Trace viewer: scroll-load events past an auto-load cap

[mitul-s]

What

The new trace viewer was getting stuck on the first page for large runs. This re-wires pagination:

• Auto-load up to a cap, then scroll-load.use-trace-viewer.ts backfills history pages until AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS (500), then stops; further loading is driven by scrolling.
• IntersectionObserver scroll-loading. New useLoadMoreOnScroll + useIntersectionObserver hooks (ported from vercel/front's @vercel/hooks, with root threaded as a ref so the observer roots on the viewer's internal scroll container). A sentinel near the bottom of the span list triggers the next page — no per-scroll layout reads.
• NewTraceViewer gains onLoadMore / hasMore / isLoadingMore props and renders a centered "Loading spans…" footer (Geist spinner) while fetching.
• SplitPane exposes its scroll container via scrollContainerRef so the observer can root on it.

Notes

• AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS is also set in vercel/front's use-workflow-trace-data.ts (the trace viewer's other consumer) — keep them in sync. See vercel/front#72039.
• The cap governs only hands-free backfill; scroll + live-poll still load beyond it by design.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 49f0c86

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

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[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm

[karthikscale3]

Review notes 1–6 (inline). Overall this fixes the missing pagination wiring; minor follow-ups above.

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.041s (-4.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.043s (-3.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.962s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.061s	1.005s	0.944s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.062s (-35.2% 🟢)	1.013s (-2.8%)	0.952s	10	1.50x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.067s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.945s	10	1.61x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.069s	1.013s	0.944s	10	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.277s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.111s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.834s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.316s (+34.0% 🔺)	2.418s (+13.2% 🔺)	2.102s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.093s (-2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.913s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.101s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.905s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.102s (-3.9%)	2.009s (~)	0.907s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.105s (-3.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.138s	2.006s	0.868s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.147s	2.009s	0.863s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.672s (-10.8% 🟢)	3.778s (-0.8%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.744s (-55.2% 🟢)	3.467s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.723s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.523s (-3.2%)	11.019s (~)	0.496s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.529s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.492s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.546s (-3.8%)	11.020s (~)	0.474s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.559s (-3.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.462s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.776s	11.020s	0.244s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.826s	11.018s	0.191s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.703s (-19.3% 🟢)	15.514s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.812s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14.294s (-39.8% 🟢)	15.860s (-36.9% 🟢)	1.565s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.734s (-8.3% 🟢)	14.025s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.292s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.745s (-5.8% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.274s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.756s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.271s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.893s (-4.7%)	14.220s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.327s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.290s	15.029s	0.739s	4	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.456s	15.018s	0.562s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	23.240s (-53.8% 🟢)	25.296s (-51.9% 🟢)	2.056s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	23.351s (-63.8% 🟢)	25.318s (-62.0% 🟢)	1.966s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	12.370s (-11.7% 🟢)	13.016s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.646s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.464s (-10.8% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.554s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	12.480s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.544s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.500s (-24.7% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.525s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.513s	14.028s	0.515s	7	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.052s	14.449s	0.396s	7	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	32.042s (-92.4% 🟢)	33.957s (-92.0% 🟢)	1.916s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.574s (-72.3% 🟢)	36.447s (-70.5% 🟢)	2.873s	3	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.177s (-7.7% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.831s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.179s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.828s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.179s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.829s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.188s (-27.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.818s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.253s	2.008s	0.755s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.006s	0.648s	15	1.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.639s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.240s (-1.9%)	1.601s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.983s (+4.3%)	4.828s (+4.4%)	1.844s	7	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.239s (-47.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.769s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.253s (-46.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.754s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.423s	2.007s	0.584s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.627s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.379s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.765s (-43.9% 🟢)	2.073s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.308s	15	1.42x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.886s	2.391s	0.506s	13	1.52x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.571s (-1.3%)	5.011s (-2.0%)	1.439s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.674s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.149s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.475s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.383s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.624s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.724s	2.316s	0.592s	13	1.25x
💻 Local	Express	4.388s (-47.4% 🟢)	4.868s (-46.1% 🟢)	0.480s	7	3.17x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.896s	5.297s	0.401s	7	3.54x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.436s (-34.9% 🟢)	5.845s (-35.2% 🟢)	0.409s	6	3.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.577s (+58.2% 🔺)	7.509s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.932s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.337s (+49.4% 🔺)	8.535s (+39.3% 🔺)	2.199s	4	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.172s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.837s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.184s (-5.8% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.824s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.241s	2.008s	0.767s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.368s	2.006s	0.638s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.541s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.465s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Express	1.566s (-17.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.440s	15	1.34x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.817s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.521s (+3.9%)	1.704s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.821s (+14.7% 🔺)	4.519s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.698s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.250s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.757s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.297s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.389s	2.009s	0.619s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.725s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.072s (-44.9% 🟢)	0.347s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.071s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.591s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.519s	12	1.66x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.083s	2.735s	0.652s	11	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.321s (+4.0%)	5.207s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.886s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.531s (+9.2% 🔺)	5.157s (+1.6%)	1.626s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.388s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.620s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.391s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.771s	2.317s	0.546s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.595s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.011s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.416s	6	3.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.255s	5.513s	0.258s	6	3.79x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.433s (-29.7% 🟢)	7.015s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.582s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.399s (-15.9% 🟢)	7.246s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.847s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.645s (+30.5% 🔺)	8.837s (+29.6% 🔺)	2.193s	4	1.23x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.558s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.448s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (-32.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.441s	60	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.591s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.021s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.431s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.601s (-38.7% 🟢)	1.005s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.404s	60	1.08x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.830s	1.024s	0.194s	59	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.859s	1.021s	0.163s	59	1.54x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.370s (-71.8% 🟢)	7.214s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.844s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.041s (-72.6% 🟢)	7.729s (-67.8% 🟢)	1.688s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.323s (-33.0% 🟢)	2.030s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.707s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-27.9% 🟢)	2.030s (-3.3%)	0.640s	45	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.480s (-50.9% 🟢)	2.005s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.526s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.524s (-49.8% 🟢)	2.028s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.504s	45	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.986s	2.343s	0.357s	39	1.50x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.080s	2.943s	0.863s	31	1.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.722s (-60.3% 🟢)	16.049s (-56.4% 🟢)	2.327s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16.784s (-57.5% 🟢)	18.494s (-55.2% 🟢)	1.710s	5	1.22x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.577s (-35.4% 🟢)	3.058s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.481s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.654s (-35.3% 🟢)	3.085s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.431s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	3.116s (-66.2% 🟢)	3.705s (-63.0% 🟢)	0.590s	33	1.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.275s (-64.8% 🟢)	4.010s (-60.0% 🟢)	0.734s	30	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.832s	4.010s	0.178s	30	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.301s	5.010s	0.709s	24	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.551s (-77.3% 🟢)	32.398s (-75.5% 🟢)	2.847s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.567s (-67.4% 🟢)	33.274s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.707s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.207s (-26.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.799s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (-23.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.263s	1.007s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.433s (-22.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.571s	60	2.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.021s (~)	0.559s	59	2.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s	1.039s	0.459s	58	2.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.571s (+31.5% 🔺)	4.247s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.676s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (+56.1% 🔺)	4.129s (+23.2% 🔺)	1.536s	15	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.341s (-31.4% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.666s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.359s (-29.6% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.659s	89	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.478s	1.006s	0.528s	90	1.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-20.2% 🟢)	2.536s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.530s	36	5.89x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.121s (-16.4% 🟢)	2.655s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.534s	34	6.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.284s	2.977s	0.693s	31	6.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.601s (+42.6% 🔺)	6.275s (+30.1% 🔺)	1.674s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.138s (+68.6% 🔺)	7.056s (+46.8% 🔺)	1.918s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.642s (-18.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.364s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.647s (-21.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.359s	120	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.958s	1.466s	0.508s	83	1.49x
💻 Local	Express	9.101s (-18.7% 🟢)	9.561s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.460s	13	14.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.763s (-12.8% 🟢)	10.361s (-11.2% 🟢)	0.598s	12	15.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.531s	11.302s	0.771s	11	16.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	14.507s (+95.5% 🔺)	16.514s (+78.6% 🔺)	2.008s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	15.750s (+103.9% 🔺)	17.409s (+85.2% 🔺)	1.659s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.153s (+479.2% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-19.0% 🟢)	2.017s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.864s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.003s (+100.6% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.164s (+444.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+0.8%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.166s (+468.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.844s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.204s	2.003s	0.010s	2.018s	0.814s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.228s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.783s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.292s (-40.2% 🟢)	3.373s (-36.1% 🟢)	1.464s (+97.3% 🔺)	5.300s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.008s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.399s (-4.3%)	3.560s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.509s (+57.1% 🔺)	5.604s (~)	3.205s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.568s (+148.8% 🔺)	2.002s (+99.0% 🔺)	0.004s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.025s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.457s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.574s (+107.9% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.583s (+88.7% 🔺)	2.009s (+98.5% 🔺)	0.011s (+17.4% 🔺)	2.021s (+81.1% 🔺)	0.439s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.585s (+153.9% 🔺)	2.002s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.004s (-3.3%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.441s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.717s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.304s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.753s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.273s	30	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.267s (-3.6%)	7.727s (-3.5%)	0.597s (+46.1% 🔺)	8.867s (~)	2.601s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.523s (-77.8% 🟢)	7.825s (-74.6% 🟢)	0.228s (+103.6% 🔺)	8.466s (-73.4% 🟢)	1.943s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.710s (-26.7% 🟢)	1.015s (-18.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.032s (-18.0% 🟢)	0.322s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.714s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.028s (-19.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.048s (-19.7% 🟢)	0.335s	58	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.816s	1.071s	0.000s	1.079s	0.263s	56	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.361s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.655s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.366s (+11.7% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.650s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.690s	2.013s	0.000s	2.196s	0.505s	28	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.744s (+22.7% 🔺)	4.766s (+8.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.154s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.410s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.545s (+21.5% 🔺)	5.740s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.250s (+13.0% 🔺)	1.706s	10	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.265s (-29.4% 🟢)	2.033s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.050s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.786s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.315s (-25.8% 🟢)	1.996s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.729s	30	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.703s	2.299s	0.000s	2.307s	0.605s	27	1.35x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.052s (-9.9% 🟢)	3.840s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+75.8% 🔺)	3.842s (-4.8%)	0.790s	16	2.41x
💻 Local	Express	3.072s (-11.4% 🟢)	3.901s (-3.3%)	0.001s (+9.4% 🔺)	3.903s (-3.3%)	0.831s	16	2.43x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.172s	3.731s	0.001s	3.735s	0.563s	17	2.51x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.571s (+36.1% 🔺)	6.817s (+26.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+63.0% 🔺)	7.240s (+25.0% 🔺)	1.670s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.994s (+30.7% 🔺)	7.645s (+26.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.265s (+28.0% 🔺)	2.271s	8	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Express	16/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	17/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🪟 Windows	135	0	0	135
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7183	0	1052	8235

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	135	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Re-reviewed after the latest commits (Update trace-viewer.tsx, Update use-trace-viewer.test.ts).

Looks good to merge:

• Pagination is correctly wired through run-detail-view → NewTraceViewer
• Footer spinner now only shows while isLoadingMore
• Auto-backfill cap + scroll-load via IntersectionObserver are solid
• New pagination tests pass (8/8 locally)

Remaining follow-up is out of scope here: vercel/front parity for the new trace viewer flag path (front#72039).

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for f0f002a (AI decision).

This commit fixes pagination for the new trace viewer (packages/web-shared/src/components/new-trace-viewer/ and packages/web-shared/src/components/trace-viewer-new.tsx), which does not exist on stable — verified via git ls-tree origin/stable. The accompanying change to use-trace-viewer.ts introduces a new auto-load-with-cap behavior (and tests for it) that doesn't exist on stable (stable's hook has no auto-load useEffect), so it isn't fixing a bug present there. The change builds on main-only behavior.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

f0f002ae05e6b4a66eb72e1b1c48fda1bcd0f412

[mitul-s]

What

The new trace viewer was getting stuck on the first page for large runs. This re-wires pagination:

• Auto-load up to a cap, then scroll-load.use-trace-viewer.ts backfills history pages until AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS (500), then stops; further loading is driven by scrolling.
• IntersectionObserver scroll-loading. New useLoadMoreOnScroll + useIntersectionObserver hooks (ported from vercel/front's @vercel/hooks, with root threaded as a ref so the observer roots on the viewer's internal scroll container). A sentinel near the bottom of the span list triggers the next page — no per-scroll layout reads.
• NewTraceViewer gains onLoadMore / hasMore / isLoadingMore props and renders a centered "Loading spans…" footer (Geist spinner) while fetching.
• SplitPane exposes its scroll container via scrollContainerRef so the observer can root on it.

