Bump undici to 7.28.0

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• Bump the workspace catalog for undici to 7.28.0.
• Refresh the lockfile entries for @workflow/world-local and @workflow/world-vercel.
• Add a patch changeset for the published world packages.

Verification

• pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local... --filter @workflow/world-vercel... build
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local typecheck
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-vercel typecheck
• Filtered pnpm audit confirms the direct Workflow undici findings are cleared; one unrelated workbench/tanstack-start transitive undici@7.22.0 finding remains.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: eebd39d

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 19 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

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Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-2.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.966s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-4.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.965s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s (-21.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.955s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.056s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.956s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.062s (-14.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.950s	10	1.56x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.065s (+3.3%)	1.013s (~)	0.948s	10	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.275s (-27.1% 🟢)	2.233s (-2.7%)	1.958s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.279s (-4.3%)	1.965s (+3.9%)	1.686s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.342s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.227s (-0.9%)	1.885s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.086s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.092s (-0.9%)	2.007s (~)	0.915s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (-3.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.911s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s (-3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.104s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.906s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.107s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.563s (-32.5% 🟢)	3.412s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.849s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s (-5.0%)	3.485s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.808s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.943s (~)	4.170s (+13.4% 🔺)	2.227s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.480s (-0.6%)	11.021s (~)	0.541s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.510s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.512s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.520s (~)	11.020s (~)	0.500s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.529s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.486s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.537s (-2.5%)	11.024s (~)	0.486s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.588s (-2.5%)	11.017s (~)	0.429s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.382s (-29.5% 🟢)	15.220s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.838s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.402s (-6.4% 🟢)	14.481s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.078s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.519s (-25.2% 🟢)	15.360s (-23.1% 🟢)	1.841s	2	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.657s (-0.8%)	14.026s (~)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.680s (~)	14.027s (~)	0.347s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.735s (-0.8%)	14.019s (~)	0.284s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.759s (-0.7%)	14.018s (~)	0.259s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.777s (-4.5%)	14.020s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.243s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.840s (-3.7%)	14.028s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.189s	5	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	21.292s (-39.9% 🟢)	23.016s (-37.5% 🟢)	1.725s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.355s (-11.8% 🟢)	30.278s (+15.6% 🔺)	8.922s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.518s (-30.9% 🟢)	23.252s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.734s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.200s (+1.1%)	13.025s (+1.0%)	0.825s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.279s (-2.1%)	13.025s (~)	0.746s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.348s (-1.4%)	13.018s (~)	0.671s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.421s (~)	13.019s (~)	0.598s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.439s (-10.3% 🟢)	13.016s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.577s	7	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.444s (-8.9% 🟢)	13.026s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.582s	7	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.734s (-28.8% 🟢)	29.448s (-28.1% 🟢)	1.714s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.861s (-20.6% 🟢)	30.035s (-18.6% 🟢)	2.173s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	39.276s (+11.6% 🔺)	41.180s (+11.5% 🔺)	1.904s	3	1.42x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.160s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.848s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-1.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.202s (+2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.804s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.207s (-0.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.801s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.213s (+4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.792s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.251s (-3.5%)	2.007s (~)	0.756s	15	1.08x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.369s (+6.8% 🔺)	3.987s (+2.6%)	1.619s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.949s (-10.5% 🟢)	1.355s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.498s (+68.6% 🔺)	6.090s (+48.6% 🔺)	1.593s	5	1.90x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.262s (-23.0% 🟢)	2.151s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.889s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.307s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.701s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.331s (-2.5%)	2.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.677s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.026s (+30.5% 🔺)	2.314s (+15.1% 🔺)	0.288s	13	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.735s (+19.3% 🔺)	0.487s	11	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	2.385s (+46.6% 🔺)	2.828s (+41.0% 🔺)	0.443s	11	1.89x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.866s (-29.2% 🟢)	4.414s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.548s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.939s (-25.8% 🟢)	5.023s (-11.4% 🟢)	2.084s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.227s (+38.7% 🔺)	7.724s (+19.2% 🔺)	1.496s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-54.2% 🟢)	4.010s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.562s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.468s (-16.7% 🟢)	3.568s (-8.2% 🟢)	2.100s	9	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.470s (-7.8% 🟢)	3.114s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.644s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.706s (+37.5% 🔺)	5.011s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.305s	6	3.25x
💻 Local	Express	5.448s (+24.6% 🔺)	6.018s (+23.6% 🔺)	0.570s	5	3.76x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.393s (+10.7% 🔺)	7.014s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.622s	5	4.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.922s (-30.3% 🟢)	5.737s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.815s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.137s (-32.5% 🟢)	5.456s (-34.5% 🟢)	1.319s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.384s (-20.3% 🟢)	6.216s (-21.6% 🟢)	1.832s	5	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.175s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (-2.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.189s (-1.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.819s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.220s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.785s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.231s (-21.9% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.775s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.315s (-6.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.691s	15	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.317s (-37.7% 🟢)	3.595s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.278s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.407s (+3.6%)	3.938s (+3.5%)	1.531s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.695s (-24.4% 🟢)	4.040s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.345s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.260s (-18.4% 🟢)	2.008s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.748s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.276s (-11.5% 🟢)	2.009s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.732s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.291s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.716s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.967s (+16.1% 🔺)	2.392s (+19.1% 🔺)	0.425s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Express	1.971s (+3.8%)	2.391s (+11.3% 🔺)	0.421s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+3.7%)	2.826s (-6.1% 🟢)	0.578s	11	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.893s (+3.3%)	4.633s (+10.8% 🔺)	1.740s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.241s (-27.4% 🟢)	4.773s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.532s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.838s (+40.8% 🔺)	5.754s (+25.9% 🔺)	1.915s	6	1.33x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.442s (-20.1% 🟢)	3.343s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.901s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.464s (-18.6% 🟢)	3.761s (-6.2% 🟢)	2.297s	8	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.607s (-60.5% 🟢)	4.439s (~)	2.832s	7	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.508s (+22.6% 🔺)	6.015s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.507s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.585s (+21.7% 🔺)	6.012s (+19.9% 🔺)	0.427s	5	3.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.765s (+16.5% 🔺)	7.523s (+17.3% 🔺)	0.758s	4	4.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.091s (+8.2% 🔺)	5.619s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.528s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.321s (-48.7% 🟢)	6.513s (-36.4% 🟢)	2.191s	5	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.832s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.381s (-59.3% 🟢)	1.549s	5	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.543s (-35.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.463s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.547s (-4.2%)	1.006s (~)	0.459s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.547s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.023s (-1.7%)	0.476s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.552s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.452s	60	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.570s (+13.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.435s	60	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.602s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.403s	60	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.553s (-21.9% 🟢)	5.473s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.920s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.609s (-42.8% 🟢)	4.941s (-39.3% 🟢)	1.332s	13	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.902s (-41.0% 🟢)	5.252s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.350s	12	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.274s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.008s (-1.0%)	0.734s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s (-34.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-3.3%)	0.728s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.297s (-6.6% 🟢)	2.030s (~)	0.733s	45	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.384s (+16.6% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.622s	45	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	1.409s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.597s	45	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-31.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.559s	45	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	9.669s (-28.9% 🟢)	11.386s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.716s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.973s (-7.1% 🟢)	12.519s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.546s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.662s (-16.2% 🟢)	16.746s (-12.6% 🟢)	2.084s	9	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.513s (-35.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-26.2% 🟢)	0.496s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.566s (-8.3% 🟢)	3.086s (-2.5%)	0.520s	39	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.595s (-4.3%)	3.085s (-0.8%)	0.490s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.056s (+11.9% 🔺)	3.646s (+13.1% 🔺)	0.589s	33	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.065s (-4.2%)	3.626s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.561s	34	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.164s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.945s (-21.3% 🟢)	0.781s	31	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	19.603s (-24.8% 🟢)	21.815s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.212s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	19.824s (-20.7% 🟢)	21.318s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.494s	6	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	20.561s (-21.8% 🟢)	22.348s (-20.5% 🟢)	1.787s	6	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.173s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.834s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.219s (-6.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.787s	60	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.222s (-4.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.784s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.323s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.681s	60	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	0.355s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.649s	60	2.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.601s (+3.3%)	1.005s (~)	0.403s	60	3.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.529s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.017s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.488s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.654s (+135.7% 🔺)	6.242s (+117.6% 🔺)	2.589s	10	2.39x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.727s (+188.8% 🔺)	5.526s (+92.3% 🔺)	1.799s	11	2.44x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.271s (-49.7% 🟢)	1.006s (-10.0% 🟢)	0.735s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.323s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.694s	89	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.362s (+1.7%)	1.007s (-3.2%)	0.645s	90	1.33x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.897s (+24.5% 🔺)	2.376s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.479s	38	7.00x
💻 Local	Express	2.027s (-3.0%)	2.509s (-5.5% 🟢)	0.482s	36	7.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.647s (+13.5% 🔺)	3.007s (-2.2%)	0.361s	30	9.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.512s (-17.5% 🟢)	3.878s (-19.1% 🟢)	1.366s	24	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.671s (-8.7% 🟢)	4.684s (-2.4%)	2.013s	20	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.081s (+48.6% 🔺)	5.855s (+22.5% 🔺)	1.775s	16	1.62x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.459s (-82.5% 🟢)	3.009s (-13.3% 🟢)	2.550s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.515s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.050s (-14.8% 🟢)	0.535s	115	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.559s (-1.7%)	1.129s (-7.2% 🟢)	0.569s	107	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.336s (+47.9% 🔺)	10.027s (+48.7% 🔺)	0.691s	12	20.33x
💻 Local	Express	10.229s (+23.1% 🔺)	10.948s (+23.3% 🔺)	0.719s	12	22.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.580s (-1.7%)	11.482s (-0.8%)	0.902s	11	23.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.835s (-46.3% 🟢)	4.348s (-38.0% 🟢)	1.513s	28	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.862s (-47.6% 🟢)	4.735s (-33.2% 🟢)	1.873s	26	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.323s (-10.7% 🟢)	5.875s (-10.1% 🟢)	1.551s	21	1.53x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.152s (-4.8%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-3.2%)	2.020s (~)	0.868s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.161s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.002s (~)	0.001s (-23.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.850s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+3.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.010s (-63.3% 🟢)	2.017s (-1.0%)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.162s (-1.4%)	1.996s (~)	0.001s (+18.2% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.848s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (~)	1.997s (~)	0.001s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.846s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.166s (+1.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+15.8% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.854s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.394s (~)	3.664s (~)	2.817s (+280.1% 🔺)	7.003s (+43.7% 🔺)	4.609s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.580s (-2.2%)	3.676s (-3.4%)	3.222s (+306.2% 🔺)	7.324s (+44.9% 🔺)	4.743s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.222s (+67.4% 🔺)	6.757s (+76.9% 🔺)	6.790s (+741.0% 🔺)	14.028s (+175.9% 🔺)	9.806s	10	1.76x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.578s (~)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (-0.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.582s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.012s (-32.6% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.443s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.586s (+1.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.013s (-1.6%)	2.025s (~)	0.439s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.587s (-11.1% 🟢)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (-3.2%)	2.025s (~)	0.438s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.602s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.011s (-10.0% 🟢)	2.024s (~)	0.422s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.629s (+2.8%)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.397s	30	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	6.362s (-25.1% 🟢)	7.874s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.295s (+11.9% 🔺)	8.645s (-18.2% 🟢)	2.283s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.926s (-3.3%)	8.021s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.317s (+33.5% 🔺)	8.767s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.841s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	7.068s (+10.7% 🔺)	8.644s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.226s (+26.4% 🔺)	9.378s (+10.9% 🔺)	2.311s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.756s (-2.2%)	1.031s (-1.7%)	0.000s (+184.5% 🔺)	1.047s (-4.2%)	0.291s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.779s (+1.9%)	1.106s (+7.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+31.9% 🔺)	1.119s (+6.0% 🔺)	0.340s	54	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.808s (-20.8% 🟢)	1.091s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-62.7% 🟢)	1.098s (-25.4% 🟢)	0.290s	55	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.348s (+25.4% 🔺)	2.013s (+9.6% 🔺)	0.000s (-72.5% 🟢)	2.016s (+9.5% 🔺)	0.668s	30	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	1.358s (~)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (-16.7% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.657s	30	1.80x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.453s (-3.9%)	2.012s (~)	0.000s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.563s	30	1.92x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.520s (+2.1%)	4.578s (-4.0%)	0.000s (~)	5.014s (-4.7%)	1.494s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.624s (+19.6% 🔺)	5.141s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	5.677s (+12.7% 🔺)	2.053s	11	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.734s (-0.6%)	4.680s (-13.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-8.3% 🟢)	5.087s (-13.2% 🟢)	1.353s	12	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.567s (-2.9%)	2.173s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.197s (+5.2% 🔺)	0.629s	28	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.653s (+6.6% 🔺)	2.218s (+3.9%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.249s (+4.8%)	0.596s	27	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.827s (-13.5% 🟢)	2.442s (-5.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.463s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.636s	25	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.550s (+60.9% 🔺)	4.158s (+51.6% 🔺)	0.001s (+25.7% 🔺)	4.169s (+51.4% 🔺)	0.619s	15	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	3.817s (+30.3% 🔺)	4.309s (+17.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+191.4% 🔺)	4.323s (+17.7% 🔺)	0.506s	14	2.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.847s (+32.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+27.8% 🔺)	0.001s (+33.3% 🔺)	4.303s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.455s	15	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.313s (+1.2%)	6.448s (~)	0.000s (NaN%)	6.890s (~)	1.577s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.633s (-22.3% 🟢)	7.188s (-14.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.585s (-14.3% 🟢)	1.952s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.160s (+8.2% 🔺)	7.903s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.458s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.298s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	18/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13/21
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	9/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 📦 Local Production	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1895	0	233	2128
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	8192	0	1080	9272

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[socket-security]

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/​undici@​7.28.0

View full report

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2535. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• Bump the workspace catalog for undici to 7.28.0.
• Refresh the lockfile entries for @workflow/world-local and @workflow/world-vercel.
• Add a patch changeset for the published world packages.

