[test] Forward-port reused-sleep replay divergence test

[VaguelySerious]

Forward-port of #2169

[changeset-bot]

⚠️ No Changeset found

Latest commit: 880d8bb

Merging this PR will not cause a version bump for any packages. If these changes should not result in a new version, you're good to go. If these changes should result in a version bump, you need to add a changeset.

This PR includes no changesets

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Click here to learn what changesets are, and how to add one.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add a changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-6.5% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.964s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.4% 🟢)	1.011s (-3.1%)	0.955s	10	1.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s	1.006s	0.946s	10	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.063s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.949s	10	1.57x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.068s	1.014s	0.946s	10	1.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.267s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.118s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.850s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.394s (-3.8%)	2.591s (+3.3%)	2.197s	10	1.48x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.429s (+82.3% 🔺)	2.669s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.240s	10	1.61x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.085s (-4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.090s (-3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.916s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.106s (-3.0%)	2.009s (~)	0.903s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.110s (-3.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.899s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.129s	2.006s	0.877s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.139s	2.010s	0.871s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.651s (-11.9% 🟢)	3.699s (-2.9%)	2.047s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.708s (-16.1% 🟢)	3.237s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.529s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.713s (-56.0% 🟢)	3.655s (-38.1% 🟢)	1.942s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.478s (-4.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.543s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.523s (-3.7%)	11.021s (~)	0.499s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.549s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.471s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.573s (-2.7%)	11.017s (~)	0.444s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.756s	11.023s	0.266s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.910s	11.347s	0.437s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.966s (-45.4% 🟢)	14.871s (-40.8% 🟢)	1.905s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.350s (-22.9% 🟢)	14.710s (-24.2% 🟢)	1.360s	3	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.287s (-15.9% 🟢)	16.041s (-19.9% 🟢)	1.753s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.657s (-9.3% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.661s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.366s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.739s (-5.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.781s (-5.5% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.239s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.409s	15.028s	0.619s	4	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.618s	15.020s	0.402s	4	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.742s (-67.8% 🟢)	22.830s (-65.7% 🟢)	2.088s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.169s (-57.9% 🟢)	23.250s (-55.8% 🟢)	2.081s	3	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.419s (-59.3% 🟢)	23.007s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.588s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.320s (-26.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.704s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.352s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.674s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.553s (-10.1% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.464s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.728s (-9.1% 🟢)	13.162s (-9.8% 🟢)	0.434s	7	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.681s	14.025s	0.344s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.350s	15.019s	0.670s	6	1.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	31.721s (-92.5% 🟢)	33.689s (-92.1% 🟢)	1.968s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.832s (-73.7% 🟢)	33.683s (-72.8% 🟢)	1.851s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.144s (-91.6% 🟢)	35.342s (-91.1% 🟢)	2.198s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.162s (-8.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.845s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.201s (-4.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.807s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.205s (-26.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.801s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.246s	2.007s	0.761s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.250s (-16.0% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.755s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.280s	2.005s	0.725s	15	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.441s (-13.4% 🟢)	3.974s (-8.1% 🟢)	1.533s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.453s (-14.2% 🟢)	3.967s (-14.2% 🟢)	1.514s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.320s (-2.3%)	4.757s (-3.6%)	1.438s	7	1.36x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.223s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.784s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.252s (-47.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.755s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.382s	2.007s	0.625s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.690s (-46.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.316s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Express	1.706s (-42.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.300s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.813s	2.007s	0.194s	15	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.469s (-14.4% 🟢)	5.244s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.775s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.477s (-3.9%)	5.031s (-1.6%)	1.554s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.681s (-48.1% 🟢)	5.053s (-43.3% 🟢)	1.372s	7	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.327s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.680s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.409s (-59.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.600s	15	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s	2.078s	0.401s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.354s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.010s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.656s	6	3.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.611s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.012s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.401s	6	3.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.484s	6.213s	0.729s	5	4.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.155s (+46.2% 🔺)	7.420s (+34.1% 🔺)	2.266s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.298s (+24.9% 🔺)	7.376s (+20.4% 🔺)	2.078s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (-40.3% 🟢)	6.583s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.259s	5	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.175s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.193s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.815s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.236s	2.010s	0.774s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.373s	2.005s	0.632s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	1.476s (-22.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.530s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.517s (-18.7% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.489s	15	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.286s (-7.0% 🟢)	3.764s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.478s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.500s (-3.1%)	4.194s (-3.6%)	1.693s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.658s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.013s (+8.0% 🔺)	2.355s	6	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.230s (-47.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.778s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.263s (-46.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.745s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.400s	2.008s	0.609s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.882s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.315s (-40.4% 🟢)	0.433s	13	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.004s (-36.0% 🟢)	2.392s (-36.4% 🟢)	0.388s	13	1.63x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.010s	2.734s	0.725s	11	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.407s (+5.4% 🔺)	4.963s (-2.3%)	1.556s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.490s (+9.3% 🔺)	5.444s (+13.6% 🔺)	1.955s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.494s (+11.2% 🔺)	5.019s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.525s	6	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.324s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.683s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.379s (-60.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.628s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.710s	2.154s	0.444s	14	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.949s (-45.9% 🟢)	5.514s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.565s	6	3.74x
💻 Local	Express	5.242s (-40.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-38.8% 🟢)	0.437s	6	3.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.784s	6.414s	0.630s	5	4.37x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.669s (-8.3% 🟢)	6.711s (-1.6%)	2.042s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.265s (-22.1% 🟢)	6.728s (-21.3% 🟢)	1.463s	5	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	158.001s (+2362.2% 🔺)	160.745s (+1865.5% 🔺)	2.744s	2	33.84x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.550s (-32.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.456s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.572s (-31.8% 🟢)	1.024s (~)	0.452s	59	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.583s (-40.5% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.421s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.601s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.421s	59	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.812s	1.023s	0.211s	59	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.851s	1.004s	0.153s	60	1.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.719s (-67.5% 🟢)	6.325s (-60.7% 🟢)	1.606s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.818s (-74.7% 🟢)	6.583s (-69.1% 🟢)	1.765s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.854s (-78.0% 🟢)	6.678s (-72.2% 🟢)	1.824s	9	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.309s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-4.4%)	0.698s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.355s (-31.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-11.1% 🟢)	0.653s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.420s (-53.2% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.586s	45	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.570s (-47.9% 🟢)	2.122s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.552s	43	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.901s	2.053s	0.152s	44	1.45x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.085s	2.943s	0.858s	31	1.59x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	11.840s (-70.0% 🟢)	14.012s (-66.1% 🟢)	2.172s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	11.989s (-65.3% 🟢)	14.079s (-61.8% 🟢)	2.091s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.762s (-74.4% 🟢)	14.416s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.654s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.681s (-34.7% 🟢)	3.084s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.403s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.686s (-32.7% 🟢)	3.085s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.399s	39	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	3.158s (-65.7% 🟢)	3.852s (-61.5% 🟢)	0.694s	32	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.159s (-66.0% 🟢)	3.675s (-63.3% 🟢)	0.516s	33	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.744s	4.009s	0.265s	30	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.305s	5.010s	0.705s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	24.206s (-81.4% 🟢)	26.011s (-80.3% 🟢)	1.805s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.239s (-75.0% 🟢)	26.770s (-72.8% 🟢)	2.530s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.317s (-73.6% 🟢)	30.175s (-72.3% 🟢)	1.858s	5	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.206s (-27.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.800s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.229s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.777s	60	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.261s	1.006s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.400s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.604s	60	1.95x
💻 Local	Express	0.404s (-27.9% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.600s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.529s	1.004s	0.475s	60	2.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.171s (+30.7% 🔺)	4.038s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.867s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.399s (+18.6% 🔺)	3.701s (-2.4%)	1.302s	17	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.703s (+38.3% 🔺)	4.502s (+23.8% 🔺)	1.799s	14	1.25x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.315s (-36.5% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.690s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.366s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.1%)	0.652s	89	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.465s	1.007s	0.541s	90	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.077s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.608s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.532s	35	6.59x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.160s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.638s (-12.3% 🟢)	0.478s	35	6.85x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.045s	0.704s	30	7.43x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.775s (+48.0% 🔺)	6.649s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.875s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.457s (+79.1% 🔺)	7.111s (+47.9% 🔺)	1.654s	13	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.283s (+77.7% 🔺)	7.605s (+46.4% 🔺)	1.322s	13	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.596s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.410s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.676s (-17.4% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.330s	120	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.928s	1.340s	0.412s	90	1.56x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.380s (-16.2% 🟢)	10.029s (-14.0% 🟢)	0.649s	12	15.74x
💻 Local	Express	9.589s (-14.3% 🟢)	10.027s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.438s	12	16.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.475s	11.214s	0.739s	11	17.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.606s (+76.2% 🔺)	15.763s (+67.7% 🔺)	2.157s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	15.101s (+103.5% 🔺)	16.794s (+81.7% 🔺)	1.693s	8	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.316s (+48.3% 🔺)	16.885s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.569s	8	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.853s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+443.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-14.4% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (+488.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-13.2% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.846s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.182s (+476.2% 🔺)	2.002s (+100.4% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.829s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.214s	2.003s	0.012s	2.019s	0.805s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.785s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.139s (-44.2% 🟢)	3.412s (-35.3% 🟢)	1.281s (+72.6% 🔺)	5.132s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.214s (-11.6% 🟢)	3.257s (-20.4% 🟢)	2.055s (+113.9% 🔺)	5.773s (+3.3%)	3.559s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.335s (-65.9% 🟢)	3.104s (-64.1% 🟢)	13.627s (+2056.5% 🔺)	17.116s (+74.9% 🔺)	14.780s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.561s (+150.2% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.003s (-17.0% 🟢)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.463s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.592s (+152.7% 🔺)	2.006s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.004s (~)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.432s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.715s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.306s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.721s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.305s	30	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.742s (+107.7% 🔺)	2.010s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.008s (-11.6% 🟢)	2.199s (+97.1% 🔺)	0.457s	28	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	1.745s (+130.5% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.009s (-2.9%)	2.201s (+111.6% 🔺)	0.456s	28	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.006s (-7.7% 🟢)	7.351s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.265s (-35.1% 🟢)	8.218s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.212s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.037s (-79.5% 🟢)	7.562s (-75.5% 🟢)	0.252s (+125.3% 🔺)	8.294s (-73.9% 🟢)	2.257s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.526s (-61.4% 🟢)	6.860s (-62.4% 🟢)	0.218s (+3.4%)	8.102s (-57.2% 🟢)	1.576s	8	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.690s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.034s (-17.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-58.6% 🟢)	1.044s (-17.0% 🟢)	0.354s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.697s (-27.5% 🟢)	1.032s (-19.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-61.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.351s	59	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.837s	1.071s	0.000s	1.078s	0.241s	57	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.368s (+11.6% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.648s	30	1.98x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.375s (+12.4% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+333.3% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.641s	30	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s	2.013s	0.000s	2.015s	0.551s	30	2.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.661s (-2.1%)	5.081s (~)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.564s (+0.6%)	1.903s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.051s (+32.8% 🔺)	5.312s (+20.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+136.4% 🔺)	5.830s (+21.2% 🔺)	1.779s	11	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.606s (-54.8% 🟢)	5.795s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.160s (-48.9% 🟢)	1.555s	10	1.26x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.345s (-24.1% 🟢)	2.031s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.071s (-5.8% 🟢)	0.727s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.392s (-22.3% 🟢)	2.103s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.721s	29	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.620s	2.071s	0.000s	2.126s	0.506s	29	1.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.936s	3.616s	0.000s	3.619s	0.684s	17	2.18x
💻 Local	Express	2.965s (-14.5% 🟢)	3.733s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-63.2% 🟢)	3.735s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.770s	17	2.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.289s (-2.9%)	3.732s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.001s (+21.3% 🔺)	4.030s (~)	0.741s	17	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.101s (+11.2% 🔺)	6.466s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.043s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.942s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.023s (+47.1% 🔺)	7.326s (+36.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.862s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.839s	8	1.18x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.209s (+28.3% 🔺)	8.380s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.783s (+16.5% 🔺)	1.575s	7	1.41x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	15/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7048	0	1052	8100

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: success
• Local Dev: success
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[VaguelySerious]

Forward-port of #2169

[changeset-bot]

⚠️ No Changeset found

Latest commit: 880d8bb

Merging this PR will not cause a version bump for any packages. If these changes should not result in a new version, you're good to go. If these changes should result in a version bump, you need to add a changeset.