Notes

• AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS is also set in vercel/front's use-workflow-trace-data.ts (the trace viewer's other consumer) — keep them in sync. See vercel/front#72039.
• The cap governs only hands-free backfill; scroll + live-poll still load beyond it by design.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 49f0c86

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm

[karthikscale3]

Review notes 1–6 (inline). Overall this fixes the missing pagination wiring; minor follow-ups above.

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.041s (-4.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.043s (-3.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.962s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.061s	1.005s	0.944s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.062s (-35.2% 🟢)	1.013s (-2.8%)	0.952s	10	1.50x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.067s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.945s	10	1.61x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.069s	1.013s	0.944s	10	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.277s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.111s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.834s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.316s (+34.0% 🔺)	2.418s (+13.2% 🔺)	2.102s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.093s (-2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.913s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.101s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.905s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.102s (-3.9%)	2.009s (~)	0.907s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.105s (-3.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.138s	2.006s	0.868s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.147s	2.009s	0.863s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.672s (-10.8% 🟢)	3.778s (-0.8%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.744s (-55.2% 🟢)	3.467s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.723s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.523s (-3.2%)	11.019s (~)	0.496s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.529s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.492s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.546s (-3.8%)	11.020s (~)	0.474s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.559s (-3.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.462s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.776s	11.020s	0.244s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.826s	11.018s	0.191s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.703s (-19.3% 🟢)	15.514s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.812s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14.294s (-39.8% 🟢)	15.860s (-36.9% 🟢)	1.565s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.734s (-8.3% 🟢)	14.025s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.292s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.745s (-5.8% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.274s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.756s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.271s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.893s (-4.7%)	14.220s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.327s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.290s	15.029s	0.739s	4	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.456s	15.018s	0.562s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	23.240s (-53.8% 🟢)	25.296s (-51.9% 🟢)	2.056s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	23.351s (-63.8% 🟢)	25.318s (-62.0% 🟢)	1.966s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	12.370s (-11.7% 🟢)	13.016s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.646s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.464s (-10.8% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.554s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	12.480s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.544s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.500s (-24.7% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.525s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.513s	14.028s	0.515s	7	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.052s	14.449s	0.396s	7	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	32.042s (-92.4% 🟢)	33.957s (-92.0% 🟢)	1.916s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.574s (-72.3% 🟢)	36.447s (-70.5% 🟢)	2.873s	3	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.177s (-7.7% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.831s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.179s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.828s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.179s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.829s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.188s (-27.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.818s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.253s	2.008s	0.755s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.006s	0.648s	15	1.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.639s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.240s (-1.9%)	1.601s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.983s (+4.3%)	4.828s (+4.4%)	1.844s	7	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.239s (-47.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.769s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.253s (-46.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.754s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.423s	2.007s	0.584s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.627s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.379s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.765s (-43.9% 🟢)	2.073s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.308s	15	1.42x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.886s	2.391s	0.506s	13	1.52x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.571s (-1.3%)	5.011s (-2.0%)	1.439s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.674s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.149s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.475s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.383s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.624s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.724s	2.316s	0.592s	13	1.25x
💻 Local	Express	4.388s (-47.4% 🟢)	4.868s (-46.1% 🟢)	0.480s	7	3.17x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.896s	5.297s	0.401s	7	3.54x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.436s (-34.9% 🟢)	5.845s (-35.2% 🟢)	0.409s	6	3.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.577s (+58.2% 🔺)	7.509s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.932s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.337s (+49.4% 🔺)	8.535s (+39.3% 🔺)	2.199s	4	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.172s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.837s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.184s (-5.8% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.824s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.241s	2.008s	0.767s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.368s	2.006s	0.638s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.541s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.465s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Express	1.566s (-17.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.440s	15	1.34x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.817s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.521s (+3.9%)	1.704s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.821s (+14.7% 🔺)	4.519s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.698s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.250s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.757s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.297s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.389s	2.009s	0.619s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.725s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.072s (-44.9% 🟢)	0.347s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.071s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.591s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.519s	12	1.66x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.083s	2.735s	0.652s	11	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.321s (+4.0%)	5.207s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.886s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.531s (+9.2% 🔺)	5.157s (+1.6%)	1.626s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.388s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.620s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.391s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.771s	2.317s	0.546s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.595s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.011s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.416s	6	3.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.255s	5.513s	0.258s	6	3.79x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.433s (-29.7% 🟢)	7.015s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.582s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.399s (-15.9% 🟢)	7.246s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.847s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.645s (+30.5% 🔺)	8.837s (+29.6% 🔺)	2.193s	4	1.23x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.558s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.448s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (-32.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.441s	60	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.591s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.021s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.431s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.601s (-38.7% 🟢)	1.005s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.404s	60	1.08x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.830s	1.024s	0.194s	59	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.859s	1.021s	0.163s	59	1.54x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.370s (-71.8% 🟢)	7.214s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.844s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.041s (-72.6% 🟢)	7.729s (-67.8% 🟢)	1.688s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.323s (-33.0% 🟢)	2.030s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.707s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-27.9% 🟢)	2.030s (-3.3%)	0.640s	45	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.480s (-50.9% 🟢)	2.005s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.526s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.524s (-49.8% 🟢)	2.028s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.504s	45	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.986s	2.343s	0.357s	39	1.50x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.080s	2.943s	0.863s	31	1.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.722s (-60.3% 🟢)	16.049s (-56.4% 🟢)	2.327s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16.784s (-57.5% 🟢)	18.494s (-55.2% 🟢)	1.710s	5	1.22x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.577s (-35.4% 🟢)	3.058s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.481s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.654s (-35.3% 🟢)	3.085s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.431s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	3.116s (-66.2% 🟢)	3.705s (-63.0% 🟢)	0.590s	33	1.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.275s (-64.8% 🟢)	4.010s (-60.0% 🟢)	0.734s	30	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.832s	4.010s	0.178s	30	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.301s	5.010s	0.709s	24	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.551s (-77.3% 🟢)	32.398s (-75.5% 🟢)	2.847s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.567s (-67.4% 🟢)	33.274s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.707s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.207s (-26.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.799s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (-23.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.263s	1.007s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.433s (-22.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.571s	60	2.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.021s (~)	0.559s	59	2.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s	1.039s	0.459s	58	2.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.571s (+31.5% 🔺)	4.247s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.676s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (+56.1% 🔺)	4.129s (+23.2% 🔺)	1.536s	15	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.341s (-31.4% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.666s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.359s (-29.6% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.659s	89	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.478s	1.006s	0.528s	90	1.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-20.2% 🟢)	2.536s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.530s	36	5.89x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.121s (-16.4% 🟢)	2.655s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.534s	34	6.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.284s	2.977s	0.693s	31	6.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.601s (+42.6% 🔺)	6.275s (+30.1% 🔺)	1.674s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.138s (+68.6% 🔺)	7.056s (+46.8% 🔺)	1.918s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.642s (-18.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.364s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.647s (-21.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.359s	120	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.958s	1.466s	0.508s	83	1.49x
💻 Local	Express	9.101s (-18.7% 🟢)	9.561s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.460s	13	14.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.763s (-12.8% 🟢)	10.361s (-11.2% 🟢)	0.598s	12	15.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.531s	11.302s	0.771s	11	16.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	14.507s (+95.5% 🔺)	16.514s (+78.6% 🔺)	2.008s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	15.750s (+103.9% 🔺)	17.409s (+85.2% 🔺)	1.659s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.153s (+479.2% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-19.0% 🟢)	2.017s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.864s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.003s (+100.6% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.164s (+444.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+0.8%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.166s (+468.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.844s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.204s	2.003s	0.010s	2.018s	0.814s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.228s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.783s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.292s (-40.2% 🟢)	3.373s (-36.1% 🟢)	1.464s (+97.3% 🔺)	5.300s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.008s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.399s (-4.3%)	3.560s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.509s (+57.1% 🔺)	5.604s (~)	3.205s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.568s (+148.8% 🔺)	2.002s (+99.0% 🔺)	0.004s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.025s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.457s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.574s (+107.9% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.583s (+88.7% 🔺)	2.009s (+98.5% 🔺)	0.011s (+17.4% 🔺)	2.021s (+81.1% 🔺)	0.439s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.585s (+153.9% 🔺)	2.002s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.004s (-3.3%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.441s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.717s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.304s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.753s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.273s	30	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.267s (-3.6%)	7.727s (-3.5%)	0.597s (+46.1% 🔺)	8.867s (~)	2.601s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.523s (-77.8% 🟢)	7.825s (-74.6% 🟢)	0.228s (+103.6% 🔺)	8.466s (-73.4% 🟢)	1.943s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.710s (-26.7% 🟢)	1.015s (-18.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.032s (-18.0% 🟢)	0.322s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.714s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.028s (-19.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.048s (-19.7% 🟢)	0.335s	58	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.816s	1.071s	0.000s	1.079s	0.263s	56	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.361s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.655s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.366s (+11.7% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.650s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.690s	2.013s	0.000s	2.196s	0.505s	28	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.744s (+22.7% 🔺)	4.766s (+8.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.154s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.410s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.545s (+21.5% 🔺)	5.740s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.250s (+13.0% 🔺)	1.706s	10	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.265s (-29.4% 🟢)	2.033s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.050s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.786s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.315s (-25.8% 🟢)	1.996s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.729s	30	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.703s	2.299s	0.000s	2.307s	0.605s	27	1.35x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.052s (-9.9% 🟢)	3.840s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+75.8% 🔺)	3.842s (-4.8%)	0.790s	16	2.41x
💻 Local	Express	3.072s (-11.4% 🟢)	3.901s (-3.3%)	0.001s (+9.4% 🔺)	3.903s (-3.3%)	0.831s	16	2.43x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.172s	3.731s	0.001s	3.735s	0.563s	17	2.51x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.571s (+36.1% 🔺)	6.817s (+26.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+63.0% 🔺)	7.240s (+25.0% 🔺)	1.670s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.994s (+30.7% 🔺)	7.645s (+26.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.265s (+28.0% 🔺)	2.271s	8	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Express	16/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	17/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🪟 Windows	135	0	0	135
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7183	0	1052	8235

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	135	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Re-reviewed after the latest commits (Update trace-viewer.tsx, Update use-trace-viewer.test.ts).

Looks good to merge:

• Pagination is correctly wired through run-detail-view → NewTraceViewer
• Footer spinner now only shows while isLoadingMore
• Auto-backfill cap + scroll-load via IntersectionObserver are solid
• New pagination tests pass (8/8 locally)

Remaining follow-up is out of scope here: vercel/front parity for the new trace viewer flag path (front#72039).

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for f0f002a (AI decision).

This commit fixes pagination for the new trace viewer (packages/web-shared/src/components/new-trace-viewer/ and packages/web-shared/src/components/trace-viewer-new.tsx), which does not exist on stable — verified via git ls-tree origin/stable. The accompanying change to use-trace-viewer.ts introduces a new auto-load-with-cap behavior (and tests for it) that doesn't exist on stable (stable's hook has no auto-load useEffect), so it isn't fixing a bug present there. The change builds on main-only behavior.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

f0f002ae05e6b4a66eb72e1b1c48fda1bcd0f412

[mitul-s]

What

The new trace viewer was getting stuck on the first page for large runs. This re-wires pagination:

• Auto-load up to a cap, then scroll-load.use-trace-viewer.ts backfills history pages until AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS (500), then stops; further loading is driven by scrolling.
• IntersectionObserver scroll-loading. New useLoadMoreOnScroll + useIntersectionObserver hooks (ported from vercel/front's @vercel/hooks, with root threaded as a ref so the observer roots on the viewer's internal scroll container). A sentinel near the bottom of the span list triggers the next page — no per-scroll layout reads.
• NewTraceViewer gains onLoadMore / hasMore / isLoadingMore props and renders a centered "Loading spans…" footer (Geist spinner) while fetching.
• SplitPane exposes its scroll container via scrollContainerRef so the observer can root on it.

Notes

• AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS is also set in vercel/front's use-workflow-trace-data.ts (the trace viewer's other consumer) — keep them in sync. See vercel/front#72039.
• The cap governs only hands-free backfill; scroll + live-poll still load beyond it by design.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 49f0c86

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm

[karthikscale3]

Review notes 1–6 (inline). Overall this fixes the missing pagination wiring; minor follow-ups above.