Verification

• pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local... --filter @workflow/world-vercel... build
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local typecheck
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-vercel typecheck
• Filtered pnpm audit confirms the direct Workflow undici findings are cleared; one unrelated workbench/tanstack-start transitive undici@7.22.0 finding remains.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: eebd39d

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 19 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-2.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.966s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-4.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.965s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s (-21.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.955s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.056s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.956s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.062s (-14.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.950s	10	1.56x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.065s (+3.3%)	1.013s (~)	0.948s	10	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.275s (-27.1% 🟢)	2.233s (-2.7%)	1.958s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.279s (-4.3%)	1.965s (+3.9%)	1.686s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.342s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.227s (-0.9%)	1.885s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.086s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.092s (-0.9%)	2.007s (~)	0.915s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (-3.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.911s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s (-3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.104s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.906s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.107s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.563s (-32.5% 🟢)	3.412s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.849s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s (-5.0%)	3.485s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.808s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.943s (~)	4.170s (+13.4% 🔺)	2.227s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.480s (-0.6%)	11.021s (~)	0.541s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.510s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.512s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.520s (~)	11.020s (~)	0.500s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.529s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.486s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.537s (-2.5%)	11.024s (~)	0.486s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.588s (-2.5%)	11.017s (~)	0.429s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.382s (-29.5% 🟢)	15.220s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.838s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.402s (-6.4% 🟢)	14.481s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.078s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.519s (-25.2% 🟢)	15.360s (-23.1% 🟢)	1.841s	2	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.657s (-0.8%)	14.026s (~)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.680s (~)	14.027s (~)	0.347s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.735s (-0.8%)	14.019s (~)	0.284s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.759s (-0.7%)	14.018s (~)	0.259s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.777s (-4.5%)	14.020s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.243s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.840s (-3.7%)	14.028s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.189s	5	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	21.292s (-39.9% 🟢)	23.016s (-37.5% 🟢)	1.725s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.355s (-11.8% 🟢)	30.278s (+15.6% 🔺)	8.922s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.518s (-30.9% 🟢)	23.252s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.734s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.200s (+1.1%)	13.025s (+1.0%)	0.825s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.279s (-2.1%)	13.025s (~)	0.746s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.348s (-1.4%)	13.018s (~)	0.671s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.421s (~)	13.019s (~)	0.598s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.439s (-10.3% 🟢)	13.016s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.577s	7	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.444s (-8.9% 🟢)	13.026s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.582s	7	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.734s (-28.8% 🟢)	29.448s (-28.1% 🟢)	1.714s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.861s (-20.6% 🟢)	30.035s (-18.6% 🟢)	2.173s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	39.276s (+11.6% 🔺)	41.180s (+11.5% 🔺)	1.904s	3	1.42x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.160s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.848s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-1.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.202s (+2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.804s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.207s (-0.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.801s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.213s (+4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.792s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.251s (-3.5%)	2.007s (~)	0.756s	15	1.08x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.369s (+6.8% 🔺)	3.987s (+2.6%)	1.619s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.949s (-10.5% 🟢)	1.355s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.498s (+68.6% 🔺)	6.090s (+48.6% 🔺)	1.593s	5	1.90x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.262s (-23.0% 🟢)	2.151s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.889s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.307s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.701s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.331s (-2.5%)	2.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.677s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.026s (+30.5% 🔺)	2.314s (+15.1% 🔺)	0.288s	13	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.735s (+19.3% 🔺)	0.487s	11	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	2.385s (+46.6% 🔺)	2.828s (+41.0% 🔺)	0.443s	11	1.89x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.866s (-29.2% 🟢)	4.414s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.548s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.939s (-25.8% 🟢)	5.023s (-11.4% 🟢)	2.084s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.227s (+38.7% 🔺)	7.724s (+19.2% 🔺)	1.496s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-54.2% 🟢)	4.010s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.562s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.468s (-16.7% 🟢)	3.568s (-8.2% 🟢)	2.100s	9	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.470s (-7.8% 🟢)	3.114s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.644s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.706s (+37.5% 🔺)	5.011s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.305s	6	3.25x
💻 Local	Express	5.448s (+24.6% 🔺)	6.018s (+23.6% 🔺)	0.570s	5	3.76x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.393s (+10.7% 🔺)	7.014s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.622s	5	4.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.922s (-30.3% 🟢)	5.737s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.815s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.137s (-32.5% 🟢)	5.456s (-34.5% 🟢)	1.319s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.384s (-20.3% 🟢)	6.216s (-21.6% 🟢)	1.832s	5	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.175s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (-2.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.189s (-1.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.819s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.220s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.785s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.231s (-21.9% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.775s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.315s (-6.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.691s	15	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.317s (-37.7% 🟢)	3.595s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.278s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.407s (+3.6%)	3.938s (+3.5%)	1.531s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.695s (-24.4% 🟢)	4.040s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.345s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.260s (-18.4% 🟢)	2.008s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.748s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.276s (-11.5% 🟢)	2.009s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.732s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.291s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.716s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.967s (+16.1% 🔺)	2.392s (+19.1% 🔺)	0.425s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Express	1.971s (+3.8%)	2.391s (+11.3% 🔺)	0.421s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+3.7%)	2.826s (-6.1% 🟢)	0.578s	11	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.893s (+3.3%)	4.633s (+10.8% 🔺)	1.740s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.241s (-27.4% 🟢)	4.773s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.532s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.838s (+40.8% 🔺)	5.754s (+25.9% 🔺)	1.915s	6	1.33x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.442s (-20.1% 🟢)	3.343s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.901s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.464s (-18.6% 🟢)	3.761s (-6.2% 🟢)	2.297s	8	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.607s (-60.5% 🟢)	4.439s (~)	2.832s	7	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.508s (+22.6% 🔺)	6.015s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.507s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.585s (+21.7% 🔺)	6.012s (+19.9% 🔺)	0.427s	5	3.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.765s (+16.5% 🔺)	7.523s (+17.3% 🔺)	0.758s	4	4.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.091s (+8.2% 🔺)	5.619s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.528s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.321s (-48.7% 🟢)	6.513s (-36.4% 🟢)	2.191s	5	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.832s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.381s (-59.3% 🟢)	1.549s	5	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.543s (-35.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.463s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.547s (-4.2%)	1.006s (~)	0.459s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.547s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.023s (-1.7%)	0.476s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.552s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.452s	60	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.570s (+13.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.435s	60	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.602s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.403s	60	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.553s (-21.9% 🟢)	5.473s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.920s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.609s (-42.8% 🟢)	4.941s (-39.3% 🟢)	1.332s	13	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.902s (-41.0% 🟢)	5.252s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.350s	12	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.274s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.008s (-1.0%)	0.734s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s (-34.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-3.3%)	0.728s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.297s (-6.6% 🟢)	2.030s (~)	0.733s	45	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.384s (+16.6% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.622s	45	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	1.409s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.597s	45	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-31.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.559s	45	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	9.669s (-28.9% 🟢)	11.386s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.716s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.973s (-7.1% 🟢)	12.519s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.546s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.662s (-16.2% 🟢)	16.746s (-12.6% 🟢)	2.084s	9	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.513s (-35.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-26.2% 🟢)	0.496s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.566s (-8.3% 🟢)	3.086s (-2.5%)	0.520s	39	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.595s (-4.3%)	3.085s (-0.8%)	0.490s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.056s (+11.9% 🔺)	3.646s (+13.1% 🔺)	0.589s	33	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.065s (-4.2%)	3.626s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.561s	34	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.164s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.945s (-21.3% 🟢)	0.781s	31	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	19.603s (-24.8% 🟢)	21.815s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.212s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	19.824s (-20.7% 🟢)	21.318s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.494s	6	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	20.561s (-21.8% 🟢)	22.348s (-20.5% 🟢)	1.787s	6	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.173s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.834s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.219s (-6.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.787s	60	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.222s (-4.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.784s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.323s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.681s	60	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	0.355s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.649s	60	2.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.601s (+3.3%)	1.005s (~)	0.403s	60	3.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.529s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.017s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.488s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.654s (+135.7% 🔺)	6.242s (+117.6% 🔺)	2.589s	10	2.39x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.727s (+188.8% 🔺)	5.526s (+92.3% 🔺)	1.799s	11	2.44x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.271s (-49.7% 🟢)	1.006s (-10.0% 🟢)	0.735s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.323s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.694s	89	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.362s (+1.7%)	1.007s (-3.2%)	0.645s	90	1.33x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.897s (+24.5% 🔺)	2.376s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.479s	38	7.00x
💻 Local	Express	2.027s (-3.0%)	2.509s (-5.5% 🟢)	0.482s	36	7.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.647s (+13.5% 🔺)	3.007s (-2.2%)	0.361s	30	9.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.512s (-17.5% 🟢)	3.878s (-19.1% 🟢)	1.366s	24	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.671s (-8.7% 🟢)	4.684s (-2.4%)	2.013s	20	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.081s (+48.6% 🔺)	5.855s (+22.5% 🔺)	1.775s	16	1.62x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.459s (-82.5% 🟢)	3.009s (-13.3% 🟢)	2.550s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.515s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.050s (-14.8% 🟢)	0.535s	115	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.559s (-1.7%)	1.129s (-7.2% 🟢)	0.569s	107	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.336s (+47.9% 🔺)	10.027s (+48.7% 🔺)	0.691s	12	20.33x
💻 Local	Express	10.229s (+23.1% 🔺)	10.948s (+23.3% 🔺)	0.719s	12	22.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.580s (-1.7%)	11.482s (-0.8%)	0.902s	11	23.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.835s (-46.3% 🟢)	4.348s (-38.0% 🟢)	1.513s	28	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.862s (-47.6% 🟢)	4.735s (-33.2% 🟢)	1.873s	26	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.323s (-10.7% 🟢)	5.875s (-10.1% 🟢)	1.551s	21	1.53x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.152s (-4.8%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-3.2%)	2.020s (~)	0.868s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.161s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.002s (~)	0.001s (-23.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.850s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+3.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.010s (-63.3% 🟢)	2.017s (-1.0%)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.162s (-1.4%)	1.996s (~)	0.001s (+18.2% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.848s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (~)	1.997s (~)	0.001s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.846s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.166s (+1.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+15.8% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.854s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.394s (~)	3.664s (~)	2.817s (+280.1% 🔺)	7.003s (+43.7% 🔺)	4.609s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.580s (-2.2%)	3.676s (-3.4%)	3.222s (+306.2% 🔺)	7.324s (+44.9% 🔺)	4.743s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.222s (+67.4% 🔺)	6.757s (+76.9% 🔺)	6.790s (+741.0% 🔺)	14.028s (+175.9% 🔺)	9.806s	10	1.76x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.578s (~)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (-0.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.582s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.012s (-32.6% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.443s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.586s (+1.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.013s (-1.6%)	2.025s (~)	0.439s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.587s (-11.1% 🟢)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (-3.2%)	2.025s (~)	0.438s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.602s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.011s (-10.0% 🟢)	2.024s (~)	0.422s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.629s (+2.8%)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.397s	30	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	6.362s (-25.1% 🟢)	7.874s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.295s (+11.9% 🔺)	8.645s (-18.2% 🟢)	2.283s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.926s (-3.3%)	8.021s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.317s (+33.5% 🔺)	8.767s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.841s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	7.068s (+10.7% 🔺)	8.644s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.226s (+26.4% 🔺)	9.378s (+10.9% 🔺)	2.311s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.756s (-2.2%)	1.031s (-1.7%)	0.000s (+184.5% 🔺)	1.047s (-4.2%)	0.291s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.779s (+1.9%)	1.106s (+7.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+31.9% 🔺)	1.119s (+6.0% 🔺)	0.340s	54	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.808s (-20.8% 🟢)	1.091s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-62.7% 🟢)	1.098s (-25.4% 🟢)	0.290s	55	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.348s (+25.4% 🔺)	2.013s (+9.6% 🔺)	0.000s (-72.5% 🟢)	2.016s (+9.5% 🔺)	0.668s	30	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	1.358s (~)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (-16.7% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.657s	30	1.80x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.453s (-3.9%)	2.012s (~)	0.000s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.563s	30	1.92x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.520s (+2.1%)	4.578s (-4.0%)	0.000s (~)	5.014s (-4.7%)	1.494s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.624s (+19.6% 🔺)	5.141s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	5.677s (+12.7% 🔺)	2.053s	11	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.734s (-0.6%)	4.680s (-13.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-8.3% 🟢)	5.087s (-13.2% 🟢)	1.353s	12	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.567s (-2.9%)	2.173s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.197s (+5.2% 🔺)	0.629s	28	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.653s (+6.6% 🔺)	2.218s (+3.9%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.249s (+4.8%)	0.596s	27	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.827s (-13.5% 🟢)	2.442s (-5.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.463s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.636s	25	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.550s (+60.9% 🔺)	4.158s (+51.6% 🔺)	0.001s (+25.7% 🔺)	4.169s (+51.4% 🔺)	0.619s	15	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	3.817s (+30.3% 🔺)	4.309s (+17.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+191.4% 🔺)	4.323s (+17.7% 🔺)	0.506s	14	2.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.847s (+32.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+27.8% 🔺)	0.001s (+33.3% 🔺)	4.303s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.455s	15	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.313s (+1.2%)	6.448s (~)	0.000s (NaN%)	6.890s (~)	1.577s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.633s (-22.3% 🟢)	7.188s (-14.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.585s (-14.3% 🟢)	1.952s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.160s (+8.2% 🔺)	7.903s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.458s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.298s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	18/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13/21
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	9/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 📦 Local Production	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1895	0	233	2128
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	8192	0	1080	9272

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[socket-security]

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/​undici@​7.28.0

View full report

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2535. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• Bump the workspace catalog for undici to 7.28.0.
• Refresh the lockfile entries for @workflow/world-local and @workflow/world-vercel.
• Add a patch changeset for the published world packages.

Verification

• pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local... --filter @workflow/world-vercel... build
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local typecheck
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-vercel typecheck
• Filtered pnpm audit confirms the direct Workflow undici findings are cleared; one unrelated workbench/tanstack-start transitive undici@7.22.0 finding remains.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: eebd39d

