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Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types - #954

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TooTallNate merged 1 commit into
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nate/client-side-runid
Feb 8, 2026
Merged

Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types#954
TooTallNate merged 1 commit into
mainfrom
nate/client-side-runid

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Summary

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}), instead of deferring to the server
  • Passes client-generated runId to events.create() and verifies the server accepted it
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Removes the withResolvers<string>() / deferred runId pattern that was needed when runId was server-generated
  • Updates Streamer interface and WorkflowServerWritableStream to use plain string runId
  • Updates Storage.events.create() first overload to accept string | null instead of just null

This is a prerequisite for E2E encryption, where we need the runId before serialization so it can be used as part of the encryption context.

Test plan

All existing tests pass. Updated start.test.ts to expect client-generated runId, removed writable-stream.test.ts promise runId test (no longer applicable).

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CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings February 6, 2026 01:49
@changeset-bot

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: c9082c5

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages
NameType
@workflow/corePatch
@workflow/worldPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-localPatch
@workflow/world-postgresPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.031s (-8.0% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.033s (+31.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.972s101.07x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.159s (-27.5% 🟢)1.010s (~)0.851s105.08x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.501s (+342.2% 🔺)1.010s (~)0.508s1016.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.897s (+3.2%)2.803s (+13.8% 🔺)1.906s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.961s (+0.7%)2.859s (+3.9%)1.898s101.07x
▲ VercelNitro1.030s (+26.7% 🔺)2.630s (-0.9%)1.600s101.15x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.105s (~)2.005s (~)0.900s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.109s (+3.3%)2.006s (~)0.897s101.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.325s (-5.4% 🟢)3.014s (~)0.689s102.10x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.379s (-2.3%)3.014s (~)0.636s102.15x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.713s (~)4.146s (+3.3%)1.433s101.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.778s (~)3.981s (~)1.203s101.02x
▲ VercelNitro2.813s (+4.2%)4.122s (+2.9%)1.308s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express10.831s (~)11.022s (~)0.191s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.851s (+2.9%)11.022s (~)0.172s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro20.224s (-0.6%)21.059s (~)0.835s21.87x
🐘 PostgresExpress20.373s (~)21.057s (~)0.684s21.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express19.625s (-4.1%)21.007s (-5.3% 🟢)1.382s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)19.983s (-3.2%)21.787s (~)1.804s21.02x
▲ VercelNitro20.271s (-1.6%)21.301s (-5.7% 🟢)1.030s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express27.459s (~)28.051s (~)0.592s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro27.513s (+2.8%)28.053s (+3.7%)0.540s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro38.331s (-23.9% 🟢)38.595s (-24.5% 🟢)0.263s21.40x
🐘 PostgresExpress50.367s (~)51.120s (~)0.753s21.83x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express47.767s (-8.3% 🟢)50.065s (-6.5% 🟢)2.298s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)48.350s (-8.1% 🟢)49.826s (-8.3% 🟢)1.476s21.01x
▲ VercelNitro48.580s (-3.4%)50.301s (-4.1%)1.721s21.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express57.158s (~)58.106s (~)0.948s21.00x
💻 LocalNitro57.221s (+2.9%)58.102s (+3.6%)0.881s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro75.254s (-23.0% 🟢)76.177s (-22.4% 🟢)0.923s21.32x
🐘 PostgresExpress75.468s (-24.8% 🟢)75.670s (-25.2% 🟢)0.202s21.32x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro101.896s (+0.8%)103.003s (-0.9%)1.107s11.00x
▲ VercelExpress102.641s (-1.3%)104.584s (-1.4%)1.943s11.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)104.787s (-1.0%)106.421s (~)1.634s11.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.400s (-2.0%)2.005s (~)0.605s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.404s (+3.9%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.877s (-20.4% 🟢)2.320s (-23.0% 🟢)0.443s131.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.025s (-14.1% 🟢)2.515s (-16.5% 🟢)0.490s121.45x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.934s (+3.2%)4.357s (+2.7%)1.423s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.981s (-11.2% 🟢)4.576s (-8.9% 🟢)1.596s71.02x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.083s (+3.8%)4.661s (+12.0% 🔺)1.578s71.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.572s (-3.0%)3.007s (~)0.435s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.589s (+15.7% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.418s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro7.555s (-21.1% 🟢)8.039s (-17.8% 🟢)0.484s42.94x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.632s (+40.5% 🔺)11.366s (+41.6% 🔺)0.734s34.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.162s (-1.6%)4.571s (+5.8% 🔺)1.409s71.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.246s (~)4.685s (+1.9%)1.440s71.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.622s (+13.1% 🔺)5.743s (+29.5% 🔺)2.122s61.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.207s (-5.1% 🟢)8.024s (~)0.817s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.297s (+20.5% 🔺)8.024s (+21.2% 🔺)0.726s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro47.245s (+3.7%)48.122s (+4.3%)0.877s16.56x
🐘 PostgresExpress52.096s (+5.3% 🔺)53.123s (+5.9% 🔺)1.027s17.23x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro3.513s (-51.0% 🟢)5.418s (-37.6% 🟢)1.905s61.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.971s (-53.3% 🟢)6.069s (-40.0% 🟢)2.098s51.13x
▲ VercelExpress5.244s (+2.2%)6.580s (-4.7%)1.336s51.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.403s (-1.7%)2.004s (~)0.601s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.435s (+5.1% 🔺)2.005s (~)0.570s151.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.978s (-14.2% 🟢)2.154s (-23.9% 🟢)0.176s141.41x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.064s (-3.9%)2.680s (~)0.616s121.47x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.613s (-30.7% 🟢)4.034s (-23.3% 🟢)1.421s81.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.647s (-50.2% 🟢)4.064s (-40.3% 🟢)1.417s81.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.746s (-19.6% 🟢)4.177s (-8.5% 🟢)1.432s81.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.664s (-4.4%)3.007s (~)0.343s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.728s (+14.8% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.279s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.811s (+9.2% 🔺)11.370s (+9.7% 🔺)0.559s34.06x
🐘 PostgresExpress13.208s (+7.3% 🔺)13.369s (+5.3% 🔺)0.161s34.96x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.873s (-6.2% 🟢)4.139s (-3.2%)1.266s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.970s (-2.3%)4.248s (-2.1%)1.278s81.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.116s (+4.9%)4.393s (+1.6%)1.278s71.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.769s (-5.4% 🟢)8.017s (-11.1% 🟢)0.248s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.814s (+13.8% 🔺)8.020s (+11.2% 🔺)0.206s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro51.492s (-3.5%)52.138s (-3.7%)0.646s16.63x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.449s (+1.1%)54.121s (+1.9%)0.672s16.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.280s (-52.6% 🟢)5.036s (-38.2% 🟢)1.756s71.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.425s (-66.3% 🟢)4.705s (-61.1% 🟢)1.279s71.04x
▲ VercelNitro3.632s (-43.7% 🟢)5.099s (-34.2% 🟢)1.467s61.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.172s (-4.3%)1.002s (~)0.010s (-9.2% 🟢)1.015s (~)0.843s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.179s (+58.3% 🔺)1.002s (~)0.010s (+8.9% 🔺)1.015s (~)0.836s101.04x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.267s (-47.7% 🟢)1.772s (-32.3% 🟢)0.001s (~)2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)0.746s107.36x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.363s (-0.8%)1.755s (+5.4% 🔺)0.001s (~)2.013s (~)0.650s107.92x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.477s (-6.6% 🟢)3.341s (+3.7%)0.178s (-0.8%)4.412s (+3.3%)1.935s101.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.505s (-4.7%)3.213s (+3.1%)0.160s (-4.2%)4.161s (~)1.656s101.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.644s (-6.5% 🟢)3.137s (-2.5%)0.114s (-52.6% 🟢)4.167s (-4.3%)1.523s101.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalExpress12/12
🐘 PostgresNitro9/12
▲ VercelExpress7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express💻 Local10/12
Next.js (Turbopack)▲ Vercel12/12
Nitro💻 Local10/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Starter: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production490038528
✅ 💻 Local Development418062480
✅ 📦 Local Production418062480
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres418062480
✅ 🪟 Windows450348
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds2916312204
✅ 📋 Other123021144
Total19411632602364

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (163 failed)

mongodb (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

redis (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

starter (42 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

turso (41 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4404
✅ example4404
✅ express4404
✅ fastify4404
✅ hono4404
✅ nextjs-turbopack4701
✅ nextjs-webpack4701
✅ nitro4404
✅ nuxt4404
✅ sveltekit4404
✅ vite4404
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack4503
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev300
❌ mongodb5403
✅ redis-dev300
❌ redis5403
✅ starter-dev300
❌ starter3423
✅ turso-dev300
❌ turso4413
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4107

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

This pull request implements client-side runId generation as a prerequisite for the planned E2E encryption feature. It generates workflow run IDs using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}) in the start() function before serialization, eliminating the need for the deferred Promise<string> pattern that was previously used when runIds were server-generated.

Changes:

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using monotonic ULID factory before serialization
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Updates Storage.events.create() interface to accept string | null for the first overload (previously just null)

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 10 out of 10 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

Show a summary per file
FileDescription
packages/core/src/runtime/start.tsAdds client-side runId generation using ULID and verification that server accepted it; removes withResolvers pattern
packages/core/src/serialization.tsSimplifies runId parameter types from string | Promise<string> to string in all dehydrate/hydrate functions and stream classes
packages/core/src/runtime/start.test.tsUpdates mock to return client-provided runId and expects wrun_ prefix instead of null
packages/core/src/writable-stream.test.tsRemoves tests for Promise-based runId handling; updates error messages
packages/world/src/interfaces.tsUpdates Streamer methods and Storage.events.create() signature to use plain string runId
packages/world/src/events.tsUpdates comment for RunCreatedEventRequest
packages/world-vercel/src/events.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-postgres/src/storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-local/src/storage/events-storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
.opencode/plans/e2e-encryption-plan.mdAdds comprehensive E2E encryption implementation plan that relies on client-side runId generation

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@TooTallNateGraphite App

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@TooTallNate
TooTallNateforce-pushed the nate/client-side-runid branch from 49b2939 to c9082c5CompareFebruary 8, 2026 08:09
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate merged commit d9e9859 into mainFeb 8, 2026
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TooTallNate deleted the nate/client-side-runid branch February 8, 2026 08:27
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Generate `runId` client-side in `start()` and simplify streaming types by TooTallNate · Pull Request #954 · vercel/workflow · GitHub
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Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types - #954

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Feb 8, 2026
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Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types#954
TooTallNate merged 1 commit into
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Summary

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}), instead of deferring to the server
  • Passes client-generated runId to events.create() and verifies the server accepted it
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Removes the withResolvers<string>() / deferred runId pattern that was needed when runId was server-generated
  • Updates Streamer interface and WorkflowServerWritableStream to use plain string runId
  • Updates Storage.events.create() first overload to accept string | null instead of just null

This is a prerequisite for E2E encryption, where we need the runId before serialization so it can be used as part of the encryption context.

Test plan

All existing tests pass. Updated start.test.ts to expect client-generated runId, removed writable-stream.test.ts promise runId test (no longer applicable).