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.041s (-4.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.043s (-3.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.962s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.061s	1.005s	0.944s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.062s (-35.2% 🟢)	1.013s (-2.8%)	0.952s	10	1.50x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.067s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.945s	10	1.61x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.069s	1.013s	0.944s	10	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.277s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.111s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.834s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.316s (+34.0% 🔺)	2.418s (+13.2% 🔺)	2.102s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.093s (-2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.913s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.101s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.905s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.102s (-3.9%)	2.009s (~)	0.907s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.105s (-3.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.138s	2.006s	0.868s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.147s	2.009s	0.863s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.672s (-10.8% 🟢)	3.778s (-0.8%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.744s (-55.2% 🟢)	3.467s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.723s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.523s (-3.2%)	11.019s (~)	0.496s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.529s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.492s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.546s (-3.8%)	11.020s (~)	0.474s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.559s (-3.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.462s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.776s	11.020s	0.244s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.826s	11.018s	0.191s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.703s (-19.3% 🟢)	15.514s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.812s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14.294s (-39.8% 🟢)	15.860s (-36.9% 🟢)	1.565s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.734s (-8.3% 🟢)	14.025s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.292s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.745s (-5.8% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.274s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.756s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.271s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.893s (-4.7%)	14.220s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.327s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.290s	15.029s	0.739s	4	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.456s	15.018s	0.562s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	23.240s (-53.8% 🟢)	25.296s (-51.9% 🟢)	2.056s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	23.351s (-63.8% 🟢)	25.318s (-62.0% 🟢)	1.966s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	12.370s (-11.7% 🟢)	13.016s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.646s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.464s (-10.8% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.554s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	12.480s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.544s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.500s (-24.7% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.525s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.513s	14.028s	0.515s	7	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.052s	14.449s	0.396s	7	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	32.042s (-92.4% 🟢)	33.957s (-92.0% 🟢)	1.916s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.574s (-72.3% 🟢)	36.447s (-70.5% 🟢)	2.873s	3	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.177s (-7.7% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.831s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.179s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.828s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.179s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.829s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.188s (-27.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.818s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.253s	2.008s	0.755s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.006s	0.648s	15	1.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.639s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.240s (-1.9%)	1.601s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.983s (+4.3%)	4.828s (+4.4%)	1.844s	7	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.239s (-47.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.769s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.253s (-46.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.754s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.423s	2.007s	0.584s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.627s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.379s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.765s (-43.9% 🟢)	2.073s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.308s	15	1.42x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.886s	2.391s	0.506s	13	1.52x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.571s (-1.3%)	5.011s (-2.0%)	1.439s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.674s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.149s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.475s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.383s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.624s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.724s	2.316s	0.592s	13	1.25x
💻 Local	Express	4.388s (-47.4% 🟢)	4.868s (-46.1% 🟢)	0.480s	7	3.17x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.896s	5.297s	0.401s	7	3.54x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.436s (-34.9% 🟢)	5.845s (-35.2% 🟢)	0.409s	6	3.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.577s (+58.2% 🔺)	7.509s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.932s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.337s (+49.4% 🔺)	8.535s (+39.3% 🔺)	2.199s	4	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.172s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.837s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.184s (-5.8% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.824s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.241s	2.008s	0.767s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.368s	2.006s	0.638s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.541s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.465s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Express	1.566s (-17.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.440s	15	1.34x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.817s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.521s (+3.9%)	1.704s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.821s (+14.7% 🔺)	4.519s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.698s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.250s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.757s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.297s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.389s	2.009s	0.619s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.725s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.072s (-44.9% 🟢)	0.347s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.071s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.591s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.519s	12	1.66x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.083s	2.735s	0.652s	11	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.321s (+4.0%)	5.207s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.886s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.531s (+9.2% 🔺)	5.157s (+1.6%)	1.626s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.388s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.620s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.391s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.771s	2.317s	0.546s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.595s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.011s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.416s	6	3.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.255s	5.513s	0.258s	6	3.79x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.433s (-29.7% 🟢)	7.015s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.582s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.399s (-15.9% 🟢)	7.246s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.847s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.645s (+30.5% 🔺)	8.837s (+29.6% 🔺)	2.193s	4	1.23x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.558s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.448s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (-32.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.441s	60	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.591s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.021s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.431s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.601s (-38.7% 🟢)	1.005s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.404s	60	1.08x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.830s	1.024s	0.194s	59	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.859s	1.021s	0.163s	59	1.54x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.370s (-71.8% 🟢)	7.214s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.844s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.041s (-72.6% 🟢)	7.729s (-67.8% 🟢)	1.688s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.323s (-33.0% 🟢)	2.030s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.707s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-27.9% 🟢)	2.030s (-3.3%)	0.640s	45	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.480s (-50.9% 🟢)	2.005s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.526s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.524s (-49.8% 🟢)	2.028s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.504s	45	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.986s	2.343s	0.357s	39	1.50x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.080s	2.943s	0.863s	31	1.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.722s (-60.3% 🟢)	16.049s (-56.4% 🟢)	2.327s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16.784s (-57.5% 🟢)	18.494s (-55.2% 🟢)	1.710s	5	1.22x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.577s (-35.4% 🟢)	3.058s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.481s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.654s (-35.3% 🟢)	3.085s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.431s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	3.116s (-66.2% 🟢)	3.705s (-63.0% 🟢)	0.590s	33	1.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.275s (-64.8% 🟢)	4.010s (-60.0% 🟢)	0.734s	30	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.832s	4.010s	0.178s	30	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.301s	5.010s	0.709s	24	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.551s (-77.3% 🟢)	32.398s (-75.5% 🟢)	2.847s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.567s (-67.4% 🟢)	33.274s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.707s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.207s (-26.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.799s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (-23.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.263s	1.007s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.433s (-22.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.571s	60	2.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.021s (~)	0.559s	59	2.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s	1.039s	0.459s	58	2.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.571s (+31.5% 🔺)	4.247s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.676s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (+56.1% 🔺)	4.129s (+23.2% 🔺)	1.536s	15	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.341s (-31.4% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.666s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.359s (-29.6% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.659s	89	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.478s	1.006s	0.528s	90	1.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-20.2% 🟢)	2.536s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.530s	36	5.89x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.121s (-16.4% 🟢)	2.655s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.534s	34	6.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.284s	2.977s	0.693s	31	6.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.601s (+42.6% 🔺)	6.275s (+30.1% 🔺)	1.674s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.138s (+68.6% 🔺)	7.056s (+46.8% 🔺)	1.918s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.642s (-18.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.364s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.647s (-21.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.359s	120	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.958s	1.466s	0.508s	83	1.49x
💻 Local	Express	9.101s (-18.7% 🟢)	9.561s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.460s	13	14.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.763s (-12.8% 🟢)	10.361s (-11.2% 🟢)	0.598s	12	15.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.531s	11.302s	0.771s	11	16.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	14.507s (+95.5% 🔺)	16.514s (+78.6% 🔺)	2.008s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	15.750s (+103.9% 🔺)	17.409s (+85.2% 🔺)	1.659s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.153s (+479.2% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-19.0% 🟢)	2.017s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.864s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.003s (+100.6% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.164s (+444.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+0.8%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.166s (+468.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.844s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.204s	2.003s	0.010s	2.018s	0.814s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.228s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.783s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.292s (-40.2% 🟢)	3.373s (-36.1% 🟢)	1.464s (+97.3% 🔺)	5.300s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.008s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.399s (-4.3%)	3.560s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.509s (+57.1% 🔺)	5.604s (~)	3.205s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.568s (+148.8% 🔺)	2.002s (+99.0% 🔺)	0.004s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.025s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.457s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.574s (+107.9% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.583s (+88.7% 🔺)	2.009s (+98.5% 🔺)	0.011s (+17.4% 🔺)	2.021s (+81.1% 🔺)	0.439s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.585s (+153.9% 🔺)	2.002s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.004s (-3.3%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.441s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.717s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.304s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.753s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.273s	30	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.267s (-3.6%)	7.727s (-3.5%)	0.597s (+46.1% 🔺)	8.867s (~)	2.601s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.523s (-77.8% 🟢)	7.825s (-74.6% 🟢)	0.228s (+103.6% 🔺)	8.466s (-73.4% 🟢)	1.943s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.710s (-26.7% 🟢)	1.015s (-18.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.032s (-18.0% 🟢)	0.322s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.714s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.028s (-19.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.048s (-19.7% 🟢)	0.335s	58	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.816s	1.071s	0.000s	1.079s	0.263s	56	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.361s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.655s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.366s (+11.7% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.650s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.690s	2.013s	0.000s	2.196s	0.505s	28	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.744s (+22.7% 🔺)	4.766s (+8.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.154s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.410s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.545s (+21.5% 🔺)	5.740s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.250s (+13.0% 🔺)	1.706s	10	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.265s (-29.4% 🟢)	2.033s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.050s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.786s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.315s (-25.8% 🟢)	1.996s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.729s	30	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.703s	2.299s	0.000s	2.307s	0.605s	27	1.35x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.052s (-9.9% 🟢)	3.840s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+75.8% 🔺)	3.842s (-4.8%)	0.790s	16	2.41x
💻 Local	Express	3.072s (-11.4% 🟢)	3.901s (-3.3%)	0.001s (+9.4% 🔺)	3.903s (-3.3%)	0.831s	16	2.43x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.172s	3.731s	0.001s	3.735s	0.563s	17	2.51x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.571s (+36.1% 🔺)	6.817s (+26.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+63.0% 🔺)	7.240s (+25.0% 🔺)	1.670s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.994s (+30.7% 🔺)	7.645s (+26.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.265s (+28.0% 🔺)	2.271s	8	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Express	16/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	17/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🪟 Windows	135	0	0	135
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7183	0	1052	8235

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	135	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Re-reviewed after the latest commits (Update trace-viewer.tsx, Update use-trace-viewer.test.ts).

Looks good to merge:

• Pagination is correctly wired through run-detail-view → NewTraceViewer
• Footer spinner now only shows while isLoadingMore
• Auto-backfill cap + scroll-load via IntersectionObserver are solid
• New pagination tests pass (8/8 locally)

Remaining follow-up is out of scope here: vercel/front parity for the new trace viewer flag path (front#72039).

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for f0f002a (AI decision).

This commit fixes pagination for the new trace viewer (packages/web-shared/src/components/new-trace-viewer/ and packages/web-shared/src/components/trace-viewer-new.tsx), which does not exist on stable — verified via git ls-tree origin/stable. The accompanying change to use-trace-viewer.ts introduces a new auto-load-with-cap behavior (and tests for it) that doesn't exist on stable (stable's hook has no auto-load useEffect), so it isn't fixing a bug present there. The change builds on main-only behavior.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

f0f002ae05e6b4a66eb72e1b1c48fda1bcd0f412

[mitul-s]

What

The new trace viewer was getting stuck on the first page for large runs. This re-wires pagination:

• Auto-load up to a cap, then scroll-load.use-trace-viewer.ts backfills history pages until AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS (500), then stops; further loading is driven by scrolling.
• IntersectionObserver scroll-loading. New useLoadMoreOnScroll + useIntersectionObserver hooks (ported from vercel/front's @vercel/hooks, with root threaded as a ref so the observer roots on the viewer's internal scroll container). A sentinel near the bottom of the span list triggers the next page — no per-scroll layout reads.
• NewTraceViewer gains onLoadMore / hasMore / isLoadingMore props and renders a centered "Loading spans…" footer (Geist spinner) while fetching.
• SplitPane exposes its scroll container via scrollContainerRef so the observer can root on it.

Notes

• AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS is also set in vercel/front's use-workflow-trace-data.ts (the trace viewer's other consumer) — keep them in sync. See vercel/front#72039.
• The cap governs only hands-free backfill; scroll + live-poll still load beyond it by design.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 49f0c86

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm

[karthikscale3]

Review notes 1–6 (inline). Overall this fixes the missing pagination wiring; minor follow-ups above.