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 19 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-2.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.966s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-4.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.965s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s (-21.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.955s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.056s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.956s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.062s (-14.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.950s	10	1.56x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.065s (+3.3%)	1.013s (~)	0.948s	10	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.275s (-27.1% 🟢)	2.233s (-2.7%)	1.958s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.279s (-4.3%)	1.965s (+3.9%)	1.686s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.342s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.227s (-0.9%)	1.885s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.086s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.092s (-0.9%)	2.007s (~)	0.915s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (-3.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.911s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s (-3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.104s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.906s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.107s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.563s (-32.5% 🟢)	3.412s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.849s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s (-5.0%)	3.485s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.808s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.943s (~)	4.170s (+13.4% 🔺)	2.227s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.480s (-0.6%)	11.021s (~)	0.541s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.510s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.512s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.520s (~)	11.020s (~)	0.500s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.529s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.486s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.537s (-2.5%)	11.024s (~)	0.486s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.588s (-2.5%)	11.017s (~)	0.429s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.382s (-29.5% 🟢)	15.220s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.838s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.402s (-6.4% 🟢)	14.481s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.078s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.519s (-25.2% 🟢)	15.360s (-23.1% 🟢)	1.841s	2	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.657s (-0.8%)	14.026s (~)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.680s (~)	14.027s (~)	0.347s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.735s (-0.8%)	14.019s (~)	0.284s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.759s (-0.7%)	14.018s (~)	0.259s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.777s (-4.5%)	14.020s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.243s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.840s (-3.7%)	14.028s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.189s	5	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	21.292s (-39.9% 🟢)	23.016s (-37.5% 🟢)	1.725s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.355s (-11.8% 🟢)	30.278s (+15.6% 🔺)	8.922s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.518s (-30.9% 🟢)	23.252s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.734s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.200s (+1.1%)	13.025s (+1.0%)	0.825s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.279s (-2.1%)	13.025s (~)	0.746s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.348s (-1.4%)	13.018s (~)	0.671s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.421s (~)	13.019s (~)	0.598s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.439s (-10.3% 🟢)	13.016s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.577s	7	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.444s (-8.9% 🟢)	13.026s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.582s	7	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.734s (-28.8% 🟢)	29.448s (-28.1% 🟢)	1.714s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.861s (-20.6% 🟢)	30.035s (-18.6% 🟢)	2.173s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	39.276s (+11.6% 🔺)	41.180s (+11.5% 🔺)	1.904s	3	1.42x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.160s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.848s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-1.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.202s (+2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.804s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.207s (-0.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.801s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.213s (+4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.792s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.251s (-3.5%)	2.007s (~)	0.756s	15	1.08x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.369s (+6.8% 🔺)	3.987s (+2.6%)	1.619s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.949s (-10.5% 🟢)	1.355s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.498s (+68.6% 🔺)	6.090s (+48.6% 🔺)	1.593s	5	1.90x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.262s (-23.0% 🟢)	2.151s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.889s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.307s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.701s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.331s (-2.5%)	2.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.677s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.026s (+30.5% 🔺)	2.314s (+15.1% 🔺)	0.288s	13	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.735s (+19.3% 🔺)	0.487s	11	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	2.385s (+46.6% 🔺)	2.828s (+41.0% 🔺)	0.443s	11	1.89x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.866s (-29.2% 🟢)	4.414s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.548s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.939s (-25.8% 🟢)	5.023s (-11.4% 🟢)	2.084s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.227s (+38.7% 🔺)	7.724s (+19.2% 🔺)	1.496s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-54.2% 🟢)	4.010s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.562s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.468s (-16.7% 🟢)	3.568s (-8.2% 🟢)	2.100s	9	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.470s (-7.8% 🟢)	3.114s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.644s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.706s (+37.5% 🔺)	5.011s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.305s	6	3.25x
💻 Local	Express	5.448s (+24.6% 🔺)	6.018s (+23.6% 🔺)	0.570s	5	3.76x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.393s (+10.7% 🔺)	7.014s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.622s	5	4.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.922s (-30.3% 🟢)	5.737s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.815s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.137s (-32.5% 🟢)	5.456s (-34.5% 🟢)	1.319s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.384s (-20.3% 🟢)	6.216s (-21.6% 🟢)	1.832s	5	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.175s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (-2.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.189s (-1.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.819s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.220s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.785s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.231s (-21.9% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.775s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.315s (-6.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.691s	15	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.317s (-37.7% 🟢)	3.595s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.278s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.407s (+3.6%)	3.938s (+3.5%)	1.531s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.695s (-24.4% 🟢)	4.040s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.345s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.260s (-18.4% 🟢)	2.008s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.748s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.276s (-11.5% 🟢)	2.009s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.732s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.291s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.716s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.967s (+16.1% 🔺)	2.392s (+19.1% 🔺)	0.425s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Express	1.971s (+3.8%)	2.391s (+11.3% 🔺)	0.421s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+3.7%)	2.826s (-6.1% 🟢)	0.578s	11	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.893s (+3.3%)	4.633s (+10.8% 🔺)	1.740s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.241s (-27.4% 🟢)	4.773s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.532s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.838s (+40.8% 🔺)	5.754s (+25.9% 🔺)	1.915s	6	1.33x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.442s (-20.1% 🟢)	3.343s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.901s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.464s (-18.6% 🟢)	3.761s (-6.2% 🟢)	2.297s	8	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.607s (-60.5% 🟢)	4.439s (~)	2.832s	7	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.508s (+22.6% 🔺)	6.015s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.507s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.585s (+21.7% 🔺)	6.012s (+19.9% 🔺)	0.427s	5	3.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.765s (+16.5% 🔺)	7.523s (+17.3% 🔺)	0.758s	4	4.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.091s (+8.2% 🔺)	5.619s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.528s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.321s (-48.7% 🟢)	6.513s (-36.4% 🟢)	2.191s	5	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.832s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.381s (-59.3% 🟢)	1.549s	5	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.543s (-35.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.463s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.547s (-4.2%)	1.006s (~)	0.459s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.547s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.023s (-1.7%)	0.476s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.552s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.452s	60	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.570s (+13.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.435s	60	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.602s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.403s	60	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.553s (-21.9% 🟢)	5.473s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.920s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.609s (-42.8% 🟢)	4.941s (-39.3% 🟢)	1.332s	13	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.902s (-41.0% 🟢)	5.252s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.350s	12	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.274s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.008s (-1.0%)	0.734s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s (-34.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-3.3%)	0.728s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.297s (-6.6% 🟢)	2.030s (~)	0.733s	45	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.384s (+16.6% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.622s	45	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	1.409s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.597s	45	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-31.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.559s	45	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	9.669s (-28.9% 🟢)	11.386s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.716s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.973s (-7.1% 🟢)	12.519s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.546s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.662s (-16.2% 🟢)	16.746s (-12.6% 🟢)	2.084s	9	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.513s (-35.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-26.2% 🟢)	0.496s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.566s (-8.3% 🟢)	3.086s (-2.5%)	0.520s	39	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.595s (-4.3%)	3.085s (-0.8%)	0.490s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.056s (+11.9% 🔺)	3.646s (+13.1% 🔺)	0.589s	33	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.065s (-4.2%)	3.626s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.561s	34	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.164s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.945s (-21.3% 🟢)	0.781s	31	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	19.603s (-24.8% 🟢)	21.815s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.212s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	19.824s (-20.7% 🟢)	21.318s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.494s	6	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	20.561s (-21.8% 🟢)	22.348s (-20.5% 🟢)	1.787s	6	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.173s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.834s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.219s (-6.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.787s	60	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.222s (-4.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.784s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.323s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.681s	60	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	0.355s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.649s	60	2.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.601s (+3.3%)	1.005s (~)	0.403s	60	3.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.529s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.017s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.488s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.654s (+135.7% 🔺)	6.242s (+117.6% 🔺)	2.589s	10	2.39x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.727s (+188.8% 🔺)	5.526s (+92.3% 🔺)	1.799s	11	2.44x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.271s (-49.7% 🟢)	1.006s (-10.0% 🟢)	0.735s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.323s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.694s	89	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.362s (+1.7%)	1.007s (-3.2%)	0.645s	90	1.33x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.897s (+24.5% 🔺)	2.376s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.479s	38	7.00x
💻 Local	Express	2.027s (-3.0%)	2.509s (-5.5% 🟢)	0.482s	36	7.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.647s (+13.5% 🔺)	3.007s (-2.2%)	0.361s	30	9.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.512s (-17.5% 🟢)	3.878s (-19.1% 🟢)	1.366s	24	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.671s (-8.7% 🟢)	4.684s (-2.4%)	2.013s	20	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.081s (+48.6% 🔺)	5.855s (+22.5% 🔺)	1.775s	16	1.62x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.459s (-82.5% 🟢)	3.009s (-13.3% 🟢)	2.550s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.515s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.050s (-14.8% 🟢)	0.535s	115	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.559s (-1.7%)	1.129s (-7.2% 🟢)	0.569s	107	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.336s (+47.9% 🔺)	10.027s (+48.7% 🔺)	0.691s	12	20.33x
💻 Local	Express	10.229s (+23.1% 🔺)	10.948s (+23.3% 🔺)	0.719s	12	22.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.580s (-1.7%)	11.482s (-0.8%)	0.902s	11	23.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.835s (-46.3% 🟢)	4.348s (-38.0% 🟢)	1.513s	28	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.862s (-47.6% 🟢)	4.735s (-33.2% 🟢)	1.873s	26	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.323s (-10.7% 🟢)	5.875s (-10.1% 🟢)	1.551s	21	1.53x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.152s (-4.8%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-3.2%)	2.020s (~)	0.868s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.161s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.002s (~)	0.001s (-23.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.850s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+3.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.010s (-63.3% 🟢)	2.017s (-1.0%)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.162s (-1.4%)	1.996s (~)	0.001s (+18.2% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.848s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (~)	1.997s (~)	0.001s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.846s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.166s (+1.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+15.8% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.854s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.394s (~)	3.664s (~)	2.817s (+280.1% 🔺)	7.003s (+43.7% 🔺)	4.609s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.580s (-2.2%)	3.676s (-3.4%)	3.222s (+306.2% 🔺)	7.324s (+44.9% 🔺)	4.743s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.222s (+67.4% 🔺)	6.757s (+76.9% 🔺)	6.790s (+741.0% 🔺)	14.028s (+175.9% 🔺)	9.806s	10	1.76x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.578s (~)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (-0.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.582s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.012s (-32.6% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.443s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.586s (+1.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.013s (-1.6%)	2.025s (~)	0.439s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.587s (-11.1% 🟢)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (-3.2%)	2.025s (~)	0.438s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.602s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.011s (-10.0% 🟢)	2.024s (~)	0.422s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.629s (+2.8%)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.397s	30	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	6.362s (-25.1% 🟢)	7.874s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.295s (+11.9% 🔺)	8.645s (-18.2% 🟢)	2.283s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.926s (-3.3%)	8.021s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.317s (+33.5% 🔺)	8.767s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.841s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	7.068s (+10.7% 🔺)	8.644s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.226s (+26.4% 🔺)	9.378s (+10.9% 🔺)	2.311s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.756s (-2.2%)	1.031s (-1.7%)	0.000s (+184.5% 🔺)	1.047s (-4.2%)	0.291s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.779s (+1.9%)	1.106s (+7.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+31.9% 🔺)	1.119s (+6.0% 🔺)	0.340s	54	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.808s (-20.8% 🟢)	1.091s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-62.7% 🟢)	1.098s (-25.4% 🟢)	0.290s	55	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.348s (+25.4% 🔺)	2.013s (+9.6% 🔺)	0.000s (-72.5% 🟢)	2.016s (+9.5% 🔺)	0.668s	30	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	1.358s (~)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (-16.7% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.657s	30	1.80x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.453s (-3.9%)	2.012s (~)	0.000s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.563s	30	1.92x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.520s (+2.1%)	4.578s (-4.0%)	0.000s (~)	5.014s (-4.7%)	1.494s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.624s (+19.6% 🔺)	5.141s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	5.677s (+12.7% 🔺)	2.053s	11	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.734s (-0.6%)	4.680s (-13.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-8.3% 🟢)	5.087s (-13.2% 🟢)	1.353s	12	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.567s (-2.9%)	2.173s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.197s (+5.2% 🔺)	0.629s	28	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.653s (+6.6% 🔺)	2.218s (+3.9%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.249s (+4.8%)	0.596s	27	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.827s (-13.5% 🟢)	2.442s (-5.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.463s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.636s	25	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.550s (+60.9% 🔺)	4.158s (+51.6% 🔺)	0.001s (+25.7% 🔺)	4.169s (+51.4% 🔺)	0.619s	15	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	3.817s (+30.3% 🔺)	4.309s (+17.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+191.4% 🔺)	4.323s (+17.7% 🔺)	0.506s	14	2.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.847s (+32.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+27.8% 🔺)	0.001s (+33.3% 🔺)	4.303s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.455s	15	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.313s (+1.2%)	6.448s (~)	0.000s (NaN%)	6.890s (~)	1.577s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.633s (-22.3% 🟢)	7.188s (-14.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.585s (-14.3% 🟢)	1.952s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.160s (+8.2% 🔺)	7.903s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.458s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.298s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	18/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13/21
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	9/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 📦 Local Production	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1895	0	233	2128
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	8192	0	1080	9272

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[socket-security]

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/​undici@​7.28.0

View full report

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2535. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• Bump the workspace catalog for undici to 7.28.0.
• Refresh the lockfile entries for @workflow/world-local and @workflow/world-vercel.
• Add a patch changeset for the published world packages.

Verification

• pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local... --filter @workflow/world-vercel... build
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local typecheck
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-vercel typecheck
• Filtered pnpm audit confirms the direct Workflow undici findings are cleared; one unrelated workbench/tanstack-start transitive undici@7.22.0 finding remains.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: eebd39d