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CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings February 6, 2026 01:49
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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: c9082c5

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages
NameType
@workflow/corePatch
@workflow/worldPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-localPatch
@workflow/world-postgresPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.031s (-8.0% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.033s (+31.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.972s101.07x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.159s (-27.5% 🟢)1.010s (~)0.851s105.08x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.501s (+342.2% 🔺)1.010s (~)0.508s1016.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.897s (+3.2%)2.803s (+13.8% 🔺)1.906s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.961s (+0.7%)2.859s (+3.9%)1.898s101.07x
▲ VercelNitro1.030s (+26.7% 🔺)2.630s (-0.9%)1.600s101.15x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.105s (~)2.005s (~)0.900s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.109s (+3.3%)2.006s (~)0.897s101.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.325s (-5.4% 🟢)3.014s (~)0.689s102.10x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.379s (-2.3%)3.014s (~)0.636s102.15x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.713s (~)4.146s (+3.3%)1.433s101.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.778s (~)3.981s (~)1.203s101.02x
▲ VercelNitro2.813s (+4.2%)4.122s (+2.9%)1.308s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express10.831s (~)11.022s (~)0.191s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.851s (+2.9%)11.022s (~)0.172s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro20.224s (-0.6%)21.059s (~)0.835s21.87x
🐘 PostgresExpress20.373s (~)21.057s (~)0.684s21.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express19.625s (-4.1%)21.007s (-5.3% 🟢)1.382s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)19.983s (-3.2%)21.787s (~)1.804s21.02x
▲ VercelNitro20.271s (-1.6%)21.301s (-5.7% 🟢)1.030s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express27.459s (~)28.051s (~)0.592s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro27.513s (+2.8%)28.053s (+3.7%)0.540s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro38.331s (-23.9% 🟢)38.595s (-24.5% 🟢)0.263s21.40x
🐘 PostgresExpress50.367s (~)51.120s (~)0.753s21.83x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express47.767s (-8.3% 🟢)50.065s (-6.5% 🟢)2.298s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)48.350s (-8.1% 🟢)49.826s (-8.3% 🟢)1.476s21.01x
▲ VercelNitro48.580s (-3.4%)50.301s (-4.1%)1.721s21.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express57.158s (~)58.106s (~)0.948s21.00x
💻 LocalNitro57.221s (+2.9%)58.102s (+3.6%)0.881s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro75.254s (-23.0% 🟢)76.177s (-22.4% 🟢)0.923s21.32x
🐘 PostgresExpress75.468s (-24.8% 🟢)75.670s (-25.2% 🟢)0.202s21.32x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro101.896s (+0.8%)103.003s (-0.9%)1.107s11.00x
▲ VercelExpress102.641s (-1.3%)104.584s (-1.4%)1.943s11.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)104.787s (-1.0%)106.421s (~)1.634s11.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.400s (-2.0%)2.005s (~)0.605s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.404s (+3.9%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.877s (-20.4% 🟢)2.320s (-23.0% 🟢)0.443s131.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.025s (-14.1% 🟢)2.515s (-16.5% 🟢)0.490s121.45x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.934s (+3.2%)4.357s (+2.7%)1.423s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.981s (-11.2% 🟢)4.576s (-8.9% 🟢)1.596s71.02x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.083s (+3.8%)4.661s (+12.0% 🔺)1.578s71.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.572s (-3.0%)3.007s (~)0.435s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.589s (+15.7% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.418s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro7.555s (-21.1% 🟢)8.039s (-17.8% 🟢)0.484s42.94x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.632s (+40.5% 🔺)11.366s (+41.6% 🔺)0.734s34.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.162s (-1.6%)4.571s (+5.8% 🔺)1.409s71.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.246s (~)4.685s (+1.9%)1.440s71.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.622s (+13.1% 🔺)5.743s (+29.5% 🔺)2.122s61.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.207s (-5.1% 🟢)8.024s (~)0.817s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.297s (+20.5% 🔺)8.024s (+21.2% 🔺)0.726s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro47.245s (+3.7%)48.122s (+4.3%)0.877s16.56x
🐘 PostgresExpress52.096s (+5.3% 🔺)53.123s (+5.9% 🔺)1.027s17.23x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro3.513s (-51.0% 🟢)5.418s (-37.6% 🟢)1.905s61.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.971s (-53.3% 🟢)6.069s (-40.0% 🟢)2.098s51.13x
▲ VercelExpress5.244s (+2.2%)6.580s (-4.7%)1.336s51.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.403s (-1.7%)2.004s (~)0.601s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.435s (+5.1% 🔺)2.005s (~)0.570s151.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.978s (-14.2% 🟢)2.154s (-23.9% 🟢)0.176s141.41x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.064s (-3.9%)2.680s (~)0.616s121.47x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.613s (-30.7% 🟢)4.034s (-23.3% 🟢)1.421s81.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.647s (-50.2% 🟢)4.064s (-40.3% 🟢)1.417s81.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.746s (-19.6% 🟢)4.177s (-8.5% 🟢)1.432s81.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.664s (-4.4%)3.007s (~)0.343s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.728s (+14.8% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.279s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.811s (+9.2% 🔺)11.370s (+9.7% 🔺)0.559s34.06x
🐘 PostgresExpress13.208s (+7.3% 🔺)13.369s (+5.3% 🔺)0.161s34.96x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.873s (-6.2% 🟢)4.139s (-3.2%)1.266s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.970s (-2.3%)4.248s (-2.1%)1.278s81.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.116s (+4.9%)4.393s (+1.6%)1.278s71.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.769s (-5.4% 🟢)8.017s (-11.1% 🟢)0.248s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.814s (+13.8% 🔺)8.020s (+11.2% 🔺)0.206s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro51.492s (-3.5%)52.138s (-3.7%)0.646s16.63x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.449s (+1.1%)54.121s (+1.9%)0.672s16.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.280s (-52.6% 🟢)5.036s (-38.2% 🟢)1.756s71.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.425s (-66.3% 🟢)4.705s (-61.1% 🟢)1.279s71.04x
▲ VercelNitro3.632s (-43.7% 🟢)5.099s (-34.2% 🟢)1.467s61.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.172s (-4.3%)1.002s (~)0.010s (-9.2% 🟢)1.015s (~)0.843s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.179s (+58.3% 🔺)1.002s (~)0.010s (+8.9% 🔺)1.015s (~)0.836s101.04x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.267s (-47.7% 🟢)1.772s (-32.3% 🟢)0.001s (~)2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)0.746s107.36x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.363s (-0.8%)1.755s (+5.4% 🔺)0.001s (~)2.013s (~)0.650s107.92x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.477s (-6.6% 🟢)3.341s (+3.7%)0.178s (-0.8%)4.412s (+3.3%)1.935s101.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.505s (-4.7%)3.213s (+3.1%)0.160s (-4.2%)4.161s (~)1.656s101.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.644s (-6.5% 🟢)3.137s (-2.5%)0.114s (-52.6% 🟢)4.167s (-4.3%)1.523s101.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalExpress12/12
🐘 PostgresNitro9/12
▲ VercelExpress7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express💻 Local10/12
Next.js (Turbopack)▲ Vercel12/12
Nitro💻 Local10/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Starter: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production490038528
✅ 💻 Local Development418062480
✅ 📦 Local Production418062480
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres418062480
✅ 🪟 Windows450348
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds2916312204
✅ 📋 Other123021144
Total19411632602364

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (163 failed)

mongodb (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

redis (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

starter (42 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

turso (41 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4404
✅ example4404
✅ express4404
✅ fastify4404
✅ hono4404
✅ nextjs-turbopack4701
✅ nextjs-webpack4701
✅ nitro4404
✅ nuxt4404
✅ sveltekit4404
✅ vite4404
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack4503
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev300
❌ mongodb5403
✅ redis-dev300
❌ redis5403
✅ starter-dev300
❌ starter3423
✅ turso-dev300
❌ turso4413
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4107

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

This pull request implements client-side runId generation as a prerequisite for the planned E2E encryption feature. It generates workflow run IDs using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}) in the start() function before serialization, eliminating the need for the deferred Promise<string> pattern that was previously used when runIds were server-generated.

Changes:

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using monotonic ULID factory before serialization
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Updates Storage.events.create() interface to accept string | null for the first overload (previously just null)

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 10 out of 10 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

Show a summary per file
FileDescription
packages/core/src/runtime/start.tsAdds client-side runId generation using ULID and verification that server accepted it; removes withResolvers pattern
packages/core/src/serialization.tsSimplifies runId parameter types from string | Promise<string> to string in all dehydrate/hydrate functions and stream classes
packages/core/src/runtime/start.test.tsUpdates mock to return client-provided runId and expects wrun_ prefix instead of null
packages/core/src/writable-stream.test.tsRemoves tests for Promise-based runId handling; updates error messages
packages/world/src/interfaces.tsUpdates Streamer methods and Storage.events.create() signature to use plain string runId
packages/world/src/events.tsUpdates comment for RunCreatedEventRequest
packages/world-vercel/src/events.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-postgres/src/storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-local/src/storage/events-storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
.opencode/plans/e2e-encryption-plan.mdAdds comprehensive E2E encryption implementation plan that relies on client-side runId generation

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@TooTallNateGraphite App

TooTallNate commented Feb 6, 2026

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@TooTallNate
TooTallNateforce-pushed the nate/client-side-runid branch from 49b2939 to c9082c5CompareFebruary 8, 2026 08:09
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate merged commit d9e9859 into mainFeb 8, 2026
152 of 153 checks passed
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate deleted the nate/client-side-runid branch February 8, 2026 08:27
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@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { // Force GitHub README to respect dark mode (function() { var style = document.createElement('style'); style.textContent = ' .markdown-body { color-scheme: dark light; } .markdown-body pre { background: #161b22 !important; } .markdown-body code { background: rgba(110, 118, 129, 0.4) !important; } .markdown-body table th, .markdown-body table td { border-color: #30363d !important; } .markdown-body img { background: #0d1117; } .markdown-body blockquote { border-left-color: #8b949e; } .markdown-body hr { border-color: #30363d; } '; document.head.appendChild(style); })(); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:GitHub Dark Mode README Fix]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + ' Generate `runId` client-side in `start()` and simplify streaming types by TooTallNate · Pull Request #954 · vercel/workflow · GitHub
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Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types - #954

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nate/client-side-runid
Feb 8, 2026
Merged

Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types#954
TooTallNate merged 1 commit into
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nate/client-side-runid

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Summary

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}), instead of deferring to the server
  • Passes client-generated runId to events.create() and verifies the server accepted it
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Removes the withResolvers<string>() / deferred runId pattern that was needed when runId was server-generated
  • Updates Streamer interface and WorkflowServerWritableStream to use plain string runId
  • Updates Storage.events.create() first overload to accept string | null instead of just null

This is a prerequisite for E2E encryption, where we need the runId before serialization so it can be used as part of the encryption context.

Test plan

All existing tests pass. Updated start.test.ts to expect client-generated runId, removed writable-stream.test.ts promise runId test (no longer applicable).

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CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings February 6, 2026 01:49
@changeset-bot