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.041s (-4.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.043s (-3.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.962s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.061s	1.005s	0.944s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.062s (-35.2% 🟢)	1.013s (-2.8%)	0.952s	10	1.50x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.067s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.945s	10	1.61x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.069s	1.013s	0.944s	10	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.277s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.111s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.834s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.316s (+34.0% 🔺)	2.418s (+13.2% 🔺)	2.102s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.093s (-2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.913s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.101s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.905s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.102s (-3.9%)	2.009s (~)	0.907s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.105s (-3.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.138s	2.006s	0.868s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.147s	2.009s	0.863s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.672s (-10.8% 🟢)	3.778s (-0.8%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.744s (-55.2% 🟢)	3.467s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.723s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.523s (-3.2%)	11.019s (~)	0.496s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.529s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.492s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.546s (-3.8%)	11.020s (~)	0.474s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.559s (-3.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.462s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.776s	11.020s	0.244s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.826s	11.018s	0.191s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.703s (-19.3% 🟢)	15.514s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.812s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14.294s (-39.8% 🟢)	15.860s (-36.9% 🟢)	1.565s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.734s (-8.3% 🟢)	14.025s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.292s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.745s (-5.8% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.274s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.756s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.271s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.893s (-4.7%)	14.220s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.327s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.290s	15.029s	0.739s	4	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.456s	15.018s	0.562s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	23.240s (-53.8% 🟢)	25.296s (-51.9% 🟢)	2.056s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	23.351s (-63.8% 🟢)	25.318s (-62.0% 🟢)	1.966s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	12.370s (-11.7% 🟢)	13.016s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.646s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.464s (-10.8% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.554s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	12.480s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.544s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.500s (-24.7% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.525s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.513s	14.028s	0.515s	7	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.052s	14.449s	0.396s	7	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	32.042s (-92.4% 🟢)	33.957s (-92.0% 🟢)	1.916s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.574s (-72.3% 🟢)	36.447s (-70.5% 🟢)	2.873s	3	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.177s (-7.7% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.831s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.179s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.828s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.179s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.829s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.188s (-27.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.818s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.253s	2.008s	0.755s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.006s	0.648s	15	1.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.639s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.240s (-1.9%)	1.601s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.983s (+4.3%)	4.828s (+4.4%)	1.844s	7	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.239s (-47.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.769s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.253s (-46.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.754s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.423s	2.007s	0.584s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.627s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.379s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.765s (-43.9% 🟢)	2.073s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.308s	15	1.42x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.886s	2.391s	0.506s	13	1.52x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.571s (-1.3%)	5.011s (-2.0%)	1.439s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.674s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.149s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.475s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.383s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.624s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.724s	2.316s	0.592s	13	1.25x
💻 Local	Express	4.388s (-47.4% 🟢)	4.868s (-46.1% 🟢)	0.480s	7	3.17x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.896s	5.297s	0.401s	7	3.54x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.436s (-34.9% 🟢)	5.845s (-35.2% 🟢)	0.409s	6	3.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.577s (+58.2% 🔺)	7.509s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.932s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.337s (+49.4% 🔺)	8.535s (+39.3% 🔺)	2.199s	4	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.172s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.837s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.184s (-5.8% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.824s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.241s	2.008s	0.767s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.368s	2.006s	0.638s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.541s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.465s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Express	1.566s (-17.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.440s	15	1.34x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.817s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.521s (+3.9%)	1.704s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.821s (+14.7% 🔺)	4.519s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.698s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.250s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.757s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.297s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.389s	2.009s	0.619s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.725s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.072s (-44.9% 🟢)	0.347s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.071s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.591s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.519s	12	1.66x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.083s	2.735s	0.652s	11	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.321s (+4.0%)	5.207s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.886s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.531s (+9.2% 🔺)	5.157s (+1.6%)	1.626s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.388s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.620s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.391s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.771s	2.317s	0.546s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.595s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.011s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.416s	6	3.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.255s	5.513s	0.258s	6	3.79x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.433s (-29.7% 🟢)	7.015s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.582s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.399s (-15.9% 🟢)	7.246s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.847s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.645s (+30.5% 🔺)	8.837s (+29.6% 🔺)	2.193s	4	1.23x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.558s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.448s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (-32.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.441s	60	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.591s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.021s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.431s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.601s (-38.7% 🟢)	1.005s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.404s	60	1.08x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.830s	1.024s	0.194s	59	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.859s	1.021s	0.163s	59	1.54x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.370s (-71.8% 🟢)	7.214s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.844s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.041s (-72.6% 🟢)	7.729s (-67.8% 🟢)	1.688s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.323s (-33.0% 🟢)	2.030s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.707s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-27.9% 🟢)	2.030s (-3.3%)	0.640s	45	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.480s (-50.9% 🟢)	2.005s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.526s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.524s (-49.8% 🟢)	2.028s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.504s	45	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.986s	2.343s	0.357s	39	1.50x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.080s	2.943s	0.863s	31	1.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.722s (-60.3% 🟢)	16.049s (-56.4% 🟢)	2.327s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16.784s (-57.5% 🟢)	18.494s (-55.2% 🟢)	1.710s	5	1.22x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.577s (-35.4% 🟢)	3.058s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.481s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.654s (-35.3% 🟢)	3.085s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.431s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	3.116s (-66.2% 🟢)	3.705s (-63.0% 🟢)	0.590s	33	1.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.275s (-64.8% 🟢)	4.010s (-60.0% 🟢)	0.734s	30	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.832s	4.010s	0.178s	30	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.301s	5.010s	0.709s	24	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.551s (-77.3% 🟢)	32.398s (-75.5% 🟢)	2.847s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.567s (-67.4% 🟢)	33.274s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.707s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.207s (-26.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.799s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (-23.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.263s	1.007s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.433s (-22.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.571s	60	2.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.021s (~)	0.559s	59	2.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s	1.039s	0.459s	58	2.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.571s (+31.5% 🔺)	4.247s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.676s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (+56.1% 🔺)	4.129s (+23.2% 🔺)	1.536s	15	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.341s (-31.4% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.666s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.359s (-29.6% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.659s	89	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.478s	1.006s	0.528s	90	1.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-20.2% 🟢)	2.536s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.530s	36	5.89x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.121s (-16.4% 🟢)	2.655s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.534s	34	6.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.284s	2.977s	0.693s	31	6.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.601s (+42.6% 🔺)	6.275s (+30.1% 🔺)	1.674s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.138s (+68.6% 🔺)	7.056s (+46.8% 🔺)	1.918s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.642s (-18.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.364s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.647s (-21.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.359s	120	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.958s	1.466s	0.508s	83	1.49x
💻 Local	Express	9.101s (-18.7% 🟢)	9.561s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.460s	13	14.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.763s (-12.8% 🟢)	10.361s (-11.2% 🟢)	0.598s	12	15.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.531s	11.302s	0.771s	11	16.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	14.507s (+95.5% 🔺)	16.514s (+78.6% 🔺)	2.008s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	15.750s (+103.9% 🔺)	17.409s (+85.2% 🔺)	1.659s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.153s (+479.2% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-19.0% 🟢)	2.017s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.864s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.003s (+100.6% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.164s (+444.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+0.8%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.166s (+468.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.844s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.204s	2.003s	0.010s	2.018s	0.814s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.228s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.783s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.292s (-40.2% 🟢)	3.373s (-36.1% 🟢)	1.464s (+97.3% 🔺)	5.300s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.008s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.399s (-4.3%)	3.560s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.509s (+57.1% 🔺)	5.604s (~)	3.205s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.568s (+148.8% 🔺)	2.002s (+99.0% 🔺)	0.004s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.025s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.457s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.574s (+107.9% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.583s (+88.7% 🔺)	2.009s (+98.5% 🔺)	0.011s (+17.4% 🔺)	2.021s (+81.1% 🔺)	0.439s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.585s (+153.9% 🔺)	2.002s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.004s (-3.3%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.441s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.717s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.304s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.753s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.273s	30	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.267s (-3.6%)	7.727s (-3.5%)	0.597s (+46.1% 🔺)	8.867s (~)	2.601s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.523s (-77.8% 🟢)	7.825s (-74.6% 🟢)	0.228s (+103.6% 🔺)	8.466s (-73.4% 🟢)	1.943s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.710s (-26.7% 🟢)	1.015s (-18.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.032s (-18.0% 🟢)	0.322s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.714s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.028s (-19.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.048s (-19.7% 🟢)	0.335s	58	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.816s	1.071s	0.000s	1.079s	0.263s	56	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.361s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.655s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.366s (+11.7% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.650s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.690s	2.013s	0.000s	2.196s	0.505s	28	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.744s (+22.7% 🔺)	4.766s (+8.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.154s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.410s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.545s (+21.5% 🔺)	5.740s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.250s (+13.0% 🔺)	1.706s	10	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.265s (-29.4% 🟢)	2.033s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.050s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.786s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.315s (-25.8% 🟢)	1.996s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.729s	30	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.703s	2.299s	0.000s	2.307s	0.605s	27	1.35x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.052s (-9.9% 🟢)	3.840s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+75.8% 🔺)	3.842s (-4.8%)	0.790s	16	2.41x
💻 Local	Express	3.072s (-11.4% 🟢)	3.901s (-3.3%)	0.001s (+9.4% 🔺)	3.903s (-3.3%)	0.831s	16	2.43x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.172s	3.731s	0.001s	3.735s	0.563s	17	2.51x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.571s (+36.1% 🔺)	6.817s (+26.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+63.0% 🔺)	7.240s (+25.0% 🔺)	1.670s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.994s (+30.7% 🔺)	7.645s (+26.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.265s (+28.0% 🔺)	2.271s	8	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Express	16/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	17/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🪟 Windows	135	0	0	135
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7183	0	1052	8235

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	135	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Re-reviewed after the latest commits (Update trace-viewer.tsx, Update use-trace-viewer.test.ts).

Looks good to merge:

• Pagination is correctly wired through run-detail-view → NewTraceViewer
• Footer spinner now only shows while isLoadingMore
• Auto-backfill cap + scroll-load via IntersectionObserver are solid
• New pagination tests pass (8/8 locally)

Remaining follow-up is out of scope here: vercel/front parity for the new trace viewer flag path (front#72039).

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for f0f002a (AI decision).

This commit fixes pagination for the new trace viewer (packages/web-shared/src/components/new-trace-viewer/ and packages/web-shared/src/components/trace-viewer-new.tsx), which does not exist on stable — verified via git ls-tree origin/stable. The accompanying change to use-trace-viewer.ts introduces a new auto-load-with-cap behavior (and tests for it) that doesn't exist on stable (stable's hook has no auto-load useEffect), so it isn't fixing a bug present there. The change builds on main-only behavior.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

f0f002ae05e6b4a66eb72e1b1c48fda1bcd0f412

[mitul-s]

What

The new trace viewer was getting stuck on the first page for large runs. This re-wires pagination:

• Auto-load up to a cap, then scroll-load.use-trace-viewer.ts backfills history pages until AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS (500), then stops; further loading is driven by scrolling.
• IntersectionObserver scroll-loading. New useLoadMoreOnScroll + useIntersectionObserver hooks (ported from vercel/front's @vercel/hooks, with root threaded as a ref so the observer roots on the viewer's internal scroll container). A sentinel near the bottom of the span list triggers the next page — no per-scroll layout reads.
• NewTraceViewer gains onLoadMore / hasMore / isLoadingMore props and renders a centered "Loading spans…" footer (Geist spinner) while fetching.
• SplitPane exposes its scroll container via scrollContainerRef so the observer can root on it.

Notes

• AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS is also set in vercel/front's use-workflow-trace-data.ts (the trace viewer's other consumer) — keep them in sync. See vercel/front#72039.
• The cap governs only hands-free backfill; scroll + live-poll still load beyond it by design.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 49f0c86

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm

[karthikscale3]

Review notes 1–6 (inline). Overall this fixes the missing pagination wiring; minor follow-ups above.