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 19 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-2.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.966s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-4.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.965s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s (-21.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.955s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.056s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.956s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.062s (-14.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.950s	10	1.56x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.065s (+3.3%)	1.013s (~)	0.948s	10	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.275s (-27.1% 🟢)	2.233s (-2.7%)	1.958s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.279s (-4.3%)	1.965s (+3.9%)	1.686s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.342s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.227s (-0.9%)	1.885s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.086s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.092s (-0.9%)	2.007s (~)	0.915s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (-3.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.911s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s (-3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.104s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.906s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.107s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.563s (-32.5% 🟢)	3.412s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.849s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s (-5.0%)	3.485s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.808s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.943s (~)	4.170s (+13.4% 🔺)	2.227s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.480s (-0.6%)	11.021s (~)	0.541s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.510s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.512s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.520s (~)	11.020s (~)	0.500s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.529s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.486s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.537s (-2.5%)	11.024s (~)	0.486s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.588s (-2.5%)	11.017s (~)	0.429s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.382s (-29.5% 🟢)	15.220s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.838s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.402s (-6.4% 🟢)	14.481s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.078s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.519s (-25.2% 🟢)	15.360s (-23.1% 🟢)	1.841s	2	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.657s (-0.8%)	14.026s (~)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.680s (~)	14.027s (~)	0.347s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.735s (-0.8%)	14.019s (~)	0.284s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.759s (-0.7%)	14.018s (~)	0.259s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.777s (-4.5%)	14.020s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.243s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.840s (-3.7%)	14.028s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.189s	5	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	21.292s (-39.9% 🟢)	23.016s (-37.5% 🟢)	1.725s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.355s (-11.8% 🟢)	30.278s (+15.6% 🔺)	8.922s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.518s (-30.9% 🟢)	23.252s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.734s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.200s (+1.1%)	13.025s (+1.0%)	0.825s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.279s (-2.1%)	13.025s (~)	0.746s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.348s (-1.4%)	13.018s (~)	0.671s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.421s (~)	13.019s (~)	0.598s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.439s (-10.3% 🟢)	13.016s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.577s	7	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.444s (-8.9% 🟢)	13.026s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.582s	7	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.734s (-28.8% 🟢)	29.448s (-28.1% 🟢)	1.714s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.861s (-20.6% 🟢)	30.035s (-18.6% 🟢)	2.173s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	39.276s (+11.6% 🔺)	41.180s (+11.5% 🔺)	1.904s	3	1.42x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.160s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.848s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-1.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.202s (+2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.804s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.207s (-0.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.801s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.213s (+4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.792s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.251s (-3.5%)	2.007s (~)	0.756s	15	1.08x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.369s (+6.8% 🔺)	3.987s (+2.6%)	1.619s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.949s (-10.5% 🟢)	1.355s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.498s (+68.6% 🔺)	6.090s (+48.6% 🔺)	1.593s	5	1.90x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.262s (-23.0% 🟢)	2.151s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.889s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.307s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.701s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.331s (-2.5%)	2.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.677s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.026s (+30.5% 🔺)	2.314s (+15.1% 🔺)	0.288s	13	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.735s (+19.3% 🔺)	0.487s	11	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	2.385s (+46.6% 🔺)	2.828s (+41.0% 🔺)	0.443s	11	1.89x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.866s (-29.2% 🟢)	4.414s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.548s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.939s (-25.8% 🟢)	5.023s (-11.4% 🟢)	2.084s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.227s (+38.7% 🔺)	7.724s (+19.2% 🔺)	1.496s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-54.2% 🟢)	4.010s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.562s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.468s (-16.7% 🟢)	3.568s (-8.2% 🟢)	2.100s	9	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.470s (-7.8% 🟢)	3.114s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.644s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.706s (+37.5% 🔺)	5.011s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.305s	6	3.25x
💻 Local	Express	5.448s (+24.6% 🔺)	6.018s (+23.6% 🔺)	0.570s	5	3.76x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.393s (+10.7% 🔺)	7.014s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.622s	5	4.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.922s (-30.3% 🟢)	5.737s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.815s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.137s (-32.5% 🟢)	5.456s (-34.5% 🟢)	1.319s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.384s (-20.3% 🟢)	6.216s (-21.6% 🟢)	1.832s	5	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.175s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (-2.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.189s (-1.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.819s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.220s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.785s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.231s (-21.9% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.775s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.315s (-6.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.691s	15	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.317s (-37.7% 🟢)	3.595s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.278s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.407s (+3.6%)	3.938s (+3.5%)	1.531s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.695s (-24.4% 🟢)	4.040s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.345s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.260s (-18.4% 🟢)	2.008s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.748s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.276s (-11.5% 🟢)	2.009s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.732s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.291s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.716s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.967s (+16.1% 🔺)	2.392s (+19.1% 🔺)	0.425s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Express	1.971s (+3.8%)	2.391s (+11.3% 🔺)	0.421s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+3.7%)	2.826s (-6.1% 🟢)	0.578s	11	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.893s (+3.3%)	4.633s (+10.8% 🔺)	1.740s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.241s (-27.4% 🟢)	4.773s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.532s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.838s (+40.8% 🔺)	5.754s (+25.9% 🔺)	1.915s	6	1.33x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.442s (-20.1% 🟢)	3.343s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.901s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.464s (-18.6% 🟢)	3.761s (-6.2% 🟢)	2.297s	8	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.607s (-60.5% 🟢)	4.439s (~)	2.832s	7	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.508s (+22.6% 🔺)	6.015s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.507s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.585s (+21.7% 🔺)	6.012s (+19.9% 🔺)	0.427s	5	3.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.765s (+16.5% 🔺)	7.523s (+17.3% 🔺)	0.758s	4	4.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.091s (+8.2% 🔺)	5.619s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.528s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.321s (-48.7% 🟢)	6.513s (-36.4% 🟢)	2.191s	5	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.832s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.381s (-59.3% 🟢)	1.549s	5	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.543s (-35.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.463s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.547s (-4.2%)	1.006s (~)	0.459s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.547s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.023s (-1.7%)	0.476s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.552s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.452s	60	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.570s (+13.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.435s	60	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.602s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.403s	60	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.553s (-21.9% 🟢)	5.473s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.920s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.609s (-42.8% 🟢)	4.941s (-39.3% 🟢)	1.332s	13	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.902s (-41.0% 🟢)	5.252s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.350s	12	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.274s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.008s (-1.0%)	0.734s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s (-34.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-3.3%)	0.728s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.297s (-6.6% 🟢)	2.030s (~)	0.733s	45	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.384s (+16.6% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.622s	45	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	1.409s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.597s	45	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-31.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.559s	45	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	9.669s (-28.9% 🟢)	11.386s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.716s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.973s (-7.1% 🟢)	12.519s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.546s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.662s (-16.2% 🟢)	16.746s (-12.6% 🟢)	2.084s	9	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.513s (-35.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-26.2% 🟢)	0.496s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.566s (-8.3% 🟢)	3.086s (-2.5%)	0.520s	39	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.595s (-4.3%)	3.085s (-0.8%)	0.490s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.056s (+11.9% 🔺)	3.646s (+13.1% 🔺)	0.589s	33	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.065s (-4.2%)	3.626s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.561s	34	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.164s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.945s (-21.3% 🟢)	0.781s	31	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	19.603s (-24.8% 🟢)	21.815s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.212s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	19.824s (-20.7% 🟢)	21.318s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.494s	6	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	20.561s (-21.8% 🟢)	22.348s (-20.5% 🟢)	1.787s	6	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.173s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.834s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.219s (-6.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.787s	60	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.222s (-4.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.784s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.323s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.681s	60	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	0.355s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.649s	60	2.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.601s (+3.3%)	1.005s (~)	0.403s	60	3.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.529s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.017s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.488s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.654s (+135.7% 🔺)	6.242s (+117.6% 🔺)	2.589s	10	2.39x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.727s (+188.8% 🔺)	5.526s (+92.3% 🔺)	1.799s	11	2.44x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.271s (-49.7% 🟢)	1.006s (-10.0% 🟢)	0.735s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.323s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.694s	89	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.362s (+1.7%)	1.007s (-3.2%)	0.645s	90	1.33x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.897s (+24.5% 🔺)	2.376s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.479s	38	7.00x
💻 Local	Express	2.027s (-3.0%)	2.509s (-5.5% 🟢)	0.482s	36	7.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.647s (+13.5% 🔺)	3.007s (-2.2%)	0.361s	30	9.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.512s (-17.5% 🟢)	3.878s (-19.1% 🟢)	1.366s	24	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.671s (-8.7% 🟢)	4.684s (-2.4%)	2.013s	20	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.081s (+48.6% 🔺)	5.855s (+22.5% 🔺)	1.775s	16	1.62x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.459s (-82.5% 🟢)	3.009s (-13.3% 🟢)	2.550s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.515s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.050s (-14.8% 🟢)	0.535s	115	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.559s (-1.7%)	1.129s (-7.2% 🟢)	0.569s	107	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.336s (+47.9% 🔺)	10.027s (+48.7% 🔺)	0.691s	12	20.33x
💻 Local	Express	10.229s (+23.1% 🔺)	10.948s (+23.3% 🔺)	0.719s	12	22.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.580s (-1.7%)	11.482s (-0.8%)	0.902s	11	23.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.835s (-46.3% 🟢)	4.348s (-38.0% 🟢)	1.513s	28	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.862s (-47.6% 🟢)	4.735s (-33.2% 🟢)	1.873s	26	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.323s (-10.7% 🟢)	5.875s (-10.1% 🟢)	1.551s	21	1.53x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.152s (-4.8%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-3.2%)	2.020s (~)	0.868s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.161s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.002s (~)	0.001s (-23.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.850s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+3.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.010s (-63.3% 🟢)	2.017s (-1.0%)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.162s (-1.4%)	1.996s (~)	0.001s (+18.2% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.848s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (~)	1.997s (~)	0.001s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.846s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.166s (+1.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+15.8% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.854s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.394s (~)	3.664s (~)	2.817s (+280.1% 🔺)	7.003s (+43.7% 🔺)	4.609s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.580s (-2.2%)	3.676s (-3.4%)	3.222s (+306.2% 🔺)	7.324s (+44.9% 🔺)	4.743s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.222s (+67.4% 🔺)	6.757s (+76.9% 🔺)	6.790s (+741.0% 🔺)	14.028s (+175.9% 🔺)	9.806s	10	1.76x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.578s (~)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (-0.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.582s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.012s (-32.6% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.443s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.586s (+1.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.013s (-1.6%)	2.025s (~)	0.439s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.587s (-11.1% 🟢)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (-3.2%)	2.025s (~)	0.438s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.602s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.011s (-10.0% 🟢)	2.024s (~)	0.422s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.629s (+2.8%)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.397s	30	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	6.362s (-25.1% 🟢)	7.874s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.295s (+11.9% 🔺)	8.645s (-18.2% 🟢)	2.283s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.926s (-3.3%)	8.021s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.317s (+33.5% 🔺)	8.767s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.841s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	7.068s (+10.7% 🔺)	8.644s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.226s (+26.4% 🔺)	9.378s (+10.9% 🔺)	2.311s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.756s (-2.2%)	1.031s (-1.7%)	0.000s (+184.5% 🔺)	1.047s (-4.2%)	0.291s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.779s (+1.9%)	1.106s (+7.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+31.9% 🔺)	1.119s (+6.0% 🔺)	0.340s	54	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.808s (-20.8% 🟢)	1.091s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-62.7% 🟢)	1.098s (-25.4% 🟢)	0.290s	55	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.348s (+25.4% 🔺)	2.013s (+9.6% 🔺)	0.000s (-72.5% 🟢)	2.016s (+9.5% 🔺)	0.668s	30	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	1.358s (~)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (-16.7% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.657s	30	1.80x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.453s (-3.9%)	2.012s (~)	0.000s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.563s	30	1.92x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.520s (+2.1%)	4.578s (-4.0%)	0.000s (~)	5.014s (-4.7%)	1.494s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.624s (+19.6% 🔺)	5.141s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	5.677s (+12.7% 🔺)	2.053s	11	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.734s (-0.6%)	4.680s (-13.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-8.3% 🟢)	5.087s (-13.2% 🟢)	1.353s	12	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.567s (-2.9%)	2.173s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.197s (+5.2% 🔺)	0.629s	28	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.653s (+6.6% 🔺)	2.218s (+3.9%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.249s (+4.8%)	0.596s	27	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.827s (-13.5% 🟢)	2.442s (-5.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.463s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.636s	25	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.550s (+60.9% 🔺)	4.158s (+51.6% 🔺)	0.001s (+25.7% 🔺)	4.169s (+51.4% 🔺)	0.619s	15	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	3.817s (+30.3% 🔺)	4.309s (+17.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+191.4% 🔺)	4.323s (+17.7% 🔺)	0.506s	14	2.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.847s (+32.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+27.8% 🔺)	0.001s (+33.3% 🔺)	4.303s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.455s	15	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.313s (+1.2%)	6.448s (~)	0.000s (NaN%)	6.890s (~)	1.577s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.633s (-22.3% 🟢)	7.188s (-14.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.585s (-14.3% 🟢)	1.952s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.160s (+8.2% 🔺)	7.903s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.458s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.298s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	18/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13/21
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	9/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 📦 Local Production	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1895	0	233	2128
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	8192	0	1080	9272

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[socket-security]

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/​undici@​7.28.0

View full report

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2535. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• Bump the workspace catalog for undici to 7.28.0.
• Refresh the lockfile entries for @workflow/world-local and @workflow/world-vercel.
• Add a patch changeset for the published world packages.

Verification

• pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local... --filter @workflow/world-vercel... build
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local typecheck
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-vercel typecheck
• Filtered pnpm audit confirms the direct Workflow undici findings are cleared; one unrelated workbench/tanstack-start transitive undici@7.22.0 finding remains.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: eebd39d

