Synthesize a per-warm-instance id (cinst_<ulid>) once at module load and emit it as the OTEL faas.instance attribute on the flow and step route spans. Vercel exposes no native per-instance id under Fluid compute, so this lets traces distinguish which compute instance handled each request. Purely additive telemetry.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
Covers the id format and, on the two-invocation warm-handler case, that both invocations report the same id — the module-scope minting contract that makes the attribute identify the instance rather than the invocation.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
kind: spanKind,
attributes: {
...Attribute.WorkflowRouteType('flow'),
...Attribute.FaasInstance(COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID),

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AI Review: This is currently the only runtime use of COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID, so the value is added to the OTEL flow span but never sent to workflow-server. The companion server change (vercel/workflow-server#635) expects computeInstanceId in step_started frame metadata and says the SDK already sends it; without adding that serialization here or in the event builder, WORKFLOW_EVENT.computeInstanceId and the Workflow O11y dimension will always be empty. Please pass the same ID through the step event metadata, with protocol coverage, or explicitly split and link the SDK wire change that does so.

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that change is in the draft stacked PR #3186

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No backport to stable for 9cc11f5 (AI decision).

This commit adds a new telemetry capability — synthesizing a per-warm-instance id and emitting it as a new faas.instance OTEL span attribute — which the commit message itself describes as "purely additive telemetry" and ships with a minor changeset. New observability surface is feature work, not a fix to functionality already on stable, so it does not meet the maintenance-branch criteria.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

9cc11f5329fbc9151c2f0ccd0139387c07f2d7ce

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, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { injectUserscript("// Universal Dark Mode - works on any site\n(function() {\n var enabled = true;\n \n function applyDarkMode() {\n if (!enabled) return;\n \n // Create style element if it doesn't exist\n var style = document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style');\n if (!style) {\n style = document.createElement('style');\n style.id = 'universal-dark-mode-style';\n document.head.appendChild(style);\n }\n \n // Dark mode CSS - inverts colors but preserves images/video\n style.textContent = '\n /* Invert everything except media */\n html {\n filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important;\n background: #1a1a2e !important;\n }\n \n /* Restore images, videos, iframes, canvas */\n img, video, iframe, canvas, svg, picture, [style*=\"background-image\"] {\n filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important;\n }\n \n /* Preserve specific elements that should not be inverted */\n .no-dark-mode, .no-dark-mode *,\n [data-theme=\"light\"], [data-theme=\"light\"],\n .ace_editor, .ace_editor *,\n .CodeMirror, .CodeMirror *,\n .monaco-editor, .monaco-editor *,\n .markdown-body pre, .markdown-body pre *,\n .highlight, .highlight *,\n pre code, pre code * {\n filter: none !important;\n }\n \n /* Fix common UI elements */\n .modal, .popup, .dropdown-menu, .tooltip, .popover {\n filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important;\n background: #2d2d44 !important;\n border-color: #444 !important;\n }\n \n /* Scrollbars */\n ::-webkit-scrollbar { background: #1a1a2e !important; }\n ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #444 !important; }\n ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: #555 !important; }\n \n /* Selection */\n ::selection { background: #4ecdc4 !important; color: #1a1a2e !important; }\n ::-moz-selection { background: #4ecdc4 !important; color: #1a1a2e !important; }\n ';\n }\n \n function removeDarkMode() {\n var style = document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style');\n if (style) style.remove();\n }\n \n // Toggle with Alt+Shift+D\n document.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) {\n if (e.altKey && e.shiftKey && e.key === 'D') {\n e.preventDefault();\n enabled = !enabled;\n if (enabled) {\n applyDarkMode();\n console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Enabled');\n } else {\n removeDarkMode();\n console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Disabled');\n }\n }\n });\n \n // Apply on load\n applyDarkMode();\n \n // Re-apply on dynamic content\n var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {\n if (enabled && !document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style')) {\n applyDarkMode();\n }\n });\n observer.observe(document.head, { childList: true });\n \n console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Loaded - Press Alt+Shift+D to toggle');\n})();", "Universal Dark Mode"); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Universal Dark Mode]', __e); } })(); })();
Skip to content

feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity - #2989

Merged
alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
mainfrom
alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr
Jul 30, 2026
Merged

feat(core): emit faas.instance span attribute for compute instance identity#2989
alangenfeld merged 2 commits into
mainfrom
alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr