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.041s (-4.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.043s (-3.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.962s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.061s	1.005s	0.944s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.062s (-35.2% 🟢)	1.013s (-2.8%)	0.952s	10	1.50x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.067s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.945s	10	1.61x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.069s	1.013s	0.944s	10	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.277s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.111s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.834s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.316s (+34.0% 🔺)	2.418s (+13.2% 🔺)	2.102s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.093s (-2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.913s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.101s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.905s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.102s (-3.9%)	2.009s (~)	0.907s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.105s (-3.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.138s	2.006s	0.868s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.147s	2.009s	0.863s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.672s (-10.8% 🟢)	3.778s (-0.8%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.744s (-55.2% 🟢)	3.467s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.723s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.523s (-3.2%)	11.019s (~)	0.496s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.529s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.492s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.546s (-3.8%)	11.020s (~)	0.474s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.559s (-3.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.462s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.776s	11.020s	0.244s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.826s	11.018s	0.191s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.703s (-19.3% 🟢)	15.514s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.812s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14.294s (-39.8% 🟢)	15.860s (-36.9% 🟢)	1.565s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.734s (-8.3% 🟢)	14.025s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.292s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.745s (-5.8% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.274s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.756s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.271s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.893s (-4.7%)	14.220s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.327s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.290s	15.029s	0.739s	4	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.456s	15.018s	0.562s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	23.240s (-53.8% 🟢)	25.296s (-51.9% 🟢)	2.056s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	23.351s (-63.8% 🟢)	25.318s (-62.0% 🟢)	1.966s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	12.370s (-11.7% 🟢)	13.016s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.646s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.464s (-10.8% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.554s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	12.480s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.544s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.500s (-24.7% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.525s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.513s	14.028s	0.515s	7	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.052s	14.449s	0.396s	7	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	32.042s (-92.4% 🟢)	33.957s (-92.0% 🟢)	1.916s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.574s (-72.3% 🟢)	36.447s (-70.5% 🟢)	2.873s	3	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.177s (-7.7% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.831s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.179s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.828s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.179s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.829s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.188s (-27.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.818s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.253s	2.008s	0.755s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.006s	0.648s	15	1.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.639s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.240s (-1.9%)	1.601s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.983s (+4.3%)	4.828s (+4.4%)	1.844s	7	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.239s (-47.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.769s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.253s (-46.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.754s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.423s	2.007s	0.584s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.627s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.379s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.765s (-43.9% 🟢)	2.073s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.308s	15	1.42x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.886s	2.391s	0.506s	13	1.52x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.571s (-1.3%)	5.011s (-2.0%)	1.439s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.674s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.149s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.475s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.383s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.624s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.724s	2.316s	0.592s	13	1.25x
💻 Local	Express	4.388s (-47.4% 🟢)	4.868s (-46.1% 🟢)	0.480s	7	3.17x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.896s	5.297s	0.401s	7	3.54x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.436s (-34.9% 🟢)	5.845s (-35.2% 🟢)	0.409s	6	3.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.577s (+58.2% 🔺)	7.509s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.932s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.337s (+49.4% 🔺)	8.535s (+39.3% 🔺)	2.199s	4	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.172s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.837s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.184s (-5.8% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.824s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.241s	2.008s	0.767s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.368s	2.006s	0.638s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.541s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.465s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Express	1.566s (-17.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.440s	15	1.34x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.817s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.521s (+3.9%)	1.704s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.821s (+14.7% 🔺)	4.519s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.698s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.250s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.757s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.297s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.389s	2.009s	0.619s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.725s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.072s (-44.9% 🟢)	0.347s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.071s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.591s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.519s	12	1.66x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.083s	2.735s	0.652s	11	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.321s (+4.0%)	5.207s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.886s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.531s (+9.2% 🔺)	5.157s (+1.6%)	1.626s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.388s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.620s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.391s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.771s	2.317s	0.546s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.595s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.011s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.416s	6	3.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.255s	5.513s	0.258s	6	3.79x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.433s (-29.7% 🟢)	7.015s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.582s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.399s (-15.9% 🟢)	7.246s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.847s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.645s (+30.5% 🔺)	8.837s (+29.6% 🔺)	2.193s	4	1.23x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.558s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.448s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (-32.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.441s	60	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.591s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.021s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.431s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.601s (-38.7% 🟢)	1.005s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.404s	60	1.08x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.830s	1.024s	0.194s	59	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.859s	1.021s	0.163s	59	1.54x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.370s (-71.8% 🟢)	7.214s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.844s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.041s (-72.6% 🟢)	7.729s (-67.8% 🟢)	1.688s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.323s (-33.0% 🟢)	2.030s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.707s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-27.9% 🟢)	2.030s (-3.3%)	0.640s	45	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.480s (-50.9% 🟢)	2.005s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.526s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.524s (-49.8% 🟢)	2.028s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.504s	45	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.986s	2.343s	0.357s	39	1.50x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.080s	2.943s	0.863s	31	1.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.722s (-60.3% 🟢)	16.049s (-56.4% 🟢)	2.327s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16.784s (-57.5% 🟢)	18.494s (-55.2% 🟢)	1.710s	5	1.22x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.577s (-35.4% 🟢)	3.058s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.481s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.654s (-35.3% 🟢)	3.085s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.431s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	3.116s (-66.2% 🟢)	3.705s (-63.0% 🟢)	0.590s	33	1.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.275s (-64.8% 🟢)	4.010s (-60.0% 🟢)	0.734s	30	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.832s	4.010s	0.178s	30	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.301s	5.010s	0.709s	24	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.551s (-77.3% 🟢)	32.398s (-75.5% 🟢)	2.847s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.567s (-67.4% 🟢)	33.274s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.707s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.207s (-26.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.799s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (-23.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.263s	1.007s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.433s (-22.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.571s	60	2.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.021s (~)	0.559s	59	2.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s	1.039s	0.459s	58	2.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.571s (+31.5% 🔺)	4.247s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.676s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (+56.1% 🔺)	4.129s (+23.2% 🔺)	1.536s	15	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.341s (-31.4% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.666s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.359s (-29.6% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.659s	89	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.478s	1.006s	0.528s	90	1.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-20.2% 🟢)	2.536s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.530s	36	5.89x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.121s (-16.4% 🟢)	2.655s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.534s	34	6.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.284s	2.977s	0.693s	31	6.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.601s (+42.6% 🔺)	6.275s (+30.1% 🔺)	1.674s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.138s (+68.6% 🔺)	7.056s (+46.8% 🔺)	1.918s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.642s (-18.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.364s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.647s (-21.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.359s	120	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.958s	1.466s	0.508s	83	1.49x
💻 Local	Express	9.101s (-18.7% 🟢)	9.561s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.460s	13	14.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.763s (-12.8% 🟢)	10.361s (-11.2% 🟢)	0.598s	12	15.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.531s	11.302s	0.771s	11	16.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	14.507s (+95.5% 🔺)	16.514s (+78.6% 🔺)	2.008s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	15.750s (+103.9% 🔺)	17.409s (+85.2% 🔺)	1.659s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.153s (+479.2% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-19.0% 🟢)	2.017s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.864s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.003s (+100.6% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.164s (+444.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+0.8%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.166s (+468.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.844s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.204s	2.003s	0.010s	2.018s	0.814s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.228s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.783s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.292s (-40.2% 🟢)	3.373s (-36.1% 🟢)	1.464s (+97.3% 🔺)	5.300s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.008s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.399s (-4.3%)	3.560s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.509s (+57.1% 🔺)	5.604s (~)	3.205s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.568s (+148.8% 🔺)	2.002s (+99.0% 🔺)	0.004s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.025s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.457s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.574s (+107.9% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.583s (+88.7% 🔺)	2.009s (+98.5% 🔺)	0.011s (+17.4% 🔺)	2.021s (+81.1% 🔺)	0.439s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.585s (+153.9% 🔺)	2.002s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.004s (-3.3%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.441s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.717s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.304s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.753s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.273s	30	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.267s (-3.6%)	7.727s (-3.5%)	0.597s (+46.1% 🔺)	8.867s (~)	2.601s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.523s (-77.8% 🟢)	7.825s (-74.6% 🟢)	0.228s (+103.6% 🔺)	8.466s (-73.4% 🟢)	1.943s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.710s (-26.7% 🟢)	1.015s (-18.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.032s (-18.0% 🟢)	0.322s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.714s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.028s (-19.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.048s (-19.7% 🟢)	0.335s	58	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.816s	1.071s	0.000s	1.079s	0.263s	56	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.361s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.655s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.366s (+11.7% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.650s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.690s	2.013s	0.000s	2.196s	0.505s	28	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.744s (+22.7% 🔺)	4.766s (+8.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.154s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.410s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.545s (+21.5% 🔺)	5.740s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.250s (+13.0% 🔺)	1.706s	10	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.265s (-29.4% 🟢)	2.033s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.050s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.786s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.315s (-25.8% 🟢)	1.996s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.729s	30	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.703s	2.299s	0.000s	2.307s	0.605s	27	1.35x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.052s (-9.9% 🟢)	3.840s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+75.8% 🔺)	3.842s (-4.8%)	0.790s	16	2.41x
💻 Local	Express	3.072s (-11.4% 🟢)	3.901s (-3.3%)	0.001s (+9.4% 🔺)	3.903s (-3.3%)	0.831s	16	2.43x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.172s	3.731s	0.001s	3.735s	0.563s	17	2.51x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.571s (+36.1% 🔺)	6.817s (+26.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+63.0% 🔺)	7.240s (+25.0% 🔺)	1.670s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.994s (+30.7% 🔺)	7.645s (+26.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.265s (+28.0% 🔺)	2.271s	8	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Express	16/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	17/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🪟 Windows	135	0	0	135
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7183	0	1052	8235

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	135	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Re-reviewed after the latest commits (Update trace-viewer.tsx, Update use-trace-viewer.test.ts).

Looks good to merge:

• Pagination is correctly wired through run-detail-view → NewTraceViewer
• Footer spinner now only shows while isLoadingMore
• Auto-backfill cap + scroll-load via IntersectionObserver are solid
• New pagination tests pass (8/8 locally)

Remaining follow-up is out of scope here: vercel/front parity for the new trace viewer flag path (front#72039).

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for f0f002a (AI decision).

This commit fixes pagination for the new trace viewer (packages/web-shared/src/components/new-trace-viewer/ and packages/web-shared/src/components/trace-viewer-new.tsx), which does not exist on stable — verified via git ls-tree origin/stable. The accompanying change to use-trace-viewer.ts introduces a new auto-load-with-cap behavior (and tests for it) that doesn't exist on stable (stable's hook has no auto-load useEffect), so it isn't fixing a bug present there. The change builds on main-only behavior.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

f0f002ae05e6b4a66eb72e1b1c48fda1bcd0f412

[mitul-s]

What

The new trace viewer was getting stuck on the first page for large runs. This re-wires pagination:

• Auto-load up to a cap, then scroll-load.use-trace-viewer.ts backfills history pages until AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS (500), then stops; further loading is driven by scrolling.
• IntersectionObserver scroll-loading. New useLoadMoreOnScroll + useIntersectionObserver hooks (ported from vercel/front's @vercel/hooks, with root threaded as a ref so the observer roots on the viewer's internal scroll container). A sentinel near the bottom of the span list triggers the next page — no per-scroll layout reads.
• NewTraceViewer gains onLoadMore / hasMore / isLoadingMore props and renders a centered "Loading spans…" footer (Geist spinner) while fetching.
• SplitPane exposes its scroll container via scrollContainerRef so the observer can root on it.

Notes

• AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS is also set in vercel/front's use-workflow-trace-data.ts (the trace viewer's other consumer) — keep them in sync. See vercel/front#72039.
• The cap governs only hands-free backfill; scroll + live-poll still load beyond it by design.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 49f0c86

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm

[karthikscale3]

Review notes 1–6 (inline). Overall this fixes the missing pagination wiring; minor follow-ups above.