This PR includes no changesets

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Click here to learn what changesets are, and how to add one.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add a changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-6.5% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.964s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.4% 🟢)	1.011s (-3.1%)	0.955s	10	1.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s	1.006s	0.946s	10	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.063s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.949s	10	1.57x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.068s	1.014s	0.946s	10	1.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.267s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.118s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.850s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.394s (-3.8%)	2.591s (+3.3%)	2.197s	10	1.48x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.429s (+82.3% 🔺)	2.669s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.240s	10	1.61x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.085s (-4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.090s (-3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.916s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.106s (-3.0%)	2.009s (~)	0.903s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.110s (-3.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.899s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.129s	2.006s	0.877s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.139s	2.010s	0.871s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.651s (-11.9% 🟢)	3.699s (-2.9%)	2.047s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.708s (-16.1% 🟢)	3.237s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.529s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.713s (-56.0% 🟢)	3.655s (-38.1% 🟢)	1.942s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.478s (-4.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.543s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.523s (-3.7%)	11.021s (~)	0.499s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.549s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.471s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.573s (-2.7%)	11.017s (~)	0.444s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.756s	11.023s	0.266s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.910s	11.347s	0.437s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.966s (-45.4% 🟢)	14.871s (-40.8% 🟢)	1.905s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.350s (-22.9% 🟢)	14.710s (-24.2% 🟢)	1.360s	3	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.287s (-15.9% 🟢)	16.041s (-19.9% 🟢)	1.753s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.657s (-9.3% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.661s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.366s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.739s (-5.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.781s (-5.5% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.239s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.409s	15.028s	0.619s	4	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.618s	15.020s	0.402s	4	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.742s (-67.8% 🟢)	22.830s (-65.7% 🟢)	2.088s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.169s (-57.9% 🟢)	23.250s (-55.8% 🟢)	2.081s	3	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.419s (-59.3% 🟢)	23.007s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.588s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.320s (-26.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.704s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.352s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.674s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.553s (-10.1% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.464s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.728s (-9.1% 🟢)	13.162s (-9.8% 🟢)	0.434s	7	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.681s	14.025s	0.344s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.350s	15.019s	0.670s	6	1.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	31.721s (-92.5% 🟢)	33.689s (-92.1% 🟢)	1.968s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.832s (-73.7% 🟢)	33.683s (-72.8% 🟢)	1.851s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.144s (-91.6% 🟢)	35.342s (-91.1% 🟢)	2.198s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.162s (-8.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.845s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.201s (-4.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.807s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.205s (-26.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.801s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.246s	2.007s	0.761s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.250s (-16.0% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.755s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.280s	2.005s	0.725s	15	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.441s (-13.4% 🟢)	3.974s (-8.1% 🟢)	1.533s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.453s (-14.2% 🟢)	3.967s (-14.2% 🟢)	1.514s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.320s (-2.3%)	4.757s (-3.6%)	1.438s	7	1.36x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.223s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.784s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.252s (-47.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.755s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.382s	2.007s	0.625s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.690s (-46.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.316s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Express	1.706s (-42.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.300s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.813s	2.007s	0.194s	15	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.469s (-14.4% 🟢)	5.244s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.775s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.477s (-3.9%)	5.031s (-1.6%)	1.554s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.681s (-48.1% 🟢)	5.053s (-43.3% 🟢)	1.372s	7	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.327s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.680s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.409s (-59.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.600s	15	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s	2.078s	0.401s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.354s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.010s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.656s	6	3.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.611s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.012s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.401s	6	3.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.484s	6.213s	0.729s	5	4.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.155s (+46.2% 🔺)	7.420s (+34.1% 🔺)	2.266s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.298s (+24.9% 🔺)	7.376s (+20.4% 🔺)	2.078s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (-40.3% 🟢)	6.583s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.259s	5	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.175s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.193s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.815s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.236s	2.010s	0.774s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.373s	2.005s	0.632s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	1.476s (-22.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.530s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.517s (-18.7% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.489s	15	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.286s (-7.0% 🟢)	3.764s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.478s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.500s (-3.1%)	4.194s (-3.6%)	1.693s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.658s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.013s (+8.0% 🔺)	2.355s	6	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.230s (-47.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.778s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.263s (-46.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.745s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.400s	2.008s	0.609s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.882s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.315s (-40.4% 🟢)	0.433s	13	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.004s (-36.0% 🟢)	2.392s (-36.4% 🟢)	0.388s	13	1.63x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.010s	2.734s	0.725s	11	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.407s (+5.4% 🔺)	4.963s (-2.3%)	1.556s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.490s (+9.3% 🔺)	5.444s (+13.6% 🔺)	1.955s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.494s (+11.2% 🔺)	5.019s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.525s	6	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.324s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.683s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.379s (-60.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.628s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.710s	2.154s	0.444s	14	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.949s (-45.9% 🟢)	5.514s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.565s	6	3.74x
💻 Local	Express	5.242s (-40.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-38.8% 🟢)	0.437s	6	3.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.784s	6.414s	0.630s	5	4.37x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.669s (-8.3% 🟢)	6.711s (-1.6%)	2.042s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.265s (-22.1% 🟢)	6.728s (-21.3% 🟢)	1.463s	5	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	158.001s (+2362.2% 🔺)	160.745s (+1865.5% 🔺)	2.744s	2	33.84x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.550s (-32.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.456s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.572s (-31.8% 🟢)	1.024s (~)	0.452s	59	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.583s (-40.5% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.421s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.601s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.421s	59	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.812s	1.023s	0.211s	59	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.851s	1.004s	0.153s	60	1.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.719s (-67.5% 🟢)	6.325s (-60.7% 🟢)	1.606s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.818s (-74.7% 🟢)	6.583s (-69.1% 🟢)	1.765s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.854s (-78.0% 🟢)	6.678s (-72.2% 🟢)	1.824s	9	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.309s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-4.4%)	0.698s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.355s (-31.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-11.1% 🟢)	0.653s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.420s (-53.2% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.586s	45	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.570s (-47.9% 🟢)	2.122s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.552s	43	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.901s	2.053s	0.152s	44	1.45x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.085s	2.943s	0.858s	31	1.59x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	11.840s (-70.0% 🟢)	14.012s (-66.1% 🟢)	2.172s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	11.989s (-65.3% 🟢)	14.079s (-61.8% 🟢)	2.091s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.762s (-74.4% 🟢)	14.416s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.654s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.681s (-34.7% 🟢)	3.084s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.403s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.686s (-32.7% 🟢)	3.085s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.399s	39	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	3.158s (-65.7% 🟢)	3.852s (-61.5% 🟢)	0.694s	32	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.159s (-66.0% 🟢)	3.675s (-63.3% 🟢)	0.516s	33	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.744s	4.009s	0.265s	30	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.305s	5.010s	0.705s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	24.206s (-81.4% 🟢)	26.011s (-80.3% 🟢)	1.805s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.239s (-75.0% 🟢)	26.770s (-72.8% 🟢)	2.530s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.317s (-73.6% 🟢)	30.175s (-72.3% 🟢)	1.858s	5	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.206s (-27.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.800s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.229s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.777s	60	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.261s	1.006s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.400s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.604s	60	1.95x
💻 Local	Express	0.404s (-27.9% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.600s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.529s	1.004s	0.475s	60	2.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.171s (+30.7% 🔺)	4.038s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.867s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.399s (+18.6% 🔺)	3.701s (-2.4%)	1.302s	17	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.703s (+38.3% 🔺)	4.502s (+23.8% 🔺)	1.799s	14	1.25x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.315s (-36.5% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.690s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.366s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.1%)	0.652s	89	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.465s	1.007s	0.541s	90	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.077s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.608s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.532s	35	6.59x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.160s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.638s (-12.3% 🟢)	0.478s	35	6.85x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.045s	0.704s	30	7.43x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.775s (+48.0% 🔺)	6.649s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.875s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.457s (+79.1% 🔺)	7.111s (+47.9% 🔺)	1.654s	13	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.283s (+77.7% 🔺)	7.605s (+46.4% 🔺)	1.322s	13	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.596s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.410s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.676s (-17.4% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.330s	120	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.928s	1.340s	0.412s	90	1.56x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.380s (-16.2% 🟢)	10.029s (-14.0% 🟢)	0.649s	12	15.74x
💻 Local	Express	9.589s (-14.3% 🟢)	10.027s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.438s	12	16.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.475s	11.214s	0.739s	11	17.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.606s (+76.2% 🔺)	15.763s (+67.7% 🔺)	2.157s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	15.101s (+103.5% 🔺)	16.794s (+81.7% 🔺)	1.693s	8	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.316s (+48.3% 🔺)	16.885s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.569s	8	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.853s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+443.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-14.4% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (+488.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-13.2% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.846s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.182s (+476.2% 🔺)	2.002s (+100.4% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.829s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.214s	2.003s	0.012s	2.019s	0.805s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.785s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.139s (-44.2% 🟢)	3.412s (-35.3% 🟢)	1.281s (+72.6% 🔺)	5.132s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.214s (-11.6% 🟢)	3.257s (-20.4% 🟢)	2.055s (+113.9% 🔺)	5.773s (+3.3%)	3.559s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.335s (-65.9% 🟢)	3.104s (-64.1% 🟢)	13.627s (+2056.5% 🔺)	17.116s (+74.9% 🔺)	14.780s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.561s (+150.2% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.003s (-17.0% 🟢)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.463s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.592s (+152.7% 🔺)	2.006s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.004s (~)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.432s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.715s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.306s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.721s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.305s	30	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.742s (+107.7% 🔺)	2.010s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.008s (-11.6% 🟢)	2.199s (+97.1% 🔺)	0.457s	28	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	1.745s (+130.5% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.009s (-2.9%)	2.201s (+111.6% 🔺)	0.456s	28	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.006s (-7.7% 🟢)	7.351s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.265s (-35.1% 🟢)	8.218s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.212s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.037s (-79.5% 🟢)	7.562s (-75.5% 🟢)	0.252s (+125.3% 🔺)	8.294s (-73.9% 🟢)	2.257s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.526s (-61.4% 🟢)	6.860s (-62.4% 🟢)	0.218s (+3.4%)	8.102s (-57.2% 🟢)	1.576s	8	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.690s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.034s (-17.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-58.6% 🟢)	1.044s (-17.0% 🟢)	0.354s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.697s (-27.5% 🟢)	1.032s (-19.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-61.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.351s	59	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.837s	1.071s	0.000s	1.078s	0.241s	57	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.368s (+11.6% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.648s	30	1.98x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.375s (+12.4% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+333.3% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.641s	30	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s	2.013s	0.000s	2.015s	0.551s	30	2.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.661s (-2.1%)	5.081s (~)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.564s (+0.6%)	1.903s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.051s (+32.8% 🔺)	5.312s (+20.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+136.4% 🔺)	5.830s (+21.2% 🔺)	1.779s	11	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.606s (-54.8% 🟢)	5.795s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.160s (-48.9% 🟢)	1.555s	10	1.26x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.345s (-24.1% 🟢)	2.031s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.071s (-5.8% 🟢)	0.727s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.392s (-22.3% 🟢)	2.103s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.721s	29	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.620s	2.071s	0.000s	2.126s	0.506s	29	1.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.936s	3.616s	0.000s	3.619s	0.684s	17	2.18x
💻 Local	Express	2.965s (-14.5% 🟢)	3.733s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-63.2% 🟢)	3.735s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.770s	17	2.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.289s (-2.9%)	3.732s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.001s (+21.3% 🔺)	4.030s (~)	0.741s	17	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.101s (+11.2% 🔺)	6.466s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.043s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.942s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.023s (+47.1% 🔺)	7.326s (+36.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.862s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.839s	8	1.18x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.209s (+28.3% 🔺)	8.380s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.783s (+16.5% 🔺)	1.575s	7	1.41x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	15/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7048	0	1052	8100

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: success
• Local Dev: success
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[VaguelySerious]

Forward-port of #2169

[changeset-bot]

⚠️ No Changeset found

Latest commit: 880d8bb

Merging this PR will not cause a version bump for any packages. If these changes should not result in a new version, you're good to go. If these changes should result in a version bump, you need to add a changeset.