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: c9082c5

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages
NameType
@workflow/corePatch
@workflow/worldPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-localPatch
@workflow/world-postgresPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.031s (-8.0% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.033s (+31.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.972s101.07x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.159s (-27.5% 🟢)1.010s (~)0.851s105.08x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.501s (+342.2% 🔺)1.010s (~)0.508s1016.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.897s (+3.2%)2.803s (+13.8% 🔺)1.906s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.961s (+0.7%)2.859s (+3.9%)1.898s101.07x
▲ VercelNitro1.030s (+26.7% 🔺)2.630s (-0.9%)1.600s101.15x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.105s (~)2.005s (~)0.900s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.109s (+3.3%)2.006s (~)0.897s101.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.325s (-5.4% 🟢)3.014s (~)0.689s102.10x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.379s (-2.3%)3.014s (~)0.636s102.15x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.713s (~)4.146s (+3.3%)1.433s101.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.778s (~)3.981s (~)1.203s101.02x
▲ VercelNitro2.813s (+4.2%)4.122s (+2.9%)1.308s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express10.831s (~)11.022s (~)0.191s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.851s (+2.9%)11.022s (~)0.172s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro20.224s (-0.6%)21.059s (~)0.835s21.87x
🐘 PostgresExpress20.373s (~)21.057s (~)0.684s21.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express19.625s (-4.1%)21.007s (-5.3% 🟢)1.382s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)19.983s (-3.2%)21.787s (~)1.804s21.02x
▲ VercelNitro20.271s (-1.6%)21.301s (-5.7% 🟢)1.030s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express27.459s (~)28.051s (~)0.592s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro27.513s (+2.8%)28.053s (+3.7%)0.540s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro38.331s (-23.9% 🟢)38.595s (-24.5% 🟢)0.263s21.40x
🐘 PostgresExpress50.367s (~)51.120s (~)0.753s21.83x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express47.767s (-8.3% 🟢)50.065s (-6.5% 🟢)2.298s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)48.350s (-8.1% 🟢)49.826s (-8.3% 🟢)1.476s21.01x
▲ VercelNitro48.580s (-3.4%)50.301s (-4.1%)1.721s21.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express57.158s (~)58.106s (~)0.948s21.00x
💻 LocalNitro57.221s (+2.9%)58.102s (+3.6%)0.881s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro75.254s (-23.0% 🟢)76.177s (-22.4% 🟢)0.923s21.32x
🐘 PostgresExpress75.468s (-24.8% 🟢)75.670s (-25.2% 🟢)0.202s21.32x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro101.896s (+0.8%)103.003s (-0.9%)1.107s11.00x
▲ VercelExpress102.641s (-1.3%)104.584s (-1.4%)1.943s11.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)104.787s (-1.0%)106.421s (~)1.634s11.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.400s (-2.0%)2.005s (~)0.605s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.404s (+3.9%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.877s (-20.4% 🟢)2.320s (-23.0% 🟢)0.443s131.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.025s (-14.1% 🟢)2.515s (-16.5% 🟢)0.490s121.45x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.934s (+3.2%)4.357s (+2.7%)1.423s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.981s (-11.2% 🟢)4.576s (-8.9% 🟢)1.596s71.02x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.083s (+3.8%)4.661s (+12.0% 🔺)1.578s71.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.572s (-3.0%)3.007s (~)0.435s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.589s (+15.7% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.418s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro7.555s (-21.1% 🟢)8.039s (-17.8% 🟢)0.484s42.94x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.632s (+40.5% 🔺)11.366s (+41.6% 🔺)0.734s34.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.162s (-1.6%)4.571s (+5.8% 🔺)1.409s71.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.246s (~)4.685s (+1.9%)1.440s71.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.622s (+13.1% 🔺)5.743s (+29.5% 🔺)2.122s61.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.207s (-5.1% 🟢)8.024s (~)0.817s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.297s (+20.5% 🔺)8.024s (+21.2% 🔺)0.726s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro47.245s (+3.7%)48.122s (+4.3%)0.877s16.56x
🐘 PostgresExpress52.096s (+5.3% 🔺)53.123s (+5.9% 🔺)1.027s17.23x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro3.513s (-51.0% 🟢)5.418s (-37.6% 🟢)1.905s61.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.971s (-53.3% 🟢)6.069s (-40.0% 🟢)2.098s51.13x
▲ VercelExpress5.244s (+2.2%)6.580s (-4.7%)1.336s51.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.403s (-1.7%)2.004s (~)0.601s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.435s (+5.1% 🔺)2.005s (~)0.570s151.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.978s (-14.2% 🟢)2.154s (-23.9% 🟢)0.176s141.41x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.064s (-3.9%)2.680s (~)0.616s121.47x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.613s (-30.7% 🟢)4.034s (-23.3% 🟢)1.421s81.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.647s (-50.2% 🟢)4.064s (-40.3% 🟢)1.417s81.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.746s (-19.6% 🟢)4.177s (-8.5% 🟢)1.432s81.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.664s (-4.4%)3.007s (~)0.343s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.728s (+14.8% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.279s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.811s (+9.2% 🔺)11.370s (+9.7% 🔺)0.559s34.06x
🐘 PostgresExpress13.208s (+7.3% 🔺)13.369s (+5.3% 🔺)0.161s34.96x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.873s (-6.2% 🟢)4.139s (-3.2%)1.266s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.970s (-2.3%)4.248s (-2.1%)1.278s81.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.116s (+4.9%)4.393s (+1.6%)1.278s71.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.769s (-5.4% 🟢)8.017s (-11.1% 🟢)0.248s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.814s (+13.8% 🔺)8.020s (+11.2% 🔺)0.206s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro51.492s (-3.5%)52.138s (-3.7%)0.646s16.63x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.449s (+1.1%)54.121s (+1.9%)0.672s16.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.280s (-52.6% 🟢)5.036s (-38.2% 🟢)1.756s71.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.425s (-66.3% 🟢)4.705s (-61.1% 🟢)1.279s71.04x
▲ VercelNitro3.632s (-43.7% 🟢)5.099s (-34.2% 🟢)1.467s61.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.172s (-4.3%)1.002s (~)0.010s (-9.2% 🟢)1.015s (~)0.843s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.179s (+58.3% 🔺)1.002s (~)0.010s (+8.9% 🔺)1.015s (~)0.836s101.04x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.267s (-47.7% 🟢)1.772s (-32.3% 🟢)0.001s (~)2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)0.746s107.36x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.363s (-0.8%)1.755s (+5.4% 🔺)0.001s (~)2.013s (~)0.650s107.92x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.477s (-6.6% 🟢)3.341s (+3.7%)0.178s (-0.8%)4.412s (+3.3%)1.935s101.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.505s (-4.7%)3.213s (+3.1%)0.160s (-4.2%)4.161s (~)1.656s101.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.644s (-6.5% 🟢)3.137s (-2.5%)0.114s (-52.6% 🟢)4.167s (-4.3%)1.523s101.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalExpress12/12
🐘 PostgresNitro9/12
▲ VercelExpress7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express💻 Local10/12
Next.js (Turbopack)▲ Vercel12/12
Nitro💻 Local10/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Starter: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production490038528
✅ 💻 Local Development418062480
✅ 📦 Local Production418062480
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres418062480
✅ 🪟 Windows450348
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds2916312204
✅ 📋 Other123021144
Total19411632602364

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (163 failed)

mongodb (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

redis (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

starter (42 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

turso (41 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4404
✅ example4404
✅ express4404
✅ fastify4404
✅ hono4404
✅ nextjs-turbopack4701
✅ nextjs-webpack4701
✅ nitro4404
✅ nuxt4404
✅ sveltekit4404
✅ vite4404
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack4503
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev300
❌ mongodb5403
✅ redis-dev300
❌ redis5403
✅ starter-dev300
❌ starter3423
✅ turso-dev300
❌ turso4413
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4107

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Pull request overview

This pull request implements client-side runId generation as a prerequisite for the planned E2E encryption feature. It generates workflow run IDs using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}) in the start() function before serialization, eliminating the need for the deferred Promise<string> pattern that was previously used when runIds were server-generated.

Changes:

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using monotonic ULID factory before serialization
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Updates Storage.events.create() interface to accept string | null for the first overload (previously just null)

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 10 out of 10 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

Show a summary per file
FileDescription
packages/core/src/runtime/start.tsAdds client-side runId generation using ULID and verification that server accepted it; removes withResolvers pattern
packages/core/src/serialization.tsSimplifies runId parameter types from string | Promise<string> to string in all dehydrate/hydrate functions and stream classes
packages/core/src/runtime/start.test.tsUpdates mock to return client-provided runId and expects wrun_ prefix instead of null
packages/core/src/writable-stream.test.tsRemoves tests for Promise-based runId handling; updates error messages
packages/world/src/interfaces.tsUpdates Streamer methods and Storage.events.create() signature to use plain string runId
packages/world/src/events.tsUpdates comment for RunCreatedEventRequest
packages/world-vercel/src/events.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-postgres/src/storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-local/src/storage/events-storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
.opencode/plans/e2e-encryption-plan.mdAdds comprehensive E2E encryption implementation plan that relies on client-side runId generation

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@TooTallNateGraphite App

TooTallNate commented Feb 6, 2026

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@TooTallNate
TooTallNateforce-pushed the nate/client-side-runid branch from 49b2939 to c9082c5CompareFebruary 8, 2026 08:09
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate merged commit d9e9859 into mainFeb 8, 2026
152 of 153 checks passed
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate deleted the nate/client-side-runid branch February 8, 2026 08:27
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@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { // Highlight search terms from Google/DuckDuckGo/Bing referrer (function() { var ref = document.referrer; var terms = []; if (ref.includes('google.com') || ref.includes('duckduckgo.com') || ref.includes('bing.com')) { var url = new URL(ref); var q = url.searchParams.get('q') || url.searchParams.get('p'); if (q) { terms = q.split(/\s+/).filter(function(t) { return t.length > 2; }); } } if (terms.length === 0) return; var style = document.createElement('style'); style.textContent = '.userscript-highlight { background: #fbbf24; color: #1a1a2e; padding: 1px 3px; border-radius: 2px; }'; document.head.appendChild(style); function highlight(node) { if (node.nodeType === 3) { // text node var text = node.textContent; var found = false; terms.forEach(function(term) { var regex = new RegExp('(' + term.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\') + ')', 'gi'); if (regex.test(text)) { found = true; var frag = document.createDocumentFragment(); var parts = text.split(regex); parts.forEach(function(part, i) { if (i % 2 === 0) { frag.appendChild(document.createTextNode(part)); } else { var span = document.createElement('span'); span.className = 'userscript-highlight'; span.textContent = part; frag.appendChild(span); } }); node.parentNode.replaceChild(frag, node); } }); } else if (node.nodeType === 1 && node.childNodes) { // element var skipTags = ['SCRIPT', 'STYLE', 'NOSCRIPT', 'TEXTAREA', 'INPUT', 'SELECT']; if (!skipTags.includes(node.tagName)) { Array.from(node.childNodes).forEach(highlight); } } } highlight(document.body); // Re-highlight on dynamic content var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) { mutations.forEach(function(m) { m.addedNodes.forEach(function(node) { if (node.nodeType === 1 || node.nodeType === 3) highlight(node); }); }); }); observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true }); })(); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Highlight Search Terms]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + ' Generate `runId` client-side in `start()` and simplify streaming types by TooTallNate · Pull Request #954 · vercel/workflow · GitHub
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Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types - #954

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TooTallNate merged 1 commit into
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nate/client-side-runid
Feb 8, 2026
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Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types#954
TooTallNate merged 1 commit into
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nate/client-side-runid

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Summary

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}), instead of deferring to the server
  • Passes client-generated runId to events.create() and verifies the server accepted it
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Removes the withResolvers<string>() / deferred runId pattern that was needed when runId was server-generated
  • Updates Streamer interface and WorkflowServerWritableStream to use plain string runId
  • Updates Storage.events.create() first overload to accept string | null instead of just null

This is a prerequisite for E2E encryption, where we need the runId before serialization so it can be used as part of the encryption context.

Test plan

All existing tests pass. Updated start.test.ts to expect client-generated runId, removed writable-stream.test.ts promise runId test (no longer applicable).