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 19 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-2.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.966s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-4.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.965s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s (-21.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.955s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.056s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.956s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.062s (-14.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.950s	10	1.56x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.065s (+3.3%)	1.013s (~)	0.948s	10	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.275s (-27.1% 🟢)	2.233s (-2.7%)	1.958s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.279s (-4.3%)	1.965s (+3.9%)	1.686s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.342s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.227s (-0.9%)	1.885s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.086s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.092s (-0.9%)	2.007s (~)	0.915s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (-3.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.911s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s (-3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.104s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.906s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.107s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.563s (-32.5% 🟢)	3.412s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.849s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s (-5.0%)	3.485s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.808s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.943s (~)	4.170s (+13.4% 🔺)	2.227s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.480s (-0.6%)	11.021s (~)	0.541s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.510s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.512s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.520s (~)	11.020s (~)	0.500s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.529s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.486s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.537s (-2.5%)	11.024s (~)	0.486s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.588s (-2.5%)	11.017s (~)	0.429s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.382s (-29.5% 🟢)	15.220s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.838s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.402s (-6.4% 🟢)	14.481s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.078s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.519s (-25.2% 🟢)	15.360s (-23.1% 🟢)	1.841s	2	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.657s (-0.8%)	14.026s (~)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.680s (~)	14.027s (~)	0.347s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.735s (-0.8%)	14.019s (~)	0.284s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.759s (-0.7%)	14.018s (~)	0.259s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.777s (-4.5%)	14.020s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.243s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.840s (-3.7%)	14.028s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.189s	5	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	21.292s (-39.9% 🟢)	23.016s (-37.5% 🟢)	1.725s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.355s (-11.8% 🟢)	30.278s (+15.6% 🔺)	8.922s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.518s (-30.9% 🟢)	23.252s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.734s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.200s (+1.1%)	13.025s (+1.0%)	0.825s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.279s (-2.1%)	13.025s (~)	0.746s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.348s (-1.4%)	13.018s (~)	0.671s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.421s (~)	13.019s (~)	0.598s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.439s (-10.3% 🟢)	13.016s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.577s	7	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.444s (-8.9% 🟢)	13.026s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.582s	7	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.734s (-28.8% 🟢)	29.448s (-28.1% 🟢)	1.714s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.861s (-20.6% 🟢)	30.035s (-18.6% 🟢)	2.173s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	39.276s (+11.6% 🔺)	41.180s (+11.5% 🔺)	1.904s	3	1.42x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.160s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.848s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-1.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.202s (+2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.804s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.207s (-0.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.801s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.213s (+4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.792s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.251s (-3.5%)	2.007s (~)	0.756s	15	1.08x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.369s (+6.8% 🔺)	3.987s (+2.6%)	1.619s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.949s (-10.5% 🟢)	1.355s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.498s (+68.6% 🔺)	6.090s (+48.6% 🔺)	1.593s	5	1.90x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.262s (-23.0% 🟢)	2.151s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.889s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.307s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.701s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.331s (-2.5%)	2.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.677s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.026s (+30.5% 🔺)	2.314s (+15.1% 🔺)	0.288s	13	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.735s (+19.3% 🔺)	0.487s	11	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	2.385s (+46.6% 🔺)	2.828s (+41.0% 🔺)	0.443s	11	1.89x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.866s (-29.2% 🟢)	4.414s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.548s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.939s (-25.8% 🟢)	5.023s (-11.4% 🟢)	2.084s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.227s (+38.7% 🔺)	7.724s (+19.2% 🔺)	1.496s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-54.2% 🟢)	4.010s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.562s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.468s (-16.7% 🟢)	3.568s (-8.2% 🟢)	2.100s	9	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.470s (-7.8% 🟢)	3.114s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.644s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.706s (+37.5% 🔺)	5.011s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.305s	6	3.25x
💻 Local	Express	5.448s (+24.6% 🔺)	6.018s (+23.6% 🔺)	0.570s	5	3.76x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.393s (+10.7% 🔺)	7.014s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.622s	5	4.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.922s (-30.3% 🟢)	5.737s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.815s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.137s (-32.5% 🟢)	5.456s (-34.5% 🟢)	1.319s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.384s (-20.3% 🟢)	6.216s (-21.6% 🟢)	1.832s	5	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.175s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (-2.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.189s (-1.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.819s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.220s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.785s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.231s (-21.9% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.775s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.315s (-6.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.691s	15	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.317s (-37.7% 🟢)	3.595s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.278s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.407s (+3.6%)	3.938s (+3.5%)	1.531s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.695s (-24.4% 🟢)	4.040s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.345s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.260s (-18.4% 🟢)	2.008s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.748s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.276s (-11.5% 🟢)	2.009s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.732s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.291s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.716s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.967s (+16.1% 🔺)	2.392s (+19.1% 🔺)	0.425s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Express	1.971s (+3.8%)	2.391s (+11.3% 🔺)	0.421s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+3.7%)	2.826s (-6.1% 🟢)	0.578s	11	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.893s (+3.3%)	4.633s (+10.8% 🔺)	1.740s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.241s (-27.4% 🟢)	4.773s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.532s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.838s (+40.8% 🔺)	5.754s (+25.9% 🔺)	1.915s	6	1.33x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.442s (-20.1% 🟢)	3.343s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.901s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.464s (-18.6% 🟢)	3.761s (-6.2% 🟢)	2.297s	8	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.607s (-60.5% 🟢)	4.439s (~)	2.832s	7	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.508s (+22.6% 🔺)	6.015s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.507s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.585s (+21.7% 🔺)	6.012s (+19.9% 🔺)	0.427s	5	3.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.765s (+16.5% 🔺)	7.523s (+17.3% 🔺)	0.758s	4	4.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.091s (+8.2% 🔺)	5.619s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.528s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.321s (-48.7% 🟢)	6.513s (-36.4% 🟢)	2.191s	5	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.832s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.381s (-59.3% 🟢)	1.549s	5	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.543s (-35.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.463s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.547s (-4.2%)	1.006s (~)	0.459s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.547s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.023s (-1.7%)	0.476s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.552s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.452s	60	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.570s (+13.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.435s	60	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.602s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.403s	60	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.553s (-21.9% 🟢)	5.473s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.920s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.609s (-42.8% 🟢)	4.941s (-39.3% 🟢)	1.332s	13	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.902s (-41.0% 🟢)	5.252s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.350s	12	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.274s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.008s (-1.0%)	0.734s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s (-34.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-3.3%)	0.728s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.297s (-6.6% 🟢)	2.030s (~)	0.733s	45	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.384s (+16.6% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.622s	45	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	1.409s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.597s	45	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-31.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.559s	45	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	9.669s (-28.9% 🟢)	11.386s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.716s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.973s (-7.1% 🟢)	12.519s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.546s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.662s (-16.2% 🟢)	16.746s (-12.6% 🟢)	2.084s	9	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.513s (-35.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-26.2% 🟢)	0.496s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.566s (-8.3% 🟢)	3.086s (-2.5%)	0.520s	39	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.595s (-4.3%)	3.085s (-0.8%)	0.490s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.056s (+11.9% 🔺)	3.646s (+13.1% 🔺)	0.589s	33	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.065s (-4.2%)	3.626s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.561s	34	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.164s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.945s (-21.3% 🟢)	0.781s	31	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	19.603s (-24.8% 🟢)	21.815s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.212s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	19.824s (-20.7% 🟢)	21.318s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.494s	6	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	20.561s (-21.8% 🟢)	22.348s (-20.5% 🟢)	1.787s	6	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.173s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.834s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.219s (-6.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.787s	60	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.222s (-4.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.784s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.323s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.681s	60	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	0.355s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.649s	60	2.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.601s (+3.3%)	1.005s (~)	0.403s	60	3.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.529s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.017s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.488s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.654s (+135.7% 🔺)	6.242s (+117.6% 🔺)	2.589s	10	2.39x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.727s (+188.8% 🔺)	5.526s (+92.3% 🔺)	1.799s	11	2.44x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.271s (-49.7% 🟢)	1.006s (-10.0% 🟢)	0.735s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.323s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.694s	89	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.362s (+1.7%)	1.007s (-3.2%)	0.645s	90	1.33x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.897s (+24.5% 🔺)	2.376s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.479s	38	7.00x
💻 Local	Express	2.027s (-3.0%)	2.509s (-5.5% 🟢)	0.482s	36	7.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.647s (+13.5% 🔺)	3.007s (-2.2%)	0.361s	30	9.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.512s (-17.5% 🟢)	3.878s (-19.1% 🟢)	1.366s	24	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.671s (-8.7% 🟢)	4.684s (-2.4%)	2.013s	20	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.081s (+48.6% 🔺)	5.855s (+22.5% 🔺)	1.775s	16	1.62x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.459s (-82.5% 🟢)	3.009s (-13.3% 🟢)	2.550s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.515s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.050s (-14.8% 🟢)	0.535s	115	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.559s (-1.7%)	1.129s (-7.2% 🟢)	0.569s	107	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.336s (+47.9% 🔺)	10.027s (+48.7% 🔺)	0.691s	12	20.33x
💻 Local	Express	10.229s (+23.1% 🔺)	10.948s (+23.3% 🔺)	0.719s	12	22.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.580s (-1.7%)	11.482s (-0.8%)	0.902s	11	23.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.835s (-46.3% 🟢)	4.348s (-38.0% 🟢)	1.513s	28	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.862s (-47.6% 🟢)	4.735s (-33.2% 🟢)	1.873s	26	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.323s (-10.7% 🟢)	5.875s (-10.1% 🟢)	1.551s	21	1.53x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.152s (-4.8%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-3.2%)	2.020s (~)	0.868s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.161s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.002s (~)	0.001s (-23.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.850s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+3.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.010s (-63.3% 🟢)	2.017s (-1.0%)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.162s (-1.4%)	1.996s (~)	0.001s (+18.2% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.848s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (~)	1.997s (~)	0.001s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.846s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.166s (+1.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+15.8% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.854s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.394s (~)	3.664s (~)	2.817s (+280.1% 🔺)	7.003s (+43.7% 🔺)	4.609s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.580s (-2.2%)	3.676s (-3.4%)	3.222s (+306.2% 🔺)	7.324s (+44.9% 🔺)	4.743s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.222s (+67.4% 🔺)	6.757s (+76.9% 🔺)	6.790s (+741.0% 🔺)	14.028s (+175.9% 🔺)	9.806s	10	1.76x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.578s (~)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (-0.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.582s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.012s (-32.6% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.443s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.586s (+1.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.013s (-1.6%)	2.025s (~)	0.439s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.587s (-11.1% 🟢)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (-3.2%)	2.025s (~)	0.438s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.602s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.011s (-10.0% 🟢)	2.024s (~)	0.422s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.629s (+2.8%)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.397s	30	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	6.362s (-25.1% 🟢)	7.874s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.295s (+11.9% 🔺)	8.645s (-18.2% 🟢)	2.283s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.926s (-3.3%)	8.021s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.317s (+33.5% 🔺)	8.767s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.841s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	7.068s (+10.7% 🔺)	8.644s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.226s (+26.4% 🔺)	9.378s (+10.9% 🔺)	2.311s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.756s (-2.2%)	1.031s (-1.7%)	0.000s (+184.5% 🔺)	1.047s (-4.2%)	0.291s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.779s (+1.9%)	1.106s (+7.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+31.9% 🔺)	1.119s (+6.0% 🔺)	0.340s	54	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.808s (-20.8% 🟢)	1.091s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-62.7% 🟢)	1.098s (-25.4% 🟢)	0.290s	55	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.348s (+25.4% 🔺)	2.013s (+9.6% 🔺)	0.000s (-72.5% 🟢)	2.016s (+9.5% 🔺)	0.668s	30	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	1.358s (~)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (-16.7% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.657s	30	1.80x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.453s (-3.9%)	2.012s (~)	0.000s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.563s	30	1.92x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.520s (+2.1%)	4.578s (-4.0%)	0.000s (~)	5.014s (-4.7%)	1.494s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.624s (+19.6% 🔺)	5.141s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	5.677s (+12.7% 🔺)	2.053s	11	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.734s (-0.6%)	4.680s (-13.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-8.3% 🟢)	5.087s (-13.2% 🟢)	1.353s	12	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.567s (-2.9%)	2.173s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.197s (+5.2% 🔺)	0.629s	28	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.653s (+6.6% 🔺)	2.218s (+3.9%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.249s (+4.8%)	0.596s	27	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.827s (-13.5% 🟢)	2.442s (-5.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.463s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.636s	25	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.550s (+60.9% 🔺)	4.158s (+51.6% 🔺)	0.001s (+25.7% 🔺)	4.169s (+51.4% 🔺)	0.619s	15	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	3.817s (+30.3% 🔺)	4.309s (+17.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+191.4% 🔺)	4.323s (+17.7% 🔺)	0.506s	14	2.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.847s (+32.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+27.8% 🔺)	0.001s (+33.3% 🔺)	4.303s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.455s	15	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.313s (+1.2%)	6.448s (~)	0.000s (NaN%)	6.890s (~)	1.577s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.633s (-22.3% 🟢)	7.188s (-14.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.585s (-14.3% 🟢)	1.952s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.160s (+8.2% 🔺)	7.903s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.458s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.298s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	18/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13/21
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	9/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 📦 Local Production	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1895	0	233	2128
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	8192	0	1080	9272

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[socket-security]

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/​undici@​7.28.0

View full report

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2535. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• Bump the workspace catalog for undici to 7.28.0.
• Refresh the lockfile entries for @workflow/world-local and @workflow/world-vercel.
• Add a patch changeset for the published world packages.

Verification

• pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local... --filter @workflow/world-vercel... build
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local typecheck
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-vercel typecheck
• Filtered pnpm audit confirms the direct Workflow undici findings are cleared; one unrelated workbench/tanstack-start transitive undici@7.22.0 finding remains.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: eebd39d

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 19 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-2.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.966s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-4.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.965s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s (-21.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.955s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.056s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.956s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.062s (-14.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.950s	10	1.56x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.065s (+3.3%)	1.013s (~)	0.948s	10	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.275s (-27.1% 🟢)	2.233s (-2.7%)	1.958s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.279s (-4.3%)	1.965s (+3.9%)	1.686s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.342s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.227s (-0.9%)	1.885s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.086s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.092s (-0.9%)	2.007s (~)	0.915s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (-3.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.911s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s (-3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.104s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.906s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.107s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.563s (-32.5% 🟢)	3.412s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.849s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s (-5.0%)	3.485s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.808s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.943s (~)	4.170s (+13.4% 🔺)	2.227s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.480s (-0.6%)	11.021s (~)	0.541s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.510s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.512s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.520s (~)	11.020s (~)	0.500s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.529s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.486s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.537s (-2.5%)	11.024s (~)	0.486s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.588s (-2.5%)	11.017s (~)	0.429s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.382s (-29.5% 🟢)	15.220s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.838s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.402s (-6.4% 🟢)	14.481s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.078s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.519s (-25.2% 🟢)	15.360s (-23.1% 🟢)	1.841s	2	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.657s (-0.8%)	14.026s (~)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.680s (~)	14.027s (~)	0.347s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.735s (-0.8%)	14.019s (~)	0.284s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.759s (-0.7%)	14.018s (~)	0.259s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.777s (-4.5%)	14.020s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.243s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.840s (-3.7%)	14.028s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.189s	5	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	21.292s (-39.9% 🟢)	23.016s (-37.5% 🟢)	1.725s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.355s (-11.8% 🟢)	30.278s (+15.6% 🔺)	8.922s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.518s (-30.9% 🟢)	23.252s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.734s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.200s (+1.1%)	13.025s (+1.0%)	0.825s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.279s (-2.1%)	13.025s (~)	0.746s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.348s (-1.4%)	13.018s (~)	0.671s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.421s (~)	13.019s (~)	0.598s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.439s (-10.3% 🟢)	13.016s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.577s	7	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.444s (-8.9% 🟢)	13.026s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.582s	7	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.734s (-28.8% 🟢)	29.448s (-28.1% 🟢)	1.714s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.861s (-20.6% 🟢)	30.035s (-18.6% 🟢)	2.173s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	39.276s (+11.6% 🔺)	41.180s (+11.5% 🔺)	1.904s	3	1.42x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.160s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.848s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-1.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.202s (+2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.804s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.207s (-0.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.801s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.213s (+4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.792s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.251s (-3.5%)	2.007s (~)	0.756s	15	1.08x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.369s (+6.8% 🔺)	3.987s (+2.6%)	1.619s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.949s (-10.5% 🟢)	1.355s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.498s (+68.6% 🔺)	6.090s (+48.6% 🔺)	1.593s	5	1.90x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.262s (-23.0% 🟢)	2.151s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.889s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.307s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.701s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.331s (-2.5%)	2.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.677s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.026s (+30.5% 🔺)	2.314s (+15.1% 🔺)	0.288s	13	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.735s (+19.3% 🔺)	0.487s	11	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	2.385s (+46.6% 🔺)	2.828s (+41.0% 🔺)	0.443s	11	1.89x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.866s (-29.2% 🟢)	4.414s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.548s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.939s (-25.8% 🟢)	5.023s (-11.4% 🟢)	2.084s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.227s (+38.7% 🔺)	7.724s (+19.2% 🔺)	1.496s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-54.2% 🟢)	4.010s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.562s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.468s (-16.7% 🟢)	3.568s (-8.2% 🟢)	2.100s	9	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.470s (-7.8% 🟢)	3.114s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.644s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.706s (+37.5% 🔺)	5.011s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.305s	6	3.25x
💻 Local	Express	5.448s (+24.6% 🔺)	6.018s (+23.6% 🔺)	0.570s	5	3.76x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.393s (+10.7% 🔺)	7.014s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.622s	5	4.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.922s (-30.3% 🟢)	5.737s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.815s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.137s (-32.5% 🟢)	5.456s (-34.5% 🟢)	1.319s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.384s (-20.3% 🟢)	6.216s (-21.6% 🟢)	1.832s	5	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.175s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (-2.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.189s (-1.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.819s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.220s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.785s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.231s (-21.9% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.775s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.315s (-6.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.691s	15	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.317s (-37.7% 🟢)	3.595s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.278s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.407s (+3.6%)	3.938s (+3.5%)	1.531s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.695s (-24.4% 🟢)	4.040s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.345s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.260s (-18.4% 🟢)	2.008s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.748s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.276s (-11.5% 🟢)	2.009s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.732s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.291s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.716s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.967s (+16.1% 🔺)	2.392s (+19.1% 🔺)	0.425s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Express	1.971s (+3.8%)	2.391s (+11.3% 🔺)	0.421s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+3.7%)	2.826s (-6.1% 🟢)	0.578s	11	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.893s (+3.3%)	4.633s (+10.8% 🔺)	1.740s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.241s (-27.4% 🟢)	4.773s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.532s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.838s (+40.8% 🔺)	5.754s (+25.9% 🔺)	1.915s	6	1.33x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.442s (-20.1% 🟢)	3.343s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.901s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.464s (-18.6% 🟢)	3.761s (-6.2% 🟢)	2.297s	8	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.607s (-60.5% 🟢)	4.439s (~)	2.832s	7	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.508s (+22.6% 🔺)	6.015s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.507s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.585s (+21.7% 🔺)	6.012s (+19.9% 🔺)	0.427s	5	3.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.765s (+16.5% 🔺)	7.523s (+17.3% 🔺)	0.758s	4	4.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.091s (+8.2% 🔺)	5.619s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.528s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.321s (-48.7% 🟢)	6.513s (-36.4% 🟢)	2.191s	5	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.832s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.381s (-59.3% 🟢)	1.549s	5	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.543s (-35.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.463s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.547s (-4.2%)	1.006s (~)	0.459s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.547s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.023s (-1.7%)	0.476s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.552s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.452s	60	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.570s (+13.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.435s	60	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.602s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.403s	60	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.553s (-21.9% 🟢)	5.473s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.920s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.609s (-42.8% 🟢)	4.941s (-39.3% 🟢)	1.332s	13	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.902s (-41.0% 🟢)	5.252s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.350s	12	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.274s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.008s (-1.0%)	0.734s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s (-34.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-3.3%)	0.728s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.297s (-6.6% 🟢)	2.030s (~)	0.733s	45	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.384s (+16.6% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.622s	45	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	1.409s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.597s	45	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-31.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.559s	45	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	9.669s (-28.9% 🟢)	11.386s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.716s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.973s (-7.1% 🟢)	12.519s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.546s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.662s (-16.2% 🟢)	16.746s (-12.6% 🟢)	2.084s	9	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.513s (-35.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-26.2% 🟢)	0.496s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.566s (-8.3% 🟢)	3.086s (-2.5%)	0.520s	39	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.595s (-4.3%)	3.085s (-0.8%)	0.490s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.056s (+11.9% 🔺)	3.646s (+13.1% 🔺)	0.589s	33	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.065s (-4.2%)	3.626s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.561s	34	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.164s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.945s (-21.3% 🟢)	0.781s	31	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	19.603s (-24.8% 🟢)	21.815s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.212s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	19.824s (-20.7% 🟢)	21.318s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.494s	6	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	20.561s (-21.8% 🟢)	22.348s (-20.5% 🟢)	1.787s	6	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.173s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.834s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.219s (-6.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.787s	60	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.222s (-4.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.784s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.323s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.681s	60	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	0.355s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.649s	60	2.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.601s (+3.3%)	1.005s (~)	0.403s	60	3.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.529s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.017s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.488s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.654s (+135.7% 🔺)	6.242s (+117.6% 🔺)	2.589s	10	2.39x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.727s (+188.8% 🔺)	5.526s (+92.3% 🔺)	1.799s	11	2.44x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.271s (-49.7% 🟢)	1.006s (-10.0% 🟢)	0.735s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.323s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.694s	89	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.362s (+1.7%)	1.007s (-3.2%)	0.645s	90	1.33x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.897s (+24.5% 🔺)	2.376s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.479s	38	7.00x
💻 Local	Express	2.027s (-3.0%)	2.509s (-5.5% 🟢)	0.482s	36	7.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.647s (+13.5% 🔺)	3.007s (-2.2%)	0.361s	30	9.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.512s (-17.5% 🟢)	3.878s (-19.1% 🟢)	1.366s	24	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.671s (-8.7% 🟢)	4.684s (-2.4%)	2.013s	20	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.081s (+48.6% 🔺)	5.855s (+22.5% 🔺)	1.775s	16	1.62x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.459s (-82.5% 🟢)	3.009s (-13.3% 🟢)	2.550s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.515s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.050s (-14.8% 🟢)	0.535s	115	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.559s (-1.7%)	1.129s (-7.2% 🟢)	0.569s	107	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.336s (+47.9% 🔺)	10.027s (+48.7% 🔺)	0.691s	12	20.33x
💻 Local	Express	10.229s (+23.1% 🔺)	10.948s (+23.3% 🔺)	0.719s	12	22.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.580s (-1.7%)	11.482s (-0.8%)	0.902s	11	23.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.835s (-46.3% 🟢)	4.348s (-38.0% 🟢)	1.513s	28	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.862s (-47.6% 🟢)	4.735s (-33.2% 🟢)	1.873s	26	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.323s (-10.7% 🟢)	5.875s (-10.1% 🟢)	1.551s	21	1.53x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.152s (-4.8%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-3.2%)	2.020s (~)	0.868s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.161s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.002s (~)	0.001s (-23.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.850s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+3.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.010s (-63.3% 🟢)	2.017s (-1.0%)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.162s (-1.4%)	1.996s (~)	0.001s (+18.2% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.848s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (~)	1.997s (~)	0.001s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.846s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.166s (+1.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+15.8% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.854s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.394s (~)	3.664s (~)	2.817s (+280.1% 🔺)	7.003s (+43.7% 🔺)	4.609s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.580s (-2.2%)	3.676s (-3.4%)	3.222s (+306.2% 🔺)	7.324s (+44.9% 🔺)	4.743s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.222s (+67.4% 🔺)	6.757s (+76.9% 🔺)	6.790s (+741.0% 🔺)	14.028s (+175.9% 🔺)	9.806s	10	1.76x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.578s (~)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (-0.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.582s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.012s (-32.6% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.443s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.586s (+1.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.013s (-1.6%)	2.025s (~)	0.439s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.587s (-11.1% 🟢)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (-3.2%)	2.025s (~)	0.438s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.602s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.011s (-10.0% 🟢)	2.024s (~)	0.422s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.629s (+2.8%)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.397s	30	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	6.362s (-25.1% 🟢)	7.874s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.295s (+11.9% 🔺)	8.645s (-18.2% 🟢)	2.283s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.926s (-3.3%)	8.021s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.317s (+33.5% 🔺)	8.767s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.841s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	7.068s (+10.7% 🔺)	8.644s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.226s (+26.4% 🔺)	9.378s (+10.9% 🔺)	2.311s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.756s (-2.2%)	1.031s (-1.7%)	0.000s (+184.5% 🔺)	1.047s (-4.2%)	0.291s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.779s (+1.9%)	1.106s (+7.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+31.9% 🔺)	1.119s (+6.0% 🔺)	0.340s	54	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.808s (-20.8% 🟢)	1.091s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-62.7% 🟢)	1.098s (-25.4% 🟢)	0.290s	55	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.348s (+25.4% 🔺)	2.013s (+9.6% 🔺)	0.000s (-72.5% 🟢)	2.016s (+9.5% 🔺)	0.668s	30	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	1.358s (~)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (-16.7% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.657s	30	1.80x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.453s (-3.9%)	2.012s (~)	0.000s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.563s	30	1.92x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.520s (+2.1%)	4.578s (-4.0%)	0.000s (~)	5.014s (-4.7%)	1.494s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.624s (+19.6% 🔺)	5.141s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	5.677s (+12.7% 🔺)	2.053s	11	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.734s (-0.6%)	4.680s (-13.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-8.3% 🟢)	5.087s (-13.2% 🟢)	1.353s	12	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.567s (-2.9%)	2.173s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.197s (+5.2% 🔺)	0.629s	28	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.653s (+6.6% 🔺)	2.218s (+3.9%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.249s (+4.8%)	0.596s	27	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.827s (-13.5% 🟢)	2.442s (-5.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.463s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.636s	25	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.550s (+60.9% 🔺)	4.158s (+51.6% 🔺)	0.001s (+25.7% 🔺)	4.169s (+51.4% 🔺)	0.619s	15	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	3.817s (+30.3% 🔺)	4.309s (+17.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+191.4% 🔺)	4.323s (+17.7% 🔺)	0.506s	14	2.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.847s (+32.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+27.8% 🔺)	0.001s (+33.3% 🔺)	4.303s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.455s	15	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.313s (+1.2%)	6.448s (~)	0.000s (NaN%)	6.890s (~)	1.577s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.633s (-22.3% 🟢)	7.188s (-14.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.585s (-14.3% 🟢)	1.952s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.160s (+8.2% 🔺)	7.903s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.458s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.298s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	18/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13/21
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	9/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 📦 Local Production	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1895	0	233	2128
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	8192	0	1080	9272