This PR includes no changesets

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Click here to learn what changesets are, and how to add one.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add a changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-6.5% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.964s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.4% 🟢)	1.011s (-3.1%)	0.955s	10	1.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s	1.006s	0.946s	10	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.063s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.949s	10	1.57x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.068s	1.014s	0.946s	10	1.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.267s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.118s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.850s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.394s (-3.8%)	2.591s (+3.3%)	2.197s	10	1.48x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.429s (+82.3% 🔺)	2.669s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.240s	10	1.61x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.085s (-4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.090s (-3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.916s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.106s (-3.0%)	2.009s (~)	0.903s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.110s (-3.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.899s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.129s	2.006s	0.877s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.139s	2.010s	0.871s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.651s (-11.9% 🟢)	3.699s (-2.9%)	2.047s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.708s (-16.1% 🟢)	3.237s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.529s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.713s (-56.0% 🟢)	3.655s (-38.1% 🟢)	1.942s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.478s (-4.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.543s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.523s (-3.7%)	11.021s (~)	0.499s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.549s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.471s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.573s (-2.7%)	11.017s (~)	0.444s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.756s	11.023s	0.266s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.910s	11.347s	0.437s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.966s (-45.4% 🟢)	14.871s (-40.8% 🟢)	1.905s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.350s (-22.9% 🟢)	14.710s (-24.2% 🟢)	1.360s	3	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.287s (-15.9% 🟢)	16.041s (-19.9% 🟢)	1.753s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.657s (-9.3% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.661s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.366s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.739s (-5.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.781s (-5.5% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.239s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.409s	15.028s	0.619s	4	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.618s	15.020s	0.402s	4	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.742s (-67.8% 🟢)	22.830s (-65.7% 🟢)	2.088s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.169s (-57.9% 🟢)	23.250s (-55.8% 🟢)	2.081s	3	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.419s (-59.3% 🟢)	23.007s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.588s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.320s (-26.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.704s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.352s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.674s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.553s (-10.1% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.464s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.728s (-9.1% 🟢)	13.162s (-9.8% 🟢)	0.434s	7	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.681s	14.025s	0.344s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.350s	15.019s	0.670s	6	1.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	31.721s (-92.5% 🟢)	33.689s (-92.1% 🟢)	1.968s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.832s (-73.7% 🟢)	33.683s (-72.8% 🟢)	1.851s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.144s (-91.6% 🟢)	35.342s (-91.1% 🟢)	2.198s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.162s (-8.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.845s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.201s (-4.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.807s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.205s (-26.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.801s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.246s	2.007s	0.761s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.250s (-16.0% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.755s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.280s	2.005s	0.725s	15	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.441s (-13.4% 🟢)	3.974s (-8.1% 🟢)	1.533s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.453s (-14.2% 🟢)	3.967s (-14.2% 🟢)	1.514s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.320s (-2.3%)	4.757s (-3.6%)	1.438s	7	1.36x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.223s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.784s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.252s (-47.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.755s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.382s	2.007s	0.625s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.690s (-46.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.316s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Express	1.706s (-42.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.300s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.813s	2.007s	0.194s	15	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.469s (-14.4% 🟢)	5.244s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.775s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.477s (-3.9%)	5.031s (-1.6%)	1.554s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.681s (-48.1% 🟢)	5.053s (-43.3% 🟢)	1.372s	7	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.327s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.680s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.409s (-59.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.600s	15	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s	2.078s	0.401s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.354s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.010s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.656s	6	3.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.611s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.012s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.401s	6	3.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.484s	6.213s	0.729s	5	4.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.155s (+46.2% 🔺)	7.420s (+34.1% 🔺)	2.266s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.298s (+24.9% 🔺)	7.376s (+20.4% 🔺)	2.078s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (-40.3% 🟢)	6.583s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.259s	5	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.175s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.193s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.815s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.236s	2.010s	0.774s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.373s	2.005s	0.632s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	1.476s (-22.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.530s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.517s (-18.7% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.489s	15	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.286s (-7.0% 🟢)	3.764s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.478s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.500s (-3.1%)	4.194s (-3.6%)	1.693s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.658s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.013s (+8.0% 🔺)	2.355s	6	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.230s (-47.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.778s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.263s (-46.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.745s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.400s	2.008s	0.609s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.882s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.315s (-40.4% 🟢)	0.433s	13	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.004s (-36.0% 🟢)	2.392s (-36.4% 🟢)	0.388s	13	1.63x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.010s	2.734s	0.725s	11	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.407s (+5.4% 🔺)	4.963s (-2.3%)	1.556s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.490s (+9.3% 🔺)	5.444s (+13.6% 🔺)	1.955s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.494s (+11.2% 🔺)	5.019s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.525s	6	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.324s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.683s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.379s (-60.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.628s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.710s	2.154s	0.444s	14	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.949s (-45.9% 🟢)	5.514s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.565s	6	3.74x
💻 Local	Express	5.242s (-40.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-38.8% 🟢)	0.437s	6	3.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.784s	6.414s	0.630s	5	4.37x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.669s (-8.3% 🟢)	6.711s (-1.6%)	2.042s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.265s (-22.1% 🟢)	6.728s (-21.3% 🟢)	1.463s	5	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	158.001s (+2362.2% 🔺)	160.745s (+1865.5% 🔺)	2.744s	2	33.84x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.550s (-32.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.456s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.572s (-31.8% 🟢)	1.024s (~)	0.452s	59	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.583s (-40.5% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.421s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.601s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.421s	59	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.812s	1.023s	0.211s	59	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.851s	1.004s	0.153s	60	1.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.719s (-67.5% 🟢)	6.325s (-60.7% 🟢)	1.606s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.818s (-74.7% 🟢)	6.583s (-69.1% 🟢)	1.765s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.854s (-78.0% 🟢)	6.678s (-72.2% 🟢)	1.824s	9	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.309s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-4.4%)	0.698s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.355s (-31.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-11.1% 🟢)	0.653s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.420s (-53.2% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.586s	45	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.570s (-47.9% 🟢)	2.122s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.552s	43	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.901s	2.053s	0.152s	44	1.45x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.085s	2.943s	0.858s	31	1.59x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	11.840s (-70.0% 🟢)	14.012s (-66.1% 🟢)	2.172s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	11.989s (-65.3% 🟢)	14.079s (-61.8% 🟢)	2.091s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.762s (-74.4% 🟢)	14.416s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.654s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.681s (-34.7% 🟢)	3.084s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.403s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.686s (-32.7% 🟢)	3.085s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.399s	39	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	3.158s (-65.7% 🟢)	3.852s (-61.5% 🟢)	0.694s	32	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.159s (-66.0% 🟢)	3.675s (-63.3% 🟢)	0.516s	33	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.744s	4.009s	0.265s	30	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.305s	5.010s	0.705s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	24.206s (-81.4% 🟢)	26.011s (-80.3% 🟢)	1.805s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.239s (-75.0% 🟢)	26.770s (-72.8% 🟢)	2.530s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.317s (-73.6% 🟢)	30.175s (-72.3% 🟢)	1.858s	5	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.206s (-27.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.800s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.229s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.777s	60	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.261s	1.006s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.400s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.604s	60	1.95x
💻 Local	Express	0.404s (-27.9% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.600s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.529s	1.004s	0.475s	60	2.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.171s (+30.7% 🔺)	4.038s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.867s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.399s (+18.6% 🔺)	3.701s (-2.4%)	1.302s	17	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.703s (+38.3% 🔺)	4.502s (+23.8% 🔺)	1.799s	14	1.25x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.315s (-36.5% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.690s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.366s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.1%)	0.652s	89	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.465s	1.007s	0.541s	90	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.077s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.608s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.532s	35	6.59x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.160s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.638s (-12.3% 🟢)	0.478s	35	6.85x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.045s	0.704s	30	7.43x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.775s (+48.0% 🔺)	6.649s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.875s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.457s (+79.1% 🔺)	7.111s (+47.9% 🔺)	1.654s	13	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.283s (+77.7% 🔺)	7.605s (+46.4% 🔺)	1.322s	13	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.596s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.410s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.676s (-17.4% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.330s	120	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.928s	1.340s	0.412s	90	1.56x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.380s (-16.2% 🟢)	10.029s (-14.0% 🟢)	0.649s	12	15.74x
💻 Local	Express	9.589s (-14.3% 🟢)	10.027s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.438s	12	16.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.475s	11.214s	0.739s	11	17.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.606s (+76.2% 🔺)	15.763s (+67.7% 🔺)	2.157s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	15.101s (+103.5% 🔺)	16.794s (+81.7% 🔺)	1.693s	8	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.316s (+48.3% 🔺)	16.885s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.569s	8	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.853s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+443.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-14.4% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (+488.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-13.2% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.846s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.182s (+476.2% 🔺)	2.002s (+100.4% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.829s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.214s	2.003s	0.012s	2.019s	0.805s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.785s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.139s (-44.2% 🟢)	3.412s (-35.3% 🟢)	1.281s (+72.6% 🔺)	5.132s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.214s (-11.6% 🟢)	3.257s (-20.4% 🟢)	2.055s (+113.9% 🔺)	5.773s (+3.3%)	3.559s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.335s (-65.9% 🟢)	3.104s (-64.1% 🟢)	13.627s (+2056.5% 🔺)	17.116s (+74.9% 🔺)	14.780s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.561s (+150.2% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.003s (-17.0% 🟢)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.463s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.592s (+152.7% 🔺)	2.006s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.004s (~)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.432s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.715s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.306s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.721s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.305s	30	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.742s (+107.7% 🔺)	2.010s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.008s (-11.6% 🟢)	2.199s (+97.1% 🔺)	0.457s	28	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	1.745s (+130.5% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.009s (-2.9%)	2.201s (+111.6% 🔺)	0.456s	28	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.006s (-7.7% 🟢)	7.351s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.265s (-35.1% 🟢)	8.218s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.212s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.037s (-79.5% 🟢)	7.562s (-75.5% 🟢)	0.252s (+125.3% 🔺)	8.294s (-73.9% 🟢)	2.257s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.526s (-61.4% 🟢)	6.860s (-62.4% 🟢)	0.218s (+3.4%)	8.102s (-57.2% 🟢)	1.576s	8	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.690s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.034s (-17.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-58.6% 🟢)	1.044s (-17.0% 🟢)	0.354s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.697s (-27.5% 🟢)	1.032s (-19.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-61.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.351s	59	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.837s	1.071s	0.000s	1.078s	0.241s	57	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.368s (+11.6% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.648s	30	1.98x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.375s (+12.4% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+333.3% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.641s	30	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s	2.013s	0.000s	2.015s	0.551s	30	2.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.661s (-2.1%)	5.081s (~)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.564s (+0.6%)	1.903s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.051s (+32.8% 🔺)	5.312s (+20.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+136.4% 🔺)	5.830s (+21.2% 🔺)	1.779s	11	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.606s (-54.8% 🟢)	5.795s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.160s (-48.9% 🟢)	1.555s	10	1.26x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.345s (-24.1% 🟢)	2.031s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.071s (-5.8% 🟢)	0.727s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.392s (-22.3% 🟢)	2.103s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.721s	29	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.620s	2.071s	0.000s	2.126s	0.506s	29	1.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.936s	3.616s	0.000s	3.619s	0.684s	17	2.18x
💻 Local	Express	2.965s (-14.5% 🟢)	3.733s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-63.2% 🟢)	3.735s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.770s	17	2.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.289s (-2.9%)	3.732s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.001s (+21.3% 🔺)	4.030s (~)	0.741s	17	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.101s (+11.2% 🔺)	6.466s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.043s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.942s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.023s (+47.1% 🔺)	7.326s (+36.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.862s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.839s	8	1.18x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.209s (+28.3% 🔺)	8.380s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.783s (+16.5% 🔺)	1.575s	7	1.41x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	15/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7048	0	1052	8100

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: success
• Local Dev: success
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[VaguelySerious]

Forward-port of #2169

[changeset-bot]

⚠️ No Changeset found

Latest commit: 880d8bb

Merging this PR will not cause a version bump for any packages. If these changes should not result in a new version, you're good to go. If these changes should result in a version bump, you need to add a changeset.