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.041s (-4.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.043s (-3.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.962s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.061s	1.005s	0.944s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.062s (-35.2% 🟢)	1.013s (-2.8%)	0.952s	10	1.50x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.067s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.945s	10	1.61x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.069s	1.013s	0.944s	10	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.277s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.111s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.834s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.316s (+34.0% 🔺)	2.418s (+13.2% 🔺)	2.102s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.093s (-2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.913s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.101s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.905s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.102s (-3.9%)	2.009s (~)	0.907s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.105s (-3.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.138s	2.006s	0.868s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.147s	2.009s	0.863s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.672s (-10.8% 🟢)	3.778s (-0.8%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.744s (-55.2% 🟢)	3.467s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.723s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.523s (-3.2%)	11.019s (~)	0.496s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.529s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.492s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.546s (-3.8%)	11.020s (~)	0.474s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.559s (-3.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.462s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.776s	11.020s	0.244s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.826s	11.018s	0.191s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.703s (-19.3% 🟢)	15.514s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.812s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14.294s (-39.8% 🟢)	15.860s (-36.9% 🟢)	1.565s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.734s (-8.3% 🟢)	14.025s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.292s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.745s (-5.8% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.274s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.756s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.271s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.893s (-4.7%)	14.220s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.327s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.290s	15.029s	0.739s	4	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.456s	15.018s	0.562s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	23.240s (-53.8% 🟢)	25.296s (-51.9% 🟢)	2.056s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	23.351s (-63.8% 🟢)	25.318s (-62.0% 🟢)	1.966s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	12.370s (-11.7% 🟢)	13.016s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.646s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.464s (-10.8% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.554s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	12.480s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.544s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.500s (-24.7% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.525s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.513s	14.028s	0.515s	7	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.052s	14.449s	0.396s	7	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	32.042s (-92.4% 🟢)	33.957s (-92.0% 🟢)	1.916s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.574s (-72.3% 🟢)	36.447s (-70.5% 🟢)	2.873s	3	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.177s (-7.7% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.831s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.179s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.828s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.179s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.829s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.188s (-27.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.818s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.253s	2.008s	0.755s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.006s	0.648s	15	1.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.639s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.240s (-1.9%)	1.601s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.983s (+4.3%)	4.828s (+4.4%)	1.844s	7	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.239s (-47.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.769s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.253s (-46.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.754s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.423s	2.007s	0.584s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.627s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.379s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.765s (-43.9% 🟢)	2.073s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.308s	15	1.42x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.886s	2.391s	0.506s	13	1.52x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.571s (-1.3%)	5.011s (-2.0%)	1.439s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.674s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.149s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.475s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.383s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.624s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.724s	2.316s	0.592s	13	1.25x
💻 Local	Express	4.388s (-47.4% 🟢)	4.868s (-46.1% 🟢)	0.480s	7	3.17x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.896s	5.297s	0.401s	7	3.54x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.436s (-34.9% 🟢)	5.845s (-35.2% 🟢)	0.409s	6	3.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.577s (+58.2% 🔺)	7.509s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.932s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.337s (+49.4% 🔺)	8.535s (+39.3% 🔺)	2.199s	4	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.172s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.837s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.184s (-5.8% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.824s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.241s	2.008s	0.767s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.368s	2.006s	0.638s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.541s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.465s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Express	1.566s (-17.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.440s	15	1.34x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.817s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.521s (+3.9%)	1.704s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.821s (+14.7% 🔺)	4.519s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.698s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.250s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.757s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.297s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.389s	2.009s	0.619s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.725s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.072s (-44.9% 🟢)	0.347s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.071s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.591s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.519s	12	1.66x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.083s	2.735s	0.652s	11	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.321s (+4.0%)	5.207s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.886s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.531s (+9.2% 🔺)	5.157s (+1.6%)	1.626s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.388s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.620s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.391s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.771s	2.317s	0.546s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.595s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.011s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.416s	6	3.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.255s	5.513s	0.258s	6	3.79x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.433s (-29.7% 🟢)	7.015s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.582s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.399s (-15.9% 🟢)	7.246s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.847s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.645s (+30.5% 🔺)	8.837s (+29.6% 🔺)	2.193s	4	1.23x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.558s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.448s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (-32.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.441s	60	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.591s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.021s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.431s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.601s (-38.7% 🟢)	1.005s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.404s	60	1.08x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.830s	1.024s	0.194s	59	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.859s	1.021s	0.163s	59	1.54x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.370s (-71.8% 🟢)	7.214s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.844s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.041s (-72.6% 🟢)	7.729s (-67.8% 🟢)	1.688s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.323s (-33.0% 🟢)	2.030s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.707s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-27.9% 🟢)	2.030s (-3.3%)	0.640s	45	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.480s (-50.9% 🟢)	2.005s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.526s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.524s (-49.8% 🟢)	2.028s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.504s	45	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.986s	2.343s	0.357s	39	1.50x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.080s	2.943s	0.863s	31	1.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.722s (-60.3% 🟢)	16.049s (-56.4% 🟢)	2.327s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16.784s (-57.5% 🟢)	18.494s (-55.2% 🟢)	1.710s	5	1.22x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.577s (-35.4% 🟢)	3.058s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.481s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.654s (-35.3% 🟢)	3.085s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.431s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	3.116s (-66.2% 🟢)	3.705s (-63.0% 🟢)	0.590s	33	1.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.275s (-64.8% 🟢)	4.010s (-60.0% 🟢)	0.734s	30	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.832s	4.010s	0.178s	30	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.301s	5.010s	0.709s	24	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.551s (-77.3% 🟢)	32.398s (-75.5% 🟢)	2.847s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.567s (-67.4% 🟢)	33.274s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.707s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.207s (-26.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.799s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (-23.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.263s	1.007s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.433s (-22.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.571s	60	2.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.021s (~)	0.559s	59	2.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s	1.039s	0.459s	58	2.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.571s (+31.5% 🔺)	4.247s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.676s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (+56.1% 🔺)	4.129s (+23.2% 🔺)	1.536s	15	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.341s (-31.4% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.666s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.359s (-29.6% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.659s	89	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.478s	1.006s	0.528s	90	1.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-20.2% 🟢)	2.536s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.530s	36	5.89x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.121s (-16.4% 🟢)	2.655s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.534s	34	6.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.284s	2.977s	0.693s	31	6.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.601s (+42.6% 🔺)	6.275s (+30.1% 🔺)	1.674s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.138s (+68.6% 🔺)	7.056s (+46.8% 🔺)	1.918s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.642s (-18.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.364s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.647s (-21.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.359s	120	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.958s	1.466s	0.508s	83	1.49x
💻 Local	Express	9.101s (-18.7% 🟢)	9.561s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.460s	13	14.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.763s (-12.8% 🟢)	10.361s (-11.2% 🟢)	0.598s	12	15.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.531s	11.302s	0.771s	11	16.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	14.507s (+95.5% 🔺)	16.514s (+78.6% 🔺)	2.008s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	15.750s (+103.9% 🔺)	17.409s (+85.2% 🔺)	1.659s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.153s (+479.2% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-19.0% 🟢)	2.017s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.864s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.003s (+100.6% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.164s (+444.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+0.8%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.166s (+468.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.844s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.204s	2.003s	0.010s	2.018s	0.814s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.228s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.783s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.292s (-40.2% 🟢)	3.373s (-36.1% 🟢)	1.464s (+97.3% 🔺)	5.300s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.008s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.399s (-4.3%)	3.560s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.509s (+57.1% 🔺)	5.604s (~)	3.205s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.568s (+148.8% 🔺)	2.002s (+99.0% 🔺)	0.004s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.025s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.457s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.574s (+107.9% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.583s (+88.7% 🔺)	2.009s (+98.5% 🔺)	0.011s (+17.4% 🔺)	2.021s (+81.1% 🔺)	0.439s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.585s (+153.9% 🔺)	2.002s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.004s (-3.3%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.441s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.717s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.304s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.753s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.273s	30	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.267s (-3.6%)	7.727s (-3.5%)	0.597s (+46.1% 🔺)	8.867s (~)	2.601s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.523s (-77.8% 🟢)	7.825s (-74.6% 🟢)	0.228s (+103.6% 🔺)	8.466s (-73.4% 🟢)	1.943s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.710s (-26.7% 🟢)	1.015s (-18.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.032s (-18.0% 🟢)	0.322s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.714s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.028s (-19.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.048s (-19.7% 🟢)	0.335s	58	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.816s	1.071s	0.000s	1.079s	0.263s	56	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.361s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.655s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.366s (+11.7% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.650s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.690s	2.013s	0.000s	2.196s	0.505s	28	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.744s (+22.7% 🔺)	4.766s (+8.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.154s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.410s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.545s (+21.5% 🔺)	5.740s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.250s (+13.0% 🔺)	1.706s	10	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.265s (-29.4% 🟢)	2.033s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.050s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.786s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.315s (-25.8% 🟢)	1.996s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.729s	30	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.703s	2.299s	0.000s	2.307s	0.605s	27	1.35x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.052s (-9.9% 🟢)	3.840s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+75.8% 🔺)	3.842s (-4.8%)	0.790s	16	2.41x
💻 Local	Express	3.072s (-11.4% 🟢)	3.901s (-3.3%)	0.001s (+9.4% 🔺)	3.903s (-3.3%)	0.831s	16	2.43x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.172s	3.731s	0.001s	3.735s	0.563s	17	2.51x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.571s (+36.1% 🔺)	6.817s (+26.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+63.0% 🔺)	7.240s (+25.0% 🔺)	1.670s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.994s (+30.7% 🔺)	7.645s (+26.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.265s (+28.0% 🔺)	2.271s	8	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Express	16/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	17/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🪟 Windows	135	0	0	135
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7183	0	1052	8235

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	135	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Re-reviewed after the latest commits (Update trace-viewer.tsx, Update use-trace-viewer.test.ts).

Looks good to merge:

• Pagination is correctly wired through run-detail-view → NewTraceViewer
• Footer spinner now only shows while isLoadingMore
• Auto-backfill cap + scroll-load via IntersectionObserver are solid
• New pagination tests pass (8/8 locally)

Remaining follow-up is out of scope here: vercel/front parity for the new trace viewer flag path (front#72039).

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for f0f002a (AI decision).

This commit fixes pagination for the new trace viewer (packages/web-shared/src/components/new-trace-viewer/ and packages/web-shared/src/components/trace-viewer-new.tsx), which does not exist on stable — verified via git ls-tree origin/stable. The accompanying change to use-trace-viewer.ts introduces a new auto-load-with-cap behavior (and tests for it) that doesn't exist on stable (stable's hook has no auto-load useEffect), so it isn't fixing a bug present there. The change builds on main-only behavior.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

f0f002ae05e6b4a66eb72e1b1c48fda1bcd0f412

[mitul-s]

What

The new trace viewer was getting stuck on the first page for large runs. This re-wires pagination:

• Auto-load up to a cap, then scroll-load.use-trace-viewer.ts backfills history pages until AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS (500), then stops; further loading is driven by scrolling.
• IntersectionObserver scroll-loading. New useLoadMoreOnScroll + useIntersectionObserver hooks (ported from vercel/front's @vercel/hooks, with root threaded as a ref so the observer roots on the viewer's internal scroll container). A sentinel near the bottom of the span list triggers the next page — no per-scroll layout reads.
• NewTraceViewer gains onLoadMore / hasMore / isLoadingMore props and renders a centered "Loading spans…" footer (Geist spinner) while fetching.
• SplitPane exposes its scroll container via scrollContainerRef so the observer can root on it.

Notes

• AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS is also set in vercel/front's use-workflow-trace-data.ts (the trace viewer's other consumer) — keep them in sync. See vercel/front#72039.
• The cap governs only hands-free backfill; scroll + live-poll still load beyond it by design.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 49f0c86

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm

[karthikscale3]

Review notes 1–6 (inline). Overall this fixes the missing pagination wiring; minor follow-ups above.