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CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings February 6, 2026 01:49
@changeset-bot

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: c9082c5

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages
NameType
@workflow/corePatch
@workflow/worldPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-localPatch
@workflow/world-postgresPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.031s (-8.0% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.033s (+31.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.972s101.07x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.159s (-27.5% 🟢)1.010s (~)0.851s105.08x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.501s (+342.2% 🔺)1.010s (~)0.508s1016.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.897s (+3.2%)2.803s (+13.8% 🔺)1.906s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.961s (+0.7%)2.859s (+3.9%)1.898s101.07x
▲ VercelNitro1.030s (+26.7% 🔺)2.630s (-0.9%)1.600s101.15x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.105s (~)2.005s (~)0.900s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.109s (+3.3%)2.006s (~)0.897s101.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.325s (-5.4% 🟢)3.014s (~)0.689s102.10x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.379s (-2.3%)3.014s (~)0.636s102.15x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.713s (~)4.146s (+3.3%)1.433s101.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.778s (~)3.981s (~)1.203s101.02x
▲ VercelNitro2.813s (+4.2%)4.122s (+2.9%)1.308s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express10.831s (~)11.022s (~)0.191s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.851s (+2.9%)11.022s (~)0.172s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro20.224s (-0.6%)21.059s (~)0.835s21.87x
🐘 PostgresExpress20.373s (~)21.057s (~)0.684s21.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express19.625s (-4.1%)21.007s (-5.3% 🟢)1.382s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)19.983s (-3.2%)21.787s (~)1.804s21.02x
▲ VercelNitro20.271s (-1.6%)21.301s (-5.7% 🟢)1.030s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express27.459s (~)28.051s (~)0.592s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro27.513s (+2.8%)28.053s (+3.7%)0.540s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro38.331s (-23.9% 🟢)38.595s (-24.5% 🟢)0.263s21.40x
🐘 PostgresExpress50.367s (~)51.120s (~)0.753s21.83x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express47.767s (-8.3% 🟢)50.065s (-6.5% 🟢)2.298s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)48.350s (-8.1% 🟢)49.826s (-8.3% 🟢)1.476s21.01x
▲ VercelNitro48.580s (-3.4%)50.301s (-4.1%)1.721s21.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express57.158s (~)58.106s (~)0.948s21.00x
💻 LocalNitro57.221s (+2.9%)58.102s (+3.6%)0.881s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro75.254s (-23.0% 🟢)76.177s (-22.4% 🟢)0.923s21.32x
🐘 PostgresExpress75.468s (-24.8% 🟢)75.670s (-25.2% 🟢)0.202s21.32x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro101.896s (+0.8%)103.003s (-0.9%)1.107s11.00x
▲ VercelExpress102.641s (-1.3%)104.584s (-1.4%)1.943s11.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)104.787s (-1.0%)106.421s (~)1.634s11.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.400s (-2.0%)2.005s (~)0.605s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.404s (+3.9%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.877s (-20.4% 🟢)2.320s (-23.0% 🟢)0.443s131.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.025s (-14.1% 🟢)2.515s (-16.5% 🟢)0.490s121.45x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.934s (+3.2%)4.357s (+2.7%)1.423s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.981s (-11.2% 🟢)4.576s (-8.9% 🟢)1.596s71.02x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.083s (+3.8%)4.661s (+12.0% 🔺)1.578s71.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.572s (-3.0%)3.007s (~)0.435s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.589s (+15.7% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.418s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro7.555s (-21.1% 🟢)8.039s (-17.8% 🟢)0.484s42.94x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.632s (+40.5% 🔺)11.366s (+41.6% 🔺)0.734s34.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.162s (-1.6%)4.571s (+5.8% 🔺)1.409s71.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.246s (~)4.685s (+1.9%)1.440s71.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.622s (+13.1% 🔺)5.743s (+29.5% 🔺)2.122s61.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.207s (-5.1% 🟢)8.024s (~)0.817s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.297s (+20.5% 🔺)8.024s (+21.2% 🔺)0.726s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro47.245s (+3.7%)48.122s (+4.3%)0.877s16.56x
🐘 PostgresExpress52.096s (+5.3% 🔺)53.123s (+5.9% 🔺)1.027s17.23x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro3.513s (-51.0% 🟢)5.418s (-37.6% 🟢)1.905s61.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.971s (-53.3% 🟢)6.069s (-40.0% 🟢)2.098s51.13x
▲ VercelExpress5.244s (+2.2%)6.580s (-4.7%)1.336s51.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.403s (-1.7%)2.004s (~)0.601s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.435s (+5.1% 🔺)2.005s (~)0.570s151.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.978s (-14.2% 🟢)2.154s (-23.9% 🟢)0.176s141.41x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.064s (-3.9%)2.680s (~)0.616s121.47x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.613s (-30.7% 🟢)4.034s (-23.3% 🟢)1.421s81.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.647s (-50.2% 🟢)4.064s (-40.3% 🟢)1.417s81.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.746s (-19.6% 🟢)4.177s (-8.5% 🟢)1.432s81.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.664s (-4.4%)3.007s (~)0.343s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.728s (+14.8% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.279s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.811s (+9.2% 🔺)11.370s (+9.7% 🔺)0.559s34.06x
🐘 PostgresExpress13.208s (+7.3% 🔺)13.369s (+5.3% 🔺)0.161s34.96x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.873s (-6.2% 🟢)4.139s (-3.2%)1.266s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.970s (-2.3%)4.248s (-2.1%)1.278s81.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.116s (+4.9%)4.393s (+1.6%)1.278s71.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.769s (-5.4% 🟢)8.017s (-11.1% 🟢)0.248s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.814s (+13.8% 🔺)8.020s (+11.2% 🔺)0.206s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro51.492s (-3.5%)52.138s (-3.7%)0.646s16.63x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.449s (+1.1%)54.121s (+1.9%)0.672s16.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.280s (-52.6% 🟢)5.036s (-38.2% 🟢)1.756s71.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.425s (-66.3% 🟢)4.705s (-61.1% 🟢)1.279s71.04x
▲ VercelNitro3.632s (-43.7% 🟢)5.099s (-34.2% 🟢)1.467s61.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.172s (-4.3%)1.002s (~)0.010s (-9.2% 🟢)1.015s (~)0.843s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.179s (+58.3% 🔺)1.002s (~)0.010s (+8.9% 🔺)1.015s (~)0.836s101.04x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.267s (-47.7% 🟢)1.772s (-32.3% 🟢)0.001s (~)2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)0.746s107.36x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.363s (-0.8%)1.755s (+5.4% 🔺)0.001s (~)2.013s (~)0.650s107.92x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.477s (-6.6% 🟢)3.341s (+3.7%)0.178s (-0.8%)4.412s (+3.3%)1.935s101.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.505s (-4.7%)3.213s (+3.1%)0.160s (-4.2%)4.161s (~)1.656s101.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.644s (-6.5% 🟢)3.137s (-2.5%)0.114s (-52.6% 🟢)4.167s (-4.3%)1.523s101.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalExpress12/12
🐘 PostgresNitro9/12
▲ VercelExpress7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express💻 Local10/12
Next.js (Turbopack)▲ Vercel12/12
Nitro💻 Local10/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Starter: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production490038528
✅ 💻 Local Development418062480
✅ 📦 Local Production418062480
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres418062480
✅ 🪟 Windows450348
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds2916312204
✅ 📋 Other123021144
Total19411632602364

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (163 failed)

mongodb (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

redis (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

starter (42 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

turso (41 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4404
✅ example4404
✅ express4404
✅ fastify4404
✅ hono4404
✅ nextjs-turbopack4701
✅ nextjs-webpack4701
✅ nitro4404
✅ nuxt4404
✅ sveltekit4404
✅ vite4404
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack4503
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev300
❌ mongodb5403
✅ redis-dev300
❌ redis5403
✅ starter-dev300
❌ starter3423
✅ turso-dev300
❌ turso4413
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4107

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

This pull request implements client-side runId generation as a prerequisite for the planned E2E encryption feature. It generates workflow run IDs using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}) in the start() function before serialization, eliminating the need for the deferred Promise<string> pattern that was previously used when runIds were server-generated.

Changes:

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using monotonic ULID factory before serialization
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Updates Storage.events.create() interface to accept string | null for the first overload (previously just null)

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 10 out of 10 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

Show a summary per file
FileDescription
packages/core/src/runtime/start.tsAdds client-side runId generation using ULID and verification that server accepted it; removes withResolvers pattern
packages/core/src/serialization.tsSimplifies runId parameter types from string | Promise<string> to string in all dehydrate/hydrate functions and stream classes
packages/core/src/runtime/start.test.tsUpdates mock to return client-provided runId and expects wrun_ prefix instead of null
packages/core/src/writable-stream.test.tsRemoves tests for Promise-based runId handling; updates error messages
packages/world/src/interfaces.tsUpdates Streamer methods and Storage.events.create() signature to use plain string runId
packages/world/src/events.tsUpdates comment for RunCreatedEventRequest
packages/world-vercel/src/events.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-postgres/src/storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-local/src/storage/events-storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
.opencode/plans/e2e-encryption-plan.mdAdds comprehensive E2E encryption implementation plan that relies on client-side runId generation

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@TooTallNateGraphite App

TooTallNate commented Feb 6, 2026

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@TooTallNate
TooTallNateforce-pushed the nate/client-side-runid branch from 49b2939 to c9082c5CompareFebruary 8, 2026 08:09
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate merged commit d9e9859 into mainFeb 8, 2026
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TooTallNate deleted the nate/client-side-runid branch February 8, 2026 08:27
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@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { // Strip utm_, fbclid, gclid, etc. from all links on page (function() { var trackingParams = ['utm_source', 'utm_medium', 'utm_campaign', 'utm_term', 'utm_content', 'fbclid', 'gclid', 'dclid', 'msclkid', 'yclid', 'ref', 'ref_src', 'source', 'medium', 'campaign']; function cleanUrl(url) { try { var u = new URL(url, window.location.origin); var changed = false; trackingParams.forEach(function(p) { if (u.searchParams.has(p)) { u.searchParams.delete(p); changed = true; } }); return changed ? u.toString() : url; } catch (e) { return url; } } function cleanLinks() { document.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a) { var clean = cleanUrl(a.href); if (clean !== a.href) a.href = clean; }); } cleanLinks(); var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) { mutations.forEach(function(m) { m.addedNodes.forEach(function(node) { if (node.nodeType === 1) { if (node.tagName === 'A') cleanLinks(); node.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a) { var clean = cleanUrl(a.href); if (clean !== a.href) a.href = clean; }); } }); }); }); observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true }); })(); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Remove Tracking Parameters from Links]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "youtube.com"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + "youtube\\.com" + ' Generate `runId` client-side in `start()` and simplify streaming types by TooTallNate · Pull Request #954 · vercel/workflow · GitHub
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Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types - #954

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nate/client-side-runid
Feb 8, 2026
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Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types#954
TooTallNate merged 1 commit into
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nate/client-side-runid

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Summary

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}), instead of deferring to the server
  • Passes client-generated runId to events.create() and verifies the server accepted it
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Removes the withResolvers<string>() / deferred runId pattern that was needed when runId was server-generated
  • Updates Streamer interface and WorkflowServerWritableStream to use plain string runId
  • Updates Storage.events.create() first overload to accept string | null instead of just null

This is a prerequisite for E2E encryption, where we need the runId before serialization so it can be used as part of the encryption context.

Test plan

All existing tests pass. Updated start.test.ts to expect client-generated runId, removed writable-stream.test.ts promise runId test (no longer applicable).

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CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings February 6, 2026 01:49
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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: c9082c5