This PR includes no changesets

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Click here to learn what changesets are, and how to add one.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add a changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-6.5% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.964s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.4% 🟢)	1.011s (-3.1%)	0.955s	10	1.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s	1.006s	0.946s	10	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.063s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.949s	10	1.57x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.068s	1.014s	0.946s	10	1.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.267s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.118s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.850s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.394s (-3.8%)	2.591s (+3.3%)	2.197s	10	1.48x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.429s (+82.3% 🔺)	2.669s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.240s	10	1.61x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.085s (-4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.090s (-3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.916s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.106s (-3.0%)	2.009s (~)	0.903s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.110s (-3.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.899s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.129s	2.006s	0.877s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.139s	2.010s	0.871s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.651s (-11.9% 🟢)	3.699s (-2.9%)	2.047s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.708s (-16.1% 🟢)	3.237s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.529s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.713s (-56.0% 🟢)	3.655s (-38.1% 🟢)	1.942s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.478s (-4.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.543s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.523s (-3.7%)	11.021s (~)	0.499s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.549s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.471s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.573s (-2.7%)	11.017s (~)	0.444s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.756s	11.023s	0.266s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.910s	11.347s	0.437s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.966s (-45.4% 🟢)	14.871s (-40.8% 🟢)	1.905s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.350s (-22.9% 🟢)	14.710s (-24.2% 🟢)	1.360s	3	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.287s (-15.9% 🟢)	16.041s (-19.9% 🟢)	1.753s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.657s (-9.3% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.661s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.366s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.739s (-5.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.781s (-5.5% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.239s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.409s	15.028s	0.619s	4	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.618s	15.020s	0.402s	4	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.742s (-67.8% 🟢)	22.830s (-65.7% 🟢)	2.088s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.169s (-57.9% 🟢)	23.250s (-55.8% 🟢)	2.081s	3	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.419s (-59.3% 🟢)	23.007s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.588s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.320s (-26.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.704s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.352s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.674s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.553s (-10.1% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.464s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.728s (-9.1% 🟢)	13.162s (-9.8% 🟢)	0.434s	7	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.681s	14.025s	0.344s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.350s	15.019s	0.670s	6	1.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	31.721s (-92.5% 🟢)	33.689s (-92.1% 🟢)	1.968s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.832s (-73.7% 🟢)	33.683s (-72.8% 🟢)	1.851s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.144s (-91.6% 🟢)	35.342s (-91.1% 🟢)	2.198s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.162s (-8.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.845s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.201s (-4.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.807s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.205s (-26.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.801s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.246s	2.007s	0.761s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.250s (-16.0% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.755s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.280s	2.005s	0.725s	15	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.441s (-13.4% 🟢)	3.974s (-8.1% 🟢)	1.533s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.453s (-14.2% 🟢)	3.967s (-14.2% 🟢)	1.514s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.320s (-2.3%)	4.757s (-3.6%)	1.438s	7	1.36x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.223s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.784s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.252s (-47.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.755s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.382s	2.007s	0.625s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.690s (-46.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.316s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Express	1.706s (-42.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.300s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.813s	2.007s	0.194s	15	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.469s (-14.4% 🟢)	5.244s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.775s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.477s (-3.9%)	5.031s (-1.6%)	1.554s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.681s (-48.1% 🟢)	5.053s (-43.3% 🟢)	1.372s	7	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.327s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.680s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.409s (-59.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.600s	15	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s	2.078s	0.401s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.354s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.010s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.656s	6	3.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.611s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.012s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.401s	6	3.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.484s	6.213s	0.729s	5	4.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.155s (+46.2% 🔺)	7.420s (+34.1% 🔺)	2.266s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.298s (+24.9% 🔺)	7.376s (+20.4% 🔺)	2.078s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (-40.3% 🟢)	6.583s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.259s	5	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.175s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.193s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.815s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.236s	2.010s	0.774s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.373s	2.005s	0.632s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	1.476s (-22.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.530s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.517s (-18.7% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.489s	15	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.286s (-7.0% 🟢)	3.764s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.478s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.500s (-3.1%)	4.194s (-3.6%)	1.693s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.658s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.013s (+8.0% 🔺)	2.355s	6	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.230s (-47.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.778s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.263s (-46.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.745s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.400s	2.008s	0.609s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.882s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.315s (-40.4% 🟢)	0.433s	13	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.004s (-36.0% 🟢)	2.392s (-36.4% 🟢)	0.388s	13	1.63x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.010s	2.734s	0.725s	11	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.407s (+5.4% 🔺)	4.963s (-2.3%)	1.556s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.490s (+9.3% 🔺)	5.444s (+13.6% 🔺)	1.955s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.494s (+11.2% 🔺)	5.019s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.525s	6	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.324s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.683s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.379s (-60.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.628s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.710s	2.154s	0.444s	14	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.949s (-45.9% 🟢)	5.514s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.565s	6	3.74x
💻 Local	Express	5.242s (-40.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-38.8% 🟢)	0.437s	6	3.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.784s	6.414s	0.630s	5	4.37x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.669s (-8.3% 🟢)	6.711s (-1.6%)	2.042s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.265s (-22.1% 🟢)	6.728s (-21.3% 🟢)	1.463s	5	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	158.001s (+2362.2% 🔺)	160.745s (+1865.5% 🔺)	2.744s	2	33.84x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.550s (-32.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.456s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.572s (-31.8% 🟢)	1.024s (~)	0.452s	59	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.583s (-40.5% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.421s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.601s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.421s	59	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.812s	1.023s	0.211s	59	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.851s	1.004s	0.153s	60	1.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.719s (-67.5% 🟢)	6.325s (-60.7% 🟢)	1.606s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.818s (-74.7% 🟢)	6.583s (-69.1% 🟢)	1.765s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.854s (-78.0% 🟢)	6.678s (-72.2% 🟢)	1.824s	9	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.309s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-4.4%)	0.698s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.355s (-31.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-11.1% 🟢)	0.653s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.420s (-53.2% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.586s	45	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.570s (-47.9% 🟢)	2.122s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.552s	43	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.901s	2.053s	0.152s	44	1.45x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.085s	2.943s	0.858s	31	1.59x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	11.840s (-70.0% 🟢)	14.012s (-66.1% 🟢)	2.172s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	11.989s (-65.3% 🟢)	14.079s (-61.8% 🟢)	2.091s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.762s (-74.4% 🟢)	14.416s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.654s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.681s (-34.7% 🟢)	3.084s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.403s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.686s (-32.7% 🟢)	3.085s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.399s	39	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	3.158s (-65.7% 🟢)	3.852s (-61.5% 🟢)	0.694s	32	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.159s (-66.0% 🟢)	3.675s (-63.3% 🟢)	0.516s	33	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.744s	4.009s	0.265s	30	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.305s	5.010s	0.705s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	24.206s (-81.4% 🟢)	26.011s (-80.3% 🟢)	1.805s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.239s (-75.0% 🟢)	26.770s (-72.8% 🟢)	2.530s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.317s (-73.6% 🟢)	30.175s (-72.3% 🟢)	1.858s	5	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.206s (-27.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.800s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.229s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.777s	60	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.261s	1.006s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.400s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.604s	60	1.95x
💻 Local	Express	0.404s (-27.9% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.600s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.529s	1.004s	0.475s	60	2.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.171s (+30.7% 🔺)	4.038s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.867s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.399s (+18.6% 🔺)	3.701s (-2.4%)	1.302s	17	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.703s (+38.3% 🔺)	4.502s (+23.8% 🔺)	1.799s	14	1.25x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.315s (-36.5% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.690s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.366s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.1%)	0.652s	89	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.465s	1.007s	0.541s	90	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.077s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.608s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.532s	35	6.59x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.160s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.638s (-12.3% 🟢)	0.478s	35	6.85x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.045s	0.704s	30	7.43x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.775s (+48.0% 🔺)	6.649s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.875s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.457s (+79.1% 🔺)	7.111s (+47.9% 🔺)	1.654s	13	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.283s (+77.7% 🔺)	7.605s (+46.4% 🔺)	1.322s	13	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.596s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.410s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.676s (-17.4% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.330s	120	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.928s	1.340s	0.412s	90	1.56x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.380s (-16.2% 🟢)	10.029s (-14.0% 🟢)	0.649s	12	15.74x
💻 Local	Express	9.589s (-14.3% 🟢)	10.027s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.438s	12	16.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.475s	11.214s	0.739s	11	17.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.606s (+76.2% 🔺)	15.763s (+67.7% 🔺)	2.157s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	15.101s (+103.5% 🔺)	16.794s (+81.7% 🔺)	1.693s	8	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.316s (+48.3% 🔺)	16.885s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.569s	8	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.853s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+443.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-14.4% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (+488.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-13.2% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.846s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.182s (+476.2% 🔺)	2.002s (+100.4% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.829s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.214s	2.003s	0.012s	2.019s	0.805s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.785s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.139s (-44.2% 🟢)	3.412s (-35.3% 🟢)	1.281s (+72.6% 🔺)	5.132s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.214s (-11.6% 🟢)	3.257s (-20.4% 🟢)	2.055s (+113.9% 🔺)	5.773s (+3.3%)	3.559s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.335s (-65.9% 🟢)	3.104s (-64.1% 🟢)	13.627s (+2056.5% 🔺)	17.116s (+74.9% 🔺)	14.780s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.561s (+150.2% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.003s (-17.0% 🟢)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.463s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.592s (+152.7% 🔺)	2.006s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.004s (~)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.432s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.715s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.306s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.721s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.305s	30	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.742s (+107.7% 🔺)	2.010s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.008s (-11.6% 🟢)	2.199s (+97.1% 🔺)	0.457s	28	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	1.745s (+130.5% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.009s (-2.9%)	2.201s (+111.6% 🔺)	0.456s	28	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.006s (-7.7% 🟢)	7.351s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.265s (-35.1% 🟢)	8.218s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.212s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.037s (-79.5% 🟢)	7.562s (-75.5% 🟢)	0.252s (+125.3% 🔺)	8.294s (-73.9% 🟢)	2.257s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.526s (-61.4% 🟢)	6.860s (-62.4% 🟢)	0.218s (+3.4%)	8.102s (-57.2% 🟢)	1.576s	8	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.690s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.034s (-17.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-58.6% 🟢)	1.044s (-17.0% 🟢)	0.354s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.697s (-27.5% 🟢)	1.032s (-19.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-61.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.351s	59	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.837s	1.071s	0.000s	1.078s	0.241s	57	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.368s (+11.6% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.648s	30	1.98x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.375s (+12.4% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+333.3% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.641s	30	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s	2.013s	0.000s	2.015s	0.551s	30	2.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.661s (-2.1%)	5.081s (~)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.564s (+0.6%)	1.903s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.051s (+32.8% 🔺)	5.312s (+20.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+136.4% 🔺)	5.830s (+21.2% 🔺)	1.779s	11	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.606s (-54.8% 🟢)	5.795s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.160s (-48.9% 🟢)	1.555s	10	1.26x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.345s (-24.1% 🟢)	2.031s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.071s (-5.8% 🟢)	0.727s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.392s (-22.3% 🟢)	2.103s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.721s	29	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.620s	2.071s	0.000s	2.126s	0.506s	29	1.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.936s	3.616s	0.000s	3.619s	0.684s	17	2.18x
💻 Local	Express	2.965s (-14.5% 🟢)	3.733s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-63.2% 🟢)	3.735s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.770s	17	2.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.289s (-2.9%)	3.732s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.001s (+21.3% 🔺)	4.030s (~)	0.741s	17	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.101s (+11.2% 🔺)	6.466s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.043s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.942s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.023s (+47.1% 🔺)	7.326s (+36.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.862s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.839s	8	1.18x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.209s (+28.3% 🔺)	8.380s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.783s (+16.5% 🔺)	1.575s	7	1.41x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	15/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7048	0	1052	8100

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: success
• Local Dev: success
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[VaguelySerious]

Forward-port of #2169

[changeset-bot]

⚠️ No Changeset found

Latest commit: 880d8bb

Merging this PR will not cause a version bump for any packages. If these changes should not result in a new version, you're good to go. If these changes should result in a version bump, you need to add a changeset.