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.041s (-4.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.043s (-3.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.962s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.061s	1.005s	0.944s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.062s (-35.2% 🟢)	1.013s (-2.8%)	0.952s	10	1.50x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.067s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.945s	10	1.61x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.069s	1.013s	0.944s	10	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.277s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.111s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.834s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.316s (+34.0% 🔺)	2.418s (+13.2% 🔺)	2.102s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.093s (-2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.913s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.101s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.905s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.102s (-3.9%)	2.009s (~)	0.907s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.105s (-3.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.138s	2.006s	0.868s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.147s	2.009s	0.863s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.672s (-10.8% 🟢)	3.778s (-0.8%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.744s (-55.2% 🟢)	3.467s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.723s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.523s (-3.2%)	11.019s (~)	0.496s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.529s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.492s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.546s (-3.8%)	11.020s (~)	0.474s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.559s (-3.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.462s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.776s	11.020s	0.244s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.826s	11.018s	0.191s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.703s (-19.3% 🟢)	15.514s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.812s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14.294s (-39.8% 🟢)	15.860s (-36.9% 🟢)	1.565s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.734s (-8.3% 🟢)	14.025s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.292s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.745s (-5.8% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.274s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.756s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.271s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.893s (-4.7%)	14.220s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.327s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.290s	15.029s	0.739s	4	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.456s	15.018s	0.562s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	23.240s (-53.8% 🟢)	25.296s (-51.9% 🟢)	2.056s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	23.351s (-63.8% 🟢)	25.318s (-62.0% 🟢)	1.966s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	12.370s (-11.7% 🟢)	13.016s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.646s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.464s (-10.8% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.554s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	12.480s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.544s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.500s (-24.7% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.525s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.513s	14.028s	0.515s	7	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.052s	14.449s	0.396s	7	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	32.042s (-92.4% 🟢)	33.957s (-92.0% 🟢)	1.916s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.574s (-72.3% 🟢)	36.447s (-70.5% 🟢)	2.873s	3	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.177s (-7.7% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.831s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.179s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.828s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.179s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.829s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.188s (-27.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.818s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.253s	2.008s	0.755s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.006s	0.648s	15	1.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.639s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.240s (-1.9%)	1.601s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.983s (+4.3%)	4.828s (+4.4%)	1.844s	7	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.239s (-47.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.769s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.253s (-46.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.754s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.423s	2.007s	0.584s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.627s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.379s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.765s (-43.9% 🟢)	2.073s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.308s	15	1.42x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.886s	2.391s	0.506s	13	1.52x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.571s (-1.3%)	5.011s (-2.0%)	1.439s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.674s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.149s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.475s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.383s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.624s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.724s	2.316s	0.592s	13	1.25x
💻 Local	Express	4.388s (-47.4% 🟢)	4.868s (-46.1% 🟢)	0.480s	7	3.17x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.896s	5.297s	0.401s	7	3.54x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.436s (-34.9% 🟢)	5.845s (-35.2% 🟢)	0.409s	6	3.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.577s (+58.2% 🔺)	7.509s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.932s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.337s (+49.4% 🔺)	8.535s (+39.3% 🔺)	2.199s	4	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.172s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.837s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.184s (-5.8% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.824s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.241s	2.008s	0.767s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.368s	2.006s	0.638s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.541s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.465s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Express	1.566s (-17.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.440s	15	1.34x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.817s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.521s (+3.9%)	1.704s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.821s (+14.7% 🔺)	4.519s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.698s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.250s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.757s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.297s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.389s	2.009s	0.619s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.725s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.072s (-44.9% 🟢)	0.347s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.071s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.591s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.519s	12	1.66x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.083s	2.735s	0.652s	11	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.321s (+4.0%)	5.207s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.886s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.531s (+9.2% 🔺)	5.157s (+1.6%)	1.626s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.388s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.620s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.391s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.771s	2.317s	0.546s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.595s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.011s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.416s	6	3.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.255s	5.513s	0.258s	6	3.79x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.433s (-29.7% 🟢)	7.015s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.582s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.399s (-15.9% 🟢)	7.246s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.847s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.645s (+30.5% 🔺)	8.837s (+29.6% 🔺)	2.193s	4	1.23x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.558s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.448s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (-32.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.441s	60	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.591s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.021s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.431s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.601s (-38.7% 🟢)	1.005s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.404s	60	1.08x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.830s	1.024s	0.194s	59	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.859s	1.021s	0.163s	59	1.54x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.370s (-71.8% 🟢)	7.214s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.844s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.041s (-72.6% 🟢)	7.729s (-67.8% 🟢)	1.688s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.323s (-33.0% 🟢)	2.030s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.707s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-27.9% 🟢)	2.030s (-3.3%)	0.640s	45	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.480s (-50.9% 🟢)	2.005s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.526s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.524s (-49.8% 🟢)	2.028s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.504s	45	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.986s	2.343s	0.357s	39	1.50x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.080s	2.943s	0.863s	31	1.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.722s (-60.3% 🟢)	16.049s (-56.4% 🟢)	2.327s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16.784s (-57.5% 🟢)	18.494s (-55.2% 🟢)	1.710s	5	1.22x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.577s (-35.4% 🟢)	3.058s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.481s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.654s (-35.3% 🟢)	3.085s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.431s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	3.116s (-66.2% 🟢)	3.705s (-63.0% 🟢)	0.590s	33	1.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.275s (-64.8% 🟢)	4.010s (-60.0% 🟢)	0.734s	30	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.832s	4.010s	0.178s	30	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.301s	5.010s	0.709s	24	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.551s (-77.3% 🟢)	32.398s (-75.5% 🟢)	2.847s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.567s (-67.4% 🟢)	33.274s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.707s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.207s (-26.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.799s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (-23.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.263s	1.007s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.433s (-22.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.571s	60	2.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.021s (~)	0.559s	59	2.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s	1.039s	0.459s	58	2.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.571s (+31.5% 🔺)	4.247s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.676s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (+56.1% 🔺)	4.129s (+23.2% 🔺)	1.536s	15	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.341s (-31.4% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.666s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.359s (-29.6% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.659s	89	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.478s	1.006s	0.528s	90	1.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-20.2% 🟢)	2.536s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.530s	36	5.89x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.121s (-16.4% 🟢)	2.655s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.534s	34	6.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.284s	2.977s	0.693s	31	6.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.601s (+42.6% 🔺)	6.275s (+30.1% 🔺)	1.674s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.138s (+68.6% 🔺)	7.056s (+46.8% 🔺)	1.918s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.642s (-18.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.364s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.647s (-21.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.359s	120	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.958s	1.466s	0.508s	83	1.49x
💻 Local	Express	9.101s (-18.7% 🟢)	9.561s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.460s	13	14.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.763s (-12.8% 🟢)	10.361s (-11.2% 🟢)	0.598s	12	15.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.531s	11.302s	0.771s	11	16.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	14.507s (+95.5% 🔺)	16.514s (+78.6% 🔺)	2.008s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	15.750s (+103.9% 🔺)	17.409s (+85.2% 🔺)	1.659s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.153s (+479.2% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-19.0% 🟢)	2.017s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.864s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.003s (+100.6% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.164s (+444.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+0.8%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.166s (+468.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.844s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.204s	2.003s	0.010s	2.018s	0.814s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.228s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.783s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.292s (-40.2% 🟢)	3.373s (-36.1% 🟢)	1.464s (+97.3% 🔺)	5.300s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.008s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.399s (-4.3%)	3.560s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.509s (+57.1% 🔺)	5.604s (~)	3.205s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.568s (+148.8% 🔺)	2.002s (+99.0% 🔺)	0.004s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.025s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.457s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.574s (+107.9% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.583s (+88.7% 🔺)	2.009s (+98.5% 🔺)	0.011s (+17.4% 🔺)	2.021s (+81.1% 🔺)	0.439s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.585s (+153.9% 🔺)	2.002s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.004s (-3.3%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.441s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.717s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.304s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.753s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.273s	30	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.267s (-3.6%)	7.727s (-3.5%)	0.597s (+46.1% 🔺)	8.867s (~)	2.601s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.523s (-77.8% 🟢)	7.825s (-74.6% 🟢)	0.228s (+103.6% 🔺)	8.466s (-73.4% 🟢)	1.943s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.710s (-26.7% 🟢)	1.015s (-18.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.032s (-18.0% 🟢)	0.322s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.714s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.028s (-19.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.048s (-19.7% 🟢)	0.335s	58	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.816s	1.071s	0.000s	1.079s	0.263s	56	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.361s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.655s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.366s (+11.7% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.650s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.690s	2.013s	0.000s	2.196s	0.505s	28	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.744s (+22.7% 🔺)	4.766s (+8.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.154s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.410s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.545s (+21.5% 🔺)	5.740s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.250s (+13.0% 🔺)	1.706s	10	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.265s (-29.4% 🟢)	2.033s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.050s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.786s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.315s (-25.8% 🟢)	1.996s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.729s	30	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.703s	2.299s	0.000s	2.307s	0.605s	27	1.35x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.052s (-9.9% 🟢)	3.840s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+75.8% 🔺)	3.842s (-4.8%)	0.790s	16	2.41x
💻 Local	Express	3.072s (-11.4% 🟢)	3.901s (-3.3%)	0.001s (+9.4% 🔺)	3.903s (-3.3%)	0.831s	16	2.43x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.172s	3.731s	0.001s	3.735s	0.563s	17	2.51x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.571s (+36.1% 🔺)	6.817s (+26.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+63.0% 🔺)	7.240s (+25.0% 🔺)	1.670s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.994s (+30.7% 🔺)	7.645s (+26.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.265s (+28.0% 🔺)	2.271s	8	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Express	16/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	17/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🪟 Windows	135	0	0	135
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7183	0	1052	8235

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	135	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Re-reviewed after the latest commits (Update trace-viewer.tsx, Update use-trace-viewer.test.ts).

Looks good to merge:

• Pagination is correctly wired through run-detail-view → NewTraceViewer
• Footer spinner now only shows while isLoadingMore
• Auto-backfill cap + scroll-load via IntersectionObserver are solid
• New pagination tests pass (8/8 locally)

Remaining follow-up is out of scope here: vercel/front parity for the new trace viewer flag path (front#72039).

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for f0f002a (AI decision).

This commit fixes pagination for the new trace viewer (packages/web-shared/src/components/new-trace-viewer/ and packages/web-shared/src/components/trace-viewer-new.tsx), which does not exist on stable — verified via git ls-tree origin/stable. The accompanying change to use-trace-viewer.ts introduces a new auto-load-with-cap behavior (and tests for it) that doesn't exist on stable (stable's hook has no auto-load useEffect), so it isn't fixing a bug present there. The change builds on main-only behavior.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

f0f002ae05e6b4a66eb72e1b1c48fda1bcd0f412

[mitul-s]

What

The new trace viewer was getting stuck on the first page for large runs. This re-wires pagination:

• Auto-load up to a cap, then scroll-load.use-trace-viewer.ts backfills history pages until AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS (500), then stops; further loading is driven by scrolling.
• IntersectionObserver scroll-loading. New useLoadMoreOnScroll + useIntersectionObserver hooks (ported from vercel/front's @vercel/hooks, with root threaded as a ref so the observer roots on the viewer's internal scroll container). A sentinel near the bottom of the span list triggers the next page — no per-scroll layout reads.
• NewTraceViewer gains onLoadMore / hasMore / isLoadingMore props and renders a centered "Loading spans…" footer (Geist spinner) while fetching.
• SplitPane exposes its scroll container via scrollContainerRef so the observer can root on it.

Notes

• AUTO_LOAD_MAX_EVENTS is also set in vercel/front's use-workflow-trace-data.ts (the trace viewer's other consumer) — keep them in sync. See vercel/front#72039.
• The cap governs only hands-free backfill; scroll + live-poll still load beyond it by design.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 49f0c86

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 16 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 1, 2026 5:22pm

[karthikscale3]

Review notes 1–6 (inline). Overall this fixes the missing pagination wiring; minor follow-ups above.