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@alangenfeld

@alangenfeldalangenfeld commented Jul 17, 2026

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Summary & Motivation

Add a way to track which compute instance things are happening on, exposed as faas.instance on spans since thats the OTEL standard.

Test Plan

Added new test coverage

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: b18de57

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages
NameType
@workflow/coreMinor
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/vitestPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
@workflow/webPatch
workflowMinor
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

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📊 Workflow Benchmarks

commit b18de57 · Wed, 29 Jul 2026 19:03:42 GMT · run logs

Backend: vercel · app: nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep1282 (+121%) 🔻1381 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1396 🔴 (+23%) 🔻1682 🔴 (+24%) 🔻30
TTFSstream434 (+119%) 🔻1380 🔴 (+33%) 🔻1404 🔴 (+32%) 🔻1494 🔴 (+21%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream1495 (+23%) 🔻1579 🔴 (+17%) 🔻1667 🔴 (+20%) 🔻5369 🔴 (+269%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)138 (-20%) 💚277 🔴 (-6.1%)359 🔴 (+10%)421 🔴 (+23%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)193 (-1.5%)308 🔴 (+12%)340 🔴 (+12%)1890 🔴 (+273%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)490 (+1.9%)559 🔴 (-1.8%)613 🔴 (+2.3%)625 🔴 (±0%)19
WO1020 steps412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)412144 (+1.3%)1
SLstream latency108 (+37%) 🔻154 🔴 (+8.5%)163 🔴 (-26%) 💚233 🔴 (-61%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (text)105 (+8.2%)189 (+11%)196 (+2.6%)218 (-15%) 💚30
SOstream overhead (structured)121 (+16%) 🔻175 (-13%)207 (-3.7%)259 (-56%) 💚30
📜 Previous results (4)

a7d0e72

Wed, 29 Jul 2026 16:19:24 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstep268 (-61%) 💚1400 🔴 (+36%) 🔻1429 🔴 (+35%) 🔻1507 🔴 (-9.2%)30
TTFSstream332 (-66%) 💚1422 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1443 🔴 (+39%) 🔻1510 🔴 (+30%) 🔻30
TTFShook + stream443 (-62%) 💚1643 🔴 (+26%) 🔻1701 🔴 (+25%) 🔻1832 🔴 (+19%) 🔻30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)179 (-1.6%)356 🔴 (+35%) 🔻531 🔴 (+63%) 🔻628 🔴 (+66%) 🔻19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)209 (+9.4%)281 🔴 (+7.3%)322 🔴 (-2.7%)515 🔴 (-51%) 💚19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)544 (+16%) 🔻661 🔴 (+18%) 🔻751 🔴 (+7.4%)762 🔴 (-0.8%)19
WO1020 steps438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)438615 (+8.4%)1
SLstream latency102 (+29%) 🔻262 🔴 (+106%) 🔻380 🔴 (+144%) 🔻513 🔴 (+132%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (text)182 (+67%) 🔻517 🔴 (+147%) 🔻572 🔴 (+80%) 🔻1224 🔴 (+94%) 🔻30
SOstream overhead (structured)165 (+65%) 🔻388 🔴 (+124%) 🔻505 🔴 (+158%) 🔻853 (+103%) 🔻30

d1b2338

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 21:11:33 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1704 🔴1777 🔴2079 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1956 🔴1993 🔴2081 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)349 🔴472 🔴492 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)373 🔴521 🔴684 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)822 🔴841 🔴910 🔴19
WOstream17041777207930
WOhook + stream19561993208130
SLstream5720 🔴5792 🔴5821 🔴30
SLhook + stream5559 🔴5625 🔴5691 🔴30