This PR includes no changesets

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Click here to learn what changesets are, and how to add one.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add a changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-6.5% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.964s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.4% 🟢)	1.011s (-3.1%)	0.955s	10	1.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s	1.006s	0.946s	10	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.063s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.949s	10	1.57x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.068s	1.014s	0.946s	10	1.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.267s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.118s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.850s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.394s (-3.8%)	2.591s (+3.3%)	2.197s	10	1.48x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.429s (+82.3% 🔺)	2.669s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.240s	10	1.61x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.085s (-4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.090s (-3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.916s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.106s (-3.0%)	2.009s (~)	0.903s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.110s (-3.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.899s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.129s	2.006s	0.877s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.139s	2.010s	0.871s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.651s (-11.9% 🟢)	3.699s (-2.9%)	2.047s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.708s (-16.1% 🟢)	3.237s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.529s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.713s (-56.0% 🟢)	3.655s (-38.1% 🟢)	1.942s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.478s (-4.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.543s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.523s (-3.7%)	11.021s (~)	0.499s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.549s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.471s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.573s (-2.7%)	11.017s (~)	0.444s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.756s	11.023s	0.266s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.910s	11.347s	0.437s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.966s (-45.4% 🟢)	14.871s (-40.8% 🟢)	1.905s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.350s (-22.9% 🟢)	14.710s (-24.2% 🟢)	1.360s	3	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.287s (-15.9% 🟢)	16.041s (-19.9% 🟢)	1.753s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.657s (-9.3% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.661s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.366s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.739s (-5.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.781s (-5.5% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.239s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.409s	15.028s	0.619s	4	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.618s	15.020s	0.402s	4	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.742s (-67.8% 🟢)	22.830s (-65.7% 🟢)	2.088s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.169s (-57.9% 🟢)	23.250s (-55.8% 🟢)	2.081s	3	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.419s (-59.3% 🟢)	23.007s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.588s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.320s (-26.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.704s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.352s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.674s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.553s (-10.1% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.464s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.728s (-9.1% 🟢)	13.162s (-9.8% 🟢)	0.434s	7	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.681s	14.025s	0.344s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.350s	15.019s	0.670s	6	1.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	31.721s (-92.5% 🟢)	33.689s (-92.1% 🟢)	1.968s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.832s (-73.7% 🟢)	33.683s (-72.8% 🟢)	1.851s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.144s (-91.6% 🟢)	35.342s (-91.1% 🟢)	2.198s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.162s (-8.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.845s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.201s (-4.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.807s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.205s (-26.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.801s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.246s	2.007s	0.761s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.250s (-16.0% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.755s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.280s	2.005s	0.725s	15	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.441s (-13.4% 🟢)	3.974s (-8.1% 🟢)	1.533s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.453s (-14.2% 🟢)	3.967s (-14.2% 🟢)	1.514s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.320s (-2.3%)	4.757s (-3.6%)	1.438s	7	1.36x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.223s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.784s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.252s (-47.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.755s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.382s	2.007s	0.625s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.690s (-46.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.316s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Express	1.706s (-42.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.300s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.813s	2.007s	0.194s	15	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.469s (-14.4% 🟢)	5.244s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.775s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.477s (-3.9%)	5.031s (-1.6%)	1.554s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.681s (-48.1% 🟢)	5.053s (-43.3% 🟢)	1.372s	7	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.327s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.680s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.409s (-59.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.600s	15	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s	2.078s	0.401s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.354s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.010s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.656s	6	3.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.611s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.012s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.401s	6	3.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.484s	6.213s	0.729s	5	4.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.155s (+46.2% 🔺)	7.420s (+34.1% 🔺)	2.266s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.298s (+24.9% 🔺)	7.376s (+20.4% 🔺)	2.078s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (-40.3% 🟢)	6.583s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.259s	5	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.175s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.193s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.815s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.236s	2.010s	0.774s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.373s	2.005s	0.632s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	1.476s (-22.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.530s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.517s (-18.7% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.489s	15	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.286s (-7.0% 🟢)	3.764s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.478s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.500s (-3.1%)	4.194s (-3.6%)	1.693s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.658s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.013s (+8.0% 🔺)	2.355s	6	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.230s (-47.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.778s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.263s (-46.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.745s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.400s	2.008s	0.609s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.882s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.315s (-40.4% 🟢)	0.433s	13	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.004s (-36.0% 🟢)	2.392s (-36.4% 🟢)	0.388s	13	1.63x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.010s	2.734s	0.725s	11	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.407s (+5.4% 🔺)	4.963s (-2.3%)	1.556s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.490s (+9.3% 🔺)	5.444s (+13.6% 🔺)	1.955s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.494s (+11.2% 🔺)	5.019s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.525s	6	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.324s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.683s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.379s (-60.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.628s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.710s	2.154s	0.444s	14	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.949s (-45.9% 🟢)	5.514s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.565s	6	3.74x
💻 Local	Express	5.242s (-40.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-38.8% 🟢)	0.437s	6	3.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.784s	6.414s	0.630s	5	4.37x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.669s (-8.3% 🟢)	6.711s (-1.6%)	2.042s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.265s (-22.1% 🟢)	6.728s (-21.3% 🟢)	1.463s	5	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	158.001s (+2362.2% 🔺)	160.745s (+1865.5% 🔺)	2.744s	2	33.84x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.550s (-32.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.456s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.572s (-31.8% 🟢)	1.024s (~)	0.452s	59	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.583s (-40.5% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.421s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.601s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.421s	59	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.812s	1.023s	0.211s	59	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.851s	1.004s	0.153s	60	1.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.719s (-67.5% 🟢)	6.325s (-60.7% 🟢)	1.606s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.818s (-74.7% 🟢)	6.583s (-69.1% 🟢)	1.765s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.854s (-78.0% 🟢)	6.678s (-72.2% 🟢)	1.824s	9	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.309s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-4.4%)	0.698s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.355s (-31.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-11.1% 🟢)	0.653s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.420s (-53.2% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.586s	45	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.570s (-47.9% 🟢)	2.122s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.552s	43	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.901s	2.053s	0.152s	44	1.45x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.085s	2.943s	0.858s	31	1.59x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	11.840s (-70.0% 🟢)	14.012s (-66.1% 🟢)	2.172s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	11.989s (-65.3% 🟢)	14.079s (-61.8% 🟢)	2.091s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.762s (-74.4% 🟢)	14.416s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.654s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.681s (-34.7% 🟢)	3.084s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.403s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.686s (-32.7% 🟢)	3.085s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.399s	39	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	3.158s (-65.7% 🟢)	3.852s (-61.5% 🟢)	0.694s	32	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.159s (-66.0% 🟢)	3.675s (-63.3% 🟢)	0.516s	33	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.744s	4.009s	0.265s	30	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.305s	5.010s	0.705s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	24.206s (-81.4% 🟢)	26.011s (-80.3% 🟢)	1.805s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.239s (-75.0% 🟢)	26.770s (-72.8% 🟢)	2.530s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.317s (-73.6% 🟢)	30.175s (-72.3% 🟢)	1.858s	5	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.206s (-27.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.800s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.229s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.777s	60	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.261s	1.006s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.400s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.604s	60	1.95x
💻 Local	Express	0.404s (-27.9% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.600s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.529s	1.004s	0.475s	60	2.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.171s (+30.7% 🔺)	4.038s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.867s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.399s (+18.6% 🔺)	3.701s (-2.4%)	1.302s	17	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.703s (+38.3% 🔺)	4.502s (+23.8% 🔺)	1.799s	14	1.25x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.315s (-36.5% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.690s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.366s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.1%)	0.652s	89	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.465s	1.007s	0.541s	90	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.077s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.608s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.532s	35	6.59x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.160s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.638s (-12.3% 🟢)	0.478s	35	6.85x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.045s	0.704s	30	7.43x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.775s (+48.0% 🔺)	6.649s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.875s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.457s (+79.1% 🔺)	7.111s (+47.9% 🔺)	1.654s	13	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.283s (+77.7% 🔺)	7.605s (+46.4% 🔺)	1.322s	13	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.596s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.410s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.676s (-17.4% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.330s	120	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.928s	1.340s	0.412s	90	1.56x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.380s (-16.2% 🟢)	10.029s (-14.0% 🟢)	0.649s	12	15.74x
💻 Local	Express	9.589s (-14.3% 🟢)	10.027s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.438s	12	16.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.475s	11.214s	0.739s	11	17.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.606s (+76.2% 🔺)	15.763s (+67.7% 🔺)	2.157s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	15.101s (+103.5% 🔺)	16.794s (+81.7% 🔺)	1.693s	8	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.316s (+48.3% 🔺)	16.885s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.569s	8	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.853s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+443.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-14.4% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (+488.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-13.2% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.846s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.182s (+476.2% 🔺)	2.002s (+100.4% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.829s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.214s	2.003s	0.012s	2.019s	0.805s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.785s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.139s (-44.2% 🟢)	3.412s (-35.3% 🟢)	1.281s (+72.6% 🔺)	5.132s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.214s (-11.6% 🟢)	3.257s (-20.4% 🟢)	2.055s (+113.9% 🔺)	5.773s (+3.3%)	3.559s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.335s (-65.9% 🟢)	3.104s (-64.1% 🟢)	13.627s (+2056.5% 🔺)	17.116s (+74.9% 🔺)	14.780s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.561s (+150.2% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.003s (-17.0% 🟢)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.463s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.592s (+152.7% 🔺)	2.006s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.004s (~)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.432s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.715s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.306s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.721s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.305s	30	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.742s (+107.7% 🔺)	2.010s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.008s (-11.6% 🟢)	2.199s (+97.1% 🔺)	0.457s	28	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	1.745s (+130.5% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.009s (-2.9%)	2.201s (+111.6% 🔺)	0.456s	28	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.006s (-7.7% 🟢)	7.351s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.265s (-35.1% 🟢)	8.218s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.212s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.037s (-79.5% 🟢)	7.562s (-75.5% 🟢)	0.252s (+125.3% 🔺)	8.294s (-73.9% 🟢)	2.257s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.526s (-61.4% 🟢)	6.860s (-62.4% 🟢)	0.218s (+3.4%)	8.102s (-57.2% 🟢)	1.576s	8	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.690s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.034s (-17.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-58.6% 🟢)	1.044s (-17.0% 🟢)	0.354s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.697s (-27.5% 🟢)	1.032s (-19.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-61.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.351s	59	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.837s	1.071s	0.000s	1.078s	0.241s	57	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.368s (+11.6% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.648s	30	1.98x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.375s (+12.4% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+333.3% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.641s	30	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s	2.013s	0.000s	2.015s	0.551s	30	2.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.661s (-2.1%)	5.081s (~)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.564s (+0.6%)	1.903s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.051s (+32.8% 🔺)	5.312s (+20.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+136.4% 🔺)	5.830s (+21.2% 🔺)	1.779s	11	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.606s (-54.8% 🟢)	5.795s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.160s (-48.9% 🟢)	1.555s	10	1.26x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.345s (-24.1% 🟢)	2.031s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.071s (-5.8% 🟢)	0.727s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.392s (-22.3% 🟢)	2.103s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.721s	29	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.620s	2.071s	0.000s	2.126s	0.506s	29	1.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.936s	3.616s	0.000s	3.619s	0.684s	17	2.18x
💻 Local	Express	2.965s (-14.5% 🟢)	3.733s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-63.2% 🟢)	3.735s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.770s	17	2.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.289s (-2.9%)	3.732s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.001s (+21.3% 🔺)	4.030s (~)	0.741s	17	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.101s (+11.2% 🔺)	6.466s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.043s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.942s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.023s (+47.1% 🔺)	7.326s (+36.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.862s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.839s	8	1.18x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.209s (+28.3% 🔺)	8.380s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.783s (+16.5% 🔺)	1.575s	7	1.41x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	15/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7048	0	1052	8100

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: success
• Local Dev: success
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[VaguelySerious]

Forward-port of #2169

[changeset-bot]

⚠️ No Changeset found

Latest commit: 880d8bb

Merging this PR will not cause a version bump for any packages. If these changes should not result in a new version, you're good to go. If these changes should result in a version bump, you need to add a changeset.