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[socket-security]

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/​undici@​7.28.0

View full report

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2535. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• Bump the workspace catalog for undici to 7.28.0.
• Refresh the lockfile entries for @workflow/world-local and @workflow/world-vercel.
• Add a patch changeset for the published world packages.

Verification

• pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local... --filter @workflow/world-vercel... build
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local typecheck
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-vercel typecheck
• Filtered pnpm audit confirms the direct Workflow undici findings are cleared; one unrelated workbench/tanstack-start transitive undici@7.22.0 finding remains.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: eebd39d

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 19 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-sveltekit-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-tanstack-start-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-vite-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-docs	Ready	Preview, Comment, Open in v0	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-swc-playground	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-tarballs	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workflow-web	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am

[github-actions]

📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-2.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.966s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-4.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.965s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s (-21.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.955s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.056s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.956s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.062s (-14.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.950s	10	1.56x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.065s (+3.3%)	1.013s (~)	0.948s	10	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.275s (-27.1% 🟢)	2.233s (-2.7%)	1.958s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.279s (-4.3%)	1.965s (+3.9%)	1.686s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.342s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.227s (-0.9%)	1.885s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.086s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.092s (-0.9%)	2.007s (~)	0.915s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (-3.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.911s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s (-3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.104s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.906s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.107s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.563s (-32.5% 🟢)	3.412s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.849s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s (-5.0%)	3.485s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.808s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.943s (~)	4.170s (+13.4% 🔺)	2.227s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.480s (-0.6%)	11.021s (~)	0.541s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.510s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.512s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.520s (~)	11.020s (~)	0.500s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.529s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.486s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.537s (-2.5%)	11.024s (~)	0.486s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.588s (-2.5%)	11.017s (~)	0.429s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.382s (-29.5% 🟢)	15.220s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.838s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.402s (-6.4% 🟢)	14.481s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.078s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.519s (-25.2% 🟢)	15.360s (-23.1% 🟢)	1.841s	2	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.657s (-0.8%)	14.026s (~)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.680s (~)	14.027s (~)	0.347s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.735s (-0.8%)	14.019s (~)	0.284s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.759s (-0.7%)	14.018s (~)	0.259s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.777s (-4.5%)	14.020s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.243s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.840s (-3.7%)	14.028s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.189s	5	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	21.292s (-39.9% 🟢)	23.016s (-37.5% 🟢)	1.725s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.355s (-11.8% 🟢)	30.278s (+15.6% 🔺)	8.922s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.518s (-30.9% 🟢)	23.252s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.734s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.200s (+1.1%)	13.025s (+1.0%)	0.825s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.279s (-2.1%)	13.025s (~)	0.746s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.348s (-1.4%)	13.018s (~)	0.671s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.421s (~)	13.019s (~)	0.598s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.439s (-10.3% 🟢)	13.016s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.577s	7	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.444s (-8.9% 🟢)	13.026s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.582s	7	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.734s (-28.8% 🟢)	29.448s (-28.1% 🟢)	1.714s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.861s (-20.6% 🟢)	30.035s (-18.6% 🟢)	2.173s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	39.276s (+11.6% 🔺)	41.180s (+11.5% 🔺)	1.904s	3	1.42x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.160s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.848s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-1.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.202s (+2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.804s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.207s (-0.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.801s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.213s (+4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.792s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.251s (-3.5%)	2.007s (~)	0.756s	15	1.08x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.369s (+6.8% 🔺)	3.987s (+2.6%)	1.619s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.949s (-10.5% 🟢)	1.355s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.498s (+68.6% 🔺)	6.090s (+48.6% 🔺)	1.593s	5	1.90x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.262s (-23.0% 🟢)	2.151s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.889s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.307s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.701s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.331s (-2.5%)	2.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.677s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.026s (+30.5% 🔺)	2.314s (+15.1% 🔺)	0.288s	13	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.735s (+19.3% 🔺)	0.487s	11	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	2.385s (+46.6% 🔺)	2.828s (+41.0% 🔺)	0.443s	11	1.89x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.866s (-29.2% 🟢)	4.414s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.548s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.939s (-25.8% 🟢)	5.023s (-11.4% 🟢)	2.084s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.227s (+38.7% 🔺)	7.724s (+19.2% 🔺)	1.496s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-54.2% 🟢)	4.010s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.562s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.468s (-16.7% 🟢)	3.568s (-8.2% 🟢)	2.100s	9	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.470s (-7.8% 🟢)	3.114s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.644s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.706s (+37.5% 🔺)	5.011s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.305s	6	3.25x
💻 Local	Express	5.448s (+24.6% 🔺)	6.018s (+23.6% 🔺)	0.570s	5	3.76x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.393s (+10.7% 🔺)	7.014s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.622s	5	4.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.922s (-30.3% 🟢)	5.737s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.815s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.137s (-32.5% 🟢)	5.456s (-34.5% 🟢)	1.319s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.384s (-20.3% 🟢)	6.216s (-21.6% 🟢)	1.832s	5	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.175s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (-2.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.189s (-1.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.819s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.220s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.785s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.231s (-21.9% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.775s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.315s (-6.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.691s	15	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.317s (-37.7% 🟢)	3.595s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.278s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.407s (+3.6%)	3.938s (+3.5%)	1.531s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.695s (-24.4% 🟢)	4.040s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.345s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.260s (-18.4% 🟢)	2.008s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.748s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.276s (-11.5% 🟢)	2.009s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.732s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.291s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.716s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.967s (+16.1% 🔺)	2.392s (+19.1% 🔺)	0.425s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Express	1.971s (+3.8%)	2.391s (+11.3% 🔺)	0.421s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+3.7%)	2.826s (-6.1% 🟢)	0.578s	11	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.893s (+3.3%)	4.633s (+10.8% 🔺)	1.740s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.241s (-27.4% 🟢)	4.773s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.532s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.838s (+40.8% 🔺)	5.754s (+25.9% 🔺)	1.915s	6	1.33x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.442s (-20.1% 🟢)	3.343s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.901s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.464s (-18.6% 🟢)	3.761s (-6.2% 🟢)	2.297s	8	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.607s (-60.5% 🟢)	4.439s (~)	2.832s	7	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.508s (+22.6% 🔺)	6.015s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.507s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.585s (+21.7% 🔺)	6.012s (+19.9% 🔺)	0.427s	5	3.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.765s (+16.5% 🔺)	7.523s (+17.3% 🔺)	0.758s	4	4.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.091s (+8.2% 🔺)	5.619s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.528s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.321s (-48.7% 🟢)	6.513s (-36.4% 🟢)	2.191s	5	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.832s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.381s (-59.3% 🟢)	1.549s	5	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.543s (-35.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.463s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.547s (-4.2%)	1.006s (~)	0.459s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.547s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.023s (-1.7%)	0.476s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.552s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.452s	60	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.570s (+13.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.435s	60	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.602s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.403s	60	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.553s (-21.9% 🟢)	5.473s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.920s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.609s (-42.8% 🟢)	4.941s (-39.3% 🟢)	1.332s	13	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.902s (-41.0% 🟢)	5.252s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.350s	12	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.274s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.008s (-1.0%)	0.734s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s (-34.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-3.3%)	0.728s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.297s (-6.6% 🟢)	2.030s (~)	0.733s	45	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.384s (+16.6% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.622s	45	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	1.409s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.597s	45	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-31.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.559s	45	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	9.669s (-28.9% 🟢)	11.386s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.716s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.973s (-7.1% 🟢)	12.519s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.546s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.662s (-16.2% 🟢)	16.746s (-12.6% 🟢)	2.084s	9	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.513s (-35.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-26.2% 🟢)	0.496s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.566s (-8.3% 🟢)	3.086s (-2.5%)	0.520s	39	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.595s (-4.3%)	3.085s (-0.8%)	0.490s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.056s (+11.9% 🔺)	3.646s (+13.1% 🔺)	0.589s	33	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.065s (-4.2%)	3.626s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.561s	34	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.164s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.945s (-21.3% 🟢)	0.781s	31	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	19.603s (-24.8% 🟢)	21.815s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.212s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	19.824s (-20.7% 🟢)	21.318s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.494s	6	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	20.561s (-21.8% 🟢)	22.348s (-20.5% 🟢)	1.787s	6	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.173s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.834s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.219s (-6.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.787s	60	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.222s (-4.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.784s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.323s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.681s	60	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	0.355s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.649s	60	2.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.601s (+3.3%)	1.005s (~)	0.403s	60	3.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.529s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.017s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.488s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.654s (+135.7% 🔺)	6.242s (+117.6% 🔺)	2.589s	10	2.39x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.727s (+188.8% 🔺)	5.526s (+92.3% 🔺)	1.799s	11	2.44x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.271s (-49.7% 🟢)	1.006s (-10.0% 🟢)	0.735s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.323s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.694s	89	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.362s (+1.7%)	1.007s (-3.2%)	0.645s	90	1.33x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.897s (+24.5% 🔺)	2.376s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.479s	38	7.00x
💻 Local	Express	2.027s (-3.0%)	2.509s (-5.5% 🟢)	0.482s	36	7.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.647s (+13.5% 🔺)	3.007s (-2.2%)	0.361s	30	9.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.512s (-17.5% 🟢)	3.878s (-19.1% 🟢)	1.366s	24	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.671s (-8.7% 🟢)	4.684s (-2.4%)	2.013s	20	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.081s (+48.6% 🔺)	5.855s (+22.5% 🔺)	1.775s	16	1.62x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.459s (-82.5% 🟢)	3.009s (-13.3% 🟢)	2.550s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.515s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.050s (-14.8% 🟢)	0.535s	115	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.559s (-1.7%)	1.129s (-7.2% 🟢)	0.569s	107	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.336s (+47.9% 🔺)	10.027s (+48.7% 🔺)	0.691s	12	20.33x
💻 Local	Express	10.229s (+23.1% 🔺)	10.948s (+23.3% 🔺)	0.719s	12	22.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.580s (-1.7%)	11.482s (-0.8%)	0.902s	11	23.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.835s (-46.3% 🟢)	4.348s (-38.0% 🟢)	1.513s	28	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.862s (-47.6% 🟢)	4.735s (-33.2% 🟢)	1.873s	26	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.323s (-10.7% 🟢)	5.875s (-10.1% 🟢)	1.551s	21	1.53x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.152s (-4.8%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-3.2%)	2.020s (~)	0.868s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.161s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.002s (~)	0.001s (-23.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.850s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+3.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.010s (-63.3% 🟢)	2.017s (-1.0%)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.162s (-1.4%)	1.996s (~)	0.001s (+18.2% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.848s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (~)	1.997s (~)	0.001s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.846s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.166s (+1.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+15.8% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.854s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.394s (~)	3.664s (~)	2.817s (+280.1% 🔺)	7.003s (+43.7% 🔺)	4.609s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.580s (-2.2%)	3.676s (-3.4%)	3.222s (+306.2% 🔺)	7.324s (+44.9% 🔺)	4.743s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.222s (+67.4% 🔺)	6.757s (+76.9% 🔺)	6.790s (+741.0% 🔺)	14.028s (+175.9% 🔺)	9.806s	10	1.76x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.578s (~)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (-0.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.582s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.012s (-32.6% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.443s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.586s (+1.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.013s (-1.6%)	2.025s (~)	0.439s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.587s (-11.1% 🟢)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (-3.2%)	2.025s (~)	0.438s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.602s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.011s (-10.0% 🟢)	2.024s (~)	0.422s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.629s (+2.8%)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.397s	30	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	6.362s (-25.1% 🟢)	7.874s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.295s (+11.9% 🔺)	8.645s (-18.2% 🟢)	2.283s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.926s (-3.3%)	8.021s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.317s (+33.5% 🔺)	8.767s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.841s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	7.068s (+10.7% 🔺)	8.644s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.226s (+26.4% 🔺)	9.378s (+10.9% 🔺)	2.311s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.756s (-2.2%)	1.031s (-1.7%)	0.000s (+184.5% 🔺)	1.047s (-4.2%)	0.291s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.779s (+1.9%)	1.106s (+7.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+31.9% 🔺)	1.119s (+6.0% 🔺)	0.340s	54	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.808s (-20.8% 🟢)	1.091s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-62.7% 🟢)	1.098s (-25.4% 🟢)	0.290s	55	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.348s (+25.4% 🔺)	2.013s (+9.6% 🔺)	0.000s (-72.5% 🟢)	2.016s (+9.5% 🔺)	0.668s	30	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	1.358s (~)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (-16.7% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.657s	30	1.80x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.453s (-3.9%)	2.012s (~)	0.000s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.563s	30	1.92x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.520s (+2.1%)	4.578s (-4.0%)	0.000s (~)	5.014s (-4.7%)	1.494s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.624s (+19.6% 🔺)	5.141s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	5.677s (+12.7% 🔺)	2.053s	11	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.734s (-0.6%)	4.680s (-13.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-8.3% 🟢)	5.087s (-13.2% 🟢)	1.353s	12	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.567s (-2.9%)	2.173s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.197s (+5.2% 🔺)	0.629s	28	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.653s (+6.6% 🔺)	2.218s (+3.9%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.249s (+4.8%)	0.596s	27	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.827s (-13.5% 🟢)	2.442s (-5.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.463s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.636s	25	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.550s (+60.9% 🔺)	4.158s (+51.6% 🔺)	0.001s (+25.7% 🔺)	4.169s (+51.4% 🔺)	0.619s	15	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	3.817s (+30.3% 🔺)	4.309s (+17.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+191.4% 🔺)	4.323s (+17.7% 🔺)	0.506s	14	2.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.847s (+32.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+27.8% 🔺)	0.001s (+33.3% 🔺)	4.303s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.455s	15	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.313s (+1.2%)	6.448s (~)	0.000s (NaN%)	6.890s (~)	1.577s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.633s (-22.3% 🟢)	7.188s (-14.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.585s (-14.3% 🟢)	1.952s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.160s (+8.2% 🔺)	7.903s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.458s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.298s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	18/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13/21
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	9/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 📦 Local Production	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1895	0	233	2128
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	8192	0	1080	9272