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages
NameType
@workflow/corePatch
@workflow/worldPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-localPatch
@workflow/world-postgresPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.031s (-8.0% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.033s (+31.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.972s101.07x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.159s (-27.5% 🟢)1.010s (~)0.851s105.08x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.501s (+342.2% 🔺)1.010s (~)0.508s1016.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.897s (+3.2%)2.803s (+13.8% 🔺)1.906s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.961s (+0.7%)2.859s (+3.9%)1.898s101.07x
▲ VercelNitro1.030s (+26.7% 🔺)2.630s (-0.9%)1.600s101.15x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.105s (~)2.005s (~)0.900s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.109s (+3.3%)2.006s (~)0.897s101.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.325s (-5.4% 🟢)3.014s (~)0.689s102.10x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.379s (-2.3%)3.014s (~)0.636s102.15x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.713s (~)4.146s (+3.3%)1.433s101.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.778s (~)3.981s (~)1.203s101.02x
▲ VercelNitro2.813s (+4.2%)4.122s (+2.9%)1.308s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express10.831s (~)11.022s (~)0.191s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.851s (+2.9%)11.022s (~)0.172s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro20.224s (-0.6%)21.059s (~)0.835s21.87x
🐘 PostgresExpress20.373s (~)21.057s (~)0.684s21.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express19.625s (-4.1%)21.007s (-5.3% 🟢)1.382s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)19.983s (-3.2%)21.787s (~)1.804s21.02x
▲ VercelNitro20.271s (-1.6%)21.301s (-5.7% 🟢)1.030s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express27.459s (~)28.051s (~)0.592s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro27.513s (+2.8%)28.053s (+3.7%)0.540s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro38.331s (-23.9% 🟢)38.595s (-24.5% 🟢)0.263s21.40x
🐘 PostgresExpress50.367s (~)51.120s (~)0.753s21.83x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express47.767s (-8.3% 🟢)50.065s (-6.5% 🟢)2.298s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)48.350s (-8.1% 🟢)49.826s (-8.3% 🟢)1.476s21.01x
▲ VercelNitro48.580s (-3.4%)50.301s (-4.1%)1.721s21.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express57.158s (~)58.106s (~)0.948s21.00x
💻 LocalNitro57.221s (+2.9%)58.102s (+3.6%)0.881s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro75.254s (-23.0% 🟢)76.177s (-22.4% 🟢)0.923s21.32x
🐘 PostgresExpress75.468s (-24.8% 🟢)75.670s (-25.2% 🟢)0.202s21.32x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro101.896s (+0.8%)103.003s (-0.9%)1.107s11.00x
▲ VercelExpress102.641s (-1.3%)104.584s (-1.4%)1.943s11.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)104.787s (-1.0%)106.421s (~)1.634s11.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.400s (-2.0%)2.005s (~)0.605s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.404s (+3.9%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.877s (-20.4% 🟢)2.320s (-23.0% 🟢)0.443s131.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.025s (-14.1% 🟢)2.515s (-16.5% 🟢)0.490s121.45x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.934s (+3.2%)4.357s (+2.7%)1.423s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.981s (-11.2% 🟢)4.576s (-8.9% 🟢)1.596s71.02x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.083s (+3.8%)4.661s (+12.0% 🔺)1.578s71.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.572s (-3.0%)3.007s (~)0.435s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.589s (+15.7% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.418s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro7.555s (-21.1% 🟢)8.039s (-17.8% 🟢)0.484s42.94x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.632s (+40.5% 🔺)11.366s (+41.6% 🔺)0.734s34.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.162s (-1.6%)4.571s (+5.8% 🔺)1.409s71.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.246s (~)4.685s (+1.9%)1.440s71.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.622s (+13.1% 🔺)5.743s (+29.5% 🔺)2.122s61.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.207s (-5.1% 🟢)8.024s (~)0.817s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.297s (+20.5% 🔺)8.024s (+21.2% 🔺)0.726s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro47.245s (+3.7%)48.122s (+4.3%)0.877s16.56x
🐘 PostgresExpress52.096s (+5.3% 🔺)53.123s (+5.9% 🔺)1.027s17.23x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro3.513s (-51.0% 🟢)5.418s (-37.6% 🟢)1.905s61.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.971s (-53.3% 🟢)6.069s (-40.0% 🟢)2.098s51.13x
▲ VercelExpress5.244s (+2.2%)6.580s (-4.7%)1.336s51.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.403s (-1.7%)2.004s (~)0.601s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.435s (+5.1% 🔺)2.005s (~)0.570s151.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.978s (-14.2% 🟢)2.154s (-23.9% 🟢)0.176s141.41x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.064s (-3.9%)2.680s (~)0.616s121.47x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.613s (-30.7% 🟢)4.034s (-23.3% 🟢)1.421s81.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.647s (-50.2% 🟢)4.064s (-40.3% 🟢)1.417s81.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.746s (-19.6% 🟢)4.177s (-8.5% 🟢)1.432s81.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.664s (-4.4%)3.007s (~)0.343s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.728s (+14.8% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.279s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.811s (+9.2% 🔺)11.370s (+9.7% 🔺)0.559s34.06x
🐘 PostgresExpress13.208s (+7.3% 🔺)13.369s (+5.3% 🔺)0.161s34.96x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.873s (-6.2% 🟢)4.139s (-3.2%)1.266s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.970s (-2.3%)4.248s (-2.1%)1.278s81.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.116s (+4.9%)4.393s (+1.6%)1.278s71.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.769s (-5.4% 🟢)8.017s (-11.1% 🟢)0.248s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.814s (+13.8% 🔺)8.020s (+11.2% 🔺)0.206s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro51.492s (-3.5%)52.138s (-3.7%)0.646s16.63x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.449s (+1.1%)54.121s (+1.9%)0.672s16.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.280s (-52.6% 🟢)5.036s (-38.2% 🟢)1.756s71.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.425s (-66.3% 🟢)4.705s (-61.1% 🟢)1.279s71.04x
▲ VercelNitro3.632s (-43.7% 🟢)5.099s (-34.2% 🟢)1.467s61.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.172s (-4.3%)1.002s (~)0.010s (-9.2% 🟢)1.015s (~)0.843s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.179s (+58.3% 🔺)1.002s (~)0.010s (+8.9% 🔺)1.015s (~)0.836s101.04x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.267s (-47.7% 🟢)1.772s (-32.3% 🟢)0.001s (~)2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)0.746s107.36x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.363s (-0.8%)1.755s (+5.4% 🔺)0.001s (~)2.013s (~)0.650s107.92x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.477s (-6.6% 🟢)3.341s (+3.7%)0.178s (-0.8%)4.412s (+3.3%)1.935s101.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.505s (-4.7%)3.213s (+3.1%)0.160s (-4.2%)4.161s (~)1.656s101.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.644s (-6.5% 🟢)3.137s (-2.5%)0.114s (-52.6% 🟢)4.167s (-4.3%)1.523s101.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalExpress12/12
🐘 PostgresNitro9/12
▲ VercelExpress7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express💻 Local10/12
Next.js (Turbopack)▲ Vercel12/12
Nitro💻 Local10/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Starter: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production490038528
✅ 💻 Local Development418062480
✅ 📦 Local Production418062480
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres418062480
✅ 🪟 Windows450348
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds2916312204
✅ 📋 Other123021144
Total19411632602364

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (163 failed)

mongodb (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

redis (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

starter (42 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

turso (41 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4404
✅ example4404
✅ express4404
✅ fastify4404
✅ hono4404
✅ nextjs-turbopack4701
✅ nextjs-webpack4701
✅ nitro4404
✅ nuxt4404
✅ sveltekit4404
✅ vite4404
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack4503
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev300
❌ mongodb5403
✅ redis-dev300
❌ redis5403
✅ starter-dev300
❌ starter3423
✅ turso-dev300
❌ turso4413
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4107

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

This pull request implements client-side runId generation as a prerequisite for the planned E2E encryption feature. It generates workflow run IDs using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}) in the start() function before serialization, eliminating the need for the deferred Promise<string> pattern that was previously used when runIds were server-generated.

Changes:

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using monotonic ULID factory before serialization
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Updates Storage.events.create() interface to accept string | null for the first overload (previously just null)

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 10 out of 10 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

Show a summary per file
FileDescription
packages/core/src/runtime/start.tsAdds client-side runId generation using ULID and verification that server accepted it; removes withResolvers pattern
packages/core/src/serialization.tsSimplifies runId parameter types from string | Promise<string> to string in all dehydrate/hydrate functions and stream classes
packages/core/src/runtime/start.test.tsUpdates mock to return client-provided runId and expects wrun_ prefix instead of null
packages/core/src/writable-stream.test.tsRemoves tests for Promise-based runId handling; updates error messages
packages/world/src/interfaces.tsUpdates Streamer methods and Storage.events.create() signature to use plain string runId
packages/world/src/events.tsUpdates comment for RunCreatedEventRequest
packages/world-vercel/src/events.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-postgres/src/storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-local/src/storage/events-storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
.opencode/plans/e2e-encryption-plan.mdAdds comprehensive E2E encryption implementation plan that relies on client-side runId generation

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@TooTallNateGraphite App

TooTallNate commented Feb 6, 2026

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@TooTallNate
TooTallNateforce-pushed the nate/client-side-runid branch from 49b2939 to c9082c5CompareFebruary 8, 2026 08:09
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate merged commit d9e9859 into mainFeb 8, 2026
152 of 153 checks passed
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate deleted the nate/client-side-runid branch February 8, 2026 08:27
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@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { // Auto-enable theater mode on YouTube (function() { function tryTheater() { var btn = document.querySelector('button[aria-label="Theater mode"], ytd-player #player button[title="Theater mode"]'); if (btn && !btn.classList.contains('activated')) { btn.click(); } } // Try immediately tryTheater(); // Try after navigation (SPA) var lastUrl = location.href; setInterval(function() { if (location.href !== lastUrl) { lastUrl = location.href; setTimeout(tryTheater, 500); } }, 1000); // Also try on player load var observer = new MutationObserver(tryTheater); observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true }); })(); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:YouTube Theater Mode Default]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + ' Generate `runId` client-side in `start()` and simplify streaming types by TooTallNate · Pull Request #954 · vercel/workflow · GitHub
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Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types - #954

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nate/client-side-runid
Feb 8, 2026
Merged

Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types#954
TooTallNate merged 1 commit into
mainfrom
nate/client-side-runid

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Summary

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}), instead of deferring to the server
  • Passes client-generated runId to events.create() and verifies the server accepted it
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Removes the withResolvers<string>() / deferred runId pattern that was needed when runId was server-generated
  • Updates Streamer interface and WorkflowServerWritableStream to use plain string runId
  • Updates Storage.events.create() first overload to accept string | null instead of just null

This is a prerequisite for E2E encryption, where we need the runId before serialization so it can be used as part of the encryption context.

Test plan

All existing tests pass. Updated start.test.ts to expect client-generated runId, removed writable-stream.test.ts promise runId test (no longer applicable).

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CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings February 6, 2026 01:49
@changeset-bot

changeset-botBot commented Feb 6, 2026

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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: c9082c5