This PR includes no changesets

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Click here to learn what changesets are, and how to add one.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add a changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-6.5% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.964s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.4% 🟢)	1.011s (-3.1%)	0.955s	10	1.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s	1.006s	0.946s	10	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.063s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.949s	10	1.57x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.068s	1.014s	0.946s	10	1.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.267s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.118s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.850s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.394s (-3.8%)	2.591s (+3.3%)	2.197s	10	1.48x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.429s (+82.3% 🔺)	2.669s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.240s	10	1.61x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.085s (-4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.090s (-3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.916s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.106s (-3.0%)	2.009s (~)	0.903s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.110s (-3.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.899s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.129s	2.006s	0.877s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.139s	2.010s	0.871s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.651s (-11.9% 🟢)	3.699s (-2.9%)	2.047s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.708s (-16.1% 🟢)	3.237s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.529s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.713s (-56.0% 🟢)	3.655s (-38.1% 🟢)	1.942s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.478s (-4.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.543s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.523s (-3.7%)	11.021s (~)	0.499s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.549s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.471s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.573s (-2.7%)	11.017s (~)	0.444s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.756s	11.023s	0.266s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.910s	11.347s	0.437s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.966s (-45.4% 🟢)	14.871s (-40.8% 🟢)	1.905s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.350s (-22.9% 🟢)	14.710s (-24.2% 🟢)	1.360s	3	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.287s (-15.9% 🟢)	16.041s (-19.9% 🟢)	1.753s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.657s (-9.3% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.661s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.366s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.739s (-5.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.781s (-5.5% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.239s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.409s	15.028s	0.619s	4	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.618s	15.020s	0.402s	4	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.742s (-67.8% 🟢)	22.830s (-65.7% 🟢)	2.088s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.169s (-57.9% 🟢)	23.250s (-55.8% 🟢)	2.081s	3	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.419s (-59.3% 🟢)	23.007s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.588s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.320s (-26.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.704s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.352s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.674s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.553s (-10.1% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.464s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.728s (-9.1% 🟢)	13.162s (-9.8% 🟢)	0.434s	7	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.681s	14.025s	0.344s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.350s	15.019s	0.670s	6	1.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	31.721s (-92.5% 🟢)	33.689s (-92.1% 🟢)	1.968s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.832s (-73.7% 🟢)	33.683s (-72.8% 🟢)	1.851s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.144s (-91.6% 🟢)	35.342s (-91.1% 🟢)	2.198s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.162s (-8.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.845s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.201s (-4.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.807s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.205s (-26.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.801s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.246s	2.007s	0.761s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.250s (-16.0% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.755s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.280s	2.005s	0.725s	15	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.441s (-13.4% 🟢)	3.974s (-8.1% 🟢)	1.533s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.453s (-14.2% 🟢)	3.967s (-14.2% 🟢)	1.514s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.320s (-2.3%)	4.757s (-3.6%)	1.438s	7	1.36x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.223s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.784s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.252s (-47.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.755s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.382s	2.007s	0.625s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.690s (-46.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.316s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Express	1.706s (-42.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.300s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.813s	2.007s	0.194s	15	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.469s (-14.4% 🟢)	5.244s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.775s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.477s (-3.9%)	5.031s (-1.6%)	1.554s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.681s (-48.1% 🟢)	5.053s (-43.3% 🟢)	1.372s	7	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.327s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.680s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.409s (-59.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.600s	15	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s	2.078s	0.401s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.354s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.010s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.656s	6	3.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.611s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.012s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.401s	6	3.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.484s	6.213s	0.729s	5	4.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.155s (+46.2% 🔺)	7.420s (+34.1% 🔺)	2.266s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.298s (+24.9% 🔺)	7.376s (+20.4% 🔺)	2.078s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (-40.3% 🟢)	6.583s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.259s	5	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.175s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.193s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.815s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.236s	2.010s	0.774s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.373s	2.005s	0.632s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	1.476s (-22.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.530s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.517s (-18.7% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.489s	15	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.286s (-7.0% 🟢)	3.764s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.478s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.500s (-3.1%)	4.194s (-3.6%)	1.693s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.658s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.013s (+8.0% 🔺)	2.355s	6	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.230s (-47.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.778s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.263s (-46.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.745s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.400s	2.008s	0.609s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.882s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.315s (-40.4% 🟢)	0.433s	13	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.004s (-36.0% 🟢)	2.392s (-36.4% 🟢)	0.388s	13	1.63x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.010s	2.734s	0.725s	11	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.407s (+5.4% 🔺)	4.963s (-2.3%)	1.556s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.490s (+9.3% 🔺)	5.444s (+13.6% 🔺)	1.955s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.494s (+11.2% 🔺)	5.019s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.525s	6	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.324s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.683s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.379s (-60.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.628s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.710s	2.154s	0.444s	14	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.949s (-45.9% 🟢)	5.514s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.565s	6	3.74x
💻 Local	Express	5.242s (-40.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-38.8% 🟢)	0.437s	6	3.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.784s	6.414s	0.630s	5	4.37x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.669s (-8.3% 🟢)	6.711s (-1.6%)	2.042s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.265s (-22.1% 🟢)	6.728s (-21.3% 🟢)	1.463s	5	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	158.001s (+2362.2% 🔺)	160.745s (+1865.5% 🔺)	2.744s	2	33.84x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.550s (-32.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.456s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.572s (-31.8% 🟢)	1.024s (~)	0.452s	59	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.583s (-40.5% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.421s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.601s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.421s	59	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.812s	1.023s	0.211s	59	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.851s	1.004s	0.153s	60	1.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.719s (-67.5% 🟢)	6.325s (-60.7% 🟢)	1.606s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.818s (-74.7% 🟢)	6.583s (-69.1% 🟢)	1.765s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.854s (-78.0% 🟢)	6.678s (-72.2% 🟢)	1.824s	9	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.309s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-4.4%)	0.698s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.355s (-31.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-11.1% 🟢)	0.653s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.420s (-53.2% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.586s	45	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.570s (-47.9% 🟢)	2.122s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.552s	43	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.901s	2.053s	0.152s	44	1.45x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.085s	2.943s	0.858s	31	1.59x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	11.840s (-70.0% 🟢)	14.012s (-66.1% 🟢)	2.172s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	11.989s (-65.3% 🟢)	14.079s (-61.8% 🟢)	2.091s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.762s (-74.4% 🟢)	14.416s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.654s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.681s (-34.7% 🟢)	3.084s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.403s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.686s (-32.7% 🟢)	3.085s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.399s	39	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	3.158s (-65.7% 🟢)	3.852s (-61.5% 🟢)	0.694s	32	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.159s (-66.0% 🟢)	3.675s (-63.3% 🟢)	0.516s	33	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.744s	4.009s	0.265s	30	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.305s	5.010s	0.705s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	24.206s (-81.4% 🟢)	26.011s (-80.3% 🟢)	1.805s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.239s (-75.0% 🟢)	26.770s (-72.8% 🟢)	2.530s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.317s (-73.6% 🟢)	30.175s (-72.3% 🟢)	1.858s	5	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.206s (-27.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.800s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.229s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.777s	60	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.261s	1.006s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.400s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.604s	60	1.95x
💻 Local	Express	0.404s (-27.9% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.600s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.529s	1.004s	0.475s	60	2.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.171s (+30.7% 🔺)	4.038s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.867s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.399s (+18.6% 🔺)	3.701s (-2.4%)	1.302s	17	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.703s (+38.3% 🔺)	4.502s (+23.8% 🔺)	1.799s	14	1.25x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.315s (-36.5% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.690s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.366s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.1%)	0.652s	89	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.465s	1.007s	0.541s	90	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.077s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.608s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.532s	35	6.59x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.160s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.638s (-12.3% 🟢)	0.478s	35	6.85x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.045s	0.704s	30	7.43x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.775s (+48.0% 🔺)	6.649s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.875s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.457s (+79.1% 🔺)	7.111s (+47.9% 🔺)	1.654s	13	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.283s (+77.7% 🔺)	7.605s (+46.4% 🔺)	1.322s	13	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.596s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.410s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.676s (-17.4% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.330s	120	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.928s	1.340s	0.412s	90	1.56x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.380s (-16.2% 🟢)	10.029s (-14.0% 🟢)	0.649s	12	15.74x
💻 Local	Express	9.589s (-14.3% 🟢)	10.027s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.438s	12	16.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.475s	11.214s	0.739s	11	17.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.606s (+76.2% 🔺)	15.763s (+67.7% 🔺)	2.157s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	15.101s (+103.5% 🔺)	16.794s (+81.7% 🔺)	1.693s	8	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.316s (+48.3% 🔺)	16.885s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.569s	8	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.853s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+443.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-14.4% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (+488.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-13.2% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.846s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.182s (+476.2% 🔺)	2.002s (+100.4% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.829s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.214s	2.003s	0.012s	2.019s	0.805s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.785s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.139s (-44.2% 🟢)	3.412s (-35.3% 🟢)	1.281s (+72.6% 🔺)	5.132s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.214s (-11.6% 🟢)	3.257s (-20.4% 🟢)	2.055s (+113.9% 🔺)	5.773s (+3.3%)	3.559s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.335s (-65.9% 🟢)	3.104s (-64.1% 🟢)	13.627s (+2056.5% 🔺)	17.116s (+74.9% 🔺)	14.780s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.561s (+150.2% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.003s (-17.0% 🟢)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.463s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.592s (+152.7% 🔺)	2.006s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.004s (~)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.432s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.715s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.306s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.721s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.305s	30	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.742s (+107.7% 🔺)	2.010s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.008s (-11.6% 🟢)	2.199s (+97.1% 🔺)	0.457s	28	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	1.745s (+130.5% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.009s (-2.9%)	2.201s (+111.6% 🔺)	0.456s	28	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.006s (-7.7% 🟢)	7.351s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.265s (-35.1% 🟢)	8.218s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.212s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.037s (-79.5% 🟢)	7.562s (-75.5% 🟢)	0.252s (+125.3% 🔺)	8.294s (-73.9% 🟢)	2.257s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.526s (-61.4% 🟢)	6.860s (-62.4% 🟢)	0.218s (+3.4%)	8.102s (-57.2% 🟢)	1.576s	8	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.690s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.034s (-17.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-58.6% 🟢)	1.044s (-17.0% 🟢)	0.354s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.697s (-27.5% 🟢)	1.032s (-19.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-61.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.351s	59	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.837s	1.071s	0.000s	1.078s	0.241s	57	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.368s (+11.6% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.648s	30	1.98x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.375s (+12.4% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+333.3% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.641s	30	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s	2.013s	0.000s	2.015s	0.551s	30	2.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.661s (-2.1%)	5.081s (~)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.564s (+0.6%)	1.903s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.051s (+32.8% 🔺)	5.312s (+20.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+136.4% 🔺)	5.830s (+21.2% 🔺)	1.779s	11	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.606s (-54.8% 🟢)	5.795s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.160s (-48.9% 🟢)	1.555s	10	1.26x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.345s (-24.1% 🟢)	2.031s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.071s (-5.8% 🟢)	0.727s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.392s (-22.3% 🟢)	2.103s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.721s	29	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.620s	2.071s	0.000s	2.126s	0.506s	29	1.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.936s	3.616s	0.000s	3.619s	0.684s	17	2.18x
💻 Local	Express	2.965s (-14.5% 🟢)	3.733s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-63.2% 🟢)	3.735s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.770s	17	2.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.289s (-2.9%)	3.732s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.001s (+21.3% 🔺)	4.030s (~)	0.741s	17	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.101s (+11.2% 🔺)	6.466s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.043s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.942s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.023s (+47.1% 🔺)	7.326s (+36.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.862s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.839s	8	1.18x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.209s (+28.3% 🔺)	8.380s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.783s (+16.5% 🔺)	1.575s	7	1.41x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	15/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7048	0	1052	8100

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: success
• Local Dev: success
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[VaguelySerious]

Forward-port of #2169

[changeset-bot]

⚠️ No Changeset found

Latest commit: 880d8bb

Merging this PR will not cause a version bump for any packages. If these changes should not result in a new version, you're good to go. If these changes should result in a version bump, you need to add a changeset.