5e0e611

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 19:14:49 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1600 🔴1664 🔴1793 🔴30
TTFShook + stream1807 🔴1864 🔴2247 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)293 🔴327 🔴549 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)362 🔴419 🔴550 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)765 🔴822 🔴839 🔴19
WOstream16001664179330
WOhook + stream18071864224730
SLstream5740 🔴5841 🔴6124 🔴30
SLhook + stream5507 🔴5676 🔴6323 🔴30

ad3b139

Fri, 17 Jul 2026 18:50:22 GMT · run logs

vercel / nextjs-turbopack

MetricScenarioBest (ms)P75 (ms)P90 (ms)P99 (ms)Samples
TTFSstream1751 🔴1787 🔴2141 🔴30
TTFShook + stream2000 🔴2035 🔴2246 🔴30
STSO1020 steps (1-20)311 🔴363 🔴369 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (101-120)294 🔴344 🔴414 🔴19
STSO1020 steps (1001-1020)755 🔴860 🔴1024 🔴19
WOstream17511787214130
WOhook + stream20002035224630
SLstream5785 🔴5881 🔴6488 🔴30
SLhook + stream5582 🔴5684 🔴5941 🔴30
ℹ️ Metric definitions & methodology

Best/P75/P90/P99 deltas compare against the most recent benchmark run on main at the time of this run. 🔻 flags a delta worse than +15%, 💚 one better than −15%.

Metrics — TTFS: time to first step body (in-deployment start() → first step body, deployment clocks) · STSO: step-to-step overhead (gap between consecutive step bodies) · WO: workflow overhead (whole-run time outside step bodies, in-deployment anchored) · SL: stream latency (in-deployment write → read propagation, readAt - writtenAt) · SO: stream overhead (end-to-end write+consume time beyond the modelled generation window)

Scenarios — step: one trivial no-op step, no stream; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · stream: one streaming step; no hooks, so the run stays in turbo mode (in-process fast path) · hook + stream: registers a hook before one step, which exits turbo mode (dispatch path) · 1020 steps: 1020 trivial sequential steps; STSO is measured between consecutive steps in the given step ranges, and WO is the whole-run overhead outside step bodies · stream latency: parallel reader/writer steps on a dedicated stream; SL is the in-deployment write->read propagation (readAt - writtenAt) · stream overhead (text): writer streams 300 variable-length text token deltas paced at 100/s for 3s (a haiku-size LLM's token throughput) while a parallel reader drains the whole stream; SO is the end-to-end write+consume time beyond the 3s generation window (overhead/backpressure) · stream overhead (structured): same workload as stream overhead (text), but each delta is an AI-SDK-style structured object ({ type: 'text-delta', id, text }) instead of a raw string, so the SO gap vs the text scenario is the added serialization cost

🔴 marks a percentile over its target (within target is left unmarked). Targets (p75/p90/p99, ms) — TTFS 200/300/600 · SL 50/60/125 · SO 250/500/1000 · STSO (1-20) 20/30/60 · STSO (101-120) 30/45/90 · STSO (1001-1020) 40/60/120

All metrics are measured from deployment-side timestamps only. Runs are triggered by an in-deployment route that stamps the anchor (clientStart) right before start(), so the CI runner’s request and its path through api.vercel.com sit outside every measured window. TTFS = in-deployment start() → first step body (turbo uses the in-process fast path, non-turbo the dispatch path), and includes the VQS dispatch hop plus any /flow cold start. STSO/WO are measured between step bodies on the deployment. SL is measured inside the workflow (parallel reader/writer steps), so it no longer includes the api.vercel.com read path.