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

📋 View full workflow run

[socket-security]

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/​undici@​7.28.0

View full report

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2535. (backport job run)

[NathanColosimo]

Summary

• Bump the workspace catalog for undici to 7.28.0.
• Refresh the lockfile entries for @workflow/world-local and @workflow/world-vercel.
• Add a patch changeset for the published world packages.

Verification

• pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local... --filter @workflow/world-vercel... build
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-local typecheck
• pnpm --filter @workflow/world-vercel typecheck
• Filtered pnpm audit confirms the direct Workflow undici findings are cleared; one unrelated workbench/tanstack-start transitive undici@7.22.0 finding remains.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: eebd39d

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 19 packages

Name	Type
@workflow/world-local	Patch
@workflow/world-vercel	Patch
@workflow/cli	Patch
@workflow/core	Patch
@workflow/vitest	Patch
@workflow/world-postgres	Patch
@workflow/web	Patch
workflow	Patch
@workflow/world-testing	Patch
@workflow/builders	Patch
@workflow/next	Patch
@workflow/nitro	Patch
@workflow/web-shared	Patch
@workflow/astro	Patch
@workflow/nest	Patch
@workflow/rollup	Patch
@workflow/sveltekit	Patch
@workflow/vite	Patch
@workflow/nuxt	Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

[vercel]

The latest updates on your projects. Learn more about Vercel for GitHub.

Project	Deployment	Actions	Updated (UTC)
example-nextjs-workflow-turbopack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-nextjs-workflow-webpack	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
example-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-astro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-express-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-fastify-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-hono-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nitro-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
workbench-nuxt-workflow	Ready	Preview, Comment	Jun 19, 2026 7:18am
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📊 Benchmark Results

📈 Comparing against baseline from main branch. Green 🟢 = faster, Red 🔺 = slower.

workflow with no steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	0.040s (-2.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.966s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	0.041s (-4.8%)	1.007s (~)	0.965s	10	1.04x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.051s (-21.9% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.955s	10	1.29x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.056s (-20.9% 🟢)	1.011s (~)	0.956s	10	1.40x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.062s (-14.6% 🟢)	1.012s (~)	0.950s	10	1.56x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.065s (+3.3%)	1.013s (~)	0.948s	10	1.63x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	0.275s (-27.1% 🟢)	2.233s (-2.7%)	1.958s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.279s (-4.3%)	1.965s (+3.9%)	1.686s	10	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	0.342s (-8.7% 🟢)	2.227s (-0.9%)	1.885s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 1 step

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	1.086s (~)	2.006s (~)	0.920s	10	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.092s (-0.9%)	2.007s (~)	0.915s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.099s (-3.7%)	2.010s (~)	0.911s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.103s (-3.9%)	2.006s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.104s (~)	2.010s (~)	0.906s	10	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.107s (-1.2%)	2.010s (~)	0.904s	10	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	1.563s (-32.5% 🟢)	3.412s (-14.5% 🟢)	1.849s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.677s (-5.0%)	3.485s (-6.1% 🟢)	1.808s	10	1.07x
▲ Vercel	Express	1.943s (~)	4.170s (+13.4% 🔺)	2.227s	10	1.24x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 10 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	10.480s (-0.6%)	11.021s (~)	0.541s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	10.510s (~)	11.022s (~)	0.512s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	10.520s (~)	11.020s (~)	0.500s	3	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	10.529s (~)	11.016s (~)	0.486s	3	1.00x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.537s (-2.5%)	11.024s (~)	0.486s	3	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.588s (-2.5%)	11.017s (~)	0.429s	3	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	13.382s (-29.5% 🟢)	15.220s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.838s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.402s (-6.4% 🟢)	14.481s (-11.1% 🟢)	1.078s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	13.519s (-25.2% 🟢)	15.360s (-23.1% 🟢)	1.841s	2	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

workflow with 25 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Express	13.657s (-0.8%)	14.026s (~)	0.370s	5	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	13.680s (~)	14.027s (~)	0.347s	5	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	13.735s (-0.8%)	14.019s (~)	0.284s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	13.759s (-0.7%)	14.018s (~)	0.259s	5	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.777s (-4.5%)	14.020s (-6.6% 🟢)	0.243s	5	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	13.840s (-3.7%)	14.028s (-6.7% 🟢)	0.189s	5	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	21.292s (-39.9% 🟢)	23.016s (-37.5% 🟢)	1.725s	3	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	21.355s (-11.8% 🟢)	30.278s (+15.6% 🔺)	8.922s	2	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	21.518s (-30.9% 🟢)	23.252s (-28.6% 🟢)	1.734s	3	1.01x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 sequential steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Nitro	12.200s (+1.1%)	13.025s (+1.0%)	0.825s	7	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	12.279s (-2.1%)	13.025s (~)	0.746s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	12.348s (-1.4%)	13.018s (~)	0.671s	7	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	12.421s (~)	13.019s (~)	0.598s	7	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.439s (-10.3% 🟢)	13.016s (-8.1% 🟢)	0.577s	7	1.02x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	12.444s (-8.9% 🟢)	13.026s (-7.1% 🟢)	0.582s	7	1.02x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	27.734s (-28.8% 🟢)	29.448s (-28.1% 🟢)	1.714s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	27.861s (-20.6% 🟢)	30.035s (-18.6% 🟢)	2.173s	4	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	39.276s (+11.6% 🔺)	41.180s (+11.5% 🔺)	1.904s	3	1.42x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.160s (-9.9% 🟢)	2.007s (~)	0.848s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.178s (-1.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.830s	15	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.202s (+2.8%)	2.006s (~)	0.804s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.207s (-0.5%)	2.008s (~)	0.801s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.213s (+4.1%)	2.006s (~)	0.792s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.251s (-3.5%)	2.007s (~)	0.756s	15	1.08x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.369s (+6.8% 🔺)	3.987s (+2.6%)	1.619s	8	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.593s (-10.9% 🟢)	3.949s (-10.5% 🟢)	1.355s	8	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.498s (+68.6% 🔺)	6.090s (+48.6% 🔺)	1.593s	5	1.90x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.262s (-23.0% 🟢)	2.151s (-10.1% 🟢)	0.889s	14	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.307s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.701s	15	1.04x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.331s (-2.5%)	2.007s (-20.0% 🟢)	0.677s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Nitro	2.026s (+30.5% 🔺)	2.314s (+15.1% 🔺)	0.288s	13	1.61x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+17.7% 🔺)	2.735s (+19.3% 🔺)	0.487s	11	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	2.385s (+46.6% 🔺)	2.828s (+41.0% 🔺)	0.443s	11	1.89x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.866s (-29.2% 🟢)	4.414s (-22.6% 🟢)	1.548s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.939s (-25.8% 🟢)	5.023s (-11.4% 🟢)	2.084s	6	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.227s (+38.7% 🔺)	7.724s (+19.2% 🔺)	1.496s	4	2.17x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Promise.all with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-54.2% 🟢)	4.010s (-6.8% 🟢)	2.562s	8	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.468s (-16.7% 🟢)	3.568s (-8.2% 🟢)	2.100s	9	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.470s (-7.8% 🟢)	3.114s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.644s	10	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	4.706s (+37.5% 🔺)	5.011s (+25.0% 🔺)	0.305s	6	3.25x
💻 Local	Express	5.448s (+24.6% 🔺)	6.018s (+23.6% 🔺)	0.570s	5	3.76x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.393s (+10.7% 🔺)	7.014s (+12.8% 🔺)	0.622s	5	4.42x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.922s (-30.3% 🟢)	5.737s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.815s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.137s (-32.5% 🟢)	5.456s (-34.5% 🟢)	1.319s	6	1.05x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.384s (-20.3% 🟢)	6.216s (-21.6% 🟢)	1.832s	5	1.12x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

Promise.race with 10 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.175s (-8.3% 🟢)	2.008s (~)	0.833s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.185s (-2.7%)	2.008s (~)	0.823s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.189s (-1.9%)	2.008s (~)	0.819s	15	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.220s (+1.6%)	2.006s (~)	0.785s	15	1.04x
💻 Local	Express	1.231s (-21.9% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.775s	15	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.315s (-6.0% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.691s	15	1.12x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.317s (-37.7% 🟢)	3.595s (-31.3% 🟢)	1.278s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.407s (+3.6%)	3.938s (+3.5%)	1.531s	8	1.04x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.695s (-24.4% 🟢)	4.040s (-23.6% 🟢)	1.345s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

Promise.race with 25 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.260s (-18.4% 🟢)	2.008s (-9.7% 🟢)	0.748s	15	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.276s (-11.5% 🟢)	2.009s (-16.1% 🟢)	0.732s	15	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.291s (-5.4% 🟢)	2.007s (-13.3% 🟢)	0.716s	15	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.967s (+16.1% 🔺)	2.392s (+19.1% 🔺)	0.425s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Express	1.971s (+3.8%)	2.391s (+11.3% 🔺)	0.421s	13	1.56x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.248s (+3.7%)	2.826s (-6.1% 🟢)	0.578s	11	1.78x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.893s (+3.3%)	4.633s (+10.8% 🔺)	1.740s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.241s (-27.4% 🟢)	4.773s (-22.5% 🟢)	1.532s	7	1.12x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.838s (+40.8% 🔺)	5.754s (+25.9% 🔺)	1.915s	6	1.33x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Promise.race with 50 concurrent steps