This PR includes no changesets

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Click here to learn what changesets are, and how to add one.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add a changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-6.5% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.964s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.4% 🟢)	1.011s (-3.1%)	0.955s	10	1.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s	1.006s	0.946s	10	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.063s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.949s	10	1.57x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.068s	1.014s	0.946s	10	1.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.267s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.118s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.850s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.394s (-3.8%)	2.591s (+3.3%)	2.197s	10	1.48x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.429s (+82.3% 🔺)	2.669s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.240s	10	1.61x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.085s (-4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.090s (-3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.916s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.106s (-3.0%)	2.009s (~)	0.903s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.110s (-3.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.899s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.129s	2.006s	0.877s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.139s	2.010s	0.871s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.651s (-11.9% 🟢)	3.699s (-2.9%)	2.047s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.708s (-16.1% 🟢)	3.237s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.529s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.713s (-56.0% 🟢)	3.655s (-38.1% 🟢)	1.942s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.478s (-4.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.543s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.523s (-3.7%)	11.021s (~)	0.499s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.549s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.471s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.573s (-2.7%)	11.017s (~)	0.444s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.756s	11.023s	0.266s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.910s	11.347s	0.437s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.966s (-45.4% 🟢)	14.871s (-40.8% 🟢)	1.905s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.350s (-22.9% 🟢)	14.710s (-24.2% 🟢)	1.360s	3	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.287s (-15.9% 🟢)	16.041s (-19.9% 🟢)	1.753s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.657s (-9.3% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.661s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.366s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.739s (-5.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.781s (-5.5% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.239s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.409s	15.028s	0.619s	4	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.618s	15.020s	0.402s	4	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.742s (-67.8% 🟢)	22.830s (-65.7% 🟢)	2.088s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.169s (-57.9% 🟢)	23.250s (-55.8% 🟢)	2.081s	3	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.419s (-59.3% 🟢)	23.007s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.588s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.320s (-26.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.704s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.352s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.674s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.553s (-10.1% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.464s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.728s (-9.1% 🟢)	13.162s (-9.8% 🟢)	0.434s	7	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.681s	14.025s	0.344s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.350s	15.019s	0.670s	6	1.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	31.721s (-92.5% 🟢)	33.689s (-92.1% 🟢)	1.968s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.832s (-73.7% 🟢)	33.683s (-72.8% 🟢)	1.851s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.144s (-91.6% 🟢)	35.342s (-91.1% 🟢)	2.198s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.162s (-8.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.845s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.201s (-4.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.807s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.205s (-26.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.801s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.246s	2.007s	0.761s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.250s (-16.0% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.755s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.280s	2.005s	0.725s	15	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.441s (-13.4% 🟢)	3.974s (-8.1% 🟢)	1.533s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.453s (-14.2% 🟢)	3.967s (-14.2% 🟢)	1.514s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.320s (-2.3%)	4.757s (-3.6%)	1.438s	7	1.36x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.223s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.784s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.252s (-47.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.755s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.382s	2.007s	0.625s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.690s (-46.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.316s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Express	1.706s (-42.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.300s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.813s	2.007s	0.194s	15	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.469s (-14.4% 🟢)	5.244s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.775s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.477s (-3.9%)	5.031s (-1.6%)	1.554s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.681s (-48.1% 🟢)	5.053s (-43.3% 🟢)	1.372s	7	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.327s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.680s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.409s (-59.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.600s	15	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s	2.078s	0.401s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.354s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.010s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.656s	6	3.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.611s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.012s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.401s	6	3.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.484s	6.213s	0.729s	5	4.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.155s (+46.2% 🔺)	7.420s (+34.1% 🔺)	2.266s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.298s (+24.9% 🔺)	7.376s (+20.4% 🔺)	2.078s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (-40.3% 🟢)	6.583s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.259s	5	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.175s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.193s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.815s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.236s	2.010s	0.774s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.373s	2.005s	0.632s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	1.476s (-22.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.530s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.517s (-18.7% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.489s	15	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.286s (-7.0% 🟢)	3.764s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.478s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.500s (-3.1%)	4.194s (-3.6%)	1.693s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.658s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.013s (+8.0% 🔺)	2.355s	6	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.230s (-47.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.778s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.263s (-46.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.745s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.400s	2.008s	0.609s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.882s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.315s (-40.4% 🟢)	0.433s	13	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.004s (-36.0% 🟢)	2.392s (-36.4% 🟢)	0.388s	13	1.63x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.010s	2.734s	0.725s	11	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.407s (+5.4% 🔺)	4.963s (-2.3%)	1.556s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.490s (+9.3% 🔺)	5.444s (+13.6% 🔺)	1.955s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.494s (+11.2% 🔺)	5.019s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.525s	6	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.324s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.683s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.379s (-60.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.628s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.710s	2.154s	0.444s	14	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.949s (-45.9% 🟢)	5.514s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.565s	6	3.74x
💻 Local	Express	5.242s (-40.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-38.8% 🟢)	0.437s	6	3.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.784s	6.414s	0.630s	5	4.37x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.669s (-8.3% 🟢)	6.711s (-1.6%)	2.042s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.265s (-22.1% 🟢)	6.728s (-21.3% 🟢)	1.463s	5	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	158.001s (+2362.2% 🔺)	160.745s (+1865.5% 🔺)	2.744s	2	33.84x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.550s (-32.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.456s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.572s (-31.8% 🟢)	1.024s (~)	0.452s	59	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.583s (-40.5% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.421s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.601s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.421s	59	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.812s	1.023s	0.211s	59	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.851s	1.004s	0.153s	60	1.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.719s (-67.5% 🟢)	6.325s (-60.7% 🟢)	1.606s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.818s (-74.7% 🟢)	6.583s (-69.1% 🟢)	1.765s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.854s (-78.0% 🟢)	6.678s (-72.2% 🟢)	1.824s	9	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.309s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-4.4%)	0.698s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.355s (-31.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-11.1% 🟢)	0.653s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.420s (-53.2% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.586s	45	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.570s (-47.9% 🟢)	2.122s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.552s	43	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.901s	2.053s	0.152s	44	1.45x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.085s	2.943s	0.858s	31	1.59x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	11.840s (-70.0% 🟢)	14.012s (-66.1% 🟢)	2.172s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	11.989s (-65.3% 🟢)	14.079s (-61.8% 🟢)	2.091s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.762s (-74.4% 🟢)	14.416s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.654s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.681s (-34.7% 🟢)	3.084s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.403s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.686s (-32.7% 🟢)	3.085s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.399s	39	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	3.158s (-65.7% 🟢)	3.852s (-61.5% 🟢)	0.694s	32	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.159s (-66.0% 🟢)	3.675s (-63.3% 🟢)	0.516s	33	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.744s	4.009s	0.265s	30	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.305s	5.010s	0.705s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	24.206s (-81.4% 🟢)	26.011s (-80.3% 🟢)	1.805s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.239s (-75.0% 🟢)	26.770s (-72.8% 🟢)	2.530s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.317s (-73.6% 🟢)	30.175s (-72.3% 🟢)	1.858s	5	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.206s (-27.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.800s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.229s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.777s	60	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.261s	1.006s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.400s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.604s	60	1.95x
💻 Local	Express	0.404s (-27.9% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.600s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.529s	1.004s	0.475s	60	2.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.171s (+30.7% 🔺)	4.038s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.867s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.399s (+18.6% 🔺)	3.701s (-2.4%)	1.302s	17	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.703s (+38.3% 🔺)	4.502s (+23.8% 🔺)	1.799s	14	1.25x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.315s (-36.5% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.690s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.366s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.1%)	0.652s	89	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.465s	1.007s	0.541s	90	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.077s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.608s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.532s	35	6.59x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.160s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.638s (-12.3% 🟢)	0.478s	35	6.85x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.045s	0.704s	30	7.43x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.775s (+48.0% 🔺)	6.649s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.875s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.457s (+79.1% 🔺)	7.111s (+47.9% 🔺)	1.654s	13	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.283s (+77.7% 🔺)	7.605s (+46.4% 🔺)	1.322s	13	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.596s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.410s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.676s (-17.4% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.330s	120	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.928s	1.340s	0.412s	90	1.56x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.380s (-16.2% 🟢)	10.029s (-14.0% 🟢)	0.649s	12	15.74x
💻 Local	Express	9.589s (-14.3% 🟢)	10.027s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.438s	12	16.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.475s	11.214s	0.739s	11	17.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.606s (+76.2% 🔺)	15.763s (+67.7% 🔺)	2.157s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	15.101s (+103.5% 🔺)	16.794s (+81.7% 🔺)	1.693s	8	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.316s (+48.3% 🔺)	16.885s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.569s	8	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.853s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+443.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-14.4% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (+488.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-13.2% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.846s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.182s (+476.2% 🔺)	2.002s (+100.4% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.829s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.214s	2.003s	0.012s	2.019s	0.805s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.785s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.139s (-44.2% 🟢)	3.412s (-35.3% 🟢)	1.281s (+72.6% 🔺)	5.132s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.214s (-11.6% 🟢)	3.257s (-20.4% 🟢)	2.055s (+113.9% 🔺)	5.773s (+3.3%)	3.559s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.335s (-65.9% 🟢)	3.104s (-64.1% 🟢)	13.627s (+2056.5% 🔺)	17.116s (+74.9% 🔺)	14.780s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.561s (+150.2% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.003s (-17.0% 🟢)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.463s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.592s (+152.7% 🔺)	2.006s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.004s (~)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.432s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.715s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.306s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.721s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.305s	30	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.742s (+107.7% 🔺)	2.010s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.008s (-11.6% 🟢)	2.199s (+97.1% 🔺)	0.457s	28	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	1.745s (+130.5% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.009s (-2.9%)	2.201s (+111.6% 🔺)	0.456s	28	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.006s (-7.7% 🟢)	7.351s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.265s (-35.1% 🟢)	8.218s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.212s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.037s (-79.5% 🟢)	7.562s (-75.5% 🟢)	0.252s (+125.3% 🔺)	8.294s (-73.9% 🟢)	2.257s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.526s (-61.4% 🟢)	6.860s (-62.4% 🟢)	0.218s (+3.4%)	8.102s (-57.2% 🟢)	1.576s	8	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.690s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.034s (-17.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-58.6% 🟢)	1.044s (-17.0% 🟢)	0.354s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.697s (-27.5% 🟢)	1.032s (-19.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-61.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.351s	59	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.837s	1.071s	0.000s	1.078s	0.241s	57	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.368s (+11.6% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.648s	30	1.98x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.375s (+12.4% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+333.3% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.641s	30	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s	2.013s	0.000s	2.015s	0.551s	30	2.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.661s (-2.1%)	5.081s (~)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.564s (+0.6%)	1.903s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.051s (+32.8% 🔺)	5.312s (+20.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+136.4% 🔺)	5.830s (+21.2% 🔺)	1.779s	11	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.606s (-54.8% 🟢)	5.795s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.160s (-48.9% 🟢)	1.555s	10	1.26x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.345s (-24.1% 🟢)	2.031s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.071s (-5.8% 🟢)	0.727s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.392s (-22.3% 🟢)	2.103s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.721s	29	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.620s	2.071s	0.000s	2.126s	0.506s	29	1.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.936s	3.616s	0.000s	3.619s	0.684s	17	2.18x
💻 Local	Express	2.965s (-14.5% 🟢)	3.733s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-63.2% 🟢)	3.735s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.770s	17	2.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.289s (-2.9%)	3.732s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.001s (+21.3% 🔺)	4.030s (~)	0.741s	17	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.101s (+11.2% 🔺)	6.466s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.043s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.942s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.023s (+47.1% 🔺)	7.326s (+36.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.862s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.839s	8	1.18x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.209s (+28.3% 🔺)	8.380s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.783s (+16.5% 🔺)	1.575s	7	1.41x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	15/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7048	0	1052	8100

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: success
• Local Dev: success
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[VaguelySerious]

Forward-port of #2169

[changeset-bot]

⚠️ No Changeset found

Latest commit: 880d8bb

Merging this PR will not cause a version bump for any packages. If these changes should not result in a new version, you're good to go. If these changes should result in a version bump, you need to add a changeset.

This PR includes no changesets

When changesets are added to this PR, you'll see the packages that this PR includes changesets for and the associated semver types