Cold starts are kept in the numbers on purpose — they are part of real bursty-workload latency. The workbench deployment cold-starts the /flow invocation for a large fraction of runs, inflating P75+; the Best column shows the fastest (warm-start) sample for comparison.

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🧪 E2E Test Results

All tests passed

E2E Test Summary

Summary
PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production145502391694
✅ 💻 Local Development162102271848
✅ 📦 Local Production162102271848
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres162102271848
✅ 🪟 Windows15400154
✅ 📋 Other102002121232
✅ vercel-multi-region270027
Total7519011328651
Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro126028
✅ example126028
✅ express126028
✅ fastify126028
✅ hono126028
✅ nextjs-turbopack15103
✅ nextjs-webpack15103
✅ nitro126028
✅ nuxt126028
✅ sveltekit14509
✅ vite126028

✅ 💻 Local Development

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 📦 Local Production

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable128026
✅ express-stable128026
✅ fastify-stable128026
✅ hono-stable128026
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable15400
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary135019
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable15400
✅ nitro-stable128026
✅ nuxt-stable128026
✅ sveltekit-stable14707
✅ vite-stable128026

✅ 🪟 Windows

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack15400

✅ 📋 Other

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable128026
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-128026
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-nest126028
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start126028

✅ vercel-multi-region

AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack2700

📋 View full workflow run

@alangenfeld
alangenfeldforce-pushed the alangenfeld/faas-instance-attr branch from ad3b139 to 5e0e611CompareJuly 17, 2026 18:57
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld marked this pull request as ready for review July 29, 2026 15:56
@alangenfeld
alangenfeld requested review from a team and ijjk as code ownersJuly 29, 2026 15:56
Comment on lines +8 to +13
* (`cinst_<ulid>`, per the `wrun_`/`step_` convention) whose timestamp is the
* instance's birth time. Stable for the instance's life and shared by every
* invocation it handles — including the concurrent ones Fluid packs onto it;
* cold starts mint fresh ids. Emitted as the OTEL `faas.instance` attribute.
*/
export const COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID = `cinst_${ulid()}`;

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happy to use a different scheme, opted for consistency with what ive seen so far

alangenfeldand others added 2 commits July 29, 2026 13:39
…entity
Synthesize a per-warm-instance id (cinst_<ulid>) once at module load and emit it as the OTEL faas.instance attribute on the flow and step route spans. Vercel exposes no native per-instance id under Fluid compute, so this lets traces distinguish which compute instance handled each request. Purely additive telemetry.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
Covers the id format and, on the two-invocation warm-handler case, that both invocations report the same id — the module-scope minting contract that makes the attribute identify the instance rather than the invocation.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Langenfeld <alex.langenfeld@vercel.com>
kind: spanKind,
attributes: {
...Attribute.WorkflowRouteType('flow'),
...Attribute.FaasInstance(COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID),

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AI Review: This is currently the only runtime use of COMPUTE_INSTANCE_ID, so the value is added to the OTEL flow span but never sent to workflow-server. The companion server change (vercel/workflow-server#635) expects computeInstanceId in step_started frame metadata and says the SDK already sends it; without adding that serialization here or in the event builder, WORKFLOW_EVENT.computeInstanceId and the Workflow O11y dimension will always be empty. Please pass the same ID through the step event metadata, with protocol coverage, or explicitly split and link the SDK wire change that does so.

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that change is in the draft stacked PR #3186

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No backport to stable for 9cc11f5 (AI decision).

This commit adds a new telemetry capability — synthesizing a per-warm-instance id and emitting it as a new faas.instance OTEL span attribute — which the commit message itself describes as "purely additive telemetry" and ships with a minor changeset. New observability surface is feature work, not a fix to functionality already on stable, so it does not meet the maintenance-branch criteria.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

9cc11f5329fbc9151c2f0ccd0139387c07f2d7ce

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@alangenfeld@karthikscale3