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.041s (-4.4%)	1.006s (~)	0.965s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.043s (-3.8%)	1.005s (~)	0.962s	10	1.03x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.061s	1.005s	0.944s	10	1.48x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.062s (-35.2% 🟢)	1.013s (-2.8%)	0.952s	10	1.50x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.067s (+14.7% 🔺)	1.012s (~)	0.945s	10	1.61x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.069s	1.013s	0.944s	10	1.68x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	0.277s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.111s (-15.9% 🟢)	1.834s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	0.316s (+34.0% 🔺)	2.418s (+13.2% 🔺)	2.102s	10	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.093s (-2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.913s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.101s (-2.7%)	2.006s (~)	0.905s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.102s (-3.9%)	2.009s (~)	0.907s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.105s (-3.0%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.138s	2.006s	0.868s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.147s	2.009s	0.863s	10	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	1.672s (-10.8% 🟢)	3.778s (-0.8%)	2.105s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	1.744s (-55.2% 🟢)	3.467s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.723s	10	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	10.523s (-3.2%)	11.019s (~)	0.496s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	10.529s (-3.8%)	11.021s (~)	0.492s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.546s (-3.8%)	11.020s (~)	0.474s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.559s (-3.3%)	11.021s (~)	0.462s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.776s	11.020s	0.244s	3	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.826s	11.018s	0.191s	3	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.703s (-19.3% 🟢)	15.514s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.812s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	14.294s (-39.8% 🟢)	15.860s (-36.9% 🟢)	1.565s	2	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.734s (-8.3% 🟢)	14.025s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.292s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.745s (-5.8% 🟢)	14.020s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.274s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.756s (-8.7% 🟢)	14.027s (-12.5% 🟢)	0.271s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.893s (-4.7%)	14.220s (-5.3% 🟢)	0.327s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.290s	15.029s	0.739s	4	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.456s	15.018s	0.562s	4	1.05x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	23.240s (-53.8% 🟢)	25.296s (-51.9% 🟢)	2.056s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	23.351s (-63.8% 🟢)	25.318s (-62.0% 🟢)	1.966s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	12.370s (-11.7% 🟢)	13.016s (-10.8% 🟢)	0.646s	7	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.464s (-10.8% 🟢)	13.018s (-9.0% 🟢)	0.554s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	12.480s (-25.6% 🟢)	13.024s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.544s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	12.500s (-24.7% 🟢)	13.025s (-23.5% 🟢)	0.525s	7	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.513s	14.028s	0.515s	7	1.09x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	14.052s	14.449s	0.396s	7	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	32.042s (-92.4% 🟢)	33.957s (-92.0% 🟢)	1.916s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	33.574s (-72.3% 🟢)	36.447s (-70.5% 🟢)	2.873s	3	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.177s (-7.7% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.831s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.179s (-20.8% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.828s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.179s (-6.5% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.829s	15	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.188s (-27.2% 🟢)	2.006s (-3.3%)	0.818s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.253s	2.008s	0.755s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.357s	2.006s	0.648s	15	1.15x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.639s (-6.4% 🟢)	4.240s (-1.9%)	1.601s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.983s (+4.3%)	4.828s (+4.4%)	1.844s	7	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.239s (-47.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.769s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.253s (-46.9% 🟢)	2.007s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.754s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.423s	2.007s	0.584s	15	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.627s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.006s (-41.9% 🟢)	0.379s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.765s (-43.9% 🟢)	2.073s (-46.6% 🟢)	0.308s	15	1.42x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.886s	2.391s	0.506s	13	1.52x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.571s (-1.3%)	5.011s (-2.0%)	1.439s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.674s (-9.3% 🟢)	5.149s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.475s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.383s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.007s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.624s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.724s	2.316s	0.592s	13	1.25x
💻 Local	Express	4.388s (-47.4% 🟢)	4.868s (-46.1% 🟢)	0.480s	7	3.17x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.896s	5.297s	0.401s	7	3.54x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.436s (-34.9% 🟢)	5.845s (-35.2% 🟢)	0.409s	6	3.93x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.577s (+58.2% 🔺)	7.509s (+35.7% 🔺)	1.932s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.337s (+49.4% 🔺)	8.535s (+39.3% 🔺)	2.199s	4	1.14x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.172s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.837s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.184s (-5.8% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.824s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.241s	2.008s	0.767s	15	1.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.368s	2.006s	0.638s	15	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.541s (-17.4% 🟢)	2.006s (-14.3% 🟢)	0.465s	15	1.31x
💻 Local	Express	1.566s (-17.3% 🟢)	2.006s (-15.1% 🟢)	0.440s	15	1.34x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.817s (+9.1% 🔺)	4.521s (+3.9%)	1.704s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.821s (+14.7% 🔺)	4.519s (+8.4% 🔺)	1.698s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.250s (-46.5% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.757s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.297s (-44.6% 🟢)	2.008s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.712s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.389s	2.009s	0.619s	15	1.11x
💻 Local	Express	1.725s (-44.9% 🟢)	2.072s (-44.9% 🟢)	0.347s	15	1.38x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.071s (-32.4% 🟢)	2.591s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.519s	12	1.66x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.083s	2.735s	0.652s	11	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.321s (+4.0%)	5.207s (+8.6% 🔺)	1.886s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.531s (+9.2% 🔺)	5.157s (+1.6%)	1.626s	6	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.388s (-60.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.620s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.391s (-60.0% 🟢)	2.009s (-49.9% 🟢)	0.618s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.771s	2.317s	0.546s	13	1.28x
💻 Local	Express	4.595s (-47.8% 🟢)	5.011s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.416s	6	3.31x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.255s	5.513s	0.258s	6	3.79x
💻 Local	Nitro	6.433s (-29.7% 🟢)	7.015s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.582s	5	4.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.399s (-15.9% 🟢)	7.246s (-11.4% 🟢)	1.847s	5	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.645s (+30.5% 🔺)	8.837s (+29.6% 🔺)	2.193s	4	1.23x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.558s (-32.0% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.448s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.566s (-32.6% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.6%)	0.441s	60	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.591s (-39.9% 🟢)	1.021s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.431s	59	1.06x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.601s (-38.7% 🟢)	1.005s (-8.2% 🟢)	0.404s	60	1.08x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.830s	1.024s	0.194s	59	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.859s	1.021s	0.163s	59	1.54x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	5.370s (-71.8% 🟢)	7.214s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.844s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.041s (-72.6% 🟢)	7.729s (-67.8% 🟢)	1.688s	8	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.323s (-33.0% 🟢)	2.030s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.707s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.390s (-27.9% 🟢)	2.030s (-3.3%)	0.640s	45	1.05x
💻 Local	Express	1.480s (-50.9% 🟢)	2.005s (-44.1% 🟢)	0.526s	45	1.12x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.524s (-49.8% 🟢)	2.028s (-46.0% 🟢)	0.504s	45	1.15x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.986s	2.343s	0.357s	39	1.50x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.080s	2.943s	0.863s	31	1.57x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	13.722s (-60.3% 🟢)	16.049s (-56.4% 🟢)	2.327s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	16.784s (-57.5% 🟢)	18.494s (-55.2% 🟢)	1.710s	5	1.22x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	2.577s (-35.4% 🟢)	3.058s (-30.0% 🟢)	0.481s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.654s (-35.3% 🟢)	3.085s (-33.0% 🟢)	0.431s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Express	3.116s (-66.2% 🟢)	3.705s (-63.0% 🟢)	0.590s	33	1.21x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.275s (-64.8% 🟢)	4.010s (-60.0% 🟢)	0.734s	30	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.832s	4.010s	0.178s	30	1.49x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.301s	5.010s	0.709s	24	1.67x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	29.551s (-77.3% 🟢)	32.398s (-75.5% 🟢)	2.847s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	31.567s (-67.4% 🟢)	33.274s (-66.2% 🟢)	1.707s	4	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	0.207s (-26.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.799s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.216s (-23.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.790s	60	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.263s	1.007s	0.745s	60	1.27x
💻 Local	Express	0.433s (-22.7% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.571s	60	2.10x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.462s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.021s (~)	0.559s	59	2.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.580s	1.039s	0.459s	58	2.81x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.571s (+31.5% 🔺)	4.247s (+16.8% 🔺)	1.676s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (+56.1% 🔺)	4.129s (+23.2% 🔺)	1.536s	15	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.341s (-31.4% 🟢)	1.007s (~)	0.666s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.359s (-29.6% 🟢)	1.018s (+1.2%)	0.659s	89	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.478s	1.006s	0.528s	90	1.40x
💻 Local	Express	2.006s (-20.2% 🟢)	2.536s (-15.7% 🟢)	0.530s	36	5.89x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.121s (-16.4% 🟢)	2.655s (-11.8% 🟢)	0.534s	34	6.23x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.284s	2.977s	0.693s	31	6.71x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	4.601s (+42.6% 🔺)	6.275s (+30.1% 🔺)	1.674s	15	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.138s (+68.6% 🔺)	7.056s (+46.8% 🔺)	1.918s	13	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.642s (-18.7% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.364s	120	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.647s (-21.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.1%)	0.359s	120	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.958s	1.466s	0.508s	83	1.49x
💻 Local	Express	9.101s (-18.7% 🟢)	9.561s (-19.9% 🟢)	0.460s	13	14.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.763s (-12.8% 🟢)	10.361s (-11.2% 🟢)	0.598s	12	15.20x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.531s	11.302s	0.771s	11	16.40x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	14.507s (+95.5% 🔺)	16.514s (+78.6% 🔺)	2.008s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	15.750s (+103.9% 🔺)	17.409s (+85.2% 🔺)	1.659s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	1.153s (+479.2% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.010s (-19.0% 🟢)	2.017s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.864s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.157s (+464.1% 🔺)	2.003s (+100.6% 🔺)	0.001s (-31.3% 🟢)	2.011s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.854s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.164s (+444.5% 🔺)	2.005s (+99.6% 🔺)	0.013s (+0.8%)	2.019s (+98.2% 🔺)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.166s (+468.8% 🔺)	1.999s (+100.0% 🔺)	0.001s (-33.3% 🟢)	2.010s (+98.8% 🔺)	0.844s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.204s	2.003s	0.010s	2.018s	0.814s	10	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.228s	2.002s	0.001s	2.011s	0.783s	10	1.06x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.292s (-40.2% 🟢)	3.373s (-36.1% 🟢)	1.464s (+97.3% 🔺)	5.300s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.008s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.399s (-4.3%)	3.560s (-13.0% 🟢)	1.509s (+57.1% 🔺)	5.604s (~)	3.205s	10	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.568s (+148.8% 🔺)	2.002s (+99.0% 🔺)	0.004s (+7.0% 🔺)	2.025s (+98.0% 🔺)	0.457s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.574s (+107.9% 🔺)	2.010s (+95.4% 🔺)	0.010s (+6.9% 🔺)	2.022s (+94.5% 🔺)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.583s (+88.7% 🔺)	2.009s (+98.5% 🔺)	0.011s (+17.4% 🔺)	2.021s (+81.1% 🔺)	0.439s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.585s (+153.9% 🔺)	2.002s (+98.9% 🔺)	0.004s (-3.3%)	2.026s (+98.1% 🔺)	0.441s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.717s	2.008s	0.010s	2.021s	0.304s	30	1.10x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.753s	2.010s	0.004s	2.026s	0.273s	30	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	6.267s (-3.6%)	7.727s (-3.5%)	0.597s (+46.1% 🔺)	8.867s (~)	2.601s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.523s (-77.8% 🟢)	7.825s (-74.6% 🟢)	0.228s (+103.6% 🔺)	8.466s (-73.4% 🟢)	1.943s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.710s (-26.7% 🟢)	1.015s (-18.6% 🟢)	0.000s (+62.7% 🔺)	1.032s (-18.0% 🟢)	0.322s	59	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.714s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.028s (-19.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-20.7% 🟢)	1.048s (-19.7% 🟢)	0.335s	58	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.816s	1.071s	0.000s	1.079s	0.263s	56	1.15x
💻 Local	Express	1.361s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.655s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.366s (+11.7% 🔺)	2.014s (~)	0.000s (+66.7% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.650s	30	1.92x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.690s	2.013s	0.000s	2.196s	0.505s	28	2.38x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	3.744s (+22.7% 🔺)	4.766s (+8.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	5.154s (+7.2% 🔺)	1.410s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.545s (+21.5% 🔺)	5.740s (+12.5% 🔺)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	6.250s (+13.0% 🔺)	1.706s	10	1.21x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.265s (-29.4% 🟢)	2.033s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-6.7% 🟢)	2.050s (-5.7% 🟢)	0.786s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.315s (-25.8% 🟢)	1.996s (-8.3% 🟢)	0.000s (NaN%)	2.044s (-7.0% 🟢)	0.729s	30	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.703s	2.299s	0.000s	2.307s	0.605s	27	1.35x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.052s (-9.9% 🟢)	3.840s (-4.8%)	0.001s (+75.8% 🔺)	3.842s (-4.8%)	0.790s	16	2.41x
💻 Local	Express	3.072s (-11.4% 🟢)	3.901s (-3.3%)	0.001s (+9.4% 🔺)	3.903s (-3.3%)	0.831s	16	2.43x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.172s	3.731s	0.001s	3.735s	0.563s	17	2.51x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.571s (+36.1% 🔺)	6.817s (+26.8% 🔺)	0.000s (+63.0% 🔺)	7.240s (+25.0% 🔺)	1.670s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	5.994s (+30.7% 🔺)	7.645s (+26.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.265s (+28.0% 🔺)	2.271s	8	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	⚠️missing	-	-	-	-	-

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Express	16/21
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12/21
▲ Vercel	Express	13/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	16/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	14/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	17/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

---

❌ Some benchmark jobs failed:

• Local: success
• Postgres: success
• Vercel: failure

Check the workflow run for details.

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1266	0	219	1485
✅ 💻 Local Development	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 📦 Local Production	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1671	0	219	1890
✅ 🪟 Windows	135	0	0	135
✅ 📋 Other	769	0	176	945
Total	7183	0	1052	8235

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	109	0	26
✅ example	109	0	26
✅ express	109	0	26
✅ fastify	109	0	26
✅ hono	109	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack	133	0	2
✅ nextjs-webpack	133	0	2
✅ nitro	109	0	26
✅ nuxt	109	0	26
✅ sveltekit	128	0	7
✅ vite	109	0	26

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	110	0	25
✅ express-stable	110	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	110	0	25
✅ hono-stable	110	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	116	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	135	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	135	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	110	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	110	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	129	0	6
✅ vite-stable	110	0	25

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	135	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	110	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	110	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	109	0	26

---

📋 View full workflow run

[karthikscale3]

Re-reviewed after the latest commits (Update trace-viewer.tsx, Update use-trace-viewer.test.ts).

Looks good to merge:

• Pagination is correctly wired through run-detail-view → NewTraceViewer
• Footer spinner now only shows while isLoadingMore
• Auto-backfill cap + scroll-load via IntersectionObserver are solid
• New pagination tests pass (8/8 locally)

Remaining follow-up is out of scope here: vercel/front parity for the new trace viewer flag path (front#72039).

[github-actions]

No backport to stable for f0f002a (AI decision).

This commit fixes pagination for the new trace viewer (packages/web-shared/src/components/new-trace-viewer/ and packages/web-shared/src/components/trace-viewer-new.tsx), which does not exist on stable — verified via git ls-tree origin/stable. The accompanying change to use-trace-viewer.ts introduces a new auto-load-with-cap behavior (and tests for it) that doesn't exist on stable (stable's hook has no auto-load useEffect), so it isn't fixing a bug present there. The change builds on main-only behavior.

To override, re-run the Backport to stable workflow manually via workflow_dispatch and paste this commit SHA into the ref input:

f0f002ae05e6b4a66eb72e1b1c48fda1bcd0f412