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages
NameType
@workflow/corePatch
@workflow/worldPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-localPatch
@workflow/world-postgresPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.031s (-8.0% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.033s (+31.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.972s101.07x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.159s (-27.5% 🟢)1.010s (~)0.851s105.08x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.501s (+342.2% 🔺)1.010s (~)0.508s1016.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.897s (+3.2%)2.803s (+13.8% 🔺)1.906s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.961s (+0.7%)2.859s (+3.9%)1.898s101.07x
▲ VercelNitro1.030s (+26.7% 🔺)2.630s (-0.9%)1.600s101.15x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.105s (~)2.005s (~)0.900s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.109s (+3.3%)2.006s (~)0.897s101.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.325s (-5.4% 🟢)3.014s (~)0.689s102.10x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.379s (-2.3%)3.014s (~)0.636s102.15x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.713s (~)4.146s (+3.3%)1.433s101.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.778s (~)3.981s (~)1.203s101.02x
▲ VercelNitro2.813s (+4.2%)4.122s (+2.9%)1.308s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express10.831s (~)11.022s (~)0.191s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.851s (+2.9%)11.022s (~)0.172s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro20.224s (-0.6%)21.059s (~)0.835s21.87x
🐘 PostgresExpress20.373s (~)21.057s (~)0.684s21.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express19.625s (-4.1%)21.007s (-5.3% 🟢)1.382s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)19.983s (-3.2%)21.787s (~)1.804s21.02x
▲ VercelNitro20.271s (-1.6%)21.301s (-5.7% 🟢)1.030s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express27.459s (~)28.051s (~)0.592s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro27.513s (+2.8%)28.053s (+3.7%)0.540s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro38.331s (-23.9% 🟢)38.595s (-24.5% 🟢)0.263s21.40x
🐘 PostgresExpress50.367s (~)51.120s (~)0.753s21.83x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express47.767s (-8.3% 🟢)50.065s (-6.5% 🟢)2.298s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)48.350s (-8.1% 🟢)49.826s (-8.3% 🟢)1.476s21.01x
▲ VercelNitro48.580s (-3.4%)50.301s (-4.1%)1.721s21.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express57.158s (~)58.106s (~)0.948s21.00x
💻 LocalNitro57.221s (+2.9%)58.102s (+3.6%)0.881s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro75.254s (-23.0% 🟢)76.177s (-22.4% 🟢)0.923s21.32x
🐘 PostgresExpress75.468s (-24.8% 🟢)75.670s (-25.2% 🟢)0.202s21.32x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro101.896s (+0.8%)103.003s (-0.9%)1.107s11.00x
▲ VercelExpress102.641s (-1.3%)104.584s (-1.4%)1.943s11.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)104.787s (-1.0%)106.421s (~)1.634s11.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.400s (-2.0%)2.005s (~)0.605s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.404s (+3.9%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.877s (-20.4% 🟢)2.320s (-23.0% 🟢)0.443s131.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.025s (-14.1% 🟢)2.515s (-16.5% 🟢)0.490s121.45x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.934s (+3.2%)4.357s (+2.7%)1.423s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.981s (-11.2% 🟢)4.576s (-8.9% 🟢)1.596s71.02x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.083s (+3.8%)4.661s (+12.0% 🔺)1.578s71.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.572s (-3.0%)3.007s (~)0.435s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.589s (+15.7% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.418s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro7.555s (-21.1% 🟢)8.039s (-17.8% 🟢)0.484s42.94x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.632s (+40.5% 🔺)11.366s (+41.6% 🔺)0.734s34.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.162s (-1.6%)4.571s (+5.8% 🔺)1.409s71.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.246s (~)4.685s (+1.9%)1.440s71.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.622s (+13.1% 🔺)5.743s (+29.5% 🔺)2.122s61.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.207s (-5.1% 🟢)8.024s (~)0.817s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.297s (+20.5% 🔺)8.024s (+21.2% 🔺)0.726s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro47.245s (+3.7%)48.122s (+4.3%)0.877s16.56x
🐘 PostgresExpress52.096s (+5.3% 🔺)53.123s (+5.9% 🔺)1.027s17.23x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro3.513s (-51.0% 🟢)5.418s (-37.6% 🟢)1.905s61.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.971s (-53.3% 🟢)6.069s (-40.0% 🟢)2.098s51.13x
▲ VercelExpress5.244s (+2.2%)6.580s (-4.7%)1.336s51.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.403s (-1.7%)2.004s (~)0.601s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.435s (+5.1% 🔺)2.005s (~)0.570s151.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.978s (-14.2% 🟢)2.154s (-23.9% 🟢)0.176s141.41x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.064s (-3.9%)2.680s (~)0.616s121.47x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.613s (-30.7% 🟢)4.034s (-23.3% 🟢)1.421s81.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.647s (-50.2% 🟢)4.064s (-40.3% 🟢)1.417s81.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.746s (-19.6% 🟢)4.177s (-8.5% 🟢)1.432s81.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.664s (-4.4%)3.007s (~)0.343s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.728s (+14.8% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.279s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.811s (+9.2% 🔺)11.370s (+9.7% 🔺)0.559s34.06x
🐘 PostgresExpress13.208s (+7.3% 🔺)13.369s (+5.3% 🔺)0.161s34.96x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.873s (-6.2% 🟢)4.139s (-3.2%)1.266s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.970s (-2.3%)4.248s (-2.1%)1.278s81.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.116s (+4.9%)4.393s (+1.6%)1.278s71.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.769s (-5.4% 🟢)8.017s (-11.1% 🟢)0.248s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.814s (+13.8% 🔺)8.020s (+11.2% 🔺)0.206s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro51.492s (-3.5%)52.138s (-3.7%)0.646s16.63x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.449s (+1.1%)54.121s (+1.9%)0.672s16.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.280s (-52.6% 🟢)5.036s (-38.2% 🟢)1.756s71.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.425s (-66.3% 🟢)4.705s (-61.1% 🟢)1.279s71.04x
▲ VercelNitro3.632s (-43.7% 🟢)5.099s (-34.2% 🟢)1.467s61.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.172s (-4.3%)1.002s (~)0.010s (-9.2% 🟢)1.015s (~)0.843s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.179s (+58.3% 🔺)1.002s (~)0.010s (+8.9% 🔺)1.015s (~)0.836s101.04x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.267s (-47.7% 🟢)1.772s (-32.3% 🟢)0.001s (~)2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)0.746s107.36x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.363s (-0.8%)1.755s (+5.4% 🔺)0.001s (~)2.013s (~)0.650s107.92x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.477s (-6.6% 🟢)3.341s (+3.7%)0.178s (-0.8%)4.412s (+3.3%)1.935s101.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.505s (-4.7%)3.213s (+3.1%)0.160s (-4.2%)4.161s (~)1.656s101.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.644s (-6.5% 🟢)3.137s (-2.5%)0.114s (-52.6% 🟢)4.167s (-4.3%)1.523s101.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalExpress12/12
🐘 PostgresNitro9/12
▲ VercelExpress7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express💻 Local10/12
Next.js (Turbopack)▲ Vercel12/12
Nitro💻 Local10/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Starter: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production490038528
✅ 💻 Local Development418062480
✅ 📦 Local Production418062480
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres418062480
✅ 🪟 Windows450348
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds2916312204
✅ 📋 Other123021144
Total19411632602364

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (163 failed)

mongodb (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

redis (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

starter (42 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

turso (41 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4404
✅ example4404
✅ express4404
✅ fastify4404
✅ hono4404
✅ nextjs-turbopack4701
✅ nextjs-webpack4701
✅ nitro4404
✅ nuxt4404
✅ sveltekit4404
✅ vite4404
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack4503
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev300
❌ mongodb5403
✅ redis-dev300
❌ redis5403
✅ starter-dev300
❌ starter3423
✅ turso-dev300
❌ turso4413
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4107

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

This pull request implements client-side runId generation as a prerequisite for the planned E2E encryption feature. It generates workflow run IDs using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}) in the start() function before serialization, eliminating the need for the deferred Promise<string> pattern that was previously used when runIds were server-generated.

Changes:

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using monotonic ULID factory before serialization
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Updates Storage.events.create() interface to accept string | null for the first overload (previously just null)

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 10 out of 10 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

Show a summary per file
FileDescription
packages/core/src/runtime/start.tsAdds client-side runId generation using ULID and verification that server accepted it; removes withResolvers pattern
packages/core/src/serialization.tsSimplifies runId parameter types from string | Promise<string> to string in all dehydrate/hydrate functions and stream classes
packages/core/src/runtime/start.test.tsUpdates mock to return client-provided runId and expects wrun_ prefix instead of null
packages/core/src/writable-stream.test.tsRemoves tests for Promise-based runId handling; updates error messages
packages/world/src/interfaces.tsUpdates Streamer methods and Storage.events.create() signature to use plain string runId
packages/world/src/events.tsUpdates comment for RunCreatedEventRequest
packages/world-vercel/src/events.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-postgres/src/storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-local/src/storage/events-storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
.opencode/plans/e2e-encryption-plan.mdAdds comprehensive E2E encryption implementation plan that relies on client-side runId generation

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@TooTallNateGraphite App

TooTallNate commented Feb 6, 2026

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@TooTallNate
TooTallNateforce-pushed the nate/client-side-runid branch from 49b2939 to c9082c5CompareFebruary 8, 2026 08:09
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate merged commit d9e9859 into mainFeb 8, 2026
152 of 153 checks passed
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate deleted the nate/client-side-runid branch February 8, 2026 08:27
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@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious
, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { // Remove or un-stick sticky/fixed headers that block content (function() { function unstick() { document.querySelectorAll('header, nav, [role="banner"], .header, .navbar, .sticky, .fixed-top, [style*="position: fixed"], [style*="position:sticky"]').forEach(function(el) { if (el.style.position === 'fixed' || el.style.position === 'sticky' || getComputedStyle(el).position === 'fixed' || getComputedStyle(el).position === 'sticky') { el.style.position = 'static'; el.style.top = 'auto'; el.style.zIndex = 'auto'; } }); } unstick(); var observer = new MutationObserver(unstick); observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true, attributes: true, attributeFilter: ['style', 'class'] }); })(); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Kill Sticky Headers]', __e); } })(); (function(){ try { var __m = "*"; var __re = new RegExp('^' + ".*" + ' Generate `runId` client-side in `start()` and simplify streaming types by TooTallNate · Pull Request #954 · vercel/workflow · GitHub
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Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types - #954

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TooTallNate merged 1 commit into
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nate/client-side-runid
Feb 8, 2026
Merged

Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types#954
TooTallNate merged 1 commit into
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nate/client-side-runid

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Summary

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}), instead of deferring to the server
  • Passes client-generated runId to events.create() and verifies the server accepted it
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Removes the withResolvers<string>() / deferred runId pattern that was needed when runId was server-generated
  • Updates Streamer interface and WorkflowServerWritableStream to use plain string runId
  • Updates Storage.events.create() first overload to accept string | null instead of just null

This is a prerequisite for E2E encryption, where we need the runId before serialization so it can be used as part of the encryption context.

Test plan

All existing tests pass. Updated start.test.ts to expect client-generated runId, removed writable-stream.test.ts promise runId test (no longer applicable).

@vercel

vercelBot commented Feb 6, 2026

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CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings February 6, 2026 01:49
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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: c9082c5