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.442s (-20.1% 🟢)	3.343s (-22.2% 🟢)	1.901s	9	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.464s (-18.6% 🟢)	3.761s (-6.2% 🟢)	2.297s	8	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.607s (-60.5% 🟢)	4.439s (~)	2.832s	7	1.11x
💻 Local	Nitro	5.508s (+22.6% 🔺)	6.015s (+20.0% 🔺)	0.507s	6	3.82x
💻 Local	Express	5.585s (+21.7% 🔺)	6.012s (+19.9% 🔺)	0.427s	5	3.87x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	6.765s (+16.5% 🔺)	7.523s (+17.3% 🔺)	0.758s	4	4.69x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	4.091s (+8.2% 🔺)	5.619s (+7.4% 🔺)	1.528s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	4.321s (-48.7% 🟢)	6.513s (-36.4% 🟢)	2.191s	5	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.832s (-65.1% 🟢)	6.381s (-59.3% 🟢)	1.549s	5	1.18x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 10 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.543s (-35.0% 🟢)	1.006s (-1.7%)	0.463s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.547s (-4.2%)	1.006s (~)	0.459s	60	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.547s (-7.9% 🟢)	1.023s (-1.7%)	0.476s	59	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	0.552s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.005s (-1.7%)	0.452s	60	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.570s (+13.8% 🔺)	1.005s (~)	0.435s	60	1.05x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.602s (-32.2% 🟢)	1.005s (-3.3%)	0.403s	60	1.11x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	3.553s (-21.9% 🟢)	5.473s (-15.5% 🟢)	1.920s	11	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.609s (-42.8% 🟢)	4.941s (-39.3% 🟢)	1.332s	13	1.02x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.902s (-41.0% 🟢)	5.252s (-37.0% 🟢)	1.350s	12	1.10x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 25 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.274s (-6.1% 🟢)	2.008s (-1.0%)	0.734s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.279s (-34.1% 🟢)	2.007s (-3.3%)	0.728s	45	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.297s (-6.6% 🟢)	2.030s (~)	0.733s	45	1.02x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.384s (+16.6% 🔺)	2.006s (~)	0.622s	45	1.09x
💻 Local	Express	1.409s (-5.3% 🟢)	2.006s (~)	0.597s	45	1.11x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.447s (-31.1% 🟢)	2.006s (-33.3% 🟢)	0.559s	45	1.14x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	9.669s (-28.9% 🟢)	11.386s (-25.7% 🟢)	1.716s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	10.973s (-7.1% 🟢)	12.519s (-11.6% 🟢)	1.546s	9	1.13x
▲ Vercel	Express	14.662s (-16.2% 🟢)	16.746s (-12.6% 🟢)	2.084s	9	1.52x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

workflow with 50 sequential data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.513s (-35.0% 🟢)	3.008s (-26.2% 🟢)	0.496s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	2.566s (-8.3% 🟢)	3.086s (-2.5%)	0.520s	39	1.02x
🐘 Postgres	Express	2.595s (-4.3%)	3.085s (-0.8%)	0.490s	39	1.03x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.056s (+11.9% 🔺)	3.646s (+13.1% 🔺)	0.589s	33	1.22x
💻 Local	Express	3.065s (-4.2%)	3.626s (-9.5% 🟢)	0.561s	34	1.22x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.164s (-27.2% 🟢)	3.945s (-21.3% 🟢)	0.781s	31	1.26x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	19.603s (-24.8% 🟢)	21.815s (-22.2% 🟢)	2.212s	6	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	19.824s (-20.7% 🟢)	21.318s (-20.4% 🟢)	1.494s	6	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	20.561s (-21.8% 🟢)	22.348s (-20.5% 🟢)	1.787s	6	1.05x

🔍 Observability: Express | Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro

workflow with 10 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.173s (-41.3% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.834s	60	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.219s (-6.8% 🟢)	1.006s (~)	0.787s	60	1.27x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.222s (-4.0%)	1.006s (~)	0.784s	60	1.29x
💻 Local	Nitro	0.323s (-13.4% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.681s	60	1.87x
💻 Local	Express	0.355s (-19.3% 🟢)	1.004s (~)	0.649s	60	2.06x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.601s (+3.3%)	1.005s (~)	0.403s	60	3.48x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.529s (-18.3% 🟢)	3.017s (-22.4% 🟢)	1.488s	20	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.654s (+135.7% 🔺)	6.242s (+117.6% 🔺)	2.589s	10	2.39x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.727s (+188.8% 🔺)	5.526s (+92.3% 🔺)	1.799s	11	2.44x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 25 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.271s (-49.7% 🟢)	1.006s (-10.0% 🟢)	0.735s	90	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.323s (-5.5% 🟢)	1.017s (~)	0.694s	89	1.19x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.362s (+1.7%)	1.007s (-3.2%)	0.645s	90	1.33x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.897s (+24.5% 🔺)	2.376s (+10.4% 🔺)	0.479s	38	7.00x
💻 Local	Express	2.027s (-3.0%)	2.509s (-5.5% 🟢)	0.482s	36	7.48x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	2.647s (+13.5% 🔺)	3.007s (-2.2%)	0.361s	30	9.77x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	2.512s (-17.5% 🟢)	3.878s (-19.1% 🟢)	1.366s	24	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.671s (-8.7% 🟢)	4.684s (-2.4%)	2.013s	20	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	4.081s (+48.6% 🔺)	5.855s (+22.5% 🔺)	1.775s	16	1.62x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

workflow with 50 concurrent data payload steps (10KB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	0.459s (-82.5% 🟢)	3.009s (-13.3% 🟢)	2.550s	40	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	0.515s (-9.4% 🟢)	1.050s (-14.8% 🟢)	0.535s	115	1.12x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.559s (-1.7%)	1.129s (-7.2% 🟢)	0.569s	107	1.22x
💻 Local	Nitro	9.336s (+47.9% 🔺)	10.027s (+48.7% 🔺)	0.691s	12	20.33x
💻 Local	Express	10.229s (+23.1% 🔺)	10.948s (+23.3% 🔺)	0.719s	12	22.28x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	10.580s (-1.7%)	11.482s (-0.8%)	0.902s	11	23.04x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	2.835s (-46.3% 🟢)	4.348s (-38.0% 🟢)	1.513s	28	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	2.862s (-47.6% 🟢)	4.735s (-33.2% 🟢)	1.873s	26	1.01x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.323s (-10.7% 🟢)	5.875s (-10.1% 🟢)	1.551s	21	1.53x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Express | Next.js (Turbopack)

Stream Benchmarks(includes TTFB metrics)

workflow with stream

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
💻 Local	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	1.152s (-4.8%)	2.004s (~)	0.012s (-3.2%)	2.020s (~)	0.868s	10	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.161s (-5.6% 🟢)	2.002s (~)	0.001s (-23.1% 🟢)	2.011s (~)	0.850s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.162s (+3.9%)	2.005s (~)	0.010s (-63.3% 🟢)	2.017s (-1.0%)	0.856s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.162s (-1.4%)	1.996s (~)	0.001s (+18.2% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.848s	10	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.164s (~)	1.997s (~)	0.001s (+20.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.846s	10	1.01x
💻 Local	Express	1.166s (+1.4%)	2.005s (~)	0.012s (+15.8% 🔺)	2.019s (~)	0.854s	10	1.01x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Express	2.394s (~)	3.664s (~)	2.817s (+280.1% 🔺)	7.003s (+43.7% 🔺)	4.609s	10	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	2.580s (-2.2%)	3.676s (-3.4%)	3.222s (+306.2% 🔺)	7.324s (+44.9% 🔺)	4.743s	10	1.08x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	4.222s (+67.4% 🔺)	6.757s (+76.9% 🔺)	6.790s (+741.0% 🔺)	14.028s (+175.9% 🔺)	9.806s	10	1.76x

🔍 Observability: Express | Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack)

stream pipeline with 5 transform steps (1MB)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	1.578s (~)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (-0.6%)	2.027s (~)	0.449s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.582s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.010s (~)	0.012s (-32.6% 🟢)	2.025s (~)	0.443s	30	1.00x
💻 Local	Express	1.586s (+1.2%)	2.009s (~)	0.013s (-1.6%)	2.025s (~)	0.439s	30	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.587s (-11.1% 🟢)	2.010s (~)	0.005s (-3.2%)	2.025s (~)	0.438s	30	1.01x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.602s (-8.5% 🟢)	2.009s (~)	0.011s (-10.0% 🟢)	2.024s (~)	0.422s	30	1.01x
🐘 Postgres	Express	1.629s (+2.8%)	2.003s (~)	0.005s (+10.7% 🔺)	2.026s (~)	0.397s	30	1.03x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	6.362s (-25.1% 🟢)	7.874s (-19.8% 🟢)	0.295s (+11.9% 🔺)	8.645s (-18.2% 🟢)	2.283s	7	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	6.926s (-3.3%)	8.021s (-7.4% 🟢)	0.317s (+33.5% 🔺)	8.767s (-6.9% 🟢)	1.841s	7	1.09x
▲ Vercel	Express	7.068s (+10.7% 🔺)	8.644s (+10.7% 🔺)	0.226s (+26.4% 🔺)	9.378s (+10.9% 🔺)	2.311s	7	1.11x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Nitro | Express

10 parallel streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Nitro	0.756s (-2.2%)	1.031s (-1.7%)	0.000s (+184.5% 🔺)	1.047s (-4.2%)	0.291s	58	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Express	0.779s (+1.9%)	1.106s (+7.9% 🔺)	0.000s (+31.9% 🔺)	1.119s (+6.0% 🔺)	0.340s	54	1.03x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	0.808s (-20.8% 🟢)	1.091s (-25.5% 🟢)	0.000s (-62.7% 🟢)	1.098s (-25.4% 🟢)	0.290s	55	1.07x
💻 Local	Nitro	1.348s (+25.4% 🔺)	2.013s (+9.6% 🔺)	0.000s (-72.5% 🟢)	2.016s (+9.5% 🔺)	0.668s	30	1.78x
💻 Local	Express	1.358s (~)	2.013s (~)	0.000s (-16.7% 🟢)	2.016s (~)	0.657s	30	1.80x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.453s (-3.9%)	2.012s (~)	0.000s (+11.1% 🔺)	2.016s (~)	0.563s	30	1.92x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Next.js (Turbopack)	3.520s (+2.1%)	4.578s (-4.0%)	0.000s (~)	5.014s (-4.7%)	1.494s	12	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Express	3.624s (+19.6% 🔺)	5.141s (+12.6% 🔺)	0.000s (NaN%)	5.677s (+12.7% 🔺)	2.053s	11	1.03x
▲ Vercel	Nitro	3.734s (-0.6%)	4.680s (-13.1% 🟢)	0.000s (-8.3% 🟢)	5.087s (-13.2% 🟢)	1.353s	12	1.06x

🔍 Observability: Next.js (Turbopack) | Express | Nitro

fan-out fan-in 10 streams (1MB each)

💻 Local Development

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
🐘 Postgres	🥇 Express	1.567s (-2.9%)	2.173s (+5.3% 🔺)	0.000s (+Infinity% 🔺)	2.197s (+5.2% 🔺)	0.629s	28	1.00x
🐘 Postgres	Nitro	1.653s (+6.6% 🔺)	2.218s (+3.9%)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.249s (+4.8%)	0.596s	27	1.05x
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	1.827s (-13.5% 🟢)	2.442s (-5.6% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	2.463s (-5.1% 🟢)	0.636s	25	1.17x
💻 Local	Nitro	3.550s (+60.9% 🔺)	4.158s (+51.6% 🔺)	0.001s (+25.7% 🔺)	4.169s (+51.4% 🔺)	0.619s	15	2.27x
💻 Local	Express	3.817s (+30.3% 🔺)	4.309s (+17.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+191.4% 🔺)	4.323s (+17.7% 🔺)	0.506s	14	2.44x
💻 Local	Next.js (Turbopack)	3.847s (+32.6% 🔺)	4.292s (+27.8% 🔺)	0.001s (+33.3% 🔺)	4.303s (+27.9% 🔺)	0.455s	15	2.45x

▲ Production (Vercel)

World	Framework	Workflow Time	TTFB	Slurp	Wall Time	Overhead	Samples	vs Fastest
▲ Vercel	🥇 Nitro	5.313s (+1.2%)	6.448s (~)	0.000s (NaN%)	6.890s (~)	1.577s	9	1.00x
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	5.633s (-22.3% 🟢)	7.188s (-14.4% 🟢)	0.000s (-100.0% 🟢)	7.585s (-14.3% 🟢)	1.952s	8	1.06x
▲ Vercel	Express	6.160s (+8.2% 🔺)	7.903s (+9.4% 🔺)	0.001s (+Infinity% 🔺)	8.458s (+10.0% 🔺)	2.298s	8	1.16x

🔍 Observability: Nitro | Next.js (Turbopack) | Express

Summary

Fastest Framework by World

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

World	🥇 Fastest Framework	Wins
💻 Local	Nitro	18/21
🐘 Postgres	Next.js (Turbopack)	13/21
▲ Vercel	Next.js (Turbopack)	9/21

Fastest World by Framework

Winner determined by most benchmark wins

Framework	🥇 Fastest World	Wins
Express	🐘 Postgres	15/21
Next.js (Turbopack)	🐘 Postgres	18/21
Nitro	🐘 Postgres	15/21

Column Definitions

• Workflow Time: Runtime reported by workflow (completedAt - createdAt) - primary metric
• TTFB: Time to First Byte - time from workflow start until first stream byte received (stream benchmarks only)
• Slurp: Time from first byte to complete stream consumption (stream benchmarks only)
• Wall Time: Total testbench time (trigger workflow + poll for result)
• Overhead: Testbench overhead (Wall Time - Workflow Time)
• Samples: Number of benchmark iterations run
• vs Fastest: How much slower compared to the fastest configuration for this benchmark

Worlds:

• 💻 Local: In-memory filesystem world (local development)
• 🐘 Postgres: PostgreSQL database world (local development)
• ▲ Vercel: Vercel production/preview deployment
• 🌐 Turso: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MongoDB: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Jazz: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Redis + BullMQ: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Cloudflare: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 MySQL: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Azure: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 NATS JetStream: Community world (local development)
• 🌐 Upstash: Community world (local development)

---

📋 View full workflow run

[github-actions]

🧪 E2E Test Results

✅ All tests passed

Summary

	Passed	Failed	Skipped	Total
✅ ▲ Vercel Production	1442	0	230	1672
✅ 💻 Local Development	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 📦 Local Production	1909	0	219	2128
✅ 🐘 Local Postgres	1895	0	233	2128
✅ 🪟 Windows	152	0	0	152
✅ 📋 Other	885	0	179	1064
Total	8192	0	1080	9272

Details by Category

✅ ▲ Vercel Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro	125	0	27
✅ example	125	0	27
✅ express	125	0	27
✅ fastify	125	0	27
✅ hono	125	0	27
✅ nextjs-turbopack	149	0	3
✅ nextjs-webpack	149	0	3
✅ nitro	125	0	27
✅ nuxt	125	0	27
✅ sveltekit	144	0	8
✅ vite	125	0	27

✅ 💻 Local Development

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 📦 Local Production

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	127	0	25
✅ express-stable	127	0	25
✅ fastify-stable	127	0	25
✅ hono-stable	127	0	25
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	133	0	19
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	152	0	0
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	152	0	0
✅ nitro-stable	127	0	25
✅ nuxt-stable	127	0	25
✅ sveltekit-stable	146	0	6
✅ vite-stable	127	0	25

✅ 🐘 Local Postgres

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ astro-stable	126	0	26
✅ express-stable	126	0	26
✅ fastify-stable	126	0	26
✅ hono-stable	126	0	26
✅ nextjs-turbopack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-turbopack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-canary	132	0	20
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-disabled	151	0	1
✅ nextjs-webpack-stable-lazy-discovery-enabled	151	0	1
✅ nitro-stable	126	0	26
✅ nuxt-stable	126	0	26
✅ sveltekit-stable	145	0	7
✅ vite-stable	126	0	26

✅ 🪟 Windows

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ nextjs-turbopack	152	0	0

✅ 📋 Other

App	Passed	Failed	Skipped
✅ e2e-local-dev-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-dev-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-postgres-nest-stable	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-postgres-tanstack-start-	126	0	26
✅ e2e-local-prod-nest-stable	127	0	25
✅ e2e-local-prod-tanstack-start-	127	0	25
✅ e2e-vercel-prod-tanstack-start	125	0	27

---

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[socket-security]

Review the following changes in direct dependencies. Learn more about Socket for GitHub.

Diff	Package	Supply Chain Security	Vulnerability	Quality	Maintenance	License
	npm/​undici@​7.28.0

View full report

[github-actions]

Backport PR opened against stable: #2535. (backport job run)