Click here to learn what changesets are, and how to add one.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add a changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	May 30, 2026 7:34am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-6.5% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-7.7% 🟢)	1.005s (~)	0.964s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.056s (-41.4% 🟢)	1.011s (-3.1%)	0.955s	10	1.38x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.059s	1.006s	0.946s	10	1.47x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.063s (+8.8% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.949s	10	1.57x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.068s	1.014s	0.946s	10	1.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.267s (+6.3% 🔺)	2.118s (-9.2% 🟢)	1.850s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.394s (-3.8%)	2.591s (+3.3%)	2.197s	10	1.48x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.429s (+82.3% 🔺)	2.669s (+25.0% 🔺)	2.240s	10	1.61x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.085s (-4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.090s (-3.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.916s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.106s (-3.0%)	2.009s (~)	0.903s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.110s (-3.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.899s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.129s	2.006s	0.877s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.139s	2.010s	0.871s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.651s (-11.9% 🟢)	3.699s (-2.9%)	2.047s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.708s (-16.1% 🟢)	3.237s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.529s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.713s (-56.0% 🟢)	3.655s (-38.1% 🟢)	1.942s	10	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.478s (-4.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.543s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.523s (-3.7%)	11.021s (~)	0.499s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.549s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.471s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.573s (-2.7%)	11.017s (~)	0.444s	3	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.756s	11.023s	0.266s	3	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.910s	11.347s	0.437s	3	1.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	12.966s (-45.4% 🟢)	14.871s (-40.8% 🟢)	1.905s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.350s (-22.9% 🟢)	14.710s (-24.2% 🟢)	1.360s	3	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.287s (-15.9% 🟢)	16.041s (-19.9% 🟢)	1.753s	2	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	13.657s (-9.3% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	13.661s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.366s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.739s (-5.9% 🟢)	14.016s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.277s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.781s (-5.5% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.239s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.409s	15.028s	0.619s	4	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.618s	15.020s	0.402s	4	1.07x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	20.742s (-67.8% 🟢)	22.830s (-65.7% 🟢)	2.088s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.169s (-57.9% 🟢)	23.250s (-55.8% 🟢)	2.081s	3	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	21.419s (-59.3% 🟢)	23.007s (-57.9% 🟢)	1.588s	3	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.320s (-26.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.704s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.352s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.674s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.553s (-10.1% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.464s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.728s (-9.1% 🟢)	13.162s (-9.8% 🟢)	0.434s	7	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.681s	14.025s	0.344s	7	1.11x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.350s	15.019s	0.670s	6	1.16x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	31.721s (-92.5% 🟢)	33.689s (-92.1% 🟢)	1.968s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	31.832s (-73.7% 🟢)	33.683s (-72.8% 🟢)	1.851s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	33.144s (-91.6% 🟢)	35.342s (-91.1% 🟢)	2.198s	3	1.04x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.162s (-8.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.845s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.201s (-4.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.807s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.205s (-26.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.801s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.246s	2.007s	0.761s	15	1.07x
💻 Local	Express	1.250s (-16.0% 🟢)	2.005s (~)	0.755s	15	1.08x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.280s	2.005s	0.725s	15	1.10x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.441s (-13.4% 🟢)	3.974s (-8.1% 🟢)	1.533s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.453s (-14.2% 🟢)	3.967s (-14.2% 🟢)	1.514s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.320s (-2.3%)	4.757s (-3.6%)	1.438s	7	1.36x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.223s (-48.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.784s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.252s (-47.0% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.755s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.382s	2.007s	0.625s	15	1.13x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.690s (-46.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-48.4% 🟢)	0.316s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Express	1.706s (-42.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.300s	15	1.39x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.813s	2.007s	0.194s	15	1.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.469s (-14.4% 🟢)	5.244s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.775s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.477s (-3.9%)	5.031s (-1.6%)	1.554s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.681s (-48.1% 🟢)	5.053s (-43.3% 🟢)	1.372s	7	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.327s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.680s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.409s (-59.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.600s	15	1.06x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s	2.078s	0.401s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.354s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.010s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.656s	6	3.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.611s (-44.7% 🟢)	5.012s (-44.5% 🟢)	0.401s	6	3.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.484s	6.213s	0.729s	5	4.13x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.155s (+46.2% 🔺)	7.420s (+34.1% 🔺)	2.266s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.298s (+24.9% 🔺)	7.376s (+20.4% 🔺)	2.078s	5	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.324s (-40.3% 🟢)	6.583s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.259s	5	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.175s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.193s (-5.1% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.815s	15	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.236s	2.010s	0.774s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.373s	2.005s	0.632s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Express	1.476s (-22.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.530s	15	1.26x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.517s (-18.7% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.489s	15	1.29x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.286s (-7.0% 🟢)	3.764s (-9.7% 🟢)	1.478s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.500s (-3.1%)	4.194s (-3.6%)	1.693s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.658s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.013s (+8.0% 🔺)	2.355s	6	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.230s (-47.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.778s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.263s (-46.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.745s	15	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.400s	2.008s	0.609s	15	1.14x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.882s (-38.6% 🟢)	2.315s (-40.4% 🟢)	0.433s	13	1.53x
💻 Local	Express	2.004s (-36.0% 🟢)	2.392s (-36.4% 🟢)	0.388s	13	1.63x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.010s	2.734s	0.725s	11	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.407s (+5.4% 🔺)	4.963s (-2.3%)	1.556s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.490s (+9.3% 🔺)	5.444s (+13.6% 🔺)	1.955s	6	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.494s (+11.2% 🔺)	5.019s (+11.0% 🔺)	1.525s	6	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.324s (-61.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.683s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.379s (-60.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.628s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.710s	2.154s	0.444s	14	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.949s (-45.9% 🟢)	5.514s (-45.0% 🟢)	0.565s	6	3.74x
💻 Local	Express	5.242s (-40.4% 🟢)	5.679s (-38.8% 🟢)	0.437s	6	3.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.784s	6.414s	0.630s	5	4.37x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.669s (-8.3% 🟢)	6.711s (-1.6%)	2.042s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.265s (-22.1% 🟢)	6.728s (-21.3% 🟢)	1.463s	5	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	158.001s (+2362.2% 🔺)	160.745s (+1865.5% 🔺)	2.744s	2	33.84x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.550s (-32.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.456s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.572s (-31.8% 🟢)	1.024s (~)	0.452s	59	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.583s (-40.5% 🟢)	1.004s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.421s	60	1.06x
💻 Local	Express	0.601s (-38.9% 🟢)	1.022s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.421s	59	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.812s	1.023s	0.211s	59	1.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.851s	1.004s	0.153s	60	1.55x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.719s (-67.5% 🟢)	6.325s (-60.7% 🟢)	1.606s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.818s (-74.7% 🟢)	6.583s (-69.1% 🟢)	1.765s	10	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.854s (-78.0% 🟢)	6.678s (-72.2% 🟢)	1.824s	9	1.03x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.309s (-32.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-4.4%)	0.698s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.355s (-31.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-11.1% 🟢)	0.653s	45	1.04x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.420s (-53.2% 🟢)	2.005s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.586s	45	1.08x
💻 Local	Express	1.570s (-47.9% 🟢)	2.122s (-40.8% 🟢)	0.552s	43	1.20x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.901s	2.053s	0.152s	44	1.45x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.085s	2.943s	0.858s	31	1.59x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	11.840s (-70.0% 🟢)	14.012s (-66.1% 🟢)	2.172s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	11.989s (-65.3% 🟢)	14.079s (-61.8% 🟢)	2.091s	7	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.762s (-74.4% 🟢)	14.416s (-72.1% 🟢)	1.654s	7	1.08x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	2.681s (-34.7% 🟢)	3.084s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.403s	39	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.686s (-32.7% 🟢)	3.085s (-29.4% 🟢)	0.399s	39	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	3.158s (-65.7% 🟢)	3.852s (-61.5% 🟢)	0.694s	32	1.18x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.159s (-66.0% 🟢)	3.675s (-63.3% 🟢)	0.516s	33	1.18x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.744s	4.009s	0.265s	30	1.40x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.305s	5.010s	0.705s	24	1.61x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	24.206s (-81.4% 🟢)	26.011s (-80.3% 🟢)	1.805s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	24.239s (-75.0% 🟢)	26.770s (-72.8% 🟢)	2.530s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	28.317s (-73.6% 🟢)	30.175s (-72.3% 🟢)	1.858s	5	1.17x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.206s (-27.4% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.800s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.229s (-18.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.777s	60	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.261s	1.006s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.400s (-33.8% 🟢)	1.004s (-1.7%)	0.604s	60	1.95x
💻 Local	Express	0.404s (-27.9% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.600s	60	1.96x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.529s	1.004s	0.475s	60	2.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.171s (+30.7% 🔺)	4.038s (+20.5% 🔺)	1.867s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.399s (+18.6% 🔺)	3.701s (-2.4%)	1.302s	17	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.703s (+38.3% 🔺)	4.502s (+23.8% 🔺)	1.799s	14	1.25x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.315s (-36.5% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.690s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.366s (-28.2% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.1%)	0.652s	89	1.16x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.465s	1.007s	0.541s	90	1.48x
💻 Local	Express	2.077s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.608s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.532s	35	6.59x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.160s (-14.9% 🟢)	2.638s (-12.3% 🟢)	0.478s	35	6.85x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.341s	3.045s	0.704s	30	7.43x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.775s (+48.0% 🔺)	6.649s (+37.9% 🔺)	1.875s	14	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.457s (+79.1% 🔺)	7.111s (+47.9% 🔺)	1.654s	13	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.283s (+77.7% 🔺)	7.605s (+46.4% 🔺)	1.322s	13	1.32x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.596s (-24.6% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.410s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.676s (-17.4% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.330s	120	1.13x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.928s	1.340s	0.412s	90	1.56x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.380s (-16.2% 🟢)	10.029s (-14.0% 🟢)	0.649s	12	15.74x
💻 Local	Express	9.589s (-14.3% 🟢)	10.027s (-16.0% 🟢)	0.438s	12	16.09x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.475s	11.214s	0.739s	11	17.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.606s (+76.2% 🔺)	15.763s (+67.7% 🔺)	2.157s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	15.101s (+103.5% 🔺)	16.794s (+81.7% 🔺)	1.693s	8	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	15.316s (+48.3% 🔺)	16.885s (+37.4% 🔺)	1.569s	8	1.13x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.000s (+100.1% 🔺)	0.001s (-20.0% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.7% 🔺)	0.853s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+443.6% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-14.4% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.172s (+488.7% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.011s (-13.2% 🟢)	2.018s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.846s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.182s (+476.2% 🔺)	2.002s (+100.4% 🔺)	0.002s (-6.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.829s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.214s	2.003s	0.012s	2.019s	0.805s	10	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.226s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.785s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.139s (-44.2% 🟢)	3.412s (-35.3% 🟢)	1.281s (+72.6% 🔺)	5.132s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.992s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.214s (-11.6% 🟢)	3.257s (-20.4% 🟢)	2.055s (+113.9% 🔺)	5.773s (+3.3%)	3.559s	10	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.335s (-65.9% 🟢)	3.104s (-64.1% 🟢)	13.627s (+2056.5% 🔺)	17.116s (+74.9% 🔺)	14.780s	10	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.561s (+150.2% 🔺)	2.007s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.003s (-17.0% 🟢)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.463s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.592s (+152.7% 🔺)	2.006s (+99.3% 🔺)	0.004s (~)	2.024s (+97.9% 🔺)	0.432s	30	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.715s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.306s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.721s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.305s	30	1.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.742s (+107.7% 🔺)	2.010s (+98.6% 🔺)	0.008s (-11.6% 🟢)	2.199s (+97.1% 🔺)	0.457s	28	1.12x
💻 Local	Express	1.745s (+130.5% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.009s (-2.9%)	2.201s (+111.6% 🔺)	0.456s	28	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.006s (-7.7% 🟢)	7.351s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.265s (-35.1% 🟢)	8.218s (-7.0% 🟢)	2.212s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.037s (-79.5% 🟢)	7.562s (-75.5% 🟢)	0.252s (+125.3% 🔺)	8.294s (-73.9% 🟢)	2.257s	8	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.526s (-61.4% 🟢)	6.860s (-62.4% 🟢)	0.218s (+3.4%)	8.102s (-57.2% 🟢)	1.576s	8	1.09x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.690s (-28.8% 🟢)	1.034s (-17.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-58.6% 🟢)	1.044s (-17.0% 🟢)	0.354s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.697s (-27.5% 🟢)	1.032s (-19.3% 🟢)	0.000s (-61.0% 🟢)	1.047s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.351s	59	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.837s	1.071s	0.000s	1.078s	0.241s	57	1.21x
💻 Local	Express	1.368s (+11.6% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+30.0% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.648s	30	1.98x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.375s (+12.4% 🔺)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (+333.3% 🔺)	2.015s (~)	0.641s	30	1.99x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.464s	2.013s	0.000s	2.015s	0.551s	30	2.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.661s (-2.1%)	5.081s (~)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.564s (+0.6%)	1.903s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.051s (+32.8% 🔺)	5.312s (+20.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+136.4% 🔺)	5.830s (+21.2% 🔺)	1.779s	11	1.11x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.606s (-54.8% 🟢)	5.795s (-49.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	6.160s (-48.9% 🟢)	1.555s	10	1.26x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.345s (-24.1% 🟢)	2.031s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.071s (-5.8% 🟢)	0.727s	29	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.392s (-22.3% 🟢)	2.103s (-1.8%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.113s (-2.8%)	0.721s	29	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.620s	2.071s	0.000s	2.126s	0.506s	29	1.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.936s	3.616s	0.000s	3.619s	0.684s	17	2.18x
💻 Local	Express	2.965s (-14.5% 🟢)	3.733s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-63.2% 🟢)	3.735s (-7.5% 🟢)	0.770s	17	2.20x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.289s (-2.9%)	3.732s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.001s (+21.3% 🔺)	4.030s (~)	0.741s	17	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.101s (+11.2% 🔺)	6.466s (+7.4% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	7.043s (+9.1% 🔺)	1.942s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.023s (+47.1% 🔺)	7.326s (+36.3% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.862s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.839s	8	1.18x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	7.209s (+28.3% 🔺)	8.380s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	8.783s (+16.5% 🔺)	1.575s	7	1.41x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	15/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	19/21
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	16/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7048	0	1052	8100

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some E2E test jobs failed:

• Vercel Prod: success
• Local Dev: success
• Local Prod: success
• Local Postgres: success
• Windows: failure

Check the workflow run for details.