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages
NameType
@workflow/corePatch
@workflow/worldPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-localPatch
@workflow/world-postgresPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.031s (-8.0% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.033s (+31.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.972s101.07x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.159s (-27.5% 🟢)1.010s (~)0.851s105.08x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.501s (+342.2% 🔺)1.010s (~)0.508s1016.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.897s (+3.2%)2.803s (+13.8% 🔺)1.906s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.961s (+0.7%)2.859s (+3.9%)1.898s101.07x
▲ VercelNitro1.030s (+26.7% 🔺)2.630s (-0.9%)1.600s101.15x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.105s (~)2.005s (~)0.900s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.109s (+3.3%)2.006s (~)0.897s101.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.325s (-5.4% 🟢)3.014s (~)0.689s102.10x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.379s (-2.3%)3.014s (~)0.636s102.15x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.713s (~)4.146s (+3.3%)1.433s101.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.778s (~)3.981s (~)1.203s101.02x
▲ VercelNitro2.813s (+4.2%)4.122s (+2.9%)1.308s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express10.831s (~)11.022s (~)0.191s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.851s (+2.9%)11.022s (~)0.172s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro20.224s (-0.6%)21.059s (~)0.835s21.87x
🐘 PostgresExpress20.373s (~)21.057s (~)0.684s21.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express19.625s (-4.1%)21.007s (-5.3% 🟢)1.382s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)19.983s (-3.2%)21.787s (~)1.804s21.02x
▲ VercelNitro20.271s (-1.6%)21.301s (-5.7% 🟢)1.030s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express27.459s (~)28.051s (~)0.592s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro27.513s (+2.8%)28.053s (+3.7%)0.540s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro38.331s (-23.9% 🟢)38.595s (-24.5% 🟢)0.263s21.40x
🐘 PostgresExpress50.367s (~)51.120s (~)0.753s21.83x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express47.767s (-8.3% 🟢)50.065s (-6.5% 🟢)2.298s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)48.350s (-8.1% 🟢)49.826s (-8.3% 🟢)1.476s21.01x
▲ VercelNitro48.580s (-3.4%)50.301s (-4.1%)1.721s21.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express57.158s (~)58.106s (~)0.948s21.00x
💻 LocalNitro57.221s (+2.9%)58.102s (+3.6%)0.881s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro75.254s (-23.0% 🟢)76.177s (-22.4% 🟢)0.923s21.32x
🐘 PostgresExpress75.468s (-24.8% 🟢)75.670s (-25.2% 🟢)0.202s21.32x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro101.896s (+0.8%)103.003s (-0.9%)1.107s11.00x
▲ VercelExpress102.641s (-1.3%)104.584s (-1.4%)1.943s11.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)104.787s (-1.0%)106.421s (~)1.634s11.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.400s (-2.0%)2.005s (~)0.605s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.404s (+3.9%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.877s (-20.4% 🟢)2.320s (-23.0% 🟢)0.443s131.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.025s (-14.1% 🟢)2.515s (-16.5% 🟢)0.490s121.45x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.934s (+3.2%)4.357s (+2.7%)1.423s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.981s (-11.2% 🟢)4.576s (-8.9% 🟢)1.596s71.02x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.083s (+3.8%)4.661s (+12.0% 🔺)1.578s71.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.572s (-3.0%)3.007s (~)0.435s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.589s (+15.7% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.418s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro7.555s (-21.1% 🟢)8.039s (-17.8% 🟢)0.484s42.94x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.632s (+40.5% 🔺)11.366s (+41.6% 🔺)0.734s34.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.162s (-1.6%)4.571s (+5.8% 🔺)1.409s71.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.246s (~)4.685s (+1.9%)1.440s71.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.622s (+13.1% 🔺)5.743s (+29.5% 🔺)2.122s61.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.207s (-5.1% 🟢)8.024s (~)0.817s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.297s (+20.5% 🔺)8.024s (+21.2% 🔺)0.726s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro47.245s (+3.7%)48.122s (+4.3%)0.877s16.56x
🐘 PostgresExpress52.096s (+5.3% 🔺)53.123s (+5.9% 🔺)1.027s17.23x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro3.513s (-51.0% 🟢)5.418s (-37.6% 🟢)1.905s61.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.971s (-53.3% 🟢)6.069s (-40.0% 🟢)2.098s51.13x
▲ VercelExpress5.244s (+2.2%)6.580s (-4.7%)1.336s51.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.403s (-1.7%)2.004s (~)0.601s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.435s (+5.1% 🔺)2.005s (~)0.570s151.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.978s (-14.2% 🟢)2.154s (-23.9% 🟢)0.176s141.41x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.064s (-3.9%)2.680s (~)0.616s121.47x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.613s (-30.7% 🟢)4.034s (-23.3% 🟢)1.421s81.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.647s (-50.2% 🟢)4.064s (-40.3% 🟢)1.417s81.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.746s (-19.6% 🟢)4.177s (-8.5% 🟢)1.432s81.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.664s (-4.4%)3.007s (~)0.343s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.728s (+14.8% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.279s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.811s (+9.2% 🔺)11.370s (+9.7% 🔺)0.559s34.06x
🐘 PostgresExpress13.208s (+7.3% 🔺)13.369s (+5.3% 🔺)0.161s34.96x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.873s (-6.2% 🟢)4.139s (-3.2%)1.266s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.970s (-2.3%)4.248s (-2.1%)1.278s81.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.116s (+4.9%)4.393s (+1.6%)1.278s71.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.769s (-5.4% 🟢)8.017s (-11.1% 🟢)0.248s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.814s (+13.8% 🔺)8.020s (+11.2% 🔺)0.206s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro51.492s (-3.5%)52.138s (-3.7%)0.646s16.63x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.449s (+1.1%)54.121s (+1.9%)0.672s16.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.280s (-52.6% 🟢)5.036s (-38.2% 🟢)1.756s71.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.425s (-66.3% 🟢)4.705s (-61.1% 🟢)1.279s71.04x
▲ VercelNitro3.632s (-43.7% 🟢)5.099s (-34.2% 🟢)1.467s61.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.172s (-4.3%)1.002s (~)0.010s (-9.2% 🟢)1.015s (~)0.843s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.179s (+58.3% 🔺)1.002s (~)0.010s (+8.9% 🔺)1.015s (~)0.836s101.04x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.267s (-47.7% 🟢)1.772s (-32.3% 🟢)0.001s (~)2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)0.746s107.36x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.363s (-0.8%)1.755s (+5.4% 🔺)0.001s (~)2.013s (~)0.650s107.92x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.477s (-6.6% 🟢)3.341s (+3.7%)0.178s (-0.8%)4.412s (+3.3%)1.935s101.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.505s (-4.7%)3.213s (+3.1%)0.160s (-4.2%)4.161s (~)1.656s101.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.644s (-6.5% 🟢)3.137s (-2.5%)0.114s (-52.6% 🟢)4.167s (-4.3%)1.523s101.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalExpress12/12
🐘 PostgresNitro9/12
▲ VercelExpress7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express💻 Local10/12
Next.js (Turbopack)▲ Vercel12/12
Nitro💻 Local10/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Starter: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production490038528
✅ 💻 Local Development418062480
✅ 📦 Local Production418062480
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres418062480
✅ 🪟 Windows450348
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds2916312204
✅ 📋 Other123021144
Total19411632602364

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (163 failed)

mongodb (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

redis (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

starter (42 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

turso (41 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4404
✅ example4404
✅ express4404
✅ fastify4404
✅ hono4404
✅ nextjs-turbopack4701
✅ nextjs-webpack4701
✅ nitro4404
✅ nuxt4404
✅ sveltekit4404
✅ vite4404
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack4503
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev300
❌ mongodb5403
✅ redis-dev300
❌ redis5403
✅ starter-dev300
❌ starter3423
✅ turso-dev300
❌ turso4413
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4107

📋 View full workflow run

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Pull request overview

This pull request implements client-side runId generation as a prerequisite for the planned E2E encryption feature. It generates workflow run IDs using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}) in the start() function before serialization, eliminating the need for the deferred Promise<string> pattern that was previously used when runIds were server-generated.

Changes:

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using monotonic ULID factory before serialization
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Updates Storage.events.create() interface to accept string | null for the first overload (previously just null)

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 10 out of 10 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

Show a summary per file
FileDescription
packages/core/src/runtime/start.tsAdds client-side runId generation using ULID and verification that server accepted it; removes withResolvers pattern
packages/core/src/serialization.tsSimplifies runId parameter types from string | Promise<string> to string in all dehydrate/hydrate functions and stream classes
packages/core/src/runtime/start.test.tsUpdates mock to return client-provided runId and expects wrun_ prefix instead of null
packages/core/src/writable-stream.test.tsRemoves tests for Promise-based runId handling; updates error messages
packages/world/src/interfaces.tsUpdates Streamer methods and Storage.events.create() signature to use plain string runId
packages/world/src/events.tsUpdates comment for RunCreatedEventRequest
packages/world-vercel/src/events.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-postgres/src/storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-local/src/storage/events-storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
.opencode/plans/e2e-encryption-plan.mdAdds comprehensive E2E encryption implementation plan that relies on client-side runId generation

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TooTallNate commented Feb 6, 2026

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@TooTallNate
TooTallNateforce-pushed the nate/client-side-runid branch from 49b2939 to c9082c5CompareFebruary 8, 2026 08:09
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TooTallNate merged commit d9e9859 into mainFeb 8, 2026
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TooTallNate deleted the nate/client-side-runid branch February 8, 2026 08:27
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, 'i'); if (__m === '*' || __re.test(location.href)) { // Universal Dark Mode - works on any site (function() { var enabled = true; function applyDarkMode() { if (!enabled) return; // Create style element if it doesn't exist var style = document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style'); if (!style) { style = document.createElement('style'); style.id = 'universal-dark-mode-style'; document.head.appendChild(style); } // Dark mode CSS - inverts colors but preserves images/video style.textContent = ' /* Invert everything except media */ html { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important; background: #1a1a2e !important; } /* Restore images, videos, iframes, canvas */ img, video, iframe, canvas, svg, picture, [style*="background-image"] { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important; } /* Preserve specific elements that should not be inverted */ .no-dark-mode, .no-dark-mode *, [data-theme="light"], [data-theme="light"], .ace_editor, .ace_editor *, .CodeMirror, .CodeMirror *, .monaco-editor, .monaco-editor *, .markdown-body pre, .markdown-body pre *, .highlight, .highlight *, pre code, pre code * { filter: none !important; } /* Fix common UI elements */ .modal, .popup, .dropdown-menu, .tooltip, .popover { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) !important; background: #2d2d44 !important; border-color: #444 !important; } /* Scrollbars */ ::-webkit-scrollbar { background: #1a1a2e !important; } ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #444 !important; } ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: #555 !important; } /* Selection */ ::selection { background: #4ecdc4 !important; color: #1a1a2e !important; } ::-moz-selection { background: #4ecdc4 !important; color: #1a1a2e !important; } '; } function removeDarkMode() { var style = document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style'); if (style) style.remove(); } // Toggle with Alt+Shift+D document.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) { if (e.altKey && e.shiftKey && e.key === 'D') { e.preventDefault(); enabled = !enabled; if (enabled) { applyDarkMode(); console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Enabled'); } else { removeDarkMode(); console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Disabled'); } } }); // Apply on load applyDarkMode(); // Re-apply on dynamic content var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) { if (enabled && !document.getElementById('universal-dark-mode-style')) { applyDarkMode(); } }); observer.observe(document.head, { childList: true }); console.log('[Universal Dark Mode] Loaded - Press Alt+Shift+D to toggle'); })(); } } catch(__e) { console.warn('[Userscript:Universal Dark Mode]', __e); } })(); })(); Generate `runId` client-side in `start()` and simplify streaming types by TooTallNate · Pull Request #954 · vercel/workflow · GitHub
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Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types - #954

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Generate runId client-side in start() and simplify streaming types#954
TooTallNate merged 1 commit into
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Summary

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}), instead of deferring to the server
  • Passes client-generated runId to events.create() and verifies the server accepted it
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Removes the withResolvers<string>() / deferred runId pattern that was needed when runId was server-generated
  • Updates Streamer interface and WorkflowServerWritableStream to use plain string runId
  • Updates Storage.events.create() first overload to accept string | null instead of just null

This is a prerequisite for E2E encryption, where we need the runId before serialization so it can be used as part of the encryption context.

Test plan

All existing tests pass. Updated start.test.ts to expect client-generated runId, removed writable-stream.test.ts promise runId test (no longer applicable).

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CopilotAI review requested due to automatic review settings February 6, 2026 01:49
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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: c9082c5

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 18 packages
NameType
@workflow/corePatch
@workflow/worldPatch
@workflow/buildersPatch
@workflow/cliPatch
@workflow/nextPatch
@workflow/nitroPatch
@workflow/web-sharedPatch
workflowPatch
@workflow/world-localPatch
@workflow/world-postgresPatch
@workflow/world-testingPatch
@workflow/world-vercelPatch
@workflow/astroPatch
@workflow/nestPatch
@workflow/rollupPatch
@workflow/sveltekitPatch
@workflow/vitePatch
@workflow/nuxtPatch

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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.031s (-8.0% 🟢)1.005s (~)0.973s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.033s (+31.6% 🔺)1.005s (~)0.972s101.07x
🐘 PostgresExpress0.159s (-27.5% 🟢)1.010s (~)0.851s105.08x
🐘 PostgresNitro0.501s (+342.2% 🔺)1.010s (~)0.508s1016.07x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)0.897s (+3.2%)2.803s (+13.8% 🔺)1.906s101.00x
▲ VercelExpress0.961s (+0.7%)2.859s (+3.9%)1.898s101.07x
▲ VercelNitro1.030s (+26.7% 🔺)2.630s (-0.9%)1.600s101.15x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.105s (~)2.005s (~)0.900s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.109s (+3.3%)2.006s (~)0.897s101.00x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.325s (-5.4% 🟢)3.014s (~)0.689s102.10x
🐘 PostgresNitro2.379s (-2.3%)3.014s (~)0.636s102.15x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.713s (~)4.146s (+3.3%)1.433s101.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.778s (~)3.981s (~)1.203s101.02x
▲ VercelNitro2.813s (+4.2%)4.122s (+2.9%)1.308s101.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express10.831s (~)11.022s (~)0.191s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro10.851s (+2.9%)11.022s (~)0.172s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro20.224s (-0.6%)21.059s (~)0.835s21.87x
🐘 PostgresExpress20.373s (~)21.057s (~)0.684s21.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express19.625s (-4.1%)21.007s (-5.3% 🟢)1.382s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)19.983s (-3.2%)21.787s (~)1.804s21.02x
▲ VercelNitro20.271s (-1.6%)21.301s (-5.7% 🟢)1.030s21.03x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express27.459s (~)28.051s (~)0.592s31.00x
💻 LocalNitro27.513s (+2.8%)28.053s (+3.7%)0.540s31.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro38.331s (-23.9% 🟢)38.595s (-24.5% 🟢)0.263s21.40x
🐘 PostgresExpress50.367s (~)51.120s (~)0.753s21.83x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express47.767s (-8.3% 🟢)50.065s (-6.5% 🟢)2.298s21.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)48.350s (-8.1% 🟢)49.826s (-8.3% 🟢)1.476s21.01x
▲ VercelNitro48.580s (-3.4%)50.301s (-4.1%)1.721s21.02x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express57.158s (~)58.106s (~)0.948s21.00x
💻 LocalNitro57.221s (+2.9%)58.102s (+3.6%)0.881s21.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro75.254s (-23.0% 🟢)76.177s (-22.4% 🟢)0.923s21.32x
🐘 PostgresExpress75.468s (-24.8% 🟢)75.670s (-25.2% 🟢)0.202s21.32x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro101.896s (+0.8%)103.003s (-0.9%)1.107s11.00x
▲ VercelExpress102.641s (-1.3%)104.584s (-1.4%)1.943s11.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)104.787s (-1.0%)106.421s (~)1.634s11.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.400s (-2.0%)2.005s (~)0.605s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.404s (+3.9%)2.005s (~)0.601s151.00x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.877s (-20.4% 🟢)2.320s (-23.0% 🟢)0.443s131.34x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.025s (-14.1% 🟢)2.515s (-16.5% 🟢)0.490s121.45x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.934s (+3.2%)4.357s (+2.7%)1.423s71.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.981s (-11.2% 🟢)4.576s (-8.9% 🟢)1.596s71.02x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.083s (+3.8%)4.661s (+12.0% 🔺)1.578s71.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.572s (-3.0%)3.007s (~)0.435s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.589s (+15.7% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.418s101.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro7.555s (-21.1% 🟢)8.039s (-17.8% 🟢)0.484s42.94x
🐘 PostgresExpress10.632s (+40.5% 🔺)11.366s (+41.6% 🔺)0.734s34.13x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.162s (-1.6%)4.571s (+5.8% 🔺)1.409s71.00x
▲ VercelNitro3.246s (~)4.685s (+1.9%)1.440s71.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.622s (+13.1% 🔺)5.743s (+29.5% 🔺)2.122s61.15x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.207s (-5.1% 🟢)8.024s (~)0.817s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.297s (+20.5% 🔺)8.024s (+21.2% 🔺)0.726s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro47.245s (+3.7%)48.122s (+4.3%)0.877s16.56x
🐘 PostgresExpress52.096s (+5.3% 🔺)53.123s (+5.9% 🔺)1.027s17.23x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro3.513s (-51.0% 🟢)5.418s (-37.6% 🟢)1.905s61.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.971s (-53.3% 🟢)6.069s (-40.0% 🟢)2.098s51.13x
▲ VercelExpress5.244s (+2.2%)6.580s (-4.7%)1.336s51.49x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express1.403s (-1.7%)2.004s (~)0.601s151.00x
💻 LocalNitro1.435s (+5.1% 🔺)2.005s (~)0.570s151.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.978s (-14.2% 🟢)2.154s (-23.9% 🟢)0.176s141.41x
🐘 PostgresExpress2.064s (-3.9%)2.680s (~)0.616s121.47x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Nitro2.613s (-30.7% 🟢)4.034s (-23.3% 🟢)1.421s81.00x
▲ VercelExpress2.647s (-50.2% 🟢)4.064s (-40.3% 🟢)1.417s81.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.746s (-19.6% 🟢)4.177s (-8.5% 🟢)1.432s81.05x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express2.664s (-4.4%)3.007s (~)0.343s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro2.728s (+14.8% 🔺)3.007s (~)0.279s101.02x
🐘 PostgresNitro10.811s (+9.2% 🔺)11.370s (+9.7% 🔺)0.559s34.06x
🐘 PostgresExpress13.208s (+7.3% 🔺)13.369s (+5.3% 🔺)0.161s34.96x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.873s (-6.2% 🟢)4.139s (-3.2%)1.266s81.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.970s (-2.3%)4.248s (-2.1%)1.278s81.03x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.116s (+4.9%)4.393s (+1.6%)1.278s71.08x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express7.769s (-5.4% 🟢)8.017s (-11.1% 🟢)0.248s41.00x
💻 LocalNitro7.814s (+13.8% 🔺)8.020s (+11.2% 🔺)0.206s41.01x
🐘 PostgresNitro51.492s (-3.5%)52.138s (-3.7%)0.646s16.63x
🐘 PostgresExpress53.449s (+1.1%)54.121s (+1.9%)0.672s16.88x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express3.280s (-52.6% 🟢)5.036s (-38.2% 🟢)1.756s71.00x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)3.425s (-66.3% 🟢)4.705s (-61.1% 🟢)1.279s71.04x
▲ VercelNitro3.632s (-43.7% 🟢)5.099s (-34.2% 🟢)1.467s61.11x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)
workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
💻 Local🥇 Express0.172s (-4.3%)1.002s (~)0.010s (-9.2% 🟢)1.015s (~)0.843s101.00x
💻 LocalNitro0.179s (+58.3% 🔺)1.002s (~)0.010s (+8.9% 🔺)1.015s (~)0.836s101.04x
🐘 PostgresExpress1.267s (-47.7% 🟢)1.772s (-32.3% 🟢)0.001s (~)2.014s (-33.2% 🟢)0.746s107.36x
🐘 PostgresNitro1.363s (-0.8%)1.755s (+5.4% 🔺)0.001s (~)2.013s (~)0.650s107.92x
💻 LocalNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----
🐘 PostgresNext.js (Turbopack)⚠️missing-----

▲ Production (Vercel)

WorldFrameworkWorkflow TimeTTFBSlurpWall TimeOverheadSamplesvs Fastest
▲ Vercel🥇 Express2.477s (-6.6% 🟢)3.341s (+3.7%)0.178s (-0.8%)4.412s (+3.3%)1.935s101.00x
▲ VercelNitro2.505s (-4.7%)3.213s (+3.1%)0.160s (-4.2%)4.161s (~)1.656s101.01x
▲ VercelNext.js (Turbopack)2.644s (-6.5% 🟢)3.137s (-2.5%)0.114s (-52.6% 🟢)4.167s (-4.3%)1.523s101.07x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World🥇 Fastest FrameworkWins
💻 LocalExpress12/12
🐘 PostgresNitro9/12
▲ VercelExpress7/12
Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework🥇 Fastest WorldWins
Express💻 Local10/12
Next.js (Turbopack)▲ Vercel12/12
Nitro💻 Local10/12
Column Definitions
  • Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
  • TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
  • Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
  • Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
  • Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
  • Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
  • vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

  • 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
  • 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
  • ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
  • 🌐 Starter: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
  • 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)

📋 View full workflow run

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github-actionsBot commented Feb 6, 2026

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🧪 E2E Test Results

Some tests failed

Summary

PassedFailedSkippedTotal
✅ ▲ Vercel Production490038528
✅ 💻 Local Development418062480
✅ 📦 Local Production418062480
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres418062480
✅ 🪟 Windows450348
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds2916312204
✅ 📋 Other123021144
Total19411632602364

❌ Failed Tests

🌍 Community Worlds (163 failed)

mongodb (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

redis (40 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

starter (42 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • health check (CLI) - workflow health command reports healthy endpoints
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

turso (41 failed):

  • addTenWorkflow
  • addTenWorkflow
  • should work with react rendering in step
  • promiseAllWorkflow
  • promiseRaceWorkflow
  • promiseAnyWorkflow
  • hookWorkflow
  • webhookWorkflow
  • sleepingWorkflow
  • nullByteWorkflow
  • workflowAndStepMetadataWorkflow
  • fetchWorkflow
  • promiseRaceStressTestWorkflow
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors nested function calls preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation workflow errors cross-file imports preserve message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors basic step error preserves message and stack trace
  • error handling error propagation step errors cross-file step error preserves message and function names in stack
  • error handling retry behavior regular Error retries until success
  • error handling retry behavior FatalError fails immediately without retries
  • error handling retry behavior RetryableError respects custom retryAfter delay
  • error handling retry behavior maxRetries=0 disables retries
  • error handling catchability FatalError can be caught and detected with FatalError.is()
  • hookCleanupTestWorkflow - hook token reuse after workflow completion
  • concurrent hook token conflict - two workflows cannot use the same hook token simultaneously
  • stepFunctionPassingWorkflow - step function references can be passed as arguments (without closure vars)
  • stepFunctionWithClosureWorkflow - step function with closure variables passed as argument
  • closureVariableWorkflow - nested step functions with closure variables
  • spawnWorkflowFromStepWorkflow - spawning a child workflow using start() inside a step
  • health check (queue-based) - workflow and step endpoints respond to health check messages
  • pathsAliasWorkflow - TypeScript path aliases resolve correctly
  • Calculator.calculate - static workflow method using static step methods from another class
  • AllInOneService.processNumber - static workflow method using sibling static step methods
  • ChainableService.processWithThis - static step methods using this to reference the class
  • thisSerializationWorkflow - step function invoked with .call() and .apply()
  • customSerializationWorkflow - custom class serialization with WORKFLOW_SERIALIZE/WORKFLOW_DESERIALIZE
  • instanceMethodStepWorkflow - instance methods with "use step" directive
  • crossContextSerdeWorkflow - classes defined in step code are deserializable in workflow context
  • stepFunctionAsStartArgWorkflow - step function reference passed as start() argument
  • pages router addTenWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router promiseAllWorkflow via pages router
  • pages router sleepingWorkflow via pages router

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro4404
✅ example4404
✅ express4404
✅ fastify4404
✅ hono4404
✅ nextjs-turbopack4701
✅ nextjs-webpack4701
✅ nitro4404
✅ nuxt4404
✅ sveltekit4404
✅ vite4404
✅ 💻 Local Development
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 📦 Local Production
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ astro-stable4107
✅ express-stable4107
✅ fastify-stable4107
✅ hono-stable4107
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable4503
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable4503
✅ nitro-stable4107
✅ nuxt-stable4107
✅ sveltekit-stable4107
✅ vite-stable4107
✅ 🪟 Windows
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack4503
❌ 🌍 Community Worlds
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ mongodb-dev300
❌ mongodb5403
✅ redis-dev300
❌ redis5403
✅ starter-dev300
❌ starter3423
✅ turso-dev300
❌ turso4413
✅ 📋 Other
AppPassedFailedSkipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable4107
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable4107

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Pull request overview

This pull request implements client-side runId generation as a prerequisite for the planned E2E encryption feature. It generates workflow run IDs using ULID (wrun_${ulid()}) in the start() function before serialization, eliminating the need for the deferred Promise<string> pattern that was previously used when runIds were server-generated.

Changes:

  • Generates runId client-side in start() using monotonic ULID factory before serialization
  • Simplifies runId types from string | Promise<string> to string throughout the serialization layer
  • Updates Storage.events.create() interface to accept string | null for the first overload (previously just null)

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 10 out of 10 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

Show a summary per file
FileDescription
packages/core/src/runtime/start.tsAdds client-side runId generation using ULID and verification that server accepted it; removes withResolvers pattern
packages/core/src/serialization.tsSimplifies runId parameter types from string | Promise<string> to string in all dehydrate/hydrate functions and stream classes
packages/core/src/runtime/start.test.tsUpdates mock to return client-provided runId and expects wrun_ prefix instead of null
packages/core/src/writable-stream.test.tsRemoves tests for Promise-based runId handling; updates error messages
packages/world/src/interfaces.tsUpdates Streamer methods and Storage.events.create() signature to use plain string runId
packages/world/src/events.tsUpdates comment for RunCreatedEventRequest
packages/world-vercel/src/events.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-postgres/src/storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
packages/world-local/src/storage/events-storage.tsUpdates comment to reflect client-provided runId support
.opencode/plans/e2e-encryption-plan.mdAdds comprehensive E2E encryption implementation plan that relies on client-side runId generation

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@TooTallNateGraphite App

TooTallNate commented Feb 6, 2026

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@TooTallNate
TooTallNateforce-pushed the nate/client-side-runid branch from 49b2939 to c9082c5CompareFebruary 8, 2026 08:09
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate merged commit d9e9859 into mainFeb 8, 2026
152 of 153 checks passed
@TooTallNate
TooTallNate deleted the nate/client-side-runid branch February 8, 2026 08:27
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3 participants

@TooTallNate@VaguelySerious